Reference Authors Last Authors Year

advertisement
Reference
Number
Authors Last
Name
Authors
Initials
Year
Citation
1
Schoettle
A.W.
2004
Schoettle, A.W. 2004. Developing Proactive Management Options to Sustain Bristlecone and Limber Pine Ecosystems in the Presence of
a Non-Native Pathogen. In: Silviculture in special places: Proceedings of the National Silviculture Workshop; 2003 Sept 8-11; WD
Shepperd and LG Eskew, compilers. Proceedings RMRS-P-34. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Montain Research Station. pp 146-155.
2
Howard
J.L.
2004
3
Critchfield
W.B.
1966
4
Hawksworth
F.G.
1980
5
Ryerson
A.D.
1983
6
7
Bailey
Arno
D.K.
S.F.
1970
1984
8
9
10
Kearney
Hickman
Munz
T.H.
J.C.
P.A.
1960
1993
1974
11
12
13
Arno
Charlet
Harrington
S.F.
D.A.
H.D.
1990
1996
1964
14
Douglass
M.M.
1955
15
Schlatter
E.F.
1972
16
17
Pfister
Martin
R.D.
W.C.
1977
1981
18
Cole
D.N.
1982
19
Welsh
S.L.
1987
20
Howard
J.L.
2002
21
Brunstein
F.C.
1992
22
Stohlgren
T.J.
2002
23
Bowman
W.D.
2002
Howard, Janet L. 2004. Pinus balfouriana. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fires Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: www.fs.fed.us/database/feis [2005, March 17]
Critchfield, William B.; Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1966. Geographic distribution of the pines of the world. Misc. Publ. 991. Washington, DC: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 97 p.
Hawksworth, Frank G.; Bailey, D. K. 1980. Bristlecone pine. In: Eyre, F. H., ed. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada.
Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters: 89-90.
Ryerson, A. Diane. 1983. Population structure of Pinus balfouriana Grev. & Balf. along the margins of its distribution area in the Sierran
and Klamath regions of California. Sacramento, CA: California State University. 197 p. Thesis.
Bailey, D. K. 1970. Phytogeography and taxonomy of Pinus subsection Balfourianae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 57: 210249.
Arno, S.F. and Hammerly, R.P. 1984. Timberline: Mountain and artic forest frontiers. Seattle: Mountaineers Books.
Kearney, Thomas H.; Peebles, Robert H.; Howell, John Thomas; McClintock, Elizabeth. 1960. Arizona flora. 2d ed. Berkeley, CA:
University of California Press. 1085 p.
Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p
Munz, Philip A. 1974. A flora of southern California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1086 p.
Arno, Stephen F.; Hoff, Raymond J. 1990. Pinus albicaulis Engelm. whitebark pine. In: Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H., technical
coordinators. Silvics of North America. Volume 1. Conifers. Agric. Handb. 654. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service: 268-279.
Charlet, David Alan.1996. Atlas of Nevada Conifers; A Phytogeographic Reference. University of Nevada Press. Reno, NV.
Harrington, H. D. 1964. Manual of the plants of Colorado. 2d ed. Chicago: The Swallow Press, Inc. 666 p.
Douglass, Margaret M.; Douglass, John R. 1955. The distribution and growth of the limber pine in Colorado. Colorado-Wyoming Academy
of Science Journal. 4(7): 46- 47.
Schlatterer, Edward F. 1972. A preliminary description of plant communities found on the Sawtooth, White Cloud, Boulder and Pioneer
Mountains. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region. Unpublished paper on file with: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT. 111 p.
Pfister, Robert D.; Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Arno, Stephen F.; Presby, Richard C. 1977. Forest habitat types of Montana. Gen. Tech. Rep.
INT-34. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 174 p.
Martin, William C.; Hutchins, Charles R. 1981. A flora of New Mexico. Volume 2. Germany: J. Cramer. 2589 p.
Cole, David N. 1982. Vegetation of two drainages in Eagle Cap Wilderness, Wallowa Mountains, Oregon. Res. Pap. INT-288. Ogden, UT:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 42
Welsh, Stanley L.; Atwood, N. Duane; Goodrich, Sherel; Higgins, Larry C., eds. 1987. A Utah flora. The Great Basin Naturalist Memoir
No. 9. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 894 p.
Howard, Janet L. (2002, July). Pinus albicaulis. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [ 2005,
Brunstein, F. Craig; Yamaguchi, David K. 1992. The oldest known Rocky Mountain bristlecone pines (Pinus aristata Engelm.). Arctic and
Alpine Research. 24(3): 253-256.
Stohlgren,T.J., Veblen, T.T., Kendall, K.C., Baker, W.L., Allen, C.D., Logan, J.A., Ryan, K.C. 2002, The Heart of the Rockies: Montane
and Subalpine Ecosystems. In Rocky Mountain Futures: an ecological perspective, ed. by J.S. Baron. Island Press. Washington DC.
Bowman, W.D., Cairns, D.M., Baron, J.S., Seastedt, T.R. 2002. Islands in the Sky: Alpine and Treeline Ecosystems of the Rockies. In
Rocky Mountain Futures: an ecological perspective, ed. by J.S. Baron. Island Press. Washington DC.
24
Howard
J.L.
2004
25
Moir
W.H.
1993
26
Krebs
P.H.
1972
27
Baker
W.L.
1992
28
Ranne
B.M.
1997
29
Sheils
A.B.
30
31
Bare
Lanner
B.B.
R.M.
1982
1985
32
LaMarche
V.C
1972
33
34
35
Howard
Lanner
Kartesz
J.L.
R.M.
J.T.
2004
1999
1988
36
Roy
D.G.
1999
37
Sawyer
J.O.
1995
38
Eckert
A.J.
2002
39
Mastroguiseppe
R.J.
1980
40
Web
41
42
Mastroguiseppe
Barbour
R.J.
M.G.
1968
1977
43
44
Kuchler
Lanner
A.W.
R.M.
1964
1996
45
Barney
C.W.
1980
46
Girard
M.M.
1985
47
Steele
R.
1990
48
Mauk
R.L.
1984
2001
2004
Howard, Janet L. 2004. Pinus aristata. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fires Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: www.fs.fed.us/database/feis [2005, March 17]
Moir, W. H. 1993. Alpine tundra and coniferous forest. In: Dick-Peddie, William A., ed. New Mexico vegetation: Past, present, and future.
Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press: 47-84.
Krebs, Paula Hagan. 1972. Dendrochronology and the distribution of bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata Engelm.) in Colorado. Boulder, CO:
University of Colorado. 211 p. Dissertation.
Baker, William L. 1992. Structure, disturbance, and change in the bristlecone pine forests of Colorado, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine
Research. 24(1): 17-26.
Ranne, B.M., Baker, W.L., Andrews, T., Ryan, M.G. 1997. Natural variability of vegetation, soils, and physiography in the bristlecone
pine forests of the Rocky Mountains. Great Basin Naturalist 57(1). 21-37.
Shiels, Aaron B.; Sanford, Robert L., Jr. 2001. Soil nutrient differences between two krummholz-form tree species and adjacent alpine
tundra. Geoderma. 102(3-4): 205-217.
Bare, B. Bruce. 1982. The economics of true fir management. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the
biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma. Contribution No. 45.
Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 9-14.
Lanner, Ronald M. 1985. Effectiveness of the seed wing of Pinus flexilis in wind dispersal. The Great Basin Naturalist. 45(2): 318-320.
LaMarche, Valmore C., Jr.; Mooney, Harold A. 1972. Recent climatic change and development of the bristlecone pine (P. longaeva
Bailey) krummholz zone, Mt. Washington, Nevada. Arctic and Alpine Research. 4(1): 61-72.
Howard, Janet L. 2004. Pinus longaeva. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fires Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: www.fs.fed.us/database/feis [2005, March 17]
Lanner, Ronald M. 1999. Conifers of California. Los Olivos, CA: Cachuma Press. 274 p.
Kartesz, John Thomas. 1988. A flora of Nevada. Reno, NV: University of Nevada. 1729 p. [In 3 volumes]. Dissertation.
Roy, D. Graham; Vankat, John L. 1999. Reversal of human-induced vegetation changes in Sequoia National Park, California. Canadian
Journal of Forest Research. 29(4): 399-412.
Sawyer, John O.; Keeler-Wolf, Todd. 1995. A manual of California vegetation. Misc. Report. Sacramento, CA: California Native Plant
Society Press. 412 p.
Eckert, Andrew J.; Sawyer, John O. 2002. Foxtail pine importance and conifer diversity in the Klamath Mountains and southern Sierra
Nevada, California. Madrono. 49(1): 33-45.
Mastroguiseppe, R. J.; Mastroguiseppe, J. D. 1980. A study of Pinus balfouriana Grev. & Balf. (Pinaceae). Systematic Botany. 5(1): 86104.
American Forests. 2004. Colorado bristlecone pine: Pinus aristata. In: National register of big trees, [Online]. Available:
http://www.americanforests.org/resources/bigtrees/ [2005, March].
Mastroguiseppe, R. J. 1968. Geographic variation in foxtail pine. Progress Report. Placerville, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station; Institute of Forest Genetics. 15 p. On file with: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT.
Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. 1977. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1002 p.
Kuchler, A. W. 1964. United States [Potential natural vegetation of the conterminous United States]. Special Publication No. 36. New
York: American Geographical Society. 1:3,168,000; colored.
Lanner, Ronald M. 1996. Made for each other: a symbiosis of birds and pines. New York: Oxford University Press. 160 p.
Barney, C. W. 1980. Limber pine. In: Eyre, F. H., ed. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of
American Foresters: 98-99.
Girard, Michele Marie. 1985. Native woodland ecology and habitat classification of southwestern North Dakota. Fargo, ND: North Dakota
State University. 314 p. Dissertation.
Steele, Robert. 1990. Pinus flexilis James limber pine. In: Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H., technical coordinators. Silvics of
North America. Volume 1. Conifers. Agric. Handb. 654.. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 348-354.
Mauk, R.L. and Henderson J.A. 1984. Coniferous forest habitat types of northern Utah. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report
INT-170. Intermountain Forest and Range Experinebt Station, Ogden UT. Pp. 89.
49
Hall
F.C.
1973
50
Lillybridge
T.R.
1995
51
Williams
C.K.
1983
52
53
Holland
Baker
R.F.
F.S.
1986
1944
54
Weaver
T.
2001
55
Howard
J.L.
2002
56
Hansen-Bristow
K.
1990
57
Web
58
59
Richardson
Web
D.M.
1998
2005
60
Keeley
J.E.
1998
61
62
Lanner
McCune
R.M.
B.
1990
1988
63
Vander Wall
S.B.
1977
64
Lanner
R.M.
1988
65
Lanner
R.M.
1996
66
Lanner
R.M.
1984
67
Hutchins
H.E.
1982
68
Lanner
R.M.
1980
69
Tomback
D.F.
2001
70
71
Woodmansee
Currey
R.G.
D.R
1977
1965
2003
Hall, Frederick C. 1973. Plant communities of the Blue Mountains in eastern Oregon and southeastern Washington. R6-Area Guide 3-1.
Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 82 p.
Lillybridge, Terry R.; Kovalchik, Bernard L.; Williams, Clinton K.; Smith, Bradley G. 1995. Field guide for forested plant associations of
the Wenatchee National Forest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-359. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Research Station. 335 p. In cooperation with: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region,
Wenatchee National Forest.
Williams, Clinton K.; Lillybridge, Terry R. 1983. Forested plant associations of the Okanogan National Forest. R6-Ecol-132b. Portland,
OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 116 p.
Holland, Robert F. 1986. Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of California. Sacramento, CA: California
Department of Fish and Game. 156 p.
Baker, F.S. 1944. Mountain climates of the Western United States. Ecological Monographs. 14(2): 233-254.
Weaver, T. 2001. Whitebark pine and its environment. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds. Whitebark pine
communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 41-73.
Howard, Janet L. (2002, July). Pinus albicaulis. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [ 2005,
March 30]
Hansen-Bristow, K., Montagne, C., Schmid, G. 1990. Geology, geomorphology, and soils within whitebark pine ecosystems. In: Schmidt,
Wyman C.; McDonald, Kathy J., compilers. Proceedings--symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a
high-mountain resource; 1989 March 29-31; Bozeman, MT. Gen Tech. Rep. INT-270. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Intermountain Research Station: 62-71.
eNature.com, Inc. 2003. eNature Online Field Guides. Needle-leaf Conifers.[Online]. Available:
http://www.enature.com/guides/select_Trees.asp [2005, April 4]
Richardson D. M. & Rundel P.W. 1998. Ecology and biogeography of Pinus: an introduction. In Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, ed.
Richardson D.M. pp 5-7. Cambridge University Press.
Flora of North America [Online] Available: http://hua.huh.harvard.edu/FNA/
Keeley, J.E. and Zedler, P.H. 1998. Evolution of life histories in Pinus. In Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, ed. Richardson D.M. pp 57. Cambridge University Press.
Lanner, Ronald M. 1990. Morphological differences between wind-dispersed and bird-dispersed pines of subgenus Strobus. In: Schmidt,
Wyman C.; McDonald, Kathy J., compilers. Proceedings--symposium on whitebark pine ecosystems: ecology and management of a
high-mountain resource; 1989 March 29-31; Bozeman, MT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-270. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Intermountain Research Station: 371-372.
McCune, Bruce. 1988. Ecological diversity in North American pines. American Journal of Botany. 75(3): 353-368.
Vander Wall, Stephen B.; Balda, Russell P. 1977. Coadaptations of the Clark's nutcracker and the pinon pine for efficient seed harvest
and dispersal. Ecological Monographs. 47: 89-111.
Lanner, Ronald M. 1988. Dependence of Great Basin bristlecone pine on Clark's nutcracker for regeneration at high elevations. Arctic and
Alpine Research. 20(3): 358-362.
Lanner, Ronald M. 1996. Deviations. In: Lanner, Ronald M. Made for each other: a symbiosis of birds and pines. New York: Oxford
University Press: 98-106.
Lanner, Ronald M.; Hutchins, Harry E.; Lanner, Harriette A. 1984. Bristlecone pine and Clark's nutcracker: probable interaction in the
White Mountains, California. Great Basin Naturalist. 44(2): 357-360.
Hutchins, H. E.; Lanner, R. M. 1982. The central role of Clark's nutcracker in the dispersal and establishment of whitebark pine.
Oecologia. 55: 192-201.
Lanner, Ronald M.; Vander Wall, Stephen B. 1980. Dispersal of limber pine seed by Clark's nutcracker. Journal of Forestry. 78(10): 637639.
Tomback, Diana F. 2001. Clark's nutcracker: agent of regeneration. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds.
Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 88-104.
Woodmansee, Robert G. 1977. Clusters of limber pine trees: a hypothesis of plant-animal coaction. Southwest Naturalist. 21(4): 511-517.
Currey, Donald R. 1965. An ancient bristlecone pine stand in eastern Nevada. Ecology. 46(4): 564-566.
72
Lanner
R.M.
2001
73
Schoettle
A.W.
1994
74
75
Fritts
Schulman
H.C.
E.
1969
1956
76
Storer
T.I.
1963
77
Perkins
D.L.
1996
78
Graves
H.S.
1917
79
Graumlich
L.J.
1991
80
Kruckeberg
A.R.
1984
81
McCaughey
W.W.
2001
82
Lewis
M.E.
1971
84
Schoettle
A.W.
2000
85
Samman
S.
2003
86
McDonald
G.I.
2001
87
Keane
R.E.
2002
88
Logan
J.A.
2001
89
Wilent
S.
2005
95
96
Schoettle
Hagle
A.W.
S.
2004
1994
97
Tomback
D.F.
2001
98
Kendall
K.C.
2001
99
100
101
102
103
Wilent
Web
Web
Web
VandeWater
S.
2005
2005
2005
2005
200?
J.
Lanner, R. M.; Connor, K. F. 2001. Does bristlecone pine senesce? Experimental Gerontology. 36(4-6): 675-685.
Schoettle, Anna W. 1994. Influence of tree size on shoot structure and physiology of Pinus contorta and Pinus aristata. Tree Physiology.
14: 1055-1068.
Fritts, Harold C. 1969. Bristlecone pine in the White Mountains of California: growth and ring-width characteristics. Papers of the
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research. No. 4. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press. 44 p.
Dendroclimatic changes in semiarid America. University of Arizona Press, Tuscon. P.142
Storer, Tracy I.; Usinger, Robert L. 1963. Sierra Nevada natural history: An illustrated handbook. Berkeley, CA: University of California
Press. 374 p.
Perkins, Dana L.; Swetnam, Thomas W. 1996. A dendroecological assessment of whitebark pine in the Sawtooth--Salmon River region,
Idaho. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 26: 2123-2133.
Graves, Henry S. 1917. The pine trees of the Rocky Mountain region. Bulletin No. 460. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service. 48 p.
Graumlich, Lisa J. 1991. Subalpine tree growth, climate, and increasing CO2: an assessment of recent growth trends. Ecology. 72(1): 111.
Kruckeberg, Arthur R. 1984. California serpentines: flora, vegetation, geology, soils and management problems. Publications in Botany
Volume 48. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 180 p.
McCaughey, Ward W.; Tomback, Diana F. 2001. The natural regeneration process. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen F.; Keane,
Robert E., eds. Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 105-120.
Lewis, Mont E. 1971. Flora and major plant communities of the Ruby-East Humboldt Mountains with special emphasis on Lamoille
Canyon. Elko, NV: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Region 4, Humboldt National Forest. 62 p.
Schoettle, A.W. and Rochelle, S.G. 2000. Morphological variation of Pinus flexilis (Pinaceae), a bird-dispersed pine, across a range of
elevation. American Journal of Botany. 87:1797-1806.
Samman, Safiya; Schwandt, J.W.; Wilson, J.L. 2003. Managing for Healthy White Pine Ecosystems in the United States to Reduce the
Impacts of White Pine Blister Rust. Forest Service Report R1-03-118. Missoula, MT: Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 10p.
McDonald, G.I., Hoff, R.J. 2001. Blister Rust: An Introduced Plague. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds.
Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 195-220.
Keane, Robert E.; Ryan, Kevin C.; Veblen, Tom T.; Allen, Craig D.; Logan, Jessie; Hawkes, Brad 2002. Cascading effects of fire
exclusion in the Rocky Mountain ecosystems: a literature review General Technical Report. RMRS-GTR-91. Fort Collins, CO: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 24 p..
Logan, J.A. and Powell, J.A. 2001. Ghost Forests, Global Warming and the Mountain Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). American
Entomologist. 47:3 160-173.
Wilent, S. 2005. Mountain Pine Beetles Threaten Candian, US Forests Invasive, Native Species May Cross Canada and Enter United
States. The Forestry Source. Society of American Foresters. Vol. 10, No. 5, Pgs. 1 & 4
Schoettle, A.W. 2004. Ecological Roles of Five-Needle Pines in Colorado: Potential Consequences of Their Loss. In: Sniezko, R.A,
Samman, S. Schlarcaum, S.E. Kriebel, H.B. eds. 2004. Breeding and genetic resources of five-needle pines: growth, adaptabilty and pest
resistanct; 2001 July 23-27; Medford, OR.
Hagle, S. 1994. Pathogens of Whitebark Pine. In Nutcraker Notes. November 10, 1994 number 4.
Tomback, D.F., Arno, S.F., Keane, R.E. 2001. The compelling Case for Management Intervention. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen
F.; Keane, Robert E., eds. Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 3-25.
Kendall, K.C and Keane, R.E. 2001. Whitebark Pine Decline: Infection, Mortality, and Population Trends. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno,
Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds. Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 222-242.
Willent, S. 2005. Mountain Pine Beetles Threaten Canadian, US Forests; Invasive, Native Species May Cross Canada and Enter United
States. The Forestry Source, Society of American Foresters, Vol. 10 No. 5.
The National Arbor Day Foundation Website. Available: (http://www.arborday.org/trees/TreeID.cfm)
Great Basin National Park website. (http://www.nps.gov/grba/bristleconepine_id.htm)
Nearactica website. Available:http://www.nearctica.com/trees/conifer/pinus/Pbalf.htm
Distribution maps created by Joyce VanDeWater
104
Web
105
106
Geils
Web
B.W.
1999
2005
107
108
Van Arsel
Zambino
E.P.
P.
2004
2005
109
110
111
Working Group
Burns
Jacobi
K.S.
W
2005
2005
2005
112
Hoff
R.J.
2001
113
Keane
R.E.
2001
114
Salwasser
2005
H.
2001
115
McDonald
G.
2004
116
Poll
G.
2004
118
Schauer
A.J.
2001
119
Oline
D.K.
2000
120
121
122
123
124
Schoettle
Beniston
Nickrent
Web
Burton
A.W.
M.
D.
2001
1997
2005
2005
2005
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
Web
Burns
Schoettle
Kunca
Snyder
Web
Web
Web
D.
K.
A.W.
A.
K.
2005
2005
2005
2005
1999
2005
2005
2005
University of Idaho website. Available: (http://www.cnrhome.uidaho.edu/default.aspx?pid=78231)
Geils, B.W., Conklin, D.A.,Van Arsdel, E.P. 1999. A preliminary Hazard Model of White Pine Blister Rust for the Sacramento Ranger
District, Lincoln National Forest. USDA Forest Service Research Note RMRS-RN-6.
City of Downey, California website. Available: (http://www.downeyca.org/city/fire/Section%204%20Downey%20_7_.pdf)
Van Arsel, E.P., Geils, B.W. 2004. The Ribes of Colorado and New Mexico and Their Rust Fungi. FHTET 04-13.Fort Collins, CO: US
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Forest Technology Enterprise Team. 32p.
Personal communication; April 2005
Minutes and Notes for the Central Rocky Mountians White Pine Health Working Group Spring 2005 Meeting. March 2-3, 2005, Fort
Collins, CO.
Personal communication; April 2005
Personal communication; April 2005
Hoff, R.J., Ferguson, D.E., McDonald, G.I., Keene, R.E. 2001. Strategies for Managing Whitebark Pine in the Presence of White Pine
Blister Rust. n: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds. Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration.
Washington, DC: Island Press: 347-365
Keane, R.E., Arno, S.F. 2001. Restoration Concepts and Techniques. In: Tomback, Diana F.; Arno, Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds.
Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press:367-399.
Salwasser, H., Huff, D.E. 2001. Social and Environmental Challenges to Restoring White Pine Ecosystems. In: Tomback, Diana F.;
Arno, Stephen F.; Keane, Robert E., eds. Whitebark pine communities: Ecology and restoration. Washington, DC: Island Press: 400-415
McDonald, G., Zambino, P., Sniezko, R. 2004. Breeding Rust-Resistant Five Needle Pines in the Western United States: Lessons from
the Past and a Look to the Future. In: Sniezko, R.A., Samman, S., Schlarbaum, S.E. Kriebel, H.B. eds. 2004. July 23-27; Medford, OR,
USA. IUFRO Working Party 2.02.15. Proceedings RMRS-P-32. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Rocky
Mountian Research Station.
Poll, G.C., Praymak, C., Smith, C.M. 2004. Limber pine seedling and seed survival project, Waterton Lakes National Park, Progress
Report 2004. Unpublished Technical Report. Parks Canada, Waterton Lakes National Park, Waterton Park, Alberta, Canada.
Schauer, A.J., Schoettle, A.W., Boyce, R.L. 2001. Partial Cambial Mortality in High-Elevation Pinus aristata (Pinaceae). American Journal
of Botany. 88(4): 646-652.
Oline, D.K., Mitton, J.B., Grant, M.C. 2000. Populations and Subspecific Genetic Differentiation in the Foxtail Pine (Pinus balfouriana).
Evolutions. 54(5): 1813-1819.
Schoettle, A.W., Negron, J.E. 2001. First Report of Two Cone and Seed Insects of Pinus flexilis. Western North American Naturalist.
61(2): 252-254
Beniston, M., Diaz, H.F., Bradley, R.S. 1997. Climate Change at High Elevation Sites: An Overview. Climatic Change. 36: 233-251
Photos by Dan Nickrent
Photos from NPS Photo Archive. Available: http://photo.itc.nps.gov/storage/images/
Photos from Deems Burton
State outline maps. Available:
http://geography.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geocities.com%2FAthens%2FSparta%2F4692%2FStateO
utlineMaps.html
Photo from Kelly Sullivan Burns
Graphic created by Anna Schoettle
Photo from Forestry Images by Andej Kunca
Photo by Karl Snyder
Photo from Private Forestry Management Team. Available: http://www.pfmt.org/inventories/increment_borer.htm
Photo from USGS, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Available: http://toxics.usgs.gov/sites/laurel_bay/photos.html
Photo from the Ultimate Tree Ring Pages. Available: http://web.utk.edu/~grissino/gallery.htm
Download