WORKSHOP ON NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS
AND APPLICATIONS
(Athens, Greece, 8 May 2009)
Architectural Overview
of ITU-T NGN
(including Future Vision)
Chaesub Lee
Chairman of ITU-T SG 13
Athens, Greece, 8 May 2009
Content
1. NGN Architectures
2. IPv6 NGN
3. Future Vision
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
5. Conclusion
Athens, Greece, 8 May 2009
1. NGN Architectures
Definition of NGN
ITU-T
Rec.
Y.2001
Next Generation Network (NGN):
a packet-based network able to provide
telecommunication services and able to make
use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled
transport technologies and in which servicerelated functions are independent from
underlying transport-related technologies.
It enables unfettered access for users to
networks and to competing service providers
and/or services of their choice. It supports
generalized mobility which will allow
consistent and ubiquitous provision of
services to users.
Athens, Greece, 8 May 2009
1. NGN Architectures
NGN in 4 words…
• by Fixed
• by Mobile
• by Wireless
NGN = Broadband Managed IP Network
• for Services
• for Businesses
• for Players
• for Users
1. NGN Architectures
Key Principles of NGN
 Open architecture: open to support service creation,
service updating, and incorporation of service logic
provision by third parties and also support “Distributed
control” as well as enhanced security and protection.
 Independent provisioning: service provision process should
be separated from network operation by using distributed,
open control mechanism to promote competition.
 Multiplicity: The NGN functional architecture shall offer
the configuration flexibility needed to support multiple
access technologies.
Athens, Greece, 8 May 2009
1. NGN Architectures
NGN architecture overview (Rec. Y.2012)
Applications
ANI
Management Functions
Application Support Functions & Service Support Functions
Service User
Profiles
Service Control
Functions
Service stratum
Network Attachment
Control Functions
Transport User
Profiles
End-User
Functions
Resource and
Admission
Control Functions
Other
Networks
Transport Control Functions
Transport Functions
UNI
NNI
Transport stratum
Control
Media
Management
Note: UNI/NNI/ANI are not meant to represent any specific interfaces.
1. NGN Architectures
Resource and Admission Control Functions
Service Control Functions
Service Stratum
Rp
Network Attachment
Control Functions
intradomain
interdomain
Rd
Transport
Resource
Control
Function
Ru
Rt
Policy
Decision
Function
Ri
RACF
Other NGNs
Rs
Transport Stratum
Rc
Rn
Transport
Enforcement
Function
Rw
Transport Functions
o Policy Decision Function
service facing, transport independent
o Transport Resource Control Function
service independent, transport dependent,
network-segment specific
o Policy Enforcement Function
typically part of border transport elements
Policy
Enforcement
Function
RACF
 Augments native transport QoS support
Preempting transport congestion at the
service control layer
 Protecting ongoing premium traffic

1. NGN Architectures
High Level Requirements of NACF
 Dynamic provision of IP address and other user
equipment configuration parameters
(e.g. using DHCP).
 User authentication, prior or during the IP
address allocation procedure.
 Authorization of network access, based on
user profile.
 Access network configuration, based on user
profile.
 Location management.
1. NGN Architectures
Functional Architecture of NACF
Service Control Functions
Service Stratum
Transport Stratum
NACF
NACF
TC-Ux
S-TC1
HGWC-FE
Nc
TAA-FE
TAA-FE
PD-FE
Ne
Nk
Na
NAC-FE
Nd
AM-FE
CPE
TC-T1
AR-FE
Transport Functions
Transport Functions
NAC-FE (Network Access Control Functional Entity)
AM-FE (Access Management Functional Entity)
TLM-FE (Transport Location Management Functional Entity)
TAA-FE (Transport Authentication and Authorization Functional Entity)
TUP-FE (Transport User Profile Functional Entity)
HGWC-FE (Home GateWay Configuration Functional Entity)
AR-FE (Access Relay Functional Entity)
Other NGNs
TLM-FE
TUP-FE
Nb
TC-TC1
Nh
TUP-FE
TC-U1
Ng
RACF
RACF
1. NGN Architectures
Key Features of NGN Functions
Service delivery
platform making use of
NGN easily
Applications
Service Stratum
A variety of
mobile and fixed
terminals and
their profile
management
targeting at FMC
Application Support Functions and
Application
Functions
Service Support
Functions
S. User
Profile
Functions
Other NGN Service
Components
Service
Control
Functions
Legacy
Terminals
Legacy
Terminals
Customer
Networks
NGN
Terminals
End-User
Functions
IP Multimedia
Component
IP Multimedia
&PSTN/ISDN
Simulation
Service Component
GW
GW
Network Attachment
Network Access
T. User
User
Control Functions
Profile
Profile Attachment
(NACF)
Functions
Functions
Functions
AccessTransport
Network
Access
Functions
Functions
Edge
Functions
Resource and Admission
Control Functions
(RACF)
Re-use and
adaptation of
3GPP IMS to
provide
multimedia
services
Other Networks
PSTN/ISDN Emulation
Service Component
Evolution
scenario of PSTN
and short-term
solution
A unified IP network
with improved security
and QoS
Core Transport
Core transport
Functions
Functions
Transport Stratum
Border gateways
* Note: Gateway (GW) may Media
exist in either
Transportto
Stratum or End-User
processing
Broadband access
able
Functions.
enabling secure
assist content delivery
to provide IPTV
interworking
1. NGN Architectures
Definition of IPTV
IPTV is defined as multimedia services such as
television/video/ audio/text/graphics/data delivered over
IP based networks managed to provide the required level
of QoS/QoE, security, interactivity and reliability
• Multimedia Services
• Over IP based networks
More than
TV distribution
IP
• Managed capabilities
QoS/QoE, Security
Interactivity, Reliability
Athens, Greece, 8 May 2009
Scope
Of
IPTV
1. NGN Architectures
NGN as an Infrastructure for IPTV
TV
QoS, Traffic control, Security,
X-casting, Accounting etc.
IP
802.xx
Access
Cable
Domain 1
IntServ
Domain 2 Domain 3
DiffServ
MPLS-TE
Domain 4
Over-Prov
xDSL
Multi-Service Packet Transport
NGN
2G/3G
Wireless
Integrated QoS, Traffic control,
Security, Multi services etc.
2. Why need IPv6 based NGN
2. IPv6 NGN
Relationship between NGN and IP
 NGN, by definition, is identified an infrastructure using
packet technologies.
• There is no specific mention which packet technology NGN
should use, but generally assuming IP as a dominant packet
technology today.
• There are also no specific statement to specify the version of IP
such as ‘version 4’, ‘version 6’ or ‘version 9,’ but most parts of
NGN related ITU-T RECs are mainly assumed ‘version 4’
 ITU-T has been initiated the study on ‘Impacts of IPv6
into the NGN’ which looks for the usage of IPv6 features
into the NGN.
• ITU-T SG 13 Q.7 has been developed 4 draft RECs on IPv6 based
NGN.
2. Why need IPv6 based NGN
2. IPv6 NGN
IPv6 Drive
Ubiquitous network
 Grid networking
 Mobile computing
 Integration of Wireless and Wireline
 Home Appliances
 Peer-2-Peer applications
 Virtual Private Networks
 Multi-user gaming
 Internet-enable new devices
 Military applications
1. Key Feature of IPv6
2. IPv6 NGN
IPv4… it looks like…
1. Key Feature of IPv6
2. IPv6 NGN
Possible solutions
 Lack of IP addresses: efficient use of v4 but move to
v6
 Reliability
• Improve bandwidth: xDSL, Optics etc.
• Managed Routing: MPLS etc.
 Quality of Service: Managed by SLA, Session based
 Security: being developed now but intrinsic
difficulties
 Mobility: Mobile/Wireless accesses, Mobile IP
 Configurability: Auto-configuration functions
4. Requirements
2. IPv6 NGN
and Architecture
Requirements of IPv6 based NGN
 General requirements of IPv6–based NGN are identified requirements
which influenced by IPv6 features
 IPv6 based NGN shall share NGN R1 requirements generally
 Further requirements according to IPv6 features identified as IPv6
requirements
 IPv6 related requirements would be incorporated into NGN R2
requirements
General Requirements of IPv6 based NGN
• IPv6 based NGN shall accommodate the IPv6 addressing schemes.
• IPv6-enabled FEs should differentiate the control information
from the IPv6 packets.
• IPv6-based NGN shall support the address transition and
interworking without affecting the service provided to users.
• IPv6-based NGN shall support the IPv6 extension headers
and options.
3. Definition and Scope
2. IPv6 NGN
Scope of IPv6 based NGN
IPv6 based service/application
Application
IPv6
xDSL Access
IPv6
Enabled
End-User
Functions
Service Stratum
Mobile Access
Wireless Access (WiMAX)
Core Network
Fiber Access
IPv6 based IP Connectivity
Enabled
Processing
4. Requirements and Architecture
2. IPv6 NGN
Relationship with other networks
2a
IPv6-based
2b
NGN2
IPv6-based
IPv6-based
1b
1a
IPv6-based
IPv4-based
NGN1
2c
3c
IPv4-based
IPv4-based
3b
IPv4-based
1c
3a
4b
4c
Non-NGN
IPv6-based
IPv4-based
4a
IPv6-based
Group 1
Intra-NGN Communication
Group 2
Inter-NGN Communication
Group 3
Group 4
Interworking with Non-NGN
Interworking between Non-NGN
3. Future Vision
Overall Future Directions
3. Future Vision
Clue for the Future Preparation
Future should direct to the Convergence
• Vision: Any Time, Any Where, Any Services and
Any Devices
• FMC should be the 1st instantiation
• 2nd should be the IPTV
• Any information/services over any transport
infrastructures: VoDSL, TVoMobile, etc.
Convergence classifies into following:
• Internal Convergences (within a industry): FMC,
IPTV and others
• External Convergences: between/among different
industries, e.g., Telematics/ITS, USN, e-Health,
Networked Robotics and others
The vision of ubiquitous networking
3. Future Vision
Services on the Convergences
• Always on with Any devices
• Anytime, anywhere and in any form
• Voice and multimedia
• Self service, intuitive
• Simple for the end user
• Secure, trusted and reliable
3. Future Vision
Extension of “Quality of Service”
Meaningful QoS over NGUN
Services over ‘Connecting to Anything’
Quality of
Personalization
• One-stop Service
• Service AAA
• Personalized service
Open/Control
Quality of Security
Quality of Mobility
• Network AAA;
• RT Mobility control
• Service Continuity
control
• Security support
Terminal, User,
Mobility, Access etc.
Need further study in more details
Quality of Media
• End-End QoS
• QoS Monitoring
• Service Policy handover
3. Future Vision
Physical Communication Infrastructure
Full Converged
MM Terminal
Radio/Wireless
Spectrum:
fi
Wave Length:
λi
3. Future Vision
Logical Communication Infrastructure
Mobile Phone Nr
Fixed Phone Nr
User Id:
Earth-KoreaMan:LeeChaesub
-19yy-mm-dd
WiFi/WiBro Id
- Certified by UN -
Cable/IPTV Id
Internet Id
3. Future Vision
Business Communication Infrastructure
Fixed Phone
Mobile
Phone
One Integrated
Bill
WiFi
WiBro
Internet
Cable/IPTV
3. Future Vision
Key theme of Future Control Plane: Identity Processing
User ID
Customer ID
Service ID
Mobile
Phone Nr
Comm. ID
Content
Owner ID
Provider ID
Family 1
User Id:
Earth-KoreaMan:LeeChaesub
-19yy-mm-dd
- Certified by UN -
Family 2
Family 3
Fixed
Phone Nr
WiFi
WiBro
Id
Cable/
IPTV
Id
Media ID
Session ID
TCP/UDP
Port ID
IP Address
ATM/Ether
net ID
MAC ID
E.164 ID
Family 4
Internet
Id
Line ID
3. Future Vision
Key theme of Future Management Plane: ABC Processing
Accounting:
Billing:
Charging:
C
D
Mobile Ph
Mobile
Ph
A
MobileFixed
Ph
MobileFixed
Ph Ph Ph
Fixed Ph
WiFi/WiBro
Fixed Ph
WiFi/WiBro
WiFi/WiBro
IPTV
WiFi/WiBro
IPTV
IPTV Internet
IPTV Internet
Internet
Internet
B
Providers
Set of functions required for Usage Metering,
Charging and Billing (ITU-T Rec. Q.825)
Administrative function to prepare bills to
service customers, to prompt payments, to
obtain revenues and to take care of
customer reclaims (ITU-T Rec. Q.825)
The set of functions needed to determine the price
assigned to the service utilization (ITU-T Rec. Q.825)
4
Mobile Ph
2
Mobile
Ph
1
MobileFixed
Ph
MobileFixed
Acc Ph Ph
Fixed Ph
WiFi/WiBro
Fixed Acc
WiFi/WiBro
WiFi/WiBro
WiFi/WiBro IPTV
IPTV
Acc
IPTV Internet
IPTV Acc
Internet
Internet
3
Internet Acc
Family Account
4
Mobile Ph
2
Mobile
Ph
1
MobileFixed
Ph
MobileFixed
Chg Ph Ph
Fixed Ph
WiFi/WiBro
Fixed Chg
WiFi/WiBro
WiFi/WiBro
WiFi/WiBro IPTV
IPTV
Chg
IPTV Internet
IPTV Chg
Internet
Internet
3
Int.
Bill
(1 or 2)
: User
Conv.
Internet Chg
Family Charging
Billing and Bill
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Vision and Goals of NGUN
Vision
• Everything of value is connected to the network
• Physical mobility & Service mobility
Goals
• Widespread interconnection of computing and
communication devices
• Pervasive networks that include both wireline and
wireless segments
• Mobile-to-fixed; mobile-to-mobile architectures
• Includes public and private information spaces
• Embedded intelligence, anywhere and anytime
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Key Requirements for NGUN
• More connectivity for whenever, whoever,
wherever, whatever, etc;
• More reality for subconscious connectivity to
provide connectable real world environments;
• More intelligence for innovative communication
to accelerate value creation.
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Definition of Ubiquitous in ITU-T
“The term used for networking capabilities to
support various classes of applications/services
which require “Any Services, Any Time, Any Where
and Any Devices” operation using NGN enabled
capabilities. This networking capability should
support human-to-human, human-to-object (e.g.,
device and/or machine) and object-to-object
communications.”
Temporary definition in ITU-T Draft Rec. Y.NGN-UbiNet:
‘Overview and Principles for Ubiquitous Networking in NGN’
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Four Key Technology Enablers
Tagging Things: RFID
• enabling real-time identification and tracking
Sensing Things: Sensor technologies
• enabling detection of environmental status and sensory
information
Thinking Things: Smart technologies
• building intelligence into the edges of the network
• enabling smart homes, smart vehicles etc
Shrinking Things: Nanotechnology
• making possible the “networking” of smaller and smaller objects
(more powerful?!)
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Basic conceptual Model of NGUN
PC
TV
Home
Electronics
Human-to-Object
Communication
Vehicl
e
PDA
Human-toHuman
Communication
NGN
Database
, Web,
applicati
on server
RFID tag
Humans
with
Attached
Devices
Camera
Object-toObject
Communication
Wearable
PC
Mobile
Phone
Sensor
s
Home server,
gateway
Human-to-Object
Communication
Smart
Card
Ubiquitous Networking
Telematics,
Navigation
Device
Medical
Device
Objects (Remote
Monitoring and
Information
Devices)
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Technologies for NGUN
Ultra-small One-Chip
Components, RFID, Sensors,
Smart Things
IPv6, Security, Seamless
Network, QoS over
Heterogeneous Networks,
Sensor Networks
Personalized Services,
Content Distribution,
Steaming Data Distribution,
Digital Rights Management
Devices
Network
Contents,
Services
New PDA’s for Ubiquitous
Environments,
Digital Home Appliances,
Wearable Computers
Applications
Ubiquitous
Networking
Infrastructure
Impacts
Ubiquitous Society, Mobility
vs. Ubiquity, Business
Models, Government
Regulations
High Performance
Computing, 3G-2-4G, ISO
Standards
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Functional Architecture of NGUN based on NGN
4. NGU(Ubiquitous)N(Networking)
Identity Processing for NGUN
Layered
Architecture
Applications
(Human, Objects)
Ubiquitous Identity
Processing
User/Object
Identities
Name
(Attributes)
Identification/
Authorization
Services
(Service stratum)
Service IDs
RFID, Content ID,
Telephone
number,
URL/URI, etc
Mapping/
Binding
Networks
(Transport stratum)
Communication
IDs
Session/Protocol ID,
IP Address,
MAC Address, etc
Ubiquitous Networking
Services
Identity Management
Services
Context-Aware Services
Location Management
Services
Directory Services,
Domain Name Services
Networked ID Services
Overview of IPv6 based NGN5. Conclusion
NGN: Currently IP based …
 IPv6-based NGN: This is a NGN which support addressing,
routing protocol and mechanisms of IPv6
 IPv4-based NGN: This is a NGN which support addressing,
routing protocol and mechanisms of IPv4
 IPv6-based Non-NGN: This is an IPv6 based packet network
which is not comply with NGN
 IPv4-based Non-NGN: This is an IPv4 based packet network
which is not comply with NGN
ASTAPXX/FRXX/XX/XX
NGN
Non-NGN
IPv4 based
IPv4 based
IPv6 based
IPv6 based
5. Conclusion
NGN: Enabler for Convergence
Business/Application oriented projects
Limited
Services
BE IP
Limited BB
FMC
N
G
N
•Simple linkage btw layers
•Simple business relationships
•Simple players
RFID
IPTV
Others
Managed IP
Converged Broadband
•Simple linkage btw layers with dynamics
•Diverse and Flexible business relationships
•Diverse business models and players
5. Conclusion
NGN: Changing Regulation Frameworks
Pre-NGN
Video
Services
(TV, movie,
etc)
Telephone
Services
Data
Services
(WWW,
e-mail, etc)
Video
Services
Network
Telephone
Services
Network
Data
Services
Network
Transport Agnostic
Access Agnostic
Service-based Pol./Reg.
Voice Internet Video
MM
Access Network
Provider Domain
Pol.
Reg.
ANP 1 (DSL)
Service/Application
Provider Domain
SP SP SP
1 2 3
SP
m
ANP 2 (DSL)
IP (Future Packet ?) Platform
ANP 3 (Opt)
Pol. X
Reg. x
xDSL/Optic based Fixed-Mobile
Resource-based Pol./Reg.
User
ANP N (Cable)
CNP
1
CNP
2
CNP
3
Core Network
Provider Domain
Thank you for
your attention !!!