Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
BCSSE 2007 Respondent Characteristics
Western Carolina University
Respondents
Count
%
Number of Surveys Completed
380
100%
Mode of Completion
Paper
Web
380
0
100%
0%
When Student Completed BCSSE
Before attending orientation
While attending orientation
After attending orientation
Not applicable, not attending orientation
3
3
312
54
1%
1%
84%
15%
Student Characteristics
Enrollment Status
Full-time
Less than full-time
373
0
100%
0%
170
201
46%
54%
Race/Ethnicity
American Indian or other Native American
Asian, Asian American, or Pacific Islander
Black or African American
White (non-Hispanic)
Mexican or Mexican American
Puerto Rican
Other Hispanic or Latino
Multiracial
Other
I prefer not to respond
6
1
40
298
3
1
2
6
3
15
2%
0%
11%
79%
1%
0%
1%
2%
1%
4%
High School Graduation Year
2004 or earlier
2005
2006
2007
1
3
6
366
0%
1%
2%
97%
First Generation Status
Yes
No
135
197
41%
59%
International or Foreign National Student
Yes
No
8
361
2%
98%
Gender
Female
Male
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
Frequency Distributions
2007
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
Count
tksrvy
Before attending orientation
While attending orientation
After attending orientation
N/A, not attending orientation
Total
2004 and earlier
2005
2006
2007
Total
Public
Private, religiously-affiliated
Private, independent
Home school
Other (e.g., GED)
Total
C- or lower
C
C+
BB
B+
AA
Grades not used
Total
3
3
312
54
372
1
3
6
366
376
352
12
8
3
2
377
2
17
25
59
67
59
50
96
0
375
4. To date, in which of the following math classes did you earn a passing grade?
a. Pre-calculus/Trigonometry
hprecalc
Did not pass
Passed
Did not take
Total
b. Calculus
hcalc
Did not pass
Passed
Did not take
Total
5
266
104
375
3
58
273
334
You are taking this survey:
1. Please write in the year you
graduated from high school.
(for example, "2007"):
2. From which type of high
school did you graduate?
(Select only one.)
3. What were most of your high
school grades?
(Select only one.)
a
hgradyr_r
htype
hgrades
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
1%
1%
84%
15%
100%
0%
1%
2%
97%
100%
93%
3%
2%
1%
1%
100%
1%
5%
7%
16%
18%
16%
13%
26%
0%
100%
1
1
135
27
164
0
3
0
165
168
159
6
1
1
2
169
1
4
5
24
21
20
27
65
0
167
1%
1%
82%
16%
100%
0%
2%
0%
98%
100%
94%
4%
1%
1%
1%
100%
1%
2%
3%
14%
13%
12%
16%
39%
0%
100%
2
2
172
23
199
1
0
6
192
199
184
6
7
2
0
199
1
13
20
34
43
38
21
29
0
199
1%
1%
86%
12%
100%
1%
0%
3%
96%
100%
92%
3%
4%
1%
0%
100%
1%
7%
10%
17%
22%
19%
11%
15%
0%
100%
1
2
112
19
134
0
1
3
128
132
127
2
2
0
2
133
0
5
8
20
15
31
23
31
0
133
1%
1%
84%
14%
100%
0%
1%
2%
97%
100%
95%
2%
2%
0%
2%
100%
0%
4%
6%
15%
11%
23%
17%
23%
0%
100%
1
1
163
26
191
1
2
1
193
197
180
8
6
3
0
197
2
12
15
29
43
21
23
52
0
197
1%
1%
85%
14%
100%
1%
1%
1%
98%
100%
91%
4%
3%
2%
0%
100%
1%
6%
8%
15%
22%
11%
12%
26%
0%
100%
1%
71%
28%
100%
1%
17%
82%
100%
1
128
41
170
1
30
123
154
1%
75%
24%
100%
1%
19%
80%
100%
4
131
61
196
2
28
142
172
2%
67%
31%
100%
1%
16%
83%
100%
1
99
32
132
2
24
88
114
1%
75%
24%
100%
2%
21%
77%
100%
4
132
59
195
0
24
156
180
2%
68%
30%
100%
0%
13%
87%
100%
3
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
c. Probability or Statistics
hstats
Response Options
Count
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Total
1
92
240
333
0%
28%
72%
100%
0
44
109
153
0%
29%
71%
100%
1
45
126
172
1%
26%
73%
100%
1
23
89
113
1%
20%
79%
100%
0
58
124
182
0%
32%
68%
100%
5. During high school , how many years of the following subjects did you complete?
a. English/Literature
heng
0 years
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 or more years
Total
b. Math
hmath
0 years
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 or more years
Total
c. Science
hsci
0 years
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 or more years
Total
d. History/Social Science
hhist
0 years
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 or more years
Total
0
0
1
1
360
14
376
0
0
0
20
310
45
375
1
0
12
139
188
35
375
0
0
15
160
184
15
374
0%
0%
0%
0%
96%
4%
100%
0%
0%
0%
5%
83%
12%
100%
0%
0%
3%
37%
50%
9%
100%
0%
0%
4%
43%
49%
4%
100%
0
0
0
0
159
9
168
0
0
0
5
139
23
167
0
0
4
56
89
18
167
0
0
6
76
76
9
167
0%
0%
0%
0%
95%
5%
100%
0%
0%
0%
3%
83%
14%
100%
0%
0%
2%
34%
53%
11%
100%
0%
0%
4%
46%
46%
5%
100%
0
0
1
1
193
5
200
0
0
0
14
165
21
200
1
0
8
77
97
17
200
0
0
9
81
104
6
200
0%
0%
1%
1%
97%
3%
100%
0%
0%
0%
7%
83%
11%
100%
1%
0%
4%
39%
49%
9%
100%
0%
0%
5%
41%
52%
3%
100%
0
0
0
0
129
5
134
0
0
0
6
112
16
134
0
0
7
48
67
12
134
0
0
9
67
53
5
134
0%
0%
0%
0%
96%
4%
100%
0%
0%
0%
4%
84%
12%
100%
0%
0%
5%
36%
50%
9%
100%
0%
0%
7%
50%
40%
4%
100%
0
0
1
1
186
8
196
0
0
0
13
158
25
196
1
0
3
69
103
20
196
0
0
4
74
107
10
195
0%
0%
1%
1%
95%
4%
100%
0%
0%
0%
7%
81%
13%
100%
1%
0%
2%
35%
53%
10%
100%
0%
0%
2%
38%
55%
5%
100%
a
Did not pass
Passed
Did not take
First Generationa
Gender
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
4
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
e. Foreign Language
hforlan
Response Options
Count
0 years
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 or more years
Total
6. During high school , how many of the following types of classes did you complete?
a. Advanced Placement (AP)
hapcl
0 classes
classes
1 class
2 classes
3 classes
4 classes
5 or more classes
Total
b. Honors classes (not AP) taught
at your high school
hhonor
0 classes
1 class
2 classes
3 classes
4 classes
5 or more classes
Total
7. During your last year of high school , about how much reading and writing did you do?
a. Assigned Reading (textbooks
hreadasg
None
or other course materials)
Very little
Some
Quite a bit
Very much
Total
b. Writing short papers or reports
(5 or fewer pages)
hwrite5
None
Very little
Some
Quite a bit
Very much
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
1
16
215
100
35
8
375
0%
4%
57%
27%
9%
2%
100%
0
2
91
54
17
4
168
0%
1%
54%
32%
10%
2%
100%
1
12
121
45
17
4
200
1%
6%
61%
23%
9%
2%
100%
0
7
83
33
9
1
133
0%
5%
62%
25%
7%
1%
100%
1
8
101
59
22
5
196
1%
4%
52%
30%
11%
3%
100%
148
73
46
36
14
31
348
61
26
26
44
34
182
373
43%
21%
13%
10%
4%
9%
100%
16%
7%
7%
12%
9%
49%
100%
56
34
25
16
9
20
160
22
11
7
19
15
94
168
35%
21%
16%
10%
6%
13%
100%
13%
7%
4%
11%
9%
56%
100%
89
38
20
19
5
11
182
38
15
19
23
19
84
198
49%
21%
11%
10%
3%
6%
100%
19%
8%
10%
12%
10%
42%
100%
52
31
12
14
5
7
121
18
7
12
17
15
64
133
43%
26%
10%
12%
4%
6%
100%
14%
5%
9%
13%
11%
48%
100%
71
40
28
18
8
21
186
32
12
9
22
17
102
194
38%
22%
15%
10%
4%
11%
100%
16%
6%
5%
11%
9%
53%
100%
5
37
125
135
77
379
4
42
123
128
78
375
1%
10%
33%
36%
20%
100%
1%
11%
33%
34%
21%
100%
1
8
42
70
48
169
1
11
52
63
40
167
1%
5%
25%
41%
28%
100%
1%
7%
31%
38%
24%
100%
4
29
78
62
28
201
3
31
70
62
34
200
2%
14%
39%
31%
14%
100%
2%
16%
35%
31%
17%
100%
0
12
47
46
30
135
1
21
42
48
21
133
0%
9%
35%
34%
22%
100%
1%
16%
32%
36%
16%
100%
4
19
58
76
40
197
2
16
60
68
50
196
2%
10%
29%
39%
20%
100%
1%
8%
31%
35%
26%
100%
5
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
c. Writing longer papers or
reports (more than 5 pages)
hwrite5m
Response Options
Count
None
Very little
Some
Quite a bit
Very much
Total
38
142
122
49
24
375
Female
%
10%
38%
33%
13%
6%
100%
Male
b. Working for pay (before or
after school, weekends)
hwork
c. Participating in co-curricular
activities (arts, clubs, athletics,
etc.)
hcocurr
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
50
18
6
0
2
378
115
39
34
43
61
49
23
13
377
33
91
67
74
50
28
14
22
379
13%
5%
2%
0%
1%
100%
31%
10%
9%
11%
16%
13%
6%
3%
100%
9%
24%
18%
20%
13%
7%
4%
6%
100%
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
15
64
63
18
8
168
9%
38%
38%
11%
5%
100%
23
76
56
28
16
199
12%
38%
28%
14%
8%
100%
14
57
41
13
9
134
10%
43%
31%
10%
7%
100%
19
69
64
31
12
195
10%
35%
33%
16%
6%
100%
14
111
48
19
7
2
0
0
201
62
20
20
21
32
27
12
6
200
20
37
38
37
28
14
8
19
201
7%
55%
24%
9%
3%
1%
0%
0%
100%
31%
10%
10%
11%
16%
14%
6%
3%
100%
10%
18%
19%
18%
14%
7%
4%
9%
100%
4
78
34
14
3
2
0
0
135
33
12
7
21
31
16
8
6
134
10
34
25
19
23
14
3
7
135
3%
58%
25%
10%
2%
1%
0%
0%
100%
25%
9%
5%
16%
23%
12%
6%
4%
100%
7%
25%
19%
14%
17%
10%
2%
5%
100%
8
92
47
29
14
4
0
2
196
68
20
23
18
25
28
9
5
196
14
49
33
46
23
12
10
10
197
4%
47%
24%
15%
7%
2%
0%
1%
100%
35%
10%
12%
9%
13%
14%
5%
3%
100%
7%
25%
17%
23%
12%
6%
5%
5%
100%
8. During your last year of high school , about how many hours did you spend in a typical 7-day week doing each of the following?
a. Preparing for class (studying,
hacadpr
0 hours per week
15
4%
1
1%
doing homework, rehearsing,
1-5 hours per week
198
52%
80
48%
etc.)
6-10 hours per week
89
24%
40
24%
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
0 hours per week
1-5 hours per week
6-10 hours per week
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
0 hours per week
1-5 hours per week
6-10 hours per week
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
First Generationa
Gender
30
11
4
0
2
168
52
18
13
22
27
20
10
6
168
13
52
28
35
20
14
5
3
170
18%
7%
2%
0%
1%
100%
31%
11%
8%
13%
16%
12%
6%
4%
100%
8%
31%
16%
21%
12%
8%
3%
2%
100%
6
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
d. Relaxing and socializing
(watching TV, partying, etc.)
Variable
Response Options
Count
hsocial
0 hours per week
1-5 hours per week
6-10 hours per week
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
6
77
102
63
60
22
13
33
376
6
92
132
146
376
5
174
132
63
374
83
231
42
19
375
20
153
150
50
373
4
122
175
72
373
9. During your last year of high school, about how often did you do each of the following?
a. Asked questions in class or
hclquest
Never
contributed to class
Sometimes
discussions
Often
Very often
Total
b. Made a class presentation
hclprese
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
c. Came to class without
completing readings or
assignments
hclunpre
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
d. Discussed grades or
assignments with a teacher
hfacgrad
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
e. Worked with other students
on projects during class
hclassgr
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
Total
Total
Total
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
2%
20%
27%
17%
16%
6%
3%
9%
100%
3
50
46
28
25
6
5
6
169
2%
30%
27%
17%
15%
4%
3%
4%
100%
3
24
53
34
35
16
8
27
200
2%
12%
27%
17%
18%
8%
4%
14%
100%
2
32
43
23
16
6
2
11
135
1%
24%
32%
17%
12%
4%
1%
8%
100%
3
35
47
30
39
13
9
18
194
2%
18%
24%
15%
20%
7%
5%
9%
100%
2%
24%
35%
39%
100%
1%
47%
35%
17%
100%
22%
62%
11%
5%
100%
5%
41%
40%
13%
100%
1%
33%
47%
19%
100%
2
41
56
70
169
0
78
62
29
169
58
95
13
3
169
10
67
69
21
167
0
45
86
37
168
1%
24%
33%
41%
100%
0%
46%
37%
17%
100%
34%
56%
8%
2%
100%
6%
40%
41%
13%
100%
0%
27%
51%
22%
100%
4
50
74
70
198
5
94
67
30
196
24
129
29
15
197
10
83
77
27
197
4
76
86
30
196
2%
25%
37%
35%
100%
3%
48%
34%
15%
100%
12%
65%
15%
8%
100%
5%
42%
39%
14%
100%
2%
39%
44%
15%
100%
2
29
48
55
134
2
58
50
23
133
30
83
11
10
134
7
56
53
16
132
1
45
62
26
134
1%
22%
36%
41%
100%
2%
44%
38%
17%
100%
22%
62%
8%
7%
100%
5%
42%
40%
12%
100%
1%
34%
46%
19%
100%
4
49
68
74
195
2
94
65
34
195
41
119
28
7
195
10
80
77
27
194
3
62
89
39
193
2%
25%
35%
38%
100%
1%
48%
33%
17%
100%
21%
61%
14%
4%
100%
5%
41%
40%
14%
100%
2%
32%
46%
20%
100%
7
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
f. Worked with classmates
outside of class to prepare for
assignments
hoccgrp
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
g. Prepared two or more drafts of
a paper or assignment before
turning it in
hrewropa
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
h. Had serious conversations
with students of a different
race or ehtnicity than your own
hdivrstu
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
i. Discussed ideas from your
readings or classes with
teachers outside of class
hfacidea
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
j. Discussed ideas from your
readings or classes with others
outside of class (students,
family members, etc.)
hoocidea
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
k. Talked with a counselor,
teacher, or other staff member
about college or career plans
hfacplan
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
l. Had serious conversations
with students who are very
different from you in terms of
their religious beliefs, political
opinions, or personal values
hdiffstu
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
Count
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
a
Total
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
86
194
72
24
376
68
167
98
43
376
53
123
101
97
374
113
158
76
27
374
51
167
119
38
375
32
149
129
65
375
47
137
106
85
375
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
23%
52%
19%
6%
100%
18%
44%
26%
11%
100%
14%
33%
27%
26%
100%
30%
42%
20%
7%
100%
14%
45%
32%
10%
100%
9%
40%
34%
17%
100%
13%
37%
28%
23%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
35
85
40
9
169
25
71
51
22
169
25
61
42
40
168
53
69
34
13
169
18
70
65
15
168
9
64
62
34
169
20
66
50
33
169
21%
50%
24%
5%
100%
15%
42%
30%
13%
100%
15%
36%
25%
24%
100%
31%
41%
20%
8%
100%
11%
42%
39%
9%
100%
5%
38%
37%
20%
100%
12%
39%
30%
20%
100%
50
104
30
14
198
43
92
45
18
198
28
60
56
54
198
57
87
40
12
196
33
92
53
20
198
22
84
64
27
197
26
68
55
49
198
25%
53%
15%
7%
100%
22%
46%
23%
9%
100%
14%
30%
28%
27%
100%
29%
44%
20%
6%
100%
17%
46%
27%
10%
100%
11%
43%
32%
14%
100%
13%
34%
28%
25%
100%
39
63
23
9
134
32
52
36
14
134
24
48
25
37
134
45
53
24
11
133
21
55
43
15
134
13
46
50
25
134
13
55
38
28
134
29%
47%
17%
7%
100%
24%
39%
27%
10%
100%
18%
36%
19%
28%
100%
34%
40%
18%
8%
100%
16%
41%
32%
11%
100%
10%
34%
37%
19%
100%
10%
41%
28%
21%
100%
38
106
39
12
195
29
87
52
27
195
26
56
60
51
193
55
85
40
14
194
22
89
65
19
195
17
83
63
31
194
25
68
56
45
194
19%
54%
20%
6%
100%
15%
45%
27%
14%
100%
13%
29%
31%
26%
100%
28%
44%
21%
7%
100%
11%
46%
33%
10%
100%
9%
43%
32%
16%
100%
13%
35%
29%
23%
100%
8
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
m. Missed a day of school
hmisssch
Response Options
Count
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
Total
10. Did you take the SAT and/or
ACT?
hsatact
No
Yes
Total
a. SAT Composite Score
categories
(SAT scores or ACT scores
convertd to SAT scale)
SAT_ACTr 1000 or lower
1001 - 1100
1101 - 1200
1201 - 1300
1301 - 1400
1401 - 1600
Total
54
259
29
30
372
1
372
373
89
34
48
50
27
10
258
Female
%
15%
70%
8%
8%
100%
0%
100%
100%
34%
13%
19%
19%
10%
4%
100%
11. During your high school years , how involved were you in the following activities at your school or elsewhere?
a. Performing or visual arts
hinvarts
1 Not involved
175
47%
programs (band, chorus,
2
40
11%
theater, art, etc.)
3
29
8%
4
5
6 Highly involved
Total
b. Athletic teams (varsity, junior
varsity, club sport, etc.)
hinvathl
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
28
17
84
373
101
28
22
27
31
164
373
First Generationa
Gender
8%
5%
23%
100%
27%
8%
6%
7%
8%
44%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
14
132
11
9
166
0
168
168
30
18
29
22
8
4
111
8%
80%
7%
5%
100%
0%
100%
100%
27%
16%
26%
20%
7%
4%
100%
38
121
18
20
197
1
197
198
57
16
18
26
19
6
142
19%
61%
9%
10%
100%
1%
99%
100%
40%
11%
13%
18%
13%
4%
100%
15
99
8
11
133
0
132
132
36
13
18
14
10
4
95
11%
74%
6%
8%
100%
0%
100%
100%
38%
14%
19%
15%
11%
4%
100%
31
128
15
18
192
1
193
194
40
19
27
32
16
3
137
16%
67%
8%
9%
100%
1%
99%
100%
29%
14%
20%
23%
12%
2%
100%
63
20
17
16
7
45
168
52
15
12
10
15
64
168
38%
12%
10%
10%
4%
27%
100%
31%
9%
7%
6%
9%
38%
100%
108
20
12
11
10
37
198
47
13
10
16
15
96
197
55%
10%
6%
6%
5%
19%
100%
24%
7%
5%
8%
8%
49%
100%
61
16
14
7
3
31
132
40
10
8
13
12
51
134
46%
12%
11%
5%
2%
23%
100%
30%
7%
6%
10%
9%
38%
100%
91
20
11
17
10
47
196
48
16
12
13
15
90
194
46%
10%
6%
9%
5%
24%
100%
25%
8%
6%
7%
8%
46%
100%
9
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
c. Student government
hstugov
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
d. Publications (student
newspaper, yearbook, etc.)
hinvpubs
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
e. Academic honor societies
hinvhono
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
f. Academic clubs (debate,
mathematics, science, etc.)
hinvaccl
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
g. Vocational clubs (business,
health, technology, etc.)
hinvvccl
Count
Total
Total
Total
Total
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
270
37
22
17
9
17
372
291
25
15
10
12
21
374
188
26
45
38
26
49
372
262
38
28
19
9
15
371
238
38
38
21
12
25
372
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
73%
10%
6%
5%
2%
5%
100%
78%
7%
4%
3%
3%
6%
100%
51%
7%
12%
10%
7%
13%
100%
71%
10%
8%
5%
2%
4%
100%
64%
10%
10%
6%
3%
7%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
112
17
14
6
8
10
167
129
10
6
4
7
12
168
63
11
20
18
20
35
167
103
20
15
12
7
9
166
97
19
21
11
4
14
166
67%
10%
8%
4%
5%
6%
100%
77%
6%
4%
2%
4%
7%
100%
38%
7%
12%
11%
12%
21%
100%
62%
12%
9%
7%
4%
5%
100%
58%
11%
13%
7%
2%
8%
100%
153
19
6
11
1
7
197
159
15
9
6
3
6
198
122
15
23
19
6
12
197
153
16
13
7
2
6
197
135
19
16
9
8
11
198
78%
10%
3%
6%
1%
4%
100%
80%
8%
5%
3%
2%
3%
100%
62%
8%
12%
10%
3%
6%
100%
78%
8%
7%
4%
1%
3%
100%
68%
10%
8%
5%
4%
6%
100%
96
9
10
7
7
3
132
107
11
4
3
3
6
134
66
4
20
11
13
20
134
90
16
10
8
6
3
133
84
10
16
9
4
10
133
73%
7%
8%
5%
5%
2%
100%
80%
8%
3%
2%
2%
4%
100%
49%
3%
15%
8%
10%
15%
100%
68%
12%
8%
6%
5%
2%
100%
63%
8%
12%
7%
3%
8%
100%
141
24
8
7
2
13
195
151
11
9
6
8
10
195
95
21
15
24
12
26
193
142
19
10
9
3
12
195
123
23
21
10
6
12
195
72%
12%
4%
4%
1%
7%
100%
77%
6%
5%
3%
4%
5%
100%
49%
11%
8%
12%
6%
13%
100%
73%
10%
5%
5%
2%
6%
100%
63%
12%
11%
5%
3%
6%
100%
10
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
h. Religious youth groups
hrelgrp
Response Options
Count
1 Not involved
2
3
4
5
6 Highly involved
Total
12. Overall, how academically
challenging was your high
school?
hacachal
1 Not at all challenging
2
3
4
5
6 Extremely challenging
Total
167
41
43
36
16
68
371
16
35
77
151
68
21
368
Female
%
45%
11%
12%
10%
4%
18%
100%
4%
10%
21%
41%
18%
6%
100%
Male
b. Working for pay on- or offcampus
a
cwork
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
42
16
10
373
200
42
50
48
22
5
3
1
371
11%
4%
3%
100%
54%
11%
13%
13%
6%
1%
1%
0%
100%
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
66
10
20
20
7
45
168
4
9
32
79
34
7
165
39%
6%
12%
12%
4%
27%
100%
2%
5%
19%
48%
21%
4%
100%
99
30
21
16
9
21
196
12
25
44
66
34
14
195
51%
15%
11%
8%
5%
11%
100%
6%
13%
23%
34%
17%
7%
100%
59
19
15
14
6
20
133
6
14
32
55
19
7
133
44%
14%
11%
11%
5%
15%
100%
5%
11%
24%
41%
14%
5%
100%
85
21
22
17
6
42
193
8
16
36
76
44
11
191
44%
11%
11%
9%
3%
22%
100%
4%
8%
19%
40%
23%
6%
100%
1
23
52
56
39
14
7
5
197
110
23
25
21
14
3
2
0
198
1%
12%
26%
28%
20%
7%
4%
3%
100%
56%
12%
13%
11%
7%
2%
1%
0%
100%
0
16
32
42
23
12
5
3
133
67
16
17
22
8
3
0
1
134
0%
12%
24%
32%
17%
9%
4%
2%
100%
50%
12%
13%
16%
6%
2%
0%
1%
100%
0
11
43
54
46
25
10
7
196
104
21
30
22
13
0
3
0
193
0%
6%
22%
28%
23%
13%
5%
4%
100%
54%
11%
16%
11%
7%
0%
2%
0%
100%
13. During the coming school year , about how many hours do you think you will spend in a typical 7-day week doing each of the following?
a. Preparing for class (studying,
cacadpr
0 hours per week
0%
0
0%
1
reading, writing, doing
1-5 hours per week
32
9%
7
4%
homework or lab work,
6-10 hours per week
85
23%
31
18%
analyzing data, rehearsing, and
11-15 hours per week
108
29%
51
30%
other academic activities)
16-20 hours per week
79
21%
37
22%
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
0 hours per week
1-5 hours per week
6-10 hours per week
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
First Generationa
Gender
28
9
5
168
88
19
24
25
7
2
0
1
166
17%
5%
3%
100%
53%
11%
14%
15%
4%
1%
0%
1%
100%
11
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
Count
c. Participating in co-curricular
activities (organizations,
campus publications, student
government, fraternity or
sorority, intercollegiate or
intramural sports, etc.)
ccocurr
d. Relaxing or socializing
(watching TV, partying, etc.)
csocial
0 hours per week
1-5 hours per week
6-10 hours per week
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
0 hours per week
1-5 hours per week
6-10 hours per week
11-15 hours per week
16-20 hours per week
21-25 hours per week
26-30 hours per week
More than 30 hours per week
Total
38
115
93
46
42
16
7
16
373
3
86
112
80
53
19
13
8
374
14. During the coming school year , about how often do you expect to do each of the following?
a. Ask questions in class or
cclquest
Never
3
contribute to class discussions
Sometimes
87
Often
174
Very often
109
Total
373
b. Make a class presentation
cclprese
Never
4
Sometimes
130
Often
183
Very often
55
Total
372
c. Work on a paper or project
cintegra
Never
2
that requires integrating ideas
Sometimes
35
or information from various
Often
184
sources
Very often
152
Total
373
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
10%
31%
25%
12%
11%
4%
2%
4%
100%
1%
23%
30%
21%
14%
5%
3%
2%
100%
23
57
41
13
21
5
4
4
168
2
44
49
41
21
6
3
2
168
14%
34%
24%
8%
13%
3%
2%
2%
100%
1%
26%
29%
24%
13%
4%
2%
1%
100%
15
56
50
31
21
10
3
12
198
1
39
60
38
32
12
10
6
198
8%
28%
25%
16%
11%
5%
2%
6%
100%
1%
20%
30%
19%
16%
6%
5%
3%
100%
19
45
29
10
17
5
2
6
133
1
33
46
32
12
3
4
2
133
14%
34%
22%
8%
13%
4%
2%
5%
100%
1%
25%
35%
24%
9%
2%
3%
2%
100%
14
52
56
30
22
9
4
8
195
1
43
53
41
35
12
7
4
196
7%
27%
29%
15%
11%
5%
2%
4%
100%
1%
22%
27%
21%
18%
6%
4%
2%
100%
1%
23%
47%
29%
100%
1%
35%
49%
15%
100%
1%
9%
49%
41%
100%
1
43
73
52
169
1
59
80
28
168
0
10
71
88
169
1%
25%
43%
31%
100%
1%
35%
48%
17%
100%
0%
6%
42%
52%
100%
2
44
99
53
198
3
69
100
25
197
2
25
110
60
197
1%
22%
50%
27%
100%
2%
35%
51%
13%
100%
1%
13%
56%
30%
100%
2
30
57
44
133
2
47
63
21
133
1
10
65
56
132
2%
23%
43%
33%
100%
2%
35%
47%
16%
100%
1%
8%
49%
42%
100%
0
44
92
58
194
1
67
102
23
193
1
18
97
80
196
0%
23%
47%
30%
100%
1%
35%
53%
12%
100%
1%
9%
49%
41%
100%
12
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
d. Work with other students on
projects during class
cclassgr
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
e. Work with classmates outside
of class to prepare class
assignments
coccgrp
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
f. Put together ideas or concepts
from different courses when
completing assignments or
during class discussions
cintidea
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
g. Discuss grades or assignments
with an instructor
cfacgrad
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
h. Discuss ideas from your
readings or classes with faculty
members outside of class
cfacidea
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
i. Receive prompt feedback from
faculty on your academic
performance (written or oral)
cfacfeed
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
j. Work with faculty members on
activities other than
coursework (committees,
orientation, student life
activities, etc.)
cfacothe
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
Count
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
Total
a
Total
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
9
140
163
61
373
12
151
144
68
375
10
126
156
81
373
5
131
163
76
375
50
175
100
44
369
9
108
170
85
372
61
193
86
31
371
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
2%
38%
44%
16%
100%
3%
40%
38%
18%
100%
3%
34%
42%
22%
100%
1%
35%
43%
20%
100%
14%
47%
27%
12%
100%
2%
29%
46%
23%
100%
16%
52%
23%
8%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
3
61
69
36
169
5
62
62
40
169
4
51
67
46
168
0
68
66
35
169
28
75
42
23
168
3
44
86
35
168
35
82
36
14
167
2%
36%
41%
21%
100%
3%
37%
37%
24%
100%
2%
30%
40%
27%
100%
0%
40%
39%
21%
100%
17%
45%
25%
14%
100%
2%
26%
51%
21%
100%
21%
49%
22%
8%
100%
6
76
93
23
198
7
85
80
27
199
6
73
86
33
198
5
61
95
38
199
21
97
58
20
196
5
63
81
48
197
25
110
47
16
198
3%
38%
47%
12%
100%
4%
43%
40%
14%
100%
3%
37%
43%
17%
100%
3%
31%
48%
19%
100%
11%
49%
30%
10%
100%
3%
32%
41%
24%
100%
13%
56%
24%
8%
100%
1
50
57
25
133
6
51
53
23
133
3
44
54
32
133
3
46
52
32
133
19
62
34
18
133
4
32
61
34
131
23
75
26
8
132
1%
38%
43%
19%
100%
5%
38%
40%
17%
100%
2%
33%
41%
24%
100%
2%
35%
39%
24%
100%
14%
47%
26%
14%
100%
3%
24%
47%
26%
100%
17%
57%
20%
6%
100%
8
76
86
25
195
6
82
75
33
196
6
68
81
39
194
2
70
89
35
196
27
91
55
18
191
5
59
90
41
195
29
99
50
15
193
4%
39%
44%
13%
100%
3%
42%
38%
17%
100%
3%
35%
42%
20%
100%
1%
36%
45%
18%
100%
14%
48%
29%
9%
100%
3%
30%
46%
21%
100%
15%
51%
26%
8%
100%
13
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
k. Discuss ideas from your
readings or classes with others
outside of class (students,
family members, co-workers,
etc.)
coocidea
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
l. Have serious conversations
with students of a different
race or ethnicity than your own
cdivrstu
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
m. Try to better understand
someone else's views by
imagining how an issue looks
from his or her perspective
cothrvie
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
n. Learn something that changes
the way you understand an
issue or idea
cchngvie
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
o. Have serious conversations
with students who are very
different from you in terms of
their religious beliefs, political
opinions, or personal values
cdiffstu
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very often
Count
Total
Total
Total
Total
a
Total
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
21
142
156
54
373
14
146
110
103
373
7
106
146
113
372
5
89
168
112
374
16
132
122
102
372
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
6%
38%
42%
14%
100%
4%
39%
29%
28%
100%
2%
28%
39%
30%
100%
1%
24%
45%
30%
100%
4%
35%
33%
27%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
8
55
77
29
169
5
68
50
45
168
1
37
68
62
168
0
32
71
66
169
4
50
61
53
168
5%
33%
46%
17%
100%
3%
40%
30%
27%
100%
1%
22%
40%
37%
100%
0%
19%
42%
39%
100%
2%
30%
36%
32%
100%
13
86
77
22
198
8
78
59
54
199
6
69
75
48
198
5
56
94
43
198
11
81
60
45
197
7%
43%
39%
11%
100%
4%
39%
30%
27%
100%
3%
35%
38%
24%
100%
3%
28%
47%
22%
100%
6%
41%
30%
23%
100%
9
50
54
18
131
6
51
41
35
133
5
34
50
44
133
3
29
63
38
133
7
53
33
39
132
7%
38%
41%
14%
100%
5%
38%
31%
26%
100%
4%
26%
38%
33%
100%
2%
22%
47%
29%
100%
5%
40%
25%
30%
100%
10
72
87
27
196
6
80
56
52
194
2
57
82
53
194
1
48
87
59
195
6
61
77
50
194
5%
37%
44%
14%
100%
3%
41%
29%
27%
100%
1%
29%
42%
27%
100%
1%
25%
45%
30%
100%
3%
31%
40%
26%
100%
14
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
Count
15. During the coming school year , how certain are you that you will do the following?
a. Study when there are other
cotherint
1 Not at all certain
interesting things to do
2
3
4
5
6 Very certain
Total
b. Find additional information for
course assignments when you
don't understand the material
cfindinfo
1 Not at all certain
2
3
4
5
6 Very certain
c. Participate regularly in course
discussions, even when you
don't feel like it
ccourdis
1 Not at all certain
2
3
4
5
6 Very certain
d. Ask instructors for help when
you struggle with course
assignments
caskinst
1 Not at all certain
2
3
4
5
6 Very certain
e. Finish something you have
started when you encounter
challenges
cfinish
Total
Total
Total
1 Not at all certain
2
3
4
5
6 Very certain
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
11
21
84
126
67
63
372
3
23
65
126
95
61
373
8
41
85
107
84
49
374
2
20
38
90
112
112
374
3
7
30
107
114
112
373
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
3%
6%
23%
34%
18%
17%
100%
1%
6%
17%
34%
25%
16%
100%
2%
11%
23%
29%
22%
13%
100%
1%
5%
10%
24%
30%
30%
100%
1%
2%
8%
29%
31%
30%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
2
4
39
59
34
31
169
0
4
24
60
43
38
169
4
19
36
49
38
23
169
1
9
21
37
46
55
169
1
2
12
47
51
56
169
1%
2%
23%
35%
20%
18%
100%
0%
2%
14%
36%
25%
22%
100%
2%
11%
21%
29%
22%
14%
100%
1%
5%
12%
22%
27%
33%
100%
1%
1%
7%
28%
30%
33%
100%
9
17
43
66
33
29
197
3
18
41
64
49
23
198
4
22
47
58
44
23
198
1
11
17
52
64
53
198
2
5
18
59
62
52
198
5%
9%
22%
34%
17%
15%
100%
2%
9%
21%
32%
25%
12%
100%
2%
11%
24%
29%
22%
12%
100%
1%
6%
9%
26%
32%
27%
100%
1%
3%
9%
30%
31%
26%
100%
5
7
27
46
29
20
134
2
8
19
40
38
26
133
3
13
28
38
33
19
134
1
7
15
26
41
44
134
1
3
9
33
42
45
133
4%
5%
20%
34%
22%
15%
100%
2%
6%
14%
30%
29%
20%
100%
2%
10%
21%
28%
25%
14%
100%
1%
5%
11%
19%
31%
33%
100%
1%
2%
7%
25%
32%
34%
100%
4
11
45
67
32
35
194
1
11
41
66
48
28
195
2
24
46
55
45
23
195
0
10
21
48
61
55
195
0
3
18
59
59
56
195
2%
6%
23%
35%
16%
18%
100%
1%
6%
21%
34%
25%
14%
100%
1%
12%
24%
28%
23%
12%
100%
0%
5%
11%
25%
31%
28%
100%
0%
2%
9%
30%
30%
29%
100%
15
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
f. Stay positive, even when you
do poorly on a test assignment
cstaypos
Response Options
Count
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Total
11
16
56
96
110
84
373
3%
4%
15%
26%
29%
23%
100%
7
5
30
48
50
28
168
4%
3%
18%
29%
30%
17%
100%
4
11
26
46
58
53
198
2%
6%
13%
23%
29%
27%
100%
5
11
14
40
28
36
134
4%
8%
10%
30%
21%
27%
100%
3
5
33
45
69
39
194
2%
3%
17%
23%
36%
20%
100%
16. During the coming school year , how difficult do you expect the following to be?
a. Learning course material
clearnma 1 Not at all difficult
2
3
4
5
6 Very difficult
Total
b. Managing your time
cmantime 1 Not at all difficult
2
3
4
5
6 Very difficult
Total
c. Paying college expenses
cpaycoll
1 Not at all difficult
2
3
4
5
6 Very difficult
Total
d. Getting help with school work
cgethelp
1 Not at all difficult
2
3
4
5
6 Very difficult
Total
9
26
99
153
71
14
372
10
24
73
83
101
80
371
92
51
78
59
49
41
370
54
90
109
91
21
6
371
2%
7%
27%
41%
19%
4%
100%
3%
6%
20%
22%
27%
22%
100%
25%
14%
21%
16%
13%
11%
100%
15%
24%
29%
25%
6%
2%
100%
4
8
42
72
35
7
168
4
17
31
35
49
33
169
37
30
31
25
21
24
168
28
49
47
35
7
2
168
2%
5%
25%
43%
21%
4%
100%
2%
10%
18%
21%
29%
20%
100%
22%
18%
18%
15%
13%
14%
100%
17%
29%
28%
21%
4%
1%
100%
5
16
56
79
34
7
197
6
6
42
47
51
45
197
53
21
45
34
27
15
195
26
38
60
55
13
4
196
3%
8%
28%
40%
17%
4%
100%
3%
3%
21%
24%
26%
23%
100%
27%
11%
23%
17%
14%
8%
100%
13%
19%
31%
28%
7%
2%
100%
5
7
37
54
24
5
132
5
11
30
20
33
33
132
31
15
23
19
23
21
132
19
36
41
29
4
4
133
4%
5%
28%
41%
18%
4%
100%
4%
8%
23%
15%
25%
25%
100%
23%
11%
17%
14%
17%
16%
100%
14%
27%
31%
22%
3%
3%
100%
3
14
51
80
39
8
195
3
9
32
55
57
38
194
47
31
43
32
23
17
193
28
42
56
50
15
2
193
2%
7%
26%
41%
20%
4%
100%
2%
5%
16%
28%
29%
20%
100%
24%
16%
22%
17%
12%
9%
100%
15%
22%
29%
26%
8%
1%
100%
a
1 Not at all certain
2
3
4
5
6 Very certain
First Generationa
Gender
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
16
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
e. Making new friends
cmakefr
1 Not at all difficult
2
3
4
5
6 Very difficult
f. Interacting with faculty
cintfac
1 Not at all difficult
2
3
4
5
6 Very difficult
Count
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Total
144
97
49
44
27
10
371
77
91
112
56
27
7
370
39%
26%
13%
12%
7%
3%
100%
21%
25%
30%
15%
7%
2%
100%
60
53
17
20
11
7
168
27
38
54
34
10
5
168
36%
32%
10%
12%
7%
4%
100%
16%
23%
32%
20%
6%
3%
100%
80
41
32
24
16
3
196
47
51
58
22
15
2
195
41%
21%
16%
12%
8%
2%
100%
24%
26%
30%
11%
8%
1%
100%
42
41
17
21
10
2
133
25
33
39
27
7
2
133
32%
31%
13%
16%
8%
2%
100%
19%
25%
29%
20%
5%
2%
100%
85
47
26
15
14
6
193
40
52
61
20
14
5
192
44%
24%
13%
8%
7%
3%
100%
21%
27%
32%
10%
7%
3%
100%
17. How prepared are you to do the following in your academic work at this college?
a. Write clearly and effectively
cgnwrite
1 Not at all prepared
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
Total
b. Speak clearly and effectively
cgnspeak 1 Not at all prepared
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
Total
c. Think critically and
cgnanaly 1 Not at all prepared
analytically
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
Total
1
18
80
127
81
66
373
1
14
70
117
100
71
373
1
7
51
143
96
75
373
0%
5%
21%
34%
22%
18%
100%
0%
4%
19%
31%
27%
19%
100%
0%
2%
14%
38%
26%
20%
100%
0
8
32
58
43
28
169
0
9
36
56
44
24
169
1
4
26
65
46
27
169
0%
5%
19%
34%
25%
17%
100%
0%
5%
21%
33%
26%
14%
100%
1%
2%
15%
38%
27%
16%
100%
1
9
48
69
38
32
197
1
5
34
59
55
43
197
0
3
25
77
49
43
197
1%
5%
24%
35%
19%
16%
100%
1%
3%
17%
30%
28%
22%
100%
0%
2%
13%
39%
25%
22%
100%
0
8
29
49
27
20
133
1
4
23
45
37
23
133
1
2
24
50
30
26
133
0%
6%
22%
37%
20%
15%
100%
1%
3%
17%
34%
28%
17%
100%
1%
2%
18%
38%
23%
20%
100%
1
7
42
61
48
36
195
0
8
33
61
56
37
195
0
4
21
75
53
42
195
1%
4%
22%
31%
25%
18%
100%
0%
4%
17%
31%
29%
19%
100%
0%
2%
11%
38%
27%
22%
100%
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
17
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
d. Analyze math or quantitative
problems
cgnquant
1 Not at all prepared
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
e. Use computing and
information technology
cgncompt
1 Not at all prepared
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
f. Work effectively with others
cgnother
1 Not at all prepared
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
g. Learn effectively on your own
cgninq
1 Not at all prepared
2
3
4
5
6 Very prepared
Count
Total
Total
Total
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
11
41
86
103
81
50
372
2
22
62
92
114
81
373
2
3
28
84
147
108
372
1
8
34
119
107
103
372
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
3%
11%
23%
28%
22%
13%
100%
1%
6%
17%
25%
31%
22%
100%
1%
1%
8%
23%
40%
29%
100%
0%
2%
9%
32%
29%
28%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
6
20
42
42
37
22
169
1
11
29
47
52
29
169
0
1
8
35
72
53
169
0
1
15
56
49
48
169
4%
12%
25%
25%
22%
13%
100%
1%
7%
17%
28%
31%
17%
100%
0%
1%
5%
21%
43%
31%
100%
0%
1%
9%
33%
29%
28%
100%
4
21
42
59
43
28
197
1
11
31
44
62
48
197
2
2
20
48
75
50
197
1
7
19
63
56
51
197
2%
11%
21%
30%
22%
14%
100%
1%
6%
16%
22%
31%
24%
100%
1%
1%
10%
24%
38%
25%
100%
1%
4%
10%
32%
28%
26%
100%
4
19
27
34
30
19
133
0
9
20
32
39
33
133
1
2
11
28
51
40
133
1
2
12
39
45
34
133
3%
14%
20%
26%
23%
14%
100%
0%
7%
15%
24%
29%
25%
100%
1%
2%
8%
21%
38%
30%
100%
1%
2%
9%
29%
34%
26%
100%
6
18
48
60
38
24
194
2
13
34
47
65
34
195
0
1
11
46
81
55
194
0
5
15
67
49
58
194
3%
9%
25%
31%
20%
12%
100%
1%
7%
17%
24%
33%
17%
100%
0%
1%
6%
24%
42%
28%
100%
0%
3%
8%
35%
25%
30%
100%
18
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
18. How important is it to you that your college or university provides each of the following?
a. A challenging academic
cenvscho 1 Not important
experience
2
3
4
5
6 Very important
Total
b. Support to help you succeed
cenvsupr 1 Not important
academically
2
3
4
5
6 Very important
Total
c. Opportunities to interact with
cenvdivr
1 Not important
students from different
2
economic, social, and racial or
3
ethnic backgrounds
4
5
6 Very important
Total
d. Assistance with coping with
cenvnaca 1 Not important
your non-academic
2
responsibilities (work, family,
3
etc.)
4
5
6 Very important
Total
e. Support to help you thrive
cenvsoca 1 Not important
socially
2
3
4
5
6 Very important
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
Count
6
12
55
132
103
69
377
2
4
21
65
104
177
373
9
17
38
106
103
102
375
16
28
65
98
100
67
374
14
22
53
102
94
90
375
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
2%
3%
15%
35%
27%
18%
100%
1%
1%
6%
17%
28%
47%
100%
2%
5%
10%
28%
27%
27%
100%
4%
7%
17%
26%
27%
18%
100%
4%
6%
14%
27%
25%
24%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
0
5
21
53
57
34
170
1
3
5
21
54
85
169
3
6
14
46
49
52
170
5
13
25
47
48
31
169
6
10
22
38
46
47
169
0%
3%
12%
31%
34%
20%
100%
1%
2%
3%
12%
32%
50%
100%
2%
4%
8%
27%
29%
31%
100%
3%
8%
15%
28%
28%
18%
100%
4%
6%
13%
22%
27%
28%
100%
6
7
34
74
46
33
200
1
1
16
44
49
88
199
6
10
24
60
53
45
198
11
15
39
51
47
36
199
8
11
30
64
46
41
200
3%
4%
17%
37%
23%
17%
100%
1%
1%
8%
22%
25%
44%
100%
3%
5%
12%
30%
27%
23%
100%
6%
8%
20%
26%
24%
18%
100%
4%
6%
15%
32%
23%
21%
100%
3
5
23
48
29
27
135
1
2
7
18
38
67
133
3
7
17
37
32
38
134
6
6
24
39
33
25
133
7
7
20
38
29
33
134
2%
4%
17%
36%
21%
20%
100%
1%
2%
5%
14%
29%
50%
100%
2%
5%
13%
28%
24%
28%
100%
5%
5%
18%
29%
25%
19%
100%
5%
5%
15%
28%
22%
25%
100%
3
6
24
70
57
36
196
1
0
11
37
56
89
194
3
9
15
58
57
53
195
7
17
37
50
50
34
195
6
14
23
53
54
45
195
2%
3%
12%
36%
29%
18%
100%
1%
0%
6%
19%
29%
46%
100%
2%
5%
8%
30%
29%
27%
100%
4%
9%
19%
26%
26%
17%
100%
3%
7%
12%
27%
28%
23%
100%
19
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
Response Options
Female
Yes
No
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
3
2
18
20
60
66
169
2%
1%
11%
12%
36%
39%
100%
3
6
22
49
58
62
200
2%
3%
11%
25%
29%
31%
100%
2
4
17
29
38
44
134
1%
3%
13%
22%
28%
33%
100%
2
2
18
36
65
72
195
1%
1%
9%
18%
33%
37%
100%
19. About how much of your college expenses (tuition, fees, books, room & board) this year will be provided be each of the following sources?
a. Scholarships and grants
cschgr
None
108
29%
45
27%
61
Less than half
109
29%
55
33%
52
Half or more
50
14%
26
16%
23
All or nearly all
88
24%
38
23%
48
Do not know
15
4%
3
2%
12
Total
370
100%
167
100%
196
b. Student loans
cstudlo
None
175
48%
76
45%
93
Less than half
65
18%
35
21%
30
Half or more
52
14%
27
16%
25
All or nearly all
49
13%
23
14%
26
Do not know
27
7%
7
4%
19
Total
368
100%
168
100%
193
c. Parents/family
cparfam
None
79
22%
38
23%
39
Less than half
79
22%
44
27%
35
Half or more
59
16%
22
13%
36
All or nearly all
125
34%
55
33%
68
Do not know
24
7%
6
4%
17
Total
366
100%
165
100%
195
d. Self (work on-campus or offcself
None
225
62%
111
67%
111
campus, savings)
Less than half
86
24%
36
22%
50
Half or more
14
4%
6
4%
7
All or nearly all
9
2%
4
2%
3
Do not know
29
8%
8
5%
20
Total
363
100%
165
100%
191
31%
27%
12%
24%
6%
100%
48%
16%
13%
13%
10%
100%
20%
18%
18%
35%
9%
100%
58%
26%
4%
2%
10%
100%
31
42
19
36
4
132
53
26
22
25
7
133
34
36
13
40
7
130
77
29
8
6
10
130
23%
32%
14%
27%
3%
100%
40%
20%
17%
19%
5%
100%
26%
28%
10%
31%
5%
100%
59%
22%
6%
5%
8%
100%
65
59
26
33
9
192
102
31
27
15
16
191
31
29
42
75
14
191
115
48
6
2
18
189
34%
31%
14%
17%
5%
100%
53%
16%
14%
8%
8%
100%
16%
15%
22%
39%
7%
100%
61%
25%
3%
1%
10%
100%
cenveven
1 Not important
2
3
4
5
6 Very important
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
6
8
40
69
120
132
375
%
Male
Count
f. Opportunities to attend
campus events and activities
Count
First Generationa
Gender
2%
2%
11%
18%
32%
35%
100%
20
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
20. Did you receive a Federal Pell
Grant?
cpell
Response Options
Count
No
Yes
Do not know
Total
21. What do you expect most of
your grades will be at this
college during the coming
year?
(Select only one.)
cgrades
C- or lower
C
C+
BB
B+
AA
Grades not used
22. Do you intend to graduate
from this college?
cintgrad
No
Yes
Uncertain
23 What is the highest academic
degree you intend to obtain at
this or any college?
chighdeg
Associate's degree
Bachelor's degree
Master's degree
Doctoral degree
Uncertain
Total
Total
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
163
73
136
372
2
4
7
32
83
82
100
63
0
373
15
266
87
368
7
93
134
47
90
371
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
44%
20%
37%
100%
1%
1%
2%
9%
22%
22%
27%
17%
0%
100%
4%
72%
24%
100%
2%
25%
36%
13%
24%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
74
37
58
169
0
1
3
10
35
32
51
37
0
169
9
122
37
168
1
33
68
25
41
168
44%
22%
34%
100%
0%
1%
2%
6%
21%
19%
30%
22%
0%
100%
5%
73%
22%
100%
1%
20%
40%
15%
24%
100%
87
34
76
197
2
3
4
22
45
49
47
25
0
197
6
142
48
196
6
58
64
21
48
197
44%
17%
39%
100%
1%
2%
2%
11%
23%
25%
24%
13%
0%
100%
3%
72%
24%
100%
3%
29%
32%
11%
24%
100%
54
36
43
133
1
2
4
10
28
30
44
14
0
133
5
103
25
133
3
38
44
18
31
134
41%
27%
32%
100%
1%
2%
3%
8%
21%
23%
33%
11%
0%
100%
4%
77%
19%
100%
2%
28%
33%
13%
23%
100%
95
23
75
193
1
1
3
18
44
42
47
40
0
196
9
129
54
192
3
44
76
25
45
193
49%
12%
39%
100%
1%
1%
2%
9%
22%
21%
24%
20%
0%
100%
5%
67%
28%
100%
2%
23%
39%
13%
23%
100%
21
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
24. Do you know what your major
will be?
cmajor
Response Options
Count
No
Yes
Total
Created by recoding
'xmajcod1' into one of ten
major categories listed at right
xmajrcol
Arts and humanities
Biological sciences
Business
Education
Engineering
Physical science
Professional
Social science
Other
Undecided
25. Are you, or will you be, a fulltime student this fall term?
cenrlmen
No
Yes
26. How many of your close
friends will attend this college
during the coming year?
cfriends
Total
Total
None
1
2
3
4 or more
Total
27. Your sex:
csex
Male
Female
Total
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
95
275
370
24
10
25
52
12
3
42
15
73
1
257
0
373
373
128
55
48
35
107
373
201
170
371
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
26%
74%
100%
9%
4%
10%
20%
5%
1%
16%
6%
28%
0%
100%
0%
100%
100%
34%
15%
13%
9%
29%
100%
54%
46%
100%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
38
129
167
11
5
7
37
0
1
28
11
22
0
122
0
170
170
59
24
23
17
46
169
0
170
170
23%
77%
100%
9%
4%
6%
30%
0%
1%
23%
9%
18%
0%
100%
0%
100%
100%
35%
14%
14%
10%
27%
100%
0%
100%
100%
55
141
196
11
5
18
14
12
2
14
4
50
1
131
0
198
198
68
30
25
17
58
198
201
0
201
28%
72%
100%
8%
4%
14%
11%
9%
2%
11%
3%
38%
1%
100%
0%
100%
100%
34%
15%
13%
9%
29%
100%
100%
0%
100%
28
105
133
10
1
9
21
6
1
20
6
23
0
97
0
134
134
41
27
18
10
37
133
65
69
134
21%
79%
100%
10%
1%
9%
22%
6%
1%
21%
6%
24%
0%
100%
0%
100%
100%
31%
20%
14%
8%
28%
100%
49%
51%
100%
56
137
193
12
7
12
24
3
1
18
7
41
1
126
0
194
194
78
23
23
20
50
194
112
81
193
29%
71%
100%
10%
6%
10%
19%
2%
1%
14%
6%
33%
1%
100%
0%
100%
100%
40%
12%
12%
10%
26%
100%
58%
42%
100%
22
BCSSE 2007 Engagement Item Frequency Distributions
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
All Students
WCU
Variable
28. Are you an international
student or foreign national?
cinterna
29. What is your racial or ethnic
identification?
(Select only one.)
crace
Response Options
Count
No
Yes
Total
American Indian or other Native
American
Asian, Asian American, or
Pacific Islander
Black or African American
First Generationa
Gender
Female
%
Male
Yes
No
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
Count
%
361
8
369
98%
2%
100%
165
3
168
98%
2%
100%
194
5
199
97%
3%
100%
132
1
133
99%
1%
100%
191
2
193
99%
1%
100%
6
2%
4
2%
2
1%
1
1%
4
2%
1
0%
1
1%
0
0%
1
1%
0
0%
40
11%
11
6%
29
15%
19
14%
14
7%
298
79%
140
82%
152
76%
104
77%
162
83%
Mexican or Mexican American
3
1%
3
2%
0
0%
3
2%
0
0%
Puerto Rican
1
0%
1
1%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
Other Hispanic or Latino
2
1%
1
1%
1
1%
1
1%
1
1%
Multiracial
6
2%
3
2%
3
2%
3
2%
2
1%
White (non-Hispanic)
3
1%
2
1%
1
1%
0
0%
2
1%
Total
15
375
4%
100%
4
170
2%
100%
11
199
6%
100%
3
135
2%
100%
11
196
6%
100%
30. Please indicate whether your parents completed a 4-year college degree.
a. Mother (or guardian)
cmothred Did not complete 4-year degree
Did complete 4-year degree
Do not know
Total
b. Father (or guardian)
cfathred
Did not complete 4-year degree
Did complete 4-year degree
Do not know
Total
31. How far is your home from
cdistanc
20 miles or less
this college?
21-50 miles
51-100 miles
101-200 miles
201-400 miles
more than 400 miles
Total
183
170
22
375
190
151
31
372
14
37
57
127
107
35
377
49%
45%
6%
100%
51%
41%
8%
100%
4%
10%
15%
34%
28%
9%
100%
87
72
10
169
95
60
14
169
6
18
33
50
47
15
169
51%
43%
6%
100%
56%
36%
8%
100%
4%
11%
20%
30%
28%
9%
100%
93
94
12
199
94
87
17
198
7
18
22
74
60
20
201
47%
47%
6%
100%
47%
44%
9%
100%
3%
9%
11%
37%
30%
10%
100%
135
0
0
135
135
0
0
135
6
17
25
43
36
7
134
100%
0%
0%
100%
100%
0%
0%
100%
4%
13%
19%
32%
27%
5%
100%
38
159
0
197
51
146
0
197
7
18
22
69
58
23
197
19%
81%
0%
100%
26%
74%
0%
100%
4%
9%
11%
35%
29%
12%
100%
Other
I prefer not to respond
a
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
23
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
Mean Scale Scores and Selected Student Comparisons
2007
BCSSE 2007 Mean Scale Scores and Selected Student Comparisons
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
Western Carolina University
Means by
Gender
WCU
Scale a
First Generationd Comparisons
Gender Comparisons
All Students
Tests of mean
differences
Means by
First Generation
Tests of mean
differences
Variable
Mean
SD
N
Female
Male
Sig b
Effect size c
Yes
No
High School Academic Engagement
Engagement in educationally relevant behaviors
during high school
HS_acad
5.00
1.47
380
5.23
4.76
**
.33
4.92
5.11
-.13
Expected First-Year Academic Engagement
Expected engagement in educationally relevant
behaviors during the first-year of college
Exp_acad
5.64
1.61
380
5.80
5.48
.20
5.64
5.61
.02
Academic Persistence
Student certainty that they will persist in the
midst of difficult circumstances
Acad_per
6.73
1.74
380
6.85
6.58
.15
6.83
6.72
.06
Acad_prep
6.88
1.51
380
6.82
6.87
-.04
6.83
6.92
-.06
Imp_env
7.14
1.75
380
7.39
6.90
.28
7.06
7.20
-.08
Academic Preparation
Student perception of their academic preparation
Importance of Campus Environment
Student-rated importance that the institution
provides a challenging and supportive
environment
a
**
Sig b
Effect size c
Scale scores are expressed in 0 (minimum) to 10 (maximum) point scales. See page 4 for complete scale descriptions and component items.
b
T-test results (2-tailed): * p<.05, ** p<.01, *** p<.001. The smaller the significance level, the less likely that the difference is due to chance.
c
Effect size is the mean difference divided by overall standard deviation. It indicates the practical significance of the mean difference (approx. .2 is considered small, .5 moderate, and .8 large). A positive sign
indicates that at your institution, females score higher than males, or first generation students scored higher than non-first generation students.
d
First generation is defined as no parent or guardian having graduated with a 4-year college degree.
25
Beginning College Survey of
Student Engagement
BCSSE 2007 Scale Descriptions
High School Academic Engagement
Academic Persistence
Students learn more when engaged in their learning and other
purposeful activities. This scale measures student
involvement in educationally relevant behaviors during the
last year of high school – behavior patterns that often persist
into the first-year. Items include:
The first year can be challenging. Successful students can overcome difficult situations with
appropriate strategies and problem solving skills. This scale represents student perceptions of their
ability to persist in the midst of difficult circumstances. Items include how certain students are to:
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Amount of assigned reading and writing
Time spent preparing for class
Asked questions or contributed to class discussions
Made a class presentation
Discussed grades or assignments with a teacher
Worked with other students on projects during class
Worked on assignments with classmates outside of class
Prepared 2+ drafts of a paper before turning it in
Discussed ideas from readings or classes with teachers
outside of class
 Discussed ideas from readings or classes with others
outside of class
Expected First-Year Academic Engagement
Expectations for the first year set the stage for upcoming
experiences and influence behaviors. This scale combines
expectations for a variety of educationally relevant practices
that contribute to student success. Items include student
expectations to:
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Spend time preparing for class
Ask questions or contribute to class discussions
Make a class presentation
Discuss grades or assignments with an instructor
Work with other students on projects during class
Work on assignments with classmates outside of class
Discuss ideas from readings or classes with faculty outside
of class
 Discuss ideas from readings or classes with others outside
of class
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Study when there are other interesting things to do
Find info for assignments when they don't understand the material
Participate regularly in course discussions, even when they don't feel like it
Ask instructors for help when they struggle with assignments
Finish something when they encounter challenges
Stay positive, even when they do poorly on a test or assignment
Academic Preparation
Self-reports of academic preparedness may signal a student’s likelihood of success. This scale
measures the degree of confidence students have in their academic abilities. Items include how
prepared students are to:
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Write clearly and effectively
Speak clearly and effectively
Think critically and analytically
Analyze math or quantitative problems
Use computing and information technology
Work effectively with others
Learn effectively on your own
Importance of Campus Environment
Campuses can do many things to support students both in and out of the classroom. This scale
gauges the importance new students’ assign to various institutional emphases and opportunities,
including:
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A challenging academic experience
Support for academic success
Opportunities to interact with students from different backgrounds
Assistance coping with non-academic responsibilities
Support to help them thrive socially
Opportunities to attend campus events and activities