LONDON’S GLOBAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Department of Economics UG Curriculum Review December 2012 I. Introduction 1. Context of the review 2. The curriculum review team 3. Action points II. Overview of the undergraduate programme III. Macroeconomics sequence on L100 1. Topics and courses 2. Recommendations regarding core Macroeconomics sequence 3. Recommendations regarding Macroeconomics options IV. Microeconomics sequence on L100 1. Topics and courses 2. Recommendations regarding core Microeconomics sequence 3. Recommendations regarding Microeconomics options 4. ECON1001: Microeconomics 5. ECON2001: Microeconomics 6. ECON3014: Game Theory V. Quantitative Methods sequence on L100 1. Introduction 2. STAT 6202: Introduction to Statistics (Year 1, Term 1) 3. ECON 1002: Applied Econ (Year 1, Term 2) 4. ECON 2007: Quantitative Economics (Year 2, Terms 1-2) 5. ECON 3002: Micro Metrics (Year 3, Term 2) 6. ECON 3003: Metrics for Macro and Finance (Year 3, Term 2) 7. Topics covered in the quantitative sequence VI. Specialised fields on L100 VII. Courses taken by L100 students in the College VIII. Undergraduate degree with a year abroad: L101 IX. The Department of Economics’s contribution to the College’s UG teaching X. The National Student Survey and the Department’s place in the league tables XI. Appendix: Options available to L100 and L101 students in the College I. Introduction The review’s main conclusion is that the undergraduate curriculum is appropriate in terms of breadth and depth of the topics covered. It provides students with a strong foundation in the first and second years of the degree, and prepares them well for the study of specialised fields in the third year. Two features distinguish UCL Economics BSc from competitors: firstly our programme is very quantitative and secondly it has a high content of research-led courses. These features reflect the internationally recognised research expertise which UCL Department of Economics has traditionally been famous for, as well as the emphasis the department puts on excellence in teaching. The review finds that there is room for improvement in the integration of the curriculum and the feedback to students, both in summative and formative assessments 1. Context of the review A previous review was conducted in 2001, on the occasion of the Teaching Quality Assessment (TQA). Apart from changes to specific courses, changes have been made to the programme since the last review. A compulsory mathematics course has been added in the first year. A new degree, Economics with a year abroad has been introduced (L101). The number of foreign students has increased, though this may have peaked. The National Student Survey and our place in the league tables are not what they should be, in view of our effort and our expertise. Outside of the programme, a number of changes have taken place which bear upon the Department in several ways. First, the object of our enquiry has changed as the world has experienced a global financial crisis, considered to be the worst since the Great Depression. Second, fees for higher education have increased. Third, the mode of financing higher education has changed. However, home students have increased access to means tested bursaries and the threshold of subsequent income above which students are required to pay back the bursaries has increased as well. Finally, the overseas university sector will probably become increasingly competitive with our own. The financial crisis has sparked a reflection on whether the teaching of economics in general is fit for purpose. Momentum is building up internationally for changes in the curriculum. Academics from top departments in the US and in Europe are participating to an INET curriculum project, which is leading to changes in the way economics is taught in a number of places. Wendy Carlin is leading this initiative.1 It was thus felt timely, in view of both the time elapsed since this previous review, and of these changes, to reassess the programme and our provision. 2. The curriculum review team Liam Graham (macroeconomics), Martin Cripps (microeconomics), Steve Machin (applied economics), Dennis Kristensen (econometrics); together with Wendy Carlin, Richard Blundell and Parama Chaudury took part in a review of the undergraduate curriculum. Magne Mogstad stood in for Steve Machin for one meeting. Valérie Lechene (BSc Programme director) chaired the meetings. The team met on 4 occasions between January and March 2012. There were also several meetings of sub-groups of the team. 1 Vox is running a debate and Wendy put up a piece which has had 9,000 hits in 10 days (http://www.voxeu.org/article/how-should-macroeconomics-be-taught-undergraduates-post-crisis-era-concreteth proposal). Also cf Provost newsletter of November 12 2012, about MOOC. 3. Action points 3.1 Money and Banking (ECON7003, Y2, Y3), Options. To be discontinued after 2012-13. Action point: Morten Ravn to discontinue course. 3.2 Statistics (STAT6202, Y1, T1), Core Quantitative sequence: Deliver course in Economics department, as part of Quantitative sequence. Action point: Morten Ravn to liaise with Statistics Department to bring Statistics teaching in house, from 2013-14 3.3 Integration of curriculum in core sequences. Organise curriculum into core sequences over the degree, rather than as independent courses. Action point: VL to coordinate meetings in early 2013 to discuss implementation of integration of curriculum in core sequences. Proposals to be made to DTC. 3.4 Formative and summative assessments. Review all aspects of feedback to students in view of negative comments in National Student Survey, as well as summative assessment. Action point: VL to organise the review Proposals to be made to DTC. 3.5 New course: Advanced Applied Economics. Action point: Ian Preston to develop a third year option course, Advanced Applied Economics. 3.6 Moodle pages: Give access of all course moodle pages to all teaching staff to facilitate integration of content. Action point: Morten Ravn to request implementation from IT department. 3.7 Publicise structure of degree: Publicise diagram of structure of degree (cf section II), on website and circulate to staff. Action point: Morten Ravn to request implementation. 3.8 Information to students: Review amount, content, mode of transmission and tone of information going to students. Action point: Morten Ravn to request review. II. Overview of the undergraduate programme The undergraduate programme is organised in three subjects: macroeconomics, microeconomics, and quantitative methods. In each subject, the curriculum is delivered in core courses, taking place in the first two years of the degree, and in optional courses, taking place in either of the three years of the degree. The diagram below shows the structure of the undergraduate programme. It indicates, for each year of the degree, the courses available to students in the Department of Economics as well as the distinction between compulsory core courses (in red) and optional courses (in black). Students are also allowed to choose optional courses outside the department, representing one unit in total in each of the years of the programme. One unit can be either a course taking place over two terms, or two courses taking place over a term each. A list of courses available outside the Department of Economics is provided in an appendix. Diagram of the undergraduate programme in Economics Numbers in bold are 2011/12 enrolment of L100 students 1st year 2nd year 3rd year 3012 - Industrial Economics I: 59 3013 - Industrial Economics II: 59 2001 – Micro: 2001 200 Micro 1001 Economics: 191 3014 - Game Theory: 51 3009 - Economics of Law: 61 3016 - Economics of Information: 44 3020- Experimental Economics: 30 7004 - Industrial Relations: 25 2004 – Macro: 200 Macro 3004 - International Trade: 85 3005 - Intl Monetary Economics: 119 3015 – Econ of Growth: 59 7003 - Money and Banking: 178 Metrics Maths 1002: Applied economics: 187 2007 – Metrics : 200 3002 – Microeconometrics: 34 3003 – ‘Metrics for macro & finance: 40 1004 / 1008 – Intro to maths: 190 3023 – Econ of Financial markets: 52 Other 6201 – Intro to stats: 190 7001 - Econ of Labour: 75 3018 – Europe: 47 7002 - Econ of Finance: 97 1005 - World Economy: 112 ECON 1006 - History of 1006Economic – HistoryThought of Econ Thought: 30 ECON 1006 - History of Economic Thought 3007 - Economic Policy Analysis: 51 7005 - Econ of Public Sector: 75 3022 - Ethics in Applied Economics: 48 7008 - Econ of Tax Policy: 50 7010 - Econ of Development: 120 7011 - Econ of Science: 13 III. Macroeconomics on L100 1. Topics and courses The table below shows the core macroeconomics topics and the courses in which they feature in the undergraduate degree. Aggregate demand - basics - microfoundations - intertemporal aspects Aggregate supply - perfect competition - imperfect competition - nominal stickiness - medium run Open economy - basics - fixed / floating regimes - intertemporal aspects - global interdependence Trade Expectations Financial markets Money Banking Models - IS – LM – (UIP) - IS – PC – MR - AD – BT - ERU Fiscal policy - basics - intertemporal aspects - debt dynamics Monetary policy - basics - inflation targeting - unconventional Supply side policy Institutions Crises Growth - exogenous - endogenous Economic history 1001 2004 ■ □ □ ■ ■ □ 3004 ■ ■ ■ ■ □ 3005 3015 3018 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ □ □ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ □ □ □ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ □ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 1001 – Economics 2004 – Macroeconomic theory and policy 7003 – Money and Banking 3004 – International Trade 3005 – International Monetary Economics 3015 – Economics of Growth 3018 – Europe ■ – covered □ – mentioned 7003 ■ ■ ■ ■ 2. Recommendations regarding core Macroeconomics sequence It is proposed to re-design the Macroeconomics sequence of the degree in terms of a core of three terms and options. 3. Recommendations regarding Macroeconomics options The committee felt that the course “Money and Banking”, ECON7003 should be redesigned to provide a bridge between applied work, theoretical developments and policy questions in the money and banking field. In its pre-2012-13 version, the course had been taken by unfeasibly large number of students. A new course is offered since 2012-13, Economics of Money and Banking (ECON3028, Y3) following the committee’s recommendations about content, and level of the course, since it is felt that the material needs two years of Macro as a pre-requisite. Action point 3.1 is the recommendation that the course Money and Banking ECON7003 should be discontinued, as it has effectively been replaced by the new course Economics of Money and Banking, ECON3028. It is suggested that further macroeconomics options in Year 3 might include 'Economic Crises' and 'Advanced Macroeconomics'. IV. Microeconomics on L100 1. Topics and courses Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 (Options) Demand Theory Choice under uncertainty XX X XX XX Intertemporal Choice Theory of Perfectly Comp Firm General Equilibrium Oligopoly Theory Monopoly Nash equilibrium, SPE etc. X XX XX X XX XX X XX Adverse Selection Moral Hazard Mechanisms & Social Choice Experiments & Behavioural X Public Finance, Games, Info, Labour Finance, IO, Labour IO, Labour Finance IO IO, Regulation Games, Info, Law, Tax Policy Finance, Games, Info, Law Finance, Info, IO, Law Public Economics, Law Games, Experimental, X XX XX XX X Key: X = a little, XX = a lot of material/central to course 2. Recommendations regarding core Microeconomics sequence It is proposed to re-design the Microeconomics sequence of the degree in terms of a core of three terms and options. The Microeconomics team might consider the following points: 1) should choice under uncertainty be taught earlier; 2) should there be more emphasis on monopoly and general equilibrium, on regulation, welfare, public goods/externalities in the core course; 3) Is there enough behavioural economics; 4) is there any cost-benefit analysis, and in general, topics/tools that economists use in their jobs. (Should there be?) 3. Recommendations regarding Microeconomics options It might be useful to make a link between the core micro and the applied options courses to see where students get to use the tools/models they learn in the theory. 4. ECON 1001: Microeconomics 1 Introduction. Course background and arrangements. The use and structure of economic models. The need for abstraction/simplification. The agents. Motivation. Constraints. Equilibrium. Comparative statics. 2. Comparative advantage and the gains from trade. Production technology. The production possibility frontier; attainable and unattainable outcomes. Efficient and inefficient outcomes. Opportunity costs. Absolute advantage. Comparative advantage. Gains from trade. Prices and trade. Historical background. Extensions. 3. Supply and Demand Models –I. Movements along a demand curve versus shifts of whole curve. Responsiveness of demand to price. Own price elasticity of demand. The relationship between elasticity and total expenditure (revenue). Determinants of price elasticity of demand. Other elasticity measures. Consumer and producer surplus. 4. Supply and Demand Models—II Equilibrium and Applications. The equilibrium concept treated verbally, diagrammatically and mathematically. Comparative statics (effects of shifts of supply and/or demand curves). Applications: Price ceilings and price floors. Sales taxes and their incidence. 5. Consumers and demand. Consumers' tastes and preferences. Indifference curves. Utility. The budget set. Consumer equilibrium. Effects of income and price changes; Engel curves for normal and inferior goods, demand curves. Income and substitution effects. Application to labour supply. From individual to market demand. 6. Production and Cost. The production function. Isoquants. Technical efficiency. Average and marginal product. Diminishing returns. Returns to scale. Opportunity cost. Short and long run costs. Average and marginal costs. Duality between cost and production. Cost minimisation. Economies of scale. Costs for firms with multiple products. 7. Business Decisions and Market Structure. The perfectly competitive framework and why we use it. Profit maximising decisions for perfectly competitive firms. barriers to entry. Short and long run supply. Pri cing with market power. Pure monopoly. Welfare effects of monopoly. Price discrimination. Bundling. Antitrust policy. Oligopoly and other forms of imperfect competition. Simple game theory. 8. Factor markets. The supply of factors of production in the short run and the long run. Marginal productivity theory of factor demand in the short run and the long run. Equilibrium in competitive factor markets. Economic rent. Monopsony power in labour markets. Efficiency wages and incentive payments. 9. Externalities and Public Goods. The benefits of markets. Market failures. Externalities and common resources. Public goods. Government intervention If time permits, one or more of the following supplementary topics will be covered (they will not be in the exam if they are not covered in lectures). 10. Asymmetric information. The market for lemons. Moral hazard and adverse selection. 11. Inter-temporal Decisions. Present value (discounting). Consumption over time. Investment decisions when returns spread over time. 12. Uncertainty. How do individuals adapt their behaviour to the pervasive uncertainty they face in their economic lives? Introduction to risk-aversion and expected utility maximisation. Applications: tax evasion, insurance. 13. Behavioural Economics -- how rational are economic agents? Recent challenges to the assumptions of rationality that forms the basis of consumer and firm behaviour in standard neoclassical microeconomics. READING. A. Textbooks. The text I currently recommend is: Jeffrey M. Perloff Microeconomics with Calculus, 2nd edition (2011) published by Pearson. You could also consult a slightly more advanced text (which is used in year 2) Hal Varian, Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach. (Norton, currently on its 8th edition but any recent edition would do 5. ECON2001: Microeconomics Course Outline: Term 1: 1) The Firm and Monopoly: Cowell Chapter 2 and 3 a) Production functions, Input Demands and Short and Long Run Costs b) Supply Curves, Price Discrimination and Bundling 2) Games in Strategic and Extensive Form: Cowell Chapter 10 a) Strategic Forms: Nash Equilibrium b) Extensive Forms: Perfect Equilibrium 3) Oligopoly: Cowell Chapter 10 a) Static Models: Price/Quantity Competition and Auctions b) Dynamic Models: Leadership and Commitment 4) Adverse Selection: Signalling & Hidden Information: Chapter 11 a) Lemons and signals in Insurance b) Screening in product provision 5) Incentives and Design: Hidden Actions: Cowell Chapters 1112 a) Moral hazard, principles and agents. b) Designing new economic environments. Term 2: 6) Consumer Demand: Cowell Chapter 4 a) Budget constraints b) Revealed preference c) Preferences and utility, duality d) Consumer surplus and price indices 7) Demand with endowments: Cowell Chapter 5 a) Labour supply b) Intertemporal choice 8) Uncertainty: Cowell Chapter 8 9) General equilibrium: Cowell Chapter 6 and 7 a) Exchange equilibrium b) Equilibrium with production c) Welfare theorems Texts: The main text is Microeconomics: Principles and Analysis [F. Cowell, OUP 2006 (ISBN 0-19-926777-4)]. Easier books: Microeconomic Theory: Basic Principles and Extensions [Nicholson, South-Western 2005] and Intermediate Microeconomics [Varian, Norton 2003]. A more advanced book for an ambitious student is: Microeconomics [Gravelle and Rees, Pearson 2004]. 6. ECON3014: Game Theory Text Osborne Introduction to Game Theory Objectives: • • • • Be able to use the concept of Nash equilibrium in simple oligopolistic games, and voting games Understand the concept of Subgame Perfect Equilibrium and apply it to games of lobbying and bargaining Understand the logic of Bayesian games and use them to analyse real-world selling mechanisms such as auctions Understand concepts such as signalling and communication in environments with private information. Other Options: Information Economics, (Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard Models + Empirical testing), Industrial Economics 1 (Modes of Competition), Industrial Economics 2 (Dynamics), Economics of Financial Markets V. Quantitative Methods on L100 1. Introduction This note provides an overview of courses taught at the economics department at UCL focusing on quantitative methods. Below, the sequence of quantitative methods courses is described in terms of contents and goals. This is followed by an assessment of the current status of sequence. As documentation, a brief description of each course in terms of course topics and reading list is provided at the end together with a table tracing which topics are covered in which courses. The quantitative methods courses taught at the economics department aim at providing students with econometric (statistical) tools to analyse economic data and draw quantitative inference about economic relationships. In the 1st year, students are taught basic probability theory and statistical methods (STAT 6202) and see some applications of basic econometric techniques to economic data/problems in ECON 1002. A more comprehensive, in-depth treatment of important econometric models and techniques used in economics are provided in the 2nd year (ECON 2007). This course aims at combining the necessary methodology with empirical applications to teach the students how to employ econometric tools in a wide range of different settings. For students who wish to further specialise in econometric techniques and get a better grasp of the underlying theory, the department offers two electives in the 3rd year: ECON 3002 focuses on the econometric analysis of economic data on a micro-level (in general, data on individuals) while ECON 3003 introduce tools for modelling and forecasting macroeconomic and financial data. While the courses are in general of a high standard, lecturers of the 2nd and 3rd year courses in the sequence have raised concerns about the students’ (lack of) understanding of basic probability and statistics as taught in STAT 6202. The current version of STAT 6202 appears not to prepare the students appropriately for the more formal treatment of econometric methods in the latter years of their degree. The lecturers of ECON 1002 have also expressed interests in coordination with STAT 6202 so the students can work on data themselves in ECON 1002. Currently, the students appear not to be able to do so. Based on these issues with STAT 6202, it seems desirable to bring the course in-house thereby ensuring a more streamlined version of the quantitative methods sequence; this in turn should provide the students with better quantitative skills and training in using these in practice. 2. STAT 6202: Introduction to Statistics (Year 1, Term 1) COURSE OUTLINE (CURRENT) 1. Data Summary and Presentation 2. The Normal Distribution 3. Population statistics 4. Sampling distributions 5. Confidence Intervals and Tests based on the t-­‐distribution 6. Two Sample Non-­‐Parametric Tests 7. Binomial and Poisson Distributions 8. Frequency Data and Chi-­‐Square 9. The Normal Linear Regression Model READING (CURRENT) Lecture notes COURSE OUTLINE (PROPOSED) 1. Probability Basics 2. Random Variables, Expectations 3. Discrete/Continuous Distributions 4. Law of Large Numbers, Central Limit Theorem 5. Statistics Basics 6. Point/Interval Estimation 7. Hypothesis Testing 8. The Linear Regression Model In addition, students will be introduced to STATA and learn its basic features. There will be coordination with ECON 1002; in particular, data sets used in Econ 1002 will also be used in STAT 6202’s lectures and exercises. READING (PROPOSED) Sandholm, W., and B. Saraniti (2012) Vital Statistics: Probability and Statistics for Economic and Business Decisions, to be published by Addison-Wesley. Keller, G., (2005) Statistics for Management and Economics, 7th ed., Duxbury-Thomson-Brooks-Cole. 3. ECON 1002: Applied Econ (Year 1, Term 2) POSSIBLE TOPICS Education Inequality Productivity Immigration Tax Crime Globalization National accounts Cost-benefit analysis READING Selected articles 4. ECON 2007: Quantitative Economics (Year 2, Terms 1-2) COURSE OUTLINE 1. Review of Probability and Statistics 2. Linear Regression with One Covariate 3. Multiple Regression 4. Nonlinear Regression 5. 6. 7. 8. Panel Data Models Probit and Logit IV Regression Time Series (intro to) READING Wooldridge: Introductory Econometrics / Stock and Watson: Introduction to Econometrics 5. ECON 3002: Micro Metrics (Year 3, Term 2) COURSE OUTLINE 1. Limited Dependent Variable Models and Their Applications 2. Missing Data Problem, Censoring and Truncation. 3. Treatment Effects 4. Causal Inference and Randomized Experiments 5. Regression and matching 6. Instrumental Variables 7. Methods for repeated cross-­‐sections and panel data 8. Regression discontinuity design READING Wooldridge + articles 6. ECON 3003: Metrics for Macro and Finance (Year 3, Term 2) COURSE OUTLINE 1. Univariate Time Series Models (AR, MA, ARMA) 2. Forecasting 3. Unit Roots 4. Structural Breaks 5. Dynamic Causal Effects 6. Vector Autoregressions 7. Cointegration 8. Stock Return Predictability 9. CAPM and Asset Pricing Theory 10. Volatility Models READING Stock and Watson: Introduction to Econometrics Campbell, Lo and MacKinlay: Econometrics of Financial Markets Hamilton: Time Series Analysis lecture notes 7. Topics covered in the quantitative sequence TOPICS Probability Sampling Theory Causality Linear Regression IV Regression Panel Data Count data/Discrete Choice Ltd Dep Var Treatment Regression Discontinuity Forecasting Dynamic Causal Effects Financial Econometrics STAT 6002 X X X X X ECON 1002 X X X X ECON 2007 X X X X ECON 3002 X X X X ECON 3003 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X VI. Specialised fields on L100 UCL Department of Economics is reknowned for its top rate international expertise and is able to offer a range of courses taught by world leaders in internationally recognised research fields. VII. Courses taken by L100 students in the College Economics students take courses outside of the Department of Economics. Their choices are conservative and limited to areas related to management, finance, business, and “courses known to be easy”. Students should be encouraged to take advantage of the wealth and diversity of courses on offer at UCL and broaden their interest and expertise. It is recommended that awareness of Personal Tutors of the opportunities to study a module in a different discipline should be raised. The table below contains information about the options taken outside the department and the numbers of students concerned. An appendix contains a list of courses available to L100 and L101 students outside the department. VIII. Undergraduate degree with a year abroad: L101 The Department has introduced a new degree, Economics with a year abroad, in 2010. The tutor in charge of developing this programme, Adam Rosen, is preparing a separate report on this degree for the DTC. IX. The Department of Economics’s contribution to the College’s UG teaching We offer a range of courses to non economists. The tendency seems to be towards separating courses offered to L100 and other students in order to better tailor to the needs of the different constituencies. X. The National Student Survey and the Department’s place in the league tables Several newspapers and other bodies publish university league tables. Criteria used are not all sensible and rankings will not match an informed observer's opinion but it is likely that applicants look at them. UCL Economics does not do as well as it ought to do. To take the Guardian tables as an example (http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/table/2012/may/22/university-guide-economics), competitors such as LSE, Warwick and Oxford are in the top spots while UCL languishes in 9th place behind Kent, Dundee and Surrey. There are two significant influences on this, the value added and the student satisfaction. VALUE ADDED: This is a measure of the difference between degree attainment and quality of intake. This measure is manipulable in a straightforward way and any department could manufacture a misleadingly stellar score by admitting poor students and awarding them all undeserved firsts. We do badly in terms of value added calculated in this way, because we admit very good students and we have not followed the trend in increase in award of high degree classification as much as other universities. However, we need to be sure that, without diluting the value of a UCL degree, we do not send our very good students away with undeservedly low degree classes compared to responsibly behaving competitors. If we were to do so then that would both be both unfair to those students and justifiably a reason why applicants might think twice about coming here. Evidence on how Economics compares to other departments in UCL is readily available. In the most recent available data we award 16% Firsts as against a college average of 25% (though we are not so far from the SHS average of 17%). At the other end, we are more or less the only department awarding Thirds - out of a total of 30 in the college as a whole we gave 10 and no other department gave more than 3. Given that even our weakest students arrive at UCL with excellent grades, this is an aspect which needs attention While we need to ensure that we teach a challenging curriculum we must also be sure that we examine it fairly and sensitively to that difficulty. STUDENT SATISFACTION: The data on this come from the National Student Survey. The department does badly on this in several dimensions both compared to other departments in UCL and compared to the best economics departments elsewhere. This is a matter of general concern, besides how it impacts on league tables. We do particularly badly on some specific but important things like quality of feedback but also on general things like overall satisfaction and teaching quality. Some of this may reflect the points above - if students come to believe they are getting worse degrees than they could have got elsewhere then low ratings would be understandable. However it is possible that it could also, among other things, reflect curricular issues. In particular, students rate us badly on how interesting we make the subject. It is not clear how this compares to other economics departments. It compares badly to other departments in the faculty. XI. Appendix: Options available to L100 and L101 students in the College Geography: Year 1 Human Ecology GEOG1004 Global Geographies GEOG1007 London: a Geographical Introduction GEOG1001 Environmental Change GEOG1005 Year 2 Ecological Patterns and Processes GEOG2007 Political Geography and Geopolitics GEOG2019 Cultural and Historical Geography GEOG2024 Environment and Society GEOG2009 Development Geography GEOG2014 Urban Geography GEOG2023 Year 3 Environmental Management: Critical Perspectives GEOG3012 Gendered Geographies GEOG3022 Cities and Modernity GEOG3025 Water and Development in Africa GEOG3038 Africa: Postcolonial Perspectives GEOG3056 Global Environmental Change GEOG3057 Comparative Urbanism GEOG3062 Migration and Transnationalism GEOG3048 Asian Cities in a Globalising South GEOG3053 Popular Culture and Geopolitics GEOG3059 Scales of Inequality GEOG3060 History: Year 1: Courses reserved to non-historians: Medieval History in London Collections Ancient History in London Collections History of Parliament Courses available to all students: The European Revolutions of 1848, HIST2311 History of Political Thought, HIST6001 Europe in the Early Middle Ages, HIST6201 British History 1689-c1860, HIST6301 British History c.1850-1990, HIST6304 Enlightenment and Revolution: Europe 1715-1805, HIST6307 History and Politics of Latin America c1930 to the Present, HIST6311 Building the American Nation: The United States 1789-1920, HIST6313 International Political Thought in the Early Modern Period, HIST6317 Crime and Popular Disorder in Georgian England HIST6320 Year 2 and 3, Term 1: Rationality, HIST7001 The Human and Its Others: Enlightenment Ideas of Ethnicity and Race, HIST7339 Penal Era or Golden Age?: Ireland 1689-1801, HIST73XX Crime and Popular Disorder in England 1714-1780, HIST7344 Natural Law and State Sovereignty: European Political Thought in the 17th Century, HIST7334 Studies in British History: Remembering Slavery, HIST7350 Gender in History: Feminist Movements in Comparative Perspective, HIST7346 Race: The Politics of Human Difference, HIST73XX The Making of a Multicultural City: Aspects of Cultural and Social Life in Twentieth-century London, HIST7341 Law’s Empire: Legal Cultures in the British Colonial World, HIST73XX Year 2 and 3, Term 2: European Fin-de-Siècle. A Cultural and Social History, HIST7312 State, Sovereignty and Liberty: The History of European Political Thought in the 18th Century, HIST7335 Studies in the History of the Americas: The United States and International Human Rights since 1941, HIST7329 The Human and Its Others: Enlightenment Ideas of Ethnicity and Race, HIST7339 Crime and Popular Disorder in England 1780-1830, HIST7345 The intellectual history of exile in the twentieth century, HIST7XXX Modern American Cities, HIST73XX Political Science/ESPS: Most courses are assessed on coursework. Changing Britain's Constitution Comparative Political Analysis Gender & Politics Global Environmental Politics Human Rights and World Politics International Development and Public Policy International Organisations International Political Economy International Relations Theories International Security Introduction to British Politics Politics of the European Union The Northern Ireland Peace Process Theories & Concepts of Politics SEES: Year 1: History of Eastern Europe since 1856, SEHI 0005, 1 unit Year 2 and 3: Emerging Market Economies in Russia and Eastern Europe, SESS2001, 1 unit Entrepreneurship and Small Business with Reference to Central and Eastern Europe, SESS2009, 0.5 unit History of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union Since 1856, SEHI6010, 1.0 unit Modern Germany 1815-1990, SEHI6011, 1.0 unit Fascism and Authoritarianism in Eastern Europe 1918-1945, SEHI7002, 0.5 unit Nations and Nationalism in South-Eastern Europe, SEHI6007, 1.0 unit Police and Politics in Modern Germany 1815-1989, SEHI7006, 0.5 unit Successors to the Habsburgs, SEHI2006, 1.0 unit The Rise and Fall of Yugoslavia, SEHI2007, 1.0 unit Between Politics and Culture: German Ideas 1890-1970, SEHI7004, 0.5 unit History of Russia to 1598, SEHI6008,1.0 unit History of Russia 1598-1856, SEHI6009, 1.0 unit Other Departments: Maths/Stats: There are introductory courses e,g in Analysis which outsiders with an A* in Alevel maths can take. We might want to encourage those we think might go to grad school in economics to do these. Philosophy: There are a few possibilities within the department (History of Economic Thought, Ethics, or the new course proposed by Hugh) Language: Quite a few students take a language (often a full unit) in the first year but this number drops off in the next two years.