Document 12341868

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‫ﻓﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫د‪ .‬ﻋﻴﺴﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺸﺠﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻠﻔﺎن ﺑﻦ اﺑﺮاهﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﻮﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺟﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﺴﻴﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻼم ﺑﻦ ﻣﺒﺮوك اﻟﻬﺎﺷﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻤﻴﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺮﻓﻲ‬
‫د‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ اﺑﺮاهﻴﻢ اﻟﻠﺰآﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎرات واﻟﺘﻌﺎرﻳﻒ‪2………………. ........................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‪3...............................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ ‪3............................................................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻼت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪6...............................................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ‪9................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ‪18.............................................................................................................................‬‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت‪24.......................................................................................................................‬‬
‫اﻷﺷﻜﺎل‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (1‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮآﺰ‪4...............................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (2‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‪5................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (3‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪6...............................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (4‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪7..........................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (5‬اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪9..................................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (6‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﺰﻻزل‪11..........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (7‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ زاﺟﺮوس ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪13.......................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (8‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻜﺮان ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪14...........................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (9‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ أون ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪15..............................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (10‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪16....................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (11‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪17...................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (12‬رﺳﻢ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﺪوث ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪18........2008‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (13‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل وﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻜﺮان‪19.............‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (14‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل وﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن‪20.......‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (15‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺑﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪21..............................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (16‬اﻷﻣﻮاج اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻟﺰﻟﺰال ﺟﺰﻳﺮة ﻗﺸﻢ اﻻﻳﺮاﻧﻴﺔ‪22 ...................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (17‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ واﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ‪23 ..............................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ )‪ (18‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺘﺴﺎرع اﻷرﺿﻲ اﻷﻓﻘﻲ‪24 .................‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﺪاول‬
‫ﺟﺪول )‪ (1‬ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮآﺰ‪4...….......................................‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول )‪ (2‬ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ )‪5.....................................................(GSN‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول)‪ (3‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪21.....................................‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول )‪ (4‬ﻣﻠﺨﺺ ﺑﺎﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م )اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰي(‪26.............................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻖ‬
‫ﻗﺮص ﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎن ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ وﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎرات واﻟﺘﻌﺎرﻳﻒ‬
‫‪:CTBTO‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻈﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎرب اﻟﻨﻮوﻳﺔ‬
‫‪:Delta‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺰﻟﺰال واﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‬
‫‪:Depth‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻖ ﺑﺆرة اﻟﺰﻟﺰال‬
‫‪:Elev.‬‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع ﻋﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
‫‪:EMC‬‬
‫ﻣﺮآﺰ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل‬
‫‪:Esaz.‬‬
‫زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﺳﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻲ ﻟﻠﺰﻟﺰال إﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ‬
‫‪:Lat‬‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل‬
‫‪:Lon‬‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫‪:Mb‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪر اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺎت اﻟﺠﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫‪:Ml‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪر اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
‫‪:Ms‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪر اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﺳُﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﻣﻮاج اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫‪:RSS‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ‬
‫‪:Seaz.‬‬
‫زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﺳﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻲ ﻟﻠﺰﻟﺰال‬
‫‪:SQU‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻮس‬
‫‪:Sta.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬
‫‪ :Time res.‬ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
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‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺪم ﻣﺮآﺰ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻮس ﻓﻲ ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﻋﻤﺎن اﻟﻨﺸﺮة اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ .2008‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻀﻢ هﺬا اﻹﺻﺪار ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻼت ﻟﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻼل اﻟﻔﺘﺮة ﻣﻦ ‪ 1‬ﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ – ‪ 31‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪2008‬م‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻬﺰات اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺧﻼل هﺬا اﻟﻌﺎم ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 1797‬هﺰة‬
‫أرﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ 376‬ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ وإﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ أﻣﺎ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ واﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻋﺪدهﺎ ‪ 1421‬زﻟﺰال ﻣﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻩ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ‬
‫)‪ .(Teleseismic‬ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب وﺷﺮق إﻳﺮان‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل زاﺟﺮوس‪ ،‬ﺧﻠﻴﺞ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺎن وﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮل ﻓﺎﻟﻖ أوﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺤﺮ اﻟﻌﺮب وﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن وﻋﺪد ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺠﻞ داﺧﻞ أراﺿﻲ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ‪ .‬هﺬا وﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ أرﺑﻌﺔ زﻻزل ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ هﺬا اﻟﻌﺎم ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ‪ 3.51‬و ‪ 6.3‬درﺟﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﺰﻻزل‬
‫)رﻳﺨﺘﺮ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮم ﻣﺮآﺰ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻮس ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ اﷲ ﺑﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ وﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ‪ .‬وﺗﻀﻢ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﺤﻄﺔ ﻣﻮزﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ أﻣﺎآﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ آﻤﺎ هﻮ ﻣﺒﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫)‪ ،(1‬ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﻗﺼﻴﺮة اﻟﻤﺪى ﺗﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ‪2001‬م ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ اﻟﺜﻼث ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻷﺧﻴﺮة ﻋﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻄﺎق وﺗﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻮ ‪2004‬م‪ .‬و ﻳﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺠﺪول رﻗﻢ )‪ (1‬أﺳﻤﺎء وﻣﻮاﻗﻊ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت ﺣﺴﺐ ﺧﻄﻮط‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮض واﻟﻄﻮل واﻻرﺗﻔﺎع ﻓﻮق ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‪ .‬وﺗﻘﻮم هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت ﺑﺒﺚ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪار اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺮ اﻷﻗﻤﺎر اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ داﺧﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻮس‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺑﺪأ ﻣﺮآﺰ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫ﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎت ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻬﺰات اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ 2‬وﺟﺪول ‪.(2‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺪث داﺧﻞ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ واﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ اﻟﻤﻮزﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻳﻘﻮم‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﺰﻻزل ) ‪ ( Antelope‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﺳﻮب ﻣﺒﺪﺋﻴﺎ ﺑﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ أﻣﺎآﻦ ﺣﺪوﺛﻬﺎ وﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﻬﺎ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ذﻟﻚ ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﻮن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ ﺑﻤﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ أﻣﺎآﻦ ﺣﺪوث اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﺸﻜﻞ أدق وﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ .1‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮآﺰ ‪.‬‬
‫أﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل‬
‫اﻟﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﺳﻤﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﺪر‬
‫وادي ﺑﻨﻲ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺑﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻮﻗﻴﻦ‬
‫وادي اﻟﻬﻮف‬
‫رﺑﻜﻮت‬
‫ﻋﻴﺒﻮت‬
‫ﺷﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻴﺎء‬
‫ﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫‪SMD‬‬
‫‪JMD‬‬
‫‪WBK‬‬
‫‪ARQ‬‬
‫‪BID‬‬
‫‪BSY‬‬
‫‪HOQ‬‬
‫‪WHF‬‬
‫‪RBK‬‬
‫‪ABT‬‬
‫‪SHA‬‬
‫‪ASH‬‬
‫‪BAN‬‬
‫'‪58° 02.9500‬‬
‫'‪58° 06.2083‬‬
‫'‪58° 58.1983‬‬
‫'‪56° 31.3167‬‬
‫'‪58° 07.6150‬‬
‫'‪57° 11.9700‬‬
‫'‪57° 18.6533‬‬
‫'‪53° 46.2350‬‬
‫'‪54° 12.2317‬‬
‫'‪53° 17.7983‬‬
‫'‪55° 37.5060‬‬
‫'‪56° 03.4890‬‬
‫'‪56° 17.9760‬‬
‫'‪23° 03.5333‬‬
‫'‪22° 22.2083‬‬
‫'‪22° 36.5983‬‬
‫'‪23° 20.1967‬‬
‫'‪23° 31.2667‬‬
‫'‪22° 44.6733‬‬
‫'‪23° 34.9417‬‬
‫'‪17° 55.1400‬‬
‫'‪17° 30.2100‬‬
‫'‪17° 21.2267‬‬
‫'‪18° 01.3680‬‬
‫'‪24° 41.0340‬‬
‫'‪25° 55.3980‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .1‬ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫)ﻣﺘﺮ(‬
‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪350‬‬
‫‪450‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫‪200‬‬
‫‪450‬‬
‫‪350‬‬
‫‪550‬‬
‫‪550‬‬
‫‪650‬‬
‫‪292‬‬
‫‪546‬‬
‫‪504‬‬
‫ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺠﺴﺎت‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪3 x SS-1‬‬
‫‪STS-2‬‬
‫‪STS-2‬‬
‫‪STS-2‬‬
.(GSN) ‫ ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬.2‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫رﻣﺰ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل‬
‫اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﺲ‬
ASU
24.6260
55.3292
0.1322
Al Ashush, Dubai
sts-2
FAQ
24.7453
55.5924
0.2035
Al Faqa, Dubai
sts-2
HAT
24.8257
56.1321
0.3401
Hatta, Dubai
sts-2
NAZ
24.9884
55.6618
0.1988
Nazwa, Dubai
sts-2
ANTO
39.8689
32.7936
0.8830
Ankara, Turkey
ss
CHTO
18.7900
98.9769
0.3160
Chiang Mai, Thailand
ss
7.0700 125.5790
0.1450
Davao, Philippines
ss
44.7410
1.6090
Garni, Armenia
ss
37.4833 126.6333
0.4200
Inchon, Republic of Korea
ss
KMBO
-1.1268
37.2523
1.9600
Kilima Mbogo, Kenya
ss
LSZ
-15.2766
28.1882
1.1840
Lusaka, Zambia
ss
MBWA
-21.1590 119.7321
0.1940
Marble Bar, Western Australia
ss
NWAO
-32.9266 117.2333
0.2650
Narrogin, Australia
ss
TATO
24.9735 121.4971
0.1570
Taipei, Taiwan
ss
VLN
47.8652 107.0528
1.6150
Vlaanbaatar, Mongolia
ss
AAK
42.6390
74.4940
1.6450
Ala Archa, Kyrgyzstan
ss
BRVK
53.0581
70.2828
0.3300
Borovoye, Kazakhstan
ss
COCO
-12.1901
96.8349
0.001.
West Island, Cocos Islands
ss
DAV
GNI
INCN
40.1480
5
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪0.0010‬‬
‫‪Diego Garcia, Chagos Islands,‬‬
‫‪72.4525‬‬
‫‪-7.4121‬‬
‫‪DGAR‬‬
‫‪Indian Ocean‬‬
‫‪KAPI‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Kappang, Sulawesi, Indonesia‬‬
‫‪0.0300‬‬
‫‪-5.0142 119.7517‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Kislovodsk, Russia‬‬
‫‪1.0540‬‬
‫‪42.6863‬‬
‫‪43.9553‬‬
‫‪KIV‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Kurchatov, Kazakhstan‬‬
‫‪0.1840‬‬
‫‪78.6202‬‬
‫‪50.7154‬‬
‫‪KURK‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Mbarara, Uganda‬‬
‫‪1.3900‬‬
‫‪30.7382‬‬
‫‪-0.6019‬‬
‫‪MBAR‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Mahe, Seychelles‬‬
‫‪0.4750‬‬
‫‪55.4792‬‬
‫‪-4.6737‬‬
‫‪MSEY‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Pallekele, Sri Lanka‬‬
‫‪0.4600‬‬
‫‪80.7022‬‬
‫‪7.2728‬‬
‫‪PALK‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Sutherland, South Africa‬‬
‫‪1.7700‬‬
‫‪20.8117‬‬
‫‪-32.3797‬‬
‫‪SUR‬‬
‫‪ss‬‬
‫‪Talaya, Russia‬‬
‫‪0.5790‬‬
‫‪51.6807 103.6438‬‬
‫‪TLY‬‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .2‬ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ)‪ (GSN‬ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ اﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻄﺎت ﺑﻠﺪﻳﺔ دﺑﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻼت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰ ﺟﻴﻮﺗﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻃﺮاف اﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﺤﺪود ﺑﻔﻮاﻟﻖ رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب‬
‫واﻟﺸﺮق واﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻬﺰات أرﺿﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻀﻐﻮط اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪود اﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ‬
‫وداﺧﻠﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻬﺰات اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 1797‬هﺰة آﻤﺎ هﻮ ﻣﺒﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺟﺪول)‪ .(4‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪ :‬زﻻزل إﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ وﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺎﻟﻎ ﻋﺪدهﺎ ‪ 376‬زﻟﺰال وهﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺠﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن وﻋﺪن وﺟﺒﺎل زاﺟﺮوس وﺟﻨﻮب إﻳﺮان)ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .(3‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻬﺎ آﺰﻻزل‬
‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪة ﻟﻮﻗﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﺧﺎرج اﻟﻨﻄﺎق اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋﺪدهﺎ ‪ 1421‬زﻟﺰاﻻ )ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .(4‬وﻳﺤﺘﻮي‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮص اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺎن ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ وﻣﻌﻄﻴﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .3‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .4‬اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﺣﺮآﺎت ﺗﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ رﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .5‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻐﺮب ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻷﺣﻤﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد اﻟﻔﻮاﻟﻖ اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ واﻟﻔﻮاﻟﻖ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬وﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎح ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ‬
‫ﻋﺪن واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ أهﻢ اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ – اﻹﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ 35‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮن ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺼﻮر‬
‫اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ ˚75‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎح هﻮ ‪ ˚28‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل ﻣﺸﻜﻼ اﻧﻔﺘﺎح‬
‫ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻲ هﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬آﻤﺎ أن اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎح واﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ‪ ˚45‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ وﺟﻮد ﻓﻮاﻟﻖ ﻋﺎدﻳﺔ ذو ﻣﻴﻼن ﻣﻌﺘﺪل ﻣﻊ ﺻﺪوع اﻧﺰﻻﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻧﻔﺘﺎح اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﺸﺮق‬
‫ﻓﻴﻮﺟﺪ اﻟﺤﺪ اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻘﺸﺮة اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ واﻟﻘﺎرﻳﺔ واﻟﺬي ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﻧﻔﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ آﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﺎﻟﻖ أون اﻟﺬى ﻳﻤﺜﻞ ﺣﺮآﻪ اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻄﺒﺎﺷﻴﺮي )‪ .(Cretaceous‬وﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﻧﺪﺛﺎر اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ اﻧﺰﻻق اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﻴﻮرواﺳﻴﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻬﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ زاﺟﺮوس وﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدم اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺎرة‬
‫اﻟﻴﻮرواﺳﻴﻮﻳﺔ وهﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ أآﺜﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .5‬اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫واﻋﺘﻤﺎدا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻲ واﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪ .(6‬أوﻻ؛ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ زاﺟﺮوس واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﺼﺎدم ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺣﺪوث زﻻزل‬
‫آﺒﻴﺮة ﻓﻲ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬وهﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ آﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺼﺪر ﻟﻸﻣﻮاج ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺘﺮدد )‪ (Low frequency‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ؛ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﻧﺪﺛﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺮان واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﺼﺪر ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ؛ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻓﺎﻟﻖ أون‬
‫واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻓﺎﻟﻖ ﺗﺤﻮﻟﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺼﺪرا ﺁﺧﺮ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‪ .‬راﺑﻌﺎ؛ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻮاﻟﻖ اﻟﻌﺎدﻳﺔ واﻟﺘﺤﻮﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺼﺪرا آﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ؛ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﺪم واﻟﻤﺘﺄﺛﺮة ﺗﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﻔﺎﻟﻖ دﺑﺎ ‪ (2‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺎن ‪ (3‬وﻓﺎﻟﻖ‬
‫ﻣﺎرادي وهﻮ ﻓﺎﻟﻖ آﺒﻴﺮ ﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ وﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﻧﻄﻴﺢ )‪ 30‬آﻢ ﺷﻤﺎل ﺷﺮق‬
‫ﻓﻬﻮد( ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ هﺬا اﻟﻔﺎﻟﻖ ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ‪60‬آﻢ‪ .‬وﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪرا ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻼ ﻟﻸﻣﻮاج ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺮدد )‪ (High frequency‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻨﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﻘﺼﻴﺮة‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .6‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﺰﻻزل‪.‬‬
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‫وﺑﻨﺎءا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻓﺎن اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ ﻗﺎم ﺑﺮﺻﺪ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ وﺳﺘﺔ وﺛﻤﺎﻧﻮن زﻟﺰاﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ زاﺟﺮوس‬
‫ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 6.30-2.63‬درﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﻳﺨﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎرب أرﺑﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮون زﻟﺰاﻻ آﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫أآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ 5‬درﺟﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﻳﺨﺘﺮ )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .(7‬وﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ﺳﺘﺔ وﺛﻼﺛﻮن زﻟﺰاﻻ وﻗﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻜﺮان‬
‫)اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ (8‬ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 5.1-2.4‬درﺟﻪ‪ .‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ زﻟﺰاﻻ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫أون )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ ،(9‬ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 1.7‬إﻟﻰ ‪ 4.9‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﻳﺨﺘﺮ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ آﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺔ ﻗﻮة هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل ‪ -‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ أون ‪ -‬أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 3‬درﺟﺎت‪ .‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ زﻻزل ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ (10‬ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫‪ 4.9-2.65‬درﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﻳﺨﺘﺮ آﺎﻧﺖ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 3‬درﺟﺎت‪ .‬وأﺧﻴﺮا؛ وﻗﻌﺖ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﺧﻤﺴﻮن زﻟﺰاﻻ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 5.2 – 0.84‬درﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﻳﺨﺘﺮ )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .(11‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪39‬‬
‫زﻟﺰال أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ 3‬درﺟﺎت وزﻟﺰاﻻ واﺣﺪا ﺑﻘﻮة ‪ 5.2‬درﺟﺔ اﻟﺬي وﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﺪم‪ .‬وﻳﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫‪ 12‬ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻋﺪد اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻓﻲ آﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻼت اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ ﺑﺄن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺪوث زﻟﺰال ﺑﻘﻮة ‪ 7‬درﺟﺎت ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮات‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ هﻮ ‪ %30‬وﺧﻼل اﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ هﻮ ‪ %83‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻄﺎﻗﻲ زاﻏﺮوس وﻣﻜﺮان‪ .‬واﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺪوث زﻟﺰال‬
‫ﺑﻘﻮة ‪ 6‬درﺟﺎت ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮات اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ هﻮ ‪ %7‬وﺧﻼل اﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ هﻮ ‪ %29‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻄﺎق أون‪.‬‬
‫واﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺣﺪوث زﻟﺰال ﺑﻘﻮة ‪ 8-6‬درﺟﺎت ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮات اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ هﻮ ‪ %15‬وﺧﻼل اﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ هﻮ‬
‫‪ %55‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻄﺎق ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن‪ .‬وهﺬﻩ أﻗﻮى زﻻزل ﻣﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺤﺪث ﻋﻠﻰ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎت ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻼت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪوث اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻓﻬﺬا ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﺄن اﻟﺰﻟﺰال ﻗﺪ ﻳﺤﺪث اﻵن أو ﺑﻌﺪ أﺳﺒﻮع أو‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮات ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﺬآﻮرة‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻮن ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻟﺰﻟﺰال ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ وﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ وهﺬا ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ دراﺳﺔ ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ وهﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل وﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ آﻤﻲ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﺑﺪأ ﻣﺮآﺰ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﻤﺜﻞ‬
‫هﺬﻩ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2009‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺴﻨﻮات اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .7‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻰ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ زاﺟﺮوس ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .8‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻰ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻜﺮان ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
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‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .9‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻰ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ أون ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪15‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .10‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻰ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪16‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .11‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﻰ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪17‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .12‬ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2008‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ واﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﺰﻻزل أن اﻟﺤﻞ اﻷﻣﺜﻞ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﻄﺎت‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ وﻗﻮع اﻟﺰﻟﺰال داﺧﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ آﺒﻴﺮﻩ‪ ،‬وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻓﺈن وﻗﻮع‬
‫اﻟﺰﻟﺰال ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻳﺆدي إﻟﻰ ﻋﺪم ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ آﺎﻓﻴﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن هﺬا ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆدي إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﻴﻘﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل وﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ وﺟﻮب اﻟﺘﺄﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ زاﺟﺮوس؛ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻟﺰﻻزل – ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺔ زﻟﺰال‪ -‬ﺗﻘﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 80-50‬آﻢ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﺪم‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺗﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮ اﻟﺒﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ )‪ ،(7‬وﺗﺘﺮاوح ﻗﻮة هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻣﻦ ‪– 2.63‬‬
‫‪ 6.30‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﻳﺨﺘﺮ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‪ .‬هﺬا اﻟﻘﺪر اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻓﻲ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻳﻌﻜﺲ ﻣﻘﺪار اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺼﺎدرة‬
‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﺻﻄﺪام اﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮرواﺳﻴﻮﻳﺔ‪ .‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﺎن هﺬا ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻨﺪم‪ .‬وﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻜﺮان ﻳﻮﺟﺪ إﺗﺠﺎﻩ واﺿﺢ ﻳﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﻧﺪﺛﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺮان آﻤﺎ هﻮ ﻣﺒﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪13‬‬
‫)اﻟﺨﻂ اﻻﺣﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ(‪ .‬هﺬا ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ وﺟﻮد اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل‪ -‬اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺮان واﻟﺬي ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن إﻣﺎ إﺳﺘﻤﺮارا ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﻧﺪﺛﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺮان ﻓﻲ هﺬا اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ أو اﻣﺘﺪادا ﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻻﺻﻄﺪام ﻓﻲ‬
‫زاﺟﺮوس ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﻤﺎن )اﻟﺨﻂ اﻻﺧﻀﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ (13‬واﻟﺬي ﻗﺪ ﻳﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬
‫ﺑﻔﺎﻟﻖ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻣﺎرات اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻔﻮاﻟﻖ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ ﻣﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺴﻴﺰﻣﻴﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻨﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﺮآﻪ ﻓﻲ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬هﺬا ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻧﻪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﺤﻄﺎت رﺻﺪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ واﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬهﺎ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺎ إن ﺷﺎء اﷲ آﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺔ وﺑﺘﻮاﻓﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺟﺪﻳﺪة هﺬا آﻠﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻢ أﻋﻤﻖ وأآﺜﺮ ﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮ ﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .13‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل وﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﻜﺮان‪.‬‬
‫‪19‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪(14‬؛ ‪ (1‬ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ﻳﺘﺮآﺰ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﺪم‪ :‬أ(‬
‫اﻷول ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﺮب – اﻟﺨﻂ اﻻﺣﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬وﻳﻤﺘﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب‪ .‬ب( واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق – اﻟﺨﻂ‬
‫اﻻﺧﻀﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬وﻳﺘﺠﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ واﻟﺬي ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻔﺎﻟﻖ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻔﺎﻟﻖ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻲ واﻟﺬي ﻧﻮﻗﺶ ﺑﺎﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ (2 .‬ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺻﺤﺎر ﺣﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﺗﺠﺎهﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ آﻘﺮاءة أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل‪ ،‬اﻷول ‪ -‬اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻮردي اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬ﻳﺘﺠﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ -‬اﻟﺨﻂ اﻻزرق اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ ‪ -‬ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﺴﺎرا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﻮب‪ (3 ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮة واﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ إﺗﺠﺎهﺎ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ أون ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻔﻮاﻟﻖ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﻘﺎرة اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ أن ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻻ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ إﺗﺠﺎهﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .(9‬ﻧﻔﺲ اﻷﻣﺮ ﻳﻼﺣﻆ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪن‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﻮاﻟﻖ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ )اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪.(10‬‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ .14‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل وﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺘﻜﺘﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﻤﺎن‪.‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺗﻢ اﻹﺑﻼغ ﻋﻦ زﻻزل ﺷﻌﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﺴﻜﺎن ﻓﻲ أرﺑﻊ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺧﻼل ‪2008‬م‪ .‬وﻳﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺠﺪول )‪(3‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل‪ .‬وﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﻗﻮة هﺬﻩ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 6.3 – 3.51‬درﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﻗﻮة اﻟﺰﻻزل‪ .‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﺒﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ) ‪ (15‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺑﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻟﻌﺎم ‪ ،2008‬وﻳﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ )‪ (16‬اﻷﻣﻮاج اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻷﺣﺪ هﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻻزل‪.‬‬
‫م‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ‪ /‬اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻖ )آﻢ( اﻟﻘﻮة اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪11:00:38 2008/10/9‬‬
‫‪26.93‬‬
‫‪56.08‬‬
‫‪35.7‬‬
‫‪6.3‬‬
‫ﺟﺰﻳﺮة ﻗﺸﻢ )اﻳﺮان(‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪12:02:07 2008/12/2‬‬
‫‪25.4‬‬
‫‪56.12‬‬
‫‪3.1‬‬
‫‪3.71‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻀﺔ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪01:44:06 2008/2/2‬‬
‫‪25.51‬‬
‫‪57.02‬‬
‫‪5.8‬‬
‫‪3.65‬‬
‫ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﻤﺎن‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪22:48:54 2008/17/1‬‬
‫‪20.27‬‬
‫‪58.80‬‬
‫‪29.8‬‬
‫‪3.51‬‬
‫ﻣﺼﻴﺮة‬
‫ﺟﺪول ‪ .3‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .15‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺑﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪21‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ‪ .16‬اﻷﻣﻮاج اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﻟﺰﻟﺰال ﺟﺰﻳﺮة ﻗﺸﻢ )اﻳﺮان( ﺑﺘﺎرﻳﺦ ‪ 10‬ﺳﺒﺘﻤﺒﺮ ‪2008‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪22‬‬
‫ﻳﻮﺿﺢ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ )‪ (17‬اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺣﺪﺛﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن وﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ واﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻔﺘﺮة ﻣﻦ ‪2008 – 2003‬م‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻞ هﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ زﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻀﻲ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ ﻗﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺤﻮ أﻧﺸﺎء ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ أﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ وﺗﻮزﻳﻌﻬﺎ ﺗﻮزﻳﻌﺎ دﻗﻴﻘﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻮة أو ﻣﻘﺪار اﻟﺰﻻزل وﻣﺪى ﺗﻜﺮار‬
‫ﺣﺪوﺛﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .17‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺰﻻزل اﻟﻤﺴﺠﻠﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﺮﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪23‬‬
‫وﻳﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ )‪ (18‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺘﺴﺎرع اﻷرﺿﻲ اﻷﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺤﺪوث ﺧﻼل اﻟﺨﻤﺴﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ وﺑﺎﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺪارة ‪ .% 10‬ﺣﻴﺚ إن هﻨﺎك ﺗﻘﺎرب ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻠﻴﻦ ‪ 17‬و‪ 18‬واﻟﺬي ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻨﻮب‬
‫واﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺼﺒﺢ أآﺜﺮ ﺷﺪة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل واﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﺑﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﺪم‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ .18‬ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﺗﺒﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮق اﻷوﺳﻂ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺘﺴﺎرع اﻷرﺿﻲ اﻷﻓﻘﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت‬
‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ وﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ‪ 1797‬زﻟﺰال ﺧﻼل ﻋﺎم ‪2008‬م ﻏﺎﻟﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ زﻻزل ﺑﻌﻴﺪة‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ اﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب إﻳﺮان وﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺠﻲ ﻋﻤﺎن وﻋﺪن وﺑﺤﺮ اﻟﻌﺮب ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ ﻓﻮاﻟﻖ ﻣﻌﺮوﻓﺔ‪ .‬اﻟﺘﺴﺠﻴﻼت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻌﺎم ‪2008‬م واﻷﻋﻮام اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﺟﻮد ﻓﻮاﻟﻖ ﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻧﻮاة ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺧﺎرﻃﺔ ﻣﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﻨﺔ وﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬هﻨﺎ ﺗﻜﻤﻦ أهﻤﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ واﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺬي‬
‫ﻳﻌﺰز ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻤﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺰﻻزل وأﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰاﻟﻲ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ أن ﻣﺮآﺰ رﺻﺪ اﻟﺰﻻزل ﺑﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻮس ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺮاآﺰ اﻷﺧﺮى‪.‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
12/28/2008 (363) 22:39:46.259
12/28/2008 (363) 22:59:15.283
12/29/2008 (364) 3:37:41.243
12/29/2008 (364) 18:58:34.671
12/29/2008 (364) 19:24:51.425
12/30/2008 (365) 3:20:54.874
12/30/2008 (365) 18:09:57.933
12/30/2008 (365) 19:49:56.743
48.26
40.8239
36.3779
23.5269
23.0976
5.4074
-4.7236
-4.0482
154.5519
25.9527
71.1753
64.2664
61.1697
125.8522
116.4341
101.3411
57
43.9
109.213
142.1314
23.0551
3.6479
142.7596
56.1
38.3335
45224
45226
45228
45973
45233
45234
45240
45245
5.27
4.25
5.54
5.15
2.66
4.65
4.83
4.71
2.64
12/14/2008 (349) 7:30:09.963
12/14/2008 (349) 9:43:10.550
12/14/2008 (349) 20:29:32.087
12/14/2008 (349) 20:29:46.362
12/15/2008 (350) 18:37:21.854
12/15/2008 (350) 21:18:13.037
12/17/2008 (352) 10:55:20.055
12/17/2008 (352) 10:55:22.167
12/17/2008 (352) 10:55:35.463
12/17/2008 (352) 10:58:06.947
12/17/2008 (352) 10:58:07.102
12/17/2008 (352) 10:58:07.225
12/17/2008 (352) 10:58:14.591
12/17/2008 (352) 10:58:20.228
12/17/2008 (352) 11:01:47.942
12/17/2008 (352) 13:48:14.541
12/17/2008 (352) 16:06:52.420
12/17/2008 (352) 16:06:52.450
12/17/2008 (352) 16:06:58.153
12/17/2008 (352) 21:57:39.618
12/17/2008 (352) 21:57:41.638
12/17/2008 (352) 21:57:45.000
12/17/2008 (352) 21:58:00.415
12/17/2008 (352) 22:00:45.790
12/18/2008 (353) 6:47:17.145
12/18/2008 (353) 15:50:15.092
12/19/2008 (354) 8:31:56.959
12/20/2008 (355) 10:29:22.758
12/20/2008 (355) 12:22:05.717
12/20/2008 (355) 15:46:46.383
12/20/2008 (355) 17:44:56.295
12/20/2008 (355) 19:13:37.994
12/20/2008 (355) 21:12:04.870
12/21/2008 (356) 9:16:50.606
12/21/2008 (356) 13:48:00.628
12/21/2008 (356) 16:28:37.868
12/21/2008 (356) 20:40:18.765
12/21/2008 (356) 22:38:36.863
12/22/2008 (357) 15:07:05.935
12/23/2008 (358) 3:02:20.496
12/23/2008 (358) 15:24:23.982
12/23/2008 (358) 17:51:43.748
12/23/2008 (358) 20:57:31.581
12/23/2008 (358) 21:58:27.533
12/24/2008 (359) 9:19:11.277
12/24/2008 (359) 20:32:11.510
12/25/2008 (360) 3:20:29.213
12/25/2008 (360) 10:43:21.240
12/25/2008 (360) 18:12:06.926
12/25/2008 (360) 22:40:22.030
12/26/2008 (361) 0:30:54.403
12/26/2008 (361) 3:08:39.697
12/27/2008 (362) 1:27:34.780
12/27/2008 (362) 14:50:31.978
12/27/2008 (362) 20:28:50.696
12/27/2008 (362) 22:58:48.766
12/28/2008 (363) 13:31:51.437
12/28/2008 (363) 21:40:18.417
27.8102
-7.4354
38.9578
39.2417
26.8652
-2.5265
-17.1149
-17.6044
-17.6011
-17.8502
-18.0385
-17.1575
-16.7112
-16.8722
-11.9607
7.6979
-6.1081
-6.1292
-6.0406
39.1353
39.1085
39.29
40.374
40.4978
38.441
2.2699
47.0217
36.3038
36.2741
22.1512
-2.5491
36.5303
8.0747
36.6707
5.0365
28.2557
26.0444
36.5042
33.1498
26.4881
44.1523
1.9261
36.6405
44.3155
1.6842
42.2542
5.7149
37.1572
5.2838
23.1988
23.6309
23.0401
27.2737
53.0933
27.4404
26.5847
48.3689
48.2912
56.7019
30.2224
144.6047
143.3297
56.054
99.1671
179.5656
-176.967
-177.657
-177.278
-176.995
-179.291
-179.687
-179.578
135.1944
94.804
103.349
103.3606
103.4593
15.2466
15.5456
15.49
13.9973
48.3926
142.6354
127.4213
-26.4443
142.472
141.8966
89.6157
139.0578
142.3944
27.6454
141.6352
95.3346
52.4891
55.1668
70.782
57.7351
56.9182
10.4909
129.4304
141.5782
10.3154
132.8822
144.1778
125.5634
142.1115
124.3249
64.5032
63.0595
62.3444
56.1776
-163.693
55.4274
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153.4126
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56
44.2423
10
31.2
100.3027
6.4407
36.3867
0
200
292.2972
0.5771
5.8162
4.8761
0.8903
10.4201
337.5
227.2873
0.0579
0.0439
35
199.4997
200.6595
260.7
597.3244
260
31.7
90.3767
10.0056
10
10
50
127.8865
10
300
10
132.8746
35
8
102.6
41.2688
30
28.9
71.1
35
30.3301
74.2
43.3169
208.4903
32.6773
423.891
10
10
2.2398
9.9985
43.6
98.4447
10
121.7207
46.1
44902
44904
44906
42885
44908
44909
42966
42962
42961
42979
42974
42973
42971
42969
44913
44921
43007
43005
44923
43035
43033
43037
43029
44929
44931
44933
44942
44945
44947
44954
44955
44960
44964
44966
44969
44971
44974
44978
45975
44981
44983
45176
45178
45179
45184
45185
45186
45191
45192
45199
45205
45974
45212
45214
45218
45219
45220
45222
4.41
4.4
5.15
5.33
3.77
3.8
6.27
5.97
5.95
6.29
6.32
6.27
6.27
6.27
5.82
4.71
5.88
6.05
4.69
5.25
5.28
5.4
5.81
4.72
5.13
5.05
5.25
5.82
5.67
4.54
5.14
4.64
2.76
4.49
5.01
3.18
5.38
5.24
5.28
5.04
5.09
4.97
6.12
5.19
5.38
5.19
4.34
3.83
3.45
5.06
3.85
3.4
5.67
5.64
5.53
3.43
3.75
5.11
4.22
3.68
4.33
3.92
3.74
12/09/2008 (344) 6:24:57.208
12/09/2008 (344) 6:28:11.325
12/09/2008 (344) 6:28:16.258
12/09/2008 (344) 9:58:22.453
12/09/2008 (344) 12:57:20.591
12/09/2008 (344) 15:09:21.734
12/09/2008 (344) 15:09:25.420
12/09/2008 (344) 15:09:30.724
12/09/2008 (344) 15:09:33.830
12/09/2008 (344) 15:09:33.888
12/09/2008 (344) 15:31:42.764
12/09/2008 (344) 15:31:48.111
12/09/2008 (344) 15:32:07.273
12/09/2008 (344) 17:28:32.991
12/09/2008 (344) 17:42:13.178
12/09/2008 (344) 18:53:10.359
12/09/2008 (344) 18:53:12.300
12/09/2008 (344) 18:53:12.621
12/09/2008 (344) 22:49:27.608
12/09/2008 (344) 22:49:34.007
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:01.498
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:35.693
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:35.847
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:35.966
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:36.318
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:36.797
12/09/2008 (344) 22:52:38.000
12/09/2008 (344) 22:54:46.565
12/10/2008 (345) 13:15:28.935
12/10/2008 (345) 13:15:29.039
12/10/2008 (345) 13:15:30.640
12/10/2008 (345) 13:15:30.885
12/10/2008 (345) 13:15:40.788
12/10/2008 (345) 13:20:22.929
12/11/2008 (346) 5:39:35.265
12/11/2008 (346) 17:06:07.830
12/11/2008 (346) 17:06:11.949
12/11/2008 (346) 17:06:12.684
12/11/2008 (346) 17:06:12.765
12/11/2008 (346) 17:06:18.408
12/11/2008 (346) 20:55:12.382
12/11/2008 (346) 20:57:40.810
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:51.703
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:54.985
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:55.056
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:55.381
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:56.299
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:57.413
12/11/2008 (346) 21:40:57.942
12/11/2008 (346) 21:41:02.387
12/12/2008 (347) 23:14:12.077
12/13/2008 (348) 8:27:13.388
12/13/2008 (348) 8:45:34.941
12/13/2008 (348) 8:45:36.000
12/13/2008 (348) 8:45:38.455
12/13/2008 (348) 8:45:45.949
12/13/2008 (348) 19:00:37.000
12/13/2008 (348) 19:00:38.425
-25.4637
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27.1964
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26.522
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32.467
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32.5873
35.4599
36.756
29.3753
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30.1445
30.3901
30.6242
30.47
22.4859
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33.7035
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-5.2327
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0.0101
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0
0.5038
21.7609
38.6122
-49.481
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-3.11
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173.5977
167.5133
-177.702
56.3195
67.7823
56.4078
56.1203
55.9781
56.0959
56.0563
139.9694
139.0486
139.014
169.0526
55.8795
105.7183
105.6606
105.8475
86.4972
85.7624
72.4993
67.5671
67.6022
67.8008
67.4011
67.1872
67.36
55.5974
166.9713
166.8165
166.351
166.1943
166.5928
166.0799
68.1917
100.9557
100.9135
100.9073
100.9013
101.0796
105.1361
105.2978
123.6152
123.5188
123.516
123.5074
123.4993
123.4092
123.75
123.1719
61.5768
21.0914
123.8715
123.32
122.5836
123.3756
129.78
130.0373
55
0.327
9.9343
646.3122
12.8727
25
0.0146
3.1089
45.4669
20.1997
17.2437
0.4403
0.0305
168.0269
19.5046
2.3837
20.4
35.8026
39.7663
14.0129
27.3174
103.2277
1.2856
3.1852
18.8079
0.2145
0.3755
10
75
15
10.5598
1.7293
0
100
646.7158
13
0.0264
35
42.1044
42.9822
100.7979
57.7717
35.4
135.4
165.027
166.413
167.9501
176.9587
186.3333
200
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12/06/2008 (341) 0:43:18.007
12/06/2008 (341) 10:55:21.778
12/07/2008 (342) 13:36:24.240
12/07/2008 (342) 14:11:12.552
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12/07/2008 (342) 21:18:34.069
12/07/2008 (342) 23:35:36.756
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12/08/2008 (343) 6:18:53.877
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12/08/2008 (343) 8:59:11.746
12/08/2008 (343) 14:41:38.923
12/08/2008 (343) 14:41:42.770
12/08/2008 (343) 14:41:45.444
12/08/2008 (343) 14:41:49.377
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12/08/2008 (343) 14:42:00.929
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12/08/2008 (343) 15:23:43.290
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:06.586
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12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:06.664
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:07.866
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:08.005
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:08.548
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:09.000
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12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:09.879
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:18.314
12/08/2008 (343) 18:39:34.147
12/09/2008 (344) 1:07:01.127
12/09/2008 (344) 2:45:43.000
12/09/2008 (344) 2:45:46.715
12/09/2008 (344) 2:46:29.113
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12/09/2008 (344) 5:33:04.829
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12/09/2008 (344) 5:53:45.167
12/09/2008 (344) 6:24:03.724
12/09/2008 (344) 6:24:18.556
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11/17/2008 (322) 20:41:08.465
11/18/2008 (323) 3:59:52.733
11/18/2008 (323) 4:52:54.722
11/18/2008 (323) 18:23:45.553
11/18/2008 (323) 21:25:23.754
11/19/2008 (324) 6:22:48.550
11/19/2008 (324) 7:58:35.875
11/19/2008 (324) 17:14:33.424
11/19/2008 (324) 22:24:51.080
11/19/2008 (324) 22:42:50.599
11/20/2008 (325) 6:55:28.791
11/20/2008 (325) 10:08:16.764
11/20/2008 (325) 18:17:23.226
11/21/2008 (326) 7:05:41.250
11/21/2008 (326) 15:44:56.527
11/21/2008 (326) 22:06:48.767
11/22/2008 (327) 6:45:02.221
11/22/2008 (327) 16:01:08.550
11/22/2008 (327) 16:02:02.883
11/22/2008 (327) 17:52:54.058
11/22/2008 (327) 17:52:58.551
11/22/2008 (327) 17:53:03.981
11/22/2008 (327) 18:49:42.673
11/22/2008 (327) 23:06:52.055
11/23/2008 (328) 4:08:23.206
11/23/2008 (328) 11:57:41.107
11/24/2008 (329) 9:05:08.148
11/24/2008 (329) 9:27:01.139
11/25/2008 (330) 1:43:27.399
11/25/2008 (330) 2:34:39.106
11/25/2008 (330) 3:18:20.114
11/25/2008 (330) 12:40:23.937
11/25/2008 (330) 17:19:43.639
11/25/2008 (330) 22:13:39.092
11/26/2008 (331) 4:47:07.281
11/26/2008 (331) 7:03:27.083
11/26/2008 (331) 21:25:27.983
11/26/2008 (331) 23:28:17.028
11/27/2008 (332) 4:26:03.960
11/27/2008 (332) 9:06:58.007
11/28/2008 (333) 8:50:56.939
11/28/2008 (333) 19:46:03.991
11/28/2008 (333) 20:16:34.786
11/29/2008 (334) 6:06:40.395
11/29/2008 (334) 14:44:40.905
11/30/2008 (335) 0:42:43.321
11/30/2008 (335) 13:46:19.242
12/01/2008 (336) 0:17:50.605
12/01/2008 (336) 10:18:41.339
12/01/2008 (336) 16:10:47.234
12/02/2008 (337) 3:16:45.288
12/02/2008 (337) 12:31:36.029
12/02/2008 (337) 21:59:33.227
12/03/2008 (338) 4:26:32.716
12/03/2008 (338) 23:17:04.131
12/04/2008 (339) 3:11:06.530
12/04/2008 (339) 23:13:24.125
12/05/2008 (340) 22:37:48.062
26.9332
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4.11
10/31/2008 (305) 22:10:33.875
10/31/2008 (305) 22:10:36.000
10/31/2008 (305) 22:55:11.944
10/31/2008 (305) 22:55:35.000
10/31/2008 (305) 23:03:23.778
10/31/2008 (305) 23:26:39.000
10/31/2008 (305) 23:26:47.078
10/31/2008 (305) 23:59:54.000
10/31/2008 (305) 23:59:59.976
11/01/2008 (306) 1:13:10.000
11/01/2008 (306) 1:13:16.918
11/01/2008 (306) 1:34:26.000
11/01/2008 (306) 1:34:32.485
11/01/2008 (306) 23:33:51.275
11/02/2008 (307) 1:21:00.430
11/02/2008 (307) 13:48:45.000
11/03/2008 (308) 16:08:17.000
11/03/2008 (308) 16:08:17.743
11/03/2008 (308) 19:22:01.451
11/03/2008 (308) 19:36:22.000
11/03/2008 (308) 19:47:16.534
11/03/2008 (308) 21:39:29.168
11/04/2008 (309) 18:34:52.410
11/04/2008 (309) 18:35:46.000
11/04/2008 (309) 19:03:02.234
11/05/2008 (310) 2:22:44.009
11/05/2008 (310) 5:04:43.841
11/05/2008 (310) 8:21:10.549
11/05/2008 (310) 21:58:43.084
11/07/2008 (312) 8:37:54.329
11/07/2008 (312) 16:04:59.566
11/08/2008 (313) 8:46:01.332
11/08/2008 (313) 16:56:00.082
11/09/2008 (314) 10:38:47.893
11/10/2008 (315) 1:22:04.828
11/10/2008 (315) 8:59:00.800
11/11/2008 (316) 1:46:13.201
11/11/2008 (316) 9:13:31.730
11/11/2008 (316) 12:18:08.912
11/11/2008 (316) 13:51:08.875
11/11/2008 (316) 15:39:00.990
11/11/2008 (316) 21:56:05.924
11/11/2008 (316) 22:45:44.700
11/12/2008 (317) 12:09:39.381
11/14/2008 (319) 2:05:11.741
11/14/2008 (319) 22:52:42.320
11/15/2008 (320) 4:03:35.396
11/15/2008 (320) 9:47:25.644
11/15/2008 (320) 15:21:17.681
11/15/2008 (320) 16:15:11.513
11/15/2008 (320) 23:10:15.102
11/16/2008 (321) 12:20:41.112
11/16/2008 (321) 17:02:34.157
11/16/2008 (321) 17:34:39.861
11/16/2008 (321) 18:20:32.519
11/17/2008 (322) 6:00:57.168
11/17/2008 (322) 12:55:49.375
11/17/2008 (322) 13:40:42.583
51.0815
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10/22/2008 (296) 12:55:36.053
10/22/2008 (296) 12:58:56.374
10/22/2008 (296) 13:34:16.573
10/22/2008 (296) 16:18:37.683
10/22/2008 (296) 21:21:35.171
10/23/2008 (297) 5:50:45.556
10/23/2008 (297) 6:32:01.698
10/23/2008 (297) 9:21:13.367
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10/25/2008 (299) 6:01:36.461
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10/25/2008 (299) 21:09:33.496
10/25/2008 (299) 21:48:24.522
10/26/2008 (300) 0:29:38.018
10/26/2008 (300) 0:37:21.714
10/26/2008 (300) 1:28:52.565
10/26/2008 (300) 2:03:50.512
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10/26/2008 (300) 6:31:31.238
10/26/2008 (300) 9:02:28.832
10/26/2008 (300) 9:08:37.000
10/26/2008 (300) 9:08:40.906
10/26/2008 (300) 18:45:17.713
10/26/2008 (300) 20:59:26.934
10/27/2008 (301) 2:47:14.249
10/27/2008 (301) 10:40:32.676
10/27/2008 (301) 11:25:12.774
10/27/2008 (301) 21:26:07.000
10/27/2008 (301) 21:26:07.249
10/28/2008 (302) 13:45:17.289
10/28/2008 (302) 16:00:06.000
10/28/2008 (302) 16:03:18.216
10/28/2008 (302) 22:33:06.329
10/28/2008 (302) 22:35:14.697
10/28/2008 (302) 23:02:30.661
10/28/2008 (302) 23:09:56.188
10/28/2008 (302) 23:09:56.371
10/29/2008 (303) 11:32:42.000
10/29/2008 (303) 11:32:42.283
10/29/2008 (303) 15:47:35.023
10/29/2008 (303) 22:16:58.316
10/29/2008 (303) 22:17:01.000
10/30/2008 (304) 1:55:15.000
10/30/2008 (304) 1:55:22.722
10/30/2008 (304) 6:32:46.325
10/30/2008 (304) 7:16:18.755
10/30/2008 (304) 7:16:20.000
10/30/2008 (304) 15:15:42.000
10/30/2008 (304) 15:29:06.960
10/30/2008 (304) 22:38:09.787
10/30/2008 (304) 22:38:12.000
10/31/2008 (305) 7:07:20.508
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10/11/2008 (285) 12:28:25.302
10/11/2008 (285) 19:57:09.275
10/11/2008 (285) 19:57:29.000
10/12/2008 (286) 17:27:25.348
10/12/2008 (286) 20:55:05.721
10/12/2008 (286) 20:55:34.000
10/12/2008 (286) 20:55:42.000
10/12/2008 (286) 21:13:46.952
10/13/2008 (287) 8:07:40.717
10/13/2008 (287) 9:23:32.781
10/13/2008 (287) 16:05:28.265
10/13/2008 (287) 17:16:14.890
10/13/2008 (287) 21:37:28.611
10/14/2008 (288) 1:04:25.502
10/14/2008 (288) 2:06:40.397
10/14/2008 (288) 15:06:55.743
10/14/2008 (288) 19:51:35.000
10/14/2008 (288) 19:51:40.424
10/15/2008 (289) 16:35:38.540
10/16/2008 (290) 10:26:06.037
10/16/2008 (290) 17:22:43.870
10/16/2008 (290) 19:41:29.000
10/16/2008 (290) 19:41:41.608
10/17/2008 (291) 10:57:18.076
10/17/2008 (291) 19:58:37.705
10/17/2008 (291) 21:37:19.106
10/18/2008 (292) 0:54:26.912
10/18/2008 (292) 18:48:44.170
10/19/2008 (293) 5:09:45.790
10/19/2008 (293) 5:10:19.297
10/19/2008 (293) 5:10:29.335
10/19/2008 (293) 5:10:34.053
10/19/2008 (293) 5:10:35.550
10/19/2008 (293) 5:10:36.000
10/19/2008 (293) 5:10:57.895
10/19/2008 (293) 5:12:03.995
10/19/2008 (293) 5:13:33.305
10/19/2008 (293) 5:13:33.485
10/19/2008 (293) 5:13:33.643
10/19/2008 (293) 5:13:34.374
10/19/2008 (293) 12:55:06.628
10/19/2008 (293) 17:24:02.248
10/20/2008 (294) 3:25:26.409
10/20/2008 (294) 4:54:20.782
10/20/2008 (294) 5:21:47.851
10/20/2008 (294) 6:55:44.504
10/20/2008 (294) 21:40:19.525
10/20/2008 (294) 21:45:07.017
10/21/2008 (295) 1:22:10.812
10/21/2008 (295) 1:37:50.049
10/21/2008 (295) 7:24:42.993
10/21/2008 (295) 13:02:22.590
10/21/2008 (295) 14:23:53.938
10/21/2008 (295) 20:49:30.577
10/22/2008 (296) 0:49:05.146
10/22/2008 (296) 6:57:39.890
10/22/2008 (296) 7:00:11.764
10/22/2008 (296) 9:11:41.038
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10/04/2008 (278) 17:12:59.240
10/04/2008 (278) 17:29:34.621
10/04/2008 (278) 17:35:54.721
10/04/2008 (278) 18:17:34.233
10/05/2008 (279) 0:02:13.965
10/05/2008 (279) 1:22:42.085
10/05/2008 (279) 9:20:04.579
10/05/2008 (279) 15:52:49.597
10/05/2008 (279) 16:11:18.276
10/05/2008 (279) 17:39:24.107
10/05/2008 (279) 18:27:44.977
10/05/2008 (279) 22:56:35.167
10/06/2008 (280) 0:47:42.799
10/06/2008 (280) 8:30:44.762
10/06/2008 (280) 12:10:36.913
10/07/2008 (281) 2:10:09.668
10/07/2008 (281) 2:52:36.524
10/07/2008 (281) 3:38:52.341
10/07/2008 (281) 8:19:30.096
10/07/2008 (281) 10:00:47.533
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:46.434
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:50.119
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:50.170
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:50.200
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:50.204
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:50.238
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:52.000
10/08/2008 (282) 0:48:52.226
10/08/2008 (282) 7:57:27.523
10/08/2008 (282) 7:57:28.431
10/08/2008 (282) 7:57:34.000
10/08/2008 (282) 7:57:34.111
10/08/2008 (282) 9:52:58.062
10/08/2008 (282) 9:53:02.000
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10/08/2008 (282) 14:04:51.689
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:16.279
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:16.436
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:16.486
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:16.566
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:17.000
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:18.404
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:18.774
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:18.781
10/08/2008 (282) 14:07:18.921
10/08/2008 (282) 19:09:27.000
10/08/2008 (282) 19:09:30.046
10/08/2008 (282) 19:09:34.294
10/09/2008 (283) 21:49:12.294
10/10/2008 (284) 8:46:58.987
10/10/2008 (284) 19:41:03.422
10/11/2008 (285) 9:06:08.000
10/11/2008 (285) 9:06:13.371
10/11/2008 (285) 9:22:01.000
10/11/2008 (285) 9:22:01.000
10/11/2008 (285) 9:22:05.071
10/11/2008 (285) 12:28:21.000
10/11/2008 (285) 12:28:21.000
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9/17/2008 (261) 19:54:43.529
9/18/2008 (262) 2:10:21.000
9/18/2008 (262) 2:10:29.285
9/18/2008 (262) 9:29:18.558
9/18/2008 (262) 11:58:42.655
9/18/2008 (262) 11:58:50.000
9/18/2008 (262) 20:32:45.000
9/18/2008 (262) 20:32:50.592
9/19/2008 (263) 13:18:27.327
9/19/2008 (263) 21:54:39.731
9/20/2008 (264) 2:54:34.860
9/20/2008 (264) 2:54:37.000
9/20/2008 (264) 4:51:03.931
9/20/2008 (264) 7:58:26.037
9/20/2008 (264) 21:48:06.977
9/21/2008 (265) 18:50:16.000
9/22/2008 (266) 4:39:42.261
9/22/2008 (266) 7:31:59.000
9/22/2008 (266) 7:33:08.685
9/22/2008 (266) 13:30:37.000
9/22/2008 (266) 13:30:39.356
9/22/2008 (266) 17:26:24.081
9/22/2008 (266) 21:47:15.985
9/24/2008 (268) 12:04:46.090
9/24/2008 (268) 17:59:30.231
9/25/2008 (269) 1:47:10.270
9/25/2008 (269) 12:05:25.445
9/25/2008 (269) 12:51:20.385
9/25/2008 (269) 12:54:52.168
9/25/2008 (269) 15:32:17.345
9/25/2008 (269) 23:16:31.953
9/26/2008 (270) 3:36:32.240
9/26/2008 (270) 15:52:27.624
9/26/2008 (270) 16:53:31.680
9/26/2008 (270) 18:46:32.837
9/26/2008 (270) 23:10:03.939
9/27/2008 (271) 3:04:49.861
9/27/2008 (271) 3:09:08.866
9/28/2008 (272) 13:42:57.356
9/28/2008 (272) 22:20:17.864
9/29/2008 (273) 3:57:51.139
9/29/2008 (273) 4:30:21.760
9/29/2008 (273) 15:19:26.640
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9/29/2008 (273) 22:44:26.893
9/30/2008 (274) 2:08:03.876
9/30/2008 (274) 4:15:35.401
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10/01/2008 (275) 1:26:16.069
10/01/2008 (275) 2:07:14.134
10/01/2008 (275) 7:34:51.207
10/01/2008 (275) 9:38:07.076
10/01/2008 (275) 18:04:36.619
10/02/2008 (276) 0:06:19.585
10/03/2008 (277) 16:28:08.253
10/03/2008 (277) 21:21:32.497
10/04/2008 (278) 7:57:00.000
10/04/2008 (278) 10:51:14.174
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37445
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9/10/2008 (254) 11:13:26.344
9/10/2008 (254) 11:20:09.058
9/10/2008 (254) 11:26:51.959
9/10/2008 (254) 11:33:12.000
9/10/2008 (254) 11:33:16.685
9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:14.004
9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:15.000
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9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:15.410
9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:16.195
9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:17.701
9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:18.860
9/10/2008 (254) 13:08:21.455
9/10/2008 (254) 13:29:18.052
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9/10/2008 (254) 14:32:49.145
9/10/2008 (254) 15:06:10.053
9/10/2008 (254) 15:48:39.647
9/10/2008 (254) 17:06:49.341
9/10/2008 (254) 17:07:19.813
9/10/2008 (254) 17:35:13.464
9/10/2008 (254) 18:20:26.849
9/10/2008 (254) 19:03:16.261
9/10/2008 (254) 19:30:46.136
9/10/2008 (254) 20:09:01.535
9/10/2008 (254) 21:52:20.568
9/11/2008 (255) 0:00:01.236
9/11/2008 (255) 1:11:14.751
9/11/2008 (255) 2:16:14.613
9/11/2008 (255) 17:38:59.756
9/11/2008 (255) 22:35:00.315
9/12/2008 (256) 0:02:28.951
9/12/2008 (256) 2:20:25.108
9/12/2008 (256) 11:04:14.948
9/12/2008 (256) 16:20:47.545
9/12/2008 (256) 16:53:43.592
9/12/2008 (256) 18:40:46.121
9/12/2008 (256) 23:12:44.512
9/12/2008 (256) 23:56:21.997
9/13/2008 (257) 1:04:36.388
9/13/2008 (257) 8:48:53.551
9/13/2008 (257) 10:08:32.725
9/13/2008 (257) 21:40:49.441
9/14/2008 (258) 0:00:12.199
9/14/2008 (258) 5:21:34.892
9/14/2008 (258) 9:05:01.974
9/14/2008 (258) 16:53:12.763
9/14/2008 (258) 18:51:07.160
9/15/2008 (259) 7:53:01.604
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9/16/2008 (260) 7:27:37.398
9/16/2008 (260) 11:15:38.255
9/16/2008 (260) 21:47:27.076
9/17/2008 (261) 12:08:16.199
9/17/2008 (261) 17:43:50.000
9/17/2008 (261) 17:43:50.966
9/17/2008 (261) 18:42:06.559
9/17/2008 (261) 19:17:49.451
26.8299
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9/08/2008 (252) 3:03:11.011
9/08/2008 (252) 3:03:13.811
9/08/2008 (252) 3:03:16.648
9/08/2008 (252) 3:03:22.000
9/08/2008 (252) 3:05:01.404
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9/08/2008 (252) 3:06:49.587
9/08/2008 (252) 3:06:49.587
9/08/2008 (252) 3:07:18.547
9/08/2008 (252) 17:39:58.492
9/08/2008 (252) 17:40:07.722
9/08/2008 (252) 18:51:48.853
9/08/2008 (252) 18:51:50.455
9/08/2008 (252) 18:51:50.701
9/08/2008 (252) 18:51:51.186
9/08/2008 (252) 18:51:55.534
9/08/2008 (252) 18:51:55.842
9/08/2008 (252) 18:52:10.000
9/08/2008 (252) 18:52:14.071
9/08/2008 (252) 18:53:49.392
9/08/2008 (252) 18:55:24.871
9/08/2008 (252) 18:55:53.996
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:27.166
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:30.000
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:31.552
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:32.883
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:35.637
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:45.941
9/09/2008 (253) 3:07:51.074
9/09/2008 (253) 3:08:03.982
9/09/2008 (253) 3:08:16.886
9/09/2008 (253) 7:43:11.209
9/09/2008 (253) 7:43:11.736
9/09/2008 (253) 7:43:12.132
9/09/2008 (253) 7:43:12.268
9/09/2008 (253) 7:43:13.000
9/09/2008 (253) 7:43:23.533
9/09/2008 (253) 12:22:45.031
9/09/2008 (253) 12:22:46.130
9/09/2008 (253) 12:22:49.000
9/09/2008 (253) 12:23:12.432
9/09/2008 (253) 12:23:12.731
9/09/2008 (253) 23:18:17.832
9/09/2008 (253) 23:18:27.000
9/10/2008 (254) 0:18:53.666
9/10/2008 (254) 1:14:32.000
9/10/2008 (254) 1:14:32.089
9/10/2008 (254) 1:14:32.962
9/10/2008 (254) 1:14:33.145
9/10/2008 (254) 1:14:33.262
9/10/2008 (254) 1:28:08.000
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9/10/2008 (254) 1:28:09.383
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9/10/2008 (254) 11:00:35.000
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9/04/2008 (248) 16:21:45.747
9/05/2008 (249) 3:12:40.901
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:47.560
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:50.831
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:51.000
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:51.568
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:51.834
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:52.253
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9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:53.060
9/05/2008 (249) 4:57:54.490
9/05/2008 (249) 5:00:27.425
9/05/2008 (249) 11:45:21.000
9/05/2008 (249) 11:45:26.973
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:43.384
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:45.400
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:46.311
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:46.361
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:46.422
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:46.457
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:47.852
9/05/2008 (249) 15:11:48.935
9/05/2008 (249) 15:12:02.000
9/05/2008 (249) 19:07:38.040
9/05/2008 (249) 19:07:39.000
9/05/2008 (249) 19:07:41.989
9/05/2008 (249) 19:07:47.198
9/05/2008 (249) 19:07:49.107
9/06/2008 (250) 0:00:24.301
9/06/2008 (250) 0:00:37.175
9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:38.115
9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:39.000
9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:39.084
9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:39.361
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9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:40.755
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9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:40.814
9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:40.873
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9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:46.039
9/06/2008 (250) 5:47:52.223
9/06/2008 (250) 5:50:26.255
9/06/2008 (250) 11:37:50.568
9/06/2008 (250) 11:38:32.960
9/06/2008 (250) 11:38:56.000
9/06/2008 (250) 11:39:11.997
9/07/2008 (251) 2:05:33.000
9/07/2008 (251) 2:05:34.753
9/07/2008 (251) 2:05:36.384
9/07/2008 (251) 9:00:28.000
9/07/2008 (251) 9:00:29.078
9/07/2008 (251) 9:00:29.096
67.6489
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9/01/2008 (245) 4:24:41.394
9/01/2008 (245) 4:24:42.039
9/01/2008 (245) 17:18:57.597
9/01/2008 (245) 17:19:03.885
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9/02/2008 (246) 10:59:38.686
9/02/2008 (246) 11:00:04.000
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9/03/2008 (247) 2:22:41.016
9/03/2008 (247) 2:22:43.532
9/03/2008 (247) 11:25:13.000
9/03/2008 (247) 11:27:33.168
9/03/2008 (247) 11:28:17.748
9/03/2008 (247) 11:28:29.356
9/03/2008 (247) 11:28:29.431
9/03/2008 (247) 11:28:30.146
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9/03/2008 (247) 11:29:53.137
9/03/2008 (247) 11:29:57.104
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9/03/2008 (247) 22:39:01.252
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9/03/2008 (247) 22:43:12.777
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9/04/2008 (248) 12:53:10.049
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9/04/2008 (248) 12:53:11.560
9/04/2008 (248) 12:53:11.793
9/04/2008 (248) 12:53:12.000
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8/28/2008 (241) 15:22:14.009
8/28/2008 (241) 15:22:24.000
8/28/2008 (241) 15:22:26.125
8/28/2008 (241) 15:22:32.054
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8/29/2008 (242) 9:43:15.519
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8/30/2008 (243) 0:43:16.000
8/30/2008 (243) 0:43:17.583
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8/30/2008 (243) 6:53:54.586
8/30/2008 (243) 6:53:56.662
8/30/2008 (243) 6:53:56.891
8/30/2008 (243) 6:53:57.766
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8/30/2008 (243) 8:30:54.835
8/30/2008 (243) 8:30:56.104
8/30/2008 (243) 8:30:56.330
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8/30/2008 (243) 12:04:46.223
8/30/2008 (243) 12:04:51.000
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8/30/2008 (243) 12:46:47.445
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8/30/2008 (243) 12:46:48.449
8/30/2008 (243) 21:31:12.306
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8/30/2008 (243) 21:31:15.000
8/31/2008 (244) 1:15:25.000
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8/31/2008 (244) 1:16:15.444
8/31/2008 (244) 8:31:11.000
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9/01/2008 (245) 4:00:31.000
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9/01/2008 (245) 4:00:52.201
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9/01/2008 (245) 4:24:40.703
9/01/2008 (245) 4:24:40.760
9/01/2008 (245) 4:24:41.348
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8/26/2008 (239) 23:54:25.772
8/26/2008 (239) 23:54:25.928
8/26/2008 (239) 23:54:26.295
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:29.950
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:30.851
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:31.000
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:31.354
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:31.418
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:31.724
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:31.814
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:31.915
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:32.549
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:33.422
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:34.187
8/27/2008 (240) 1:35:35.184
8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:39.000
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8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:47.100
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8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:53.033
8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:53.112
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8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:53.142
8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:53.907
8/27/2008 (240) 5:24:55.487
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8/27/2008 (240) 20:20:43.610
8/27/2008 (240) 21:52:39.592
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8/28/2008 (241) 2:59:37.000
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8/28/2008 (241) 2:59:56.554
8/28/2008 (241) 12:37:35.000
8/28/2008 (241) 12:37:41.914
8/28/2008 (241) 12:37:44.661
8/28/2008 (241) 15:22:13.460
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5.25
4.85
5.11
5.2
5.24
5.22
5.19
6.1
5.47
5.54
6.12
8/25/2008 (238) 10:25:43.876
8/25/2008 (238) 11:25:17.000
8/25/2008 (238) 11:28:32.614
8/25/2008 (238) 13:21:57.268
8/25/2008 (238) 13:21:57.368
8/25/2008 (238) 13:21:58.188
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8/25/2008 (238) 13:39:39.345
8/25/2008 (238) 13:39:39.381
8/25/2008 (238) 13:39:40.711
8/25/2008 (238) 13:39:41.037
8/25/2008 (238) 13:39:42.000
8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:03.835
8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:05.807
8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:06.000
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8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:06.275
8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:06.290
8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:08.219
8/25/2008 (238) 14:16:08.348
8/25/2008 (238) 19:13:52.269
8/25/2008 (238) 19:13:52.384
8/25/2008 (238) 19:13:53.306
8/25/2008 (238) 19:13:54.000
8/25/2008 (238) 19:13:54.065
8/25/2008 (238) 19:13:54.204
8/25/2008 (238) 20:40:44.175
8/25/2008 (238) 20:40:44.274
8/25/2008 (238) 20:40:44.458
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:29.021
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:29.047
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:29.053
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:29.133
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:29.149
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:29.275
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:32.000
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:32.545
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:32.598
8/26/2008 (239) 3:07:33.947
8/26/2008 (239) 7:43:34.271
8/26/2008 (239) 7:46:56.000
8/26/2008 (239) 7:46:57.534
8/26/2008 (239) 21:00:36.000
8/26/2008 (239) 21:00:37.000
8/26/2008 (239) 21:02:59.046
8/26/2008 (239) 21:03:20.492
8/26/2008 (239) 21:03:45.023
8/26/2008 (239) 21:03:49.749
8/26/2008 (239) 21:05:42.084
8/26/2008 (239) 21:18:21.269
8/26/2008 (239) 21:18:21.273
8/26/2008 (239) 23:54:25.716
29.2499
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43.5
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5.16
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:30.823
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:31.073
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:31.199
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:32.984
8/02/2008 (215) 4:03:28.000
8/02/2008 (215) 4:03:56.269
8/03/2008 (216) 0:39:16.305
8/03/2008 (216) 8:01:14.086
8/04/2008 (217) 4:42:14.000
8/04/2008 (217) 9:08:47.600
8/04/2008 (217) 19:38:26.000
8/04/2008 (217) 20:45:11.000
8/05/2008 (218) 9:49:17.000
8/05/2008 (218) 10:08:12.000
8/05/2008 (218) 21:59:45.000
8/06/2008 (219) 22:41:01.000
8/08/2008 (221) 15:53:39.593
8/08/2008 (221) 22:05:15.000
8/09/2008 (222) 15:18:17.000
8/09/2008 (222) 23:22:07.048
8/10/2008 (223) 8:20:35.768
8/10/2008 (223) 9:27:54.000
8/10/2008 (223) 12:21:11.000
8/11/2008 (224) 5:20:16.409
8/11/2008 (224) 12:54:25.561
8/11/2008 (224) 18:32:34.716
8/11/2008 (224) 18:55:50.093
8/11/2008 (224) 20:09:10.665
8/11/2008 (224) 23:38:36.471
8/12/2008 (225) 5:25:30.966
8/13/2008 (226) 18:30:52.665
8/15/2008 (228) 7:37:05.303
8/15/2008 (228) 10:25:16.000
8/16/2008 (229) 2:04:49.903
8/16/2008 (229) 4:01:10.000
8/16/2008 (229) 7:25:57.000
8/16/2008 (229) 14:08:52.897
8/18/2008 (231) 1:46:33.000
8/18/2008 (231) 1:47:02.142
8/18/2008 (231) 2:21:27.385
8/18/2008 (231) 5:16:27.535
8/20/2008 (233) 13:18:05.000
8/20/2008 (233) 15:20:21.342
8/21/2008 (234) 9:32:56.000
8/21/2008 (234) 12:20:57.000
8/21/2008 (234) 12:24:31.000
8/21/2008 (234) 12:40:12.725
8/21/2008 (234) 15:24:49.426
8/22/2008 (235) 7:47:40.000
8/22/2008 (235) 10:59:49.000
8/24/2008 (237) 0:37:39.112
8/24/2008 (237) 7:35:15.709
8/24/2008 (237) 9:01:21.824
8/25/2008 (238) 2:43:09.000
8/25/2008 (238) 3:18:23.043
8/25/2008 (238) 10:25:08.000
8/25/2008 (238) 10:25:25.488
8/25/2008 (238) 10:25:27.338
13.4677
13.4491
13.4376
13.4454
29.34
30.5264
39.7116
25.4316
49.95
26.6935
34.18
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32.81
13.86
33.23
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41.4474
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51.56
25.7203
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24.9569
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26.1141
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54.8609
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40
206.4372
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188.7435
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69.1
8
29.8
150.4
10
35
10
10
202.8583
57
61.6
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10
28.2999
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24
4.0781
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15.2372
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10
6
16.8
10
6
35
204.1301
100
4
35
20
100.1
10
10
40.219
10
10
39.9
32.2913
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16
49.1
0.7117
10
102.0728
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33917
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35781
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35864
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35868
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35114
35116
5.13
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5.42
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5.1
5.33
4.56
2.8
5.7
4.37
5.4
6
6
5.3
5
5.7
5.27
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5.4
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5.4
5.7
2.47
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5
6
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7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:10.867
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:10.933
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:10.956
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:10.964
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:11.701
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:11.932
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:30.000
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:33.026
7/21/2008 (203) 9:01:04.000
7/21/2008 (203) 9:01:07.699
7/21/2008 (203) 11:29:48.502
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:31.000
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:37.755
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:42.627
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:42.745
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:42.893
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:42.987
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:43.931
7/21/2008 (203) 11:30:44.057
7/22/2008 (204) 6:21:49.604
7/22/2008 (204) 8:46:50.000
7/23/2008 (205) 15:26:20.000
7/23/2008 (205) 15:59:50.919
7/23/2008 (205) 19:54:45.000
7/24/2008 (206) 1:43:17.000
7/24/2008 (206) 2:27:39.000
7/24/2008 (206) 7:09:30.000
7/25/2008 (207) 0:29:27.000
7/25/2008 (207) 16:10:59.122
7/26/2008 (208) 5:35:37.000
7/26/2008 (208) 15:25:16.519
7/27/2008 (209) 0:02:51.000
7/27/2008 (209) 19:30:50.000
7/27/2008 (209) 21:15:41.000
7/27/2008 (209) 22:42:07.000
7/28/2008 (210) 7:10:05.000
7/28/2008 (210) 21:40:53.000
7/29/2008 (211) 18:42:15.000
7/29/2008 (211) 18:54:41.000
7/30/2008 (212) 20:14:49.715
8/01/2008 (214) 1:29:29.000
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:43.000
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:43.897
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:44.009
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:44.517
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:45.021
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:48.452
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:48.626
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:48.802
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:48.897
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:48.900
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:49.795
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:50.091
8/01/2008 (214) 8:32:52.398
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:17.810
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:18.450
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:25.000
8/01/2008 (214) 10:35:29.058
27.6068
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37.78
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314.9197
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15
10
35
10
10
56.2
6
36.6
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316.8
10
112.1
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52.8
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55.8
0
14.6
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8.7072
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180.7586
33331
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33325
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7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:24.000
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:24.982
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:24.982
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:24.993
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:25.131
7/06/2008 (188) 9:09:09.074
7/06/2008 (188) 12:01:33.000
7/06/2008 (188) 12:01:45.100
7/06/2008 (188) 12:01:49.698
7/06/2008 (188) 12:46:55.300
7/06/2008 (188) 12:46:57.000
7/06/2008 (188) 17:05:20.000
7/06/2008 (188) 17:05:28.391
7/06/2008 (188) 17:05:35.220
7/06/2008 (188) 17:05:35.242
7/06/2008 (188) 17:05:35.256
7/07/2008 (189) 22:43:54.000
7/08/2008 (190) 7:42:15.577
7/08/2008 (190) 9:13:02.000
7/08/2008 (190) 16:08:35.000
7/09/2008 (191) 8:24:19.000
7/09/2008 (191) 9:00:22.575
7/09/2008 (191) 12:29:40.000
7/09/2008 (191) 22:17:44.000
7/10/2008 (192) 17:32:28.000
7/11/2008 (193) 2:03:51.000
7/11/2008 (193) 6:51:37.000
7/11/2008 (193) 9:58:48.000
7/11/2008 (193) 21:35:06.000
7/12/2008 (194) 0:01:26.000
7/12/2008 (194) 4:27:14.851
7/13/2008 (195) 14:58:30.126
7/14/2008 (196) 4:44:55.000
7/14/2008 (196) 8:45:07.725
7/15/2008 (197) 3:26:34.973
7/16/2008 (198) 22:58:19.000
7/17/2008 (199) 22:51:56.000
7/19/2008 (201) 2:39:26.908
7/19/2008 (201) 2:39:27.791
7/19/2008 (201) 2:39:31.000
7/19/2008 (201) 2:39:38.123
7/19/2008 (201) 2:39:38.787
7/19/2008 (201) 9:27:05.000
7/19/2008 (201) 11:01:22.000
7/19/2008 (201) 22:39:53.000
7/19/2008 (201) 22:45:26.371
7/19/2008 (201) 23:19:58.000
7/20/2008 (202) 6:11:03.000
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:42.000
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:44.067
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:44.076
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:44.203
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:46.801
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:47.042
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:51.084
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:51.177
7/20/2008 (202) 8:21:51.322
7/20/2008 (202) 21:30:10.795
45.48
45.3414
45.34
45.3409
45.2461
48.3551
15.32
16.0271
16.4801
15.4772
15.28
27.88
27.94
28.017
28.0219
28.0217
51.92
27.588
-15.96
39.53
-20.96
26.0333
49.16
-1.75
6.5
35.92
-9.53
-2.91
21.03
51.61
26.9936
20.9343
2.27
12.9145
35.9207
33.16
44.38
37.3313
37.1947
37.63
37.2128
36.9937
-11.04
-11.08
-17.13
-7.5199
-0.41
-8.67
4.93
4.8946
4.8942
4.8963
4.9426
4.9878
5.1095
5.1183
5.1233
27.5648
150.91
150.4695
150.4762
150.4708
150.3893
140.208
122.43
122.1825
121.8363
122.8095
122.48
142.38
141.0109
140.8114
140.8447
140.8397
-176.99
128.2192
-71.68
73.17
168.72
55.9136
151.47
101.18
124.61
69.64
107.58
147.86
121.11
-176.38
56.6187
121.6409
96.6
50.7635
27.3015
92.05
-129.35
142.5674
142.3981
142.11
142.391
142.1437
164.49
164.46
-177.42
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96.96
111.24
62.17
62.2598
62.2563
62.2496
62.1568
62.093
59.8149
59.8216
59.845
140.7067
38
35
17.5842
18.1512
17.7511
16.092
0
35
94.1066
98.7093
15
35
59.1
50.3519
101.9473
103.1639
103.0629
93.7
57.7656
74.3
51.6
64.3
10
275.1
83.9
27.5
35
10
10
6
63
10
0.2578
49.3
114.8263
60
10
10
14.3734
16.2091
40.2
100.2057
99.8143
38.1
43.1
396
646.5949
35
35
10
8.76
8.7714
9.2346
22.4327
18.0042
0.4918
0.1719
0.4726
310.8766
32553
32547
32543
32545
32549
32551
32569
32560
32559
32570
32573
32587
32585
32579
32580
32582
32615
32645
32665
32682
32711
34839
32725
32737
32781
32795
32821
32827
32859
32867
34840
32917
32949
34851
33009
33061
33095
33148
33150
33159
33156
33153
33193
33201
33243
33239
33255
33287
33307
33301
33304
33302
33299
33296
33295
33292
33291
33327
5.7
6.16
6.16
6.16
6.18
6.45
5.4
5.57
5.58
5.37
5.1
5
5.47
4.94
5.14
5.09
5.4
5.96
6
5.2
5.7
5
5.1
5.2
5.2
5.5
5.4
5.4
5.1
5.93
5.5
5.55
5.1
5.6
6.39
6.39
7
6.17
6.17
6.7
6.3
6.4
5.3
5.3
5.2
5.15
5.15
5.12
5.14
5.15
5.3
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:29.000
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:35.587
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:40.118
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:40.514
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:42.498
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:42.503
6/25/2008 (177) 2:53:46.435
6/25/2008 (177) 6:40:48.000
6/25/2008 (177) 6:40:52.892
6/25/2008 (177) 6:40:53.698
6/25/2008 (177) 6:40:57.931
6/25/2008 (177) 9:58:24.591
6/25/2008 (177) 15:41:28.146
6/25/2008 (177) 23:40:11.224
6/26/2008 (178) 21:29:22.192
6/27/2008 (179) 11:40:15.092
6/27/2008 (179) 13:07:17.091
6/27/2008 (179) 16:50:54.854
6/27/2008 (179) 17:27:37.914
6/27/2008 (179) 18:05:20.319
6/27/2008 (179) 18:54:00.152
6/28/2008 (180) 3:27:36.495
6/28/2008 (180) 4:35:24.961
6/28/2008 (180) 8:56:53.310
6/28/2008 (180) 12:54:51.307
6/28/2008 (180) 15:29:14.494
6/29/2008 (181) 0:32:23.191
6/29/2008 (181) 12:47:25.439
6/29/2008 (181) 12:47:27.162
6/29/2008 (181) 18:00:55.430
6/29/2008 (181) 20:52:57.743
6/29/2008 (181) 21:24:01.829
6/29/2008 (181) 23:40:39.662
6/30/2008 (182) 6:27:23.245
6/30/2008 (182) 22:11:10.571
7/01/2008 (183) 1:54:41.000
7/01/2008 (183) 1:56:19.924
7/01/2008 (183) 2:44:56.621
7/03/2008 (185) 3:02:08.454
7/03/2008 (185) 23:09:54.187
7/05/2008 (187) 2:11:58.927
7/05/2008 (187) 2:38:36.730
7/05/2008 (187) 7:49:04.000
7/05/2008 (187) 7:49:04.003
7/05/2008 (187) 7:49:04.039
7/05/2008 (187) 7:49:04.113
7/05/2008 (187) 7:49:14.977
7/06/2008 (188) 1:00:06.683
7/06/2008 (188) 1:00:09.000
7/06/2008 (188) 1:00:09.279
7/06/2008 (188) 1:00:15.365
7/06/2008 (188) 1:00:26.160
7/06/2008 (188) 1:00:26.176
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:18.116
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:18.921
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:19.062
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:20.983
7/06/2008 (188) 9:08:23.015
1.4
1.9489
2.1163
2.1206
2.2966
2.2566
2.5336
12.03
12.6894
12.457
12.7089
26.576
-5.6874
40.1759
39.0045
10.9397
11.26
31.2811
23.9231
11.5683
26.1815
12.2559
11.6669
-34.0707
10.8312
10.6323
12.3872
35.6874
35.6107
26.9884
45.0613
25.2311
25.8983
-10.9771
28.066
-58.06
-56.1775
25.7019
-22.9173
36.1893
53.8508
-17.7056
36.73
36.7001
36.7073
36.7548
36.963
45.5494
45.41
45.5797
45.584
45.651
45.6481
45.402
45.385
45.4144
45.3846
45.2467
97.22
97.7163
97.6767
97.675
97.5543
97.6229
97.5582
125.66
125.0898
125.7514
125.0756
55.1118
152.6425
107.1855
115.5961
92.223
92.0329
57.9471
62.7059
91.802
55.5884
91.9545
91.6289
-16.4322
92.0772
92.4119
91.4522
88.3141
88.2426
56.7049
138.4994
56.6356
56.0528
23.3546
56.675
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57.6814
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60.5727
154.0703
9.7234
140.74
140.1395
140.1393
140.1069
140.049
151.1026
151.03
150.6572
150.6775
149.6809
149.6821
151.1767
151.398
151.4069
151.0278
150.7828
37
40.3
51.8714
98.0795
101.6399
101.8657
111.9051
127.1054
74.9
50
94.9255
98.081
10
100
10
20
20
70.6534
164.0623
0
34.2473
13.6479
385.8363
160.9277
6.0083
50.7476
53.3406
12.3004
0.5096
15.1219
6.5015
288.6908
10
17.1216
0.1898
10
10
119.8484
10
288.559
44.0087
584.6714
0.1719
46.2
15.5098
15.4512
13.9552
99.9319
0.0011
21
0.0257
44.6388
101.0764
101.0892
0.0021
13.2976
12.4173
10.2582
15
32070
31719
31726
31728
31717
31724
31721
31754
31748
31752
31749
34570
34575
34578
34615
34617
34678
34687
34706
34708
34712
34713
34717
34719
34722
34728
34736
34742
34757
34762
34765
34801
34773
34785
34794
32213
32208
32231
32330
32386
32436
32456
32479
32475
32476
32480
32473
32507
32519
32511
32508
32515
32513
32537
32533
32535
32539
32540
5.6
5.82
5.65
5.65
5.87
5.64
5.7
5.3
5.34
5.43
5.37
4.9
4.79
5.52
4.83
4.77
3.64
3.63
2.9
2.9
5.69
4.88
4.78
4.67
3.94
5.9
2.37
2.55
4.61
3.32
5.7
5.22
2.79
5.9
7.18
5.74
5.1
5.72
5.72
5.77
5.48
5.41
5.6
5.69
5.6
5.55
5.55
5.93
5.93
5.93
6.17
6.18
3.96
2.27
3.34
3.18
2.43
6/06/2008 (158) 3:42:52.000
6/06/2008 (158) 13:42:49.000
6/06/2008 (158) 20:02:56.000
6/08/2008 (160) 10:51:19.000
6/08/2008 (160) 12:25:32.155
6/08/2008 (160) 17:56:20.000
6/08/2008 (160) 17:56:31.859
6/08/2008 (160) 18:24:43.000
6/08/2008 (160) 18:24:48.168
6/10/2008 (162) 7:10:09.446
6/10/2008 (162) 7:10:35.000
6/10/2008 (162) 7:44:36.000
6/10/2008 (162) 10:04:58.000
6/10/2008 (162) 11:04:15.000
6/10/2008 (162) 11:36:45.000
6/10/2008 (162) 14:15:39.000
6/10/2008 (162) 18:43:18.991
6/11/2008 (163) 13:13:19.000
6/12/2008 (164) 0:20:53.953
6/12/2008 (164) 2:10:17.849
6/12/2008 (164) 11:00:24.939
6/12/2008 (164) 13:10:13.000
6/13/2008 (165) 23:43:44.229
6/14/2008 (166) 0:20:13.000
6/14/2008 (166) 3:27:34.000
6/15/2008 (167) 1:13:11.000
6/15/2008 (167) 12:43:27.342
6/16/2008 (168) 14:14:41.000
6/16/2008 (168) 20:10:19.088
6/16/2008 (168) 22:18:31.367
6/17/2008 (169) 5:42:09.017
6/18/2008 (170) 1:58:40.050
6/18/2008 (170) 7:10:33.000
6/18/2008 (170) 8:12:14.000
6/18/2008 (170) 13:13:04.816
6/19/2008 (171) 22:22:34.000
6/20/2008 (172) 3:16:02.000
6/20/2008 (172) 12:55:03.593
6/21/2008 (173) 5:57:20.000
6/21/2008 (173) 7:53:13.484
6/21/2008 (173) 11:36:24.000
6/21/2008 (173) 11:36:53.691
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:20.633
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:20.749
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:23.788
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:23.953
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:28.246
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:29.000
6/22/2008 (174) 23:56:29.383
6/23/2008 (175) 1:21:55.415
6/23/2008 (175) 7:15:34.857
6/23/2008 (175) 12:32:44.140
6/24/2008 (176) 18:26:50.591
6/25/2008 (177) 1:52:40.000
6/25/2008 (177) 1:52:42.197
6/25/2008 (177) 1:52:43.230
6/25/2008 (177) 1:52:53.104
6/25/2008 (177) 1:52:54.390
-7.45
-7.44
35.9
31.95
37.9552
33.1
33.9108
32.29
32.4024
-5.722
-5.34
5.25
33.15
33.19
33.14
33.14
57.1424
4.24
34.9032
-4.6426
14.2543
25.41
39.1086
38.99
39.26
-17.76
26.0172
39.26
25.5948
22.3019
21.6685
37.4644
33.15
33.2
1.8604
1
-4.78
26.733
36.25
26.2385
36.19
36.4739
67.521
67.5164
67.5088
67.4785
67.5989
67.67
67.5489
26.8516
26.3763
46.8846
40.1725
1.45
1.6709
2.7917
2.315
2.5313
156.16
127.94
-0.59
104.3
21.5113
92.09
91.996
85.35
85.5444
155.7554
154.41
126.47
92.02
92.08
92.19
92.05
90.0379
123.17
26.3835
124.4095
148.1236
141.43
140.6507
140.41
140.71
-179.66
52.5643
140.52
55.2303
60.1926
61.5951
22.2529
91.95
91.99
129.0124
124.72
148.95
56.4085
21.83
55.8097
22.03
23.5764
144.3864
144.3859
144.2568
144.2622
141.5175
141.41
141.4818
58.5096
57.0466
150.9717
70.9176
97.16
97.1249
97.2838
97.4712
97.6729
36
88.8
122.1
4
10
17.116
10
49.9376
10
19.8797
0
149.1
56
10
10
10
14
13.7821
551.2
77.6942
3.5348
266.5699
35
0.2624
10
10
604.1
0
10
35.0159
0
0.0127
67.8993
10
10
37.4886
188.7
606
0
48.2
13.2659
17.1
202.7923
0.0373
0.0446
14.7477
15.6141
3.9837
12.6
9.7254
35.4694
10
183.2811
27
46.7
51.5915
0.0148
107.7298
100
30519
30548
30718
30648
31543
30689
31544
30696
31545
31546
30733
30735
30756
30757
30762
30772
31551
30850
31552
31554
31555
30904
31558
30999
31025
31116
31566
31178
31568
31569
31570
31571
31284
31286
31573
31379
31406
31574
31475
31575
31684
31576
31609
31607
31605
31604
31614
31612
31615
32173
32289
32291
32297
31715
31706
31712
31710
31707
5.1
6
5.5
5
5.95
5.1
4.9
5
5.2
5.3
5.3
5
5.3
5.21
4.7
4.58
4.63
5.35
5.3
6.05
5.5
5
5.7
4.15
5
2.67
2.76
4.03
5.08
4.9
5.2
5.31
5
5.2
4.06
4.7
2.23
5.6
4.98
6.3
6.42
6.59
6.53
6.42
5.9
6.42
3.68
3.12
5.86
4.6
5.3
5.49
5.49
5.37
5.44
4.43
2.85
2.69
3.97
4.09
2.9
3.67
3.54
5/23/2008 (144) 3:33:07.000
5/23/2008 (144) 9:10:02.266
5/23/2008 (144) 19:35:35.000
5/23/2008 (144) 21:10:04.668
5/23/2008 (144) 22:50:30.000
5/24/2008 (145) 3:53:00.080
5/24/2008 (145) 4:58:19.000
5/24/2008 (145) 7:40:39.000
5/24/2008 (145) 13:24:29.540
5/25/2008 (146) 8:21:53.016
5/25/2008 (146) 9:34:09.000
5/25/2008 (146) 19:18:23.000
5/27/2008 (148) 6:18:08.000
5/27/2008 (148) 8:03:23.000
5/27/2008 (148) 8:37:51.000
5/29/2008 (150) 15:46:01.000
5/30/2008 (151) 7:25:43.000
5/31/2008 (152) 1:24:14.511
5/31/2008 (152) 5:03:33.000
5/31/2008 (152) 14:28:36.000
6/01/2008 (153) 1:57:22.000
6/01/2008 (153) 9:24:34.000
6/01/2008 (153) 10:33:28.000
6/01/2008 (153) 14:31:06.000
6/01/2008 (153) 15:59:49.000
6/01/2008 (153) 16:35:02.480
6/01/2008 (153) 16:35:02.595
6/01/2008 (153) 16:35:09.000
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:10.478
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:10.496
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:15.996
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:20.286
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:23.000
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:23.266
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:24.103
6/01/2008 (153) 16:59:26.389
6/01/2008 (153) 22:55:32.413
6/01/2008 (153) 23:40:36.164
6/01/2008 (153) 23:40:36.435
6/02/2008 (154) 6:56:25.000
6/02/2008 (154) 6:56:25.902
6/02/2008 (154) 19:47:15.000
6/03/2008 (155) 3:09:29.000
6/03/2008 (155) 3:09:29.585
6/03/2008 (155) 8:42:17.000
6/03/2008 (155) 8:42:23.971
6/03/2008 (155) 8:42:28.619
6/03/2008 (155) 10:15:51.000
6/03/2008 (155) 10:15:59.347
6/03/2008 (155) 16:20:52.000
6/03/2008 (155) 17:31:32.000
6/03/2008 (155) 21:03:51.000
6/03/2008 (155) 22:04:28.000
6/03/2008 (155) 22:49:57.000
6/04/2008 (156) 17:03:05.000
6/05/2008 (157) 4:41:05.000
6/05/2008 (157) 16:56:39.694
6/05/2008 (157) 16:56:41.055
51.69
25.8579
7.26
26.8963
-7.03
25.1025
42.44
-8.78
-6.5945
32.9144
33.08
56.08
36.47
32.73
32.73
64.03
30.78
26.4078
36.49
40.13
20.12
52.11
-4.52
-59.04
-9.19
51.8601
51.9104
51.85
24.2598
24.2598
24.9553
24.9775
24.86
25.2273
25.311
25.4373
-4.4709
24.1731
24.1911
9.06
9.0743
-0.03
32.12
32.0487
-3.53
-2.5304
-2.196
0.37
0.6328
-10.4
-8.22
-8.14
-8.14
-2.1
41.57
32.34
55.2023
55.2882
177.92
56.0742
-34.88
56.4181
129.57
55.5032
-30.55
124.03
155.7496
105.2652
104.98
-153.81
48.71
105.55
105.62
-20.99
141.56
55.5659
141.66
142.54
121.32
159.04
129.61
149.77
118.2
159.6707
159.6718
159.06
123.2501
123.2501
122.0939
122.0425
121.84
121.6466
121.5143
121.3028
129.878
55.8539
55.8521
125.65
125.8317
123.33
104.67
104.8092
68.36
68.4629
68.5039
97.79
97.7536
161.34
120.28
120.24
120.17
99.97
139.06
105.14
-170.643
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35
35
7
10
50
62.2
24
10
45.6
200
13
10
10
34.7
10
10
10
40.2
10
39.1
35
22.4
79
10
10
88
15.6722
15.0817
60.9
50
50
15
44.8058
87.9
42.0009
38.8836
45.6271
0
0
0.0338
62.4
69.9804
144.3
10
0.0355
10
15
28.4272
35
100
89.9
10
35
10
39
191.6
10
18.898
24.8427
29474
30583
29512
29522
29558
30585
29572
29593
30588
30591
29676
29692
29756
29760
29771
29877
29911
30595
29988
30028
30059
30084
30103
30113
30130
30196
30131
30136
30218
30133
30143
30142
30145
30139
30138
30197
31538
30172
31539
30225
31540
30248
30274
30267
30288
30282
30284
30297
30293
30324
30330
30350
30364
30392
30432
30470
30494
31542
5.2
2.26
6.4
1.78
3.13
5.7
2.85
5.5
5.3
5.23
4.8
6.2
4.9
5.2
5.7
6.1
5.6
4.71
4.9
4.9
6.4
5
5.8
6.4
5.1
5.33
5.57
5
5.38
5.41
5.43
5.38
5.3
5.4
5.37
5.38
5.46
2.55
4.73
1.28
2.12
4.9
5.3
5
5.14
5.2
5.27
5.29
5.2
5.2
6.2
6.1
5.8
6.1
5.5
5.6
5.3
5.3
5/08/2008 (129) 21:18:55.000
5/08/2008 (129) 23:21:07.000
5/09/2008 (130) 21:51:31.000
5/10/2008 (131) 0:00:52.000
5/10/2008 (131) 18:23:54.753
5/10/2008 (131) 18:23:54.753
5/10/2008 (131) 18:23:56.247
5/10/2008 (131) 18:24:02.000
5/10/2008 (131) 19:42:16.720
5/10/2008 (131) 20:53:01.000
5/11/2008 (132) 2:48:22.080
5/11/2008 (132) 20:57:07.463
5/12/2008 (133) 6:28:01.000
5/12/2008 (133) 8:21:42.729
5/12/2008 (133) 9:42:24.000
5/12/2008 (133) 9:42:31.110
5/12/2008 (133) 10:23:40.000
5/12/2008 (133) 11:11:02.000
5/12/2008 (133) 11:11:05.145
5/12/2008 (133) 12:50:35.000
5/12/2008 (133) 14:46:08.000
5/12/2008 (133) 15:28:54.000
5/12/2008 (133) 17:54:37.191
5/12/2008 (133) 20:08:54.209
5/12/2008 (133) 20:45:47.849
5/12/2008 (133) 23:46:19.000
5/13/2008 (134) 7:07:09.000
5/13/2008 (134) 10:29:19.000
5/13/2008 (134) 14:14:33.000
5/13/2008 (134) 21:48:33.000
5/14/2008 (135) 2:54:38.000
5/14/2008 (135) 2:54:42.896
5/14/2008 (135) 5:54:59.000
5/14/2008 (135) 9:26:44.000
5/14/2008 (135) 13:03:01.940
5/14/2008 (135) 17:33:24.000
5/14/2008 (135) 21:01:07.000
5/15/2008 (136) 9:46:40.000
5/15/2008 (136) 14:23:29.000
5/15/2008 (136) 21:55:48.000
5/16/2008 (137) 3:34:27.000
5/16/2008 (137) 5:25:48.000
5/17/2008 (138) 17:08:25.000
5/18/2008 (139) 12:17:24.000
5/19/2008 (140) 3:16:14.000
5/19/2008 (140) 5:40:56.766
5/19/2008 (140) 6:07:06.065
5/19/2008 (140) 10:08:35.000
5/19/2008 (140) 14:26:45.000
5/19/2008 (140) 14:49:24.000
5/19/2008 (140) 16:54:23.963
5/19/2008 (140) 17:52:34.000
5/20/2008 (141) 13:53:47.090
5/20/2008 (141) 17:08:02.000
5/20/2008 (141) 20:42:44.000
5/21/2008 (142) 20:17:32.000
5/21/2008 (142) 22:22:57.000
5/21/2008 (142) 23:23:10.000
36.02
36.13
12.51
41.62
43.5481
43.5481
43.5733
43.49
24.7203
36.35
27.5105
36.4103
31.02
31.5419
31.53
31.3444
30.99
31.2
31.2165
56.52
32.71
31.13
31.7434
31.2753
31.8797
31.32
30.94
4.52
16.4
16.46
31.33
31.5188
32.11
31.4
33.8623
31.27
31.65
36.52
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32.33
31.42
31.34
32.27
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33.4127
42.54
1.65
1.78
26.2411
32.23
51.3559
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53.32
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141.02
141.69
143.16
141.94
145.5395
145.5395
145.7383
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121.9044
22.3
53.5989
70.7672
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103.697
104.11
104.2168
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103.9561
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105.62
103.39
103.3256
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103.5
103.25
95.02
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122.27
103.51
103.537
104
104.02
52.3941
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104.11
70.57
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104.98
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31.83
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99.18
99.24
55.1771
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178.374
101.48
108.36
102.46
101.4
101.09
34
97.8
17
87.6
35
0.0352
0.0354
15.311
84
111.089
24.2
93.1814
193.9059
19
7.1899
10
53.8415
10
10
36.535
33
10
10
0.1549
55.1939
161.2075
10
10
35
65.9
56.2
10
10
10
10
20
10
10
194.1
35
10
10
10
10
35
10
200
2.843
494.8
11.6
63.7
16
10
95
62.9
10
35
35
29.8
27851
27865
28048
28050
28087
28085
28083
28091
28420
28121
28137
28422
28513
28238
28799
28432
28284
28801
28437
28294
28308
28316
28317
28440
28442
28402
28467
28491
28511
28561
29016
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28611
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28749
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29123
29164
29175
29184
29228
29258
29260
30580
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30582
29350
29366
29408
29416
29458
4.9
5.5
6.7
5
5.73
5.73
5.71
5.2
4.94
5
3.59
5.3
7.9
4.86
5.5
4.92
5.1
5.8
5.14
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.61
5.52
4.84
5.4
5.9
5.8
5.3
5.3
5.5
5.75
5.1
5.3
5.09
4.8
5.1
4.8
5.8
5
5.2
5.6
6
5.6
5.5
5.18
5.42
5.6
5.9
5.1
2.56
5.2
5.57
5.6
5.2
5.3
5.6
5.2
4.28
2.89
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:10.459
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:25.846
4/29/2008 (120) 5:55:21.976
4/29/2008 (120) 5:55:28.730
4/29/2008 (120) 5:55:28.733
4/29/2008 (120) 5:56:19.996
4/29/2008 (120) 19:08:38.425
4/29/2008 (120) 19:08:38.750
4/29/2008 (120) 19:08:48.671
4/29/2008 (120) 19:08:49.603
4/29/2008 (120) 19:08:49.657
4/29/2008 (120) 19:08:50.200
4/29/2008 (120) 19:09:47.619
4/29/2008 (120) 19:09:50.020
4/29/2008 (120) 19:09:52.444
4/29/2008 (120) 19:09:53.241
4/29/2008 (120) 19:09:56.711
4/29/2008 (120) 19:10:01.000
4/29/2008 (120) 19:10:27.419
4/29/2008 (120) 19:10:27.428
4/30/2008 (121) 3:03:03.000
4/30/2008 (121) 3:03:06.292
4/30/2008 (121) 6:16:26.015
5/01/2008 (122) 0:15:32.157
5/01/2008 (122) 4:57:56.000
5/01/2008 (122) 20:42:38.066
5/02/2008 (123) 1:00:11.772
5/02/2008 (123) 1:33:36.000
5/02/2008 (123) 5:41:26.000
5/03/2008 (124) 3:53:35.000
5/03/2008 (124) 19:01:47.000
5/05/2008 (126) 0:26:56.000
5/05/2008 (126) 2:05:33.503
5/05/2008 (126) 4:17:47.831
5/05/2008 (126) 21:57:56.517
5/05/2008 (126) 22:49:34.519
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:35.570
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:35.591
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:35.601
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.024
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.677
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.731
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.741
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.800
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.812
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.936
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:36.959
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:37.000
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:37.299
5/06/2008 (127) 23:27:58.598
5/07/2008 (128) 5:19:35.932
5/07/2008 (128) 12:08:07.406
5/07/2008 (128) 16:16:38.000
5/07/2008 (128) 16:45:20.000
5/07/2008 (128) 19:50:55.000
5/08/2008 (129) 9:40:35.000
5/08/2008 (129) 11:31:29.000
5/08/2008 (129) 20:56:38.324
41.2415
41.2465
27.7496
26.7839
26.7839
22.6745
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40.87
41.544
14.4386
33.7383
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26.1425
26.7804
51.9
37.32
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36.18
21.8861
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25.2246
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36.14
28.24
36.2
5.4
24.5369
142.0967
140.7598
54.2008
53.6448
53.6448
56.5482
133.7132
133.7006
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132.5065
132.5047
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128.9407
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126.7315
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123.2777
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123.2507
123.5131
56.8661
55.6126
141.7
141.45
57.65
141.92
94.63
56.9393
33
103.8901
193.5417
100.3204
0
0
20
0
0
0.2382
0.2748
0.3596
0.7297
314.8961
318.624
330.3171
300
360.2552
395.2
600
600
10
0
15
24
86.4
20
12
10
38.8
50.3
35
10
10
10
50
34
197.5675
198.5862
199.4746
206.8411
213.9752
207.1982
206.1336
200
200
213.2067
214.3167
210.8
215.3889
463.3679
13
16
35
35
88.4
10
90.1
5
26853
26850
26881
26878
26877
26875
26919
26917
26908
26906
26903
26904
26901
26898
26896
26911
26895
26921
26914
26913
26943
26938
27302
27400
27019
27409
27411
27081
27091
27149
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27231
27412
27417
27419
27424
27466
27459
27464
27462
27448
27478
27476
27458
27455
27446
27449
27482
27451
27453
27621
27831
27732
27734
27769
27799
27811
28081
5.8
5.3
4.19
4.76
5.7
2.54
2.67
6.6
5.1
5.7
5.6
5.1
2.39
4.45
5.21
2.86
5.44
5.5
5.43
5.49
5.24
5.47
5.42
5.56
5.43
5.32
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5.3
5.14
5.17
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5.9
6.8
4.7
4.8
5
2.25
4.24
2.99
3.18
2.21
6.25
2.79
3.05
1.71
2.2
4/21/2008 (112) 6:52:17.287
4/21/2008 (112) 12:53:37.850
4/23/2008 (114) 1:27:16.261
4/23/2008 (114) 1:27:20.000
4/23/2008 (114) 14:05:42.198
4/23/2008 (114) 18:28:54.217
4/23/2008 (114) 21:28:32.721
4/23/2008 (114) 22:04:16.438
4/25/2008 (116) 9:52:58.809
4/25/2008 (116) 15:21:15.642
4/26/2008 (117) 3:07:02.790
4/26/2008 (117) 12:39:01.203
4/26/2008 (117) 13:14:58.974
4/26/2008 (117) 22:21:07.896
4/26/2008 (117) 23:34:48.182
4/27/2008 (118) 1:16:12.037
4/27/2008 (118) 5:02:35.000
4/27/2008 (118) 7:21:54.000
4/28/2008 (119) 0:06:30.000
4/28/2008 (119) 4:27:16.000
4/28/2008 (119) 15:57:56.406
4/28/2008 (119) 18:33:28.000
4/28/2008 (119) 18:33:28.804
4/28/2008 (119) 18:33:30.230
4/28/2008 (119) 18:33:31.385
4/28/2008 (119) 18:33:33.366
4/28/2008 (119) 18:33:35.881
4/28/2008 (119) 18:37:10.584
4/28/2008 (119) 18:37:34.627
4/28/2008 (119) 18:37:34.950
4/28/2008 (119) 18:37:38.473
4/28/2008 (119) 18:37:38.473
4/28/2008 (119) 18:39:36.549
4/28/2008 (119) 20:26:49.000
4/28/2008 (119) 20:26:49.687
4/28/2008 (119) 20:26:55.425
4/28/2008 (119) 20:28:22.647
4/28/2008 (119) 20:30:24.350
4/28/2008 (119) 20:30:25.854
4/29/2008 (120) 0:06:56.208
4/29/2008 (120) 0:06:59.000
4/29/2008 (120) 0:06:59.492
4/29/2008 (120) 0:06:59.506
4/29/2008 (120) 0:07:01.915
4/29/2008 (120) 0:07:01.950
4/29/2008 (120) 0:07:01.991
4/29/2008 (120) 1:07:32.560
4/29/2008 (120) 5:25:59.460
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:00.834
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:00.854
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:02.564
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:02.750
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:02.911
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:02.930
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:03.007
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:06.000
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:07.355
4/29/2008 (120) 5:26:09.585
25.0489
25.884
33.4086
33.54
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23.0479
26.5697
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35.5595
25.5805
38.1926
14.0063
50.5314
24.7263
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18.02
2.8
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57.2427
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140.9321
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142.3254
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32
20
20
20
65.6
15
120
20
15
84.546
30
80
20
30
30
10
50
10
35
85.8
37.3
50
3.6
0.0178
0.0171
1.4983
0
0
5.0966
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18.7814
0
114.906
639.95
650
15
10
21.6659
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15
10.2365
15.2058
15.3073
52.1015
47.6249
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46.1371
45.9205
59.4
79.2744
97.9859
26615
26616
26618
26933
26743
26745
27192
27195
27363
27370
27377
27381
27384
27385
27387
27389
27029
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26817
26747
27394
26787
26764
26767
26763
26770
26768
26772
26783
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26780
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26801
26789
26790
26793
26794
26796
26828
26849
26825
26826
26833
26835
26831
27396
26867
26871
26869
26855
26858
26860
26864
26863
26885
26856
26873
3.25
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5.1
5.07
4.89
3.27
4.2
4.93
3.31
4.3
4.84
4.6
3.17
5.51
4.34
5
5.1
5.8
5.2
6.4
6
4.7
4.78
5.8
2.38
2.99
2.99
3.95
4.94
3.32
4/09/2008 (100) 14:47:59.809
4/09/2008 (100) 18:24:02.952
4/09/2008 (100) 21:45:23.314
4/10/2008 (101) 5:44:14.398
4/10/2008 (101) 7:17:26.534
4/10/2008 (101) 19:18:19.385
4/11/2008 (102) 5:02:51.471
4/11/2008 (102) 5:43:57.582
4/11/2008 (102) 17:45:27.547
4/11/2008 (102) 19:38:05.049
4/12/2008 (103) 0:30:12.708
4/12/2008 (103) 0:46:09.907
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4/14/2008 (105) 3:15:17.486
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4/18/2008 (109) 5:58:52.027
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3/21/2008 (081) 0:26:15.640
3/21/2008 (081) 4:03:29.886
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3/24/2008 (084) 0:07:50.544
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4/01/2008 (092) 1:31:40.534
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4/09/2008 (100) 11:23:43.359
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3/03/2008 (063) 10:09:43.762
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2/14/2008 (045) 10:09:19.902
2/14/2008 (045) 12:08:53.339
2/15/2008 (046) 1:07:34.459
2/15/2008 (046) 10:36:21.930
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2/21/2008 (052) 23:56:25.937
2/23/2008 (054) 11:04:02.487
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2/23/2008 (054) 15:57:22.648
2/24/2008 (055) 4:36:47.111
2/24/2008 (055) 8:53:56.731
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2/25/2008 (056) 8:36:32.619
2/25/2008 (056) 12:55:17.902
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2/26/2008 (057) 16:10:44.224
2/26/2008 (057) 17:13:51.648
2/26/2008 (057) 17:50:07.823
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2/26/2008 (057) 19:47:03.263
2/27/2008 (058) 0:56:39.751
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2/27/2008 (058) 22:56:55.719
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3/01/2008 (061) 7:43:06.949
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3/02/2008 (062) 1:40:23.316
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3/03/2008 (063) 2:37:27.235
3/03/2008 (063) 3:55:23.759
3/03/2008 (063) 9:31:03.777
36.4517
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-2.7119
-1.2673
-2.3939
-2.2852
37.4212
29.8171
-2.3819
-2.1464
35.832
36.1397
9.4367
30.0841
-4.2155
-6.7913
53.0557
36.6681
26.8779
13.505
35.6493
12.3979
49.3973
4.0938
24.7858
12.1406
42.3451
25.9048
53.8298
42.773
-3.8203
-3.7748
25.3398
25.5409
-2.0532
12.4607
46.548
21.6038
21.7306
61.5292
35.4519
-68.2098
121.1377
-171.459
56.1947
100.7249
121.219
99.7383
17.8842
96.1131
95.8927
71.7076
71.4205
22.0619
15.8073
148.3163
99.4567
-29.3477
-29.3156
-24.5536
101.7157
99.5404
100.2456
99.9027
72.5803
137.8862
100.0716
99.9709
22.2862
22.1388
126.2649
101.6261
101.7596
130.3223
-1.3826
59.402
143.6666
120.9006
24.0855
142.6619
156.5108
93.5542
121.831
143.9742
10.2515
56.5268
158.7425
70.2891
100.6771
101.0223
56.8295
58.1419
99.9326
144.8092
153.2687
28
15
15
10
20
251.3443
63.2207
0
10
200
24.8724
31
0
85.5719
0
227.8224
211.6291
69.0647
98.5233
0
400.4891
14.7328
15.4337
36.5788
153.7594
131.9289
134.3573
15
196.1725
482.2719
249.636
72.7302
3.9528
61.2361
157.1809
22.9103
3.3716
56.5504
0
29.3019
11.6249
1.7542
133.3904
0.4551
0.2991
22.5097
32.7828
91.1705
15
15.8829
207.8869
115
50
50
24
24
24
38.5103
15
20309
20310
20311
20312
20330
20331
20332
20313
20314
20317
20315
20333
20316
20334
20335
20336
20337
20338
20339
20340
20341
20342
20343
20318
20319
20320
20321
20344
20345
20346
20347
20348
20349
20350
20351
20352
20353
20354
20355
20356
20357
20358
20359
20360
20361
20362
20363
20322
20364
20365
20366
20367
20323
20368
20369
20370
20371
20372
5.84
5.46
2.22
4.58
4.9
5.38
2.02
4.34
5.23
2.79
2.62
4.65
5.78
4.18
4.08
4.33
5.34
5.42
5.14
5.62
5.22
5.7
3.95
5.19
5.27
5.39
4.52
4.51
4.47
4.74
5.06
4.4
3.85
5.77
4.69
4.11
5.08
5.35
4.77
4.68
5.01
3.13
4.95
4.04
3.88
1.82
3.46
4.97
5.08
6.55
3.59
3.36
1/22/2008 (022) 19:34:48.896
1/23/2008 (023) 2:08:45.314
1/24/2008 (024) 0:25:33.188
1/24/2008 (024) 12:04:40.900
1/24/2008 (024) 22:30:26.284
1/25/2008 (025) 12:21:27.421
1/28/2008 (028) 1:19:58.900
1/28/2008 (028) 2:03:17.098
1/28/2008 (028) 4:05:07.102
1/29/2008 (029) 6:34:06.391
1/29/2008 (029) 11:41:58.857
1/29/2008 (029) 20:02:26.557
1/30/2008 (030) 7:32:43.616
1/30/2008 (030) 11:26:32.096
1/30/2008 (030) 12:48:25.346
1/31/2008 (031) 1:04:27.009
1/31/2008 (031) 1:41:56.020
2/01/2008 (032) 12:15:51.296
2/01/2008 (032) 14:12:51.052
2/02/2008 (033) 1:44:06.068
2/02/2008 (033) 2:16:01.134
2/02/2008 (033) 5:33:18.635
2/02/2008 (033) 21:25:15.873
2/02/2008 (033) 21:52:11.664
2/02/2008 (033) 23:34:24.734
2/03/2008 (034) 4:30:01.282
2/03/2008 (034) 6:20:27.908
2/03/2008 (034) 7:19:33.724
2/03/2008 (034) 7:28:33.131
2/03/2008 (034) 7:34:11.078
2/04/2008 (035) 5:25:52.299
2/04/2008 (035) 17:07:30.854
2/04/2008 (035) 20:11:58.772
2/05/2008 (036) 5:56:47.208
2/05/2008 (036) 15:51:20.005
2/06/2008 (037) 5:12:20.608
2/07/2008 (038) 7:50:29.957
2/07/2008 (038) 20:15:44.185
2/07/2008 (038) 20:49:06.816
2/07/2008 (038) 20:57:56.737
2/07/2008 (038) 23:16:41.761
2/08/2008 (039) 7:05:36.060
2/08/2008 (039) 9:38:21.837
2/08/2008 (039) 15:49:41.977
2/09/2008 (040) 14:37:53.743
2/09/2008 (040) 16:26:53.573
2/09/2008 (040) 18:33:58.015
2/10/2008 (041) 0:40:16.715
2/10/2008 (041) 12:30:17.802
2/11/2008 (042) 14:03:48.161
2/12/2008 (043) 1:29:51.212
2/12/2008 (043) 12:02:07.712
2/12/2008 (043) 12:50:25.572
2/12/2008 (043) 21:05:18.011
2/13/2008 (044) 19:50:31.693
2/13/2008 (044) 19:58:51.044
2/13/2008 (044) 20:56:35.976
2/14/2008 (045) 2:07:45.158
42.2422
25.4366
12.0184
2.3379
-5.1725
25.9521
30.2387
25.524
49.6575
25.2302
21.385
49.716
-7.3589
-7.3893
-0.112
-6.2988
-4.5318
15.8106
29.4753
25.512
26.6309
26.8359
25.3098
25.2124
25.2878
25.2138
25.2758
25.2211
25.2833
-2.4759
26.807
-43.2591
36.7213
-3.4681
25.2357
1.9962
0.8626
26.971
26.4867
-7.5093
17.5815
9.4936
11.6882
26.5808
-0.5033
23.0971
-0.2665
36.618
-21.3954
27.4807
-2.6261
25.3895
17.9913
45.0249
25.3253
-8.33
25.6714
-2.4242
142.3336
56.4041
140.757
98.0323
146.5698
56.693
50.5204
56.9677
156.7704
56.647
63.6167
83.5187
127.9441
128.0054
125.4071
130.1146
132.356
112.2656
140.6785
57.0261
55.5339
52.6134
56.1656
56.7092
56.2363
56.6692
56.253
56.592
56.242
28.5166
56.3015
56.6319
70.171
118.1712
56.5827
127.3539
131.1076
54.8032
54.6522
116.6125
145.2877
138.7493
-41.378
56.4775
124.902
55.5984
125.3107
106.9587
102.144
55.7919
101.2775
56.1068
-95.4138
147.5076
56.1164
128.4281
59.4708
28.7061
27
48.0768
2
143.2028
190
300
12
30
4
15
10
5
15
15
15
15
15
15
150
200
5.7754
2
50
3
5
20
3
12.6137
0
11.9728
15
8
15
15
15
0
15
15
15
15
100
15
15
15
15
117.0744
43
15
15
15
9.0595
124.3182
3.1347
124.5718
83.8483
10
53.4204
30
0
20279
20273
20274
20275
20276
20277
20278
20252
20253
20254
20255
20256
20257
20258
20259
20260
20261
20280
20262
20246
20247
20243
20248
20242
20244
20245
20249
20250
20251
20281
20266
20282
20283
20284
20285
20286
20287
20288
20289
20290
20291
20292
20293
20294
20295
20296
20297
20298
20299
20300
20301
20302
20303
20304
20305
20306
20307
20308
4.83
3.23
4.78
4.6
4.86
2.34
4.13
2.26
5.23
3.21
3.85
4.8
5.63
5.2
5.08
5.25
5.21
5.3
3.04
3.01
4.26
3.28
1.8
2.31
3.27
2.49
2.55
2.47
4.8
3.19
4.76
5.68
2.18
6.03
3.04
2.82
3.24
3.17
4.95
3.65
3.76
5.37
3.68
3.17
2.9
3.53
3.35
2.94
3.24
3.45
2.94
3.49
4.43
5.44
5.43
5.52
5.46
2.92
3.33
2.4
5.7
4.69
5.19
3.44
4.79
3.35
5.69
5.59
1.85
5.38
3.71
4.3
2.64
4.45
3.71
2.81
4.89
Table 4. Summary of the seismic events parameters.
Time
Lat
Lon
Depth
Orid
mb
1/01/2008 (001) 6:32:34.743
1/01/2008 (001) 18:54:59.820
1/03/2008 (003) 6:48:24.046
1/03/2008 (003) 11:15:52.067
1/04/2008 (004) 7:29:14.271
1/04/2008 (004) 20:51:23.719
1/05/2008 (005) 0:37:20.705
1/05/2008 (005) 2:10:43.877
1/05/2008 (005) 6:18:40.241
1/05/2008 (005) 7:09:54.967
1/05/2008 (005) 7:29:53.709
1/05/2008 (005) 8:09:17.623
1/05/2008 (005) 11:02:46.737
1/05/2008 (005) 11:45:20.339
1/05/2008 (005) 20:02:06.458
1/06/2008 (006) 5:14:20.810
1/07/2008 (007) 0:23:29.376
1/07/2008 (007) 3:12:25.861
1/07/2008 (007) 7:46:35.760
1/07/2008 (007) 8:15:41.432
1/08/2008 (008) 19:23:39.844
1/09/2008 (009) 8:26:49.747
1/09/2008 (009) 21:33:15.585
1/09/2008 (009) 22:27:25.788
1/12/2008 (012) 10:13:30.656
1/13/2008 (013) 3:05:34.221
1/13/2008 (013) 12:15:38.256
1/14/2008 (014) 13:38:45.243
1/15/2008 (015) 17:51:38.521
1/15/2008 (015) 17:53:47.591
1/15/2008 (015) 17:54:27.537
1/15/2008 (015) 17:54:28.690
1/16/2008 (016) 11:54:46.495
1/16/2008 (016) 18:18:58.026
1/16/2008 (016) 23:00:39.835
1/17/2008 (017) 15:39:08.932
1/17/2008 (017) 22:48:54.890
1/18/2008 (018) 11:17:31.217
1/18/2008 (018) 11:34:18.328
1/18/2008 (018) 12:07:56.792
1/19/2008 (019) 19:24:59.141
1/20/2008 (020) 6:21:36.757
1/20/2008 (020) 20:26:04.640
1/22/2008 (022) 17:15:01.241
1/22/2008 (022) 18:43:35.817
1/22/2008 (022) 18:43:38.297
1/22/2008 (022) 18:43:38.399
1/22/2008 (022) 18:43:38.427
1/22/2008 (022) 18:43:38.695
40.3493
-6.0225
26.7082
-6.2209
-2.7535
26.7696
28.522
-10.0021
13.5799
32.7078
-22.2848
27.0672
56.8151
53.5447
5.5159
37.0529
27.2441
-0.5079
12.5754
52.3325
-3.3502
32.1842
2.4795
29.1788
4.3749
25.2105
17.564
10.5686
-21.7744
-21.1808
-24.5958
-23.5862
32.3452
25.2866
25.1947
52.8924
20.2709
28.8711
25.1099
21.1609
36.4866
26.2581
2.5872
1.4899
32.4477
32.7677
32.7677
32.7677
32.7677
72.8948
147.4333
56.8387
123.1674
100.7013
57.3458
54.3482
96.9972
125.9092
51.6359
-68.4542
54.3124
-135.159
-130.508
95.1478
22.6753
57.6453
134.1815
124.9918
175.1026
131.5511
85.515
129.1018
51.4999
126.9051
56.639
120.9688
93.2692
-178.001
175.2094
151.9521
151.388
85.3557
56.2236
56.6614
160.0117
58.8029
54.0628
141.9392
58.4304
70.6507
56.989
126.8292
97.7371
85.5229
85.2233
85.2233
85.2233
85.2233
52.1651
53.5833
24.3551
65.6073
1.5059
0
80.5335
267.2803
33.1825
166.2912
253.5003
0
650
160.9111
174.1742
86.8572
18.6524
0
75.6547
650
34.6131
32.6098
220.7888
139.1077
106.6202
2.927
1.3911
113.4016
261.2199
15
15
15
15
5
5
15
29.7578
102.8104
15
40.5059
175
16
22.5861
42
15
15
15
15
15
20208
20209
20210
20211
20212
20213
20214
20215
20216
20222
20223
20224
20225
20226
20227
20228
20229
20230
20231
20232
20233
20234
20235
20236
20237
20238
20239
20240
20241
20196
20197
20198
20267
20263
20264
20265
20199
20200
20268
20201
20269
20270
20271
20272
20221
20219
20217
20218
20220
5.06
5.27
2.59
4.89
5.14
2.58
4.21
4.92
4.84
4
5.17
3.57
3.37
5.54
4.85
5.88
3.36
5.86
5.01
3.96
26
5.44
5.23
5.04
3.57
5.15
2.5
4.88
4.73
5.66
4.78
1.86
2.81
5.39
3.2
4.23
2.8
5.06
3.01
5.5
5.06
ml
3.3
3.65
2.58
2.72
3.11
3.51
5.81
2.93
3.29
Conclusion
A total of 1797 earthquakes have been recorded during 2008. Most of the
regional events are located in southern Iran, the Zagros fold and thrust belt, the Gulf
of Oman, the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea along well known plate boundaries
and faults. Earthquake recordings in the year 2008 and the previous years shows an
increase in epicentral concentration in Musandam region and make the seeds for a
preliminary earthquake hazard map for Oman. The center will work on developing an
earthquake hazard maps for Oman as more data becomes available and compare these
maps with the geologic and tectonic maps of the region. Active existing faults and
new unidentified faults may be mapped based on seismicity maps. These maps will be
revised in a timely manner as more and new data becomes available. A future
cooperation and data exchange with the regional seismological centers will be sought
to improve location of events at the boarder and inside Oman
25
Figure 17. A map of recent events (recorded by EMC) and the historical events.
Figure 18. Middle east seismic hazard map from the global seismic hazard map.
24
Figure 17 presents a map showing EMC record events and historical felt events
distribution in and around the Sultanate that could be used to establish potential
seismicity of the region. Figure 18 is the seismic hazard map of the Middle east
established by UN. The map shows the peak ground acceleration that a site can expect
during the next 50 years with 10% probability of excedance. Qualitative comparison
between Oman seismicity and the UN seismic hazard map of the Middle East shows
close correlation. Examination of the hazard map show Oman has a low to moderate
seismic hazard in the south and most of the north except Musandam region where
relatively high seismic hazard is indicated. The EMC is planning to develop a
preliminary earthquake hazard map for Oman showing the probable peak ground
acceleration due to earthquake source zones identified by the EMC. The center will
work on comparing the seismicity maps with tectonic maps of the Sultanate to
develop a deterministic seismic hazard map. The current seismicity map shows areas
of concern such as Dibba, Madha, and south of Muscat. Construction and
development of major installation need to include some construction and design steps
to resist damages from felt small magnitude earthquakes. While earthquake are not
recorded or felt in other parts of the sultanate as yet, it does not mean that these areas
are free of risk from earthquake damages. Geologic and tectonic maps should be
evaluated prior to major construction installation in these areas. In future, active
existing faults and new unidentified faults will be mapped based on seismicity maps.
These maps will be revised in timely manner as more and new data becomes
available. These maps will be distributed -when available- to Oman government
agency for their own records.
23
Figure 15. Epicenter map of felt earthquakes recorded by
EMC during the year 2008.
Figure 16. Recorded waveforms for felt Qeshm (Iran) earthquake in September
10,2008.
22
Some events fitted in the Owen fracture zone and the lineament of the break up zone
between Arabian and Indian plates. While, other events are scattered in this region
showing another trends (Figure 9). Similar situation can be seen in the Gulf of Aden
region where some events are quite well fitted to the lineaments that have been seen in
this region (Figure 10).
There were four felt earthquakes by the residents of the Sultanate during the year
2008. The felt events have a magnitude range between 3.51 to 6.3 in Richter scale.
Table 3 presents a summary of felt earthquakes parameters recorded by EMC during
the year 2008. Figure 15 shows the epicenter of these earthquakes while Figure 16
shows the waveforms of event number 1 in the table.
No.
Time
Lat.
Lon.
Depth
Mag.
Place
(km)
(GMT)
1
9/10/2008 11:00:38
26.93
56.08
35.7
6.3
Qeshm (Iran)
2
2/12/2008 12:02:07
25.4
56.12
3.1
3.71
Madha
3
2/2/2008 01:44:06
25.51
57.02
5.8
3.65
Gulf of Oman
4
1/17/2008 22:48:54
58.80
29.8
3.51
Masirah Island
20.27
Table 3. Felt earthquakes parameters recorded by EMC during the year 2008.
21
In the Oman Mountains region (Fig. 14) ; there are two trends in Musandam area; 1)
in the west there is an observed trend - red dashed line - from north to south direction,
2) and another trend is to the east from northeast to southwest direction – green
dashed line - which could be the fault that is linked to the Masafi fault as discussed
above. Also few events are located near Sohar area where the picture is still not clear,
but one can notice two trends one is NE-SW direction (pink dashed line) and the other
is almost north - south direction (blue dashed line). Few events are scattered showing
– yet - no trend in the south direction.
Figure 14. Oman Mountains region and the detectable trends that have been shown by
earthquakes.
20
west direction or an extension of Zagros Suture in the south west in the Gulf of
Oman(dashed green line) which could meet the Masafi fault in the UAE. This
relationship between these faults needs more study and probably more interpretation
from seismic lines to understand the mechanism of tectonic of this area. Elsewhere,
with more seismic stations that intended to be installed as a phase three and more
earthquakes data from the region become available, the picture may become more
well-defined in the future.
Figure 13. Makran region and the noticeable trends that have been shown by
earthquakes. The red dashed line fits the Makran subduction zone and the green
dashed line is likely conform to Zagros Suture zone.
19
Figure 12. The distribution of earthquakes recorded during 2008 in all regions.
Discussion
It is well known in seismology, the accuracy of earthquake location depends on the
spatial location of the seismic stations. Therefore, if the earthquake falls within the
network, more reliable solution is produced and some uncertainty is existing as
earthquake occurs outside and far from the network. This leads to incertitude in
location of the regional and teleseismic events and therefore, more wariness need to
be considered when interpreting the data.
In the Zagros region, the majority of earthquakes – about 100 events - are located
about 50-80 km from Musandam area and others are scattered in the region as shown
in figure 7. Their local magnitude is ranging between 2.63-6.30 in Richter scale. This
dense cluster of earthquakes in this area represents the large amount of energy that is
released due to the collision between the Arabian and the Eurasian plates. But this in
fact increases the seismic hazard in Musndam area. In Makran region, there is a
noticeable trend that is greatly fit with makran subduction zone as shown in figure 13
(dashed red line). In addition, there is an obtrusive trend in the north-west of Makran
block which could be either a continuation of makran subduction zone in the north-
18
Figure 11. Events occurred in the Oman Mountains region recorded during the year
2008.
17
Figure 10. Events occurred in the Gulf of Aden region recorded during the year 2008.
16
Figure 9. Events occurred in the Owen region recorded during the year 2008.
15
Figure 8. Events occurred in the Makran region recorded during the year 2008.
14
Figure 7. Events occurred in the Zagros region recorded during the year 2008.
13
The recorded earthquakes during 2008 in these regions are as follows. 185 events
occurred in the Zagros region, ranging from 2.63 to 6.38 in local magnitude (Fig. 7).
More than 24 events from these are with magnitude of more than 5. In Makran region
about 54 events occurred with magnitude between 1.79 - 4.9, of which 12 events have
a magnitude of more than 4 (Fig. 8). Whereas 13 events fell out in the third region –
Owen region – ranging between 1.7 – 5.1 in local magnitude (Fig. 9). The majority of
these events have a magnitude of less than 3. On the other hand, eight events took
place in the Gulf of Aden with magnitude ranging between 2.65 - 4.9 where most of
them are less than 3 (Fig. 10). Finally, about 58 events occurred in the Oman
Mountains with magnitude ranging between 0.84-5.2 (Fig. 11). 39 events of these are
of magnitude less than 3 and one event with magnitude of 5.2, which happened in the
Gulf of Oman in the northern part of Musandam region. Figure 12 is a graph showing
the distribution of earthquakes in all regions.
Our calculations according to EMC record indicate that the probability of earthquake
with magnitude 7.0 in Zagros region is 30% in the next ten years and 83% in the next
50 years. The probability of earthquake with magnitude 6.0 to occur in Owen fracture
zone is 7% in the next ten years and 29% in the next in the next 50 years. The
probability of an earthquake with magnitude 6.2 to occur in the Gulf of Aden zone is
15% in the next ten years and 55% in the next 50 years. These are the maximum
earthquake magnitudes that may occur according to tectonic setting and earthquake
records. When talking about the probability of earthquake occurrence it means that the
earthquake may occur now, next week or after ten years by the calculated probability
in the region.
The effect of these earthquakes in specific sites in Oman depends on the distance and
depth of the earthquake and geology of the site. The site effect requires geological,
engineering, as well as seismological studies to determine the level of risk
quantitatively. Such studies are underway by the EMC and other SQU departments.
12
located near Natih, SE of the Oman mountains, traceable for at least 60 km” (Hanna
& Nolan, 1989). These three areas are likely the source for high frequency waves
which may affect short buildings.
Figure 6. Division of the seismic sources – based on the tectonic - that could affect
Oman. The regions are; Zagros, Makran, Owen, Oman Mountains and Gulf of Aden
(modified after Al-Hashmi, submitted).
11
Figure 5. General tectonic setting of the Arabian Plate; AHS: Afar hot spot, AFZ:
Alula fracture zone, SFZ: Socotra fracture zone, and SR: Sheba ridge (modified after:
base map from Sharland et al., 2001; plate motion after Kensaku Tamaki, Ocean
Research Institute, University of Tokyo [http://manbow.ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp];
Based on the discussed plate tectonic activities, we divided the seismic sources which
could affect Oman into five regions (Fig. 6). First, Zagros Suture Zone which
represents a collision zone and large earthquakes are expected to happen giving a
source for distant low frequency waves which may affect tall buildings. Second,
Makran Subduction area which presents a source for moderate to large earthquakes.
However, it was the site of earthquake with magnitude 8.2 in 1945 which is the largest
earthquake in the area in the 20th century. Third, Owen Fracture Zone which acts as a
strike slip fault and low to moderate earthquakes are expected. Fourth, Gulf of Aden
where normal and strike slip faults are existing providing a potential source for
moderate earthquakes. Fifth, Oman Mountains region includes the active region in
Musandam area that affected by Dibba fault, oman mountains in the northern part of
Oman where the obduction of the Semail Ophiolite plays a major role in the tectonic
of this area, and the Maradi fault which is a major NW-SE Late Neogene fault. ”It is
10
Seismic Sources
The Arabian plate is surrounded by three major tectonic activities (Fig. 5). In the
west, the opening of the Red sea where normal faults and strike slip faults are
expected in the area. In the south, the rifting in the Gulf of Aden which is considered
to be one of the most recent major tectonic events in the Arabian-African plate in the
last 35 Ma. Its orientation is N75oE while the opening direction is N028oE causing an
oblique rifting (Cochran, 1981). The angle between the two trends is approximately
45o, and therefore, normal faults of moderate dips and with strikes oblique to the rift
trend should be also expected in the area (Withjack and Jamison, 1986). In the east,
there is a boundary between the continental and the oceanic plates where it is believed
to be the Indian Arabian breakup zone and the Owen Fracture Zone which marks the
movement of Indian plate from the south-west to the north-east direction during
Cretaceous. In the north-east, there is a subduction zone where the Arabian plate slips
underneath the Eurasian plate in the Gulf of Oman. In the north, there is a collision
zone between the Arabian and the Eurasian plates presenting the most active region in
the area.
9
Figure 4. Epicenter map of all events recorded during the year 2008.
8
Figure 3. Epicenter map of the local and regional events recorded during the year
2008.
7
COCO
-12.1901
96.8349
0.001.
West Island, Cocos Islands
ss
DGAR
-7.4121
72.4525
0.0010
Diego Garcia, Chagos Islands, Indian
ss
Ocean
KAPI
-5.0142
119.7517
0.0300
Kappang, Sulawesi, Indonesia
ss
KIV
43.9553
42.6863
1.0540
Kislovodsk, Russia
ss
KURK
50.7154
78.6202
0.1840
Kurchatov, Kazakhstan
ss
MBAR
-0.6019
30.7382
1.3900
Mbarara, Uganda
ss
MSEY
-4.6737
55.4792
0.4750
Mahe, Seychelles
ss
PALK
7.2728
80.7022
0.4600
Pallekele, Sri Lanka
ss
SUR
-32.3797
20.8117
1.7700
Sutherland, South Africa
ss
TLY
51.6807
103.6438
0.5790
Talaya, Russia
ss
Table 2. Stations information of the Global Seismological Network (GSN) and
Dubai Seismic Stations.
.
Seismic Recording (2008)
The Sultanate of Oman unique location at the southeastern corner of the
Arabian subcontinent makes it susceptible to earthquake activities according to
stresses acting at the edge and possibly extends to the interior of the Arabian Plate.
The number of earthquakes recorded by EMC is 1797 events during the year 2008.
Table 4 presents the summary of earthquakes parameters recorded by EMC. The
majority of the local and the regional events (376) are located in the south and western
Iran, Gulf of Oman, the Gulf of Aden and in the Arabian Sea as showing in Figures 3.
The remaining (1421) recorded events are of teleseismic type (Figure 4). Complete
station records of the events parameters are stored in a CD in the pocket of this
Bulletin.
6
Figure 2. Stations location of the Global Seismological Network (GSN) and Dubai
Seismic Stations.
Sta
Lat
Lon
Elev
Staname
Statype
ASU
24.6260
55.3292
0.1322
Al Ashush, Dubai
sts-2
FAQ
24.7453
55.5924
0.2035
Al Faqa, Dubai
sts-2
HAT
24.8257
56.1321
0.3401
Hatta, Dubai
sts-2
NAZ
24.9884
55.6618
0.1988
Nazwa, Dubai
sts-2
ANTO
39.8689
32.7936
0.8830
Ankara, Turkey
ss
CHTO
18.7900
98.9769
0.3160
Chiang Mai, Thailand
ss
DAV
7.0700
125.5790
0.1450
Davao, Philippines
ss
GNI
40.1480
44.7410
1.6090
Garni, Armenia
ss
INCN
37.4833
126.6333
0.4200
Inchon, Republic of Korea
ss
KMBO
-1.1268
37.2523
1.9600
Kilima Mbogo, Kenya
ss
LSZ
-15.2766
28.1882
1.1840
Lusaka, Zambia
ss
MBWA
-21.1590
119.7321
0.1940
Marble Bar, Western Australia
ss
NWAO
-32.9266
117.2333
0.2650
Narrogin, Australia
ss
TATO
24.9735
121.4971
0.1570
Taipei, Taiwan
ss
VLN
47.8652
107.0528
1.6150
Vlaanbaatar, Mongolia
ss
AAK
42.6390
74.4940
1.6450
Ala Archa, Kyrgyzstan
ss
BRVK
53.0581
70.2828
0.3300
Borovoye, Kazakhstan
ss
5
Figure 1. Stations location of the Oman Seismological Network.
Station Name
Samad
Jabal Madar
Wadi Bani Khalid
Araqi, Ibri
Bidbid
Bisya
Hoqain, Rustaq
Wadi Al-Hawf
Rabkut
Aybut
Shalim
Ashyiah
Banah
Code
SMD
JMD
WBK
ARQ
BID
BSY
HOQ
WHF
RBK
ABT
SHA
ASH
BAN
Latitude
[N]
23° 03.5333'
22° 22.2083'
22° 36.5983'
23° 20.1967'
23° 31.2667'
22° 44.6733'
23° 34.9417'
17° 55.1400'
17° 30.2100'
17° 21.2267'
18° 37.5060'
24° 03.4890'
25° 17.9760'
Longitude
[E]
58° 02.9500'
58° 06.2083'
58° 58.1983'
56° 31.3167'
58° 07.6150'
57° 11.9700'
57° 18.6533'
53° 46.2350'
54° 12.2317'
53° 17.7983'
55° 01.3680'
56° 41.0340'
56° 55.3980'
Elev.
[m]
1000
350
450
400
200
450
350
550
550
650
292
546
504
Table 1. Stations information of the Oman Seismological Network.
4
Sensor
Type
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
3 x SS-1
STS-2
STS-2
STS-2
Summary
The Earthquake Monitoring Center (EMC) at the Sultan Qaboos University
(SQU) presents the seventh seismological bulletin of the earthquakes recorded during
2008. This release of earthquake data encompasses seismic record from January 1,
2008 to December 31, 2008. A total of 1797 earthquakes recorded of which are 376
regional/local and 1421 are teleseismic events. The majority of the regional events
recorded are located along southern Iran and Zagros fold and thrust belt, Gulf of
Oman, along the Owen fracture zone in the Arabian Sea, and the Gulf of Aden. Few
events are located in the main land of Oman. A total of four felt events were reported
in Oman during 2008 ranging in magnitudes between 3.51 to 6.3 ml.
Earthquake Monitoring Center
The EMC at the SQU operates Oman Seismological Network (OSN) that
consists of thirteen seismographic stations. Ten of them are short period seismographs
which has been in operation since July 2001 while the remaining three are broadband
seismographs which has been in operation since June 2004. The stations cover most
of northern Oman and part of southern Oman region, as shown in Figure 1. Table 1
shows the name, code, and coordinate of OSN station. These remote stations transmit
a continuous recording, around the clock, of ground movement via a satellite dish
(VSAT) to the EMC at SQU. The EMC started utilizing some station from Global
Seismological Network (GSN) during 2007 to improve the location of teleseismic
earthquake (Figure 2 and table 2).
The EMC monitor and analyze earthquake activities inside and outside Oman.
Earthquakes information is sent from the thirteen stations from the various locations
in Oman to the EMC where the Antelope Software performs an automatic initial stage
of earthquake parameters determination such as location and magnitude. The EMC
staff then review the data analyzed by the Antelope, confirm or adjust the location and
store the event in the Oman earthquakes database and on the appropriate maps.
3
List of Abbreviations and definitions
SNR:
Ndef:
Qual:
Slow:
Per:
AzRes:
TRes:
Nsat:
Smaj:
Smin:
Depth:
Esaz:
OSN:
OrigID:
Phase:
Sta:
Time:
Signal to noise ratio.
Number of locating phase
Signal onset quality.
Observed slowness of wave.
The period of the signal described by the arrival record.
Azimuth residual.
Time residual.
Number of stations used to compute the magnitude of the event.
Length of semi-major axis of the location error ellipse.
Length of semi-minor axis of the location error ellipse.
Estimated depth.
Event to the station azimuth.
Oman Seismological Network
Origin id.
Associated phase holds the identity of a seismic phase which has been
associated to an event.
Station common code- name of a seismic observatory.
Epoch time.
2
Contents
List of abbreviations and definitions…………………. ………………...………........2
Summary……………………………………………….……………………………...3
Earthquake Monitoring Center...……………………………………………….……..3
Seismic Recording (2008) ……..…………………………………………..................6
Seismic Sources ………………………………………………………………………9
Discussion …………………………………………………………………………...18
Conclusion ……………………...………….………….…………..…….…...............25
List of Figures
Figure 1. The station locations of the Oman Seismological Network (OSN).…...........4
Figure 2. The station locations of the Global Seismological Network (GSN) and
Dubai seismic stations.……………………………………………….…......5
Figure 3. Epicenter map of the local and regional events recorded during the year
2008…....…………………………………………………………………....6
Figure 4. Epicenter map of all events recorded during the year 2008…………..…......7
Figure 5. General tectonic setting of the Arabian Plate………….……………….......10
Figure 6. Division of the seismic sources ……………………………………………11
Figure 7. Events occurred in the Zagros region……………..………..….……..........13
Figure 8. Events occurred in the Makran region.…………………………………….14
Figure 9. Events occurred in the Owen region ………………………………………15
Figure 10. Events occurred in the Gulf of Aden region ……………………………..16
Figure 11. Events occurred in the Oman Mountains region …………………………17
Figure 12. Distribution of all earthquakes recorded during 2008 in all regions……...18
Figure 13. Makran region and the noticeable trends that have been shown by
earthquakes………………………………………………………………..19
Figure 14. Oman Mountains region and the detectable trends that have been
shown by earthquakes ………………………………………………….…20
Figure 15. Epicenter map of felt earthquakes in 2008 ……………………………….22
Figure 16. Recorded waveform for felt Qeshm earthquake …………………………22
Figure 17. A map of recent events (recorded by EMC) and the historical events..….24
Figure 18. Middle east seismic hazard map................................................................24
List of Tables
Table 1 Station code name, Coordinates and elevation of OSN……………………..4
Table 2 Station code name, Coordinates and elevation of GSN……………………..5
Table 3 Felt earthquakes parameters recorded by EMC during the year 2008….......21
Table 4 Summary of the seismic events parameters………………………….……..26
Appendix
CD contains the complete earthquake parameters recorded during 2008.
1
Prepared by
Dr. Issa El-Hussain
Yousuf Al-Shijbi
Khalfan Al-Tobi
Majid Al-Saifi
Salam Al-Hashmi
Khamis Al-Musharfi
Dr. Ali Al-Lazki
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