S
S
RESOURCE
II
ATLAS
NATURAL
HUMAN
ECONOMIC
PUBLIC
APRIL 1973
PROJECT
EXTENSION
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
S
Gilliam County, Oregon
NATURAL
RESOURCE
ATLAS
HUN
ECONOMIC
PUBLIC
April 1973
Oregon State University Extension Service
Prepared by Ron Scharback, Research Assistant,
Under the supervision of: Robert 0. Coppedge,
Extension Economist, and Russell C. Youmans,
Extension Resource Economist,
Department of Agricultural Economics
For sale by the Extension Business Office, Extension Hall 118,
Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331. $2.50 per copy.
MILES
tO
15
GILLIAM
20
COUNTY
LEGEND
PRIMARY HIGHWAYS 0
SECONDARY HIGHWAYS
COUNTY ROADS
INTERSTATE HIGHWAYSC
CONTENTS
Page
General Description
1
Physical Aspects
Climate
Soils
Soil Characteristics
Land Capability
Land Ownership
Land Use
Agricultural Land
Forest Land
Water
Minerals
Wildlife
2
2
Land Capability
4
5
5
8
8
12
12
12
16
16
Human Resources
Population
Employment
Income
Education
Health
Public Welfare
Housing
18
18
21
28
30
33
36
37
The County's Economy
Agriculture
Logging and Wood Products
Manufacturing
Mining
Outdoor Recreation
Business
38
38
45
46
48
Public Service
Transportation
Communication
Library Facilities
Utilities
49
49
51
52
53
Public Finance
54
Selected List of Agencies
61
Selected Bibliography
63
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Gilliam County was established in 1885 from a portion of Wasco
County
It is named for Colonel Cornelius Gilliam who fought in the
Cayuse War
The original county seat was located in Alkali, now
Arlington
Condon is currently the county seat, as well as Gilliam
County's largest city
The area is devoted mainly to agriculture,
particularly cattle and wheat
Gilliam County encompasses an area of 773,120 acres, 2 0 percent
of the total area of Oregon, and ranks 24th among counties in area
The county contains 1,218 square miles of which 1,037 lie within the
John Day River Basin
A bess mantle covers most of Gilliam County
The land slopes toward the Columbia River and is part of the Umatilla
plateau.
The county has a continental climate, with low winter and high
summer temperatures
It has low annual precipitation and very dry
summers
Elevations range from 147 feet at the river mouth to 4,000
feet along the county line
The frost-free growing season varies from 50 days at higher
elevations to 200 days along the Columbia River
Where dryland grains
are raised it varies from 120 to 170 days
About 93 percent of the county is in private ownership, and 7
percent is publicly owned.
Gilliam County is located in the northern-central part of Oregon.
The county is bounded on the west by Sherman County, on the south by
Wheeler County, on the east by Morrow County, and on the north by the
Columbia River.
The county seat, Condon is approximately 198 miles east of Salem,
151 miles east of Portland, 261 miles north of Eugene and 103 miles
west of Pendleton
A brief summary of the major facts for the county
are noted below.
Area:
1,218 square miles
773,120 acres
Elevation at Condon:
2,844 feet
Average Temperature:
Summer - 63 9
Winter - 33 9
County Seat:
SOURCES
Population:
2,342
(July 1, 1972)
True Cash Value:
$66,996,305 (1971)
Principle Industries:
Agriculture, Livestock raisin
Transportation
Condon
Oregon State Executive Department, Clay Meyers, Secretary of State,
Oregon Blue Book, 1971-72, January 1971, Oregon State University
Cooperative Extension, Agriculture in Oregon Counties Farm Sales
and General Characteristics, Special Report 330, Oregon State
'University, June 1971.
PHYSICAL ASPECTS
Gilliam County is located on the Columbia River plateau which
contains basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic lava flows and eruptive
materials such as ash and tuff.
The county includes Quaternary, Tertiary, Cretaceous, Jurassic,
and Permian periods. The valley includes young and old alluvium.
The soils on steep and very steep southerly exposures are generally
very stony and shallow; these soils are also limited to range use.
Gilliam County lies within the iimatilla plateau. The lower portion
of the county, within the plateau area, slopes gently toward the
Columbia River.
Elevations range from 265 feet at the river mouth to
nearly 4,000 feet along the south Gilliam County line. The John Day
River and tributaries are entrenched in the lava plateau with relatively
narrow and flat bottom-lands at scattered locations. The lands on the
plateau are generally smooth and rolling, but the drainage pattern is
characterized by steep swales and narrow canyons with abrupt sides.
Climate
Gilliam County's climate is generally semi-arid, characterized by a
low annual precipitation, low winter temperatures and high summer temperatures. Torrential rain storms occur occasionally in the spring and
summer seasons causing severe soil erosion, flood damage to soil and
crops, and adding little moisture to the soil.
At Arlington (elevation 315 feet) the annual rainfall is about 9
inches with 57 percent of this coming during the months from November
to February. Condon (elevation 2,850 feet) receives an annual rainfall
of about 13 inches, averaging one inch per month except for 2to 3 months.
During a ten year period the temperatur8 ranged from a high of
F. in July at Arlington to a low of -22 F. in December at Condon.
The average growing season varies from 50 days at higher elevations to
200 days along the Columbia River. The growing season on the Gilliam
plateau ranged from 120 to 170 days. The average growing season,
consecutive frost-free days, is 200 days at Arlington to 130-160 says
at Condon. The average temperature recorded at Arington is 54.2
F.
Mean temperature recorded at Condon ranges from 29 F. in January0to
66 F.m July. The average maximum for these same geriods
s 38
and 84 F., respectively, with an average minimum 21 and 49 F.,
respectively.
109
1/ State Water Resources Board, John Day River Basin, 1962.
Table 1.
Station
Temperature and Precipitation, By Month, 1951-1960 Averages
Jan.
Feb.j
Mar.
Apr.
Average
Temperature
Arlington....
Condon
Mikkalo
May June
33.5 40.3
29.5 33.6
31.6 37.0
45.4
7.4
41.5
53.6
44.3
49.2
1.86 1.15
1.71 1.37
1.92 1.10
.90
1.44
1.04
.49
.82
.66
61.6 67.7
51.4 57.9
57.1 63.8
.69
.44
.92
1.75
1.09
60
58
62
67
66
65
78
75
78
88
81
89
100
89
94
73.4
64.0
69.8
66.5
58.6
63.8
54.4
48.3
52.7
.15
.43
.21
.16
.42
.16
.40
.54
.53
.51
.86
.69
106
98
101
97
95
100
90
88
88
69
68
70
65
62
43
32
42
30
26
27
20
19
28
- 5
-13
- 4
11
3
-22
-20
-16
16
21
16
20
27
24
89
161
108
41.0 36.8
36.8 32.5
39.7 34.8
54.2
46.7
51.1
.64
1.21 1.25 9.21
1.41 1.67 13.34
1.15 1.35 10.54
106
97
101
109
102
104
66
109
102
104
degrees Farenheit
-22
-20
-16
-
2
-15
- 5
0
2
8
22
17
18
26
19
26
Mean Number of
Dais with Temp.
32 or Below
Arlington....
Condon
Mikkalo
75.8
66.1
71.9
Nov. Dec. Annual
degrees Farenheit
Lowest
Temperature
Arlington....
Condon
Mikkalo
Sept.j Oct.
inches
Highest
Temperature
Arlington....
Condon
Mikkalo
Aug.
degrees Farenheit
Average
Precipitation
Arlington....
Condon
Mikkalo
July
40
45
27
33
29
38
3
days
19
27
25
14
24
18
12
24
16
4
17
6
0
0
1
+
0
+
+
6
2
4
12
1
0
0
0
+
2
A plus sign indicates more than 0 but less than 0.5
U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of U.S. Climate,
Supplement for 1951-1960, Oregon, No. 86-31, 1965.
SOURCE:
3
Soils
Due to lack of information of soil classification in Gilliam County,
this paper will generalize soil type in the county.
A thin bess mantle covers most of Gilliam County. The silty soils
developed in the bess are on the average 2 to 5 feet deep. Most of
these soils are used for dryland wheat under a summer fallow system
of farming. On the very steep northerly exposures, the soils are derived from bess and they are commonly deep, but rock outcrop and
topography limit these soils to range use. The soils on steep and very
steep southerly exposures are generally very stony and shallow; these
soils are also limited to range use.
On the other hand, most of the soils on the flood plains are
medium to moderately fine textured and moderately deep to very deep.
Although most of these soils are excessively deep and some contain
alkali, most of the land consists of deep, well-drained soils. According to the 1969 Census of Agriculture, 6,828.7 acres of land were
irrigated or 3.6 percent. Most of the low terrace and alluvial fan
soils adjacent to the flood plains are somewhat finer textured than
the flood plain soils, and most of these soils are irrigated.
The basalt plateau area extends south from the Columbia River to
about the Gilliam-Wheeler County line with elevations from less than
1,000 feet in the north to 4,000 feet in the south.
The precipitation
is about 9 inches in the north and increases to about 13 inches in
southern Sherman and Gilliam counties.
Most of the precipitation falls
as rain in the winter and spring months.
The frost-free season is
over 170 days at lower elevations and decreases to 125 days at Condon.
The wind-carried silty bess deposits were blown from the Columbia
River flood plain and adjacent sand plains during the Pleistocene
period. With increasing distance from the source, the deposits become
thinner and somewhat finer in particle size.
Ritzville and Wabla Walla
soils are deep, coarse silt loam soils formed in deeper bess of the
northern part of the area. The Ritzville series is formed under lower
precipitation and has a calcareous lower subsoil. An undetermined
amount of Ritzville shown on the soil map has a light-colored surface
and may be mapped in the future as the Shano series. Walla Walla
soils have moderately dark surfaces. Condon soils are moderately deep
with finer silt loam textures and are similar to Walla Walla soils in
color. Morrow soils are moderately deep, moderately fine-textured
soils in southern Gilliam and Morrow counties. Waha soils are darkcolored soils with moderately fine-textured subsoils. They occur at
higher elevations close to the forest-grass transition zone.
Walvan soils are dark grayish silty soils formed in ashy pockets
on north slopes in areas with Morrow and Condon soils. Walvan soils
are minor in extent.
Ritzville, Walla Walla, Condon, and Morrow soils are extensive,
stone-free, and occur mostly on relatively smooth plateau topography.
They are used primarily for small grain production under a grain-fallow
rotation.
-4-
Bakeoven soils are very shallow, very stony soils that occur on
narrow sloping ridges and upper shoulders of side slopes. They often
occur as "scabland" between small mounds of Condon and Morrow soils in
locations where the bess mantle has been partially removed by erosion.
Lickski].].et soils are shallow, very stony soils of the steeper south
slopes.
Nansene and Wrentham soils are very stony moderately deep, darkKuhl and Starbuck are minor
surfaced soils of steeper north slopes.
soils of steeper slopes. These steeper slopes and canyon lands are used
for range.
Stream bottoms of the lower basin are generally narrow and not
Esquatzel, soils are light-colored; Yakima soils are modextensive.
erately deep to gravel. Some irrigation is practiced on these small
nearly level alluvial areas. Flooding may occur at infrequent intervals.
The Columbia Basin area occurs near the Columbia River in northern
It is the western end of the Umatilla Plain, a large
Gilliam County.
predominantly sandy area lying chiefly in the thnatilla Basin. Elevations
are less than 1,100 feet. The precipitation is 9 to 10 inches annually.
The frost-free period ranges from 180 days to 200 days. The parent
materials are unconsolidated sandy, silty, and gravelly sediments, chiefly
of Pleistocene age.
The Quincy soils are deep, loamy sand or sand in texture, and formed
in windworked deposits. Koehier soils are loamy sand with a hardpan in
Ephrata variant soils are sandy loam in texture and
the lower subsoil.
Sagehill soils are formed in fine, sandy
less than 20 inches to bedrock.
loam wind-blown deposits less than 40 inches deep over silty lacustrine
The Sagemoor series consists of light-colored silt loam or
sediments.
(Gr) and (Kr)
very fine sandy loam soils formed in lacustrine sediments.
(Gr) soils are on old
are unnamed proposed series of limited extent.
outwash terraces. They are shallow, medium textured soils underlain by
gravel.
(Kr) soils are moderately deep soils underlain by tuffaceious
sediments. They have sandy loam surface horizons and clayey subsoils.
The major use of this area is range land with some dryland grain.
farming on the less droughty soils.
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND LAND CAPABILITY
Land Capability
An interpretive grouping of soils into "Land Capability Classification" has been developed by the Soil Conservation Service. This
grouping shows, in general, how suitable soils are for most kinds of
Soil characteristics such as depth, texture, wetness, slope,
farming.
erosion hazard, overflow hazard, permeability, structure, reaction,
waterholding capacity, inherent fertility and climatic conditions as
they influence the use and management of 1an are considered in grouping soils into eight land capability classes. These eight classes are
designated by Roman numerals. The hazards and limitations of use
Class I land
of the groups increase as the class number increases.
has few hazards or limitations, whereas Class VIII land is so limited
that it is unfit for cultivation and grazing. This land can be used
oiily for recreation, wildlife habitat or water supply.
The classification can be broken into two divisions:
(1) land in
capability classes I through IV is generally suited for cultivation
and other uses; and (2) land in capability classes V through VIII is
best suited for range, forestry and wildlife. Land capability classes
are sometimes divided into subclasses to indicate the dominating
limitation or hazard. The subclasses are "e" for wind or water erosion,
"w" for wetness or frequent inundation from overflow, "s" for soil
limitations and "c" for climatic limitations.
Gilliam County is divided into three major capability classes.
In
the northern quarter of the county, Class VI prevails. This class is
defined as moderately well-suited for grazing or forestry. The southeastern section of the county, also contains large acreage of the class.
Classes III and VIII are intermingled throughout the area running from
the northeastern section to the southwestern section of the county.
Class III is defined as moderately good cultivable land; and Class VII
as fairly well-suited for grazing or forestry.
An inventory of land use was taken by the Oregon Conservation Needs
Committee in 1967 and published in 1971. The acreage covered by the
inventory included about 48 percent of the total land area in Oregon by
county. Most of the excluded area was federally owned land on which
conservation programs were already in progress.
The inventory was developed from basic data regarding:
(1) present
acreage in major uses and (2) acreage of each land use classified by
physical problems affecting its use. The estimates of needs for conservation treatment, for each major land use, were based on observed
hs.
samples of the inventory acreage.
Table 2.
Use of Gilliam County Inventory Acreage by Capability Class,
in Acres, 1967
Capability
Class
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
Total
SOURCE:
Cropland
j
Use
Pasture-Range J
O
13,928
266,192
8,319
0
0
84,329
60,428
O
8,449
500
0
68,995
188,490
0
297,338
0
402,242
Forest
0
0
0
0
0
Other Landi
0
0
897
0
Total
0
13,928
351,418
68,747
0
0
0
0
0
5,390
78,034
188,990
5,390
590
6,287
706,507
590
0
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon Soil and Water Conservation
Needs Inventory, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, 1971.
-6-
Table 3.
Land Area and Use of Inventory Acreage, Gilliam County, 1967
Use
Acres
Inventory Acreage
Cropland
Pasture
Range
Forest
Woodland
Other Land
402,242
590
6,287
Total Inventory Acres
706,507
297,388
Percent of Total Land Area
in Inventory
91. 22%
Non-Inventory Acreage
Federal Land
Urban and Build-up Areas
Water Areas
57,284
10,004
605
Total Non-Inventory Acres
67,893
Total Land Area
SOURCE:
774,500
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon Soil and Water Conservation
Needs Inventory, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, 1971.
7
Table 4.
Conservation Treatment Needs, Gilliam County, 1967
C lass if icati on
Total Acreage
Acreage Needing Treatment
J
ALL CROPLAND
Types of treatment needed:
Residue cover
Strip croping
Permanent cover
Other
297,388
RANGE LAND
Type of treatment needed:
Establishment of vegetation
Improvement of vegetation
402,242
119,243
44,448
8,505
2,462
298,522
59,073
239,449
FOREST AND WOODLAND
Description of problems:
Improvement of timber stand
Protection of stand
Establishment of vegetative cover
OTHER LAND
SOURCE:
174,658
590
590
200
290
100
6,287
4,191
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon Soil and Water Conservation Needs Inventory, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, 1971.
Land Ownership
In this report, land ownership in Gilliam County is classified as
either public lands, including federal, state, and county, or private
lands.
About 93 percent of Gilliam County is privately owned. Most of
the private land is in farms. Approximately 6 percent of the county is
in federal ownership, of which 80 percent is managed by the Bureau of Land
Management.
The majority of the remaining federal land is administered
by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Corps of Engineers.
About one percent of the county is owned by the State of Oregon.
About 70 percent of the state-owned land is administered by the Highway
Commission, and 30 percent by the Land Board.
Approximately .7 percent of Gilliam County is owned by the county
and consists of county and city parks, municipalities and road rights-ofway.
Land Use
Land use in the county is primarily devoted to agriculture.
Very
little land is in forest land, or used for purposes such as cities,
towns, and roads.
-8--
Table 5.
Land Use and Ownership, Gilliam County, 1964
Item
acres
Land Use
Urban
Industrial
Military
Intensive Agriculture
Dryland Farming
Forests
Parks
Conservation
Grazing
Non-Productive Land
Total Land Area
State
Gilliam County
percent
percent
.49
.16
10
294,670
38.02
6.52
3.33
44.84
.32
480,370
61.98
2.25
41.50
.49
775,040
100.00
100.00
721,087
53,973
41,715
6,989
5,269
93.00
7.00
5.40
54.20
55.80
51.80
2.90
1.10
Land Ownership
Private Land Ownership
Public Land Ownership
Federal
State
Local
SOURCE:
.90
.70
Oregon Depatment orPlanning and Development, Resources for Development,
March 1964.
9
Table 6.
Federal Land Ownership in Gilliam County by Agency, 1962
Agency
Gilliam County
Bureau of Land Management
U.S. Forest Service
Fish and Wildlife Service
Bureau of Reclamation
National Park Service
Navy
Corps of Engineers
Army
Agricultural Research Service
Bonneville Power Administration.
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Federal Aviation Agency
Maritime Administration
Air Force
Coast Guard
Veterans Administration
Federal Communications Commission
Bureau of Mines
Post Office Department
General Services Administration
Public Health Service
All Federal Agencies
Percent Federal Ownership
State Total
acres
percent
percent
32,038
76.80
49.90
47.00
6,650
15.90
2,961
7.10
1.40
.50
.50
.30
.20
10
10
.01
.01
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
41,716
100.00
5.40
100.00
51.80
* Less than .01% of total ownership
SOURCE: Carolan, W.B., Jr., Federal Land in Oregon, Oregon State University, 1963
- 10 -
Table 7.
State Land Ownership in Gilliam County by Agency, 1970
Gilliam County
Agency
State
acres
percent
Division of State Lands
Board of Forestry
Highway Commission
Parks
Office and Maintenance
Game Commission
Higher Education
Board of control
State Engineer
Military Department
Board of Aeronautics
Fish Commission
lair Commission
Liquor Commission
Public Employees Retirement Board
Department of Veterans Affairs
Finance and Administration
1,650
37.10
TOTAL
percent
45.60
36.80
0
5
9
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0
.01
.02
2,764
62.10
4,451
100.00
4.30
3.30
1.00
.37
.24
.08
.05
.03
.01
.50
*
*
*
100.00
*Less than .01% of total ownership
SOURCE: Oregon State Lands Division, Inventory of State-Owned Real Property, By
County, January, 1970.
Table 8
Land Area in Highways, Strrets, and Roads, Gilliam County
Ownership
Gilliam County
acres
percent
State Highways
County Roads
City Streets
3,710
3,565
125
50.10
48.20
1.70
TOTAL
7,400
100.00
SOURCE:
Oregon State Department of Revenue and Oregon State Highway Division.
Agricultural Land - 1969
The land in Gilliam County in agriculture consisted of 480,211 acres
of pasture land and range land, 11,380 acres of woodland, and 268,819
acres of cropland.
Pasture land and grazed woodland constitute about 65 percent of the
county area.
Pasture land is defined as non-cropland pasture, and grazed
woodland as land grazed by livestock that is at least 10 percent stocked
with trees.
About 35 percent of the county area is cropland.
cropland are for small grains and hay crops.
Table
9.
The major uses of
Land in Farms, Gilliam County, 1969
Acres
I tern
Percent
Total Land Area
Proportion in Farms
773, 120
100.00
Acres in Farms
Cropland Harvested
Cropland Pasture
Other Cropland
Woodland
Other Land
760,410
115,697
24,811
128,311
11,380
480,211
100.00
15.20
3.30
16.90
1.50
63.10
SOURCE:
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1969 Vol. 1,
Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1972.
Forest Lands 1/
There are less than 500 acres of commercial forest land in Gilliam
County and no national forest or other public forest lands.
As a result, there
are less than 2 million board feet of growing sawtimber in the county.
Water
There are three major sources of drainage in Gilliam County.
Thirty
Mile Creek and its tributaries drain the southwest portion of the county
and empties into the John Day River. The second source in the lower
John Day River Basin is Rock Creek and its tributaries which drain the
central portion of the county and also terminates at the banks of the
John Day River near McDonald Ferry. The third source of drainage for
Gilliam County, Eight Mile Canyon, lies in the northwest portion of
1/
U.S. Forest Service, Timber Statistics for Central Oregon, Resource
Bulletin PNW-24, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station
- 12 -
the Umatilla River basin. It empties its waters into Willow Creek at
Rhea
Willow Creek then terminates at the Columbia R iver.
Annual yield of surface water is the net yield, or quantity of
water leaving a drainage area during the hydrologic, or water, year,
which extends from October 1 of one year to September 30 of the following year
Net yield is the precipitation on the area minus evaporation,
transpiration, and net underground percolation
A gauge located at McDonald Ferry had an average annual yield of
1,406,000 acre-feet for the period 1927 to 1960
The lowest annual yield was
461,500 acre-feet, recorded in 1934, and the highest 2,670,000 acre-feet
in 1948.
Table 10
Acre-Yield Relationship of Representative Streams, Gilliam County
Stream
John Day River
at McDonald Ferry
SOURCE:
Drainage Area
Square Mile
7,580
Mean Annual Yield
acre-feet
acre-feet per
square mile
1,406,000
200
State Water Resources Board, John Day River Basin, 1962.
There is an extreme difference in the seasonal stream flow in
Gilliam County
The peak flows are during the months of April and May,
due to snowmelt and spring rains
The lowest flow is in August and
September, due to irrigation and naturally low flows
McDonald Ferry had an average monthly discharge from the years 1927 to
1960 of a high 5,600 cfs in April and a low of 156 cfs during September
Snowmelts and spring rains provide unusually high discharges in
April.
Irrigation and low flows provide for low flows in August.
The gauge at McDonald Ferry had a minimum discharge of 4 cfs in
August 1931, and a maximum discharge of 27,800 cfs in February 1907.
The occurrence of groundwater in Gilliam County is governed by precipitation, topography, and rock permeability. Ground slope determines, in
part, the time surface runoff has to enter the ground, whereas permeability
is the capacity of the rocks to transmit water
Alluvium seems to be the best ground water source and is found along
the John Day Rivef
This provides the source for most wells in the
area
Springs are used for municipal supplies and were made available
from faulting and erosion
The interfiow zones of porous basalt flows
form aquifers that are used for water sources of municipal wells.
Groundwater studies of Gilliam County have not been developed.
From the sparse population and few wells, no pattern of groundwater
occurrence has been found.
Domestic water rights include those granted for individual and
small group water supply systems plus, campsite, park, and stock watering
use
Water for these purposes is obtained from groundwater, springs,
and streams throughout the county
In general, springs are the major source of developed water for
human consumption in the mountains
Shallow wells, with a depth of not
more than 30 feet, are the major source in the river valleys
The deep
wells are found on the hills of the lower John Day River sub-basin.
The supply of water for human consumption is adequate except during
the summer and early fall months.
Generally, the water needs no treatment
The only problem seems to be with the shallow wells where septic
tank effluents and irrigation seepage contaminate these wells.
No significant increases in the quantities of water used for human
consumption in rural areas is expected
It is estimated that less than
700 acre-feet are consumed by grazing animals.
Arlington and Condon are the only two cities having registered
water systems. Arlington has one well with no problems or restrictions.
Condon has four sources of supply--Hay Creek Springs and three wells
with no problems but having restrictions pertaining to sprinkling
during the dry periods
Both Arlington and Condon treat their systems
with chlorination.
Table 11.
City
Arlington
Condon
Gilliam County Municipal Water Supplies
Population
900
1,150
Water
Source
Seasonal
Restrictions
on Use
Well
14
Type !/
Adequate
None
Yes
Sprinkling
Yes
Springs fi
3 wells
Lonerock
Mayville
Treatment
Spring
Well
1/ Ch--Chlorjnation
MCh- -Manual Chlorination
SOURCE:
State Water Resources Board, John Day River Basin, 1962.
- 14 -
Much of Gilliam County's agriculture is based on livestock.
of the feed for this livestock comes from irrigated land.
Some
Irrigation is essential for maturing crops due to the lack of precipitation in the summer months.
The principal irrigated crops are
grass hay, alfalfa, and clover.
The majority of land irrigated is from
natural streamfiow, although minor areas are irrigated by stored water
and groundwater.
Irrigation started as early as 1870. Flooding was the major way of
irrigating land until recent years. With availability of power through
the REA, sprinkler irrigation has become more widespread. The amount of
yield during the main irrigation season, April through September, generally
represents from 45 to 75 percent of the total annual yield.
Table 12.
Watershed
Irrigation, Lower John Day Sub-basin
Gross Area
Arable Land
John Day River
Rock Creek
SOURCE:
-
267,500
85,500
Additional
Presently
Irrigated
Irrigab le
850
0
2,200
1,300
State Water Resources Board, John Day River Basin, 1962
Gilliam County has little water used by industry.
source of water is from wells, springs, or streams.
Its primary
Gilliam County has no major problem with pollution. Pollution of
streams occurs intermittently as a result of overflow from septic tanks,
large-scale insect spraying operations, logging operations--including
construction of logging roads, lumber mills, mining operations, irrigation return flows, and water erosion of farm land. Soil erosion
constitutes the major water pollution source. Industry wastes are not
a serious problem.
Table 13.
Subject
Public
Arlington 1/
Condon
1/
Public Sewage Treatment Plants
Design
Population
Year
Built
Degree
Treatment
1966
Primary
1,000
Secondary
1,200
1950-60
Population
Served
Receiving Type of
Stream
Treatment
Columbia
1,000
Dry Creek
Secondary treatment facilities are in design stage.
Oregon State Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Control
in Oregon, 1970. Updated by telephone interview, August, 1972.
SOURCE:
Most of the power in Gilliam County is provided by REA from sources
outside the county.
There is no water reserved for wildlife use.
Except for waterfowl
and furbearers wildlife use of water is small. The needs are furnished
by streams, lakes, springs, and marshy areas. Location of water sources
directly affects the distribution of wildlife in the county.
The John Day River is reported by fishery agencies to have a very
high fish producing potential. !/ Because of the extensive destruction
of fish habitat and current use of irrigation for water, runs of steelhead, chinook and silver salmon no longer have the magnitude of past years.
However, the John Day River provides habitat for anadromous and
resident fish.
Native fish include rainbow, eastern brook, Dolly Varden,
cutthroat trout, kokanee salmon, whitefish, warm water game fish, and
scrap fish.
Steelhead trout are the principal anadrc*nous species. Spring
and fall chinook, silver salmon and steelhead are found in small numbers.
Water rights for fish total 17 cfs for the John Day River Basin.
Steelhead enter the river during winter months, November through
March, and spawn in April and May. Spring Chinook enter the river in
April and May and spawn during early September. Fall Chinook enter the
river and spawn as soon as they reach spawning beds in August and September.
MINERALS 2/
Sand and gravel accounts for virtually all of Gilliam County's
mineral production. Exploratory oil wells have been drilled but no
oil has been located. Some pumice is also produced in the county.
WILDLIFE 3/
The most numerous big game species in the county is mule deer.
1/
2/
3/
State Water Resources Board, John Day River Basin, 1962..
U.S. Bureau of Mines, Bureau of Research and Statistics, Minerals
Yearbook, taken from Oregon Economic Statistics, University of Oregon,
1972, (See Mining and Mineral Industries section for additional
information.)
Oregon State Game Commission, 1971 Annual Report.
(For additional
information see Water Use under Natural Resource Division and
Recreation under Industries Division.)
- 16 -
Table 14.
Mule Deer Population Trends, Gilliam County Area, 1966-1971
1971
Management Unit 1/
Miles
Traveled
Deer
Observed
1971
Deer per M ile
1966- 1970
1970
Average
Sherman
50
190
3.8
5.2
6.3
Wheeler
91
483
5.3
6.4
7.7
Oregon State Game Commission management units do not coincide with county
boundaries. Therefore, Sherman and Wheeler management units both contain
parts of Gilliam County as well as other counties.
SOURCE:
Oregon State Game Commission, 1971, Annual Report.
1/
The major upland game bird species are pheasant, Mountain quail and
Game Commission surveys indicate that populations
blue and ruffed grouse.
are subject to wide fluctuations.
Small game hunting for rabbits and squirrels attracts a relatively
small number of hunters, mainly from the local area.
There is small migratory waterfowl population because of unsuitable
habitat. There are few wintering areas along the Columbia River and
along the John Day main stream.
A number of furbearers are located in Gilliam County. They include:
beaver, mink, otter, muskrat, rabbit, raccoon, badger, wildcat and coyote.
Spring chinook and fall chinook, silver salmon, cutthroat trout, and
steelhead trout migrate into the county annually to spawn. They migrate
through the John Day River from the Columbia River.
Streams and reservoirs in the county contain most of the game fish
species found in Oregon.
-
17 -
HUMAN RESOURCES
Population
In its early history the area was by-passed by settlers who feared
the Indians and severe winters. Agricultural development started after
goidmining brought people into neighboring counties.
The population of Gilliam County was 2,270 in 1971, or about 1.86
persons per square mile. This compares with 21.7 persons per square mile
for the state. Condon is the largest of three incorporated cities in the
county with a population of 940.
The following table gives a breakdown of Gilliam County's population in
1970 by race and geopraphic area. Caucasian, Spanish Language, Black,
American Indian, and "Other" racial categories are given.
Table 15.
Number of Persons by Racial Group, Gilliam County, 1970,
Item
Caucasian
Spanish Language
Black
American Indian
Other
TOTAL
SOURCE:
Number of Persons
Percent
2,271
96.97
34
1.45
6
22
.26
38
.94
2,342
100.00
9
O.S.U. Cooperative Extension Service, Income and Poverty Data for
Racial Groups; A compilation for Oregon Census County Divisions,
Special Report 367, September 1972.
- 18 -
Table 14
Gilliam and Bordering Counties -- Population Rank Order
in Oregon -- 1960 and 1971
1960
County
Rank
Sherman
Morrow
Wheeler
SOURCE:
Population
2,446
4,871
2,722
3,069
36
33
35
34
GILL lAM
1971
Population
35
33
36
34
2,080
4,430
1,850
2,270
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General Population
Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) B39 Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1971.
The population of Gilliam County has increased and decreased over the
last 70 years.
But most recently its population has declined.
From
1960 to 1971 the county's population dropped over 26 percent.
Table 17.
Year
Population Growth -- Gilliam County
Population
Percent Increase
Period
Percent
F
1890
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1965*
1970
3,600
3,201
3,701
3,960
3,467
2,844
2,817
3,069
3,393
2,342
1890-1900
1900-1910
1910-1920
1920-1930
1930-1940
1940-1950
1950-1960
1960-1965
1965-1970
-10.0
+13.0
+ 5.0
-14.0
-22.0
- 0.9
+ 8.0
+ 8.0
-30.9
*oregon State Center for Population Research and Census, PSU.
SOURCE:
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General Population
Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) B39 Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1971.
:19 -
Table
8.
Components of Change In Gilliam County's Population, 1940-1970
Years
1940- 1950
1950- 1960
1960- 1970
SOURCE:
Natural
Increase
Net Change
-27
252
-727
Net
Migration
241
607
219
-268
-355
-946
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population and Housing,
General Demographic Trends For Metropolitan Areas, 1950 to 1970,
Final Report PHC (2) - 39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 1971.
Table 19.
Urban and Rural Population, Gilliam County, 1950-1970
Year
Urban
Population
Rural
Percent Change
Population
1950
1960
1970
SOURCE:
Table 20.
0
0
0
L onerock
2,817
3,069
2,342
8.9
-23.7
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General
Population Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) B39 Oregon,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1951,1961,1971.
Population of Incorporated Cities, Gilliam County--192O-1971
City and County
Arlington
Condon
Percent Change
I
I
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
529
1,127
601
940
82
609
856
46
686
968
643
1,149
.973
400
940
38
31
12
12
73
1/
1971!"
375
Center for Population Research and Census, Population Estimates of
Counties and Incorporated Cities, Portland State University, 1970 and
1971 reports.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General
Population Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) B39 Oregon, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1971.
- 20 -
The composition of Gilliam County's population by age and sex is
much the same as that of the State of Oregon. About 36 percent of the
county's population is under 18 years of age, 53 percent between 18
and 64 years of age, and 11 percent 65 years and older.
The median age
in Gilliam County was 29.5 years, in 1972. Composition by sex in the
county shows 50.9 percent male and 49.1 percent female.
From 1960 to
1970 the median age increased 3 years.
Table 21.
Age Group
Population by Age and Sex, 1960 and 1970, Gilliam County
Male
Percent
Total
Female
1960
1970
1960
1970
1960
1970
1960
1970
1,192
94
104
144
112
91
1,461
1,150
191
170
144
94
97
72
111
138
112
65
3,069
388
354
276
180
232
2,342
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
1,608
197
184
132
86
135
166
215
282
224
156
100.0
12.6
11.5
9.0
5.9
7.6
100.0
7.1
9.2
12.0
9.6
6.7
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65 and over
227
195
179
136
137
125
122
155
129
116
201
175
150
113
126
120
150
123
111
148
428
370
329
249
263
245
272
278
240
264
13.9
12.1
10.7
8.1
8.6
10.5
11.6
11.9
10.2
11.3
27.8
29.5
26.8
31.7
27.4
30.6
Total Population
Under
5
MEDIAN AGE
SOURCE:
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970
General Population Characteristics, Final Report, PC (1) - B39 Oregon,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1961 and 1971.
Employment
The Oregon State Department of Employment reported in 1969 the
average annual civilian labor force in Gilliam County was 940 or 35.0
percent of the total population. . At that time, the unemployment rate
was 5.3 percent of the total labor or 50 persons.
For number of persons
unemployed, the county ranked 34th in the state; however, ranking by percent
unemployed was 21st. 1/
The
employed
employed
group of
1970 Census of Population shows that about 30 percent of those
worked in agriculture, with the majority of the remaining
in retail trade and personal services. The table of industry
employed will give exact data.
1/ Oregon State Employment Division, Research and Statistics, Labor Force
and Employment in Oregon.
- 21 -
Table 22.
Employment Status, Gilliam County, 1960 and 1970
Number
Subj ect
1960
Male, 14 years and over
Labor Force
Armed Forces
Civilian Labor Force
Employed
Unemployed
Not in Labor Force
Inmate of Institution
Enrolled in School
Other
1,087
946
Female, 14 years and over.......
Labor Force
Employed
Unemployed
Not in Labor Force
Inmate of Institution
Enrolled in School
Other
1,008
398
381
Married, (husbands present)
1/
141
805
789
16
141
71
70
1970
753
612
85
527
508
19
141
16
35
90
610
786
255
245
10
539
33
28
38
437
586
577
465
17
1/
1970 figures for 16 years and over.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970,
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1)C39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1961,
SOURCE:
1971.
- 22 -
Table 23.
Percent of Age Group in Labor Force, Gilliam County, 1970
Percent of Age Group
Age Group
14
16
18
20
22
-
15
17
19
21
24
25-34
35-44
45 - 64
65 and over
SOURCE:
Female
29.8
11.1
22.2
38.9
90.4
94.2
91.8
95.4
39.1
25.0
35.1
32.4
51.1
3.4
U.S. Bureau of Census, Census of Population:
1970 General Social
and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) - B39 Oregon
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1971.
Table 24.
Industry Groups of Employed, Gilliam County, 1960 and 1970
Number Employed
Industry Group
1960
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.
Mining
C onstruction
Manufacturing
Lumber and Wood Products
Food and Kindred Products
Other
Transportation
Communications
Wholesale Trade
Retail Trade
Business Services
Personal Services
Hospitals
Educational Services
Professional and Related Services...
Public Administration
Utilities and Sanitary Services
SOURCE:
Male
I
1970
426
209
39
34
41
7
4
34
48
17
16
242
22
137
52
25
71
3
35
17
11
110
41
34
17
122
25
69
9
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970'
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1)C39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. l96l, 1971.
- 23 -
Table 25.
Last Occupation of Experience Unemployed Over 16 Years of Age,
Gilliam County, 1970
Occupation
Total
Professional, technical and
management workers
Sales workers
Clerical and kindred workers
Craftsmen, foremen and
kindred workers
Operatives, including transport
Laborers, except farm
(Other blue collar)
Farm workers
Service workers
Excluding private household
Including private household
Table 26.
Female
0
0
0
19
15
0
0
4
0
0
TOTAL
SOURCE:
Male
23
19
4
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General
Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) - C39
Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C., 1971.
Median Earnings of Selected Occupation Groups, Gilliam County, 1959,
1969
Earnings
Occupation Groups
19S9
Male, Total with Earnings
Professional, Managerial, ft Kindred Workers
Farmers ft Farm Managers
Craftsmen, Foremen, ft Kindred Workers
Operatives ft Kindred Workers
Farm Laborers
Laborers, exc. Farm ft Mine
Female, Total with Earnings
Clerical ft Kindred Workers
Operatives ft Kindred Workers
SOURCE:
1969
$ 4,527
$ 6,732
9,063
8,525
6,700
7,600
5,167
1, 596
3,273
2,600
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population:
1960 and 1970
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1)
C39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1961,
1971
-24-
Table 27.
Gilliam County Occupations, 1970
Occupation
Number Employed
Female
Male
Total Employed, 16 years old and over
Professional
Engineers
Physicians and related practitioners
Other Health Workers
Teachers
Technicians, except Health
Other Professional Workers
Managers and Administrators
Sales Workers
Clerical and Kindred Workers
Craftsmen and Kindred Workers
Operative, except Transport
Transport
Laborers, except Farm
Farmers and Farm Managers
Farm Laborers
Service Workers
Cleaning Services
Food Services
Health Services
Personal Services
Protective Services
Private Household
Total
753
117
508
38
245
NA
NA
NA
NA
5
20
50
20
69
4
9
12
22
19
79
19
4
10
58
29
25
70
51
65
69
18
15
21
83
109
116
15
51
10
11
29
19
40
64
5
18
12
21
83
103
57
6
59
4
11
6
45
10
11
29
19
NA - Not Available
1970 General
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population:
Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) - C39
Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C., 1971
Table 28.
Number and Percent of Persons Unemployed for Gilliam
Counties, 1969 and 1970
County
Bordering
Total Civilian
Number
Percent
Labor Force
Unemployed
Unemployed
1969
1970
1969
I
1970
1970
1969
f
GILLIAM
Morrow
Wheeler
Sherman and Wasco
SOURCE:
1,010
1,690
840
970
1,770
800
9,610
80
70
50
50
120
60
750
7.9
4.1
5.9
5.3
6.8
7.5
7.8
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division,
Labor Force and Employment in Oregon by County 1968 and 1971,
Research and Statistics Division, 1969, 1972.
- 25 -
Table 29.
Local Government Employees and Payroll for Gilliam County - October 1967
Number of Employees
and Earnings
I tern
Empl ôyees
142
105
Full time only
Full time Equivalent Employment
Education
Teachers only
Functions other than Education
Highways
Public Welfare
Hospitals
Health
Police Protection
Fire Protection
Sewerage
Sanitation
Libraries
Financial Administration
General Control
Water Supply
Other
October Payroll
Education
Teachers only
Functions other than Education
Average Monthly Earnings, Full time Employees
Teachers
Others
SOURCE:
110
70
51
40
11
2
S
3
I
4
11
1
59
$
$
$
$
60,000
44,000
34,000
15,000
$
665
414
$
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol.3 No.2
Compendium of Public Employment, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington D.C., 1969.
- 26 -
Table 30.
Covered Payrolls and Employment By Industry, 1970, Gilliam County
Annual
Payroll
Average
Annual Employment
Industry
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
Mining
Contract Construction
Food and Kindred Products
Lumber and Wood Products
Other Manufacturing
Transportation, Communication,
Electric, Gas and Sanitary Services
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate
Services
Government
0
$
0
0
0
34
0
390,610
0
0
1/
1/
18
114
13
52
53
0
$
61,567
506,951
55,864
143,213
395,313
1/ Unpublished to avoid disclosure
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division,
Oregon Covered Payrolls by Industry and County, Research and
Statistics Section, 1971.
SOURCE:
- 27 -
Income
Table 31.
Net Effective Buying Income Estimates, 1965 and 1970
Net Dollars
(thousands)
State and County
Per Household
1965
Oregon
Gilliam County
SOURCE:
1970
1970
1965
$4,552,279
$6,650,690
$7,436
$9,440
8,915
7,597
8,915
9,496
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Oregon Economic Statistics,
1972, University of Oregon.
Table 32.
Bank Debits and Deposits, 1965 - 1970, G1liam County
Year
Bank Debits
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
Bank Deposits
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
$ 6,940,000
7,047,000
6,922,000
7,087,000
7,116,000
7,436,000
NR - Not Reported
SOURCE:
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Oregon Economic Statistics,
University of Oregon, 1972.
Table 33.
County
GILLIAM
Morrow
Wheeler
Sherman
SOURCE:
Number and Percent of Families with an Income of Less than $3,000
for Gilliam and Bordering Counties, 1969
Families with Income Less than $3,000
Number
Percent of
Total Families
Total Number
of Families
584
1,194
516
591
54
152
65
66
9.2
12.7
12.6
11.2
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General Social
and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1)-C39 Oregon, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1971.
- 28 -
The following table gives mean incomes and income distribution
within Gilliam County. Also data are given for persons and families in
the county below federally defined poverty levels. 1/
Table 34.
Income and Poverty Data, for Gilliam County, 1970
Item
Number
Mean Income
Families
Unrelated individuals
Percent
$ 9,077
$ 3,884
Families by Family Income Class
Under $3,999
$4,000 - $5,999
$6,00O - $11,999
$12,000 +
65
90
294
135
584
total
Income - below poverty level (bpl)
Families bpl
Persons in families bpl
Unrelated individuals bpl
Under 65
65 and over
Male family head, 14-64 yrs. bpl
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labor force
Female family heads bpl in labor
force with children below 6 yrs
Income source of families and
unrelated individuals bpl
Earnings
Social security or railroad
retirement
Public assistance or welfare
47
145
11.13
15.41
50.34
23.12
100.00
100.00
13
40
20
8
59
36
8
Blank spaces indicate a zero, suppressed data, or not applicable.
SOURCE:
O.S.U. Cooperative Extension Service, Income and Poverty Data for Racial
Groups, a compilation for Oregon Census County Divisions, Special Report
367, September 1972.
1/ For further definition of these poverty levels consult the U.S. Bureau of
Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-23, No. 28, Revision jn Poverty
Statistics, 1959 to 1968.
- 29 -
Education
Table 35.
Formal Education Facilities, Gilliam County - 1966-67 and 1971-72
School District, Type Schools
and Number of each Type
Grades
Included
Enrollment 1/
1966-67
1971-72
High School
Graduates 2/
1971
Arlington School District #003
Elementary - 1
High School - 1
Olex School District #011
Elementary - 1
Condon School District #025
Elementary - 1
High School - 1
1-5-8
9-12
224
100
93
1-8
27
25
1-8
9-12
375
46
12
202
123
21
County Totals
Elementary - 3
High School - 2
626
249
320
169
33
County Grand Total - 6
875
489
33
1/ Average Daily Membership
2/ Oregon Board of Education, Statistical Services, "1971 Oregon Public High
School Graduates", February, 1972.
SOURCE:
Oregon Board of Higher Education, School Finance and Statistical
Services, 1966-67 School Directory and 1971-72 Oregon School-Community
College Directory.
Table 36.
Current Operating Costs For Resident Pupils In Gilliam County,
Grades 1-12, 1969-70 School Year
Gilliam County
Category
Expenditure
Administration
Instruction
Health Services
Net Transportation Costs
Operation and Maintenance
Fixed Charges
Net Tuition
28,341
444,938
$
540
89,107
100,169
70,887
(1,535)
Total Current Operating Costs
-
Average Daily Membership
SOURCE:
732,447
county
636
Cost/Pupi'
$
45.00
700.00
.85
140.00
157.00
111.00
(2.41)
1,152.00
State Cost
per pupil
$
25.00
563.00
3.02
29.00
96.00
72.00
(.54)
787.00
- - - state- -
461,608
State Oregon Board of Education, "Current Operating Costs for Resident
Pupils, Grades 1-12, Regular School Year, Oregon 1969-70", taken from
Oregon Economic Statistics 1972, Bureau of Business and Economic Research
University of Oregon.
- 30 -
Table 37.
Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Public School Enrollment
by School District, Gilliam County, 1972
District
White
Arlington
Condon
Olex
112
332
21
TOTAL
465
1/
American
Spanish
Indian
Surname
number of students
Black
3
14
7
7
Others 1/
TOTAL
J
129
347
1
21
---
10
21
497
1
Includes Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, and others
Compiled from Oregon Board of Education reports by OSU Extension Service.
SOURCE:
Table 38.
Years of School Completed by Gilliam County Population
25 Years and Over
Number
Education
Total 25 years and over
No school years completed
Elementary:
1 to 4 years
5 to 7 years
8 years
High School:
1 to 3 years
4 years
College:
1 to 3 years
4 years
Males
Females
626
641
8
24
36
58
80
242
107
71
Median School Years Completed..
SOURCE:
12.4
6
10
68
89
309
96
63
Total
Percent
1,267
100.0
8
.6
30
46
126
169
551
2.4
3.6
203
134
9.9
13.3
43.5
16.1
10.6
12.5
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General Social
and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC (1) - C39, Oregon,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1971.
- 31 -
Table 39.
Gilliam County Residents Enrolled In Higher Education Institutions
Fall 1971
Institution
Number Enrolled
Total Enrolled
58
Eastern Oregon College
Oregon College of Education
Oregon State University
Portland State University
Southern Oregon College
University of Oregon
Oregon Technical Institute
University of Oregon Dental School
University of Oregon Medical School
16
Total in Private and Independent Institutions
10
SOURCE:
1
5
12
0
0
0
Oregon Educational Coordinating Council, Post Secondary Enrollment
Distributions in Oregon, 1972.
Table 40.
Number and Percent of Draft Rejections in Oregon
for Gilliam County 1965 and 1971
I tern
Induction Center (Condon)
Total Examined
Number Rejected
Percent Rejected
SOURCE:
4
10
1965
1971
699
30
79
8
11.3
26 .6
Selective Service Headquarters, Portland, Oregon, Unpublished data.
Correctional Institutions
Although Gilliam County operates no correctional institutions of
its own) it is served by four state correctional institutions
in Marion
County.
These include training schools for socially maladjusted boys
between 12 and 18 years old and girls between 12 and 21 years of age.
- 32 -
Table 41.
Felonies and Juvenile Delinquency In Gilliam County, 1968
Number
Subj ect
Commitments to Felony and Correctional
Institutions, 1967-68
Total Commitments
Oregon State Penitentiary
Oregon State Correctional Institution
Boys and Girls Training Schools
Juvenile Court Cases
All Cases
Delinquency
Traffic
SOURCE:
1
0
1
0
30
20
10
State of Oregon Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970
Health
The following tables indicate the numbers of health facilities and
health personnel available to Gilliam County residents. Generally speaking
there are fewer health professionals per capita in Cilliam County than
for the state as a whole. Gilliam County residents must rely largely
on medical facilities in other counties to fulfill their health care
needs.
Gilliam County has no general hospitals, however, a 25 bed facility
is located at Heppner in bordering Morrow County. Also there are no
diagnostic and treatment centers, mental care facilities or rehabilitation
centers within the county.
A long term care facility is located at Condon but as of 1971 it
did not have "skilled nursingt' and needed moderization and expansion to
meet community needs according to the Oregon State Board of Health.
Table 42.
Admissions to State Psychiatric Hospitals and Mental Health
Clinics, Gilliam County, 1969
Gilliam County
Ratio
Number
Facility
J
Psychiatric Hospitals
Mental Health Clinics
186
0
1/
State
Ratio 1 /
l 34
460
1/ Ratio equals admissions per 1000,000 population.
SOURCE: State of Oregon Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970.
- 33 -
Table 43. Number of Licensed Medical Personnel and Ratio of Population Per
Professional in Gilliam County, 1969
Gilliam County
State
Profession
Number
Medical Doctors and
Doctors of Osteopathy
Dentists
Registered Nurses
Licensed Practical Nurses
Pharmacists
Ratio 1/
½ 2/
Ratio
1,348
2,695
2,695
1,348
2,695
1
1
2
1
770
1,470
276
1,002
1,375
1/ Ratio figure equals population per professional in particular category
2/ One part time
SOURCE: State of Oregon Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970.
In 1969 Gilliam County allocated $4,321 to its county health department
or $1.60 per capita. 1/ This compares with $5.70 spent per capita by all
counties in the state.
Gilliam County's birth rate rose from 12.9 per 1,000 population in
1968 to 16.2 in 1970.
It still remains below the state birth rate of
16.9 however. Also the county death rate of 7.7 is below the state's
rate of 9.3.
The county illegitimate birth rate is well below the state's
82.4 per 100,000 population. There were 2 accidental deaths reported in
the county in 1970 to generate an accidental death rate of 85.4 per
100,000 population compared to the state rate of 64.4.
Table 44.
Estimated Population, Births and Deaths by Major Category, Gilliam
County and State of Oregon - 1968 and 1971
Gilliam County
Category
Number
1968
Rate
1970
1970
1971
36
20
38
18
28
19
12.9!! 16.2/ 12.3
1
1
2
27.8' 26.3!, 71.4
55.62/ 78.9' 71.4
27.8'
1968
f1971
State
Rate
1970
1971
j
All Births
All Deaths
Illegitimate Births
Premature Births
Infant Deaths
2
3
2
1
0
0
7.22/
16.9.1
15.6
82 4_"
78.1
57.4
18.4
8.4
9.4
59.5
15.7
1/ Rates per 1,000 population
2/ Type births per 1,000 live births
SOURCE:
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, State Health Division,
Vital Statistics Section, Vital Statistics Annual Report, 1971
1/ State of Oregon Executive Department, Program Planning Division, District Facts
1970.
- 34 -
Table 45.
Health Statistics for Gilliam County, 1970
Item
Number
1970
Morbidity
Tuberuclosis
Syphilis
Gonorrhea
Influenza
Hepatitis
Measles
Deaths from All Causes
Malignant Neoplasms (Cancer)
Heart Diseases
Cerebrovascular Diseases
J
Cilliam aounty
Rate 1/
1971
1970
J
1971
12.7
8.5
324.8
0
0
1
97
0
0
18
4
7
21.3,
19
2
8
1
7.7.-'
170.8
289.9
42.7
42.7
1
Other Cardiovascular Diseases
Influenza and Pneumonia
Bronchitis, Emphysema, Asthma
Peptic Ulcer
Cirrhois of Liver
Congenital Anomalies
Certain Infancy Mortality Causes
All Other Diseases
0
0
2
85.4
Accidents
Suicides
Homicides
2
85.4
42.7
44. 1
1
0
0
0
0
8.4
88.1
352.4
132.2
3
1
0
44.1
132.2
44.1
9.3-i'
167.0
342.3
116.1
22.0
15.2
26.5
24.9
4.6
13.8
7.1
14.2
78.5
64.4
14.5
4.4
Rate per 100,000 population
"District Facts" State of Oregon Exec utive Department, 1970
Rate per 1,000 population
SOURCE: Oregon State Department of Human Resources, State Health Division,
Vital Statistics Section, Vital Statistics Annual Report, 1971.
1/
2/
3/
- 35 -
11.6
5.3
422.0
2
42.7
88.1
38 4,141.8 1,674.0 2,241.4 1,171.7
---2
---2/
---2/
Arterioscieros is
0
State
Rate 1/
1970
1971
18.1
9.4
168.4
349.6
110.9
21.2
17.3
26.4
26.9
4.3
15.8
8.2
14.7
76.9
61.3
14.9
3.8
Public Welfare
Table 46.
Public Welfare Payments for Assistance in Gilliam County, 1/
October 1970
Cases
1970
Category
Direct Assistance Payments
Old Age Assistance
Aid to the Blind
Aid to the Disabled
Aid to Dependent Children
General Assistance
Foster Care
Medical Care Payments
Old Age Assistance
Aid to the Blind
Aid to the Disabled
Aid to Dependent Children
General Assistance
Foster Care
Average Payments
1972
9
7
1970
1972
$ 22.23
$
9.71
0
0
30
8.00
40.30
75.00
49.30
19
6
237.37
12.64
1
1
3
4
4.50
186.67
1
3
23
0
3.25
10.69
0
0
!/-- Gilliam County is no longer reported separately, but is incorporated with
Wheeler
Grant statistics under the heading of Grant Branch (after March
1972)
SOURCE: Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Public Welfare Division,
Public Welfare in Oregon, October 1970, March 1972 Editions.
Table 47.
Average Monthly Public Welfare Cases and Cost Per Case
in Gilliam County, 1968 and 1970
Category
Number of Cases
1968
1970
Average Payments
1968
Aid
Old
Aid
Aid
to Dependent Children
Age Assistance
to Disabled
to Blind
9!"
1970
f
J
23!"
6
9
2
2
NA
$22.70
30.07
NA
$20.36
7.40
1/
Persons - not cases
NA - Not available
SOURCE:
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Public Welfare Division,
Public Welfare in Oregon, October 1970, March 1972 Editions.
- 36 -
Welfare Facilities
The State of Oregon operates three special schools for the handicapped,
all located at Salem in Marion County.
The School for the Blind provides
special education for approximately 100 children with acute vision problems
in a boarding school situation. The School for the Deaf provides parallel
training for severely handicapped children from four years of age through
high school. Oregon Fairview Home provides in-and-out patient training for
mentally deficient minors and adults.
Housing
Table 48.
Housing Occupancy and Facilities For Gilliam County, 1970
Gilliam County
Number Units
Percent
Subj ect
Occupancy
All Housing Units
Season and migratory
Owner Occupied
Renter Occupied
Vacant Year-round
Population in housing units
Per Unit
Owner Occupied
Renter Occupied
Persons Per Room
All Occupied Units
1.00 or less
1.01 to 1.50
1.51 or more
Facilities
Lacking some or all plumbing
Telephone available
Some Air Conditioning
Median Number of Rooms
Median Value
Median Rent
SOURCE:
942
100.0
0
460
265
217
48.8
28.1
23.1
State
Percent
100.0
1.3
61.3
31.5
5.9
2.7
3.6
725
693
32
100.0
95.6
4.4
100.0
94.7
4.2
1.1
8.9
71.8
25.8
3.6
89.5
10.3
0
84
676
243
5.2
$10,400
65(192 units occupied)
$
5.0
$11,300
69
$
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing, 1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC (1)-B39 Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1972.
- 37 -
THE COUNTY'S ECONOMY
Gilliam County's economy is based mainly on agricultural production.
This consists largely of livestock production, ranching, and wheat farming.
There is very little manufacturing carried on within the county. Wholesale
and retail trade play minor roles.
Agriculture
Agriculture is the primary source of income in Gilliam County. The
major agricultural activities are the production of beef and dryland grain.
The dryland grain, predominantly wheat, is well suited to the county's soil
and climatic conditions.
Land that is too steep for cultivation is used for grazing.
Cattle are
numerous throughout the county. Vegetables and other intensive crops are
not suited to the county's climatic conditions and, therefore, are not
grown commercially.
The southern part of the county is devoted mainly to production of
cereals.
Wheat crops are grown where bess soils are present and where there
is 8 to 15 inches of rainfall. The majority of the farmers follow an
alternate crop-fallow system.
There has been a reduction in farm and ranch numbers due to the trend
toward larger farm size.
The average farm size in Gilliam County is over
4,500 acres. Average investment per farm in land and buildings increased
from under $160,000 in 1959 to over $285,000 in 1969.
Table 49.
Farm Size and Value in Gilliam County, 1959, 1964 and 1969
Subj ect
Approximate Acres of Land Area
Proportion in Farms
Total Number of Farms
Acres in Farms
Average Size of Farms
Value of Land and Buildings
Average per Farm
Average per Acre
SOURCE:
1959
774,400
99.7
195
772,437
3,941.0
$ 159,755
39.83
1964
773,120
111.7
186
863,341
4,641.6
$ 240,349
51.47
1969
773,056
98.4
166
760,410
4,580.7
$ 285,475
62.32
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1964 and 1969, Vol.
1. Area Reports Part 47, Oregon, U.S Government Printing Office,
Washington D.C. 1972.
- 38 -
The next table shows the distribution of farm sizes. There are very
few farms with acreage below 500 acres.
In 1969, over 65 percent of the
farms were 2,000 acres or more and only 17 percent below 500 acres. The
proportion of farms with larger acreages has been increasing.
Table 50.
Farms by Size, Number and Percent of Gilliam County, 1959, 1964, 1969
Size
1959
Less than 10 acres
10 to 49 acres
50 to 69 acres
70 to 99 acres
100 to 139 acres
140 to 179 acres
180 to 219 acres
220 to 259 acres
260 to 499 acres
500 to 999 acres
1,000 to 1,999 acres
2,000 or more acres
17
36
116
Total Farms
186
SOURCE:
J
Number
1964
Percent
J
1969
1959
---
1.6
1.1
1.1
1.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
4.8
9.2
19.4
62.4
5.4
11.4
15.7
65.7
100.0
100.0
3
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
9
9
17
36
9
19
26
116
109
4.8
9.2
19.4
62.4
186
166
100.0
J
1964
1969
1.2
0.6
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1964 and 1969, Vol.1
Area Reports Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington D.C. 1972.
The majority of farms in Gilliam County are classified as cash grain.
Next in importance are livestock farms and ranches.
- 39 -
Table 51.
Farm by Type in Gilliam County -l954, 1959 and l96
Over Sales of $2,5OO(P
Type
Cash-Grain
Vegetable
Fruit and Nut
Other Field Crops
Poultry
Dairy
Other Livestock
Livestock - Cattle, Hogs, Sheeps
Goats
General
Miscellaneous and Unclassified.
SOURCE:
1954
1959
1969
156
139
136
32
9
5
10
2
5
5
154
19
1
15
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1964 and 1969, Vol.
Area Reports Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington D.C. 1972.
Classification of farms by economic class considers only those classified by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as "Commercial
Farms".
In general, all farms with a total value of products sold amounting
to $2,500 or more are classified as commercial.
Farms with sales of $50 to
$2,499 are classified as commercial if the farm operator
was under 65 years
of age and (1) he did not work off the farm 100
or more days during the year
and (2) the income received by the operator and members of
his family from
nonfarm sources was less than the value of all farm products
sold.
Over 97 percent of Gilliam County's farms are classified
as commercial.
In 1969 more than 60 percent of the county's farms had
sales over $20,000.
Most of the farmers in the county are either full owners
or part
owners.
Census data show that in 1969, 42 percent of farmers were full
owners, 42 percent were part owners, and 16 percent were tenants.
- 40 -
1
Table 52.
Farms by Economic Class, Gilliam County - 1959, 1964 and 1969
1964
1959
Economic Class
Total IPercent
Commercial Farms
Class I (Sales of $40,000 or more)
Class II (Sales of $20,000 to $39,999)
Class III (Sales of $10,000 to $19,999).
Class IV (Sales of $5,000 to $9,999)
Class V (Sales of $2,500 to $4,999)
Class VI (Sales of $50 to $2,499)
Other Farms
Part-time
Part-retirement
Abnormal
3
14
6
92.3
37.4
30.3
12.8
1.5
7.2
3.1
177
48
50
42
28
6
3
95.2
25.8
26.9
22.6
162
42
60
34
10
14
15.1
3.2
1.6
2
9
10
4.8
3.2
1.6
4
6
3
195
100.0
186
100.0
5
Percent
Total Ipercent Total
7.7
2.6
5.1
15
Total Farms
SOURCE:
180
73
59
25
1969
3
2.4
1.8
1
0.6
166
100.0
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1964 and 1969, Vol. 1
Area Reports Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington
D.C. 1972.
Table 53.
Tenure
Full Owners
Part Owners
Managers
Tenants
Farm Operators by Tenure, Gilliam County - 1959, 1964 and 1969
1959
1964
1969
66
77
67
4
S
67
67
NA
48
36
26
78
NA - Not Available
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1964 and 1969,
Vol. 1 Area Reports Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington D.C. 1972.
- 41 -
97.6
25.4
36.1
20.5
6.0
8.4
1.2
Table 54. Farm Operators by Age and Years of School Completed
Gilliam County - 1959, 1964 and 1969
Subject
1959
1964
1969
By Age:
Average Age - Years
65 Years Old and Over
By Years of School Completed:
Elementary:
0 to 4 years
5 to 7 years
8 years
High School: 1 to 3 years
4 years
College:
1 to 3 years
4 years or more.
50.3
50.2
29
22
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
5
3
68
50
175
43
41
52
25
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA - Not Avaiable
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1964 and 1969,
Vol
1 Area Reports Part 47, Oregon, U S Government Printing Office
Washington D.C. 1972.
Gilliam County agriculture provides income not only to the farmers,
but also to the workers employed for harvesting, processing the agricultural
products and farm service
Receipts from the sale of crops and livestock in the
county in 1970 was estimated at nearly $8 million.
In 1970, income from the sale of crops accounted for 58.2 percent of
the agricultural income while livestock accounted for 41 7 percent
Wheat
alone provided 45 7 percent of the agricultural income and cattle contributed
nearly 40 percent.
- 42 -
Table 55.
Value of Farm Products Sold in Gilliam County - 1961, 1965, and 1968-70
Products
1961
1965
1969
1968
1970p
Thousands of Dollars
All Crops, Livestock and
Livestock Products
All Crops
All Grain, Hay and Seeds
All Seed Crops
All Grain and Hay
All Hay
All Grains
Wheat
Barley
Vegetables Fresh, and for
Processing
All Berries
All Tree Fruits and Nuts
Specialty Field Crops
Specialty Horticultural Crops..
All Livestock and Livestock
Products
Dairy Products
Poultry and Products
Cattle and Calves
Sheep and Lambs
Hogs
6,822
6,356
6,150
6,723
7,991
5,555
5,536
4,641
4,626
3,647
4,197
4,655
4,626
3,644
4,195
4,599
750
4,551
3,374
1,172
37
59
63
3,607
3,322
283
4,136
3,248
886
4,536
3,571
961
10
5,535
310
5,504
4,172
1,325
10
55
1,267
70
1,715
40
2,503
2,526
3,336
2
1
1
5
4
4
3,163
1,095
92
1,560
92
2,357
95
2,389
91
20
12
9
10
p - preliminary
SOURCE:
0.S.U. Extension Service and U.S.D.A. cooperatin
Sheets", Oregon State University, 1971-72.
85
53
"Oregon Commodity Data
Due to the small population within Gilliam County, markets for most
agricultural products are outside the county. Wheat is transported to
Portland by rail, truck or barge, and distributed from there. A few cattle
are fattened and consumed locally; however, most are marketed outside the county.
Feeder
A number of the countys fattened cattle are marketed in Portland.
and stocker cattle are sold, to feed lots in various parts of Oregon and
Washington.
- 43 -
Table 56.
Acres of Crops Harvested, 1969 and 1970, Gilliam County
Crops Harvested
1969
Small Grains
Wheat
Oats
Barley
Hay Crops
Vegetables
Berries
Tree Fruits, Nuts 1/
Other Crops 1/
1970p
86,800
81,000
400
40,000
13,500
200
44,000
10,500
NA
NA
2
97
p - preliminary
NA - Not Available
1/
From U.S. Census of Agriculture, 1969
SOURCE:
Oregon State Cooperative Extension Service and U.S.D.A. cooperating,
"Oregon Commodity Data Sheets", 1971-72.
The estimated numbers of livestock and poultry in Gilliam County
are shown in the table that follows.
The number of milk cows in the county has decreased significantly
since l950--consjstent with the national trend. The decline in consumption
of dairy products per capita. and the rapid rise in milk production
per
cow are two of the most important factors contributing to this decrease
Sheep and lamb numbers have decreased drastically since 1940. They
went from 62,000 in 1940 to 4,800 in 1970. The number of cattle other than
milk cows has increased since 1950 to total nearly 26,000 in 1970. Few
chickens and virtually no turkeys were raised in the county in recent
years.
Table 57.
Category
I
/
All Cattle
Dairy Cattle
Sheep and Lambs
Hogs
Chickens
Turkeys raised
Livestock and Poultry Numbers in Gilliam County
1950, 1960, 1969, and 1970
1950
1960
1969
17,600
500
20,500
18,500
400
12,500
900
NA
24,000
150
5,000
500
3,000
700
NA
NA
1/
NA
l97Op
26,000
150
4,800
NA
3,000
50
Numbers as of January 1, unless otherwise indicated
p - preliminary figures
NA - Not Available
SOURCE:
OSU Cooperative Extension Service and USDA cooperating, "Oregon Commodity
Data Sheets", 1971-72.
- 44 -
No firms are listed in Gilliam County for the food and kindred
products category by either the 1967 U S Census of Manufactures or the
1970 edition of the Oregon Directory of Manufactures
The large volumes
of wheat and beef produced in the county are shipped to other areas for
processing
Logging and Wood Products
There is no lumber or wood products manufacturing in Gilliam County
The county contains very limited timber resources The 1970 Oregon Timber
Harvest published by the U S Forest Service reported no timber harvested in Gilliam County
Similarly, no lumber or wood products manufacturers are listed for Gilliam County by the 1967 U.S. Census of Manufactures or the 1970 Oregon Directory of Manufactures.
Manufacturing
Manufacturing does not play an important role in Gilliam County's
economy
Only one manufacturer was listed for Gilliam County in the
1970 Oregon Directory of Manufactures. This was a newspaper-publishing
firm located in Condon which employed six people part or full time.
Mining
Most of the income from mineral production is derived from sand,
gravel, and stone, and varies considerably from year to year, depending
on the current construction activities within the county
Minor values
of pumice are also produced.
According to the Oregon Department of Commerce as of 1970, there were
no mineral, metal or related manufacturing firms located in Gilliam
County.
Table 5
Year
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1970
Value of Mineral Production, Gilliam County - 1961-1965, and 1970
Value
Minerals Produced in Order of Value
435,000
748,000
1,180,000
4,295,000
1,930,000
Sand and gravel, stone
Stone, sand and gravel, pumice
Stone, pumice, sand and gravel
Sand and gravel, stone
*
- figure withheld to avoid disclosure
SOURCE
U S Bureau of Mines, taken from Oregon Economic Statistics, Minerals
Yearbook, Bureau of Economic Research, University of Oregon, 1972
- 45 -
Outdoor Recreation
Recreation is one of the major uses of forest land in Gilliam County.
However, due to lack of water and adequate flows for fish, water-based
recreational potential is restricted.
Fishing use in Gilliam County is
mainly limited to local people. As a result, the economic contribution of
recreational activities is low in the county.
There are few developed recreational sites in Gilliam County and no
national forest recreation areas.
However, three state facilities are
available. They include two highway Wayside recreation areas, Dyer and
Arlington Wayside areas and J.S. Burres State Park.
Dyer Wayside area has picnic facilities on its one acre of land. It
is located 10 miles south of Condon on State 19 in a scenic canyon that
runs along a branch of 30 Mile Creek.
J.S. Burres State Park is located on 7 acres, 15 miles south of Wasco on
Oregon 206. It is a small day-use park adjacent to the John Day River.
Arlington State Wayside covers 191 acres of land and is a wayside
recreational area.
There are also city parks located in Condon, Arlington, and Lonerock
with a total of 16 acres. They had an attendance of 8,800 in 1970.
Table 59
.
Gilliam County State Parks, 1972
Park Name
Park Acreage
Arlington State Wayside
Dyer State Wayside !/
J.S. Burres State Park 2/
County Total
191.0
0.6
7.1
198.7
Picnic Facilities
Day-use Park
SOURCE:
Oregon State Highway Division, State Parks and Recreation Section,
"State Park Acreages", June 1972.
1/
2/
The most important game animal in Gilliam County is the mule deer.
However, a number of hunters participate in pheasant and partridge seasons
as well.
Public and private fishing facilities are provided in Gilliam County.
Publically the sites of good fishing include;
the Lower John Day River,
the upper Reservoir site, which is publically owned by the corp of Army
Engineers. Steelhead and warm water fish flourish in this vicinity.
There is light warm-water fishing year-round. Medium steelhead fishing
takes place during the winter months. At the Hay Creek site, which is
- 46 -
publically owned by the Bureau of Land Management, there is a heavy
This is a popular
spring and winter fishery available on steelhead
The State
fishing area and is used quite often by the local residents
Steelhead
Highway Department owns the Cottonwood Canyon site.
The Bureau of Land
fishing is good during the spring and winter
Management also owns the Devil Canyon site and Pete Indian Canyon site.
Both provide the fisherman with spring and winter sport on steelhead.
Privately owned fishing sites that are accessible by permission are
the Rock Creek site, which is a popular angling area for steelhead
trout during the spring and winter months, and the Oregon Trail 4-H
site which has heavy runs of steelhead during the winter and spring.
Table 60.
Game
Pheasant
Quail
Chukar Partridge
Hungarian Partridge.
Mourning Dove
Ducks
Geese
Deer 1/
Number
Game Harvest in Gilliam County
Hunters
Percent of
State Total
462
.64
.72
188
670
127
23
130
190
4.05
2.48
.14
.23
.68
.63
1,760
Ki 1 1
Days
Hunted
1,775
791
2,209
655
49
450
790
NA
Number
1,242
1,126
3,650
251
453
750
810
580
Percent of
State Total
.51
.71
3.17
1.58
.23
.13
1.27
1/
Statistics for Sherman game management area, not Gilliam County
NA - Not Available
SOURCE: Oregon Game Commission, "1966 Upland Game Questionnaire",1967; "Water
Fowl Estimates, 1969-70 Season", 1970, Oregon State Game Commission
Bulletin, May 1972.
- 47 -
.66
Business
Table 61.
Retail Trade in Gilliam County - 1963 and 1967
Establishments
Kind of Business
Paid 1/
Employees
(Number)
(Number)
1963 I1967-" 1963
Retail Trade - Total
Lumber, Building Materials, Hardware,
Farm Equipment Dealers
General Merchandise Group Stores
Food Stores
Automotive Dealers
Gasoline Service Stations
Apparel, Accessory Stores
Furniture, Home Furnishing,
Equipment Stores
Eating, Drinking Places
Drug Stores, Proprietary Stores
Other Retail Stores - Total
Liquor Stores
Farm, Garden Supply, Feed Stores
Nonstore Retailers - Total
48
42
144
Sales
($1 000)
196 7.J 1963
117
5,218
6
2
8
1, 159
4
7
1,137
635
NR
2
2
7
11967k
5,324
NR
816
NR
527
3
75
6
485
1
2
1
NR
1/
Excludes active proprietors of unincorporated businesses.
All establishments, not just those with payrolls.
1967 data not available broken down by business.
NR Not reported to avoid disclosure.
SOURCE:
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1963 and 1967 Retail
Trade Oregon, BC67-RA39, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington
D.C., 1969.
2/
3/
According to the U.S. Census of Business, wholesale trade establishments
in 1967 totaled 11. They employed 14 people and made sales totaling
$4,734,000. A more detailed breakdown was not given.
- 48 -
Table 62. Selected Services, Gilliam County, 1967
Kind of Business
Establishments
(Number)
Selected Services - Total
Hotels, Motels, Tourist Courts, Camps
Personal Services
Miscellaneous Business Services
Auto Repair, Services, Garages
Miscellaneous Repair Services
Motion Pictures
Other Amusement, Recreation Services,
exc. Motion Pictures
17
5
5
I'
Paid
Employees
(Number)
Sales
($1,000)
NR
NR
1
2
1
3
1/ Excludes active proprietors of unincorporated businesses.
NR - Not Reported to avoid disclosure
SOURCE:
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1967 Selected Services,
BC67-SA39, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1969.
PUBLIC SERVICE
Transportation
Gilliain County is bounded on its northern border by Federal Interstate
It is traversed north and south by Highway 19 running from Arlington
through Condon in the southern part of the county. Highway 206 runs eastwest through the middle of the county. The federal and state roads connect
the county to its surrounding areas. There is a network of secondary roads
in most of the county, with access roads being developed.
80N.
Much of the freight and grain is handled by trucks and barge. Railroad
facilities are available for grain shipments. Regular bus service is not
available to most of the county's population. The Columbia River is used for
shipment of goods down-river to Portland, and distributed further from there.
Condon has an airport for public use, but no commercial airlines are
available in the county.
49 -
Table 63.
Miles of Roadway in Gilliam County, 1972
Agency
Miles
County
Public *
City street
Bureau of Land Management
Corps of Engineers
State
478.9
23.9
23.2
Total
661.1
135.1
* Public roadways under county jurisdiction but generally privately
maintained
SOURCE: Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division,
unpublished data, telephone interview, September, 1972.
Table 64.
Gilliam County Motor Vehicle Registration,
1970 and 1971
Number of vehicles
Vehicle
Passenger vehicles
Buses
Trucks
All trailers
Motorcycles
Recreational
Snowmobiles
Total vehicles
1970
1971
1,616
1,435
22
22
423
102
442
58
48
125
54
119
NA
0
2,336
2,130
NA - Not available
SOURCES: Oregon Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicles Division, taken
from Bureau of Business and Economic Research Oregon Economic
Statistics, 1972; Oregon Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle
Division, unpublished data, telephone interview, 1972.
Table 65.
Number of Aircraft and Boats, Gilliam County, 1968
Subject
Number
Aircraft
Boats
SOURCE:
21
68
State of Oregon Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
"District Facts", March 1970.
- 50 -
Communication
Gilliam County has no commercial radio stations within its borders.
However, it is served by many other stations from surrounding areas.
Telephone service is provided by Pacific Northwest Bell Company and Home
Telephone Company. There are no television stations within the county,
but Portland and Pasco, Washington stations are received.
Gilliam County has one newspaper that is published on Fridays.
located in Condon.
It is
Table 66. Gilliam County Communication Facilities
Type of Service
Location
Network Affiliation
Radio Stations
None within the county, but
served by others in the area.
Telephone
Pacific Northwest Bell
Home Telephone Company
county
Condon
Television
None within the county,
but served by Portland
and Pasco stations.
SOURCES:
ABC, CBS, NBC
Pacific Northwest Bell, unpublished data, 1971; Oregon Association
of Broadcasters, Directory of Radio and Television Stations for
the State of Oregon, 1972.
- 51 -
Table 67.
Residential Communication Facilities, Gilliam County, 1960 and 1970
Number of Housing Units
Facili ties
1960
1970
NA
NA
617
739
224
676
49
678
61
224
605
NA
NA
338
367
Battery radio sets
Yes
No
130
Telephone available
Yes
No
Television sets
1.
or more
No ne
2
100
42
UHF equipped
Ye S
No
NA - Not available
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of
Housing, 1970 Detailed Hou sin g
Characteristics, Final Report HC(l)-.B39 Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington D.C., 1972.
Library
In 197 0 Gilliam County provided $6,108 for county library operation
and spent $ 5,660. The county's circulation per capita of 3.85 and expen
diture per capita of $2.10 compares with
overall state figures of 6.3 and
$3.48.
Table 68.
City
Volumes
Condon
Arlington
County
Total
SOURCE:
Gilliam County Libraries, 1970
Circulation
Circulation
Per Capita
5,372
3,879
8,348
2,034
7.26
3.87
9,251
10,382
3.85
Hours Open Operating
Per Week
Expenditures
18
12
$4,258
1,402
-5,660
Or egon State Library, Directory of Oregon Libraries,
June 30, 1
- 52 -
Expenditures
Per Capita
$3.70
2.67
2.10
Utilities
In 1970 over 29 percent of Gilliam County households received their
water from individual wells compared to under 17 percent for the state
overall. The proportion of households using public sewers or private septic
tanks are nearly the same for Gilliam County and for the state.
Housing Units by Water Supply and Sewage Disposal, 1970
Table 69.
Gilliam County
Percent
Number
Subj ect
Water Source
Public system or private company.
Individual well
Other or none
633
279
41
66.4
29.3
4.3
79.8
16.9
3.3
562
358
59.0
37.6
3.5
61.0
37.5
Sewage disposal
Public sewer
Septic tank or cesspool
Other or none
1/
/
State
Percent
33
/
1.5
Percent of all year-round housing.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing, 1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC(1)-B39, Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington D.C. 1971.
SOURCE:
Electric power is provided in Gilliam County by Pacific Power and Light
There are no major electric power
and Columbia Basin Electric Cooperative.
generating plants within the county.
Table 70.
Types of Fuels for Heating, Cooking, by Number of Housing Units, 1960
and 1970
Type of Fuel
Utility gas
Fuel oil, kerosene
Coal or coke
Wood
Bottled, tank, or LP gas
Other fuel
None
Electricity
All Housing Units
SOURCE:
Home
Heatin2 Fuel
1960
1970
821
516
Water
Heating Fuel
1960
1970
Cooking
Fuel
1960
1970
21
20
20
21
--
18
81
47
61
963
166
747
20
17
20
861
963
730
747
963
- -
18
729
747
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing, 1960 and 1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC(1)-B39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington D.C. 1961, 1971.
- 53 -.
PUBLIC FINANCE
Table 71.
Selected Items of Local Government Finances for Gilliam County, 1966-67
I tern
General Revenue, excluding interlocal
Intergovernmental revenue
From state goverment
From local sources
Taxes
Property
Other
Charges and miscellaneous
Direct General Expenditure
Capital outlay
Other
Education
Other than capital outlay
Highways
Other than capital outlay
Public Welfare
Hospitals
Health
Police protection
Fire protection
Sewerage
Other than capital outlay
Sanitation
Parks and recreation
Natural resources
Housing and urban renewal
Correction
Libraries
Financial administration
General control
General public buildings
Interest on general debt
Other and unallocable
Gilliam County
Total
Per capita
amount
amount
$1,238,000
502,000
460,000
736,000
611, 000
608,000
3,000
125,000
1,794,000
642,000
1,152,000
755,000
705,000
320,000
271,000
$ 476
193
177
283
234
234
State
Per capita
amount
$ 308
97
83
210
156
151
1
5
48
54
316
62
690
247
443
254
180
152
290
271
123
30
20
104
156
.06
1.71
6
9,000
25,000
2,000
46,000
1,000
22,000
32,000
5,000
3
4
12
9
10
.67
18
8
.53
3
9
12
2
10
2
4
4
2
4,000
32,000
25,000
27,000
1,000
490,000
189
21
Water supply revenue
Water supply expenditure
43,000
40,000
17
16
12
13
General debt outstanding
Long-term
Local Schools
Other
466,000
466,000
179
179
466,000
179
214
203
101
101
SOURCE:
1
12
3
5
9
11
8
3
.25
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol. 4, No.
Comyendium of Government Finances, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington D.C. 1969.
- 54 -
6
5:
Table 72.
Assessed Value of Taxable Property, Oregon and Gilliani County, 1966 and 1970-71
I tern
Utilities' property
Air line companies
Electric companies
Express companies
Gas companies
Heating companies
Pipe line companies
Railroad companies
Tank and private car
companies
Telegraph companies
Telephone companies
Water companies
Water trans. companies
Total
Other real property
Lands
Inside corp. limits
Outside corp. limits
Improvements
Inside corp. limits
Outside corp. limits
Timber (excludes land)
Less veterans exemptions
Senior citizens residence
exemptions
Total taxable real property
Personal property
Mdse. and stock in trade
Furniture, fixtures, and
equipment
Farm machinery
equip
Other machinery
equip
Livestock
Miscellaneous
Veterans exemptions
Total taxable personal property
Total taxable property
Gilliam County
Dollars
1966
1970-71 1/
202,601
State
Percent
Percent
1970-71 1/
1966
750,473
1.1
1.8
4,163,206
6.4
10.1
0.1
5.5
884
1,140,612
1.5
0.01
0.08
1,254,859
5,927,383
7.0
85,396
2,515
401,518
473,823
14,565
1,446,323
0.5
0.01
2.2
11,775
3,100,160
31,600
12,807,373
17.4
295,430
8,547,280
730,970
23,844,730
1.7
1.8
47.9
58.1
1,223,000
1,164,640
5,761,380
4,564,830
6.8
6.5
14.0
11.1
29.1
20.2
3.0
14,690
82,400
0.08
.2
1.1
3,420
70,100
0.02
.2
0.5
11,212,240
34,749,410
62.8
84.7
74.9
236,810
786,180
1.3
1.9
6.5
56,560
722,520
1,989,410
456,050
70,680
250,770
3,321,520
.6
1.4
0.8
3.2
1,883,030
39,860
0.3
4.0
11.1
2.59
0.39
3,532,030
6,281,360
17,844,430
41,030,770
---
0.07
14.4
1.2
.03
3.5
.07
31.2
8.1
1.7
0.08
0.02
2.7
0.09
0.05
11.9
9.6
14.6
4.6
.1
0.1
19.8
15.3
13.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
1/
Oregon State Department of Re venue, First Biennial Report. 1968-70.
SOURCE: Oregon State Tax Commission, Biennial Report, 1i966-67; Oregon Department of Revenue,
Supplement to 1968-70 Biennial Report Summary df Levies and Assessments and
Analysis of City and County Property Tax Levies for 1970-71 Fiscal Year.
- 55 -
laDle 73.
Property lax Levies and Assessments, State of Oregon and Gilliam County
1966-67 and 1970-71
Item
Local Government
County
Cities
Total
School districts
I.E D
Joint
Elementary F unified
Union high
County unit
Community college
Total
Special districts
Cemetery
Fire protection
Hospital
Park and recreation
Port
Road
Sanitary
Water Supply
Other
Total
Total Levies
Gilliam County
lollars
Percent
1966-67
1970-71 1/
1966-67
1970-71 1
l46,411
40,611
l87,022
222,376
49,897
272,273
21.1
5.8
27.0
20.2
4.5
24.7
14.3
14.7
29.0
228,946
226,930
33.0
20.6
226,350
43,631
545,216
50,129
32.7
6.3
49.6
4.6
498,927
822,275
72.0
74.8
20.0
0.2
37.9
4.1
2.5
1.4
66.3
2,492
4,003
0.4
.4
0.07
1.5
0.2
3,957
0.6
---
.4
0.18
0.9
0.16
0.2
0.4
0.05
3.6
6,449
4,003
0.9
692,397
1,098,551
99.9
230
252
0.03
.02
0.3
0.03
0.09
0.35
0.05
0.02
0.01
253
252
0.03
.02
1.1
692,651
1,098,803
Special assessment
Fire patrol
Forest fee
Diking and drainage
Irrigation
Lighting
East Side Fire Fund
Other
99.98
23
Total Assessment
Total Gross Levies and
Assessments
State
Percent
1966-67
Less Property Relief
Moneys
Local relief
Senior citizens
Game Commission
NA
NA
NA
48,512
1,697
Total Net Levies and
Assessments
NA
100.0
100.0
4.4
32
NA
NA
NA
1,048,562
NA
95.3
98.9
100.0
.2
NA - Not Available
1/
Oregon Department of Revenue, Summary of Levies and Assessments and Analysis of City
and County Property Tax Levies eor 1970-71 Fiscal Year.
SOURCE:
Oregon State Tax Commission, Biennial Repdrt, 1966-67; Oregon State Department of
Revenue, First Biennial Retort, 1968-70.
- 56 -
Table 74.
City Valuation, Tax Rates and Taxes Extended in Gilliam County
Condon
I tern
Population
Code Area
Assessed Value
Assigned Ratio
Rate/$1,000 by
levying unit
County
City
School
Other
Total
City tax
Consolidated Tax
SOURCE:
Lonerock
Arlington
940
400
12
1
2
3
$4,999,728
100%
$3,386,436
100%
$63,350
100%
3.75
7.45
11.78
$
$
3.75
3.75
4.68
13.45
.00
11.78
.00
.22
.00
22.99
37,298
114,944
22.10
15,489
74,840
15.53
$
$
984
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessments and Tax Rolls
for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year, and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property Tax
Collections.
Table 75.
Per Capita City Taxes and Valuation Percentage Distribution of
Consolidated Rates and Dollars Per Thousand Rates on True Cash
Value in Gilliam County
I tern
True Cash Value (T.C.V.)
Per Capita True Cash Value
Per Capita Tax
City
Consolidated
Percentage of Total Levy
County
City
School
Other
Average Rate/$TCV Basis
County
City
School
Other
Total
SOURCE:
Condon
[
Lonerock
Arlington
$4,999,728
5,319
$3,386,436
8,466
$ 63,350
5,279
40
122
40
187
82
16.3
32.4
51.2
.0
17.0
21.2
60.9
1.0
24.2
.0
75.8
.0
3.75
3.75
7.46
11.78
3.75
4.68
13.45
.00
.22
.00
22.10
15.53
22.99
.00
11.78
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Si4rnmary of Assessment and Tax
Rolls for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property
Tax Collections.
- 57 -
Table 76.
Summary of Assessment Rolls for 1971-72 Fiscal Year Real Property,
Personal Property and Utilities, Gilliam County
Item
Assessed Value
($1,000)
Class
Real Property
Lands Inside Corporate Limits
Lands Outside Corporate Limits
Improvements Inside Corporate Limits
Improvements Outside Corporate Limits.
Timber (excludes land)
Less Veterans Exemptions
Less Senior Citizens Residence
Exemptions
Taxable Real Property
Personal Property
Merchandise and Stock inTrade
Furn., Fixtures and Equip
Farm Machinery and Equip,
Other Machinery and Equip
Livestock
Miscellaneous
Less Veterans Exemptions4
Less Senior Citizens Residence
Exemptions
Taxable Personal Property
$
789
24,253
5,534
4,584
Percent of
Total
.03
.77
.10
.10
(101)
.06
(88)
.08
.22
34,970
743
243
3,289
290
2,070
73
.06
.09
2.13
.05
1.39
.09
6,708
.28
41,679
.23
806
.09
4,259
1.63
6,108
2.44
2.91
S
Total Taxable Real and Personal Property
Utilities
Airline Companies
Electric Companies
Express Companies
Gas Companies
Heating Companies
Pipeline Companies
Railroad Companies
Tank and Private Car Companies
Telegraph Companies
Telephone Companies
Water Companies
Water Transportation Companies
Taxable Utility Property
13,246
.41
.63
Total Taxable Real, Personal and
Utility Property
54,925
.27
SOURCE:
574
11
1,436
52
.24
.27
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax
Rolls for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year; 1970-71 Property Tax Collections.
- 58 -
Table 77.
Summary of 1971-72 Property Tax Levies and Assessments,
Gilliam County
Amount in Dollars
I tern
Levies
County
Cities
Community Colleges
Elementary and Secondary School District
Intermediate County
Education Joint
Elementary and Unified
Union High
County Unit
Total School Districts
Special Districts
Cemetery
Fire Protection
Hospital
Park and Recreation
Port
Road
Sanitary
Water Supply
Other
Total Special Districts
Total Gross Ad Valoreni Levies
Special Assessments
Fire Patrol
Forest Fee
Diking and Drainage
Irrigation
Lighting
Other
Total Special Assessments
Total Gross Levies and Assessments
Less Property Relief Moneys
Senior Citizens
Game Commission
Total Net Ad Valorem Levies
Net Ad Valorem Taxes By Class
Real Property
Personal Property
Utility Property
SOURCE:
206,279
53,146
424,660
231,929
656,589
4,184
30,263
34,447
950,461
302
302
950,763
(1,975)
(
30)
948,456
602,193
114,799
231,464
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessments and Tax
Rolls for the Fiscal Year 1971-72
- 59 -
Table 78.
Amount and Percent of Unpaid Property Tax, Gilliam County, 1971
I tern
Amount Unpaid
Percent of
Unpaid
677,600
121,763
249,150
$ 59,250
6,045
8.7
5.0
1,048,513
65,295
Total Amount
Property Taxable
Real
Personal
Public Utilities ........
Western Oregon Additional
Timber Tax
Yield Tax
Total
SOURCE:
0
6.2
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessments and Tax
Rolls for the Fiscal Year 1971-72.
- 60
-
Selected List of Agencies
The following list gives names and addresses of agencies that have
served as data sources for this publication and may provide further or more
current data on subjects of interest.
In addition, a number of local and county offices are available to offer
local information and assistance, including:
Agriculture Stabilization and Conservation
Assessor
City Library
Corrections and Parole
County Engineer
County Extension
County Surveyor
Employment Division
Game Commission
Health Department
Public Welfare
Soil Conservation Service
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, University of Oregon, Eugene,
Oregon 97403
Center for Population Research and Census, Po'tland State University,
724 S.W. Harrison, Portland, Oregon 97201
Children Services Division, Oregon State Department of Human Resources,
Public Services Building, Salem, Oregon 9731O
Department of Environmental Quality, 1234 S.W Morrison
97204
S.
Portland, Oregon
Economic Research Service, U.S.D.A. Extension Hall, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331
Extension Service, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
Fish Commission of Oregon, 1400 S.W. 5th St.,Portland, Oregon 97201
4-H Youth Office, Extension Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis,
Oregon 97331
Forest Service, U.S.D.A., 319 S.W. Pine St., Portland, Oregon 97204
Governor's Office, Economic Development Special Projects, State Capitol
Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Local Government Relations Division, Oregon Executive Department
240 Cottage S.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
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Oregon Association of Broadcasters, Allen Hall, University of Oregon,
Eugene, Oregon 97403
Oregon Board of Higher Education, School Finance and Statistical
Services, 942 Lancaster Dr. N.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries,
Portland, Oregon 97201
1400 S. W. 5th St.,
Oregon Educational Coordj.nating Council, 4263 Commercial S.E., Salem,
Oregon 97310
Oregon State Department of Revenue, State Office Building, Salem, Oregon
97310
Oregon State Employment Division, Community Manpower, Research and
Statistics, or Rural Manpower sections, Lab. and md. Building, Salem,
Oregon 97310
Oregon State Game Commission, 1634 Alder, Portland, Oregon 97214
Oregon State Health Division, Department of Human Resources, 1400 S.W. 5th,
Portland, Oregon 97201
Oregon State Highway Division, State Parks and Recreation Section, 8009 E.
Burnside, Portland, Oregon 97215
Oregon State Lands Division, 502 Winter N.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
22
Oregon State Library, State Library Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon State Public WelfaTe Division, Department of Human Resources, Public
Services Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service
809 N.E. 6th St., Portland, Oregon 97232
Secretary of State's Office, State Capitol Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Soil Conservation Service, U.S.D.A., 1218 S.W. Washington, Portland, Oregon
97205
State Water Resources Board, 1158 Chemekéta N.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
U.s. Department of Commerce, 921 S.W. Washington, Portland, Oregon 97204
(for copies of U.S. Census publications)
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Selected Bibliography
1.
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Oregon Economic Statistics
1972, University of Oregon, 1972.
2
Carolan, W B
Jr , Federal Land Oregon, Oregon State University, 1963
Center for Population Research and Census, Population Estirates of Counties
and Incorporated Cities of Oregon, Portland State University, July 1972
Office of the Governor, Planning Division, Health Facts, 1969.
Oregon Association of Broadcasters, Director
Stations for the State of Oregon, 1972
of Radio and Television
6
Oregon Board of Higher Education, 1969 School Directory and 1971-72 Oregon
School-Community College Directory, School F)iiance and Statistical
Services.
7.
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon oi1 and Water Conservation
Needs Inventory, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, 1971.
Oregon Department of Plnning and Development, Resources for Development,
1964.
Oregon Educational Coordinating Council, Past Secondary Enrollment in
Oregon, 1972
Oregon State Board of Census, Components of Population Growth, Population
Bulletin P-3, 1961.
Oregon State Board of Health, Oregon Plan fox Construction and Modernization of Hospitals, Public Health Centers and Medical Facilities, 1971
Annual Revision, Health Facility Planning ana Construction Section, 1971
12
Oregon State Department of Commerce, Economic Development Division,
Directory of Oregon Manufacturers - 1970
Oregon State Department of Employment, 1965 Oregon Farm Labor Report, 1966.
Oregon State Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Control
In Oregon, Oregon Sanitary Authority, 1970.
15
Oregon State Department of Forestry jointly with U S Forest Service,
Oregon Timber Industries, 1968, Wood Consumption and Mill Characteristics,
1968.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, CJildren Services Division,
Adolescent Population and Commitment Data by Counçy, by Calendar Year
1967-1970.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division, Labor
Force and Employment in Oregon by County 1968 through 1971 publications,
Research and Statistics Section.
- 63 -
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division, 1971
Annual Rural Manpower Report, 1972.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division, Oregon
Covered Employment and Payrolls, 1970 and 1971, Summary Data, Research
and Statistics Section, 1971, 1972.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon Public Welfare Division,
Public Welfare in Oregon, October 1970 and December 1970 editions.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon State Health Division,
jjplementation and Enforcement Plan for the Public Waters of the State
of Oregon, Oregon Sanitary Authority, 1967.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon State Health Division,
Vital Statistics Annual Report, Vital Statistics Section, 1971.
Oregon State Department of Revenue, First Biennial Report 1968-70.
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax Rolls
for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property Tax Collections,
1972.
Oregon State Department Øf Transportation, State Highway Division,
"Day Visitor Attendance", State Parks and Recreation Section, 1972.
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division,
"Overnight Camping by the Public't, State Parks and Recreation Section,
1972.
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division, "The
State Park Visitor in Oregon", State Parks and Recreation Division.
Oregon State Executive Department, Clay Meyers, Secretary of State,
Oregon Blue Book, 1971-72, January 1971.
29.
Oregon State Executive Department, Local Government Relations Division,
District Facts, 1970.
Oregon State Fisheries Commission, 1968 Annual Report.
Oregon State Game Commission, 1968 Annual Report, Oregon State Game
Commission.
Oregon State Game Commission, "Oregon State Game Commission Bulletin",
May 1972.
Oregon State Lands Division, Inventory of State-Owned Real Property,
By County, 1970.
Oregon State Library, Directory of Oregon Libraries, annual statistics for
the year ending June 30, 1970.
- 64 -
Oregon State University Cooperative Extension Service, Agriculture
in Oregon Counties - Farm Sales and General Characteristics, Special
Report 330, Oregon State University, 1971.
O.S.U. Cooperative Extension Service, Income and Poverty Data for
Racial Groups: A Compilation for Oregon Census County Divisions, Special
Report 367, Oregon State University, 1972.
Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1968.
State Water Resources Board, River Basin Reports.
State Water Resources Board, U.S.D.A. River Basin Reports on Water and
Related Land Resources, 1962.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1969, Vol. 1 Area
Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C., 1972.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1967 Retail Trade:
Oregon, BC 67 - RA 39, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
1969.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1967 Wholesale Trade:
Oregon, BC 67 - WA 39, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
1969.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol. 4, No. 5:
Compendium of Government Finances, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1969.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol. 3, No. 2,
Compendium of Public Employment, U.S. Governnent Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1969.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing: 1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC (1) - B39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Manufacturers, 1967, Area Services:
Oregon, MC 67(3) -38, U.S. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,1970.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census of Population, General Demographic
Trends for Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to 1970, Final Report PHC (2)-39,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1971.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970 General Population
Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) - B39 Oregon, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1971.
1970 General Social and
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population:
Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) - C39 Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
- 65 -
U.S.D.A. ad Cooperative Extension Service cooperating, "Oregon Commodity
Data Sheets", Oregon State University, 1971-72.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of U.S.
Climate, Supplement for 1951 through 1960, Oregon No. 86-31, 1965.
U.S. Forest Service, Forest statistics publications for various Oregon
regions, Resource Bulletin PNW-1O, Pacific Northwest Experiment Station.
U.S. Forest Service, "1970 Timber Harvest", U.S.D.A. Forest Service
Resource Bulletin PNW-38, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment
Station, 1971.
U.S. Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey Reports.
- 66 -
Extension Service, Oregon Stat Unisersily, Corvallis, Joseptili. Codkector.ThWposi:
and distributed In furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. E*Ieijle. west Ins
cooperative program of Oregon Stats University the U S Depetiment ofAgricullan,_- ONn :