University College London
Institute of Archaeology
2016
ARCL3052. The History and Archaeology of the
African Diaspora
Year 2/3 Option, 0.5 unit
Fridays, 2-4pm, Room B13
Prof. Kevin C. MacDonald
kevin.macdonald@ucl.ac.uk
Room 114, tel 020 7679 1534
1
ARCL3052. Archaeology and History of the African Diaspora
Fridays 2-4pm, room B13
SYLLABUS:
15/1 Introduction to the Course
Prelude to the Diaspora, Slavery in Africa:
15/1 Slavery in Africa: Anthropology and History
22/1 Archaeologies of Slavery in Africa
22/1 Segou: a State of Slavery 1700 - 1861
29/1 The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
29/1 Film Excerpt and Seminar: African Slave Kingdoms
Social
5/2
5/2
12/2
12/2
History and the Origins of Diaspora Archaeology:
Background to African-American Cultural Studies
First Steps Towards the Archaeology of Slavery in the Americas
Colonoware and the Question of New World African Material Culture
Seminar: Diaspora Archaeology
***Reading Week***
Archaeological Case Studies:
26/2 Chesapeake Pipes & Jamaican Yabbas: Virginia and the Caribbean
26/2 Behind the Big House: The Spatial Study of Plantations
4/3 Ethnicity, Religion and Creolization
4/3 The Cane River Project and the Archaeology of ‘Free People of Color’
11/3 Presenting the African Diaspora as Heritage
11/3 Seminar
18/3 Diaspora Mortuary Archaeology
18/3*
Other Diasporas
* Due to the short second term in 2016 there will only be nine class meetings.
2
Course Notices:
Aim of the Course: To provide an historical and archaeological encounter with issues of slavery
and African cultural survival in the New World for second and third year undergraduates.
Course Co-Ordinator: Prof. Kevin MacDonald (contact details on page 1)
Course Teaching Assistant: Siro Canós Donnay (IoA Teaching Fellow). Sirio will lead the
seminars. She shares the office of Prof MacDonald and can be contacted there.
Seminars: The three seminars are intended to provide a forum for discussion of issues generated
in the preceding groups of lectures. Please be sure to have caught up on your course readings
before attending the seminars. Questions regarding upcoming essay titles may also be posed at
the seminars.
Core Text: Students may wish to purchase the core text for the course:
Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1800 (2nd Edition)
by John Thornton. Cambridge University Press
(available in paperback for £29.99 [or less], ISBN no. 0-521-62724-9)
Readings & Library Resources: Readings for this course should occupy on average four hours
of the students time each week. Reading lists and essay titles will be given out on the first day of
class. Readings are held at the Institute Library, the Science Library (DMS Watson) and the Main
UCL Library. A few sources are at the University of London Senate House library or SOAS.
Assessment: Students are to write two essays of their choice, each counting for 50% of
the final mark (between 2375 to 2625 words, approximately 10 typewritten double-spaced A4
pages excluding references). Due dates are 22nd February for Essay 1 and 22nd April for Essay 2.
Retaining Copies of Essays: Remember that all marked essays must be returned to the lecturer
within one week of receipt so that they may be available to the external examiner. Please note that
it is an Institute requirement that you retain a copy (this can be electronic) of all coursework
submitted.
Turnitin Codes: The Turnitin 'Class ID' is 2970207 and the 'Class Enrolment Password' is
IoA1516. Further information is given on the IoA website. Turnitin advisors will be available to
help you via email: ioa-turnitin@ucl.ac.uk if needed.
See further IoA Policy Guidance at the end of this document.
3
READING LIST
for
Archaeology and History of the African Diaspora
Readings correspond to individual lectures. It is not intended that you read everything on this list, BUT it is
expected that you will read at least one *starred reading from each list, and all relevant readings for your
essay choices. All readings are in the Institute library unless marked otherwise.
Slavery in Africa: Anthropology and History
Fage, J.D. 1969. ‘Slavery and the Slave Trade in the context of West African History’
Journal of African History 10: 393-404. In Anthropology Periodicals
Fisher, Humphrey J. 2001. Slavery in the History of Muslim Black Africa. London: Hurst &
Co. DC 200 FIS
Goody, J. 1971. Technology, Tradition and the State in Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press. DC100 GOO
*Lovejoy, Paul 1983. Transformations in Slavery: a history of slavery in Africa. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. DC200 LOV
Meillassoux, Claude. 1991. The Anthropology of Slavery: The Womb of Iron and Gold.
London: Athlone Press. DC 200 MEI
*Kopytoff, Igor and Suzanne Miers. 1977. ‘African ‘Slavery’ as an Institution of
Marginality.’ In S. Miers and I. Kopytoff (eds.) Slavery in Africa. pp.3-81. Madison:
Wisconsin. ANTH Q25 MIE or Institute TC 2781
Archaeologies of Slavery in Africa
Folorunso, B. 2006. The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade and Local Traditions of Slavery in the
West African Hinterlands: The Tivland Example. In J. Haviser and K. MacDonald (eds.)
African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora. 237-45, London: UCL
Press. DED 100 HV
*Haour, A. 2011. The Early Medieval Slave Trade of the Central Sahel: Archaeological and
Historical Considerations. In P.J. Lane and K.C. MacDonald (eds.) Slavery in Africa:
Archaeology and Memory, 61-78, Oxford: Oxford University Press. DC 100 LAN
Kelly, K.G. 2004. The African diaspora starts here: historical archaeology of coastal West
Africa, in A.M. Reid and P.J. Lane (eds.) African Historical Archaeologies, 219-44.
New York: Kluwer/Plenum. INST ARCH DC100 REI and electronic resource.
Kelly, K. G. 2001. ‘Change and Continuity in Coastal Benin’ in C.R. DeCorse (ed.) West
Africa During the Atlantic Slave Trade: archaeological perspectives, 81-100, London:
Leicester University Press. DCG DEC
*Lane, P.J. 2011. Slavery and Slave Trading in Eastern Africa: Exploring the Intersections
of Historical Sources and Archaeological Evidence, In P.J. Lane and K.C. MacDonald
(eds.) Slavery in Africa: Archaeology and Memory, 281-314, Oxford: Oxford
University Press (for the British Academy). DC 100 LAN
McIntosh, Susan Keech 2001. ‘Tools for Understanding Transformation and Continuity in
Senegambian Society: 1500-1900.’ in C.R. DeCorse (ed.) West Africa During the
Atlantic Slave Trade: archaeological perspectives. pp.14-37. London: Leicester
University Press. DCG DEC
Usman, A. 2007. The Landscape and Society of Northern Yorubaland during the Era of the
Atlantic Slave Trade, in A. Ogundiran and T. Falola (eds.) Archaeology of Atlantic
Africa and the African Diaspora, 140-159, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
DCG OGU
4
*Kusimba, C. M. 2004 Archaeology of Slavery in East Africa. African Archaeological
Review, 21: 59-88 JOURNAL IN IOA/ONLINE
Kusimba, C. M. 2006 Slavery and Warfare in African Chiefdoms. In E.N. Arkush & M.W.
Allen (eds) The Archaeology of Warfare: Prehistories of Raiding and Conquest. 214249. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. HJ ARK
Robertshaw, P. and W.L. Duncan 2008. ‘African Slavery: Archaeology and Decentralised
Societies’ in C.M. Cameron (ed.) Invisible Citizens: Captives and their Consequences,
pp.57-79. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. AH CAM
Segou: a State of Slavery 1700 -1861
Bazin, Jean (1974) War and Servitude in Segou, Economy and Society 3:107-144. UCL
Journals & online
*MacDonald, K.C. and Camara, S. 2011. Segou: Warfare and the Origins of a State of
Slavery, In P.J. Lane and K.C. MacDonald (eds.) Slavery in Africa: Archaeology and
Memory, 25-46, Oxford: Oxford University Press (for the British Academy). DC 100
LAN
*MacDonald,K.C. and Camara,S. 2012. Segou, Slavery, and Sifinso. in J. C. Monroe and A.
Ogundiran (eds.) Power and Landscape in Atlantic West Africa: Archaeological
Perspectives, 169-190, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DCG MON
MacDonald, K.C. 2012. ’The least of their inhabited villages are fortified’: the walled
settlements of Segou, Papers in Honour of Graham Connah, (special book issue
edited by D. Gronenborn and S. MacEachern), Azania: Archaeological Research in
Africa 47 (3): 343-364. Online
Roberts, Richard 1987 Warriors, Merchants, and Slaves: the state and the economy in the
Middle Niger Valley, 1700-1914. Stanford: Stanford University Press. SOAS Library
VPM962.4/600146
Sow, M. 2011. The Daily Life of Slaves in the Last years of the Bamana States of Kaarta
and Segou, In P.J. Lane and K.C. MacDonald (eds.) Slavery in Africa: Archaeology and
Memory, 47-60, Oxford: Oxford University Press (for the British Academy). DC 100
LAN
The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
• History
Blackburn, Robin 1997. The Making of New World Slavery: from the Baroque to the
Modern 1492-1800. London: Verso. MAIN AM HIST A423 BLA
Curtin, Philip D. 1969. The Atlantic Slave Trade: a Census. Madison: Wisconsin University
Press. MAIN AM HIST A423 CUR
Hogendorn, Jan and Marion Johnson 1986. The Shell Money of the Slave Trade.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DMS Watson ANTH Q52 HOG
Miller, Joseph C. 2002. ‘Central Africa During the Era of the Slave Trade’ in L.M. Heywood
(ed.) Central Africans and Cultural Transformations in the American Diaspora. pp.
21-69. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DCF HEY
*Thornton, John 1998. Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 14001800 (Second Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Read Part I:
Africans in Africa). DCG THO
Thomas, Hugh 1997. The Slave Trade: the History of the Atlantic Slave Trade 14401870. London: Picador. MAIN Latin Am HIST 82 br THO
5
•Archaeology
DeCorse, Chris 2001. An Archaeology of Elmina: Africans and Europeans on the Gold
Coast, 1400-1900. Washington, DC: Smithsonian. DCG DEC
*DeCorse, Chris 1998. ‘The Europeans in West Africa: Culture Contact, Continuity and
Change.’ In G. Connah (ed.) Transformations in Africa. pp. 219-44. London: Leicester
University Press. DC200 CON
Kelly, Kenneth G. 1997, ‘The Archaeology of African-European Interaction: investigating
the social roles of trade, traders, and the use of space in the seventeenth- and
eighteenth-century Hueda Kingdom, Republic of Bénin,’ World Archaeology 28: 35169.
Institute Periodical Section
Background to African-Am erican Cultural Studies
Hall, Gwendolyn M. 1971. Social Control in Slave Plantation Societies. Baltimore: Johns
Hopkins. MAIN Lat Am Hist C 118 Neg Hal
Herskovits, Melville J. 1958. The Myth of the Negro Past. Boston: Beacon Press. MAIN Am
Hist A422 HER
Jackson, Walter 1986. ‘Melville Herskovits and the Search for Afro-American Culture’ In
G.W. Stocking Jr. (ed.) Malinowski, Rivers, Benedict and Others. pp.95-126.
Madison: University of Wisconsin. ANTH A8 STO
*Mintz, S.W. and Richard Price 1976. The Birth of African-American Culture: an
Anthropological perspective. Boston: Beacon Press. ANTH WX 15MIN
Stuckey, Sterling 1987. Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory & the Foundations of Black
America. Oxford: Oxford University Press. MAIN AM HIST A423 STU
*Thompson, Robert F. 1984. Flash of the Spirit: African and Afro-American Art and
Philosophy. New York: Vintage Books. DED 100 THO read through this or:
Thompson, Robert F. 1990. ‘Kongo influences on African American Artistic Culture,’ in J.E.
Holloway (ed.) Africanisms in American Culture pp.148-84. Bloomington: Indiana
University Press. MAIN Am Hist A422 Hol
*Thornton, John 1998. Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 14001800 (Second Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Read Part II:
Africans in America). DCG THO
First Steps towards the Archaeology of Slavery in the Am ericas
*Ascher, Robert and Charles W. Fairbanks 1971. Excavation of a Slave Cabin: Georgia,
USA. Historical Archaeology 5: 3-17. [will be distributed as a hand-out]
DeCorse, Christoper R. 1999. Oceans Apart: Africanist Perspectives on Diaspora
Archaeology. In T. Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of
African-American Life . pp. 132-55. Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100
SIN
Deetz, James 1996. In Small Things Forgotten: the archaeology of early American life.
(Expanded and Revised Edition). New York: Anchor Books. (Read Chapter 8: The
African American Past). DED 100 DEE
6
Fairbanks, Charles H. 1984. The Plantation Archaeology of the Southeastern Coast.
Historical Archaeology. 18: 1-14. Senate House periodicals
Ferguson, Leland 1980. Looking for the ‘Afro’ in Colono-Indian Pottery, In R. Scuyler Ed.
Archaeological Perspectives on Ethnicity in America . pp.14-28. Farmingdale, NJ:
Baywood Publishing Co. DED 100 SCH
Handler, Jerome S. 2009. The Middle Passage and the Material Culture of Captive Africans,
Slavery & Abolition 30: 1-26. UCL Online Journals
*Lange, Frederick W. and Jerome S. Handler 1985. The Ethnohistorical Approach to
Slavery. In T. Singleton (ed.) The Archaeology of Slavery and Plantation Life pp.1532. New York: Academic Press. DED 100 SIN
Colonoware Pottery and the Question of New W orld African Material Culture
•Colonoware: the basics
*Ferguson, Leland 1992. Uncommon Ground: archaeology and early African America,
1650-1800. Washington, DC: Smithsonian. DED 100 FER
Meyers, Allan D. 1999. ‘West African Tradition in the Decoration of Colonial Jamaican Folk
Pottery,’ International Journal of Historical Archaeology 3: 201-23. Institute
Periodicals
Singleton, Theresa A. 1988. An Archaeological Framework for Slavery and Emancipation,
1740-1880. In M.P. Leone and P.B. Potter Jr. (eds.) The Recovery of Meaning:
Historical Archaeology in the Eastern United States. pp.345-70. Washington, DC:
Smithsonian.
ANTH TH95 LEO
Singleton, Theresa A. and Mark Bograd 2000. Breaking Typological Barriers: looking for
the Colono in Colonoware. in J. Delle, S. Mrozowski and R. Paynter eds. Lines that
Divide: Historical Archaeologies of Race, Class, and Gender. pp.3-21.Knoxville:
University of Tennessee Press. AH DEL
•Colonoware: critique
DeCorse, Christopher R. and Hauser, Mark W. 2003. ‘Low-Fired Earthenwares in the
African Diaspora: Problems and Prospects’, International Journal of Historical
Archaeology 7: 67-98. Institute Periodicals
*Mouer, L.D. et al. 1999. ‘Colonoware Pottery, Chesapeake Pipes, and “Uncritical
Assumptions”’ In T. Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of
African-American Life . pp. 83-115. Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100
SIN
*Morgan, D.W. and K.C. MacDonald, 2011. “Colonoware in Western Louisiana:
makers and meaning,” in K. Kelly and M. Hardy (eds.) The Archaeology of
the French Colonial Archaeology in the Southeast and the Caribbean, 117151, Gainesville: University Press of Florida. DGE KEL
Chesapeake Pipes and Jam aican Yabbas: Virginia and the Caribbean
Virginia
Deetz, James. 1993. Flowerdew Hundred: the Archaeology of a Virginia Plantation 16191864. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. DED 16 DEE
7
*Emerson, M.C. 1999. African Inspirations in a New World Art and Artifact. In Singleton
(ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of African-American Life , 47-82,
Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100 SIN
Epperson, Terrence W. 1999. Constructing Difference: the Social and Spatial Order of the
Chesapeake Plantation. In Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies
of African-American Life , 159-72, Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100
SIN
McKee, Larry. 1999. Food Supply and Plantation Social Order: an archaeological
perspective. In Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of AfricanAmerican Life , 218-39, Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100 SIN
Morgan, Phillip D. 1998. Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth Century
Chesapeake & Lowcountry. Chapel Hill: North Carolina University Press. MAIN (AM
HIST) C423 MOR
*Mouer, L.D. et al. 1999. ‘Colonoware Pottery, Chesapeake Pipes, and “Uncritical
Assumptions”’ In T. Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of
African-American Life . pp. 83-115. Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100
SIN
The Caribbean
*Armstrong, Douglas. 1999. Archaeology and Ethnohistory of the Caribbean Plantation. In
T. Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of African-American
Life . pp. 173-192. Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100 SIN
Armstrong, Douglas 2001. A Venue for Autonomy: archaeology of a changing cultural
landscape, The East End Community, St.Johns, Virgin Islands. In P. Farnswoth (ed.)
Island Lives: Historical Archaeologies of the Caribbean, pp.143-64. Tuscaloosa:
University of Alabama Press. DGE FAR
Farnsworth, P. 2001. “Negro Houses Built of Stone Besides Others Watl’d + Plaistered”:
The Creation of Bahamain Tradition. In P. Farnswoth (ed.) Island Lives: Historical
Archaeologies of the Caribbean, pp.234-71. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama
Press. DGE FAR
Finch, J. 2013. Inside the Pot House: Diaspora, Identity and Locale in Barbadian Ceramics.
Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage 2: 115-130.
*Hauser, M. 2007. Between Urban and Rural: Organization and Distribution of Local
Pottery in Eighteenth-Century Jamaica, in A. Ogundiran and T. Falola (eds.)
Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, 292-310, Bloomington:
Indiana University Press. DCG OGU
Wilkie, L.A. 1999. Evidence of African Continuities in the Material Culture of Clifton
Plantation, Bahamas. In J.B. Haviser (ed.) African Sites Archaeology in the Caribbean.
pp.264-75. Princeton/Kingston: Marcus Wiener/Ian Randle. DGE HAV
Behind the Big House: The Spatial and Architectural Study of Plantations
Armstrong, Douglas V. and Kenneth G. Kelly 2000. Settlement Patterns and the Origins of
African Jamaican Society: Seville Plantation, St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica. Ethnohistory 47:
369-97. UCL online journals
Harmon, J., M. Leone, S. Prince and M. Snyder 2006. LiDAR for Archaeological Landscape
Analysis: A Case Study of Two Eighteenth Century Maryland Plantation Sites.
American Antiquity 71: 649-670. UCL online journals
8
Lewis, Kenneth E. 1985. Plantation Layout and Function in the South Carolina
Lowcountry. in T. Singleton (ed.) The Archaeology of Slavery and Plantation Life
pp.35-65. New York: Academic Press. DED 100 SIN
Orser, Charles Jr. 1988. Toward a Theory of Power for Historical Archaeology: Plantations
and Space. In M.P. Leone and P.B. Potter Jr. (eds.) The Recovery of Meaning:
Historical Archaeology in the Eastern United States. pp.121-37. Washington, DC:
Smithsonian.
ANTH TH95 LEO
Samford, P.M. 2007, Subfloor Pits and the Archaeology of Slavery in Colonial Virginia,
Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. DED 16 SAM
Singleton, Theresa 2001. Slavery and Spatial Dialectics on Cuban Coffee Plantations.
World Archaeology 33: 98-114. Institute Periodicals
*Vlach, John Michael 1993. Back of the Big House: the architecture of plantation slavery.
Chapel Hill: North Carolina University Press. MAIN (Am Hist) QTRO A423 VLA and
BARTLETT G91.92 VLA
*Wheaton, T.R. 2002. Colonial African American Plantation Villages, in J.W. Joseph & J.A.
King (eds.) Another’s Country: Archaeological and historical perspectives on cultural
interactions in the Southern Colonies, 30-44, Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama
Press. DED 100 JOS
Wheaton, T.R. and Garrow, P.H. 1985. Acculturation and the Archaeological Record in the
Carolina Lowcountry, in T. Singleton (ed.) The Archaeology of Slavery and Plantation
Life, 239-59, Orlando: Academic Press. DED 100 SIN
Ethnicity, Religion and Creolization
Barnes, J.A. and C. Steen. 2012. Archaeology and Heritage of the Gullah People: A Call to
Action. Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage 1: 167-224
Brown, D.H. 2003. Santeria Enthroned: Art, Ritual and Innovation in an Afro-Cuban Religion. Chi:
U Chicago Press (esp. Chapter 1 ‘Black Royalty’). ANTH WX 240 BRO
Brown, Ras Michael 2002 “Walk in the Feenda” West-Central Africans and the Forest in
the South Carolina-Georgia Low Country. in L.M. Heywood (ed.) Central Africans and
Cultural Transformations in the American Diaspora. pp. 289-317. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. DCF HEY
Fennell, C.C. 2007. Bakongo Identity and Symbolic Expression in the Americas, in A.
Ogundiran and T. Falola (eds.) Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African
Diaspora. pp.199-232, Bloomington: Indiana University Press. DCG OGU
Ferguson, Leland G. “The Cross is a Magic Sign”: Marks on Eighteenth Century Bowls from
South Carolina. In T. Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am America” Archaeological Studies of
African-American Life . pp. 116-31. Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100
SIN
Fernandez Olmos, M. and L Paravisini-Gebert. 2003. Creole Religions of the Caribbean. New
York: New York University Press. MAIN LATIN AM HIST A 155 FER
Gomez, Michael A. 1998 Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African
Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South. Chapel Hill: The University of North
Carolina Press. Main Library: AMERICAN HISTORY A 423 GOM
Hall, G.M. 2005. Slavery and African Ethnicities in the Americas. Chapel Hill: University of
North Carolina Press. HISTORY 82 bua HAL
9
Hall, Gwendolyn Midlo 1992. Africans in Colonial Louisiana: the development of AfroCreole Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Baton Rouge: LSU Press. MAIN (Am Hist)
D430 CRE
Konadu, K. 2010. The Akan Diaspora in the Americas. Oxford: OUP.
Leone, MP; J. Knauf and A. Tang 2014. Ritual Bundle in Colonial Annapolis, in A Ogundiran and
P Saunders eds. pp.198-215, Materialities of Ritual in the Black Atlantic. Indiana: Indiana
University Press. SOAS
*Lovejoy, Paul E. 2000. Identifying Enslaved Africans in the African Diaspora. in P.E.
Lovejoy (ed.) Identity in the Shadow of Slavery. pp.1-29. London: Continuum. ANTH
Q25 LOV and Institute TC 2834
MacDonald, K.C. 2014. 'A Chacun son Bambara', encore une fois: History, Archaeology
and Bambara Origins. In Richard, F., MacDonald, K.C. (Eds.), Ethnic Ambiguity and the
African Past. pp. 119-144, Walnut Creek, California: Left Coast Press. DC 100 RIC
Morgan, Phillip D. 2006. Archaeology and History in the Study of African-Americans. In J.
Haviser and K. MacDonald (eds.) African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the
Diaspora. 53-61, London: Routledge. DED 100 HAV
Rey, Terry 2002. Kongolese Catholic Influences on Haitian Popular Catholicism: a
sociohistorical exploration. in L.M. Heywood (ed.) Central Africans and Cultural
Transformations in the American Diaspora. pp. 265-85. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press. DCF HEY
Schweigler, A. 2006. Bantu elements in Palenque (Colombia: Anthropological,
archaeological and linguistic evidence, In J. Haviser and K. MacDonald (eds.) African
Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora. 204-22, London: UCL Press.
DED 100 HAV
Stewart, C. 2007. Creolization: History, Ethnography, Theory. Walnut Creek (CA): Left
Coast Press. ANTH F20 STE
The Cane River Project and the Archaeology of ‘Free People of Color’
MacDonald, K.C., D.W. Morgan, and F.J.L. Handley 2002/2003. Cane River: the
archaeology of ‘Free People of Color’ in Colonial Louisiana. Archaeology International
6: 52-55. Institute Periodicals
MacDonald, K.C., D.W Morgan, and F.J.L. Handley. 2006. The Cane River African Diaspora
Archaeological Project: Prospectus and Initial Results In J. Haviser and K. MacDonald
(eds.) African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora. 123-44,
London: UCL Press. DED 100 HAV
*MacDonald,K.C., D.W. Morgan, F.J.L. Handley, A.L. Lee, E. Morley 2006. The Archaeology
of Local Myths and Heritage Tourism: The Case of Cane River's Melrose Plantation. in
Layton,R., Shennan,S.J., Stone,P. (eds.) A Future for Archaeology: The Past in the
Present. London: UCL Press, 127-142. ARCH AG LAY
*MacDonald, K.C. and D.W. Morgan. 2012. African Earthen Structures in Colonial
Louisiana: architecture from the Coincoin plantation (1786-1816),” Antiquity 86:
161-177. Institute Periodicals
*Morgan, D.W. and K.C. MacDonald, 2011. “Colonoware in Western Louisiana:
makers and meaning,” in K. Kelly and M. Hardy (eds.) The Archaeology of
the French Colonial Archaeology in the Southeast and the Caribbean, 117151, Gainesville: University Press of Florida. DGE KEL
Mills, Gary B. 1977. The Forgotten People: Cane River’s Creoles of Color. Baton Rouge:
LSU Press. MAIN (Am Hist) A430 CRE
10
Presenting the African Diaspora as Heritage
American Plantations and Museums
Chappell, Edward A. 1999. Museums and American Slavery. In T. Singleton (ed.) “I Too Am
America” Archaeological Studies of African-American Life . pp. 240-58.
Charlottesville: University of Virginia. DED 100 SIN
Eichstedt, Jenifer L. and Stephen Small 2002. Representations of Slavery: Race and
Ideology in Southern Plantation Museums. Washington, DC: Smithsonian. DED 100
EIC
*Gable, E., R. Handler and A. Lawson 1992. On the Uses of Relativism: Fact Conjecture,
and Black and White Histories at Colonial Williamsburg, American Ethnologist 19:
791-805. online Periodicals
Handler, R. and E. Gable 1997. The New History in the Old Museum: creating the past at
Colonial Williamsburg. London: Duke University Press.
Hansen, J. and G. McGowan. 1998. Breaking Ground, Breaking Silence: the story of New
Yorks African Burial Ground. New York: Henry Holt.
Haviser, J. 2005. Slaveryland: A new genre of African Heritage Abuse, Public Archaeology
4:27-34. Online
LaRoche, C.J. and M.L. Blakey 1997. Seizing Intellectual Power: the Dialogue at the New
York African Burial Ground. Historical Archaeology 31:84-106. Senate House
Periodicals
McDavid, Carol 1997. Descendents, Decisions, and Power: the Public Interpretation of the
Archaeology of the Levi-Jordan Plantation. Historical Archaeology 31: 114-31.
Senate House Periodicals
*Morgan, D.W., K.C. MacDonald and F.J.L. Handley 2006. Economics and
Authenticity: a collision of interpretations in the Cane River National Heritage
Area, Louisiana, The George Wright Forum 23, 44-61. available online
*Singleton, Theresa 1997. Facing the Challenges of a Public African-American
Archaeology. Historical Archaeology 31: 146-52. Senate House Periodicals.
Slavery-related sites in Africa
Bellagamba, A. 2009. Back to the Land of Roots: African Tourism and Cultural Heritage of
the Gambia. Cahiers d’Etudes Africaines 49: 453-76. Available online
Bruner,E.M. 1996. Tourism in Ghana: the Representation of Slavery and the Return of the
Black Diaspora. American Anthropologist 98: 290-304. Available online
*Osei-Tutu, B. 2006, Contested Monuments: African Americans and the Commoditization
of Ghana’s slave castles, in J. Haviser and K. MacDonald (eds.) African Re-Genesis:
Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora, pp.9-19, London: UCL Press. DED 100 HAV
Handley, F.J.L. 2006. Back to Africa: Issues of hosting “Roots” tourism in West Africa, in
J. Haviser and K. MacDonald (eds.) African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in
the Diaspora, pp.20-31, London: UCL Press. DED 100 HAV
Thiaw, I. 2008. Every House has a Story: the archaeology of Gorée Island, Senegal. In L.
Sansone et al. eds. Africa, Brazil and the Construction of Trans-Atlantic Black
Identities, pp. 45-62, Trenton: Africa World Press. SOAS library
Wynne-Jones, S. 2011. Recovering and Remembering a Slave Route in Central Tanzania. In P.J.
Lane and K.C. MacDonald (eds.) Slavery in Africa: Archaeology and Memory, 317342, Oxford: Oxford University Press (for the British Academy). DC 100 LAN
11
Diaspora Mortuary Archaeology
African Burial Ground Project Office, Final Archaeological Reports. Full access online at:
http://www.africanburialground.gov/ABG_FinalReports.htm
*Blakely, A. 2006. Putting Flesh on the Bones: History-Anthropology collaboration on the
New York City African Burial Ground Project, In J. Haviser and K. MacDonald (eds.)
African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora. 62-69, London: UCL
Press. DED 100 HAV
*Handler, Jerome S. and Frederick W. Lange. 1978. Plantation Slavery in Barbados: an
archaeological and historical investigation. New York Academic Press (read Chapter 6
on “The Mortuary Patterns of Plantation Slaves”). DGE HAN
Handler, Jerome S. 1994. Determing African Birth from Skeletal Remains: a note on tooth
mutilation. Historical Archaeology 28: 113-19. Senate House Periodicals
Handler, Jerome S. 1997. An African-type healer/diviner and his grave goods: a burial
from a plantation slave cemetery in Barbados, West Indies. International Journal of
Historical Archaeology 1: 91-130. Institute Periodicals
Khudabux, Mohammed R. 1999. Effects of Life Conditions on the Health of a Negro Slave
Community in Suriname. In J.B. Haviser (ed.) African Sites Archaeology in the
Caribbean. pp.291-312. Princeton/Kingston: Marcus Wiener/Ian Randle. DGE HAV
Watters, D.R. 1994. Mortuary Patterns at the Harney Site Slave Cemetery, Montserrat, in
Caribbean Perspective. Historical Archaeology 28:56-73. Senate House Periodicals
Other Diasporas: Africans in the Indian Ocean World and Europe
Bindman, D. and H.L. Gates Jr. 2010. The Image of the Black in Western Art (4 volumes).
Cambridge (Mass, USA): Harvard University Press. Main Library: ART BC30 BIN
De Silva Jayasuriya, S. & Pankhurst, R. (eds) 2003 The African diaspora in the Indian
Ocean. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press (in particular chapter by Alpers) (available in
the SOAS library)
De Silva Jayasuriya, S. 2015. Indians of African Descent. Special Book Issue of Journal of African
Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage 4: 1 – 114.
Eltis, D. and S.L. Engerman 2000. The Importance of Slavery and the Slave Trade to
Industrializing Britain. The Journal of Economic History 60: 123-144. UCL online
journals.
Smidak, E. 1996. Joseph Boulogne, called Chevalier de Saint-Georges. Lucerne: Avenira.
STORE 02-08475
*Walz, J. & Brandt, S. 2006. Towards an archaeology of the other African diaspora: The
slave trade and dispersed Africans in the western Indian Ocean. In J. Haviser & K.
MacDonald African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora. 246-268.
UCL Press/Left Coast Press DED 100 HV
Woodard, H. 1999. African-British Writings in the Eighteenth Century: the politics of race
and reason. Westport: Greenwood MAIN ENGLISH L 12 WOO
12
Essay I Options
Choose one of the three topics below for your first essay. Deadline is 22nd
February.
(2375 to 2625 words, excluding references).
1) Discuss whether or not archaeologists can document the presence and nature of
slavery in pre-colonial Sub-Saharan Africa. Justify your response using at least
three case studies from the literature.
2) Evaluate the impacts of the peak Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade on the polities and
peoples of West and Central Africa c. AD 1600-1800. How were these impacts
different from those of the Trans-Saharan Slave Trade which had existed since at
least the first millennium AD?
3) Based upon evidence presented in the readings, evaluate who made North American
Colonowares and whether or not it really matters.
Essay II Options
Choose one of the three topics below for your 2nd essay. Deadline is 22nd April.
(2375 to 2625 words, excluding references).
1) It appears that some elements of African Ethnicity endured in the New World: are there
regional differences in such continuities, and if so why?
2) Consider the pitfalls of presenting the history of slavery at heritage sites in Africa and
the Americas. How should this issue be better presented to a diverse visitor groups?
3) Write a prospectus for future African Diaspora work in the country and/or region of
your choice, considering relevant historical and anthropological literature.
13
APPENDIX A: POLICIES AND PROCEDURES 2015-16 (PLEASE READ CAREFULLY)
This appendix provides a short précis of policies and procedures relating to courses. It is
not a substitute for the full documentation, with which all students should become
familiar. For full information on Institute policies and procedures, see the following
website: http://wiki.ucl.ac.uk/display/archadmin
For UCL policies and procedures, see the Academic Regulations and the UCL Academic
Manual:
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/srs/academic-regulations ; http://www.ucl.ac.uk/academic-manual/
GENERAL MATTERS
ATTENDANCE: A minimum attendance of 70% is required. A register will be taken at
each class. If you are unable to attend a class, please notify the lecturer
by email.
DYSLEXIA: If you have dyslexia or any other disability, please discuss with your lecturers
whether there is any way in which they can help you. Students with dyslexia should
indicate it on each coursework cover sheet.
COURSEWORK
INSTITUTE OF ARCHAELOGY COURSEWORK PROCEDURES
General policies and procedures concerning courses and coursework,
including submission procedures, assessment criteria, and general
resources, are available in your Degree Handbook and on the following
website: http://wiki.ucl.ac.uk/display/archadmin. It is essential that
you read and comply with these. Note that some of the policies and
procedures will be different depending on your status (e.g.
undergraduate, postgraduate taught, affiliate, graduate diploma,
intercollegiate, interdepartmental). If in doubt, please consult your
course co-ordinator.
GRANTING OF EXTENSIONS: .
New UCL-wide regulations with regard to the granting of extensions for
coursework have been introduced with effect from the 2015-16
session. Full details are available here
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/srs/academic-manual/c4/extenuatingcircumstances/
Note that Course Coordinators are no longer permitted to grant extensions.
All requests for extensions must be submitted on a new UCL form,
together with supporting documentation, via Judy Medrington’s office
and will then be referred on for consideration. Please be aware that
the grounds that are now acceptable are limited. Those with long-term
difficulties should contact UCL Student Disability Services to make
special arrangements.
TURNITIN: Date-stamping is via Turnitin, so in addition to submitting hard copy, you
must also submit your work to Turnitin by midnight on the deadline day.
If you have questions or problems with Turnitin, contact ioa-turnitin@ucl.ac.uk.
14
RETURN OF COURSEWORK AND RESUBMISSION: You should receive your marked
coursework within four calendar weeks of the submission deadline. If you do not
receive your work within this period, or a written explanation, notify the Academic
Administrator. When your marked essay is returned to you, return it to the Course
Co-ordinator within two weeks. You must retain a copy of all coursework submitted.
WORD LENGTH: Essay word-lengths are normally expressed in terms of a recommended
range. Not included in the word count are the bibliography, appendices, tables,
graphs, captions to figures, tables, graphs. You must indicate word length (minus
exclusions) on the cover sheet. Exceeding the maximum word-length expressed for
the essay will be penalized in accordance with UCL penalties for over-length work.
CITING OF SOURCES and AVOIDING PLAGIARISM : Coursework must be expressed in
your own words, citing the exact source (author, date and page number;
website address if applicable) of any ideas, information, diagrams, etc., that are
taken from the work of others. This applies to all media (books, articles, websites,
images, figures, etc.). Any direct quotations from the work of others must
be indicated as such by being placed between quotation marks. Plagiarism
is a very serious irregularity, which can carry heavy penalties. It is your responsibility
to abide by requirements for presentation, referencing and avoidance of plagiarism.
Make sure you understand definitions of plagiarism and the procedures and penalties
as detailed in UCL regulations: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/currentstudents/guidelines/plagiarism
RESOURCES
MOODLE: Please ensure you are signed up to the course on Moodle. For help with
Moodle, please contact Nicola Cockerton, Room 411a (nicola.cockerton@ucl.ac.uk).
15