Updated Feb 1, 2016
APA (2010) 6th ed.
TIPS #1-31 of Common Errors
APA Feedback for Papers
By Arlene Kent-Wilkinson RN, PhD
arlene.kent@usask.ca
Cover Page (See APA 2010, p. 41)
1.
Running head
APA, 2010, p.
23, 229).
Paper
examples on
pages 41–59 of
APA, 2010.
2.
Header & page
#
(APA, 2010, p.
230).
3.
Double Space
APA, 2010, p.
229).
4.
Typeface
(Font)
APA, 2010, p.
228).
Running head: ABORIGINAL HEALTH
 The “Running head: is your title (usually your title abbreviated). It
should appear on every page in the top left corner in BLOCK
capital letters.
 The actual words of “Running head” should only appear on the
title or cover page along with your Block capital title
Example Cover Page:
Running head: ABORIGINAL HEALTH
1
• To insert the Running head on the first page only –
• go to HEADER AND FOOTER TOOLS to the right above the
Toolbar
• Select on “Different first page”
Example Subsequent Pages
ABORIGINAL HEALTH
2
Header and Page number
ABORIGINAL HEALTH
1
The header should be in the left top of your page and the page
number in the right. Use the automatic function of your word
processor program to head and page numbers for your file. DO NOT
type Header and page number on each page manually.
 To add your page #- go to “Insert” in your toolbar, select on “page
Number then “top of page”, then “Plain Number 3”
 To Put in the Header, select on “Insert” then “Header” then “edit
header” at the bottom and type in your header
ABORIGINAL HEALTH
1
Double Space
 The entire paper is to be double-spaced, this includes the cover
page, abstract, reference pages and block quotations.
 Note: the cover page should have no more than one double
space between each line, a common APA error is putting 2 or 3
double spaces between each line in the cover page and between
paragraphs in the content of the paper.
 Do not bold the cover page, the headings Abstract, Title of your
paper on the third page or the heading References.
Typeface (Font)
Times New Roman 12 font is the recommended typeface for your papers. In
APA 6th do not underline anything, and do not underline the url link in your
reference page like this http://www.usask.Correct is http://www.usask.ca. for
scholarly articles and reports
1
Text (Content /Body) of Page
5.
Abstract
APA, 2010, p.
25-27, 41, 202,
229).
6.
Title
APA, 2010, p.
23, 41-42, 101102, 229).
7.
Introduction
APA, 2010, p.
27–28, 42, 63).
8.
Paragraphs
APA, 2010, p.
229).
Single
sentence &
long
paragraphs
APA, 2010, p.
68)
Avoid
diagrams/
graphs, charts
Abstract
 Optional, if you choose to write an abstract, it should not
take the place of the Introduction.
 The abstract is a brief summary or findings of the paper not
what the paper will address. Save the wording of “this paper
will address” and “the purpose of this paper” wording for the
Introduction.
 Centre the heading of Abstract, do not bold
 Block type in a single paragraph without paragraph
indentation.
 Abstracts should be 150–250 words in length. Do not
exceed 250 words. (Abstract should be on a separate page).
 Better to not cite references in the Abstract. Make general
statements rather than citing specific statistics etc,
 Keywords: is indented, and italic (APA, 2010, p. 41).
Title
 The title of the paper should be on the first page of the
content of your paper
 The title of the paper does not count as a heading, but
should look like a level one heading except should not be
bold
 Capitalize every word in the title on the cover paper and on
the First page of the manuscript
 Centre and do not bold the headings of Title, Abstract or
References
Introduction
 Heading of Introduction is not needed, after you write your
title at the top of the page where your content starts – you do
not have to write Introduction as well. Start the paper without
using Introduction as your first level heading.
Below would be double spaced in your paper
Paragraphs
 Indent the first word of all paragraphs (APA 2010, p. 229).
 Do not justify paragraphs to the right (APA 2010, p. 229).
 Avoid only having only one sentence in a paragraph, should
have at least two (APA 2010, p. 68).
 Avoid long paragraphs, paragraphs that extend the entire
page are too long (APA, 2010, p. 68).
 Only one double space (one line) is required between
paragraphs
Avoid using bullets or numbers
• Write out points in full paragraphs
Avoid diagrams/graphs, charts, models from another
Author
2
from another
Author
(APA, 2010, p.
231–232).



Avoid using graphs, bullet points or lists from a published
paper
Should have the permission from the authors to use any
graphs or charts. (APA, 2010, p. 231–232).
Better not to include, figures, charts or tables from the work of one
author’s published work in an appendix, or in the body of your
paper, as need the author’s permission to include in your paper.
You can summarize the work of many authors into a chart or table
(i.e., literature reviews). But best not to include for example a
diagram of a conceptual model developed and published by an
author into your paper without that author’s permission (citing them
is not enough).
Text (Content /Body) of Page
9a
9b
APA
Referencing in
text (content of
your paper) i.e.,
placement of the
period, comma
(APA, 2010, p.
171–174).
Citing two or
more works
within the same
parenthesis.
(APA 2010, p.
48, 178, 179)
APA Referencing in text (content of your paper)
 When referencing in text, the period always goes after the
reference parentheses, not before. The sentence ends with a
period after the reference parentheses.
 Only one space needed between end of sentence and reference
bracket
 Periods at the end of sentences are to be followed by two
spaces, as they were in 3rd and 4th editions of APA previous to
the fifth, rather than the single space Edition 5 indicated (APA,
2010, p. 87–88).
Correct: ...nursing and Aboriginal health in Canada (Douglas, 2013).
Incorrect: ..nursing and Aboriginal health in Canada. (Douglas, 2013)
 .Two or more works within the same parenthesis. References of
works should be in alpha order (of the last name of the author
not the earliest to the latest year) within the same parentheses
(APA, 2010, p. 48, 178, 179).
 Need a comma between author(s) and year
Correct:
Multiple factors have contributed to the high rate of
incarceration among Aboriginal offenders (Correctional Service
Canada, 2011; Department of Justice Canada, 2008; Statistics
Canada, 2006).
Incorrect :
Multiple factors have contributed to the high rate of
incarceration among Aboriginal offenders (Statistics Canada, 2006;
Department of Justice Canada 2008; Correctional Service Canada
2011)
3
9c
9d
9e
Citing
Reference in
text
Re: Year
Re Spaces
(APA, 2010, p.
174–179).
 Always keep the year with the author as a general rule.
 Need one space between p. and 238
Correct:
First initials of
authors in
references in
text or body of
your paper.

Citing the Year
in the
parenthesis in
the text with
the author
(Author, year)
Citing the Year in the parenthesis with the author in the text
citation reference (Author, year).
• Always cite the year in the parenthesis with the author even for
subsequent times in the same paragraph (APA 2010, 174–175).
(APA 2010, p 43,
174–175).
Cory (2004) writes about “the group process” (p. 10).
Incorrect:
Cory writes about “the group process” (2004, p. 10).
Do not include the first initial when referencing the author in the
body of the text
Correct:
Prevalence rate. “The prevalence rate is a measure or
existing disease in a population at a particular time” (Stanhope &
Lancaster, 2000, p. 238).
Incorrect:
Prevalence rate. “The prevalence rate is a measure or existing
disease in a population at a particular time”. (Stanhope, M., and
Lancaster, J. 2000, p.238) period needed here
• When the same reference (Author, Year) is cited subsequent
times in the same paragraph, the year is always required within
the parenthesis.
• The ONLY exception is if the author(s) is part of the narrative
(APA 2010, p 43, 174–175). Otherwise the year needs to be cited
each time in the parenthesis with the author, in same paragraph
and throughout paper.
•
You can cite the author without the year in the narrative but then it
has to be followed by the full Citation (Author, Year) in the
parenthesis. You cannot cite the Author without the year in the
parenthesis.
Correct:
Douglas (2013) in her book explored the nursing role with regard to
Aboriginal health in Canada. Douglas also explored.... The book outlined
the social determinants of health and their impact on Aboriginal health in
Canada. (Douglas, 2013).
Correct:
Douglas explored the nursing role with regard to Aboriginal health in
Canada (Douglas, 2013).
Incorrect:
•
Douglas explored the nursing role with regard to Aboriginal health in
Canada.
4
Incorrect:
•
9f
9g
9h
Use of “&” and
“and“
(APA, 2010, p.
41–59, 172).
References –
Periods in
Abbreviations
References
nested
parenthesis
 (APA, 2010,
p. 94)

Douglas explored the nursing role with regard to Aboriginal health in
Canada (2013).
Use “and” outside the parenthesis, and “&” inside the parenthesis
(APA, 2010, p. 41–59, 172).
Example: Mason and Mercer (1999) stated that ………….
Example: ...special hospitals in England (Mason & Mercer, 1999).

For periods in abbreviations (e.g., U.S.) no space occurs after
the period (APA, 2010, p. 88).
 Do not use periods with capital letter abbreviations and
acronyms; state or province abbreviations (e.g., NY, BC, SK)
(e.g., APA, WHO).
 Brackets: Use brackets to avoid nested parenthesis (APA, 2010,
p. 94)
Correct: (Canadian Nurses Association [CNA], 2010).
Incorrect: (Canadian Nurses Association (CNA), 2010).
Text (Content /Body) of Paper
10a
Spaces and
“Quotations”
when
referencing
authors and
page numbers
(APA, 2010, p.
88, 171–174,
189).
Spaces
 Two spaces are suggested after a period or any punctuation
mark at the end of a sentence (APA, 2010, p. 88) (Myself
and others prefer only one space after a period, as it was in
previous APA editions. This is a suggested change for the
next edition).
 There should be 1 space between the last word of the
sentence or the quotation mark and the parentheses for the
reference
 There should not be a space between the bracket and the
author
 Correct to always put a space between the p. and the #
number
 If quoting directly “word for word” from the source use
“quotation marks” and include the page number. If
paraphrased, do not need to include the page number.
Correct::
“Since the first edition of this book, the determinants of health
model has been embraced by health researchers in a number of
disciplines” (Waldram, Herring, & Young, 2006, p. 74).
Incorrect:
“Since the first edition of this book, the determinants of health
model has been embraced by health researchers in a number of
disciplines”( Waldram, Herring & Young,2006,p.74).
5
10b Long
Quotations/
Paraphrasing
Material (APA,
2010, p. 171)
6.04
If quoting more than 40 words, block the quotation and indent
the entire block, but do not use quotation marks. The entire
quotation should be double spaced. Better to paraphrase than to
cite long quotes. Best to limit the number of quotes over 40
words in your paper (1-2 at most only if that). After citing a long
quote the next paragraph is not indented.
Paraphrasing Material.
• When paraphrasing or referring to an idea contained in
another work, you are encouraged to provide a page or
paragraph number, especially when it would help an
interested reader locate the relevant passage in a long or
complex text. (APA, 2010, p. 171)
11a. Multiple
authors
3-5 authors
6 and more
authors
APA, 2010, p.
42, 175, 177).
Section 6.12
Multiple Authors
• The first time you cite a reference write out all names of
authors up to five, then whenever citing thereafter for three
or more authors “et al.” can be used.
• Rule changes for 6 and more authors. You then can use the
et al. after the first author even for the first time it is cited in
the body of the paper (APA, 2010, p. 175).
Example
The Australian Aborigine rate of imprisonment in also
conspicuously high, at a rate of 22.7 times that of nonAborigines (Harding, Broadhurst, Ferrante, & Loh, 1995). The
Aboriginal juvenile offenders are also four times more likely to
receive a sentence of incarceration (Harding et al.).
11b
Six and more
Authors
(APA, 2010, p.
184, 198–199).
Section 6.27.
Six and more Authors (APA, 2010, p. 42; 198-199) 7.01
• Use the following in text citation for six or more authors:
(Gilbert et al., 2004).
• When a reference has up to seven authors, spell out all
authors names in the Reference List. If there are more than
eight authors, list the first six, then three ellipses, then the
last author (APA, 2010 p. 184, 198–199).
Example
Smith, A., Jones, B., Nelson, C., Lane, D., Reid, E., Barr, F., ...
Evans, H. (2009). Stolen generations. Adelaide, SA: Flinders
University Press.
11c
Citing multiple
references in
one
parenthesis
(APA, 2010, p.
42–44).
Citing Multiple References in One Parenthesis
• Put in alpha order of first authors, not the year
Correct Example
6
The definition of Aboriginal health has been defined by many
authors and groups (Browne, 2007; Indian and Northern Affairs
Canada, 1996; Waldram, Herring & Young, 2006).
Incorrect Example
The definition of Aboriginal health has been defined by many
authors and groups (Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, 1996;
Waldram, Herring & Young, 2006; Browne, 2007).
Text (Content /Body) of Paper
12. APA, 2010, p.
62–63).
See example
manuscript
Figure 2.1
(APA, 2010, p.
41-51).
12
Text between
Headings and
Subheadings
Level of
Heading
Format for Five Levels of Headings in APA Journals
Level 1
Centered, Boldface, Upper Case
and Lower Cased Heading *(a)
Level 2
Flush left, Boldface, Upper & Lowercase Heading
Level 3
Indented, boldface, lowercase paragraph heading
ending with a period. *(b)
Level 4
Indented, boldface, italicized lowercase paragraph
heading ending with a period.
Level 5
Indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading
ending with a period.
*a. This type of capitalization is also referred to as title
case
*b. In a lower case paragraph heading, the first letter of
the first word is uppercase and the remaining words are
lowercase.
Text between Headings and Subheadings. Never
put two headings in a row without text In between
introducing the next subheading. Need at least two
lead in sentences between headings
Incorrect:
Definitions
Aboriginal health. Waldram Herring and
Young (2006) define Aboriginal health as ....
Poverty.
Correct:
Definitions
Some of the key terms with regard to poverty,
cultural diversity and Aboriginal health will be
reviewed here. Definitions from scholarly
7
publications and agencies that focus their attention
on this issue will be primarily cited.
Aboriginal health. Waldram Herring and Young
(2006) define Aboriginal health as ....
Poverty.
13. APA, 2010, p.
62–63).
(Example on p.
58)
14
Indent paragraph
Correct:
Aboriginal nurse. A nurse of Aboriginal descent is an
Aboriginal nurse (University of Saskatchewan, 2003, as cited in
Aboriginal Health Glossary, 2004).
Aboriginal nursing. “Nursing care of Aboriginal peoples
is the definition of Aboriginal nursing” (University of
Saskatchewan, 2003, as cited in Aboriginal Health Glossary,
2004).
Incorrect is:
Aboriginal Nurse:- A nurse of Aboriginal descent is an aboriginal
nurse (University of Saskatchewan, 2003, as cited in Aboriginal
Health Glossary, 2004).
Aboriginal Nursing: “Nursing care of Aboriginal peoples is the
definition of Aboriginal Nursing” (University of Saskatchewan,
2003, as cited in Aboriginal Health Glossary, 2004).
Numbers at the Numbers
beginning of
 APA says never start a sentence with a number or an Acronym,
sentences
write out the number or word in text, when it is a decimal, also
(APA, 2010, p.
write out the fraction
63, 111–114).
 Use words to express numbers below 10 and figures to
express number 10 and above (APA, 2010, p. 63, 111–114).
 There should be no space between the number and the %
symbol.
Correct:
Use comma in
Five per cent or 3,120 residents of Sunrise Health Region
numbers 1,000 have diabetes (Sunrise Health Region-Diabetes Plan, 2003).
and over
(APA, 2010, p.
 In some cases like above it may be better to reword the
114).
sentence so that the Number is not first word
Correct:
“Of the 3,120 residents of Sunrise Health Region, 5.2%
have diabetes” (Sunrise Health Region-Diabetes Plan, 2003).
Incorrect:
8
“5.2 % of the 3120 residents of Sunrise Health Region have
diabetes” (Sunrise Health Region-Diabetes Plan, 2003).
Text (Content /Body) of Paper
15.
Do not put URL URL
in content of
 Do not reference the URL (www.address) in content
paper
of paper – just in the back reference page. Only the
(APA, 2010, p.
author is cited in the content of the paper.
).
Correct :
The Protection against Family Violence Act in Alberta…. Plethora
vast (Canadian Legal Facts, 2003).
Incorrect:
The Protection against Family Violence Act in Alberta …..
(http://www.law-faqs.org/nat/v-eld-en.htm )
16a. References and
Reference
Pages
(APA, 2010, p.
180).
16b
References
Include all references cited in the body of your paper, on a
separate page at the end of your paper. Cite them in alpha order
first, then by year if the same author. Do not include references
not cited in the body of your paper in the back reference page
References
Personal
Communication
(APA, 2010, p.
179).

References in
Text and in
Reference
pages
References in Text and in Reference pages.
 Each reference cited in the text must appear in the
Reference page. Each entry in the references must appear
in the text. Make sure that that each source reference
appears in both places and that the text citation and
reference are identical for spelling of the Author and the
sake year (APA, 2010, 174).
Reference for personal communication
(A. Kent-Wilkinson, personal communication, March 6,
2006).
 Do not put personal communication in the reference page,
just in the body of the text.
 Write out the month in full – do not abbreviate Ex February
8, 2006 not Feb. 8, 2006
 References are to be double spaced in your paper

16c
Reference
citation.
(Author, year)
(APA , 2010 , p.
174-175).
According to APA the year is not required only when the Author’s
name is within the narrative and the Author and year are cited in
the parenthesis following (APA , 2010 , p. 174-175).
Reference citation.
 Cite the year of the reference each time the reference is cited, in
the parenthesis even within the same paragraph (APA , 2010 , p.
174-175).
9
Text (Content /Body) of Paper
17
“Abbreviations” Abbreviations
 Cite the Initials of the organization after the full name in
(APA, 2010, p.
round brackets. Write out the entire full name the first
106–111).
“Symbol or
abbreviation of
paragraph”


time the reference is cited, subsequent references can use
the abbreviation.
Example: The World Health Organization (WHO) notes...
Example (World Health Organization [WHO], 2003).
Within the parenthesis, cite the Initials of the organization
after the full name in square brackets.
Use the paragraph symbol ¶ if available or abbreviation
para. to direct the reader to the location of the material
on a website
According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2003),
“palliative care is an approach which improves the quality of life
of patients and their families facing a life-threatening illness,
through prevention, assessment and treatment of pain and other
physical, psychological and spiritual problems” (WHO, 2003, ¶.
1). The WHO stresses that palliative care affirms life and regards
dying as a natural process (WHO, 2003, para. 2).
• Consistently use either the symbol ¶. or para.
Text (Content /Body) of Paper
18
Avoid 1st
person
Capitalization
Only capitalize
proper names or
titles
Person & Capitalization
• Write in 3rd person, rather than 1st
• Only capitalize proper names or titles, names that are roles
or names of diseases do not need to be capitalized
• Do not capitalize the second word of a hyphenated
compound
(APA 2009, p. 101) An exception would be non-Aboriginal
Correct:
(APA, 2010, p.
101–102).
Capitalize
Aboriginal
Use of term
Inuit
This paper will address the role of the nurse with regard to
diabetes in the Aboriginal population
Incorrect:
In this paper, I will discuss the role of the Nurse with regard to
diabetes in the Aboriginal Population.
•
Always capitalize Aboriginal and First Nations in the body of
your paper.
10
Racial and
ethnic identity
(APA, 2010, p.
75).
Correct is
Aboriginal health will be addressed with regard to the different
Aboriginal cultures of the diverse First Nations and/or
Aboriginal peoples of Canada.
Incorrect
non- Aboriginal
Aboriginal health will be addressed with regard to the different
aboriginal cultures of the diverse first nations and/or aboriginal
peoples of Canada.
Text (Content /Body) of Paper
Examples below would be double spaced in your paper
19
Secondary
“Use secondary Sources sparingly, for instance when the
source
original work is out of print, unavailable through usual
sources or not available in English” (APA, 2010, p. 178).
(APA, 2010,
Referencing a Secondary Source
p. 178,
 If you copy/paste from the databases of the
Section 6.16)
Aboriginal Glossary, Aboriginal Timelines or from the
Lecture notes I compiled for the course, this is a
secondary source. The information should be in
Quotations and both original and secondary author
cited.
In some cases you do not need the year of the original source in
the reference. If the year is important it should be put in the text
Example: Romanow Report (2002) or in 2002 recommended …..
(Romanow Report, as cited in Aboriginal Health Glossary, 2004).
Definitions from the Aboriginal Glossary are
referenced:
In the content of your paper
Aboriginal health, according to Waldram, Herring, and Young
(2006), is “the rich diversity of social, economical and political
circumstances that give rise to a variation of health problems
and healing strategies in Aboriginal communities” (p. 290, as
cited in Aboriginal Glossary, 2004).
Reference
Aboriginal Health Glossary. (2004). Aboriginal health
and cultural diversity online glossary. Edited by A. KentWilkinson (assistant professor) & M. Tomtene (programmer
analyst). College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, SK. Retrieved from
http://www.usask.ca/nursing/aboriginalglossary.
Aboriginal Timelines are referenced:
In the content of your paper
11
“In 1996, The last residential school in Canada, on the
Gordon reserve in Saskatchewan, closes its doors and is
subsequently torn down” (O’Hara & Treble, as cited in KentWilkinson, 2006).
Reference
Kent-Wilkinson, A. (2006). Timelines of Aboriginal health in
Canada. NURS 483.3. Cultural diversity & Aboriginal
health College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, SK.
Content from N483.3 Lecture Notes are
referenced:
In the content of your paper
"The health belief model (HBM) is one of the most widely used
conceptual frameworks for understanding health behavior
(Resource Centre for Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention, as cited
in Kent-Wilkinson, 2006).
Reference
Kent-Wilkinson, A. (2006). Lecture notes, Unit 6 Module 1
Theories & Models. NURS 483.3. Cultural diversity &
Aboriginal health, College of Nursing, University of
Saskatchewan. Saskatoon, SK.
Reference Page (see sample reference list (APA, p. 313–314
Difference between reference list and Bibliography (APA p. 215, 324).
Examples below would be double spaced in your paper
20
Reference
Reference page formatting
page
• Centre the heading of References on a separate page,
Formatting
• Do not bold the heading of References
APA 6th Edition
APA 6th, Author line is flush to the left and all other
(APA, 2010, p.
subsequent lines are indented
180–183
Correct:
Canadian Legal Facts. (2011). Alberta: Protection against
family violence act FAQs. Retrieved from
http://www.law-faqs.org/ab/pafva.htm
Incorrect:
Canadian Legal Facts. (2011). Alberta: Protection Against
Family Violence Act FAQs. Retrieved from
http://www.law-faqs.org/ab/pafva.htm
21
Location:
Publisher.
(APA, 2010, p.
186–187).
Location: Publisher (not Publisher: Location)
Correct:
Waldram, J. B., Herring, D. A., & Young, T. K. (2006).
Aboriginal health in Canada: Historical, cultural
12
and epidemiological perspectives (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON:
University of Toronto Press.
Incorrect:
Waldram, J. B., Herring, D. A., & Young, T. K. (2006).
Aboriginal health in Canada: Historical, cultural and
epidemiological perspectives. (2nd ed.) University of
Toronto Press: Toronto.
Reference Page
22.
Order of
References Alpha order
(APA, 2010, p.
178, 181–183).
Order of References
 Put references in alpha order
 If many references by the same author and year, put in
alpha order of the title, and alpha order the year by
adding a, b, c
Corrections Service Canada. (2003a). Aboriginal offender
statistics. Aboriginal issues - Facts and figures. Retrieved
from http://www.cscscc.gc.ca/text/prgrm/correctional/abissues/know/4_e.shtml
Corrections Service of Canada. (2003b). Issues and
challenges facing CSC, Section 6.6 Aboriginal offenders’
in CSC.
Corrections Service Canada. (2003c). Regions and facilities.
Retrieved from
http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/region/regions_e.shtml


In content of your paper the reference would be
“Aboriginal peoples represent 2.8% of the
Canadian population, but account for 18% of the
federally incarcerated population” (Corrections
Service Canada, 2003a).
 Also has to be in order by year –then alpha order
Health Canada. (1967). Population health…..
Health Canada. (2001). Health care in………
Health Canada. (2003a). Aboriginal health…
Health Canada. (2003b). Cultural issues….
Health Canada. (2003c). Survey of ...
Health Canada. (2004a). Guidelines for....
Health Canada. (2004b). Primary health care ...
Health Canada. (2005). Environmental scan of…….
13
Reference Page
23.
What to Italic?
(APA, 2010, p.
176).
What to Italic?


Italic the title of the website, journal title or book
If no journal or book, then article is in italic
Volume is italicized as well as the title of the journal

 Volume is italicized but not the Number
 Do not include the words Vol. and No. in your reference
Correct:
White, S. W. (2000). Elder abuse: Critical care nurse role in
detection. Critical Care Nurse Quarterly, 23(2), 20–25.
Incorrect:
White, S. W. (2000). Elder abuse: Critical care nurse role
in detection. Critical Care Nurse Quarterly, Vol. 23,
No.2, 20–25.
 If no author or title of article, italic the title before the year
Correct:
Canadian Legal Facts. (2003). Retrieved from
http://www.law-faqs.org
Incorrect:
Canadian Legal Facts. (2003). Retrieved from
http://www.law-faqs.org
Reference Page
Examples below would be double spaced in your paper
24. Punctuation in Punctuation in References “Period” or “comma”
References
 Always put a period after the author before the (year) and
“Period” or
after the year
“comma”
Correct:
APA, 2010, p.
Department of Justice Canada. (2003). Criminal Code of
49-51, 180–
Canada. Retrieved from
183).
http:laws.justice.gc.ca/en/c-46/41387

Initials only and period, of authors first names, not their
whole first name
 Period after the database, not a colon, database is not
capital
Incorrect:
Department of Justice Canada (2008) Criminal Code of
Canada. Retrieved on May 22, 2008 from
http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/c-46/41387.html.
Correct:
Butcher, J. V. (2000). Federal courts and the Native
American sex offender. Federal Sentencing
Reporter, (13)2, 85.
14
•
“period”
At the end of
references – but
not at the end of
a URL
Period is required at the end of each reference – but not at
the end of a URL
Incorrect:
Butcher, John V. (2000). Federal courts and the Native
American sex offender. Federal Sentencing Reporter.
(13)2, 85
Correct:
Editor(s) and
edition
(Eds.).
Editor is capital
Edition is not
capitalized
(2nd ed.).
Note where the
periods and
commas go
Kent-Wilkinson, A. (2010). Cultural contextual aspects of
mental health care. In W. Austin & M. A. Boyd (Eds.),
Psychiatric nursing for Canadian practice (2nd ed., pp. 29–
44). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
In correct:
Kent-Wilkinson, A. (2010). Cultural contextual aspects of
mental health care. In W. Austin & M. A. Boyd (eds.),
Psychiatric nursing for Canadian practice. (2nd Edition,
29–44). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams &
Wilkins.
Correct:
Waldram, J. B., Herring, D. A., & Young, T. K. (2006).
Aboriginal health in Canada: Historical, cultural and
epidemiological perspectives (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON:
University of Toronto Press.
Incorrect:
Waldram, J. B., Herring, D. A., & Young, T. K.
(2006) Aboriginal health in Canada: Historical,
cultural and epidemiological perspectives. (2nd ed.).
Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Reference Page
15
Examples below would be double spaced in your paper
25.
Punctuation in
References “Comma”
APA, 2010, p.
182-184).
Punctuation in References -“Comma”
 Comma goes: after each author surname, after the period
of the author’s first name initial, before the &, but not
before the Year
 Comma after Journal title and Journal number, not a period.
Correct is:
Hatmaker, D., Pinholster, L., & Saye, J. (2002). A
community-based approach to sexual assault. Public
Health Nursing, 19(2), 124–127.
Incorrect is:
Hatmaker, D. Pinholster, L. & Saye, J., (2002). A communitybased approach to sexual assault. Public Health Nursing.
19(2): 124–127.

Comma is required after 2003, in Retrieved June 1, 2003,
from
Correct in APA 2010 is:
Kent-Wilkinson, A. (2003). Forensic education.
Retrieved from http://www.forensiceducation.com
Incorrect is:
Kent-Wilkinson, A. (2003). Forensic education. Retrieved
Jan. 1, 2006 from: http://www.forensiceducation.com
26.
Spaces
Authors initials
(APA, 2010, p.
49–51).
1 space only
after the year
Spaces
 Authors first initials require 1 space between each
 Only 1 space is required between the year and title (2002).
Title
 Do not include a space between the volume and the
number
No space
between the
Volume and the
Number
(APA, 2010, p.
49–51, 59, 87–
88).
Correct is:
Ling, M. S., & Luker, K. A. (2000). Protecting children:
Intuition and awareness in the work of health visitors.
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(3), 572–579.
Incorrect is:
Ling, M.S., & Luker, K.A. ( 2000). Protecting children:
Intuition and awareness in the work of health visitors.
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32 (3), 572–579.
Reference Page
16
Examples below would be double spaced in your paper (APA, 2001, p. 299)
27. Ampersand
Ampersand “&” not “and”
“&” not “and”
 Between two authors and before last author use “&” not
(APA, 2010, p.
“and”
175).
Correct:
See Tip #9 for
use within the
body of the
paper
28. Referencing
Page numbers
APA 2010, 202–
203, section
7.02
Waldram, J. B., Herring, D. A., & Young, T. K.
(2006). Aboriginal health in Canada: Historical, cultural
and epidemiological perspectives (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON:
University of Toronto Press.
Incorrect:
Waldram, J. B., Herring, D. A., and Young, T. K.
(2006). Aboriginal health in Canada: Historical, cultural
and epidemiological perspectives (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON:
University of Toronto Press.
Referencing page numbers
 Do not use p. or pp. or pg. before the pages numbers in
Reference page.
 When an electronic database indicate 6 pages, figure out
the page length
Do not use p. in Correct is:
Reference page McCracken, L. M. (1999). Living forensics: A natural
(APA, 2010, p.
evolution in emergency care. Accident and Emergency
101).
Nursing, 7, 211–216.
Incorrect is:
Electronic
databases page McCracken, L. M. (1999). Living forensics: A natural
evolution in emergency care. Accident and Emergency
numbers
Nursing, 7, p.211 (6p).
(APA, 2010, p. ).
Page ranges:
use en dash not
hyphen
(APA, 2010, p.
49–51; 97).
When citing page ranges use en dash rather than hyphen (APA,
2010, p. 49–51, 97).
• Incorrect APA: (p. 142-152).
• Correct APA: (p. 142–152).
To reference a chapter in a book
Examples of referencing book chapters are on page 202–205.
Reference Page
Examples below would be double spaced in your paper (APA, 2001, p. 299)
17
29. Retrieved from
APA 2010
No longer use
the retrieval
date
Retrieved from
(APA, 2010, p.
192, 199–200).
Correct is Retrieved from http://www.
Incorrect is Retrieved from, http://www.
Incorrect is Retrieved from: http://www.
Incorrect is Retrieved May 7, 2015 from: http://www.
• APA 2010 recommends to not use the date of retrieval
• See examples below
Punctuation “Colon”
 Always capitalize the first word after a colon in a title
Correct in APA 2010 is :
Punctuation
“Colon”
Capitalize after
the colon
(APA, 2010, p.
101).
Capitalize the
Name of a
Report (APA,
2010, p. 206)
What to
Capitalize?
(APA, 2010, p.
101).
Canadian Diabetes Association. (2011). The sweetness in life:
A diabetes story. Retrieved from
http://www.canadian-heath
network.ca/1aboriginal_peoples.html
Incorrect is:
Canadian Diabetes Association. (2002). The sweetness in life:
A diabetes story. Retrieved from:
http://www.canadianhealth- network.ca/1aboriginal_peoples.html
• Capitalize the each word in the title of Journals but not each
word in the title of books
•
Capitalize the Name of a Report (APA , 2010, p. 206) or the
proper name of an Instrument or Program, otherwise do not
capitalize unless it is the first word after a colon as above
Correct is:
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. (2004, April 23). Report
of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, 3(3).
Retrieved from
http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ch/rcap/sg/sgmm_e.html
Year, month,
day is the proper
order. Do not
abbreviate the
month
Incorrect is:
Correct is:
(2004, April 23).
Correct in APA 2010 is :
Incorrect is
(Apr. 23, 2004).
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. (Apr. 23, 2004). Report
of the royal commission on aboriginal peoples, 3(3).
Retrieved from
http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/ch/rcap/sg/sgmm_e.html
Aboriginal Health Glossary. (2004). Aboriginal health and
cultural diversity online glossary. Prepared by Dr. A. KentWilkinson & M. Tomtene (programmer analyst). College
of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK.
Retrieved from
http://www.usask.ca/nursing/aboriginalglossary
Incorrect is:
Aboriginal Health Glossary. (2004). Aboriginal Health and Cultural
Diversity Online Glossary. Edited by Dr. A. Kent-Wilkinson
18
& M. Tomtene (programmer analyst). College of Nursing,
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK. Retrieved Jan. 2,
2006, from http://www.usask.ca/nursing/aboriginalglossary
30a
Internet
Sources
(APA, 2010)
30b How to
reference a
You Tube
video?
31
How to use the
new doi format
in APA Style
doi
Internet Sources
 Do not underline or bold the url in the references
Correct:
National Aboriginal Health Organization. (2015). Advacncing
the health and well-being of First Nation, Inuit and Métis.
Health Canada. Retrieved from http://www.naho.ca/
Incorrect:
National Aboriginal Health Organization. (2015). Advacncing
the health and well-being of First Nation, Inuit and Métis.
Health Canada. Retrieved from http://www.naho.ca
How to create a You Tube reference in APA
http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2011/10/how-to-create-areference-for-a-youtube-video.html
New in APA (2014)
Add the Prefix http://dx.doi.org/ or http://doi.org/ in place of doi:
to provide a direct link to the article. This negates the need to
use “Retrieved from” when you have the doi number
American Psychiatric Association. (2014, July 14). How to use the new
doi format in APA style (By Jeff Hume-Pratuch). APA Style Blog.
Retrieved from
http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/digital-object-identifier-doi/
Old way
Kent-Wilkinson, A., Dietrich Leurer, M., Luimes, J., Ferguson, L.,
& Murray, L. (2015). Study abroad: Exploring factors
influencing nursing students’ decisions to apply for clinical
placements in international settings. Nurse Education
Today, 35(8), 941–947. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.012
New way
CrossRef changed the format of the DOI to a more user-friendly one
in the form of a URL:
Kent-Wilkinson, A., Dietrich Leurer, M., Luimes, J., Ferguson, L.,
& Murray, L. (2015). Study abroad: Exploring factors
influencing nursing students’ decisions to apply for clinical
placements in international settings. Nurse Education
Today, 35(8), 941–947.
19
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.012 or
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.012
Correct:
• doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.01
• http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.012
• http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.012
Incorrect:
• http://doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.01
• doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.01
• Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.01
Common Writing Errors
Anthropomorphism (Avoidance of)
20
•
Do not attribute human characteristics to animals or inanimate sources (APA , 2010, p.
69)
Incorrect
The study identified 46 undergraduate nursing degree programs across Canada through an online
survey method. The study found that 36 (78.26%) out of the 46 programs offered a stand-alone
mental health theory course.
Correct
Vandyk (2015) identified 46 undergraduate nursing degree programs across Canada through an
online survey method, and found that 36 (78.26%) out of the 46 programs offered a stand-alone
mental health theory course.
Avoid ending a sentence with an “ing” verb
Incorrect
...and acknowledge the barriers still existing
Correct
...and acknowledge the barriers that continue to exist.
3-24 Abbreviations Latin
e.g., for example
i.e., that is
(APA, 2010, p. 180).
Active or Passive Voice
APA says avoid the passive voice and use the active voice with “I”
(APA, 2010, p. ).
It/ All/this/that/ these/those
In scholarly writing, never use “it”, “these” “those”
usually better to state again what “it” is what “these” are?
All what? Like this/that, one needs an accompanying noun
(APA, 2010, p. 66, 68, 79–80).
Ampersand
Use of ‘&’ and ‘and’
(APA, 2010, p. 175, 184).
Use ‘&’ inside the parenthesis (Smith & Jones, 2012)
Use ‘and’ outside the parenthesis Smith and Jones (2012)
Use ‘&’ in the references pages
Smith, W., & Jones, D. (2012).
21
Anthropomorphism (Avoidance of)
(APA, 2010, p. 69).
Because - Use “Because” not “as” or “while”
Because I wanted to both explore and explain phenomena,
(APA, 2010, p. 84).
Capitalization
Do not capitalize names of laws, theories, models or hypotheses (APA, 2001, p. 97, 101–104).
Examples: the empirical law of effect; harm reduction model; adult learning model
• the empirical law of effect
• harm reduction model
• adult learning model (APA, 2001, p. 97).(APA, 2010, p. 101–104).
Capitalization of proper nouns and trade names (APA, 2010, p. 102–103).
Capitalization
Nouns followed by Numeral or Letters
Capitalize nouns followed by numerals or letters that denote a specific place in a numbered
series.
• As shown in Table 2 Figure 3B
• On Day 2 of Experiment 4
(APA, 2010, p. 112).
Exception
Do not capitalize nouns that denote common parts of books or tables
followed by numerals or letters
• chapter 4
• page iv
• row 3
• column 5
(APA, 2010, p. 112).
Colloquial Expressions (Avoid)
e.g., quite a large part, practically all, a very few, most all
(APA, 2010, p. 68).
Comma
(APA, 2010, p. 88–89, 94, 184).
Comma (Punctuation)
22
Between elements before and and or
- The height, weight, or depth
- The height, weight, and depth
-In a study by Smith, Jones, and Woods
(APA, 2010, p. 88–89, 94, 184).
Comma use before “and”
(APA, 2010, p. 88-89).
Correct is
Practice roles, publications, research, and education all developed simultaneously while the
media stimulated the awareness and interest of this specialty among people inside and outside
the field.
Incorrect is
Practice roles, publications, research and education all developed simultaneously while the
media stimulated the awareness and interest of this specialty among people inside and outside
the field.
Computer Symbols
Most keyboards do not have all the symbols or punctuation we need. A good website for
computer symbols is:
Windows – Computer Symbols
• In Windows select on INSERT on your toolbar then select on Symbols up in the upper
right corner and select the symbol of choice.
Or
Symbols
http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codealt.html
Penn State. (2015). Windows: Alt key numeric codes. Teaching and learning with technology:
Accents, symbols and foreign scripts. Pennsylvania State University. Retrieved from
http://symbolcodes.tlt.psu.edu/accents/codealt.html
•
–en dash– for page range, [example 7–14]
• Place the cursor where you want to insert the en dash –
• Turn on your “Numeric lock” key on your Numeric keypad at the far right of your
keyboard,
• Hold down ALT key,
• select 0150 on the keyboard, release ALT
— for the longer em dash Turn on Numeric lock, hold down ALT select 0151 on the
keyboard, release ALT
Métis
•
•
Place the cursor where you want to insert the é
Turn on Numeric lock on your Numeric key pad at the far right of your keyboard,
23
•
• Hold down ALT key,
• Type 0233 on your numeric keypad, release ALT key
For á Turn on Numeric lock, hold down ALT select 0225 on the keyboard, release ALT á
Dash
(APA, 2010, p. 90).
Use –en dash– for page range 7–14.
(APA, 2010, p. 49–50).
Hyphen: use no space before or after (e.g., trial-by-trial analysis)
See page 92 of APA 2001 for prefixes that do not require hyphens
Infra, Inter, intra
(APA, 2010, p. 97).
Hyphens and Dashes (Differences between)
(APA, 2010, p. 97).
em dash:
En dash type as an em dash or as two hyphens with no space before or after to set off
an element added to amplify or to digress from the man clause (e.g., studies--published
and unpubished-en dash: type as an en dash with no space before or after. En dashes are used between
words o equal weight in a compounds adjective (eg., Chicago-London flight).
Hyphenation of compound words
verb (open) solid noun or adjective (hyphenated)
follow up followup
follow-up
database not data base is now correct
lifestyle not life-style in now correct
(APA, 2010, p. 97, 101).
Italics (when to use)
(APA, 2010, p. 104, 106, Section 4.21).
Location: Publisher (See APA, 2010, p. 187)
Correct APA: New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Incorrect APA: New York: McGraw-Hill.
24
Correct APA: Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Incorrect APA: Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Correct APA: Washington, DC: Author.
Incorrect APA: Washington: Author.
Metaphors
On the radar
(APA, 2010, p. 70).
Parallelism (APA, 2009, p. 84–85).
Between and
Both and
Either and or
Neither and nor
(APA, 2010, p. 85–86).
Parenthesis and brackets
(APA, 2001, p. 86–87)
Back to back with brackets
(APA, 2010, p. 94).
Parallel Construction (Use of)
(APA, 2010, p. 84–85).
Paragraphs (avoid use of a single sentence in a paragraph)
(APA, 2010, p. 68).
Paragraphs (long)
(APA, 2010, p. ).
Plural Words Commonly misspelled
Single
Plural
appendix
appendixes
datum
data
phenomenon
phenomena
(APA, 2010, p. 96).
Plurals of Numbers
25
To form the plurals of numbers, whether expressed in figures or in words
add an s without an apostrophe.
1950s, 1990s, 10s and 20s, fours and sixes
(APA, 2010, p. 114).
Prefix
(APA, 2010, p. 99)
Pronouns (this, that, these, those)
Incorrect - This is what he meant
Correct - This idea is what he meant
Incorrect - Those are ready
Correct - Those reports are ready
See 3.09 Precision and Clarity (APA, 2010, p. 66, 68, 79–80).
Quotation Marks, Italic
Single Quotation (APA, 2010, p. 92).
Double Quotations (APA, 2010, p. 91).
Direct Quotation (APA, 2010, p. 170–171).
Relative Pronouns and Subordinate Conjunctions
• That versus which
• While and since
• While versus although
• Since versus because
(APA, 2010, p. 84).
Sentences (Long)
(APA, 2010, p. ).
% versus percent
Use the symbol for % only when it is preceded by a numeral,
Use the word “percentage” when a number is not given
• 18% of rates
• The percentage of rats
Exception: in the figure legends and table headings
use the symbol % to conserve space
(APA, 2010, p. 118, 111–112).
Tense (Past or Present Tense)
26
Use the past tense for reporting past events
(APA, 2010, p. ).
1).
Main APA (2010) Differences from APA (2001)
Running head. The Running head now appears on every page in the header not
just on the cover page as APA, 2001 required. “Running head” is in the left of the
header. The title of the header is all capitals and the page number remains on the
far right in the header (APA, 2010, p. 23, 198, 229). Examples of “papers” on page 41–59
of APA, 2010.
2).
Level of Headings. The five levels of heading for journals in the 6th edition
differ significantly from the 5th edition (APA, 2001). Levels 1-4 are in boldface, and the
previously level 1 heading that was all capitals is no longer a level of heading. However,
capitalization of all words is used in the Running head. See 3.03 (APA, 2010, p. 62–63).
See example manuscript (APA, 2010, p. 41–51).
3).
Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The DOI is recommended in the reference citation in
place of the URL whenever the DOI is known (APA, 2010, p. 187–189, 189–192, 198).
4).
Retrieved from. APA (2010) recommends to not include the retrieval date – Do not
include retrieval dates unless the source may chance over time (e.g., Wikis) (APA, 2010,
p. 101, 192, 199–200).
5)
Spaces after periods. Periods at the end of sentences are to be followed by two
spaces, as they were in editions previous to the fifth edition, rather than the single
space Edition 5 dictated. However, 1 space is still the rule for periods after author initials
and other parts of reference citations See 4.01 (APA, 2010, pp. 87–88). For periods in
abbreviations (e.g., U.S.) no space occurs after the period (p. 88).
Do not use periods with capital letter abbreviations and acronyms; state or province
abbreviations (e.g., NY, BC, SK) (e.g., APA, WHO)
APA References
27
American Psychological Association. (2009). Concise rules of APA style. The official
pocket style guide from the American Psychological Association (6th ed.).
Washington, D.C.: APA. Retrieved from
http://www.apa.org/pubs/books/4210004.aspx
American Psychological Association. (2010). APA style. What’s new in the sixth
edition? Retrieved from http://www.apastyle.org/manual/whats-new.aspx
American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American
Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
ISBN: 1-4338-0560-X
ISBN 13: 978-1-4338-0560-8
American Psychiatric Association. (2015). How to use the new doi format in APA style ( By Jeff
Hume-Pratuch). APA Style Blog. Retrieved from
http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/digital-object-identifier-doi/
Baggs, J. G., & Froman, R. (2009, August 31). Editorial. It's b-a-a-a-a-a-a-ck again, or
how to live with the new APA manual: Reprise for Edition 6 (p n/a). Research in Nursing
& Health, 32(4), 1–3. doi: 10.1002/nur.20351
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/33706/home.
Levasseur, R. E. (2007). ABCs of APA style. St. Augustine, FL: Mindfire Press.
•
•
•
•
APA Guideline changes http://www.aug.edu/elcse/2010APAGuidelineChanges.pdf
End note update: http://www.endnote.com/support/enapa6thstyle.asp
Frequently Asked Questions: http://www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/index.aspxQuick notes:
Tutorial: http://flash1r.apa.org/apastyle/whatsnew/index.htm
References - Scholarly Writing
28
Bean, J. C., & Weimer, M. (2011). Engaging ideas: The professor's guide to integrating writing,
critical thinking, and active learning in the classroom (2nd edition). San Francisco, CA:
Jossey-Bass.
Bennett, P. (2010). How to write a paper. International Emergency Nursing, 18(4), 226–
230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2010.04.003
Belcher, W. L. (2009). Writing your journal article in twelve weeks: A guide to academic
publishing success. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Retrieved from
https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/writing-your-journal-article-in-twelveweeks/book231055
Dusick, D. M. (2011). The art and science of scholarly writing. Orlando, FL: Walden
University. Retrieved from www. bold-ed.com/art.pdf
Faigley, L. (2014). The Little Penguin handbook (4th edition) Don mills, ON: Pearson
Longman. Retrieved from
http://www.amazon.ca/The-Little-Penguin-Handbook- Edition/dp/0321945565
Hallas, D., & Feldman, H. R. (2006). A guide to scholarly writing in nursing. Retrieved from
www.nsna.org/.../0/.../imprint_sept06_backschool_hallas-feldman[1].pdf
Lambert, V. A., Lambert, C. E., & Tsukahara, M. (2003). Basic tips about writing a scholarly
manuscript. Nursing & Health Sciences, 5(1), 1–2. Retrieved from
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2018.2003.00137.x
Levasseur, R. E. (2006). Leadership and change in the 21st Century: A synthesis of modern
theory, research, and practice. St. Augustine, FL: Mindfire Press.
Levasseur, R. E. (2006). Student to scholar: The guide for doctoral students. St. Augustine,
29
FL: Mindfire Press.
Levasseur, R. E. (2009). Scholarly writing. St. Augustine, FL: Mindfire Press. Retrieved
from http://www.mindfirepress.com/Scholarly_Writing.html
Levasseur, R. E. (2011). Dissertation research: An integrative approach. St. Augustine, FL:
Mindfire Press.
Moser, J. (2012). Guidelines for writing scholarly papers. Department of History and
Political Science, Ashland University. Retrieved from
http://personal.ashland.edu/~jmoser1/papers.html
Tornquist, E. (2006). Introduction to scholarly writing. In J. M. Phillips & C. R. King
(Eds.), Advancing Oncology Nursing Science (Chapter 20, pp. 437–448). The
Oncology Nursing Society.
References - Writing for Publication
Lawson, L. & Peternelj-Taylor, C. (2006). What do I do now, coach? What to do when your
professor says you have a publishable manuscript. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 2, 161–162,
164.
Peternelj-Taylor, C. (2010). Calling all presenters. Journal of Forensic Nursing, 6, 107–109.
Peternelj-Taylor, C. (2010). In praise of peer reviewers and the peer review process. Journal of
Forensic Nursing, 6, 159–161.
Peternelj-Taylor, C. (2011). Is impostor syndrome getting in the way of writing for the Journal
of Forensic Nursing? Journal of Forensic Nursing, 7, 57–59.
Peternelj-Taylor, C. (2011). Licking your wounds: Responding to the peer review process.
Journal of Forensic Nursing, 7, 157–15
30
Referencing – Management Tools
Endnotes http://endnote.com/
• Software tool for publishing and managing bibliographies, citations and references on the
Windows and Macintosh desktop
RefWorks http://www.refworks.com/
• An online research management, writing and collaboration tool -- is designed to help
researchers easily gather, manage, store and share all types of information, as well as generate
citations and bibliographies.
Websites on Grammar
Grammarly.com http://www.grammarly.com/?q=proofreading
• Grammar checker. World’s most accurate grammar checker!
Websites Sample Papers
*APA Sample Paper
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/18/20090212013008_560[1].pdf
APA Sample Paper for Students Medicine Hat College apa_sample_paper_6th_ed[1].pd
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