Traditional Food Preservation Pemmican and Vitamin C Food Preservation Food Preservation Ways to preserve food: Pemmican • Dried meat - pounded into coarse powder • Melted fat • Dried berries Drying Berries • Preservation method - prevents spoiling of berries - can eat berries all year long • Preserves vitamins and minerals Example: vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Vitamin C Titration Detecting Vitamin C in fruit Vitamin C titration No colour change! Colour change! + = Step 1: Gather supplies • • • • • • • • Berries Diluted tincture of iodine 1% (w/v) starch solution 2 cups Fork 2 eye droppers 2 small clear cups or test tubes Stir stick (e.g. straw or popsicle stick) Step 2:Mash berries • Add berries to cup • Mash berries up with fork Step 3: Mash berries (cont.) • Add an equivalent amount of water to the cup and continue to mash • Remove the pieces of skin and other large chunks Step 4: Aliquot berry juice • Separate the berry juice into two containers Step 5: Add starch solution • Add 10 drops of 1% starch solution per 0.5mL of berry juice and stir sample • Be sure to stir starch solution before use Step 6: Begin titration • Add one drop of the iodine solution to the sample you added the starch to. • Stir solution if colour change observed • If colour disappears continue to step 5 Step 7: Continue titration • Continue to add iodine one drop at a time • Stir solution after each drop is added • The titration is done when the colour change remains after stirring Step 8: Determine approximate Vitamin C concentration • Can you determine the concentration of Vitamin C in the berry juice? Step 9: Repeat Steps 2-8 • Repeat steps 2-8 using berries preserved using a different method (fresh, frozen, boiled, dried, juice) • Compare results between preservation methods - which berries require more drops of iodine? - what does this tell us about the different preservation methods?