2008 Physician Specialty Data
Center for Workforce Studies
November 2008
Association of
American Medical Colleges
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Key Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Commonly Used Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Practice Specialty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
List of Figures
Figure 1. Characteristics of Active Physicians in the United States, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Figure 2. Characteristics of Residents/Fellows in ACGME-Accredited Programs, 2007 . . . . . . . . . .7
Figure 3. Specialties with the Largest Number of Active Physicians, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Figure 4. Number of People per Active Physician by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Figure 5. Percentage of Active Physicians Who are Female by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Figure 6. Percentage of Active Physicians Who are Age 55 or Older by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . .14
Figure 7. Percentage of Active Physicians with a US Medical Doctorate (MD)
by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Figure 8. Percentage of Active Physicians with a Doctorate of Osteopathy (DO)
by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Figure 9. Percentage of Active Physicians with International Medical Degrees
by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Figure 10. Percentage of Active Physicians Practicing in the Same State
Where They Trained by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Figure 11. Percent Change in the Number of Active Physicians by Specialty, 1996-2006 . . . . . . .24
Figure 12. Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . .26
Figure 13. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows Who Are Female
by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Figure 14. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows Who Are Black, American Indian/Alaska
Native, or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Figure 15. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows Who Are Hispanic
by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Figure 16. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a U.S. M.D. by Specialty, August 2007 34
Figure 17. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a D.O. by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . .36
© 2008 AAMC. May not be reproduced without permission.
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 18. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with International Medical Degrees
by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Figure 19. Percent Change in Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows
by Specialty, 2002-2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
List of Tables
Table 1. Number of Physicians in the Largest Specialties by Major Professional Activity, 2007 . . .9
Table 2. Number of People per Active Physician by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Table 3. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians by Sex and Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Table 4. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians by Age and Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Table 5. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians with
US Medical Doctorates (MD) by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Table 6. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians with a Doctorate
of Osteopathy (D.O.) Degree by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Table 7. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians who Graduated
from an International Medical School by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Table 8. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians Practicing in the State Where They
Completed Graduated Medical Education (GME) by Specialty, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Table 9. Percent Change in the Number of Active Physicians by Specialty, 1996-2006 . . . . . . . . .25
Table 10. Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . .27
Table 11. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows by Sex and
Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Table 12. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows by Race and Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . .31
Table 13. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows by Hispanic
Origin and Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Table 14. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a
U.S. M.D. by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Table 15. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a D.O.
by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Table 16. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows who Graduated from an
International Medical School by Specialty, August 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Table 17. Percent Change in Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows
by Specialty, 2002-2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Introduction
This publication, prepared by the Association of American Medical Colleges’ Center for Workforce Studies, provides
detailed statistics about active physicians and physicians in training in the specialties with the largest number of active
physicians (i.e., specialties with more than 2,500 active physicians).
This report is an update and expansion of the 2006 Key Specialty Data: A Chart Book. An important addition to the
report is a set of tables containing the data that are presented visually in the figures. This report is a companion to the
2007 State Physician Workforce Data Book, which presents data at the state level. Physician Specialty Data will be updated
and published biennially.
Effective decision making, whether at the national, regional, local or individual level, requires accurate information. This
report is intended to provide the medical education community, specialty associations, health researchers, policy makers,
and the public with data to better understand physician workforce trends and dynamics to inform their decision making.
The primary data sources for this report include:
• The American Medical Association (AMA) Physician Masterfile (January 2008); ©2008 by the American Medical
Association
• Population estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau; and
• The AAMC/AMA National GME Census.
Edward Salsberg, MPA
Director
Center for Workforce Studies
Kerri L. Rivers, MS
Senior Data Analyst
Center for Workforce Studies
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our appreciation to our AAMC colleagues for their collaborative efforts, with additional thanks
to the AMA for making the Masterfile data available to the AAMC for purposes of data analysis.
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Key Definitions
Active physicians: Physicians (federal and non-federal) who are licensed by a state are considered active, provided they
are working at least 20 hours per week. Physicians who are retired, semi-retired, temporarily not in practice, not active for
other reasons, or who have not completed their graduate medical education are excluded. Active physicians include those
working in direct patient care, administration, medical teaching, research, or other non-patient care activities. Active
physicians include physicians with a Doctorate of Medicine (M.D.) and physicians with a Doctorate of Osteopathy
(D.O.). The total number of active physicians may differ between tables in this report, as a result of missing information
in the data file. For example, to determine the percentage of active physicians who are female, the total number of active
physicians excludes people whose gender was not reported in the data file.
US M.D.: Physicians who received their Doctorate of Medicine from a U.S. allopathic medical school.
D.O.: Physicians who received their Doctor of Osteopathy from a U.S. osteopathic school.
First-year residents/fellows: Physicians who are in their first year of graduate medical education (GME) in their
specialty are considered first year residents or fellows. In some cases, the resident or fellow may have had prior GME
training in a different specialty.
International medical graduate: An individual with an M.D. or related degree who graduated from a medical school
outside the United States or Canada is considered an international medical graduate (IMG). This includes U.S. citizens
who have gone outside of the United States to attend medical school. To be eligible for licensure and practice in the
United States, all IMGs must complete accredited graduate training in the United States or its equivalent.
Commonly Used Acronyms
AAMC
Association of American Medical Colleges
ACGME
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
AMA
American Medical Association
D.O.
Doctor of Osteopathy
GME
Graduate medical education
IMG
International medical graduate
M.D.
Doctor of Medicine
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Practice Specialty
This report presents data on the specialties with the largest number of active physicians in 2007, defined as having more
than 2,500 active physicians. Specialty designations for active physicians rely on the primary specialty selected by the
physician on the Census of Physicians, which is administered by the AMA. Specialty designations for residents and
fellows reflect the ACGME training program in which the physician is training.
The AMA Physician Masterfile lists more than 200 specialty categories and there are more than 140 ACGME specialties
and subspecialties. To give a comprehensive and informative view of the specialty category, we grouped some related
specialties together. Due to differences in the specialty designations between the AMA Physician Masterfile and the
ACGME, specialty groupings for active physicians and trainees are as indicated below.
Specialty In This Report
AMA Physician Masterfile
Specialties Included
ACGME Specialties and
Subspecialties Included
Allergy & Immunology
Allergy
Allergy and Immunology
Immunology
Allergy and Immunology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Anatomic Pathology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Chemical Pathology
Clinical Pathology
Chemical Pathology (Pathology)
Pathology-Anatomic & Clinical
Anesthesiology
Anesthesiology
Anesthesiology
Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Pediatrics/Psych/Child & Adolescent Psych
Dermatology
Dermatology
Dermatology
Emergency Medicine
Emergency Medicine
Emergency Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes &
Metabolism
Diabetes
Endocrinology, Diabetes &
Metabolism
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Family Medicine/General Practice
Family Medicine
General Practice
Family Medicine
Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology
Gastroenterology
General Surgery
General Surgery
General Surgery
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2008 Physician Specialty Data
Geriatric Medicine
Geriatric Medicine (Family Practice) Geriatric Medicine (Family Practice)
Geriatric Medicine (Internal Medicine) Geriatric Medicine (Internal Medicine)
Hematology & Oncology
Hematology (Internal Medicine)
Medical Oncology
Hematology and Oncology
(Internal Medicine)
Hematology/Oncology
Hematology (Internal Medicine)
Oncology (Internal Medicine)
Infectious Disease
Infectious Disease
Infectious Disease
Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine/Family Practice
Internal Medicine/ Pediatrics
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Nephrology
Nephrology
Nephrology
Neurological Surgery
Neurological Surgery
Neurological Surgery
Neurology
Neurology
Neurology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Gynecology
Obstetrics
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology
Orthopedic Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology
Otolaryngology
Pediatrics
Pediatrics
Pediatrics
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Plastic Surgery
Facial Plastic Surgery
Plastic Surgery
Plastic Surgery Within
The Head & Neck
Plastic Surgery
Preventive Medicine
Aerospace Medicine
General Preventive Medicine
Occupational Medicine
Public Health & General
Preventive Medicine
Preventive Medicine
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Psychiatry
Addiction Medicine
Psychiatry
Psychoanalysis
Psychosomatic Medicine
Addiction Psychiatry (Psychiatry)
Addiction Psychiatry
Psychiatry
Psychosomatic Medicine (Psychiatry)
Pulmonary Disease & Critical
Care Medicine
Critical Care Medicine (Internal
Medicine)
Pulmonary & Critical Care
Medicine
Pulmonary Disease
Critical Care Medicine (Internal Medicine)
Pulmonary Disease (Internal Medicine)
Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care
Medicine (Internal Medicine)
Radiation Oncology
Radiation Oncology
Radiation Oncology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Diagnostic Radiology
Radiology-Diagnostic
Radiology
Rheumatology
Rheumatology
Rheumatology
Thoracic Surgery
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Cardiovascular Surgery
Thoracic Surgery
Congenital Cardiac Surgery (Thoracic
Surgery)
Thoracic Surgery
Urology
Urology
Urology
Vascular Surgery
Vascular Surgery
Vascular Surgery (General Surgery)
Vascular Surgery-Integrated
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 1. Characteristics of Active Physicians in the United States, 2007
100%
80%
Female
216,095
28.3%
55 or
Older
287,095
37.6%
IMG
183,643
24.0%
Not
Practicing
in State
of GME
380,024
52.6%
DO
50,038
6.5%
60%
40%
Male
548,688
71.7%
54 or
Younger
477,244
62.4%
US MD
532,013
69.5%
Practicing
in State
of GME
342,734
47.4%
20%
0%
Sex*
Age+
Medical School Type
In-State GME
Retention++
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
* Excludes 905 active physicians whose sex is unknown.
+ Excludes 916 active physicians whose age is unknown.
++ Excludes 42,930 active physicians whose graduate medical education information is unknown.
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 2. Characteristics of Residents/Fellows in ACGME-Accredited Programs, 2007
100%
90%
80%
Other
6,045, 6.3%
IMG
29,461
27.5%
Female
47,836
44.6%
DO
6,892, 6.4%
70%
White
57,000
59.8%
60%
Not
Hispanic
65,182
90.1%
50%
40%
30%
Male
59,403
55.4%
US MD
70,799
66.1%
Black
5,984
6.3%
20%
Asian
26,223
27.5%
10%
Hispani c
7,178
9.9%
0%
Sex*
Race+
Hispanic Origin**
Medical School
Type++
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
* Excludes 280 residents/fellows whose sex is unknown.
+ Excludes 12,267 residents/fellows whose race is unknown. Other includes American Indian/Alaska Native,
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and Other race. People of any race can also be Hispanic.
** Excludes 35,159 residents/fellows whose Hispanic origin status is unknown. People of Hispanic origin
can be any race.
++ Excludes 4 residents whose medical school is unknown. Not shown here are 353 residents/fellows
who graduated from Canadian medical schools and 10 who graduated in the Fifth Pathway program.
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2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 3. Specialties with the Largest Number of Active Physicians, 2007
Internal Medicine
Family Medicine/General Practice
Pediatrics
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Psychiatry
Anesthesiology
Emergency Medicine
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
General Surgery
Cardiovascular Disease
Orthopedic Surgery
Ophthalmology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Neurology
Gastroenterology
Hematology & Oncology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Dermatology
Urology
Otolaryngology
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Nephrology
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Preventive Medicine
Plastic Surgery
Infectious Disease
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Neurological Surgery
Thoracic Surgery
Rheumatology
Allergy & Immunology
Radiation Oncology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Geriatric Medicine
Primary Care
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Vascular Surgery
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
100,000
110,000
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 1. Number of Physicians in the Largest Specialties by Major Professional Activity, 2007
Specialty
Alle rgy & I mmunology
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
Ane s the s iology
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
D e rma tology
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Family Medicine/General Practice
G a s troe nte rology
G e ne ra l S urge ry
G e ria tric Me dic ine
H e ma tology & O nc ology
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
I nte rna l Me dic ine
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
N e phrology
N e urologic a l S urge ry
N e urology
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
O phtha lmology
O rthope dic S urge ry
O tola ry ngology
P e dia tric s
P hy s ic a l Me dic ine & R e ha bilita tion
P la s tic S urge ry
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
P s y c hia try
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
R a dia tion O nc ology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
R he uma tology
T hora c ic S urge ry
U rology
V a s c ula r S urge ry
Total
Active
Physicians
Patient
Care
Teaching
4,222
15,568
38,724
21,511
7,312
10,390
30,742
5,448
103,315
12,086
26,769
3,769
11,802
6,424
104,904
3,183
4,054
7,550
4,921
12,620
39,689
17,846
20,032
9,220
54,061
8,084
6,671
7,084
39,371
11,567
4,209
27,562
4,568
4,820
9,916
2,610
3,594
11,898
35,461
19,476
6,318
9,799
27,981
4,112
95,627
10,998
22,852
2,995
9,584
4,567
91,457
2,714
3,299
6,359
4,480
10,597
36,827
16,616
18,912
8,711
48,111
7,168
6,307
4,224
33,935
9,829
3,896
24,899
3,786
4,388
9,308
2,392
42
346
514
322
141
82
312
150
1,618
167
278
94
172
231
1,296
38
109
128
46
217
466
129
135
86
850
48
49
166
577
258
30
368
104
53
81
38
Research
336
672
235
698
128
108
96
630
259
328
174
116
997
753
1,613
19
206
387
39
713
197
142
78
31
761
51
23
559
865
464
38
186
284
66
52
18
Other*
250
2,652
2,514
1,015
725
401
2,353
556
5,811
593
3,465
564
1,049
873
10,538
412
440
676
356
1,093
2,199
959
907
392
4,339
817
292
2,135
3,994
1,016
245
2,109
394
313
475
162
* Other includes physicians whose self-designated major professional activity was "Administration," "Not Classified," or "Other."
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 4. Number of People per Active Physician by Specialty,* 2007
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Radiation Oncology
Allergy & Immunology
Rheumatology
Thoracic Surgery
Neurological Surgery
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Infectious Disease
Plastic Surgery
Preventive Medicine
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Nephrology
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Otolaryngology
Urology
Dermatology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Hematology & Oncology
Gastroenterology
Neurology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Ophthalmology
Orthopedic Surgery
Cardiovascular Disease
General Surgery
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Emergency Medicine
Anesthesiology
Psychiatry
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Pediatrics
Primary Care
Family Medicine/General Practice
Internal Medicine
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
* Geriatric medicine, internal medicine/pediatrics, and vascular surgery are not shown in this figure,
but are included in Table 2.
Sources: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008) and Annual Estimates of the Population for the
United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (NST-EST2007-01).
Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau.
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Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 2. Number of People per Active Physician by Speciality, 2007
Specialty
Alle rgy & I mmunology
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
Ane s the s iology
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
D e rma tology
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
E ndoc rinology , D ia be te s & Me ta bolis m
F a mily Me dic ine /G e ne ra l P ra c tic e
G a s troe nte rology
G e ne ra l S urge ry
Geriatric Medicine
H e ma tology & O nc ology
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
I nte rna l Me dic ine
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
N e phrology
N e urologic a l S urge ry
N e urology
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
O phtha lmology
O rthope dic S urge ry
O tola ry ngology
P e dia tric s
P hy s ic a l Me dic ine & R e ha bilita tion
P la s tic S urge ry
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
P s y c hia try
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
R a dia tion O nc ology
R a diology & D ia gnos tic R a diology
R he uma tology
T hora c ic S urge ry
U rology
Vascular Surgery
Total Active
Physicians
4,222
15,568
38,724
21,511
7,312
10,390
30,742
5,448
103,315
12,086
26,769
3,069
11,802
6,424
104,904
3,183
4,054
7,550
4,921
12,620
39,689
17,846
20,032
9,220
54,061
8,084
6,671
7,084
39,371
11,567
4,209
27,562
4,568
4,820
9,916
2,610
People Per
Physician
71,440
19,374
7,789
14,022
41,250
29,030
9,811
55,364
2,919
24,956
11,268
8,027
25,557
46,952
2,875
94,760
74,401
39,950
61,293
23,900
7,600
16,901
15,057
32,714
5,579
37,311
45,214
42,578
7,661
26,076
71,661
10,943
66,029
62,577
30,418
115,564
Sources: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008) and Annual Estimates of the
Population for the United States, Regions, States and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July
2007 (NST_EST2007-01). Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau.
I 11 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 5. Percentage of Active Physicians Who are Female by Specialty, 2007
Pediatrics
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Geriatric Medicine
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Dermatology
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation
Infectious Disease
Rheumatology
Psychiatry
Internal Medicine
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Family Medicine/General Practice
Allergy And Immunology
Preventive Medicine
Hematology and Oncology
Radiation Oncology
Neurology
Average = 28.3%
Anesthesiology
Emergency Medicine
Nephrology
Radiology and Diagnostic Radiology
Ophthalmology
Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine
General Surgery
Plastic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Gastroenterology
Cardiovascular Disease
Vascular Surgery
Neurological Surgery
Urology
Primary Care
Thoracic Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 12 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 3. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians by Sex and Specialty, 2007
Specialty
Total Active
P hys ic ians
Male
Number Percent
All S pe c ia ltie s
764,783
548,688
Alle rgy & I mmunology
4,220
3,064
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
15,562
10,561
Ane s the s iology
38,691
30,176
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
21,497
19,418
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
7,310
3,961
D e rma tology
10,385
6,421
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
30,718
24,122
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
5,441
3,527
Family Medicine/General Practice
103,182
70,854
G a s troe nte rology
12,083
10,749
G e ne ra l S urge ry
26,751
23,116
G e ria tric Me dic ine
3,767
2,122
H e ma tology & O nc ology
11,789
8,837
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
6,415
4,282
I nte rna l Me dic ine
104,699
70,982
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
3,182
1,655
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
4,053
2,334
N e phrology
7,543
5,935
N e urologic a l S urge ry
4,918
4,641
N e urology
12,612
9,689
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
39,665
22,528
O phtha lmology
17,841
14,597
O rthope dic S urge ry
20,028
19,306
O tola ry ngology
9,218
8,184
P e dia tric s
54,016
24,097
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
8,068
5,364
P la s tic S urge ry
6,670
5,876
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
7,080
5,150
P s y c hia try
39,355
26,466
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
11,558
9,775
R a dia tion O nc ology
4,208
3,205
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
27,550
21,821
R he uma tology
4,559
3,058
T hora c ic S urge ry
4,820
4,639
U rology
9,915
9,452
V a s c ula r S urge ry
2,609
2,426
Note: Figures exclude 905 active physicians for whom sex was not indicated.
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 13 I
71.7
72.6
67.9
78.0
90.3
54.2
61.8
78.5
64.8
68.7
89.0
86.4
56.3
75.0
66.7
67.8
52.0
57.6
78.7
94.4
76.8
56.8
81.8
96.4
88.8
44.6
66.5
88.1
72.7
67.2
84.6
76.2
79.2
67.1
96.2
95.3
93.0
Female
Number
P erc ent
216,095
1,156
5,001
8,515
2,079
3,349
3,964
6,596
1,914
32,328
1,334
3,635
1,645
2,952
2,133
33,717
1,527
1,719
1,608
277
2,923
17,137
3,244
722
1,034
29,919
2,704
794
1,930
12,889
1,783
1,003
5,729
1,501
181
463
183
28.3
27.4
32.1
22.0
9.7
45.8
38.2
21.5
35.2
31.3
11.0
13.6
43.7
25.0
33.3
32.2
48.0
42.4
21.3
5.6
23.2
43.2
18.2
3.6
11.2
55.4
33.5
11.9
27.3
32.8
15.4
23.8
20.8
32.9
3.8
4.7
7.0
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 6. Percentage of Active Physicians Who are Age 55 or Older by Specialty, 2007
Preventive Medicine
Psychiatry
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Allergy & Immunology
Thoracic Surgery
Urology
Orthopedic Surgery
Cardiovascular Disease
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Rheumatology
Plastic Surgery
General Surgery
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Otolaryngology
Neurology
Ophthalmology
Neurological Surgery
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Dermatology
Hematology & Oncology
Average = 37.6%
Gastroenterology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Vascular Surgery
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Family Medicine/General Practice
Radiation Oncology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Nephrology
Pediatrics
Anesthesiology
Internal Medicine
Infectious Disease
Emergency Medicine
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Primary Care
Geriatric Medicine
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 14 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 4. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians by Age and Specialty, 2007
Specialty
Total Active
Physicians
Under Age 55
Number
Percent
All Specialties
764,772
477,244
Alle rgy & I mmunology
4,222
2,152
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
15,568
7,347
Ane s the s iology
38,724
25,771
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
21,511
11,912
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
7,312
4,335
D e rma tology
10,390
6,173
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
30,742
21,510
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
5,448
3,165
Family Medicine/General Practice
103,315
65,388
G a s troe nte rology
12,086
7,370
G e ne ra l S urge ry
26,769
15,426
G e ria tric Me dic ine
3,769
2,798
H e ma tology & O nc ology
11,802
7,080
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
6,424
4,428
I nte rna l Me dic ine
104,904
71,041
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
3,183
3,114
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
4,054
2,548
N e phrology
7,550
4,965
N e urologic a l S urge ry
4,921
2,890
N e urology
12,620
7,384
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
39,689
24,418
O phtha lmology
17,846
10,470
O rthope dic S urge ry
20,032
10,825
O tola ry ngology
9,220
5,392
P e dia tric s
54,061
35,917
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
8,084
5,889
P la s tic S urge ry
6,671
3,790
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
7,084
3,109
P s y c hia try
39,371
17,926
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
11,567
7,522
R a dia tion O nc ology
4,209
2,687
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
27,562
15,423
R he uma tology
4,568
2,595
T hora c ic S urge ry
4,820
2,482
U rology
9,916
5,186
V a s c ula r S urge ry
2,610
1,639
Note: Figures exclude 916 active physicians whose age is unknown.
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 15 I
62.4
51.0
47.2
66.6
55.4
59.3
59.4
70.0
58.1
63.3
61.0
57.6
74.2
60.0
68.9
67.7
97.8
62.9
65.8
58.7
58.5
61.5
58.7
54.0
58.5
66.4
72.8
56.8
43.9
45.5
65.0
63.8
56.0
56.8
51.5
52.3
62.8
Age 55 or Older
Number
Percent
287,528
2,070
8,221
12,953
9,599
2,977
4,217
9,232
2,283
37,927
4,716
11,343
971
4,722
1,996
33,863
69
1,506
2,585
2,031
5,236
15,271
7,376
9,207
3,828
18,144
2,195
2,881
3,975
21,445
4,045
1,522
12,139
1,973
2,338
4,730
971
37.6
49.0
52.8
33.4
44.6
40.7
40.6
30.0
41.9
36.7
39.0
42.4
25.8
40.0
31.1
32.3
2.2
37.1
34.2
41.3
41.5
38.5
41.3
46.0
41.5
33.6
27.2
43.2
56.1
54.5
35.0
36.2
44.0
43.2
48.5
47.7
37.2
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 7. Percentage of Active Physicians with a US Medical Doctorate (MD) by Specialty, 2007
Dermatology
Ophthalmology
Orthopedic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Plastic Surgery
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Neurological Surgery
Urology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Emergency Medicine
Vascular Surgery
Preventive Medicine
Radiation Oncology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Thoracic Surgery
General Surgery
Allergy & Immunology
Rheumatology
Gastroenterology
Average =
69.5%
Infectious Disease
Pediatrics
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Cardiovascular Disease
Anesthesiology
Psychiatry
Hematology & Oncology
Neurology
Family Medicine/General Practice
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Internal Medicine
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Primary
Care
Nephrology
Geriatric Medicine
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 16 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 5. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians with a U.S. Medical Doctorate (M.D.) by Specialty, 2007
Specialty
All S pe c ia ltie s
Alle rgy & I mmunology
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
Ane s the s iology
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
D e rma tology
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Family Medicine/General Practice
G a s troe nte rology
G e ne ra l S urge ry
G e ria tric Me dic ine
H e ma tology & O nc ology
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
I nte rna l Me dic ine
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
N e phrology
N e urologic a l S urge ry
N e urology
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
O phtha lmology
O rthope dic S urge ry
O tola ry ngology
P e dia tric s
P hy s ic a l Me dic ine & R e ha bilita tion
P la s tic S urge ry
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
P s y c hia try
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
R a dia tion O nc ology
R a diology & D ia gnos tic R a diology
R he uma tology
T hora c ic S urge ry
U rology
V a s c ula r S urge ry
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 17 I
Total Active
Physicians
765,688
4,222
15,568
38,724
21,511
7,312
10,390
30,742
5,448
103,315
12,086
26,769
3,769
11,802
6,424
104,904
3,183
4,054
7,550
4,921
12,620
39,689
17,846
20,032
9,220
54,061
8,084
6,671
7,084
39,371
11,567
4,209
27,562
4,568
4,820
9,916
2,610
Active
US M.D.s
532,013
3,076
10,091
25,804
14,444
4,915
9,346
25,161
3,527
67,464
8,500
19,917
1,869
7,806
4,488
62,761
2,688
2,337
4,272
4,137
8,313
31,218
16,015
17,718
8,005
37,422
4,854
5,786
5,654
26,108
7,332
3,335
22,687
3,226
3,703
8,188
2,130
Percent
69.5
72.9
64.8
66.6
67.1
67.2
90.0
81.8
64.7
65.3
70.3
74.4
49.6
66.1
69.9
59.8
84.4
57.6
56.6
84.1
65.9
78.7
89.7
88.4
86.8
69.2
60.0
86.7
79.8
66.3
63.4
79.2
82.3
70.6
76.8
82.6
81.6
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 8. Percentage of Active Physicians with a Doctorate of Osteopathy (DO) by Specialty, 2007
Family Medicine/General Practice
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Emergency Medicine
Preventive Medicine
Anesthesiology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Geriatric Medicine
Internal Medicine
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Orthopedic Surgery
Neurology
Dermatology
Rheumatology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Otolaryngology
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Nephrology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Pediatrics
Average = 6.5%
Psychiatry
General Surgery
Cardiovascular Disease
Gastroenterology
Vascular Surgery
Infectious Disease
Allergy & Immunology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Hematology & Oncology
Ophthalmology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Urology
Radiation Oncology
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Neurological Surgery
Primary Care
Thoracic Surgery
Plastic Surgery
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 18 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 6. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians with a D.O. by Speciality, 2007
(D.O.) Degree by Specialty, 2007
Specialty
Total Active
Physicians
Active D.O.s
All S pe c ia ltie s
765,688
Alle rgy & I mmunology
4,222
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
15,568
Ane s the s iology
38,724
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
21,511
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
7,312
D e rma tology
10,390
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
30,742
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
5,448
Family Medicine/General Practice
103,315
G a s troe nte rology
12,086
G e ne ra l S urge ry
26,769
G e ria tric Me dic ine
3,769
H e ma tology & O nc ology
11,802
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
6,424
I nte rna l Me dic ine
104,904
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
3,183
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
4,054
N e phrology
7,550
N e urologic a l S urge ry
4,921
N e urology
12,620
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
39,689
O phtha lmology
17,846
O rthope dic S urge ry
20,032
O tola ry ngology
9,220
P e dia tric s
54,061
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
8,084
P la s tic S urge ry
6,671
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
7,084
P s y c hia try
39,371
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
11,567
R a dia tion O nc ology
4,209
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
27,562
R he uma tology
4,568
T hora c ic S urge ry
4,820
U rology
9,916
V a s c ula r S urge ry
2,610
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 19 I
50,038
106
304
2,127
655
256
413
3,228
84
16,914
366
846
181
278
162
4,856
143
101
261
70
507
1,908
385
879
343
1,792
889
68
569
1,263
433
75
920
178
66
190
72
Percent
6.5
2.5
2.0
5.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
10.5
1.5
16.4
3.0
3.2
4.8
2.4
2.5
4.6
4.5
2.5
3.5
1.4
4.0
4.8
2.2
4.4
3.7
3.3
11.0
1.0
8.0
3.2
3.7
1.8
3.3
3.9
1.4
1.9
2.8
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 9. Percentage of Active Physicians with International Medical Degrees by Specialty, 2007
Geriatric Medicine
Nephrology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Hematology & Oncology
Psychiatry
Neurology
Cardiovascular Disease
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Anesthesiology
Infectious Disease
Pediatrics
Gastroenterology
Rheumatology
Allergy & Immunology
Average = 24.0%
General Surgery
Thoracic Surgery
Radiation Oncology
Family Medicine/General Practice
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Vascular Surgery
Urology
Neurological Surgery
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Plastic Surgery
Preventive Medicine
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Otolaryngology
Ophthalmology
Emergency Medicine
Primary Care
Orthopedic Surgery
Dermatology
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 20 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 7. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians who Graduated from an International Medical School by
g
y
Specialty, 2007
International Medical School by Specialty, 2007
Specialty
Total Active
Physicians
Active IMGs
Percent
All S pe c ia ltie s
765,673
183,643
24.0
Alle rgy & I mmunology
4,222
1,040
24.6
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
15,568
5,173
33.2
Ane s the s iology
38,724
10,793
27.9
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
21,511
6,412
29.8
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
7,312
2,141
29.3
D e rma tology
10,390
631
6.1
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
30,742
2,354
7.7
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
5,448
1,837
33.7
Family Medicine/General Practice
103,315
18,941
18.3
G a s troe nte rology
12,086
3,220
26.6
G e ne ra l S urge ry
26,769
6,006
22.4
G e ria tric Me dic ine
3,769
1,719
45.6
H e ma tology & O nc ology
11,802
3,718
31.5
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
6,424
1,774
27.6
I nte rna l Me dic ine
104,900
37,288
35.5
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
3,183
352
11.1
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
4,054
1,616
39.9
N e phrology
7,550
3,017
40.0
N e urologic a l S urge ry
4,921
714
14.5
N e urology
12,620
3,800
30.1
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
39,689
6,565
16.5
O phtha lmology
17,846
1,446
8.1
O rthope dic S urge ry
20,032
1,436
7.2
O tola ry ngology
9,220
872
9.5
P e dia tric s
54,061
14,848
27.5
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
8,084
2,341
29.0
P la s tic S urge ry
6,671
817
12.2
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
7,084
861
12.2
P s y c hia try
39,370
11,999
30.5
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
11,567
3,802
32.9
R a dia tion O nc ology
4,209
799
19.0
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
27,562
3,955
14.3
R he uma tology
4,568
1,164
25.5
T hora c ic S urge ry
4,820
1,051
21.8
U rology
9,916
1,538
15.5
V a s c ula r S urge ry
2,610
408
15.6
Note: Excludes 5 active physicians whose medical school information is unknown. Graduates of
Canadian medical schools are also excluded.
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 21 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 10. Percentage of Active Physicians Practicing in the Same State Where They Trained by Specialty, 2007
Psychiatry
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Family Medicine/General Practice
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Geriatric Medicine
Internal Medicine
Pediatrics
Anesthesiology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Infectious Disease
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Emergency Medicine
Rheumatology
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Nephrology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
General Surgery
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Dermatology
Average = 47.4%
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Hematology & Oncology
Gastroenterology
Neurology
Cardiovascular Disease
Preventive Medicine
Allergy & Immunology
Ophthalmology
Urology
Orthopedic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Radiation Oncology
Vascular Surgery
Plastic Surgery
Primary Care
Neurological Surgery
Thoracic Surgery
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 22 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 8. Number and Percentage of Active Physicians Practicing in the State Where They Completed Graduate Medical
Education (GME)
by Specialty,
2007 Medical Education (GME) by Specialty, 2007
They Completed
Graduate
Specialty
Total Active
Physicians
Practicing in
Same State
as GME
Percent
All Specialties
722,758
342,734
47.4
Alle rgy & I mmunology
4,090
1,625
39.7
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
15,186
7,115
46.9
Ane s the s iology
37,636
17,971
47.7
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
20,869
8,611
41.3
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
7,260
4,049
55.8
D e rma tology
10,157
4,410
43.4
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
29,226
13,180
45.1
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
5,223
2,335
44.7
Family Medicine/General Practice
92,044
51,132
55.6
G a s troe nte rology
11,800
4,992
42.3
G e ne ra l S urge ry
26,021
11,541
44.4
G e ria tric Me dic ine
3,639
1,956
53.8
H e ma tology & O nc ology
11,441
4,937
43.2
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
6,310
2,966
47.0
I nte rna l Me dic ine
102,275
53,984
52.8
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
3,179
1,718
54.0
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
3,959
1,714
43.3
N e phrology
7,343
3,262
44.4
N e urologic a l S urge ry
4,767
1,566
32.9
N e urology
12,331
5,095
41.3
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
38,751
18,381
47.4
O phtha lmology
17,375
6,711
38.6
O rthope dic S urge ry
19,254
7,364
38.2
O tola ry ngology
8,942
3,395
38.0
P e dia tric s
53,101
27,052
50.9
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
7,974
3,486
43.7
P la s tic S urge ry
6,530
2,260
34.6
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
6,633
2,734
41.2
P s y c hia try
38,669
21,643
56.0
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
11,321
5,028
44.4
R a dia tion O nc ology
4,110
1,461
35.5
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
26,801
11,697
43.6
R he uma tology
4,444
1,993
44.8
T hora c ic S urge ry
4,678
1,509
32.3
U rology
9,709
3,727
38.4
V a s c ula r S urge ry
2,556
898
35.1
Note: Total active physicians are those active anywhere in the United States. Figures exclude 42,930
active physicians whose GME program information is unknown.
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 23 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 11. Percent Change in the Number of Active Physicians by Specialty, 1996-2006
Geriatric Medicine
Nephrology
Emergency Medicine
Infectious Disease
Vascular Surgery
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Hematology & Oncology
Pediatrics
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Gastroenterology
Rheumatology
Neurology
Dermatology
Family Medicine/General Practice
Radiation Oncology
Plastic Surgery
Anesthesiology
Cardiovascular Disease
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Otolaryngology
Allergy & Immunology
Neurological Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery
Urology
Psychiatry
Ophthalmology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Thoracic Surgery
Primary Care
Preventive Medicine
General Surgery
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Source: AMA Physician Masterfile (January 2008)
I 24 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 9. Percent Change in the Number of Active Physicians by Specialty, 1996-2006
Specialt y
Total Active Physicians
1996
2006
Percent
Change
All S pe c ia ltie s
641,423
824,802
28.6
Alle rgy & I mmunology
3,569
3,906
9.4
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
13,924
14,172
1.8
Ane s the s iology
28,858
34,420
19.3
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
17,369
20,336
17.1
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
5,109
6,677
30.7
D e rma tology
7,907
9,628
21.8
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
17,191
25,617
49.0
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
3,798
4,926
29.7
Family Medicine/General Practice
70,103
84,280
20.2
G a s troe nte rology
8,915
11,210
25.7
G e ne ra l S urge ry
24,080
23,532
-2.3
G e ria tric Me dic ine
1,724
3,158
83.2
H e ma tology & O nc ology
7,995
10,690
33.7
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
3,868
5,679
46.8
I nte rna l Me dic ine
71,167
92,652
30.2
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s *
114
2,564
2149.1
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
2,758
3,609
30.9
N e phrology
4,462
6,680
49.7
N e urologic a l S urge ry
4,258
4,565
7.2
N e urology
9,282
11,333
22.1
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
31,954
36,432
14.0
O phtha lmology
15,990
16,748
4.7
O rthope dic S urge ry
17,546
18,727
6.7
O tola ry ngology
7,663
8,644
12.8
P e dia tric s
37,878
49,899
31.7
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
4,824
6,776
40.5
P la s tic S urge ry
5,304
6,345
19.6
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
6,471
6,384
-1.3
P s y c hia try
34,090
36,204
6.2
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
7,677
10,335
34.6
R a dia tion O nc ology
3,264
3,918
20.0
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
22,472
25,397
13.0
R he uma tology
3,299
4,102
24.3
T hora c ic S urge ry
4,594
4,557
- 0.8
U rology
8,925
9,491
6.3
V a s c ula r S urge ry
1,671
2,368
41.7
* Internal Medicine/Pediatrics was not reported prior to the 1997/98 edition of Physician Characteristics
and Distribution .
Sources: Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 1997/98 Edition and Physician
Characteristics and Distribution in the US, 2008 Edition
I 25 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 12. Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows by Specialty, August 2007
Internal Medicine
Family Medicine/General Practice
Pediatrics
General Surgery
Emergency Medicine
Anesthesiology
Psychiatry
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Cardiovascular Disease
Orthopedic Surgery
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Hematology & Oncology
Neurology
Gastroenterology
Ophthalmology
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Nephrology
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Dermatology
Infectious Disease
Otolaryngology
Geriatric Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Urology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Rheumatology
Plastic Surgery
Neurological Surgery
Radiation Oncology
Allergy & Immunology
Vascular Surgery
Preventive Medicine
Primary Care
Thoracic Surgery
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
8,000
9,000
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as reported in JAMA 2008;300(10)1228-1243.
I 26 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 10. Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows by Specialty, August 2007
Specialty
PY1 Residents
and Fellows
Alle rgy & I mmunology
128
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
609
Ane s the s iology
1,432
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
794
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
371
D e rma tology
337
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
1,449
E ndoc rinology , D ia be te s & Me ta bolis m
235
F a mily Me dic ine /G e ne ra l P ra c tic e
3,102
G a s troe nte rology
405
G e ne ra l S urge ry
2,439
G e ria tric Me dic ine
264
H e ma tology & O nc ology
530
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
328
I nte rna l Me dic ine
8,629
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
384
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
201
N e phrology
366
N e urologic a l S urge ry
143
Neurology
494
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
1,214
O phtha lmology
398
O rthope dic S urge ry
634
O tola ry ngology
269
P e dia tric s
2,697
P hy s ic a l Me dic ine & R e ha bilita tion
358
P la s tic S urge ry
187
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
117
P s y c hia try
1,318
P ulmona ry D is e a s e & C ritic a l C a re Me dic ine
546
R a dia tion O nc ology
133
R a diology & D ia gnos tic R a diology
1,109
R he uma tology
193
T hora c ic S urge ry
99
Urology
214
V a s c ula r S urge ry
119
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as reported in JAMA 2008;300(10)1228-1243.
I 27 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 13. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows Who Are Female by Specialty, August 2007
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Pediatrics
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Dermatology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Rheumatology
Allergy & Immunology
Geriatric Medicine
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Family Medicine/General Practice
Psychiatry
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Infectious Disease
Neurology
Internal Medicine
Preventive Medicine
Hematology & Oncology
Ophthalmology
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Average = 44.6%
Emergency Medicine
Nephrology
Anesthesiology
Radiation Oncology
General Surgery
Gastroenterology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Otolaryngology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Plastic Surgery
Urology
Cardiovascular Disease
Thoracic Surgery
Vascular Surgery
Primary Care
Orthopedic Surgery
Neurological Surgery
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 28 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 11. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows by Sex and Specialty, August 2007
Specialt y
Total
Residents
and Fellows
All S pe c ia ltie s
107,239
Alle rgy & I mmunology
289
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
2,315
Ane s the s iology
5,136
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
2,376
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
815
D e rma tology
1,076
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
4,494
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
549
Family Medicine/General Practice
9,633
G a s troe nte rology
1,218
G e ne ra l S urge ry
7,655
G e ria tric Me dic ine
318
H e ma tology & O nc ology
1,515
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
736
I nte rna l Me dic ine
22,257
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
1,497
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
560
N e phrology
803
N e urologic a l S urge ry
917
N e urology
1,598
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
4,802
O phtha lmology
1,236
O rthope dic S urge ry
3,201
O tola ry ngology
1,326
P e dia tric s
8,171
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
1,193
P la s tic S urge ry
659
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
282
P s y c hia try
4,835
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
1,463
R a dia tion O nc ology
585
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
4,396
R he uma tology
405
T hora c ic S urge ry
255
U rology
1,005
V a s c ula r S urge ry
218
Note: Excludes 280 residents/fellows whose sex was not indicated.
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 29 I
Male
Number Percent
59,403
123
1,109
3,321
1,925
322
390
2,750
175
4,346
855
5,297
140
865
385
12,457
671
216
514
813
889
1,123
719
2,803
961
2,214
727
513
160
2,208
1,080
380
3,171
167
217
789
189
55.4
43
48
65
81
40
36
61
32
45
70
69
44
57
52
56
45
39
64
89
56
23
58
88
72
27
61
78
57
46
74
65
72
41
85
79
87
Female
Number
Percent
47,836
166
1,206
1,815
451
493
686
1,744
374
5,287
363
2,358
178
650
351
9,800
826
344
289
104
709
3,679
517
398
365
5,957
466
146
122
2,627
383
205
1,225
238
38
216
29
44.6
57.4
52.1
35.3
19.0
60.5
63.8
38.8
68.1
54.9
29.8
30.8
56.0
42.9
47.7
44.0
55.2
61.4
36.0
11.3
44.4
76.6
41.8
12.4
27.5
72.9
39.1
22.2
43.3
54.3
26.2
35.0
27.9
58.8
14.9
21.5
13.3
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 14. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows Who Are Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, or
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander by Specialty, August 2007
Preventive Medicine
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Geriatric Medicine
Thoracic Surgery
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Psychiatry
Family Medicine/General Practice
Pediatrics
Infectious Disease
Nephrology
General Surgery
Internal Medicine
Allergy & Immunology
Anesthesiology
Emergency Medicine
Rheumatology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Average =7.1%
Neurological Surgery
Plastic Surgery
Radiation Oncology
Orthopedic Surgery
Neurology
Cardiovascular Disease
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Hematology & Oncology
Urology
Dermatology
Ophthalmology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Gastroenterology
Otolaryngology
Primary Care
Vascular Surgery
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 30 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 12. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows by Race and Specialty, August 2007
Specialty
All S pe c ia ltie s
Alle rgy & I mmunology
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
Ane s the s iology
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
D e rma tology
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Family Medicine/General Practice
G a s troe nte rology
G e ne ra l S urge ry
G e ria tric Me dic ine
H e ma tology & O nc ology
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
I nte rna l Me dic ine
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
N e phrology
N e urologic a l S urge ry
N e urology
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
O phtha lmology
O rthope dic S urge ry
O tola ry ngology
P e dia tric s
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
P la s tic S urge ry
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
P s y c hia try
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
R a dia tion O nc ology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
R he uma tology
T hora c ic S urge ry
U rology
V a s c ula r S urge ry
Total
Residents
and Fellows
95,252
260
2,147
4,442
2,031
692
890
4,234
475
9,068
1,090
6,923
259
1,283
644
19,515
1,390
508
715
829
1,310
4,424
1,049
2,940
1,215
7,341
997
597
207
4,299
1,284
505
3,875
344
228
903
187
Asian
27.5
26.9
25.9
23.0
30.5
23.8
17.1
13.7
31.8
26.9
34.1
21.4
39.8
36.1
31.2
42.5
20.3
26.8
43.9
18.0
32.1
15.6
29.6
12.7
23.0
23.7
25.6
20.6
19.3
26.9
31.1
29.1
25.1
36.9
23.7
17.5
29.4
Black
6.3
4.2
4.7
5.6
4.2
8.7
3.8
5.3
3.6
7.8
3.2
6.8
8.9
3.7
7.5
6.5
9.0
8.1
6.3
4.8
4.3
12.0
3.0
4.2
3.0
7.6
8.9
4.9
14.0
8.3
3.0
3.4
2.4
4.1
9.2
3.9
2.7
AIAN or
NHPI* White
0.8
2.3
0.8
0.7
0.5
1.7
0.6
0.9
1.1
1.4
*
0.7
2.3
0.9
*
0.7
0.7
2.4
1.7
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.7
1.0
*
*
1.0
0.8
1.6
0.7
1.5
*
0.6
*
Other
59.8
58.1
65.0
66.7
55.9
57.4
73.8
76.6
54.3
59.0
52.8
64.8
33.6
52.9
53.6
45.5
66.4
55.7
39.4
67.1
54.8
66.5
60.6
76.2
69.0
63.6
60.2
69.2
58.9
58.3
55.5
59.2
66.5
49.4
54.4
73.9
60.4
5.5
8.5
3.6
3.9
8.9
8.4
4.7
3.6
9.3
4.8
*
6.3
15.4
6.5
*
4.8
3.6
7.1
8.7
9.5
8.3
5.3
5.9
6.1
4.6
4.4
4.3
*
*
5.5
9.7
6.7
5.4
8.1
*
4.2
*
* AIAN = American Indian/Alaska Native. NHPI = Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander. For specialties where there were less
than 5 residents/fellows in the AIAN or NHPI race group, data are not shown for the either “AIAN or NHPI” race group
or the “Other” race group.
Note: Figures exclude 12,267 residents/fellows whose race is unknown.
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 31 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 15. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows Who Are Hispanic Origin by Specialty, August 2007
Geriatric Medicine
Thoracic Surgery
Infectious Disease
Rheumatology
Psychiatry
Family Medicine/General Practice
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Pediatrics
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
General Surgery
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Neurology
Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Neurological Surgery
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Cardiovascular Disease
Anesthesiology
Average =9.9%
Dermatology
Gastroenterology
Plastic Surgery
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Vascular Surgery
Hematology & Oncology
Emergency Medicine
Urology
Radiation Oncology
Ophthalmology
Otolaryngology
Preventive Medicine
Nephrology
Orthopedic Surgery
Primary Care
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Allergy & Immunology
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 32 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 13. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows by Hispanic Origin and Specialty, August 2007
Specialt y
Total
Residents
and F ellows
Not Hispanic
Number
Percent
All S pe c ia ltie s
72,360
65,182
90.1
Alle rgy & I mmunology
175
166
95
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
1,503
1,365
91
Ane s the s iology
2,983
2,719
91
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
1,392
1,267
91
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
461
410
89
D e rma tology
518
473
91
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
3,169
2,936
93
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
367
331
90
Family Medicine/General Practice
6,922
6,099
88
G a s troe nte rology
749
685
91
G e ne ra l S urge ry
5,159
4,586
89
G e ria tric Me dic ine
159
131
82
H e ma tology & O nc ology
901
834
93
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
448
389
87
I nte rna l Me dic ine
16,978
15,259
90
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
1,035
980
95
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
436
385
88
N e phrology
535
501
94
N e urologic a l S urge ry
534
483
90
N e urology
1,077
967
90
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
3,344
2,985
89
O phtha lmology
702
655
93
O rthope dic S urge ry
2,012
1,893
94
O tola ry ngology
947
884
93
P e dia tric s
6,133
5,423
88
P hy s ic a l Me dic ine & R e ha bilita tion
660
583
88
P la s tic S urge ry
401
367
92
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
168
157
93
P s y c hia try
3,378
2,961
88
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine
877
776
88
R a dia tion O nc ology
264
245
93
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
2,302
2,107
92
R he uma tology
237
207
87
T hora c ic S urge ry
139
117
84
U rology
579
537
93
V a s c ula r S urge ry
119
110
92
Note: Figures exclude 35,159 residents/fellows whose Hispanic origin status is unknown.
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 33 I
Hispanic
Number
P erc ent
7,178
9
138
264
125
51
45
233
36
823
64
573
28
67
59
1,719
55
51
34
51
110
359
47
119
63
710
77
34
11
417
101
19
195
30
22
42
9
9.9
5.1
9.2
8.9
9.0
11.1
8.7
7.4
9.8
11.9
8.5
11.1
17.6
7.4
13.2
10.1
5.3
11.7
6.4
9.6
10.2
10.7
6.7
5.9
6.7
11.6
11.7
8.5
6.5
12.3
11.5
7.2
8.5
12.7
15.8
7.3
7.6
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 16. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with U.S. M.D. by Specialty, August 2007
Orthopedic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Radiation Oncology
Dermatology
Urology
Plastic Surgery
Ophthalmology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Neurological Surgery
Emergency Medicine
Allergy & Immunology
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
General Surgery
Anesthesiology
Preventive Medicine
Vascular Surgery
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Thoracic Surgery
Pediatrics
Gastroenterology
Average =65.9%
Cardiovascular Disease
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Psychiatry
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Rheumatology
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Hematology & Oncology
Neurology
Infectious Disease
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Internal Medicine
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Family Medicine/General Practice
Primary Care
Nephrology
Geriatric Medicine
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 34 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 14. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a U.S. M.D. by Specialty, August 2007
Specialty, August 2007
Specialty
Total
Residents
and Fellows
All S pe c ia ltie s
107,515
Alle rgy & I mmunology
288
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
2,318
Ane s the s iology
5,155
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
2,377
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
815
D e rma tology
1,083
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
4,499
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
549
F a mily Me dic ine /G e ne ra l P ra c tic e
9,651
G a s troe nte rology
1,222
G e ne ra l S urge ry
7,669
G e ria tric Me dic ine
321
H e ma tology & O nc ology
1,515
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
738
I nte rna l Me dic ine
22,318
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
1,511
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
561
N e phrology
813
N e urologic a l S urge ry
920
N e urology
1,609
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
4,805
O phtha lmology
1,236
O rthope dic S urge ry
3,206
O tola ry ngology
1,327
P e dia tric s
8,187
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
1,194
P la s tic S urge ry
659
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
282
P s y c hia try
4,840
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
1,467
R a dia tion O nc ology
585
R a diology & D ia gnos tic R a diology
4,402
R he uma tology
408
T hora c ic S urge ry
255
U rology
1,008
V a s c ula r S urge ry
218
Note: Figures exclude 4 residents whose medical school is unknown.
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 35 I
US M.D.
Residents
and Fellows
70,799
235
1,501
3,909
1,553
528
1,025
3,823
326
4,351
799
5,975
86
861
392
10,972
1,203
293
359
811
901
3,412
1,122
3,097
1,268
5,619
681
617
205
2,962
689
558
3,925
235
181
953
155
Percent
65.9
81.6
64.8
75.8
65.3
64.8
94.6
85.0
59.4
45.1
65.4
77.9
26.8
56.8
53.1
49.2
79.6
52.2
44.2
88.2
56.0
71.0
90.8
96.6
95.6
68.6
57.0
93.6
72.7
61.2
47.0
95.4
89.2
57.6
71.0
94.5
71.1
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 17. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a D.O. by Specialty, August 2007
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Family Medicine/General Practice
Anesthesiology
Emergency Medicine
Preventive Medicine
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Psychiatry
Rheumatology
Pediatrics
Nephrology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Vascular Surgery
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Neurology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Internal Medicine
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Gastroenterology
Infectious Disease
Average =6.4%
Hematology & Oncology
Cardiovascular Disease
Allergy & Immunology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
General Surgery
Geriatric Medicine
Thoracic Surgery
Dermatology
Radiation Oncology
Urology
Ophthalmology
Orthopedic Surgery
Otolaryngology
Primary Care
Plastic Surgery
Neurological Surgery
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 36 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 15. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with a D.O. by Specialty, August 2007
(D.O.) by Specialty, August 2007
Specialty
Total
Residents
and Fellows
All S pe c ia ltie s
107,515
Alle rgy & I mmunology
288
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
2,318
Ane s the s iology
5,155
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
2,377
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
815
D e rma tology
1,083
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
4,499
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
549
Family Medicine/General Practice
9,651
G a s troe nte rology
1,222
G e ne ra l S urge ry
7,669
G e ria tric Me dic ine
321
H e ma tology & O nc ology
1,515
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
738
I nte rna l Me dic ine
22,318
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
1,511
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
561
N e phrology
813
N e urologic a l S urge ry
920
N e urology
1,609
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
4,805
O phtha lmology
1,236
O rthope dic S urge ry
3,206
O tola ry ngology
1,327
P e dia tric s
8,187
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
1,194
P la s tic S urge ry
659
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
282
P s y c hia try
4,840
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
1,467
R a dia tion O nc ology
585
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
4,402
R he uma tology
408
T hora c ic S urge ry
255
U rology
1,008
V a s c ula r S urge ry
218
Figures exclude 4 residents whose medical school is unknown.
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 37 I
D.O.
Residents
and Fellows
6,892
10
127
495
88
51
16
408
34
1,342
63
225
8
59
35
1,261
90
37
54
2
94
365
13
28
8
555
312
2
25
360
85
8
152
28
4
11
14
Percent
6.4
3.5
5.5
9.6
3.7
6.3
1.5
9.1
6.2
13.9
5.2
2.9
2.5
3.9
4.7
5.7
6.0
6.6
6.6
0.2
5.8
7.6
1.1
0.9
0.6
6.8
26.1
0.3
8.9
7.4
5.8
1.4
3.5
6.9
1.6
1.1
6.4
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 18. Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows with International Medical Degrees by Specialty, August 2007
Geriatric Medicine
Nephrology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Internal Medicine
Infectious Disease
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Family Medicine/General Practice
Hematology & Oncology
Neurology
Rheumatology
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Psychiatry
Cardiovascular Disease
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Gastroenterology
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Thoracic Surgery
Pediatrics
Vascular Surgery
Obstetrics & Gynecology
General Surgery
Average =27.4%
Preventive Medicine
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Allergy & Immunology
Anesthesiology
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
Neurological Surgery
Ophthalmology
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Emergency Medicine
Plastic Surgery
Urology
Dermatology
Otolaryngology
Primary Care
Radiation Oncology
Orthopedic Surgery
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 38 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 16. Number and Percentage of ACGME Residents/Fellows who Graduated from an International Medical School
by Specialty, August 2007
an International Medical School by Specialty, August 2007
Specialty
Total
Residents
and Fellows
IMG
Residents
and Fellows
Percent
All S pe c ia ltie s
107,515
29,461
27.4
Alle rgy & I mmunology
288
42
14.6
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
2,318
686
29.6
Ane s the s iology
5,155
739
14.3
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
2,377
728
30.6
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
815
235
28.8
D e rma tology
1,083
40
3.7
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
4,499
257
5.7
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
549
187
34.1
Family Medicine/General Practice
9,651
3,940
40.8
G a s troe nte rology
1,222
355
29.1
G e ne ra l S urge ry
7,669
1,450
18.9
G e ria tric Me dic ine
321
224
69.8
H e ma tology & O nc ology
1,515
587
38.7
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
738
310
42.0
I nte rna l Me dic ine
22,318
10,036
45.0
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
1,511
216
14.3
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
561
230
41.0
N e phrology
813
389
47.8
N e urologic a l S urge ry
920
102
11.1
N e urology
1,609
606
37.7
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
4,805
1,016
21.1
O phtha lmology
1,236
95
7.7
O rthope dic S urge ry
3,206
80
2.5
O tola ry ngology
1,327
47
3.5
P e dia tric s
8,187
1,982
24.2
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
1,194
196
16.4
P la s tic S urge ry
659
37
5.6
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
282
47
16.7
P s y c hia try
4,840
1,495
30.9
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
1,467
686
46.8
R a dia tion O nc ology
585
18
3.1
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
4,402
314
7.1
R he uma tology
408
143
35.0
T hora c ic S urge ry
255
67
26.3
U rology
1,008
42
4.2
V a s c ula r S urge ry
218
48
22.0
Note: Figures exclude 4 residents whose medical school is unknown. Graduates of Canadian medical
schools and graduates of the Fifth Pathway program are also excluded.
Source: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as of October 14, 2008
I 39 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Figure 19. Percent Change in Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows by Specialty, 2002-2007
Neurological Surgery
Rheumatology
Otolaryngology
Neurology
Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
Radiation Oncology
Hematology & Oncology
Vascular Surgery
Cardiovascular Disease
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Infectious Disease
Radiology & Diagnostic Radiology
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
Gastroenterology
Urology
Dermatology
Plastic Surgery
Emergency Medicine
Nephrology
Psychiatry
Ophthalmology
Anesthesiology
Pediatrics
Internal Medicine
Orthopedic Surgery
Allergy & Immunology
Anatomic/Clinical Pathology
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Internal Medicine/Pediatrics
General Surgery
Family Medicine/General Practice
Geriatric Medicine
Primary Care
Preventive Medicine
Thoracic Surgery
-30%
-15%
0%
15%
30%
45%
60%
Sources: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as reported in JAMA 2003;290(9)1234-1248
and JAMA 2008;300(10)1228-1243.
I 40 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008
2008 Physician Specialty Data
Table 17. Percent Change in the Number of First-Year ACGME Residents/Fellows by Specialty, 2002-2007
Total Residents and Fellows
Specialty
2002
2007
Percent
Change
All S pe c ia ltie s
33,250
37,318
12.2
Alle rgy & I mmunology
123
128
4.1
Ana tomic /C linic a l P a thology
587
609
3.7
Ane s the s iology
1,328
1,432
7.8
C a rdiov a s c ula r D is e a s e
615
794
29.1
C hild & Adole s c e nt P s y c hia try
306
390
27.5
D e rma tology
283
337
19.1
E me rge nc y Me dic ine
1,261
1,449
14.9
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
185
235
27.0
F a mily Me dic ine /G e ne ra l P ra c tic e
3,196
3,102
-2.9
G a s troe nte rology
334
405
21.3
G e ne ra l S urge ry
2,423
2,439
0.7
G e ria tric Me dic ine
292
264
-9.6
H e ma tology & O nc ology
395
530
34.2
I nfe c tious D is e a s e
259
328
26.6
I nte rna l Me dic ine
8,129
8,635
6.2
I nte rna l Me dic ine /P e dia tric s
380
384
1.1
N e ona ta l-P e rina ta l Me dic ine
144
201
39.6
N e phrology
320
366
14.4
N e urologic a l S urge ry
94
143
52.1
N e urology
349
494
41.5
O bs te tric s & G y ne c ology
1,191
1,214
1.9
O phtha lmology
366
398
8.7
O rthope dic S urge ry
604
634
5.0
O tola ry ngology
188
269
43.1
P e dia tric s
2,517
2,697
7.2
P hy s ic a l Me dic ine & R e ha bilita tion
280
358
27.9
P la s tic S urge ry
162
187
15.4
P re v e ntiv e Me dic ine
148
117
-20.9
P s y c hia try
1,181
1,318
11.6
Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Med.
445
546
22.7
R a dia tion O nc ology
99
133
34.3
R a diology & D ia gnos tic R a diology
891
1,109
24.5
R he uma tology
130
193
48.5
T hora c ic S urge ry
131
99
-24.4
U rology
177
214
20.9
V a s c ula r S urge ry
91
119
30.8
Note: Figures include first year residents and first year fellows. See page 3 for more details on the
specialties and subspecialties shown here.
Sources: AAMC/AMA National GME Census as reported in JAMA 2003;290(9)1234-1248 and JAMA
2008;300(10)1228-1243.
I 41 I
Association of American Medical Colleges 2008