National Climate Change Strategy and the Carbon Neutrality Challenge
advertisement
MINAE National Climate Change Strategy and the Carbon Neutrality Challenge Dr. Roberto Dobles April, 2008 MINAE Minitry of Environment and Energy MINAE Miami Panama Costa Rica National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) MINAE Two complementary agendas: I. II. National Agenda International Agenda Common element Economic, Social, and Environmental Sustainability of Development National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) MINAE Objective: Goals Economic, Social and Environmental Sustainability of Development National Agenda International Agenda Goals Axes of the National Climate Change Strategy 3 National Agenda Metrics 1 Mitigation 5 Education, culture and public awareness International Agenda 1 Exert international influence 4 Capacity building and technology transfer Financing 4 Leadership Legitimacy 5 2 Adaptation 6 3 Presence in multilateral and binational forums MINAE 6 International capacity building 2 Attract foreign financial resources National Agenda Objectives 3 Metrics 1 National Agenda Mitigation 4 Capacity building and technology transfer 2 Adaptation 5 Public awareness, education and culture change 6 Financing 3 1 Mitigation = MINAE Become a “Climate Neutral” economy by the year 2021 that also enhances the competitiveness and sustainability of the economy Metrics 4 Capacity building and technology transfer Develop a precise, = reliable and verifiable information system Improve the efficiency = and effectiveness of its implementation measures 5 Education, culture and public awareness 2 Adaptation = Reduce sectorial and geographic vulnerability = Create a culture change in habits 6 Financing = Secure resources and their efficient use International Agenda Objectives 1 Exert international incidence International Agenda 3 4 Leadership Legitimacy 5 Presence in multilateral and bilateral forums 6 International capacity building 2 Attract foreign financial resources 3 1 Exert Iinternational influence = Influence the development of collective actions oriented towards climatic stabilization and reduction of vulnerability MINAE Leadership Induce collective actions = through a clear vision and through example 4 Legitimacy = Generate credibility and trust 5 2 Attract foreign financial resources Presence in multilateral and bilateral forums = Consolidate the financing of the national strategy on climate 6 International capacity building = Position the country´s strategy Enhance the results of = diverse negotiations through skill development National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) I. National Agenda MINAE National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) MINAE National Agenda 4 3 Metrics Capacity building and technology transfer 1 2 Mitigation National Action Strategic Axes 5 Public awareness, education and culture change 6 Financing Adaptation MINAE CO2 77 % HFCs, PFCs SF6 1% CH4 14 % p. 99 N2O 8% Contenido GHG Emissions in CO2 equivalent units MINAE Costa Rica: Emisiones de CO2 equiv. por sector Año 2005 Manejo de desechos Sector Cambio de Uso de la tierra Ganadería Agricultura Procesos Industriales CO2 equivalente (millones de ton) IMN 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 -1,0 -2,0 -3,0 Energía Mitigation Mitigation Subaxes MINAE Mitigation I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources II. CO2 capture and storage Carbon fixation through reforestation, with an integral vision (biodiversity, water resources, soil protection, scenic beauty, impact on communities, etc.) III. Carbon Markets (Emissions Compensation) A. National B. Internactonal The Structure of Carbon Neutrality CO2 MINAE 1 Sectorial 2 4 CO2 Other Processes Key Actions 3 Companies and Organizations Geographic Mitigation Mitigation Subaxes MINAE Mitigation I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources II. CO2 capture and storage Carbon fixation through reforestation, with an integral vision (biodiversity, water resources, soil protection, scenic beauty, impact on communities, etc.) CO2 III. Carbon Markets (Emissions Compensation) A. National B. Internactonal MINAE Mitigation I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources GHG emissions reduction CO2 Mitigation: various dimensions MINAE Mitigation Mitigation GHG emissions reduction and capture increase by sinks. CO2 Composition of the energy supply matrix (biofuels, for example) and the energy consumption matrix (efficient and effective energy use). Fugitive burnings and emissions. Geographic sectors and zones. CO2 The Structure of Carbon Neutrality MINAE 1 Sectorial 2 4 Processes Key Actions 3 Companies and Organizations CO2 Geographic Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock The Structure of Carbon Neutrality CO2 MINAE 1 Sectorial 2 4 CO2 Processes Key Actions 3 Companies and Organizations Geographic Regions interested in C-Neutrality MINAE Northern Huetar Region Tortuguero Osa Peninsula Northern Huetar Region MINAE Counties interested in C-Neutrality Transform the Guatuso, Upala, Los Chiles, San Carlos and Sarapiqui Counties into a model region through pollution reduction efforts with sustainable practices and become a CNeutral prototype The Northern Huetar Region plans to be the first climate neutral region in Costa Rica. Five counties have signed the initiative so far. www.encc.go.cr The Structure of Carbon Neutrality CO2 MINAE 1 Sectorial 2 4 CO2 Other Processes Key Areas 3 Companies and Organizations Geographic MINAE Mitigation GHG Mitigation Business Competitive Strategy: C-Neutral (Zero Impact) Mitigation Strategic Axes Mitigation Mitigation MINAE Evolution of the economic environment Consumers’ preferences are being oriented towards more nature friendly goods and services, including “climate quality”. Institutional investors, in order to analize the companies’ future value and their potential for growth, are: Requiring that the companies indicate their opportunities and risks with respect to climate change (financial exposure to future regulations, exposure to carbon emission restrictions, damage to infrastructure, etc.). Developing investment policies that take into account managerial opportunities and threats of climate change. Companies are developing better business models to take advantage of opportunities and reduce risks. Carbon markets: significant multinational increase and rapid growth Exposure to climate risk is increasing in every sector and company. Mitigation C-Neutral Competitive Strategy MINAE ONCE THE TARGET MARKET HAS BEEN DEFINED, COMPANIES MUST: Differentiate products and services by adding value to consumers with regard to their carbon footprint. “Climate quality” (zero impact) Establish an appropriate (competitive) cost with regard to its carbon footprint. Cost reduction through efficiency and resource use matrix Examples of improvenemt of competitiveness through a C-Neutral Strategy MINAE Tourism: “C-Neutral trips to Costa Rica” Promote emission compensation activities through a clean trip initiative. Production of goods and services: “Made C-Neutral in Costa Rica Promote emission reduction in processes, goods and services. Attract compensated investments through a policy of emission compensations. Energy: “C-Neutral Electricity in Costa Rica” Emission compensation for companies outside Costa Rica: “Made C-Neutral in Costa Rica” ( “C-Neutral” recognition to foreign companies with production outside Costa Rica): Promote compensation activities through a compensated products an services. For example: “compensated clean vehicles”. One case might be the Toyota Prius: 15,000 km/year, 4 ton CO2/year, 10 year life span. C-Neutral Banking C-Neutral Universities C-Neutral Government Businesses/Organizations Seeking C-Neutrality Sector/Area No. Businesses/Organizations Agri-Industry 4 Chiquita Brands Dole / Standard Fruit Co. Platanera Río Sixaola Sun Ferns Industry 3 CEMEX Distribuidora FLOREX S.A. Baxter Healthcare Energy 1 Energías Biodegradables S.A. Transport 1 Consorcio Operativo del Este S.A. MINAE Businesses/Organizations Seeking C-Neutrality MINAE Sector /Area # Busnesses/Organizations Tourism 4 Hotel Lapa Rios Hotel Harmony Hotel Tabacón Resort and Spa Agencia Horizontes ONG 2 Funpadem Organization of Tropical Studies (OTS) Academia 2 Universidad Nacional (UNA) Universidad para la Cooperación Internacional (UCI) Government 1 Ministry of Environment and Energy C-Neutral Businesses Nature Air Carbon Emissions Program •NatureAir is committed to being the world's first zero emissions airline. •Implemented a year long carbon emissions analysis for each route and aircraft. •NatureAir has chosen two sustainable programs in Costa Rica which provide clean energy through solar cells and wind farms. MINAE Mitigation Mitigation Subaxes CO2 MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources II. CO2 capture and storage Carbon fixation through reforestation, with an integral vision (biodiversity, water resources, soil protection, scenic beauty, impact on communities, etc.) III. Carbon Markets (Emissions Compensation) A. National B. Internactonal MINAE Mitigation II. CO2 capture and storage CO2 Capture and storage in forests and reforestation Mitigation Strategy Mitigation II. CO2 capture and storage MINAE Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) 1 Reforestation 2 4 Avoided deforestation Key Sectors CO2 3 Natural regeneration Agro-forestry systems Mitigation Strategy Mitigation II. CO2 capture and storage MINAE Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) 1 Reforestation 2 4 Avoided deforestation Key Sectors CO2 3 Natural regeneration Agro-forestry systems Evolution of Costa Rica´s Forest Cover 1940 Cobertura Forestal 75% 1977 Cobertura Forestal 31% 1997 Cobertura Forestal 42% 1950 Cobertura Forestal 72% 1983 Cobertura Forestal 26% 2000 Cobertura Forestal 47% 1961 Cobertura Forestal 53% 1987 Cobertura Forestal 21% 2005 Cobertura Forestal 51% MINAE MINAE MINAE MINAE National Tree Planting Campaign MINAE 1 Reforestation CO2 We dare you to plant a tree! Goal 2007: 5 millon trees MINAE Mission Accomplished Costa Rica’s goal was to plant 5 millon trees in 2007, both in rural and in urban areas of the country. Goal MINAE 2007: 5 millon trees 2008: 7 millon trees Costa Rica’s goal is to plant 7 millon trees in 2008, both in rural areas and in urban areas of the country. ICE greenhouse in Cachí ICE greenhouse in La Garita Goal 2007: 5 millon trees 2008: 7 millon trees ICE greenhouse in Tronadora, Guanacaste MINAE National Tree Planting Campaign Ojectives • Promote reforestation, agriforestry systems, and forest management • Protect our water resources and other highly vulnerable areas • Regenerate forest cover • Secure the supply of sustainable wood • Reduce the effects of climate change MINAE MINAE Número de of árboles plantados Number planted trees 10.000.000 9.000.000 8.000.000 Trees Á r b o l e s 7.000.000 6.000.000 5.000.000 4.000.000 3.000.000 2.000.000 1.000.000 2002* 2003* 2004* 2005* 2006* 2007** 2008** 2009** 2010** Año Year *Planted trees * *Estimated number of trees to plant per year. Source: FONAFIFO, 2007 The Structure of Carbon Neutrality CO2 CO2 compensation mechanisms by individuals MINAE Clean Trip Initiative MINAE Mitigation Mitigation Subaxes MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources CO2 II. CO2 capture and storage Fixate carbon through reforestation, with an integral vision (biodiversity, water resources, soil protecction, scenic beauty, impact on communities, etc.) III. Carbon Markets (Emissions Compensation) A. National B. Internactonal Mitigation Strategy Mitigation MINAE III. Carbon markets development A. National B. International 1 Payment for Environmental Services (PES) 2 4 C-Neutral Brand Key Sectors CO2 3 Official Markets (CDM, CERs) Voluntary Markets (VERs) Mitigation Strategy Mitigation MINAE III. Carbon markets development A. National B. International 1 Payment for Environmental Services (PES) 2 4 C-Neutral Brand Key Sectors CO2 3 Official Markets (CDM, CERs) Voluntary Markets (VERs) Payment for Environmental Services Program (PESP) FONAFIFO receives 3.5% of consumption tax on fuels to run PESP Goal to dedicate 6 thousand reforested hectares per year to PESP Forest Protection Reforestation Agro-Forestry Systems MINAE PES Through Forest Protection MINAE PES Through Reforestation MINAE PES Through Agro-Forestry Systems MINAE MINAE Projection of CO2 tons captured through Payment of Environmental Services 3.500.000,0 3.000.000,0 tn CO2 2.500.000,0 2.000.000,0 Serie1 1.500.000,0 1.000.000,0 500.000,0 0,0 2007 2008 2009 2010 years 2011 2012 MINAE 1 Mitigation CO2 Mitigation Scenarios MINAE A Wedge Analysis of the U.S. Transportation Sector, Simon Mui, Jeff Alson , Benjamin Ellies and David Ganss, Transportation and Climate Division Office of Transportation and Air Quality U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , EPA420-R-07-007 April 2007. Impacto en el consumo de energía de las medidas de ahorro y sustitución MINAE 70,000,000 Proyecto TREM Sustitución Gas Natural en transporte Sustitución transp. Carga por Tren eléctrico Medidas de sustitución Medidas de ahorro A m ejorar 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 Año Fuente: Dirección Sectorial de Energía 2025 2023 2021 2019 2017 2015 2013 2011 2009 2007 2005 2003 2001 1999 1997 1995 1993 1991 0 1989 Barriles Equivalentes de Petróleo 60,000,000 MINAE Costa Rica: Im pacto en las em isiones de CO2 de las m edidas de ahorro y sustitución 18000000 16000000 14000000 12000000 Sust. Transp vehic y buses por TREM Sustitución Gas Natural en transporte Sustitución transp. Carga por Tren eléctrico Medidas de sustitución Medidas de ahorro A mejorar 10000000 8000000 6000000 4000000 2000000 0 Año Wedges: First Scenario MINAE Reducción de emisiones por sector Energía: 90% Agropecuario: 65% Proc. Industriales:25% Residuos: 100% Absorción: 45% The wedges represent the percentage of emissions reductions that each IPCC sector in Costa Rica must achieve in order to reach climate neutrality by 2021. Wedges: Second Scenario Reducción de emisiones por sector Energía: 70% Agropecuario: 55% Proc. Industriales: 20% Residuos: 95% Absorción: 72% MINAE Wedges: Third Scenario MINAE National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) MINAE National Agenda 4 3 Metrics Capacity building and technology transfer 1 2 Mitigation National Action Strategic Axes 5 Public awareness, education and culture change 6 Financing Adaptation MINAE 2 Adaptation Reduction of geographical and sectorial vulnerability Adaptation Strategic Axes MINAE Sectorial risk and vulnerability reduction to the impacts of climate change 7 1 Water Resources Biodiversity 6 2 Coastal Areas Preparing against disaster and risk management Adaptation Strategy: Key Sectors Agriculture and Livestock 5 3 Infrastructure Fishing 4 Health Adaptation Policy Framework (APF) MINAE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE PLAN Current Vulnerability Future Vulnerability Current Climate Climate Changfe 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 Prom 91-05 Current Risk from 2000 to 2021 Prom 91-10 Prom 91-15 Prom 91-20 Future Risk MAIN PROBLEM (GAP) ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR SOCIAL SECTOR IMPACTS ECONOMIC SECTOR Ongoing adaptation measures PRIORITIZED ADAPTATION MEASURES Policy revision and proposals ADAPTATION STRATEGY ACTION PLAN Identified adaptation measures MINAE La Nación Newspaper April 24, 2007 The Cachí Dam falls under the effects of the dry season. In just one week, its electricity production capability was reduced by one third. MINAE UBICACIÓN DE LA ZONA DE ESTUDIO MINAE Plan piloto INFLUENCIA INFLUENCIA CARIBE CARIBE Q Q V. V. BARVA BARVA ALAJUELA CORONADO CORONADO ALAJUELA MONTE HEREDIA MONTE DEL DEL AGUACATE AGUACATE Q Q HEREDIA ATENAS ATENAS INFLUENCIA INFLUENCIA PACIFICA PACIFICA Q Q V. V. IRAZU IRAZU Q Q MONTES MONTES DE DE ESCAZU ESCAZU Adaptation Strategic Axes Adaptation Assess the current and future system risk MINAE The main adaptation goal is to reduce vulnerability. Define objectives and prioritize adaptation measures Adaptation strategy Action Plan implementation Monitoring and follow-up National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) II. International Agenda MINAE National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) International Agenda 1 Exert international influence 3 4 Leadership Legitimacy International Strategic Axes 5 Presence in multilateral and bilateral forums 6 International capacity building 2 Attract foreign financial resources MINAE Climate Change National Strategy Leadership through example MINAE MINAE In response to the emerging effort to combat climate change, and following the proposal made by Roberto Dobles the Minister of Environment, Energy and Telecommunications of Costa Rica and President of UNEP's Governing Council, Council UNEP is launching a climate neutral network in order to empower action and catalyze this wave of interest and enthusiasm. The Bali Action Plan MINAE The Bali Action Plan (2007) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, initiated a process to build a new post-2012 international climate regime, when the Kyoto Protocol expires. One of the core aspects of the Bali Action Plan was the inclusion of market incentives for Reducing Emissions by Deforestation and Degradation (REDD), as well as the conservation and sustainable management of forests for carbon fixation. fixation This was a Costa Rican proposal in Bali, along with Papua New Guinea. Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático MINAE El Informe del IPCC del 2007: base científica física Presentación del Grupo de Trabajo I sobre el Cuarto Informe de Evaluación del IPCC Dr. R.K. Pachauri, Presidente del IPCC y Dr. Bubu Jallow, Primer Vicepresidente del Grupo de Trabajo I Nairobi, 6 Febrero 2007 Primer Congreso Americano de Biocombustibles - Argentina MINAE X Sesión Especial del Consejo de Administración Foro Global Ministerial del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente – MINAE Mónaco 20-22 Febrero, 2008 Yvo De Boer Secretario de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático, Robert Calcagno Canciller para temas de Ambiente - Mónaco y Dr. Roberto Dobles, Presidente del Consejo de Administración del Foro Global Ministerial del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente – Mónaco 20-22 Febrero, 2008 S.A.S. Príncipe de Mónaco, Alberto II y Dr. Roberto Dobles, Presidente del Consejo de Administración del Foro Global Ministerial del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente – Mónaco 20-22 Febrero, 2008 MINAE MINAE National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) MINAE International Agenda 1 Exert international influence 3 4 Leadership Legitimacy International Strategic Axes 5 Presence in multilateral and bilateral forums 6 International capacity building 2 Attract foreign financial resources MINAE UNDP supports Water Resources adaptation to climate change in Costa Rica Project name: “Improvement of national capacities for the evaluation of vulnerability and adaptation of the National Water Resources and Systems to climate change in Costa Rica” MINAE Amount donated for the project: $ 900.000,00 Time period: 2008 – 2010 Financial Source: UNDP Use: Adaptation Strategic Axis of the National Climate Change Strategy Ecomarkets II Project GLOBAL PROJECT FINANCING PLAN GEF DONATION US $ 10,000,000 WORLD BANK 30,000,000 GOVERNMENT (Costa Rica) 47,555,000 OTHERS (Sales of Carbon Projects) 2,748,500 TOTAL PROJECT FINANCING 90,303,500 MINAE MINAE UN World Environment Day UN World Environment Day MINAE • World Environment Day, commemorated each year on June 5. • It is one of the main actions through which the United Nations stimulates worldwide awareness of the environment and enhances political attention and action. Slogan for 2008 is Kick the Habit! Towards a Low Carbon Economy. • UNEP is asking countries, companies and communities to focus on greenhouse gas emissions and how to reduce them. MINAE National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) MINAE National Agenda 4 3 Metrics Capacity building and technology transfer 1 2 Mitigation National Action Strategic Axes 5 Public awareness, education and culture change 6 Financing Adaptation Mitigation Mitigation Subaxes MINAE Mitigation I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources II. CO2 capture and storage Carbon fixation through reforestation, with an integral vision (biodiversity, water resources, soil protection, scenic beauty, impact on communities, etc.) CO2 III. Carbon Markets (Emissions Compensation) A. National B. Internactonal MINAE Mitigation I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources GHG Reduction Projects by Sector Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock MINAE Mitigation 1 Energy I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Factors that determine emissions Factors that determine emissions GHG Intensity = MINAE GHG Emissions Economic Output (GDP) CO2 Intensity TARGET: INTENSITY, An Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Intensity Targets, TIMOTHY HERZOG, KEVIN A. BAUMERT and JONATHAN PERSHING, WORL RESOURCES INSTITUTE, W A S H I N G T O N , D C, USA, November 2006. Factors that determine emissions MINAE TARGET: INTENSITY, An Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Intensity Targets, TIMOTHY HERZOG, KEVIN A. BAUMERT and JONATHAN PERSHING, WORL RESOURCES INSTITUTE, W A S H I N G T O N , D C, USA, November 2006. Factors that determine emissions Carbon Intensity per Person = = Income per Person x x x x MINAE CO2 Intensity Fuente: The energy issue and the possible contribution of various nuclear energy production scenarios. H.Nifenecker, Scientific consultant LPSC/CNRS Chairman of « Sauvons le Climat » Factors that determine emissions MINAE Transportation (Energy Efficiency) (CO2 Intensity) A Wedge Analysis of the U.S. Transportation Sector, Simon Mui, Jeff Alson , Benjamin Ellies and David Ganss, Transportation and Climate Division Office of Transportation and Air Quality U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , EPA420-R-07-007 April 2007. CO2 / Energy CO2 intensities of different energy sources MINAE Carbon Content Co que de P etró leo CA RB ÓN M INERA L Otro s Residuo s Vegetales LEÑA Fuel Oil Diesel B agazo Naftas P ETROLEO B io diesel B -20 Kero sene Jet Fuel Gaso linas B io diesel B -100 Etano l E-10 Gas Licuado Etano l E-100 GA S NA TURA L 0,00 0,10 0,20 0,30 Ton CO2 / BEP BEP = Barriles equivalentes de petróleo Ton = Toneladas de CO2 Fuente: Dirección Sectorial de Energía, MINAE, con datos del IPCC y el IMN 0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70 MINAE A Wedge Analysis of the U.S. Transportation Sector, Simon Mui, Jeff Alson , Benjamin Ellies and David Ganss, Transportation and Climate Division Office of Transportation and Air Quality U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , EPA420-R-07-007 April 2007. 1 Energy Intensity of Costa Rica MINAE Energy BEP/10^3 US$ 1.600 1.400 1.200 1.000 0.86 0.800 0.600 0.400 0.200 2007* 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 0.000 * valores estimados La intensidad energética mide la cantidad de energía que se requiere para producir mil dólares de PIB. Costa Rica tiene valores similares a los de países desarrollados. Fuente: Dirección Sectorial de Energía con información del Banco central de Costa Rica CO2 Emissions in the Transportation Sector (Land) MINAE 2005 Tipo de v e híc ulo Transport Sector (Land) Equipo especial microbus familiar Taxis Microbus Púb. Motocicletas Autobuses jeep carga pesada carga liviana automóvil 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Emisiones de CO2 (millones de toneladas) diesel IMN gasolina 1.2 Carbon Intensity per Person (CO2 \ Npop ) vs Income per Person (GDP \ Npop ) MINAE (1996 – 2005) Emisiones de CO2 (ton per cápita) CO 2 \ Npop 12,00 10,00 8,00 6,00 4,00 2,00 Costa Rica 1990 Costa Rica Costa Rica 2000 0,00 0 2000 Costa Rica 1996 4000 2005 6000 8000 GDP \ Ncápita pop (US(Dólares) PIB per Fuente: IMN, 2006 adaptado de la 3era. Comunicación Nacional de México. 10000 12000 MINAE Mitigation 1 Energy Examples of specific actions in Costa Rica San Antonio Solar Power Network MINAE Goal: Gaining experience in design, operations, and maintenance. • • • • • Total power output: 7 kWh/day 46 panels Average operation time 11,4 hours/day Started in April 2005 Installation cost: US$ 20,000 Source: ICE Fuente: ICE 1 Electricity: Resource Potential Energy MINAE % Instalado Potencial Total Capacidad Remanente % % % % Bruto Real Instalada Total Real del Total Real Hidroeléctrico 25 500 93.8 6 377 90.5 1 290 84.8 5 087 92.1 20.23% Geotérmico 865 3.2 257 3.6 157 10.3 100 1.8 61.09% Eólico 600 2.2 274 3.9 66 4.3 208 3.8 24.09% Biomasa 209 0.8 139 2.0 8 0.5 131 2.4 5.76% TOTAL 27 174 100 7 047 100 1 521 100 5 526 100 21.58% Fuente Potencial Identificado 7 000 90 % Potencia (MW) 6 000 5 000 4 000 79,8% 3 000 2 000 1 000 20,2% 0 Hidroeléctrico Geotérmico Eólico Fuente Instalado Fuente: ICE, UEN CENPE Remanente Biomasa National Electricity Use by Sector Force Fuerza 27% MINAE Others Otros 13% Lighting Iluminación 18% Cooling Enfriamiento 22% Source: DSE, National Energy Balance, 2007 Cocción Cooking 20% 1 Energy ICE´s Energy-Saving Program MINAE Lamps: • Substitution from incandescent bulbs to compact fluorescent lamps. • First phase: The energy saving program will cost $1.5 million. o Goal is to substitute 750 thousand light bulbs in homes, 250 thousand of which will be donated by ICE. o Buy two, get one free. o In two months, ICE has already placed 180 thousand bulbs. Refrigeration: • Substitute 250 thousand old home refrigerators for new energy-saving units. • Refrigeration accounts for 18% of total national electric consumption, 14% of electricity use in homes. ICE´s Energy-Saving Program Click on frame to start movie MINAE MINAE Permanent Energy Conservation Teaching Center (CEPCE) Objectives: • Promote values, skills, attitudes, and knowledge among the population that encourage energy conservation practices and the use of renewable sources. • Organize workshops, forums, and other educational activities. • Main facility gives free Internet and library access. National Energy Award Objective Objective Stimulate Stimulateefficient efficient energy energyuse, use, substitution substitutionpractices, practices, use useof ofrenewable renewable sources, sources,and andbetter better consumption consumptionpolicies. policies. Established through Decreet No. 26542, 26 December, 1997 MINAE • In 2005, the award was given to the United Supermarkets Corporation for optimizing the use of air cooling and lighting systems inside its Hipermás supermarkets. • This has allowed to reduce the amount of energy required by the buildings and which would otherwise be inefficiently wasted. National Energy Award MINAE Ministerio del Ambiente y Energía, Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz, Cámara de Industrias de Costa Rica, Asociación para la Investigación y el Desarrollo en Energía y Ambiente Otorgan el Premio Nacional de Energía en la categoría INDUSTRIA para empresas de alto consumo de energía (Sector Público) a: INSTITUTO COSTARRICENSE DE ACUEDUCTOS Y ALCANTARILLADOS Por los esfuerzos realizados en pro de la Conservación de Energía y la Eficiencia Energética. Diciembre 2001 Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock 2 Projects to Reduce Fossil Fuel Use MINAE Transportation Optimize Public Transportation New Intersectorial Rutes Desamparados - Moravia Escazú - Hospital México Guadalupe - La Uruca Hatillo - Guadalupe Moravia - La Valencia Santa Ana - San Antonio - La Valencia Escazú - Alajuelita - San Sebastián Other New Rutes Central San Pedro - Curridabat San Francisco Desamparados Alajuelita - Paso Ancho - San Sebastián Escazú - Santa Ana Pavas La Uruca - Heredia Sur Tibás - Santo Domingo Guadalupe - Moravia 2 Projects to Reduce Fossil Fuel Use MINAE Transportation Metropolitan Electric Train (TREM) Stages TREM vs. Train Two journeys daily Stage I: (US$ 140 millon) Heredia – Pacific Station (three years) Monthly passengers: 72.000 Stage II: (US$80 millon) Pacific Station - Sabana. Atlantic Station - San Pedro. (five years) Ticket fee: ¢ 300 100 journeys daily Stage III: (US$300 millon) Heredia - Alajuela San Pedro - Cartago (fifteen years) Monthly passengers: 10.000.000 Ticket fee: ¢ 260 RECOPE´s Fuel-saving Educational Program Costa Rica and the Energy Crisis Fossil Fuel Price Components MINAE RECOPE´s Fuel-saving Educational Program Proper Vehicle Maintenance to Save Fuel Fuel Saving and Environment Protection MINAE Projects to Reduce Fossil Fuel Use 2 MINAE Transportation Centralized Traffic Light System Pavas – San Pedro Way Total time to travel 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 29 21 Key Features Total number of intersections: 325 Optimized intersections: 70 Percentage reduction in running time: 27 % Antes de Before Synchronization Sincronía Después de After Synchronization Sincronía Completion of optimization: May, 2008 Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock 2 Agriculture and Livestock C-Neutral Banana MINAE LIFE CYCLE AND EMISSIONS INVENTORY CO2, CH4, CO2 CO2 CO2 N2O Emissions Emissions Emissions LAND TRANSPORTATION SEA TRANSPORTATION FINAL PLACEMENT Emissions CULTIVATION 2 Agriculture and Livestock MINAE C-Neutral Banana Industry Magazine 2 Agriculture and Livestock C-Neutral Bananas and Pinneapples MINAE Dole Standard Fruit signs pioneer agreement to compensate carbon emissions •First agro-exporting company in Costa Rica with concrete actions in climate neutral processes. •Dole products are headed towards carbon neutral certification. April 28, 2008. Page 5 Operations Managers for Banana and Pineapple, Danilo Román and Renieri Núñez (right), respectively, signed the agreement accompanied by the Minister of Environment, Dr. Roberto Dobles, and Jorge Mario Rodríguez, FONAFIFO`s General Director (left). Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock 4 C-Neutral Businesses Industrial Fuel Switching from fossil fuel products to agricultural residues and waste materials: used oil, rice husk, wood dust, etc. 20.000 MT CO2/year avoided Lower GHG emission cements – between 1020% from the standard product. Manager during a seminar explaining CEMEX´s efforts on climate change. www.cemexcostarica.com MINAE Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock 5 Solid Waste C-Neutral Businesses MINAE A Government Executive Decree makes it mandatory to for Landfills to mitigate GHG. All Landfills must have the appropriate infrastructure to capture and use methane for electric energy production or any other use. Mitigation Strategy MINAE I. Reduction of GHG emissions by sources Mitigation 1 Energy 8 2 Land Use Change Transportation 7 3 Key Sectors Water Resources 6 4 Tourism Industrial 5 Solid Waste CO2 Agriculture and Livestock 6 C-Neutral Businesses Tourism Mr. Hans Pfister from Lapa Rios after signing the registry. Mrs. Millay Kogan sharing Lapa Rios C-Neutral initiatives during a seminar. www.laparios.com MINAE C-Neutral Businesses MINAE 9CO2 emission compensation from the office and vehicle (13.2 MT CO2e) 9100% compensation financing of our employees CO2 emissions from transportation (work related) and home electricity (33.5 MT CO2e) 9International travel compensation Mr. Will Aiello explaining the CNeutral initiatives involving the suppliers and employees in a seminar www.horizontes.com MINAE
