Northern Food Supply
08/11/2012
Northern Food Security:
The Greenhouse Solution
Tang Lee
lee@ucalgary.ca
November 7‐8, 2012
Saskatoon Saskatchewan
Traditional greenhouse
design is from Europe
where the temperature is
not as cold as in Canada.
Aquaculture in Greenhouses for
Synergetic Use with Vegetable Production
A typical greenhouse with
glazing on all sides
resulting in high heat
consumption.
1. Kings Fold Greenhouse, 1979
2. Greenview Aqua-Farm, 1994
3. Foshan Aquaponic, 2012
This cold frame extends
the growing season to
protect against frost.
Very low winter
sun angle
15º
Tilt the plants towards
the low winter sun.
Warming the planting beds induces plant
growth and reduce insects and heating.
Learning from the past.
Greenhouse on a
south-facing slope
1. King’s Fold Greenhouse, Cochrane, Alberta.
Tang G. Lee Architect 1979
Vegetables growing yearround in this greenhouse.
Solar heat the water in the barrels.
Terraced planters
towards the south
Red coloured drums as retaining
wall and base for planting trays.
Prof. Tang Lee
Prof. Tang G. Lee, Email lee@ucalgary.ca
Prof. Tang Lee
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Northern Food Supply
08/11/2012
Sunlight reflected
from white deck.
Completed
greenhouse on a
south-facing slope.
King’s Fold Greenhouse, Cochrane, Alberta.
Build on a southerly facing slope.
Tang G. Lee Architect 1979
Serious decline in naturally grown
seafood due to overfishing, climate
change and pollution.
The attached
sunspace
shares a wall
with the house.
A free-standing greenhouse loses heat
on all sides.
The attached sunspace …
•Add another “skin” to the wall
•Reduce air leakage
•Reuse the heat loss from the walls
•Is a solar collector
Source: United Nations Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO), Fishstat-PC (FAO, Rome, 1997).
May 26, 1994 - present
Wetland
Hg
Dugout
Dugout
Contaminated fish
from the oceans.
House
Fish house
Greenhouse
2. Greenview Aqua-farm Ltd. Conrich, Alberta.
Tang G. Lee Architect 1994
Prof. Tang G. Lee, Email lee@ucalgary.ca
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Northern Food Supply
08/11/2012
Fish farm
Greenhouse
Wind powered air pump
tilapia
Delivery truck
Our tilapia in the hippopotamus
tank at the Calgary Zoo.
Raise ~500,000 fish/yr.
Clean water returned
back to fish farm.
Plants using fish
water
Plants using fish water
Composting
Tilapia
Fish farming with greenhouses to manage waste
stream (up steam and down stream)
Family fish farm.
Wetlands clean the water
Snails (escargot)
Can we afford to use land,
resources and energy for sport
and entertainment?
Why are they Heroes?
Why does this
gladiator make $6
million/year?
Prof. Tang G. Lee, Email lee@ucalgary.ca
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Northern Food Supply
08/11/2012
Synergy
Real local Heroes.
共生
Live, work and play in a healthy and prosperous global community.
在一个健康、繁荣的国际社区中生活、工作及休闲。
Synergy is two or more things functioning
together to produce a result not independently
obtainable.
Columbia Valley Community
Greenhouse
共生作用——两种或以上的事物共同作用，
从而获得1+1>2的效果。
在一个健康、繁荣的国际社区中生活、
工作及休闲。
3. Foshan Master Plan - Aquaponics,
Lee & de Ridder Architects, 2012
Lee & de Ridder
ARCHITECTURE + SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
Natural systems to clean the effluent.
自然系统清理河道。
Treating sewage and growing medicinal plants.
处理污水及种植有益于环境的植物
City of Fuzhou, China
sends untreated
sewage into canals
throughout the city.
福州市，原来人们将未经处
理的污水直接排到市域内遍
布的水渠里再流出城市。
Baima, a 600-meter canal with 750,000
gallons per day of untreated domestic sewage.
Bioremediation: Removes environmental pollutants, toxic chemical compounds.
生物处理法：清除环境中的污染物，有毒的化合物。
12,000 plants of 20 native species
Aquaponics: Food supply and market
复合养殖：食物的供给和市场
干净的水入河
Clean water go back into the river
Pond for
aquaponics
复合养殖
Pond for
aquaponics
通过水道的生物净化设施净化河水
Canal cleans the river water.
Dirty river water pump into
the canal
肮脏的河流入运河水泵
Using the existing pond for aquaponics business in Phase 2.
使用现存于外延区的池塘进行复合养殖。
Using existing ponds
for aquaponics
用于生物净化的水生植物
Examples of aquatic plants.
Prof. Tang G. Lee, Email lee@ucalgary.ca
Tilapia fish can be grown in high
densities.
罗非鱼可以大规模养殖。
Harvesting of fish from the
pond.
收获池塘里的鱼。
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Northern Food Supply
08/11/2012
Aquaponic facility
using existing ponds Fruit trees
Aquaponics is agriculture that combines
hydroponics (growing plants in nutrient-rich
water instead of soil), and aquaculture, the
cultivation of fish for food.
果树
复合养
殖循环
复合养殖是一种
复合养殖是一种结合水耕
一种结合水耕，
结合水耕，水产养殖，
水产养殖，鱼类食品的
种植手段
种植手段。
手段。
果树
Vegetable garden
on the roof.
PV panels
Food
processing
Chicken
& eggs
蔬菜
光伏电池板
Solar water
heating panels
鸡肉和鸡蛋
食品加工设施
市场
鱼类养殖池
Marketplace for
fish, chicken,
eggs, fruits and
vegetables.
Ducks and
fish pond
Sustainable food production
可持续性食品生产
Required amount of food for each
animal to grow the same weight of
food for humans.
Warm water
discharge from
plant
3F
Using waste
heat for food
production.
每个人类成长相同重量的所需动
物的食物量。
2F
1F
最高效的是鱼类。
Conversion of feed for food production is
most efficient for raising fish.
‐1F
混合肥料
Prof. Tang Lee
Cooking and baking
All plants are edible.
Solar water
Stack
heating
ventilation
Ramp with
fruit trees
1.5 kW wind
generator
Vegetation shades
Residences
Overhang
shades
Prof. Tang Lee’s class
CalPoly Pomona
Prof. Tang G. Lee, Email lee@ucalgary.ca
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Northern Food Supply
08/11/2012
Organic foods for
better health.
How we care for our bodies …
Is the same as how we care about our environment.
15 kg
beet
Reap from previous generation.
Plant for the next generation…
CONCLUSIONS
• Oceans cannot sustain food production
• Too much pollution in the ocean, rivers and lakes
• Must farm raise food for human consumption
• Fish is healthy food
• Most efficient to raise fish than any other meats
• Aquaculture in Greenhouses for Synergetic Use
with Vegetable Production
Thank you.
Prof. Tang G. Lee, Email lee@ucalgary.ca
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