International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 20 Number 3 – Feb 2015
Indoor Human/Robot Monitoring System with PIR Sensory
Fusion Using Wireless Communication
S.Srinivas Reddy#1, E.Divya Sameera*2
#
Assistant Professor & ECE Department & Loyala Inistitute of Technology And Management
Sattenapalli(mandal), Guntur(district), Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract - An Indoor Human/Robot Monitoring
system with PIR Sensory Fusion using wireless
communication used in homes, offices and indoor
environments. The pyro electric IR (PIR) system
provides less information about human location by
means of target motion. Along with PIR, we used
RFID is used for wireless communication. In this
study, we propose an PIR sensory fusion system and
indoor human/robot monitoring based on a wireless
communication. We develop a sensor-network based
wireless communication with PIR. This system
determines both PIR and RF localization positions.
We have developed and experimentally proved a PIR
sensory fusion system, which can be successfully given
results and working. The people can flexibly moved
with robots. Robot gave efficient work.
II.
EXISTING APPROACH
The existing approach of this study uses
different localization techniques. These different
localization techniques used IR sensors, ultrasonic
sensors, vision sensors, dc magnetic tracker, and
RADAR. And also some systems used neural based
approach.
III.
PROPOSED APPROACH
We design an wireless and Pyro-electric
Sensory Fusion System for Indoor Human/Robot
Localization and Monitoring based on RFID, which
Keywords- RFID, LPC1768, PIR sensor
I.
has full range of monitoring on campus that has
small flow of people and wiring is not convenient.
INTRODUCTION
The indoor environment parameters information is
The proposed approach contains the
important for a heating, light intensity adjustment,
existing approach over implemented with wireless
humidity control, robot service, and so on. Many
and Pyro-electric Sensory Fusion System, and also
researches discuss indoor human/robot monitoring
we are implementing using RFID node. We used a
systems; however, most of these systems are
LPC1768 controller, RFID and sensors.
expencive in cost, imprecise and cannot detect
multiple targets. The
pyro
infrared
sensor
transforms incident infrared radiation into an
electrical signal. A human passing through a PIR
sensor detecting region in the form of motion and
IV.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
This chapter briefly explains about the
Hardware & software Implementation of the
project. In this paper we discuss about the design
and working of of block diagram. It explains the
gives the corresponding output signal.
features, GPIO, serial communication of LPC1768
The main contributions of this paper are as follows.
1) Develop an RFID and PIR integrated system,
controller. we also explains the various modules
used in this project.
which is useful in localization and monitoring
people and robots in an indoor environment.
2) Develop an wireless and pyro electric sensory
fusion system, where the proposed system contains
sensor network which monitors the environment
parameters.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 20 Number 3 – Feb 2015
A. Block Diagram
C. PIR sensor
PIR sensors main concept is to sense
motion, almost always used to detect motion of the
human with in the sensor range. The human will be
detected in the sensor range, it does not detect, if
human is in out of range. PIR sensor seems to be
less in size, less expensive and easy to use. For that
reason all are commonly found in appliances and
gadgets used in homes or businesses. PIRs are
basically made up of a pyro electric sensor, which
can observe levels of infrared radiation. Everything
emits some low level radiation, and the hotter
something is, the more radiation is emitted. The
sensor in a motion detector is of two halves. The
two halves are wired up so that they cancel each
other out. If one half sees more or less IR radiation
Fig 1.1: Block diagram
Hardware
than the other, the output will swing high or low.
implementation
dealt
with
schematic according to the application, testing the
D. Temperature Sensor - The LM35
schematic design over the breadboard according to
The LM35 is IC, which is used to detect the
the application using modules, this is used to find
temperature and gives the output in the form
if the design meets the objective, the pcb
of centigrades.
layout
can
be
prepared
using
schematic
connected on bread board. After that the the
E. LDR
layout can be printed on printed circuit board.
A light-dependent
This designed hardware comes from the PCB
an LDR,
process. The block diagram discusses about
photocell, it is a variable resistor whose value
modules used in design and working condition
decreases with increasing light intensity.
of schematic design. It also explains wiring of circuit
An LDR is a high resistance semiconductor device,
diagram.
which derives the concept of light intensity which
resistor,
also
called
photo resistor, photoconductor, and
is related to high frequency, photons absorbed by
B. Components used:
the semiconductor give bound electrons enough
1.
Power Supply
energy to jump into the conduction band. This
2.
PIR sensor
electron flow gives electricity, thereby lowering
3.
LDR
resistance. When we get more light intensity the
4.
RFID
resistance becomes low.
5.
Temperature sensor
6.
LPC1768 microcontroller
7.
DCMOTOR
8.
BULB
The transponder or tag and reader totally called as
9.
LCD
RFID. There are several methods for RFID to
F. RFID:
RFID, or radio frequency identification,
detects the object. It uses two methods likes active
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 20 Number 3 – Feb 2015
RFID and passive RFID. The common methods
A. Keil software programming
used is to encode a serial number that identifies a
µVision4 is an IDE (Integrated
person. This all information is stored in microchip
Development Environment) that helps you
and it attached to an antenna. The tag totally
write,
contains chip and antenna, which is also called as
programs. It encapsulates the following
transponder. The chip can trasimts information to
components:
compile,
and
debug
embedded
reader when it is enabled by an antenna. The reader
gets data by converting these magnetic radio waves
•
A powerful debugger.
into binary data. ss
This keil is a cross compiler as this
G. LPC1768
code can be executed in any other systems
The LPC17xx is an ARM Cortex-
also. If we write a code in one system and
M3 based microcontroller m a i n l y u s e d
execute that code can be executed on
f o r embedded applications which is used
another system also. Thus it is a cross
for high level integration and less power
compiler.In this we write a code in
dissipation. The ARM Cortex-M3 is a high
Embedded C language then it is converted
level integrating devise which is used in next
into .asm when we Start debugging, and
generation. The ARM Cortex-M3 processing
then it is converted to .hex file which is
untit uses a 3-stage pipeline and uses
used for execution. This HEX file is loaded
Harvard architecture with local data bus and
to simulator then we can observe the output
different bus for peripherals. The ARM
from simulator.
Cortex-M3 CPU also includes an internal
pre-fetch unit that supports speculative
B. KEIL COMPILATION STEPS
branches. The LPC 1768 contains 512kb of
flash memory 64kb of data memory to 64kB
of data memory and supports Ethernet
MAC, a USB interface, 8 channel general
purpose DMA controller, 4 UARTs, 2
1) Creating new project:
Follow the below steps, for creating new project:
Step 1: Open the keil IDE.
CAN channels, 2 SSP controllers, SPI
interface, 6-output general purpose PWM,
2-input plus 2-output I2S interface, 8
channel 12-bit ADC, 10-bit DAC, motor
control PWM, 3 I2C interfaces, Quadrature
Encoder
timers,
interface,
ultra-low
4
general
power
purpose
RTC
with
separate battery supply, and up to 70
Step 2: Click on to the Project tab – new uvision
project.
general purpose I/O pins.
V.
FIRMWARE
IMPLEMENTATION
In this project two types of software is
used.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 20 Number 3 – Feb 2015
Step 6: Save the file with some name.
Step 3: Give project name then click Save.
Step 7: Add the file to the source group as shown in
the below image.
Step 4: Select the controller.
Step 8: Select the file and click on Add as shown in
the below image.
Step 5: Go to file – new, & start writing the code.
Hence building the code will create the Hex file.
C. Setup for Coocox and LPC1768-Xplorer
Board:
The Explorer board has on board ‘10-pin
SWD/JTAG box’; ensure that the Coocox must
have
pin
SWD/JTAG’
support
for
development. The Coocox debugger, ‘20-pin to
10-pin adapter’ and pin ribbon cable are not a part
of the LPC1768 Explorer package, the user needs
to buy separately.
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 20 Number 3 – Feb 2015
To
program/debug
the
KEIL
examples you will need the following and
5. Debug your project.
VI.
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
the image shows the components:
In This project the main element is PIR
•
Coocox
•
LPC1768 Explorer Board
human, when human is detected the fan and light
•
One USB AM to Micro B cable
will be automatically operated according to the
sensor, PIR sensor used for the motion detection of
temperature and light illumination values. The RFID
D. In Keil Real View MDK:
reader connected to ROBO, the tags placed in
1. Open your project in Keil Real View MDK.
different places.
2. Debug -> Use of the configuration selects
"Coo Cox Debugger".
There are different conditions in output as
follows
1.
If once PIR sensor is detected means
human detected then the values send to the
micro controller, if microcontroller gets the
output from PIR sensor then the controller
checks
for
temperature
and
light
illumination values, if temperature value is
greater than 40 the fan will automatically
ON and light intensity is less then
automatically light will ON.
3. Click Settings; select "Colink" for the Adapter.
2.
If PIR sensor is detected but if the
temperature value is less than 40 and light
intensity is high then the fan and light is in
OFF condition.
3.
If PIR sensor is not detected the light and
fan is in off condition it does not care about
the temperature and light intensity values.
4.
If RFID reader reads the tag means it will
gives the position of the Robo where it is
placed.
5.
4. Then, if you debug your program in flash, you
also have to configure Utilities by selecting
"Coocox Debugger" for Flash Programming.
ISSN: 2231-5381
The status of the both human and robot
localization and monitoring is displayed on
LCD display.
VII.
CONCLUSIONS
This paper mainly based on PIR sensor with RF
communication, it develops indoor human
monitoring system, which monitors the environment
variables using sensors. And performs consequent
opearation. The robo will collect the information
from different positions. RFID develops the wireless
communicatioin..
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 20 Number 3 – Feb 2015
VIII.
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