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Paper 3 Advanced Human Options
October/November 2010
INSERT
1 hour 30 minutes
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
This Insert contains all the Figures referred to in the questions.
This document consists of 6 printed pages and 2 blank pages.
IB10 11_9696_31_INSERT/4RP
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GEOGRAPHY
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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level
2
Figs 1A and 1B for Question 2
World steel production, 1998 and 2008
1998
Total production of crude steel = 777 million tonnes
Others*
8.9 %
EU
24.6 %
Other Asia
11.5 %
Other Europe
2.2 %
Japan
12.0 %
CIS
9.5 %
China
14.7 %
NAFTA
16.6 %
* Others: Africa 1.6 %, Middle East 1.2 %, South America 4.8 %, Australia and New Zealand 1.3 %
Fig. 1A
Key
EU = European Union
NAFTA = North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement
CIS = Commonwealth of Independent States
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3
2008
Total production of crude steel = 1,327 million tonnes
Others*
6.9 %
Other Asia
11.2 %
EU
14.9 %
Other Europe
2.4 %
CIS
8.6 %
Japan
9.0 %
NAFTA
9.3 %
China
37.7 %
* Others: Africa 1.3 %, Middle East 1.3 %, South America 3.7 %, Australia and New Zealand 0.6 %
Fig. 1B
Key
EU = European Union
NAFTA = North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement
CIS = Commonwealth of Independent States
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4
Fig. 2 for Question 4
Water quality of the River Rhine, Europe, 1975 and 1989
North Sea
The Hague
Rotterdam
Ochten
Arnhem
Nijmegen
Wesel
Duisburg
Düsseldorf
Cologne
Bonn
N
Koblenz
Wiesbaden
Mainz
Ludwigshafen
Mannheim
Heidelberg
Key
Karlsruhe
water quality
4
3–4
3
2–3
2
1–2
1
extremely polluted
Strasbourg
very polluted
Freiburg
moderately polluted
Basel
effectively pollution-free
Schaffhausen
major town
A
B
C
D
E
salt loading (chloride, etc)
nutrients (nitrates, phosphates)
oxygen content
ammonium
organic pollutants
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1975
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ABCDE
1989
5
Fig. 3 for Question 6
Website information about wilderness tourism
Tourism in Antarctica
Small-scale tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s, with commercial tour operators
providing passenger ships for adventurous travellers. The first specially designed,
ice-strengthened cruise ship visited the continent in 1969. Since then the industry has
grown considerably, particularly since the early 1990s, with numbers of tourists
increasing from under 9 000 in 1992/93 to over 37 000 in 2008/09.
Tourists being taken ashore from a cruise ship at Whalers bay.
All tour operators providing visits to Antarctica are members of the International
Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO), which seeks to ensure that tourism
in Antarctica is conducted in a safe and environmentally friendly way. IAATO is
comprised of more than 100 companies from Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada,
Chile, Falkland Islands, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom and the United States.
The Antarctic Treaty recognises tourism as a legitimate activity in Antarctica, and
seeks that tourist visits are managed responsibly.
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Fig. 4 for Question 8
Disparities in HDI between rich and poor for selected countries, 2007
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
HDI *
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
Spain
Poland
Brazil
Viet Nam
India
Ethiopia
country
* The Human Development Index (HDI) is based on measures of income,
education and life expectancy
Key
richest 20 %
average person
poorest 20 %
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reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
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