IP Communication in the car:
an Ecosystem Enabler?
Jean-Marie BONNIN
jm.bonnin@telecom-bretagne.eu
Télécom Bretagne
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
1
Introduction
o Much more advanced mobile services
• Adaptive and self-configuring services, context
aware services...
o Numerous wireless access networks
• WLAN (802.11x), WPAN (802.15), MBWAN (802.16,
802.20), or 3G WWAN…
• Dedicated or generic purposes
o More diverse mobile computers/terminals
• Smart-phones, PDAs, laptops, tablet, PCs…
• Specialized Hardwares (mobile routers)
• Various type of sensors and cameras
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
2
Is IPv6 necessary?
o Number of node involved
• 2,5 billions of mobiles and much more devices
• 600 millions of cars, 3 billions expected by 2050
o Network diversity
• IP works over everything
o Stakeholders multiplicity
• IPv4 would constrain the relation
o Different time scale (innovation and support)
• tens of year automotive industry
• few years in telecommunications
• months in services
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
3
ITS stakeholders
Road Side Systems
- Toll gate
- Traffic information
- ...
Service Providers
- Traffic management
- Fleet management
- Multimodal transportation
Internet
Road
side
Senso unit
rs
Access
Network
Access
Network
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
4
ITS stakeholders
Road Side Systems
- Toll gate
- Traffic information
- ...
Service Providers
- Traffic management
- Fleet management
- Multimodal transportation
Internet
Road
side
Senso unit
rs
Access
Network
Access
Network
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
4
ITS stakeholders
Road Side Systems
- Toll gate
- Traffic information
- ...
Service Providers
- Traffic management
- Fleet management
- Multimodal transportation
Internet
Road
side
Senso unit
rs
Access
Network
Access
Network
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
4
ITS stakeholders
Service
Service Providers
Providers
- Traffic management
- Fleet management
- Multimodal transportation
Road Side Systems
- Toll gate
- Traffic information
- ...
Road
Side
Internet
Road
side
Senso unit
rs
Access
Network
Access
Network
Car
Manufacturers
Users
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
4
ISP/ASP
ISP/ASP
Current situation: multiple modems
GPS
Fleet management
Message board
Machin to stamp
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
5
Current situation: multiple modems
GPS
Fleet management
Video surveillance
Message board
Machin to stamp
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
5
IPv4-based service deployment example
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
IPv4-based service deployment example
Services Provider
Internet
3G
Network
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
WiFi
Network
IPv4-based service deployment example
Services Provider
Internet
3G
Network
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
WiFi
Network
IPv4-based service deployment example
Service Provider 2
Services Provider
Internet
3G
Network
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
WiFi
Network
IPv4-based service deployment example
Services Provider
Internet
3G
Network
WiFi
Network
Service Provider 2
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
IPv4-based service deployment example
Services Provider
Internet
3G
Network
WiFi
Network
Service Provider 2
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
IPv4-based service deployment example
Services Provider
Internet
3G
Network
WiFi
Network
Service Provider 2
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
6
Using multiple access networks: CALM
IPv6 session continuity
&
Media selection
CALM
media2
CALM
media2
WiFi
CALM
media2
M5
Other
Media
WLAN
UMTS
Interface
Management
Entity
(IME)
3G
EDGE
2G
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
7
Network layer
CALM FAST
Géocasting
WiMAX
Network
Management
Entity
(NME)
TCP/IP
Application
FAST ITS
Applications
GPRS
Management Plan
CALM FAST Managment
CALM
Management
Entity
(CME)
Communications
Access for
Land
Mobiles
IPv6
MIPv6
NEMO
MCoA
Is network mobility management necessary?
Spectrum and network
ressources are not used
efficiently
Each mobile
has to reach the
infrastructure
using only its
own ressources
3G RAN
✓ Network mobility
Multiple Simultaneous
Handovers
(on a router)
Only the router
has to reach the
infrastructure
Each mobile
manages its
own mobility
Some devices
Each mobile has
(MIP)
should not have
few wireless
to manage
interfaces
mobility
✓ Host mobility
(MIP on teminal)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
8
3G RAN
WiFi
Access
Network
Low power (short range)
transmission between
devices and mobile router
Each mobile does
not manage
mobility, it is just
an IP terminal
Each mobile
needs only one
wireless interface
Devices could
not manage
mobility
Router could manage
several interfaces and
performs load sharing
Internet provision: IPv6 and NEMO
CN2
CN1
Visited
Network
Internet
AR
Binding Cache:
HoA - CoA1
HoA - CoA2
Prefix Table:
MNP - HoA
AR
AR
HA
Routing table:
Green on tunnel 1
Orange on tunnel 2
Tunnel 2
AP
BS
802.11p
Routing policies
2G/3G
Bindings:
HoA - CoA1
HoA - CoA2
MNN2
MNP::LFN2Id
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
9
home.net
Tunnel 1
Routing table:
Green on tunnel 1
Orange on tunnel 2
MNN1
MNP::LFN1Id
Home Network
CALM Implementations
AR1
Access
Netwok
AR2
3G RAN
Access
Network
Combined Antenna Pod
Navigation System
CME
NME
Internet
Application
Traffic
Management
Socket
TCP/UDP
Socket
UDP
CALM Routing
Laptop
IPv6
IME
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
10
On board Mobile Router (CALM Modem)
In-Vehicle Network
CME
NME
IME
CALM Routing
IPv6 + Mobile IPv6 + MCoA + NEMO
In-Vehicle
Network
CALM
M5
Convergence
Convergence
Convergence
GPRS
DSRC
GPS
CALM Implementations
Navigation System
CME
NME
Baskseat screen
Internet
Application
Traffic
Management
Socket
TCP/UDP
Socket
UDP
CALM Routing
Internet
Application
CME
Socket
TCP/UDP
In-Vehicle Network
IW
CALM
OEM
In-Vehicle
Application
Sensor
IVN
IVN
IVN
IVN
In-Vehicle
Network
IME
In-Vehicle CALM Network
OEM Network
On board Mobile Router 2 (CALM Modem)
CME
CALM Routing
IPv6 + Mobile IPv6 + MCoA + NEMO
IVN
Convergence
Convergence
GPRS
DSRC
Combined Antenna Pod
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
10
On board Mobile Router 1 (CALM Modem)
CME
NME
IME
Sensors
Display/Calculator
CALM
Routing
NME
IPv6
IME
Firewall
Directory
Services
CALM Routing
NME
IPv6 + Mobile IPv6 + MCoA + NEMO
Convergence
IME
IVN
CALM
M5
GPS
Combined Antenna Pod
CALM management plan: Routing application flow
CME select best
suited media for each
application/flow
CME gives selected
interface ids
NME give the
description of
available interfaces
and media
IME notifies NME with
available media
CME registers
requests comming
from applications
CALM
Management
SAP
Entity
(CME)
NME set routing
policies
Applications
SAP
SAP
Network
Management
SAP
Entity
(NME)
SAP
Network Interface
IPv6, Mobile IPv6 & NEMO
Media selection enforcement
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Interface
CALM
CALM
CALM
CALM
Management
medium
medium
medium
medium
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Entity
1
2
3
4
(IME)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
11
CALM management plan: Routing application flow
CME select best
suited media for each
application/flow
CME gives selected
interface ids
NME give the
description of
available interfaces
and media
IME notifies NME with
available media
CME registers
requests comming
from applications
CALM
Management
SAP
Entity
(CME)
NME set routing
policies
CALM Management Entity
(CME)
Applications
Applications
SAP
Network
Management
SAP
Entity
(NME)
SAP
Applications
SAP Needs
(QoS, Cost, ...)
Network Interface
IPv6, Mobile IPv6 & NEMO
Media
Media
selection enforcement
IME
(Through
SAP NME)SAP
Description
SAP
(QoS, Cost, ...)
Media
Selection
SAP
Interface
CALM
CALM
CALM
CALM
Management
medium
medium
medium
medium
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Entity
1
2
3
4
(IME)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
11
CALM management plan: Routing application flow
CME select best
suited media for each
application/flow
CME gives selected
interface ids
NME give the
description of
available interfaces
and media
IME notifies NME with
available media
CME registers
requests comming
from applications
CALM
Management
SAP
Entity
(CME)
NME set routing
policies
Applications
SAP
SAP
Network
Management
SAP
Entity
(NME)
SAP
Network Interface
IPv6, Mobile IPv6 & NEMO
Media selection enforcement
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Interface
CALM
CALM
CALM
CALM
Management
medium
medium
medium
medium
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Entity
1
2
3
4
(IME)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
11
CALM management plan: Routing application flow
CME select best
suited media for each
application/flow
CME gives selected
interface ids
NME give the
description of
available interfaces
and media
IME notifies NME with
available media
CME registers
requests comming
from applications
CALM
Management
SAP
Entity
(CME)
NME set routing
policies
Applications
SAP
SAP
Network
Management
SAP
Entity
(NME)
SAP
Network Interface
IPv6, Mobile IPv6 & NEMO
Media selection enforcement
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Interface
CALM
CALM
CALM
CALM
Management
medium
medium
medium
medium
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Entity
1
2
3
4
(IME)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
11
CALM management plan: Routing application flow
CME select best
suited media for each
application/flow
CME gives selected
interface ids
NME give the
description of
available interfaces
and media
IME notifies NME with
available media
CME registers
requests comming
from applications
CALM
Management
SAP
Entity
(CME)
NME set routing
policies
Applications
SAP
SAP
Network
Management
SAP
Entity
(NME)
SAP
Network Interface
IPv6, Mobile IPv6 & NEMO
Media selection enforcement
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Interface
CALM
CALM
CALM
CALM
Management
medium
medium
medium
medium
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Entity
1
2
3
4
(IME)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
11
CALM management plan: Routing application flow
CME select best
suited media for each
application/flow
CME gives selected
interface ids
NME give the
description of
available interfaces
and media
IME notifies NME with
available media
CME registers
requests comming
from applications
CALM
Management
SAP
Entity
(CME)
NME set routing
policies
Applications
SAP
SAP
Network
Management
SAP
Entity
(NME)
SAP
Network Interface
IPv6, Mobile IPv6 & NEMO
Media selection enforcement
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Interface
CALM
CALM
CALM
CALM
Management
medium
medium
medium
medium
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
Entity
1
2
3
4
(IME)
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
11
What is missing in current standards?
o exchange inside the on-board network
AR1
Access
Netwok
AR2
3G RAN
Access
Network
Network
capabilities
and other
characteristics
AR1
Access
Netwok
Laptop
IP Softphone
Application
requirements
12
Access
Network
QoS perceived ?
Mapping ?
Laptop
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
AR2
3G RAN
IP Softphone
What is missing in current standards?
o exchange between multiple stakeholders
involved in decision making
Final User
Operator
Applications
Car Manufacturer
Applications Policy
Decision
Modules
Flow Routing Policy
Interface Management
Policy
Environment
Mobile Network
Administrator
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
13
Enforcement
Modules
The LoCoSS project (Brittany)
o Leverage on public wireless
infrastructures to providing
Internet connectivity to
Firemen in operation
• Cost reduction
• Automatic interfaces
management
SDIS
Internet (IPv6)
Centre de sercours
GGSN
3G RAN
AR1
WiFi
Access
Netwok
Laptop
AR2
WiMAX
Access
Network
IP Softphone
o Nested NEMO to improve
availability
• Integrate service
differentiation
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
14
Laptop
IP Softphone
The REMORA project: combining policies
o Adaptive applications
support in NEMO
• Distributed vs.
centralized
o Smart routing decision
• Operator policies
support
• Context awareness
• User preferences
Mobile Network
Administrator
Final User
Weighting
Applications
Priority
Clipping
Potential
User Modes
15
Network
List
Environment Network
Monitor
Monitor
Current Context
Available Networks
Decontextualization
Clipped Flow
Requirements
Current Mode
Weighted
Manufacturer
Policy
Network List
relative to current
context
Decision : First Step
Decision : Second Step
Current
Flow/Tunnel
Mapping
Application
Management
Policy
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
Operator
or Car Manufacturer
Interface
Management
Policy
Flow
Routing
Policy
Conclusion & perspectives
o Current ITS market
• Communications
—Different proprietary solutions/communication systems
—Open the market to reduce the cost and free the innovation
o IPv6 is not just an option for wide deployment
• IPv4 would limit the development of an ecosystem
—Service and connectivity providers would be bind together
o ISO defines the CALM architecture
• Use IETF open standards (IPv6, NEMO)
o Multiple ITS stakeholders have to take part in the
decision making
• routing decision, interfaces management
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
16
Questions / Comments ?
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
The ANEMONE project
o
FP6 STREP
• First large-scal e IPv6 mobility-oriented testbed in Europe
• http://www.ist-anemone.eu
o
Variety of test sites
• Wide-area outdoor & Indoor
• Types: Campus / Metropolitan
o
Multiple IPv6 access technologies
• 802.11 a/b/g, HiperLan, UMTS, GPRS,
WiMAX
o
Mobility services
• NEMO / MIP6 / MCoA
• HA (with HA-HA)
o
IPv6 multimedia services
• Web, Voice over IP, IP TV, Video on Demand
• Experimental IP Multimedia Subsystem
o
Security & Access control mechanisms
• TLS / IPsec
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
18
The ANEMONE platform
Mobile Operator
Services
iPBX
SER
MultiMedia
Content Delivery
Server
GGSN
Internet
Service Platform
Packet
Switched core
network
DNS Network
Services
Core Network
DHCP
3G RAN
Access Networks
Terminals
Mobiles Networks
HA
802.11b/g
Access
Network
Laptop
IP Softphone
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
19
802.11a or
BT Access
Network
Labo4G
802.11abg
Access
Network
ENST Bretagne
802.16
Access
Network
Other Partner
When beginning to work with IPv6?
o Now !
• Strong incentives from EC to move to IPv6 in research project
and in deployment
o IPv4 address space exhaustion date has been recently revised
• IANA count down has been set to January 2011
— http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/
— http://xkcd.com/c195.html
— http://www.arin.net/statistics/statistics.pdf
— http://www.arin.net/announcements/20070521.html
o Deployment and ITS related development
• Do consider IPv6 in the early stage of the design
• Large testbed and operational IPv6 network are available
• IPv6-only services could start very fast
• All new application development should be IPv6 compliant
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
20
IPv6 initiatives in France
o French academics have been involved in the IETF specifications
since the very beginning
• INRIA has developed the first IPv6 stack
o G6
• Association set up 10 years ago to ease IPv6 deployment between
universities
• IPv6 is fully operational within RENATER
• IPv6 training (tutorial)
• IPv6 book (in French)
o IPv6 task force France
• Launched at the Sénat in September 2002
• Part of the G6 since 2007: http://www.g6.asso.fr/tff
• Still not enough involvement from the industry
The Fully Networked Car
Geneva, 4-5 March 2009
21