COORDINATION OF EARTH STATIONS
WITH RESPECT TO TERRESTRIAL STATIONS /
OTHER EARTH STATIONS
1
Coordination requirements
GSO Satellites
Non-GSO
Satellites
Transmitting
Earth Station
Interference
Terrestrial
Receiving
Earth Station
Why ?
COORDINATION OF EARTH STATIONS
Volume No.1
Article 5
Article 9
Region 1
___________________
5850 - 5925 MHz
All Regions
___________________
6700 - 7075 MHz
FIXED
FIXED-SATELLITE
(Earth-to-space) ↑
MOBILE
FIXED
FIXED-SATELLITE
(Earth-to-space) ↑
(space-to-Earth) ↓
MOBILE
Provisions : 9.6, 9.15, 9.17, 9.17A, 9.21
Volume No.2
Appendix 7
Appendix 5
Coordination area :
Appendix 4
Coordination data to neighboring countries
(Vol. 1) Article 11
Notification in Master Register
When ?
Volumn No.1

Article 5
Region 1
___________________
5850 - 5925 MHz
FIXED
FIXED-SATELLITE
(Earth-to-space) ↑
equal rights
Space = Terrestrial
All Regions
___________________
6700 - 7075 MHz
FIXED-SATELLITE
(Earth-to-space) ↑
(space-to-Earth) ↓
opposite direction
Uplink = Downlink
• If coordination area includes the territory of another
country
PROVISIONS for effecting COORDINATION
9.6
9.11A/
9.15
Article 9
9.17
Administrations shall effect coordination before
notifying to the BR or brings into use
any
frequency assignment.
Coordination of a Specific or Typical Earth Station of
non-GSO in respect of Terrestrial Stations
(associated with Footnote - 9.11A)
Coordination of any Specific Earth Station or
Typical Mobile Earth Station in frequency bands
above 100 MHz, in respect of Terrestrial Stations,
with the exception of the coordination under 9.15
9.17A
Coordination of any Specific Earth Station in
respect of other Earth Stations operating in the
opposite direction of transmission (ODT), or any
Typical Mobile Earth Station in respect of Specific
Earth Station (ODT) *Rx E/S – No methodology in AP7
9.21
Specific Earth Station of a service required to seek
agreement of other administrations (under Footnotes)
Why AP7?
AP7
Anomalous (short-term) Interference
Propagation mechanisms
Common Volume
at the intersection of
the antenna main beams
Elevated layer
reflection/refraction
(h < x 100m)
Hydrometeor scatter
Tropospheric scatter
(>100km)
Ducting
(>500km)
Diffraction
(local)
Great-circle propagation
(Mode 1) – 4 Radio-Clim. zone
+
Hydrometeor scatter
(Mode 2) – 15 Rain zone A-Q
Simple button?
Computer Program for
Determination of Coordination Area
AP7 embedded in GIBC
C:\BR_SOFT\BATCH
Create your Input File
Report (p1) of AP7 (GIBC) program
Rcv GSO ES (FSS) w.r.t.
Terrestrial St (TS, FS, MS)
Freq: 3850-4200 GHz
Sat longitude : 18 W
Horizon Ele. Anagle : 0
Affected countries:
Countries included
in Coordination
Distance/Area
Automatic
indication
in AP7 report
Report (p2) of AP7 (GIBC) program
Tech. parameters of the planning E/S
Calculated parameters by 5° Azimuth
Coordination distance by 5° Azimuth
( 0 - 355º )
Probably Affected ADM
in AP7 report
How (Tx E/S)?
Azimuth xo
Max (
Great-circle propagation Hydrometeor scatter
(Mode 2)
(Mode 1)
,
(Mode1)
L(%)=Pt+Ge+Gx-Pr(%)
ex: Gx = 52 dBi, Pr(0.0025%) = -98 dBW/Hz for 12-14GHz
L(%)=Pt+Gx-Pr(%) (Mode2)
AP7 Table 7
Hydrometeor scatter
Great-circle propagation
Gx
Pr(p)
)
Gx
Pt * Ge
(10 to 123 Km/f) Minimum Coordination Distance
Maximum Calculation Distance (369/ Mode2 up to 1200 Km/ Mode1*Zone C)
Coordination area of Tx GSO E/S (FSS) with respect to
Rcv Terrestrial stations (FS)
15E
20E
ALB
10E
40N
40N
MLT
35N
35N
Freq: 5925 - 6425 GHz
Sat longitude : 1 W
Horizon Ele. Anagle : 0
Affected countries:
I LBY TUN
20E
How (Rcv E/S)?
Azimuth xo
Max (
)
(Mode1)
L(%)=Pt+Ge+Gx-Pr(%)
ex: Gx = 45 dBi, Pt= -3 dBW, p(0.0015%) for 10-12.75GHz
AP7 Table 8
Great-circle propagation Hydrometeor scatter
(Mode 2)
(Mode 1)
,
L(%)=Pt+Gx-Pr(%) (Mode2)
Hydrometeor scatter
Pt * Gx
Pr(p)
Ge
(10 to 123 Km/f) Minimum Coordination Distance
Maximum Calculation Distance (369/ Mode2 up to 1200 Km/ Mode1*Zone C)
Coordination area of Rcv GSO ES (FSS) with respect
to Tx Terrestrial stations (FS)
5E
10E
15E
20E
SRB
SMR
MCO
25E
BUL
MNE
CVA
I
40N
ALB
MKD
40N
GRC
MLT
35N
35N
TUN
Freq: 3700 - 4200 GHz
LBY
Sat longitude : 1 W
30N
30N
Horizon Ele. Anagle : 0
Affected countries:
ALB GRC I LBY TUN
5E
10E
15E
20E
Contour of Opposite direction 1
Appendix 7 - Annex 3 & 5 + Table 9
Worst Case
Scenario
(for Rx E/S)
• Horizon ele. angle (Rx E/S) = 0 °
• Orbit inclination = 0 °
• Anywhere in GSO orbit (> εmin )
• Same latitude with Tx E/S
• Find Min. separation
Angle of Rx E/S (for Azimuths)
• Calculate Distance with
Off Axis Rx Gain
AP7 Table 9
TRANSMITTING
EARTH STATION
Min. Separation Angle
+ Off Axis Rx Gain
Receiving
Earth Station
Contour of Opposite direction 2
Appendix 7 - Annex 5 + Table 9
Worst Case
Scenario
(as Mode1)
+
• Plane geometry approximation
• Rx E/S operates at Min. Ele. angle
• Beam intersection under Rain height
Apply Geometrical construction
• Min. Coor. Distance (for some Azimuths)
• two 6° sectors => worst-case distance
No auxiliary contours (No calculation)
N
- αw
3°
3°
demax
αw
hR
demax
3°
3°
ds
Tx E/S
• hR : rain height
• ds : horizontal distance
• αw : Azimuth to possible Rx E/S (by Latitudes, εmin)
• demax : Max calculation distance by hR
Coordination area of Tx GSO ES (FSS) with respect to
Rcv GSO ES (EESS)
Freq: 8025-8350 GHz
Sat longitude : 1 W
Horizon Ele. Anagle : 0
Affected countries:
I TUN
Coordination area of Tx NGSO ES (FSS) with respect
to Rcv GSO ES (EESS)
0
5E
50N
10E
50N
LUX
Earth station (NGSO)
No Mode2 contours
D
Tracking Antenna reduce
the probability of Mode2.
SUI
F
LIE
I
45N
45N
Main Mode 1
SMR
MCO
Aux. Mode 1
AND
0
5E
10E
Coordination Area of Mobile Earth Stations
For a mobile earth station,
the periphery of the service area is extended by the
coordination distance (calculated or predetermined).
Calculated
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Mobile Earth Station
Service Area
. .
.
.
..
.
.
Coordination Area
Predetermined Coordination distance
(Table 10 of Appendix 7)
AP7 Table 10
Predetermined
Typical, 100Km
125E
(Example Adm: KOR)
Typical, 400Km
130E
120E
125E
130E
Typical, 580Km
Typical, 500Km
135E
115E
120E
125E
130E
135E
140E
115E
120E
125E
130E
135E
140E
45N
40N
45N
40N
KRE
40N
40N
KRE
40N
40N
KRE
40N
40N
KRE
KOR
J
KOR
35N
35N
J
KOR
35N
KOR
35N 35N
35N
35N
35N
J
CHN
CHN
J
30N
30N
125E
130E
120E
Typical, 1000Km
105E
110E
115E
120E
125E
130E
135E
140E
125E
130E
135E
120E
45N
105E
150E
110E
115E
120E
125E
130E
135E
140E
145E
125E
130E
135E
120E
Specific, 100Km
Typical, 1080Km
145E
30N
30N
30N
30N
125E
150E
45N
45N
45N
40N
40N
40N
KRE
120E
125E
130E
135E
KRE
KRE
40N
KRE
J
KOR
35N
135E
40N
40N
40N
130E
Specific, 580Km
130E
40N
125E
35N
35N
J
KOR
35N
KOR
CHN
30N
30N
CHN
30N
30N
25N
25N
KOR
35N
35N
25N
J
25N
MACHKG
MACHKG
115E
20N
120E
125E
130E
135E
140E
20N
115E
120E
125E
130E
135E
140E
125E
130E
120E
125E
130E
APPENDIX 7
Definition of the Coordination Area
0
315
45
SVK
D
Coordination contours with the
greatest coordination distance
AUT
SUI
HNG
F
SVN
ROU
HRV
I
BIH
YUG
However
BUL
E
MKD
ALB
GRC
270
TUR
It represents a regulatory concept
based on Worst Cases &
Conservative
Assumptions.
90
MLT
TUN
i.e.
ALG
EGY
Mode(1)
Mode(2)
225
It’s not a
exclusion zone.
LBY
means
180
135
More
detailed calculations and
discussions need to be performed.
Coordination data (Appendix 4)
Annex 2
GEOGRAPHICAL DATA
(Earth station’s)
Location, Altitude
SATELLITE
Orbital Location,
Identification (Geo, Non-Geo)
ANTENNA
Maximum gain
Radiation pattern
SIGNAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Power
Maximum Power Density
Frequencies
Noise temperature
Emission Type
Others
Horizontal Elevation Angle
Horizontal Elevation Angles
• All Azimuths around Earth Station Ant.
• if no values between  Average value
Azimuth x5
• No values  default 0 degree
.
..
Azimuth x4 o
o
Azimuth x2 o
Azimuth x o
.
Azimuth x
3o
HE Angle 4
HE
2
HE Angle
5 AngleElevation
Horizon
HE Angle
3 Angle 1
Angle
HE
Earth station
.
Azimuth x1 o
Effect of Horizon Elevation Angle
RECEIVING EARTH STATION COORDINATION AREAS
MAGHTAB MLT/MLT 014E2640 35N5556
SVK
D
AUT
F
UKR
HNG
F
ROU
SVN
I
BIH
AUT
SUI
HRV
SVK
D
HNG
SUI
SVN
MDA
4135.0 - 4135.0 MHZ
I
BIH
YUG
YUG
BUL
E
ROU
HRV
BUL
E
MKD
MKD
ALB
ALB
GRC
TUR
GRC
TUR
MLT
MLT
TUN
TUN
ALG
ALG
EGY
EGY
LBY
HORIZON ELEVATION ANGLE : 0 o
LBY
Reduced
Coordination Area
HORIZON ELEVATION ANGLE: Actual Value
Tips for
Coordination ?
More practical consideration
on the Coordination Area
AP7 embedded in GIBC
Auxiliary Contour
Extra coordination lines
inside main contour
It’s all
Complementary
information.
Auxiliary Contour - Mode 1 (& 2)
Appendix 7 - Annex 6
Extra coordination lines
inside main contour
(decided between ADMs)
Country
- 10 dB Auxiliary contour
Coordination contour
(Gx = - 40 dBW)
(Gx=50 dBi)
Country
A
B
- 5 dB Auxiliary contour
(Gx = 45 dBi)
Auxiliary Contour - Mode 1
HRV
Auxiliary Contour
I
45N
45N
(ex. -5,-10,-15 dB)
BIH
MCO
SMR
Mode 1
CVA
40N
40N
Auxiliary Contour - Mode 2
Appendix 7 - Annex 6 (from WRC-2000)
Beam Avoidance Angle = X°
Protection Angle
Critical Angle
Earth Station
Extra coordination lines
inside main contour
(decided between ADMs)
HO
L
Auxiliary Contour - Mode 2
BE
L
LUX
50N
50N
SUI
F
0
5E
Response by Administration B
(to Coordination Request from A)
A
Coordination Request
• AP4 Annex2 Data
• AP7 Contours
Technical Examination
• Collect existing and planned
system in 3 years
• Inside Coordination Contours
Acknowledge of receipt
Notification for Adm B’s system
•TS+ES(ODT) in 3 years Bringing into use
Disagreement (Art 9.52)
• Adm B’s assignment
• Suggestion for resolution
Notification for Adm B’s system
•Bringing into use – TS in 3 Months
ES(ODT) in 3 years
ITU
B
A
Agreement (Art. 9.52B)
•Inclusion of B’s systems
into use in 3 years
Administration
Administration
4
Months
Request additional Info.
(if it is necessary )
Result of WRC-12
No major change in AP7
• Some frequencies/services were deleted/added in Table 7 – 9.
• It’s consequential arrangement with regards to Art 5 & footnotes.
3 Things to Do
on Coordination of Earth Stations
Question ?
Answer !
if