International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue5- May 2013
J.D.Prathusha
#1
, K.S.Roy
#2
, Mahaboob Ali
*3
#
Dept. of ECE, K.L.University
Guntur, India
* Vyas Informatics
Hyderabad, India
Abstract--- This paper explains mainly about how to find out the vehicle location when met with an accident using GPS,
ADXL sensor to release Air bag and sending message for aid using
GSM.
GPS and the position of the vehicle is also send to the mobile in terms of latitude and longitude which is processed by the computer.
An automobile remote alarm system based on GSM communication network is introduced. The TC35 GSM module and ADXL sensor is combined with the system, vibration sensor and speed sensor are used to achieve short message service (SMS) .
The shortcoming of traditional systems including low security and small alarming range is overcome, and the cost of this system is decrease, so it should have good application prospects.
II.BLOCK DIAGRAM
Vehicle tracking system is one of the latest topics in embedded systems industry. Where a vehicle can be tracked anywhere on the globe. Here ARM LPC1768 communicates with
GPS module and GSM modem. Which would be placed in a moving vehicle. The ARM LPC1768 will poll GPS module in prefixed intervals and sends the vehicle location information like
Latitude & Longitude to central station over GSM network.
When ever any accident occurs ADXL sensor detects the vibration of the vehicle and sends mechanical force to ARM lpc1768. Using GPS, we will get particular location where accident occurs, then GSM sends message to authorized members & 108.
Keywords--GSM Module, GPS Module , ADXL, ARM LPC1768
I. INTRODUCTION
Now-a-days, it has became very difficult to know that an accident has occurred and to locate the position where it has happened. It is very difficult for the lives of victims until anyone noticed and informed it to the ambulance or to any hospital and if it occurs in remote areas there will be no hope to survive. To overcome these, GSM and GPS technologies are used. The GPS based vehicle accident identification module contains a vibrating sensor and a GPS modem connected to the microcontroller(lpc 1768). When an accident occurs, the vibration sensor gives the signal to the microcontroller(lpc
1768), which sends the information through GSM network to the mobile. The vehicle is tracked for every five minutes using
III.WORKING
The main aim of the project is to design an ARM based
GSM and GPS accident detection system and release of air bags.
In this project LPC 1768 processor is used. When an accident occurs, ADXL gets disturbed and sends output signal to the processor LPC1768 so that the location is identified using GPS.
The ARM 7 processor requires 3.3 volts of power supply, so a step down transformer of 230/18V is used to get the
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue5- May 2013 required Alternative Current(AC) output. To convert that
Alternative Current(AC) supply to Direct Current supply will be done by using rectifier. Direct Current(DC) output consists of ripples, to remove those ripples we use filter capacitors. To get output voltages of +5v & +12v we are using voltage regulators 7805 & 7812. Finally 3.3v is given to the ARM 7 processor for functioning. bit wide memory interface and a unique accelerator architecture enable 32-bit code execution at the maximum clock rate.
B.GSM Modem:
ARM 7 processor consists of two modes of operation i.e; program mode and run mode.The first mode that is Program mode is used for dumping of the program into ARM 7 processor from any external device such as computer and the
Run mode is used for the execution of program. For the purpose of accident detection we use run mode of operation. When an accident occurs disturbance is created in ADXL sensor which indicates a change in an angle of X-Co-Ordinate gives an analog signal output. We make use of three pins of ADXL sensor namely X-Co-Ordinate pin1,read pin2,write pin3. X-Co-
Ordinate pin is used for the indication of change in angle; read pin gives the information or data to the ARM 7 processor.
.
Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) is an open, digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice services and data services.
When an ARM 7 processor reads the signal from ADXL sensor it indicates that an accident has been occurred .in order to locate the spot of accident we use GPS, here the output of GSM and
GPS is given to MAX-232 .MAX-232 is a level converter which changes RS-232 to TTL and vice-versa. Because the LPC 1768 understands TTL format. When accident occurs GPS is activated and it gives the values of location in terms of Latitude and Longitude.
The role of gsm modem in this project is when the accident occurs it sends the sms to the authorized members. GSM supports voice calls and data transfer speeds of up to 9.61 kbit/s, together with the transmission of SMS (Short Message Service).
1)Basics of working and specifications of gsm:
For eg:
Accident occurred at location of
Latitude=1641.4095
The GSM architecture is a network of computers. The system has to divide available frequency and assign only that part of the frequency spectrum to any base transreceiver station and also has to reuse the frequency as often as possible.
Longitude=1725.3602
The same above values are sent to the mobiles using GSM for which the mobile numbers are dumped in the program.
Immediately after the accident detection, the air bag is released.
Release of air bag is shown by glowing LED.
GSM was originally defined for the 900 MHz range but after even the 1800 MHz range was used for cellular technology. The
1800 MHz range has its architecture and specifications almost same to that of the 900 MHz GSM technology but building the
Mobile exchanges is easier and the high frequency Synergy effects add to the advantages of the 1800 MHz range.
Hence by using ADXLsensor,GSM and GPS accident location is detected and the information is sent to the mobile
C. Global positioning system (GPS):
IV.HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
A.ARM based LPC 2148:
The LPC 1768 microcontrollers are based on a 32/16 bit
ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation and embedded trace support, that combines the microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory ranging from 32 kB to 512 kB. A 128-
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based radio navigation system that provides reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to users on a continuous worldwide basis -- freely available to all. For anyone with a GPS receiver, the system will provide location and time.
GPS provides accurate location and time information for an
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4Issue5- May 2013 unlimited number of people in all weather, day and night, anywhere in the world.
The GPS is made up of three parts:
1. Satellites which are orbiting the Earth
2. Control and monitoring stations on the Earth
3. The GPS receivers owned by the users.
1)GPS Receivers:
It is used in Ambulance, Fire engines, VIP
Vehicles, Defense, Security etc.
VI.ADVANTAGES




It is Easy to operate
Sophisticated security
Simple and Reliable Design
Isolates both GSM and GPS signals.
 location, speed, direction, and time are determined by GPS receivers.
 To locate the receiver in 3D space three satellite signals are necessary
 for time accuracy 4 th
satellite is used.
 Position is calculated with in sub-centimeter scale
The role of GPS in this project is to track the vehicle for every 5 minutes and position of vehicle is sent to mobile.
D.ADXL Sensor:
The ADXL335 sensor is a small, low power, complete
3-axis accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs.
The sensor measures acceleration with a minimum full-scale range of ±3 g . the sensor can measure the static acceleration of gravity in tilt-sensing applications, as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration.
The user selects the bandwidth of the accelerometer using the
CX, CY, and CZ capacitors at the XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins. Bandwidths can be selected to suit the application, with a range of 0.5 Hz to 1600 Hz for the X and Y axes, and a range of
0.5 Hz to 550 Hz for the Z axis.
VII.CONCLUSION
We have observed the performance of accident detection and release of air bags using GPS, GSM and ADXL. It helps not only in finding the location of vehicle but also it is helpful in saving the lives of victims by finding where an accident has happened. It can also be used in Vehicles, Ambulances, and Fire engines etc. for the purpose of accident detection. By releasing the airbags we can save the victims from major injuries. Finally we can say that the project has many advantages and hence it can be used.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT:
I am grateful to Mr. Sripath Roy and Mr. Mahaboob Ali for their contribution in preparing this paper.
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V. APPLICATIONS
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