tdet e4c44 Ae9st
'URCE
L
ATLAS
NATURAL
HUMAN
ECONOMIC
PUBLIC
SEPTEH :R 1973
EXTENSION c2O4A4AUSCWIXZI
t4JtCOj34(L4LV
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
PROJECT
Baker County, Oregon
NATURAL
RESOURCE
ATLAS
HUMAN
ECONOMIC
PUBLIC
August 1973
Oregon State University Extension Service
Prepared by Gary Valde, Research Assistant,
Under the supervision of
Robert 0 Coppedge,
Extension Economist, and Russell C Youmans,
Extension Resource Economist,
Department of Agricultural Economics
For sale by the Extension Business Office, Exten3ion Hall 118,
Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331. $2.50 per copy.
MILES
5
10
1520
BAKER
COUNTY
BAKER
MILE S
15
10
COUNTY
20
'V
\
p4
1:7
Homestead
Cornucopa
dy
a nes\
Half way
Pine
New B ridge
BAKER
Sum pt e r
7j
Richlqn
Pleasant Valley
'p
80
Whitn ey
I./n/y Re&
-leref ord
Unity
Bridgeport
Lime
Huntingto
STATE
LOCATION
-
LEGEND
PRIMARY HIGHWAYS 0
SECONDARY HIGHWAYS Q
COUNTY ROADS
INTERSTATE HIGHWAYSQ
Contents
General Description
............
Physical Aspects ......
Climate
Soils .......
Soil Characteristics and Land Capability.
Land Ownership and Land Use
Agricultural Land
Forest Land
.
.
.......
Water............
Water-based Recreation.
Minerals......
Wildlife.
Human Resources
Population
Employment
Income
Education
Health and Vital Statistics
Public Welfare........
Housing
......
.............
Economy............
The County's
Agriculture
Logging and Wood Products
.......
ManufacturirLg
Mining - Mireral and Metal Industries
Outdoor
Recreation...........
Business........
Public. Services
Transportation.
Communication .
Library Facilities.
.
Utilities ......
Public Finance.....
Selected List of Agencies
Selected Bibl ography
47
47
53
55
56
57
59
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Baker County is located on the Oregon-Idaho border
The Snake River
forms the eastern border, Waflowa and Union Counties the northern border,
Grant County the western border, and Maiheur County forms the southern
border
Two major stream systems, Powder and Burnt Rivers, and two minor
streams, Pine and Eagle Creeks, comprise the drainage system
They all
flow into the Snake River
The county covers a total of 1,963,520 acres
to rank tenth in $ize among Oregon counties.
Baker, the county seat, had a population of 9,530 in 1972, which was
nearly two-thirds of the total county population
The town is about 304
miles from Portland, 44 miles south of La Grande, and 133 miles northeast
of Boise, Idaho.
Over half the area of the county is publicly owned.
of the private land is used for grazing
A large portion
Climate varies greatly within the county, depending on elevation
Precipitation varies from 10 to 40 inches, while it averages 10 to 15 inches
in most areas of the county
The county's economy is based largely on lumbering and agriculture
Baker County was established September 22, 1862, when it was separated
from Wasco County
Union and Malheur Counties were taken from the original
Baker County in 1884 and 1887, respectively.
Settlement of Baker County began in the early 1860's with the dscovery
of gold
Livestock production was the first agricultural enterprise with
production of potatoes, vegetables, grain and hardy fruits soon after to
meet the demand in mining camps
After railroads and roads were built and
produce was shipped in, production of grass, hay, and small grains became
the major enterpiise
Land was brought under irrigation and livestock
became the major product
Lumbering began shortly after mining began and
has been a major source of income to Baker County ever since
Past economic
growth has been based primarily on lumbering and agriculture, however, in
recent years employment in retail sales and services ha', increased
Service
and retail establishments have benefited from traffic on U S Interstate
Highway 80.
Recreational use of the resources in the county has also been
enhanced because of this major highway.
1/
Coppedge, Robert 0 , Agriculture in Oregon Counties - 'arm Sales and
General Characteristics, Special Report 330, Oregon State University
Extension Service, Corvallis, Oregon, 1971.
A brief summary of major facts for the county is given below. 1/
Area:
3,084 square miles
l,963,52 acres
Elevation at Bak'r
Population:
3,471 feet
Average Temperature
Summer - 61 4
Winter - 28.7
County Seat:
15,200
(July 1, 1972)
True Cash Value
$214,472,819
(July, 1972)
Principal Irdustries
Mining, Livestock Raising,
Lumbering
Baker
PHYSICAL ASPECTS
The principal topographic features in Baker County tre the Blue Mountains
to the west, the precipitous, glacial eroded Wallowa Moutitains to the northeast, and the deeply incised Snake River Canyon to the east. The Blue Mountains
have several peaks, Huckleberry Mountain, Sheep Rock, Bald Mountain, and Dooley
Mountain, which form the division between the Burnt River Valley and SumpterUpper Powder Valley.
A smooth, gently sloping valley floor and low terraces, which rise
abruptly into the Wallowa Mountains to the north and pass into lava formations
to the south and east, are principal topographic features of Pine Valley
Elevations range from 10,000 feet on Eagle Cap Mountain to 1,650 feet
in some areas of the county.
The Lower Powder Valley is traversed by the Powder River. The valley
floor is nearly level
Low benches border the valley and break sharply into
the surrounding uplands and Wallowa Mountains to the north.
The Baker VaUey has nearly flat broad alluvial plain or river bottom
with smaller valleys extending up the side streams
The west side of the
valley is composei of gently sloping alluvial fans and terraces which merge
into hills and the rugged Blue Mountains.
1/
2/
Oregon State Executive Department, Clay Meyers, Secretary of State,
Oregon Blue Book, 1973-74, January 1973.
Oregon State Water Resources Board, Powder River Basin, 1966.
Climate
Baker County's ciiuiateistemperate and semi-arid, being characterized
by low precipitation and low winter and high summer temperatures
The topography of the courty produces considerable local variation in the climate
The average annual precipitation varies from extremes of 80 inches at
mountain tops to 8 inches in the Haines area of the Baker Valley
Annual
precipitation in the cropland areas is generally less than 20 inches
About
50 percent of the precipitation falls during the lrrlgatLon season -- April
through September
During the summer months, much of the basin is subject
to violent cloud burst storms of small area extent and high intensity
These
storms are the cause of severe soil erosion and flood damage, and they increase
the soil moisturevery little.
The annual snowfall varies from a trace along the Snake River to several
feet in the upper reaches of the county
Mountain snowpacks are important
sources of water for irrigation, fishlife, wildlife, domestic use, and other
uses
The mean annual snowfall from 1951-1960 was 30 inches at Baker and
over 250 inches at Cornucopia in the Wallowa Mountains.
The prevailing winds are northwest in the summer ar.d southeast the remainderof the year. The wind velocity usually ranges from 6 to 8 miles an
hour, with the highest velocities in December, January, and February
The mean annual temperatures in the cropland areas vary from 44 degrees
at Baker to 53 degrees at Huntington
Average temperature extremes vary
from -30 degrees at Baker to 110 degrees at Huntington.
The average growing season ranges from 60 days in the mountains to 200
days along the Srake River
The average frost-free season at different
locations are as follows
Baker, 140 days, Richiand, 130 days, and Huntington,
180 days.
Table 1.
Selected Weather Stations in Baker County
Station
Baker, FAA Airport
Baker, KBKR
Cornucopia
Halfway
Huntington
Richland
Unity
...............
SOURCE:
Elevation in Feet
3,368
3,444
4,700
2,683
2,150
2,215
4,031
U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of
U.S. Climate, Supplement for 1951 through 1960, OregOn No. 86-31,
1965.
Table 2.
Temperature and Precipitation, Baker County, By Month, 1951-60 Averages
Station
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
Average
Temperature
Baker, FAA
Airport....
Baker, KBKR..
Cornucopia...
Halfway
Huntington 1/
Richiand 1/.
Unity
1/....
June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.. Annual
degrees Farenheit
24.1 28.8 34.8 44.2 52.0 58.0 66.0 62.7 56.1 45.2 33.6 26.9
272310365460532596683653595486361293
243281363461535601678653587473350265
30234342251760569180277 l6 4534390324
286353414495588666760725643516387313
23128133642 250156 66456235b 3450326258 434
Total
Precipitation
Baker, FAA
Airport.
Baker, KBKR
Cornucopia
Halfway 1/
Huntington 1/
Richiand 1/
Unity 1/
inches -
.4
.82
.74 1.84 1.24
76 1 33
83 2 16 1 48
7.70 5.40 4.50 2.90 3.10 2.00
.83
)3
360250200170200110
2 00 1 40
90
98 1 30
66
150110 74110180110
1 20
82
76
58 1 60 1 10
*NA - temperature data for Cornucopia
1/
Some months are for less than the
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce,
Climate, Supplement for 1951
Table 3.
Station
Baker, FAA
Airport
Baker KBKR
Halfway 2/
Huntington
Rlchland 2/
Unity
44.4
467
NA*
458
531
512
.44
75
.59
48
10
17
44
.51
61
.56
64
.75
.76
.91
92 1 11 1 22
.97 1.60 3.50 5.50 7.70
52110130210370 220
22
42
42
61
74
68
81 1 10 1 90
12 0
76110160 122
74
75 1 30
10 3
not available.
1951-1960, ten year period.
Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of U S
through 1960, Oregon No. 86-31, 1965.
Freeze Data for Baker County, 1951 - 1960
Mean Number of Days with Temperatu'e of 32°F orBelow
Jan. IFeb. IMar.IApr.I May JuneIJuly(Aug.3ep.Oct.JNov.( Dec.IAnnual
28
28
10
27
)9
30
26
25
27
23
25
27
28
26
27
18
22
29
20
17
19
6
17
24
6
1
1
10
1/
0
7
4
13
2
1/
5
Il
1
6
0
1/
0
1/
1/
1/
0
2
0
1
2
7
1/
3
9
22
13
20
5
19
22
26
23
26
21
25
28
30
24
30
29
28
29
Less than 0.5 days.
21 Some months are for less than the 1951-1960, ten year period
SOURCE:
U S Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of U S
Climate, Supplement for 1951 through 1960, Oregon No. 86-31, 1965.
J
10.2
12 7
45.5
195
170
198
129
172
219
The following table indicates an average day time high and low for each
month over the years 1951-1960
The minimum temperature is generally considered a night time figure.
Table 4.
Mean Daily Maximum and Minimum Temperatures, By Month, 1951-1960 Averages
Station
Jan. Feb JMaT
Apr
Mean Daily
Maximum Temp.
Baker, FAA,
Airport....
Baker, KBKR..
Halfway 1/...
Huntington 1/
Richland 1/..
Unity 1/
Mean Daily
Minimum Temp.
May
June Ju1y Aug
Sep
0ct
Nov
Dec
Annual
- degrees Farenheit
33.2 38.4 45.6 58.1 66.1 73.1 85.4 82.1 75.1 61.2 44.8 35.8
58.2
357408479600678749864834774632466378 602
34.2
38.8
38.8
32.7
39.2
43.6
46.6
38.9
49.3
53.6
54.7
45.7
61.7
65.4
67.4
56.6
70.3
74.5
78.1
66.1
78.4
84.0
87.5
74.2
89.1
97.0
98.0
85.8
86.7
93.1
95.5
83.1
79.8
83.4
87.8
76.9
63.9
67.4
72.3
62.7
47.3
49.9
53.2
45.6
36.0
41.0
43.0
35.7
61.4
66.0
68.6
58.7
degrees Farneheit
Baker FAA,
Airport....
Baker KBKR...
Halfway 1/...
Huntington /
Richland 1/..
Unity 1/
16.2 19.2 23.9 30.3 37.9 42.9 46.6 43.3 37.0 29.2 22.3 18.0 30.6
18.8 21.1 25.2 31.9 38.6 44.2 50.1 47.1 41.5 33.9 25.5 20.7 33.2
14.5 16.5 23.3 30.5 36.8 41.7 46.6 43.9 37.6 30.8 22.8 17.0 30.2
21.4 24.9 30.7 38.0 46.5 53.9 63.7 61.0 51.3 39.5 28.0 23.8 40.2
18.3 23.8 28.1 31.5 39.9 45.7 54.1 49.6 40.5 31.0 241 20.6 33.9
13.4 17.3 21.5 27.7 34.0 39.1 43.1 41.4 35.7 28.7 19.3 15.9 28.1
1/
Some months are for less than the 1951-1960, ten year, period.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of U.S.
Climate, Supplement for 1951 through 1960, Oregon No. 86-31, 1965.
For more recent climatological data on Baker County, see: U.S. Department
of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental
Data Service, Climatological Data, Annual Summary 1971, Vol. 77, No. 13, 1971.
Soils
The Baker area soil survey Is made up of five valleys separated by
range lands, and lies in the northern part of Baker County and the southern
part of Union County
The valleys covered in the survey are Baker, Sumpter,
Pine, Eagle, and Lower Powder
The valleys cover 572 square miles, the
intervening range dnd forest land covers 248 square miles
The area surveyed amounted to 820 square miles, or 524,800 acres
The survey does not
cover the upper Burnt River Valley and Durkee Valley.
The soil series of the Baker area fall in three main groups, based
mainly on physiogrtphy. They are as follows
(1) soils of uplands, (2) soils
of older terraces, alluvial fans, and lake basins, and (3) soils of bottom
lands and recent alluvial fans.
The soils of the uplands cover large areas but are low in productivity.
The common features of these soils are a more or less stcny surface soil and
a bedrock substratum at rather shallow depths
These soils fall into three
subgroups according to their natural vegetation and color of surface soil
The light-colored soils formed under grass and sagebrush are members of
the Durkee, Glasgow, Lookout, North Powder, and Ruckles series
They have
a color of light brownish-gray, pale-brown, or grayish-brown surface soils
and more or less calcareous subsoils
The soils have developed under an
annual precipitation ranging from 9 to 14 inches
Grazing is the main use
of this series.
The dark-colored soils formed under grass, sagebrush, or shrubs are
Brownlee, Clover Creek, Gem, Keating, Mehlhorn, and Turnbow series.
These
soils are dark grayish-brown, dark-gray, grayish-brown, or slightly darkbrown in color
They have developed under higher rainfall than those of the
light-colored subgroup, and their surface soils are more granular and contain
more organic matters. The precipitation of this area ranges from 12 to 25
inches.
Soils formed under coniferous forest are Moscow, Kilnergue, Rouen, and
Underwood
They .re non-calcareous and somewhat acid and have developed under
higher rainfall than the two previous subgroups
The annual precipitation is
18 to 45 inches.
Soils of older terraces, alluvial fans, and lake basins
from water-laid materials derived from a variety of sources.
Halfway soils, these soils are adequately drained for common
group is divided into nine subgroups on the basis of profile
the texture and consistence of the subsoil, the color of. the
and the natural vegetation.
have formed
Except for the
crops.
This
development,
surface soils,
Light-colored soils with hardpan, formed under sagebrush and grass, are
the Barnard and Virtue series
They are old with a hardpan subsoil that is
slowly permeable to impermeable
Rainfall averages 9 to 13 inches annually
The Virtue soils overlie unconsolidated old mixed alluvrum, the Barnard,
semi-consolidated gravel, clay tuff, diatomite, and basalt
The uses of
these soils are grazing or irrigated hay and grains.
Dark-colored soils with hardpan, formed under grass and sagebrush, are
the Bulger and Salisbury series
The surface soil is somewhat dark-colored
and the hardpan occurs in the subsoil
The average annual precipitation for
this area is 12 to 15 inches. The soils occur on terraces and
alluvial fans
and are non-calcareous in their lower subsoils. The Bulger soil is derived
mostly from old granitic and quartzitic alluvium, whereas the Salisbury soils
are derived chiefly from old mixed coarse alluvium composed mainly of argillite
mixed with basaltic and granitic materials
Light-colored soils with fine-textured subsoil formed under sagebrush
and grass are the Baker and Hutchinson series
They receive an annual precipitation of 9 ti 14 inches
They have fine-textured, slowly or very slowly
permeable subsoil over stratified older alluvium and occur on terraces and
old alluvial fans
The Baker soils have a calcareous lover subsoil, whereas
the Hutchinson soIls are non-calcareous in most places and are derived to a
greater extent from granitic materials
The soils of this subgroup are used
for irrigated hay and grains, dry-farmed grains, and grazing
Dark-colored soils with fine-textured subsoil, formed under grass and
sagebrush, are th Hibbard and Ladd series
These soils occur on terraces
and old alluvial tans
The annual precipitation ranges from 13 to 16 inches
The subsoil is very slowly to moderately permeable and lies over stratified
old alluvium.
The Hibbard soils have a calcareous lower subsoil and are derived from
old mixed alluvium, mostly agillitic and quartzitic in origin
The Ladd
soils are non-calcareous in most places and are derived largely from old
granitic or dioritic alluvium
The soils of this subgroup are used for dryfarmed grains, irrigated alfalfa and grains and grazing.
Light-colored soils with fine-textured subsoil, formed under grass,
bitter-brush, aria trees, is the Applegate Series
It has a light-colored
or brown surface soil and a non-calcareous subsoil
They occur on terraces
and old alluvial fans.
Dark-colored soils with fine-textured subsoil, formed under grass and
a few trees, is the Halfway series
It has a fine or moderately fine-textured
subsoil that lies over stratified old alluvium and occurs on terraces and old
alluvial fans
The precipitation ranges from 17 to 25 inches
It has imperfect
to moderately good drainage, and the soils are used mostly for irrigated hay
and grains and pasture.
The light-colored soils with moderately fine-tmxtured subsoil, formed
under pines, is a grouping that is a member of the NcEwen series
The color
is a brown, pale-brown, or grayish-brown acid soil which lies under
a thin
layer of forest utter. The subsoil is non-calcareous. The McEwen soils
occur on terraces and low alluvial fans
The grouping of dark-colored soils with medium-textured subsoil, formed
under grass, shrubs, and a few trees, is a member of th3 Langrell series
The
annual precipitation in this area is 17 to 25 inches, and is used for irrigated
hay and grains ad pasture.
The grouping of light-colored soils with coarse-textured subsoil, formed
under pines, is a irember of the Springdale series
It has a rapidly permeable
non-calcareous subsoil and occurs on terraces and alluvia1 fans
Precipitation
ranges from 12 to 20 inches. The soils are used for irrigated alfalfa and
grains, grazing and forestry.
Soils of bottom lands and recent alluvial fans occur on valley floors,
which include stream bottom lands, low alluvial fans, or very low terraces
The soils in this grouping are placed in four subgroups on the basis of color
of surface soil, drainage, and natural vegetation.
The group of light-colored, imperfectly or poorly drained soils formed
under saltgrass and greasewood or sagebrush (strongly affected by alkali),
is a member of the Haines, Stanfield, Umapine, and Lun series. They appear
on valley floors, have a calcareous subsoil, are formed under salt-loving or
alkali-tolerant grasses and some shrubs.
Precipitation is 9 to 13 inches.
The Stanfield soil has a lime hardpan, the Lun and Umapine have a weakly developed hardpan.
The Lun has a fine-textured upper subsoil. The Haines is a
very light-colored soil with volcanic ash in the lower part of the profile
Light-colored, well-drained soils formed under grass and sagebrush are
the Onyx and Powder series. They are well-drained, occur on valley floors,
and are used for irrigated alfalfa and grains and grazing.
Light-colored imperfectly or poorly drained soils formed under grass
and shrubs (slighly affected by alkali) are the Baldock, Balm, and Gooch
series
They have a calcareous surface soil and subsoil, and a slight excess
of soluble salts may be present.
The soils are formed in stratified waterlaid materials on valley floors
The annual precipitation is 9 to 13 inches
The Baldock subsoil is medium-textured, the Gooch fine-textured, and the Balm
coarse-textured. The soils of this subgroup are..used for irrigated hay and
grains or for grazing.
Dark-colored, imperfectly or poorly drained soils formed under grass
and a few shrubs or trees are Catherine, Hershal, and Wingville series
They
have dark or moderately dark surface soils and permeable subsoils and were
formed on valley floors from mixed alluvial materials
The annual precipitation is 10 to 3C inches
The Catherine and Hershal soils are non-calcareous,
the Wingville are calcareous
The Hershal soils are not so dark and are more
poorly drained than the others of this subgroup
All the soils of this subgroup are used for hay and grains under irrigation.
Soil Characteristics and Land Capability
Table 5.
Land Area and Use of Inventory Acreage, 1967
Use
Acres
Inventory Acreage
Cropland
Pasture
Range
Forest and woodland
Other land
164,750
400,000
554,620
156,000
8,600
Total inventory acreage
923,970
Percent of total land area in inventory.
47.2%
Non-Inventory Acreage
Federal land
Urban and built-up areas
Water areas
1,008,110
20,600
5,000
Total non-inventory acres
1,033,710
Total land area
1,957,680
SOURCE:
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon So:.1 and Water Conservation Needs Inventory, U.S. Soil Conservation Service and Oregon
State University Extension Service, 1971.
An interpretive grouping of soils into "Land Capability Classification"
has been developed by the Soil Conservation Service. This grouping shows,
in general, how suitable soils are for most kinds of farming
Soil characteristics such as depth, texture, wetness, slope, erosion hazard, overflow
hazard, permeability, structure, reaction, waterholding capacity, inherent
fertility and climatic conditions as they influence the use and management
of land are considered in grouping soils into eight land capability classes.
These eight classes are designated by Roman numerals.
2he hazards and limitations of use of the groups increase as the class number increases. Class
I land has few hazards or limitations, whereas Class VIII land is so limited
that it is unfit for cultivation and grazing. This land can be used only
for recreation, wildlife habitat or water supply.
Table 6.
Use of Inventory Acreage by Capability Class and Type of Limitation,
Baker County, 1967
Capability Class
and Limitations
/
I
Cropland
I
Use in Acres
Pasture-Range I Forest
0
0
I
0
Other
I
Total
0
II
E
13,640
16,235
12,183
1,354
w
S
C
0
0
2,675
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13,640
18,910
12,183
1,354
Ii'
E
w
27,305
40,760
1,882
10,684
525
37,053
6,517
27,479
18,981
525
0
0
9,703
332,274
83,899
49,227
151,418
43,782
28,319
0
0
0
6,500
6,500
164,750
594,620
156,000
8,600
923,970
0
29,712
51,444
IV
E
w
0
65,057
25,498
0
VI
E
VII
E
S
1,050
426,926
93 ,O09
179 ,737
VII
S
Total...............
1/
Limitations:
SOURCE
E - Main limitation is erosion.
W - Water in soil interferes with plant growth
S - Soil is shallow, droughty, or stonj
C - Main limitation is climate, too cold or too dry
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon Soi& and Water Conservation
Needs Inventory, U S D A Soil Conservation Service and Oregon State
University Extension Service, 1971.
- 10 -
Table 7.
Conservation Treatment Needs, Baker County, 1967
Classification
Acreage
ALL CROPLAND
164,750
Cropland needing treatment
Type of treatment needed:
112,756
Residue cover ...........
0
Sod in rotation
Drainage
Management
Other 1/
5,746
1,417
8,544
95,505
ALL PASTURE AND RANGE
594,620
Pasture and range needing treatment
Type of treatment needed:
Establishment of vegetation
Improvement of vegetation
FOREST AND WOODLAND
422,665
158,837
263,828
156,000
Forest and woodland needing treatment
Description of problems
Establishment of timber stand
Improvement of timber stand ......
OTHER LAND
127,970
46,325
81,645
8,600
Other land needing treatment
4,900
1/
Includes improved irrigation systems and water management.
SOURCE: Oregon Conservation Needs Conmiittee, Oregon Soil and Water Conservation Needs Inventory, U.S. Soil Conservation Service and Oregon
State University Extension Service, 1971.
Land Ownership and Land Use
About 50 pecent of Baker County is publicly owned
Over 48 percent
is owned by the federal government.
The U.S. Forest Service manages about
two-thirds of the federal land, and the Bureau of Land 'Ianagement administers
most of the rest
The state owns only about one percent of the county's area
Much of the land area In Baker County Is used for grazing. Second In
importance is forest lands
Only about 10 percent of the county is in cropland, and much of this is used for pasture.
11 -
Table
8.
Land Use and Ownership, Baker County,
1964
Baker County
Acres
Percent
I
I tern
State
Percent
-
Total land area
1,973,805
100.00
100.00
4,539
0.23
191,455
9.70
Land Use
Urban
Industrial
Military
Intensive agriculture
Dryland farming
Forests
Parks
Conservation
Grazing
Non-productive 3 and
762,069
38.61
13,027
974,643
28,072
0.66
49.38
1.42
0.49
0.16
0.10
6.52
-3.33
44.84
0.32
2.25
41.50
0.49
Land Ownership
Total private land ownership
Total public land ownership
Federal
State
Local...
992,365
981,440
948,426
19,865
13,149
50.27
49.72
48.05
1.00
0.66
44.20
55.80
51.80
2.90
1.10
SOURCE:
Oregon Department of Planning and Development, Resources for
Development, 1964.
Table 9..
Invtntory of State-Owned Real Property, Baker County, 1970
Agency
Employment Division....
Department of Forestry.
Game Commission.........
Division of State
Lands
Military Department
Highway Division
Parks
Office and
Maintenance.......
Totals
SOURCE
Acres
Land
Value
Improvement
Value
Total
Value
Annual
Rental
Income
0.35
1.49
26.04
$ 20,000
2,400
7,800
3,806.12
2.09
84,745
2,000
164,500
84,745
166,500
166.57
7,061
190,611
197,672
$300
34.14
4,036.80
47,432
$171,438
205,434
$634,175
252,866
$805,613
--
$ 48,000
25,630
$ 68,000
28,030
7,800
$300
Legislative Fiscal Committee, Inventory of State-Owned Real Property,
By County Sec 7, 115 State Capital, Salem, Oregon, 1970
Table 10
Land Area in Highways, Streets, and Roads, Baker County
Ownership
highways......................
State
County roads
.........................
Citystreets ........................
SOURCE:
Acres
Percent
7,360
6,580
530
50.9
45.5
3.7
14,470
100.0
Oregon State Department of Revenue and Oregon State Highway
Division, unpublished data.
Agricultural Land
About 800,000 acres or 40 percent of Baker County is in farm land.
However, only about 10 percent of the county is in crop and
The major
uses of the cropland are production of hay and small grains
Approximately 14 percent of the county's farmland Ls under irrigation,
which substantially increases the variety of crops which can be grown and
the quantity which can be produced
Table 11.
Land in Farms, Baker County, 1964 and 1969
1964
Acres
1969
Percent
Acres
Percent
1,963,520
100.0
45.3
1,963,648
100.0
40.7
890,142
90,457
46,075
21,340
100.0
10 1
5 2
2.4
799,513
81,272
58,510
12,409
100.0
10 2
Other land
55,762
676,504
0.6
76.0
75,754
571,568
9.5
71.5
Irrigated land
126,515
14.2
109,466
13.7
I tern
Total land area
Proportion in farms
Acres in farms
Cropland harvested
Cropland pastue
Other cropland
Woodland including
woodland pasi.ure
SOURCE:
I
7 3
1.6
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1969, Vol. 1,
Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U S Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1972.
Forest Land
Forest land in the Powder Drainage Basin occupies 37 percent of the
total area or 76l,00 acres
The forests are almost exclusively softwoods
with small stringers of hardwoods in the valleys. The forest zone begins
about 4,000 feet above sea level. Tree growth is limited by moisture at
lower elevations
Usually a belt of western juniper occurs between the
forest and grassland.
Ponderosa pine predominates on much of the forested area and often
occurs in pure stands at lower elevations
As elevation increases and
moisture conditions become favorable, such species as Douglas fir, white
fir, western larch, lodgepole pine, and western white pire are found in
increasing proportions
On the cool, moist upper slopes, generally above
6,000 feet elevation, alpine fir, lodgepole pine, and Englemann spruce
predominate
Extensive pure stands of lodgepole pine are often found at
higher elevations in areas where fire, insects, or disease killed the original stand.
Areas of grassland, occasionally exceeding 1,000 acres, are intermingled
in the forest land zone
These areas occur in all elevation zones and furnish
much of the summer feed for livestock and big game
The forest stands occur as solid blocks in the mountainous areas -mostly located in the northern and western portions of the basin
Open
areas of varying size are prevalent on south slopes and on ridge tops
About 20 perent of the commercial forest land in Baker County, or
129,530 acres, was in private ownership in 1956
Eighty percent of the
forest land in the county, 521,150 acres, was in federal ownership, of
which 77 percent is the Wallowa-Whitman National Forest
The remaining
3 percent of forest land in federal ownership is controlled by the Bureau
of Land Managemen..
A very small percentage of the commercial forest land is owned by state,
county, or municipal governments -- a total of 1,220 acres
The major uses of forest land in Baker County are for production of
crops of commercial timber, for outdoor recreation, for watershed protection,
and for grazing cf livestock
Use as a wildlife habitat is also important
There was an estimated 651,900 acres of commercial forest land in Baker
County in 1956
Commercial forest land Is forest land that is (a) producing,
or is physically capable of producing, usable crops of wood, (b) economically
available, now or prospectively, for timber harvest, and (c) not withdrawn
from timber harvest.
The U S Forest Service estimated there were 92,730 acres of non-commercial
forest land, or 5 percent of the forest land, in Baker County.
- 14 -
Table 12
Forest Acreage, Ownership and Use, Baker County, 1956
I tern
LAND
Total land
Forest land
Commercial...
Unproductive
Productive - reserved
Nonforest land
Acres
Percent
1,985,950
744,630
651,900
88,110
4,620
1,241,320
100
38
OWNERSHIP
All ownerships
National forest
Other public
Private 2/
33.
31'?
5
T
)
1
iJ
651,900
522,9(0
'3
20,0(40
/ 0
129,530
62
100
80
1/
20
Less than 0 5 percent
Statistics not available for forest industry and farmer separately for
Baker County
SOURCE
U S Forest Service, Forest Statistics for Baker and Nalheur Counties,
Forest Survey Report 132, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment
Station, 1958.
1/
2/
Table 13.
Volume of All Growing Stock and Sawtirnbr by Ownership,
Baker County, 1956
Item
Total Commercial
Growin: Stock
million
cubic ft.
Total Commercial
Sawtimber
million
percent
1/
board ft.
OWNERSHIP
National forest
Other public
Private 2/
1,243
84 1
5,651
37
198
2 5
13 4
132
672
All ownerships
1,478
100.0
6,455
percent
87 6
2 0
10 4
100.0
Scribner log rule.
Statistics not available for forest industry and farmer separately for
Baker County
SOURCE
U S Forest Service, Forest Statistics for Baker and Malheur Counties,
Forest Survey Report 132, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment
Station, 1958.
1/
2/
Table 14.
Volume of All Growing Stock and Sawtimber on. Commercial Forest
Land by Species, Baker County, 1956
Item
Total Commercial
Growin Stock
million
All species
Softwoods
Ponderosa pine
Western white and
whitebark pine
Lodgepole pine
Douglas fir
Western larch
White fir
Subalpine fir
Englemann sprice
Mountain hemlcck
Juniper
Hardwoods
Black cottonwood
Other hardwoods
million
cubic ft.
percent
1,478
1,474
589
100.0
99 7
39,9
1
79
300
145
252
49
58
3/
i
4
4
3/
Total Commercial
Sawtimber
2/
5.3
20.3
9.8
17.1
3.3
3.9
2/
2/
.3
3
2/
board ft.
6,455
,439
2,965
percent
100.0
99 8
45 9
3
111
1,220
671
1,071
106
290
2/
1.7
18.9
10.4
16.6
1.6
4.5
1
1
16
15
1
2/
2/
.2
2
2/
Scribner log rule
Less than 0.1 percent.
3/ Less than 0.5 million.
SOURCE
U S Forest Service, Forest Statistics for Baker and Maiheur Counties,
Forest Sirvey Report 132, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment
Station, 1958.
1/
2/
Water
There are two major stream systems in Baker County, Powder River and
Burnt River, and two minor stream systems, Pine Creek anJ Eagle Creek.
Powder River has a very s-shaped course that heads in the mountains
above Sumpter and flows southeastward through the Sumpter Valley then northward and northwest-ward through the Baker Valley and the North Powder Valley
and finally flows southeastward for nearly forty miles to the Snake River.
The Burnt Rirer heads in the Unity and Whitney area and flows mostly
eastward to Durkee and then southeastward to the Snake River
Pine Creek in the northeast section of the basin flows southeastward
and then northeastward to enter the Snake River near Copperfield
Eagle
Creek in the southeast section flows east about seven miles to enter the
Snake River south of Huntington.
Baker County's seasonal distribution of runoff is typical of the semiarid regions whici- are influenced by snowmelt
The peak months of discharge
for the Powder and Burnt Rivers are in April, May, and June
These three
months account for 55 to 80 percent of the basin's annual runoff
The summer
months show very Jow flows because of little rainfall and heavy use
During the summer months, the county is subject to short periods of
heavy discharge due to cloudbursts
However, the volume of runoff is quite
small.
Table 15
Annual Yield of Representative Streams, Baker County
Stream and
Gaging Point
South Fork Burnt River
above Barney Creek,
near Unity
Burnt River near Hereford
Burnt River near Bridgeport
Burnt River at Huntington...
Powder River near Sumpter...
Powder River near Baker.....
Powder River near Richiand..
Eagle Creek above Skull Cr.
near New
Pine Creek near Oxbow.......
Bridge.............
Drainage
Area
sq. miles
38 5
309
650
1,093
170
219
2l2
156
230
Years
of
Record
Mean Annual Yield 1/
acre-feet/
2/
acre-feet-sq. mile
4
40.
19,620
57,990
12
13
8,850
3
51
11
11
2
80,360
NA*
79,640
153,500
226,600
NA
510
188
106
74
364
724
1,453
*NA - not available.
1/ Annual yield of surface water is the net yield, or quantity of water,
leaving a drainage area during the hydrologic, or water year, which extends
from October 1 of one year to September 30 of the following year
Net
yield is the precipitation on the area minus evaporation, transpiration,
and net underground percolation
Average or mean annual yield actually
reflects a ccmposite of constantly changing conditions due to withdrawals
from stream flow and changes in watershed characteristics
2/
Acre-feet equals the quantity of water (43,650 cu ft ) that covers one
acre to a depth of one foot
SOURCE
U S Department of the Interior Geological Survey, Water Resources
Division, Water Resources Data for Oregon, Part 1, Surface Water
Records, 1968.
Table 16.
Extremes of Discharge at Selected Stations, Baker County
Stream and
Gaging Point
Maximum Discharge
Year I Flow (cfs)/
South Fork Burnt River above
Barney Creek near Unity....
Burnt River near Hereford....
1965
1943
186
2,220
Burnt River near Bridgeport..
Burnt River at Hur.tington....
1965
1964
1,530
2,220
Powder River near Sumpter....
Powder River near Baker ......
1910
1910
1,600
1,820
Powder River near Richland...
Eagle Creek above Skull Cr.
near New Bridge
Pine Creek near Oxbow
1965
3,470
1958
1968
2,690
4,060
Minimum Discharge
Year I Flow (cfs)
1967
13
No flow at times
some years
1966
8.8
No flow at times
some years
NA*
NA
1909,
No flow
1931
1966
0.8
1964
1967
44
30
*NA - not available.
1/
cfs - cubic feet per second
SOURCE
U S Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources
Division, Water Resources Data for Oregon, Part 1, Surface Water
Records, 1968.
In general, i3aker County is quite limited in groundcater resources.
The city of Baker has a high-fluctuating groundwater table
It can fluctuate
from a few inches to 20 feet, depending on river and irrigation ditch flows.
The Baker Valley has many wells which tap the unconsolidated deposits of the
valley plain
Studies by several agencies indicate that the groundwater in
Baker Valley could be developed to a greater extent that. at present
In 1970 about 21 percent of the county's population utilized individual
or small group water systems
This water is obtained for human and livestock consumption from springs, wells, streams, and irrigation ditches by
people living in unincorporated communities and rural areas
Pine Valley domestic supplies are derived from wells 10 to 45 feet
deep
No quantity or quality problems were reported
The Newbridge comm.in1ty
domestic supplies are derived from 15 wells, 5 springs, and several canals
Depths of wells range from 18 to 140 feet
Some water problems have developed so a community system is being developed. Wingville and the northern
suburbs of Haines obtain adequate quantities of domestic water from wells.
Unity and Unity Mills areas reported use of 26 wells ranging in depth to 520
feet
Water hardness was reported for deep wells
Both communities need
new sources and bystems due to water shortages
The Hereford area obtains
adequate water si.pplies mainly from wells
Durkee has about 15 shallow wl1s
of depths between 18 and 45 feet.
- 18 -
Water rights classed as municipal include many held by water districts
as well as by muncipalities
Rights for municipal and industrial use are
sometimes used interchangeably, and industries often are served by municipal
systems.
Halfway treats its water supply with chlorination. Richiand's water
also is treated with chlorine
Haines receives its water supply from two
wells that have occasional contamination entering the distribution system
Baker's water quality is good, however, chlorine ard ammonia treatment
facilities are available
The greatest problem is low winter flows during
long cold spells.
Table 17.
Cit
Halfway
Richland
Haines
Baker
Baker County Municipal Water Supplies
Population
Served
467
300
270
9,964
Sumpter
130
Huntington
623
Water Source
Springs and a well
Well and groundwater
Two wells and Rack Cr.
Elk, Goodrich,and
Treatment
C
C
None
C
Salmon Creeks
McCully Fork and Cracker
Creek
Burnt River Irrigation
District and one well
C - chlorination.
SOURCE
Oregon 3tate Department of Human Resources, Health Division,
Community Drinking Water Systems Office, unpublished data, 1973.
1/
Irrigation started in the 1860's in Baker County.
It was used to grow
crops to feed gold miners in the area
In 1931, the T1'ief Valley Reservoir
was constructed, and in 1938 the Unity Reservoir was also completed
In
1968 the land work on Mason Dam was completed, and Phillips Lake also has
come into use
The U S Census of Agriculture reported that in 1969, 109,466
acres of farm land were under irrigation.
Until very recently, practically all land was irrigated by flOod application through gravity systems
Most irrigation is still by this method,
but sprinkler systems are becoming increasingly common, particularly in areas
of new cropland development
Most of the county's irrigation developments have been accomplished by
small cooperative ditch companies or by individual farrers
Irrigation districts presently operating in the basin are the Burnt River, the Lower Powder
River, and Baker Valley.
The largest water users are the agricultural, forestry, and lime processing industries
Municipal water systems supply a large part of the
industrial needs
Larger forestry, lime processing, and mining industrial
users with developed water sources are at Halfway, nea Baker, at Unity, on
upper South Fork Burnt River, and at Lime.
- 19 -
Table l8.
Location
Baker
Huntington
Halfway
Baker County Sewage Treatment Plants, 1967
Year
Built
1934-65
1966
NA*
Union Creek
Campground
North Powder
NA
NA
1/
Type
L
LA
L
Design
Population
Design
Flow21
15,000
Population
Served
Receiving
Stream
1,160
3.500
0 116
0.095
6,800
625
330
Powder River
Burnt River
North Powder R.
260
510
0.026
0.050
50
400
700
L
L
MGD'
NA
Mason Dam
L - lagoon
LA - aerated lagoon.
MCD - million gallons per day.
*NA - not available.
SOURCE
Oregon Srate Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality
Control -n Oregon, Vol I for Calendar Years 1966-67, Oregon
Sanitary Authority, 1967.
1/
2/
Water-based Recreation
Overall use of water-based recreational facilities has been steadily
increasing in the county
Principal water-based activities include fishing,
boating, skiing, camping, swimming, and sightseeing
Associated recreational
activities includes hunting Lurbearing animals, upland ,ame birds, big game,
and waterfowl.
The numerous springs and streams furnish fairly well distributed water
supplies for wildlife in high mountain areas, but lack of full-season water
limits use in the central and southeastern semi-desert portions of the basin
There is a small nonconsumptive right for fishlife in the county. Before
the construction of the dams on the Snake and Columbia Rivers, Baker County
had a sizeable run of anadromous fishlife
Now it has ecreased significantly
Baker County has hundreds of lakes and reservoirs.
In the table on the
next page, lakes and reservoirs over twenty acres are listed.
- 20 -
Table 19.
Area of Lakes and Reservoirs, Baker County
Name
Brownice Reservoir
Clear Lake Reservoir
Crow Reservoir
Duck Lake...............
Fish Lake
Hells Canyon Reservoir
Mehihorn Reservoir
Oxbow Reservoir.........
Pine Lakes
Sugarloaf Reservoir ......
Anthony Lake.............
Balm Creek Reservoir
Benneth Reservoir
Eagle Lake
Echo Lake..................
Goodrich Lake
Hidden Lake .......
SOURCE:
Acres
Name
15,000
Little Park Reservoir..
Little Summit Lake.....
Looking Glass Lake
92
38
22
50
2,520
23
1,150
20
20
20
112
20
37
28
23
20
Acres
42
20
31
105
Love Reservoir..........
Phillips Reservoir .....
Pine Creek Reservoir...
Rock Creek Lake
Shaw Reservoir
Thief Val14y Reservoir
Van Patten Lake
Camp Creek Reservoir
Elms Reservoir
Morfitt Reservoir
Unity Reservoir
Whited Reservoir
2,700
Killamacue Lake.........
Oregon StateWater Resources Board and U.S.D.A
30
25
55
744
24
85
25
34
923
40
25
cooperating, North
Powder Basin.
Minerals
Limestone quarrying for industrial use is the principal mining activity
in Baker County
The two largest quarries are located on Baboon Creek, one
west of Baker ard the second near the community of Nelson
Volcanic tuff located near Baker and Pleasant Valley is used as a building stone in the county
There are sand and gravel deposits located on the
outskirts of Baker
Some deposits contain chemically reactive volcanic
material and do not meet the standards for certain pub ic works construction
Deposits of gold, silver, tungsten, antimony, manganes , and copper are also
found in the county
Several nonmetallic minerals appear in the county which have a potential
economic value.
Diatomite occurs near Keating while talc and perlite occur
near Dooley Mountain.
Certain rocks found in the basin have good pozyolcanic
properties and could be used in drying and retarding concrete.
Gas and oil exploration wells have been drilled
nificant reserves have not been located
Wildlife
Mule deer are the most numerous big game animal in Baker County.
are also several hundred Rocky Mountain elk in the county.
Table 20
Game
1/
Management Unit
There
Big Game Animal Population Trends, Baker County
Miles
Traveled
Animals
Observed
1971
1971
Animals Per Mile
1970
5
r. avera:e
Mule Deer
Baker
Keating
Lookout Mountain
Rocky Mountain Elk
Baker
Keating
79
71
32
1,047
1,818
844
18.3
25.6
26.2
17.6
24.0
36.4
15.0
23.8
33.8
115
285
78
2.5
1.0
1.5
1.7
1.3
1.1
75
1/
Game management units are not fully contained within Baker County nor
do those units given completely cover the county.
2/
5 year averagc - 1966-70
SOURCE
Oregon State Game Commission, 1971 Annual ReporL, Oregon State Game
Commission.
Small game animals in Baker County include
pheasants, chukar partridge, quail, and blue, ruf fed, and forest grouse
There are several
different species of furbearing animals as well
Fall and spring chinook and steelhead migrate into the county's streams
from the Snake River
Trout are plentiful in the headwaters of streams aiI lakes,
but rough fish predominate at lower elevations where waters are more turb4
and warm.
For additional information on wildlife in Baker County, see Outdoor
Recreation under the Economy division of this publication.
HUMAN RESOURCES
Miners seeking gold were the first to settle in the area of Baker
County
Separate county government was established in 1U62 when Baker
County was formed from part of Wasco County
Today the economy is centered around livestock raising and lumber production.
Population
Baker Countys population was 15,200 in 1972, or about 4.9 persons per
square mile
About 37 percent of the population lives in rural areas and
63 percent in urban areas
Baker, the county seat, is the largest town in
the county with a population of 9, 530.
Table 21
Number of Persons by Racial Group for Baker County, 1970
Racial Group
Number of Persons
Total
14,919
Caucasian..................
Spanish Language
4 ,761
..........
49
25
31
53
Black............
American Indian
Other
......................
SOURCE
Valde, Gary R , and Robert 0 Coppedge, Income and Poverty Data for
Racial Groups
A Compilation for Oregon Census County Divisions,
Special Report 367, Oregon State University Extension Service,
Corvallis, Oregon, l972.
Table 22
Baker and Bordering Counties, Population and Rank Order in
Oregon, 1960 and 1972
1960
County
....................
..................
.....................
BAKER
Grant
Maiheur
Union
Wallowa
SOURCES
...................
1972
Rank
Population
24
28
19
23
31
17,295
7,726
22,764
18,180
7,102
ank
I
24
29
20
21
32
Population
15,200
6,910
23,380
20,660
6,210
U S
Bureau of the Census, Census of Population
1960 General
Population Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) - B39, Oregon,
U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C
1961
Center for Population Research and Census, Population Estimates
of Counties and Incorporated Cities of Oregon, Portland State
University, July 1972.
,
Table 23.
Land Area and Population Density, Baker and Bordering Counties,
1950, 1960, and 1970
County
Land Area
- square miles -
BAKER
Grant
Malheur
Union
Wallowa
SOURCE:
3,062
4,532
9,870
2,032
3,178
Population Density
1960
1970
f
I
1950
- persons per square mile 5.2
1.8
2.4
8.8
2.3
5.6
1.7
2.3
8.9
2.2
5.2
1.6
2.6
8.8
1.9
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1950, 196O, and
1970 General Population Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) - B39,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1951, 1961, 1971.
Since 1900 Baker County's population has fluctuated between 15,500 and
18,500
From 1960 to 1970 the population declined, but more recently it
has been rising.
Table 24.
Year
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1965
1970
1972
SOURCES:
Population Growth, Baker County
Po'ulation
15,597
18,076
17,924
16,754
18,297
16,175
17,295
15,600
14,919
15,200
% Increase or Decrease
Period
Percent
l9O0l9lO
1910-1920
1920 1930
1930-1940
1940-1950
1950-1960
1960-1965
1965-1970
1970-1972
16.0
(8
(7
9
(11
6
0)
0)
2
6)
9
9 8
(4.4)
1.9
Center for Population Research and Census, Population Estimates
of Counties and Incorporated Cities of Oregon, Portland State
University, 1972
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Population
General Population
Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - B39, Oregon, U S Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., various editions.
Table 25
Conipdnents of Change in Baker County's Population, 1940-1970
Year
1940-1950...
1950-1960
1960-1970
SOURCE
Natural
Increase
Net Change
-2,122
1,120
-2,376
1,354
1,952
925
-3,476
832
-3,301
U S
Bureau of the Census, Census of Population, General Demographic
Trends for Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to 1970, Final Report PHC(2) 39, U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C , 1971
Oregon State Board of Census, Components of Population Growth, Population Bulletin P-3, 1961
U S Buraau of the Census, Components of Population Change by County
1960 to 1970, Current Population Reports, Population Estimates and
Projections, Series P25, No. 461, 1971.
Table 26
Urban and Rural Population, Baker Courty, 1950-1970
Urban
Population I Percent Change
Year
Rural
Population Percent Change
1950
1960....
1970
SOURCE:
Net
Migration
6,704
7,309
5,565
9.0
-23.9
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: i960 and 1970
General Population Characteristics, Final Repoit PC(l) - B39,
Oregon, U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C
1961,
,
1971.
Table 27
Population Estimates of Incorporated Cities, Baker County,
1960, 1965, 1971, and 1972
City and County
Baker County
Baker
Greenhorn
Haines
Halfway
Huntington
Richiand
1960
1965
1971
1972
17,295
9,986
15,600
9,200
NA
300
14,630
9,440
NA
370
300
530
130
130
10,900
3,730
15,200
9,530
331
505
689
228
96
Incorporated area......
Unincorporated area.
11,835
5,460
467
634
160
96
10,857
4,743
3
350
330
535
162
145
11,055
4,145
*NA - not available.
SOURCE
Center for Population Research and Census, Population Estimates of
Counties and Incorporated Cities of Oregon, Portland State University, various years.
Table 28.
Population by Age and Sex, Baker County, 1960 and 1970
Age Group
1960
Total population.
Under
5....
5-9....
10-14...
15-19...
20-24...
25-34...
5-44...
45-54...
55-64...
65 and over.
8,787
984
996
845
567
365
960
1,100
1,098
816
1,056
31.9
Median age
SOURCE:
I
Total
1960
1970
I
Percent
1960
1970
1970
1960
7,347
8,508
587
737
796
674
301
752
802
833
862
1,003
996
926
800
585
413
1,019
1,101
1,014
721
1,011
840
816
871
889
1,110
2,201
2,112
1,537
2,067
14,919
1,140
1,433
1,565
1,311
692
1,592
1,618
1,704
1,751
2,113
32.9
31.1
33.8
31.5
33.3
I
1970
7,572
553
696
769
637
391
17,295
1,902
1,922
1,645
1,152
77
1,97
100.0
11.1
11.1
9.3
6.7
4 5
11.5
12.7
12 2
8 9
12 0
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970 General
Population Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) - L39, Oregon, U S
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1961, 1971.
Table 29.
Population of Selected Cities by Age and Sex, Baker County,
1960 and 1970
Baker
Under
5
5-14
15-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65 and over
1,108
1,987
1,108
1,108
1,258
1,138
879
1,388
Total population
Male
9,986
4,960
5,026
Femalt
SOURCE:
100.0
746
1,869
1,506
1,039
981
1,002
1,036
780
9,354
4,506
4,848
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970
General Population Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - B39,
Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1961,
1971.
- 26 -
7.6
9.6
10.5
8.8
4 6
10.7
10.8
11 4
11 7
14 2
Employment
The Oregon State Department of Employment reported in 1971 the annual
average civilian labor force in Baker County was 6,240 or 43 percent of the
total population
At that time the unemployment rate was b 4 percent of
the total labor force or about 400 persons unemployed
The 1970 Census of Population shows that 5,144 people were employed in
the county out of a total labor force of 5,701
About 21 2 percent of those
employed worked i" agriculture or forestry
Another 20 7 percent worked in
retail trade
Over 11 percent were employed in manufacturing with lumber
and wood products alone employing 6 6 percent
Other significant industries
were education, 8 8 percent, public administration, 6 9 percent, and business
services, 5.6 percent.
Table 30
Employment Status, Baker County and Baker, 1960 and 1970
Baker County
1960
I
19701/
Subj ect
Total males, 14 years and over....
Total labor force
Armed forces
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labor force
Inmate of institution
Enrolled in school
Other
6,108
4,926
13
4,913
4,634
279
1,182
.............
12
356
814
Total females, 14 years and over...
Total labor
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labor force
Inmate of institution
Enrolled in school
6,001
1,883
1,747
136
4,118
force...................
.
Other...........................
Married (husbands present) in
labor force......................
9
Baker
1960
5,063
3,828
3,433
2,630
11
3,817
3,383
434
1,235
21
259
955
13
2,617
2,428
189
803
NA*
5,371.
3,615
1,275
1,172
103
2,340
NA
NA
NA
1,873
1,761
112
3,498
34
231
427
3,682
3,233
1,176
1,128
NA
NA
I
19701/
3,078
2,311
6
2,305
2,024
281
767
NA
NA
NA
3,489
1,331
1,266
65
2,158
NA
NA
NA
NA
16 years and over.
*NA
not available.
SOURCE
U S Bureau of the Census- Census of Population
1960 and 1970
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - 39,
Oregon, U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C , 1962,
1/
1972.
Table 31.
Industry Group of Employed, Baker County, 1960 and 1970
Number Employed
1960
1970
Indus tr
Agriculture
Forestry and fisheries
1,29
144
Mining...........
Construction
Manufacturing
Lumber and wood products
Food and kindred products
Other
Transportation
Communications
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Business services
Personal services
Hospitals and health services
Educational servIces
Professional and related services
Public administration
Utilities and sanitary services
1,089
40
280
572
337
84].
791
404
91
296
231
98
182
993
25
210
130
72
88
1,065
25
290
213
214
452
90
247
148
273
171
452
98
353
139
Some persons may be categorized in different indus try groups in
different years.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Populati on, 1960 and 1970
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) C39, Oregon, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
1962 and 1972.
1/
Table 32.
Percent of Age Group in Labor Force, Baker County, 1970
Age Group
Years
14-15
16-17
18-19
..........................
.......................
.......................
20-21........................
22-24
25-34
35-44
45-64
.......................
65 and ove1:
SOURCE:
Male
Female
12.3
37.1
70.3
83.3
92.4
97.0
95.7
90.2
28.2
3.0
25.6
47.2
40.5
39.4
34.. 3
46.7
43.6
10.6
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population:
1970 General
Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - C39,
Oregon, J S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C , 1972
Table 33.
Baker County Occupations, 19'1O
Occupation
Male
Total employed, 16 years and over..
Professional, technical, and
kindred workers
Engineers
Physicians and related
pract it loners
Other health
workers...........
Teachers........................
Technicians, except health.....
Other professonal workers
Managers and administrators
workers.........................
Sales
Clerical and kindred workers
Craftsmen and kndred workers
Operatives except transport
Transport
Laborers except farm
Farmers and farm managers
Farm laborers
Service workers
service................
service....................
servica..................
Cleaning
Food
Health
Personal service
Protective service
Private household
SOURCE
3,835
Number Employed
Female
j
Total
1,761
5,144
293
640
NA
14
NA
NA
NA
NA
44
68
57
173
467
147
123
571
340
152
210
173
241
61
252
581
272
643
585
462
331
228
61
49
412
92
43
34
262
64
32
11
69
347
NA*
0
24
58
5
4
79
114
125
520
14
61
26
17
27
401
178
227
523
380
640
126
305
64
56
69
74
not available
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Population
1970 General
Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) - C39,
Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washirgton, D.C., 1972.
- 29
Table 34.
Number cf Hired Seasonal Workers in Agriculture by Type of Worker,
Balirer County, 1965 and 1971, Midmonth Figures
Month
May
June
July
August
September
October
SOURCES:
Intrastate
Migratory
1965
1971
I
Local
1965
1971
I
NO STATISTICS ARE REPORTED
BY THE STATE EMPLOYMENT DIVISION
FOR BAKER COUNTY AREA
Oregon State Department of Employment, 1965 Oregon Farm Labor
Report, 1966.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division,
1971 Annual Rural Manpower Report, 1972.
Table 35.
Annual Average Labor Force in Baker County, 1968-1971
Industry
Number of Persons
1969
1970
I
1968
Civilian labor force
Workers in labor management disputes
Unemployment
Percent of labOrforce
Employment
Agricultural
Nonagricultural
Self-employed, unpaid family and
domestics
Wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Lumber and wood
Food products
Other
Norunanufacturing
Contract construction
Transportation, communication,
utilities
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance and real estate
Service and miscellaneous
Government
SOURCE:
Interstate
Migratory
1965
1971
I
1971
6,090
5,720
5,910
6,240
0
0
0
290
310
420
10
400
48
54
71
64
5,800
1,070
4,730
5,lO
1,C60
4,350
5,490
1,040
4,450
5,830
1,020
4,810
650
4,080
590
3,760
730
550
600
3,850
680
490
4,170
710
520
730
540
30
160
3,350
110
380
1,000
150
760
950
20
160
640
20
20
170
3,030
140
170
3,170
210
3,460
360
330
980
150
510
920
320
980
150
510
1,000
330
1,000
150
520
1,100
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division,
Labor Force and Employment in Oregon by County 1968 through 1971
publications, Research and Statistics Section, 1969, 1972.
-. 30 -
Table 36.
Median Earnings of Selected Occupation Groups, Baker County,
1959 and 1969
Occupation Group
1959
1969
Male, total with earnings .....................
$4,467
$6,544
Professional, managerial, and kindred
workers ....................................
Farmers and farm managers...................
Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers
Operatives and kindred workers
Farm laborers
Laborers, except farm and mine
6,141
3,281
5,135
4,567
2,)11
3,364
Female, total with earnings
Clerical and kiadred workers
Operatives and kindred workers
SOURCE:
$1,469
2,402
$2,502
3,823
1,271
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970
General 3ocial and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(1) Oregon, U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C , 1961,
1971.
Table 37.
Covered Payrolls and Employment by Industry,
Baker County, 1970 and 1971
Industry
Average Enp1oyinent
1970
1971
J
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries....
Mining....................................
Contract construction...................
Lumber and wood products manufacturing
Food and kindred products manufacturing
Other manufacturing
Transportation, communication, electric,
gas, and sanitary services
Wholesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance and real estate.....
Services and mIscellaneous
Government.................................
Yearly total..
34
34
214
494
.1/
169
221
972
127
325
416
31
36
391
535
Annual Payroll
1971
$
80,301
329,759
4,563,458
4,836,986
1/
178
1,593,420
1,885,166
4,261,608
858,192
1,004,396
4,449,074
3,029
Unpublished data for Baker County.
SOURCE
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division,
Oregon Covered Employment and Payrolls, 1970 and 1971, Summary Data,
Research and Statistics Section, 1971, 1972.
1/
Table 38.
Number and Percent of Persons Unemployed in Baker and Bordering
Counties, 1968 and 1971
County
Number of
People
1971
1968
BAKER
Grant
Maiheur 1/
Union
Wallowa
1/
290
150
920
340
160
Includes Payette and Washington
Oregon Stite Department of
Labor Force and Employment
publications, Research and
SOURCE:
Table 39.
Percent of
Labor Force
1968
1971
I
400
170
1,160
570
230
4.8
4.8
5.1
4.6
6.4
6.4
5.6
6.2
6.5
9.5
Counties in Idaho.
Human Resources Employment Division,
in Oregon by County 1968 and 1971
Statistics Section, 1969, 1972.
Major Occupation Group of Unemployed, Baker County, 1960 and 1970
Number of Persons
1960
1970
Occu.ation Grou
Professional, technical, and kindred workers
Farmers and farm managers
Managers, officials and proprietors,
excluding farm
Clerical and kindred workers
Sales workers
Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers
Operatives and kindred workers
Service workers, including private
household
Farm laborers
Laborers, excluding farm and mine
11
4
45 1/
NA*
8
NA
21
21
45
57
18
27
80
177
83
50
94
51
44
78
*NA - not available.
Includes managerial workers.
1/
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1960 and 1970
General Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l)
C39, Oregon, U. S Government Printing Office, 1.ashington, D C
1962, 1972.
- 32 -
Table
40.
Local Government Employees and Payroll, Baker County,
October 1967
Item
Employees and Earnings
Employees
Full-time only
633
455
Full-time equivalent employment
Education
Teachers only
Functions other than education
Highways
Public welfare
Hospitals
Health...
Police
Fire protection
Sewerage
Sanitation other than sewerage
Parks and recreation
Natural resources
Housing and urban renewal
Correction
Libraries
Financial administration
482
protection...................
315
217
167
53
4
19
14
3
2
6
5
10
14
Generalcontrol
Water
13
Other local utilities
Other and unallocable
11
supply..........
October payroll.
Education
Teachers only
Functions other than education
13
$243,000
165,000
129,000
79,000
Average monthly earnings, full-time
employment
Teachers................................
Others..................................
SOURCE:
$596
442
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol. 3,
No
2, Compendium of Public Faijploymert, U S Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1969.
Income
Table 41.
Net Effective Buying Income Estimates, Baker County,
1967 and 1970 1/
Net Dollars
Area
1967
I
1970
- - thousand dollars Oregon
Baker County
1/
$5,224,888
33,135
$6,650,690
37,982
Per Household
I
1970
1967
- - dollars - $8,113
6,497
$9,440
7,358
Net effective buying income is personal income--wages, salary, interest,
dividends, profits, and property income minus federal, state, and local
taxes.
SOURCE
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Oregor Economic Statistics
1969 and 1972, University of Oregon, 1969, 1972.
Table 42.
Year
Bank Debits and Deposits, Baker County, 1965-1970
Bank Debits 1/
Bank Deposits
- thousand dollars - 1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
$161,632
169,770
177,711
195,830
211 ,877
216,211
1/
$21 ,522
23,782
26,249
29,145
29,020
28,672
Bank debits represent the dollar value of checks drawn against deposit
accounts of individuals and businesses
Included are debits to demand
deposit accounts of individuals, business firms, and state and other
political subdivisions, and payments from escrow or trust accounts.
Excluded are debits to U S government, interbank, time and savings
accounts, and several other categories of accounts
SOURCE:
Bureau o Business and Economic Research, Oregon Economic Statistics
1969 and 1972, University of Oregon, 1969, 1972.
- 34 -
Table 43
Incone and Poverty Data for Racial Groups, Baker County, 1970
Item
Number
Mean Income
Families:
All races......................
Caucasian
Percent
$8,359
8,369
9,450
Spanish Langua e.................
Black............................
Other
Unrelated individuals :
All races.................
Caucasian
Spanish Language
Black
Other
6,202
3,459
3,473
1,750
2,125
Families by Family Income Class
All races
under $3,999
$4 ,000-$5 ,999
$6,000-$ll,999
$12 , 000+
total...........................
Caucasian:
under $3,999
$4,000-$5,99c
$6, 000-$ll ,999
$l2,000+
total
Spanish Language:
924
534
1,786
744
3,988
23.17
13 39
44 78
18.66
100.00
924
527
1,761
744
3,956
23.36
13 32
44 51
18 81
100.00
under$3,999
$4,000-$5,999
$6,000-$ll,999
$l2,000+
total
Black
under $3,999
100.00
100.00
$4 ,000-$5 ,999
$6,000-$ll,999
$12 ,000+
total
Other:
under $3,999
$4 , 000-$5 ,999
3043
$6, 000-$ll,999
16
69.57
23
100.00
$12,000+
total............................
35 -
Table 43, cont.
Income and Poverty Data for Racial Groups,
Baker County, 1970
Item
I
Income below poverty level (bpl)
Families bpl
All races
Caucasian
Spanish Language
Black
Other
Persons in families bpl
Unrelated individuals bpl
Under 65
65 and over
Male family head, 14-64 yrs., bpl
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labor force
Female family heads bpl in labor
force with children below 6
years
Income source of families and
unrelated individuals bpl
Earnings
Social security or railroad
retirement
Public assistance or welfare...
.
.
Number
Percent
561
558
100.00
99 47
3
0.53
1,894
213
211
9
66
20
509
574
124
1/
2/
Blank spaces indicate a zero, suppressed data, or, not applicable.
Poverty levels as federally defined
For further definition of these
poverty levels, consult the U S Census of Population, 1970 General
Social and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - C39, Oregon,
U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C
1'72
SOURCE
Valde, Gary R and Robert 0 Coppedge, Income and Poverty Data for
Racial Groups
A Compilation for Oregon Census County Divisions,
Special Report 367, Oregon State University Extension Service,
Corvallis, Oregon, 1972.
,
Education
Table 44
Formal Education Facilities, Baker County, 1969-70 and 1971
School District, Type School,
and Number of Each Typ a
Baker School District No. 30J
Elementary - 3
High school - 1....
Baker School District No. 5J
Elementary - 8
Junior high - 1
High school - 1
Huntington School District No
Elementary High school -
High School
Graduates
1971
79
82
91
84
1,358
1,478
667
603
779
645
200
124
54
111
56
-11
304
144
304
159
46
1,866
1,984
779
944
3,707
270
270
13
16
1....................
1..................
Pine Eagle School District No. 61
Elementary High school -
3....................
1.......................
County totals
Elementary Junior high - 1
High school - 4
County grand
1/
Enrollment1969-70 I 1971
15...................
total.................
667
882
3,414
Average daily membership
Enrollments may vary from year to year partially because student loads were shifted from one iistrict to another
SOURCE
Oregon Board of Higher Education, 1971-72 Oregin School-Community
College Directory, 1971 Oregon Public High School Graduates, and
Summary of Pupil Personnel for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1969,
School inance and Statistical Services
1/
Table 45.
Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Public School Enrollment
by School District, Baker County, 1972
District
White
Black
American
Indian
Spanish
Surname
1/
Other-
Total
number of students
Baker #30J.
Baker #5J
Huntington
Pine Eagle
181
2,601
165
526
Total
3,473
181
2,645
165
532
16
1
22
20
3,523
1/
Includes Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, and others.
SOURCE
Compiled from Oregon Board of Education reports by Oregon State
University Extension.
Table 46.
Years of School Completed by Population 25 Years and Over,
Baker County, 1970
Education
Number
Males
Number
Females
Total, 25 years and over
No school years completed
Elementary:
1-4 years
5-7 years
8 years
High School: l- years
4 years
College:
1-3 years
4 yrs. or more.
4,250
4,527
39
64
309
818
857
1,332
461
370
22
65
186
656
1,058
1,603
575
362
Median school years completed.
12.0
12.2
Total
Percent
8,777
61
129
495
1,474
1,915
2,935
1,036
732
100.0
0.7
1.5
5 6
16.8
21.8
33 4
11 8
8 3
NA*
*NA - not available.
SOURCE
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Population
1970 General
Social aid Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - C39,
Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
- 38 -
Table 47.
Baker County Residents Enrolled in HigFer Education
Institutions, Fall 1971
Institution
Number Enrolled
Total enrolled
Eastern Oregon College
Oregon College of Education
Oregon State University
Portland State University
Southern Oregon College
University of Oregon
Oregon Technical Institute
University of O:egon Dental School
University of Oregon Medical School
Total in private and independent
institutions
Total in public community institutions
464
SOURCE:
L3 7
9
69
18
8
51
8
0
8
16
140
Oregon Educational Coordinating Council, Post Secondary Enrollment
in Oregon, An Analysis of the Statewide Student Enrollment Data
Survey, 1972.
Table 48.
Youth Organizations, Baker County
Organization
Boy Scouts
4-H
Future Farmers
Girl Scouts
Camp Fire. Girls
YMCA
YWCA
..........
Membership
NA*
637
56
218
1/
1/
1/
*NA * not available.
1/ No chapter in county.
SOURCES
4-H, 1972 figures from Oregon State Extension Office, 4-H Division,
unpublished data, FFA, 1972 figures from State Department of
Education, unpublished data, Girl Scouts, 1972 figures from Boise,
Idaho office, telephone interview, 1972
Although Baker County operates no correctional insdtutions of its own,
it is served by four state correctional institutions in Marion County
These
include training schools for socially maladjusted boys between 12 and 18 years
of age and girls between the ages of 12 and 21.
Table 49.
Felonies and Juvenile Delinquency, Baker County, 1968
Subject
Number
Commitments to felony and correctional
institutions, 1967-68
Total commitments
Oregon State Fenitentiary
Oregon State Correctional Institution
MacLaren (boys' training school)
Hillcrest (girls' training school)
858
468
378
7 1/
5 1/
Juvenile court cases, 1968
All cases
Delinquency
Traffic
Other
307
214
70
23
1/
1968 figures from Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Children
Services Diviblon, Adolescent Population and Commitment Data by County,
by Calendar Year 1967-1970
SOURCE
Oregon State Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970.
Health and Vital Statistics
The follow1n tables indicate the number of health facilities and
health personnel available to Baker County residents.
Generally speaking,
there are fewer health personnel per capita in Baker County than for the
state as a whole.
Table 50.
Diagnostic or Treatment Center Facilities, Baker County, 1970
Outpatient Visits
During Year
Name and Location
St. Elizabeth Hospital,
Baker
4,452
Services-
A, H, I
Service code, 1964 data: A - General, H - X-Ray, I - Clinical Laboratory.
SOURCE: Oregon state Board of Health, Oregon Plan for Construction and
Moderni',ation of Hospitals, Public Health Centers and Medical
Facilities, 1971 Annual Revision, Health Facility Planning and
1/
Construction Section, 1971.
40 -
Table 51.
Existing Medical Facilities, Number of Existing Beds, and Number
of Beds Needed, Baker County, 1970 1/
Category and Community
Number of Facilities
Number of Beds
Existing I Needed
Existing INeeded
General hospitals
Baker
...................................
Long-term care facilities
Baker
50
56
102
151
Diagnostic and treatment centers
Baker
Mental facilities:
the state plan of the Mental Health Division is made
a part of this plan by reference
Tuberculosis hospitals
none
Rehabilitation facilities
no rehabilitation facilities are programmed
beyond the services in area hospitals
SOURCE
Oregon State Board of Health, Oregon Plan for Construction and
Modernization of Hospitals, Public Health Centers and Medical
Facilities, 1971 Annual Revision, Health Facility Planning and
Construction Section, 1971.
Table 52.
Percent Occupancy of Existing Medical Facilities, Baker County, 1969
Name of Facility
Location
1
Totcl
Capacity
Percent of
Occupancy
53
General Hospital2
St. Elizabeth Hospital ........
Baker
NA*
St. Elizabeth Hospital
Replacement
Baker
50 1/
Long-term Care Facilities
St
Elizabeth Hospital
Cedar Manor Nurcing Home....
Baker
Baker
45 3/
................
56
2/
80
86
*NA - not available.
1/
Excludeslong.-term care beds.
2/ Under construction
3/
Excludes acute care beds
SOURCE
Oregon State Board of Health, Oregon Plan for construction and
Modernization of Hospitals, Public Health Centars and Medical
Faciliti.es, 1971 Annual Revision, Health Facility Planning and
Construction Section, 1971.
Table 53.
Number of Licensed Medical Personnel and Ratio of Population Per
Professional, Baker County, 1969
Baker County
Number I Ratio'!
Profession
Medical doctors an doctors of osteopathy
Dentists
Registered nurses
Licensed practical nurses
Pharmacists
11
12
43
6
11
1,492
1,368
382
2,732
1,492
State
Rati o/
770
1,412
276
1,002
1,375
1/
Ratio figure equals population per professional in particular category.
SOURCE
Oregon State Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970.
Table 54. Number of Admissions to State Psychiatric Hospitals and Mental
Health Clinics and Ratio per 100,000 Population, Baker County, 1969
Baker County
Number
Ratio
Facilit y
Psychiatric hospitals
Mental health clinics
SOURCE:
43
96
262
585
State
Ratio
134
460
Oregon State Executive Department, Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970.
Baker County's birth rate rose from 13.5 to 15.7 per 1,000 population
from 1968 to 1971, but its death rate also rose from 11 8 to 13 5 during
the same period
The county's accidental death rate of 102 5 per 100,000
population is well above the state rate of 61.3
Table 55.
Births and Deaths by Major Category, Baker County and
State of Oregon, 1968 and 1971
Category
All births 1/
All deaths 1/
Illegitimate births 2/
Premature births 2/
Infant deaths 2/
Accidental deaths 3/
Baker County
Number
Rate
1968 I 1971
1968
1971
I
226
197
9
16
229
197
17
17
6
5
17
15
13.5
11.8
39.8
70.8
26.5
101.7
15.7
13.5
74.2
74.2
21.8
102.5
State
Rate
1971
15 .6
9.4
78.1
57.4
18.4
61.3
Rates per 1,000 population.
2/ Rates per 1,000 live births.
Rate per 100,000 population.
SOURCE:
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon State Health
Division, Vital Statistics Section, Vital Stat.stics Annual Report,
1971; ar.d 1968 Statistical Report, 1969.
1/
3/
- 42
Table 56.
Health Statistics, BakerCounty, 1970
Baker County
Number
Rate1!
Item
Morbidity
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
Gonorrhea
68.4.
Influenza..........................
Hepatitis (infectious) ...........
Measles (Rubella) .................
26.9 ai
Deaths from all causes.............
Malignant neoplasms (cancer)
Diabetus mellitus
Heart diseases
Cerebrovascular diseases
Arteriosclerosis
Other cardiovacular diseases
Influenza and pneumonia...........
Bronchitis, emphysema, asthma....
Peptic ulcer
Cirrhosis of liver
Congeiital anomalies
Certain infanc7 mortality causes.
13.5 3/
225.6
27.3
546.8
143.5
34.2
27.3
34.2
34.2
State
Rate/
11.6
5.3
422.0
1,171.7
39.4
18.1
9.4
168.4
13.3
349.6
110.9
21.2
17.3
26.4
26.9
4.3
158
82
14.7
All other diseases
Accidents
Suicide...........................
17
15
116.2
102.5
3
205
76.9
61.3
14.9
Homicides............................
1
6.8
3.8
Rate per 100,000 population.
1966-68 average, taken from Office of the Governor, Planning Division,
Health Facts, 1969
3/
Rate per 1,030 population
SOURCE:
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, State Health Division,
Vital Statistics Annual Report,. Vital Statistics Section, 1971.
1/
2/
For the 1969-70 fiscal year, Baker County al1ocatd a total of $50,839
to its county health department or $3 10 per capita
his compares with
$5 70 spent per capita on the average for all counties in the state 1/
Oregon State Executive Department, Program Planning Division, District
Facts, 1970
- .43 -
F
F
Public Welfare
Table
57.
Public Welfare Payments for Assistance, Baker County,
August 1972
Category
Number of Cases
Average Payments
J
Cases receiving non-medical payments
Old Age Assistance
Aid to the Blind
Aid to the Disabled
Aid to Dependent Children 1/
General Assistance
Foster Care
78
56
446
8
NA*
Physicians services 1/
OAA
AB
17
AD
20
ADC
GA
87
4
FC
20
Hospital payments 1/
OAA
AB
AD
ADC
GA
FC
Drug payments 1/
OAA
AB
AD
ADC
GA
FC
$
5
2
0
0
65.46
122.60
81.08
38.53
50.75
NA
$ 28.99
5.50
15.90
15.36
21.31
9.75
$
1
324.30
0
1
0
515.51
81
3
39
73
2
7
--
$
22.03
14.92
16.44
7.90
16.13
5.71
*NA - not available.
1/
Persons, not cases.
SOURCE
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, PuDlic Welfare Division,
Public Welfare in Oregon, August 1972.
Table 58
Average Monthly Public Welfare Payments by Type of Service,
Baker County, Fiscal Years 1968-69 and 1971-72
Average Payment Per Case
1968-69
1971-72'
I
e of Service
Old Age Assistance
Aid to the Disabled
Aid to the Blind
General Assistance
Aid to Dependent Children 1/
UN2/
Basic 2/
$60.75
90.27
72.00
31.62
$ 63.18
122.23
80.04
38.30
33.83
39.94
37.11
44.78
Payment per person, not case
The UN figure represents payments to families where the male parent is
in the home but unemployed
The basic figure represents all others
SOURCE
Unpubli'-hed data received from Sondra Lipman, Oregon Public Welfare
Division, Research and Statistics Section, May 1973
1/
2/
The State of Oregon operates three special schools for the handicapped,
all located at Salem in Marion County
The School for the Blind provides
special education for approximately 100 children with acute vision problems
in a boarding school situation
The School for the Deaf provides parallel
training for severely handicapped children from four years of age through
high school
Oregon Fairview Home provides in- and out-patient training for
mentally deficient minors and adults
Housing
Table 59.
Housing Occupancy and Facilities for Places with Over 2,500
Inhabitants, Baker County, 1970
Baker
Subj ect
Number
I
Percent
Occupancy
All year-round housing units
Owner occupied
Renter occupied
Vacant year-round
3,563
2,274
958
331
100.0
63 8
Facilities
Telephone available
Air conditioning
2,762
278
77.5
7.8
.....................
Median gross renter of renter occupied..
SOURCE:
268
9.3
$85
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing:
1970 Detailed
Housing Characteristics, Final Report HC(l) - B39, Oregon, U S
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
- 45 -
Table 60.
Housing Occupancy and Facilities, Baker County, 1970
Baker County
Number Units
Percent
Subject
Occupancy
All housing units
Vacant - seasonal or migratory
Owner occupied
Renter occupied
Vacant year-round
Population in housing units
per unit
Owner occupied
Renter occupied
100 0
22
0 4
61 2
26 2
12.2
100 0
1 3
61 3
31 5
5.9
100.0
100.0
93.7
5.0
1.3
94.7
4.2
1.1
303
6 9
4,328
405
85 0
8.0
3.6
89.5
10.3
3,566
1,527
714
5,093
4,773
254
66
Facilities
Lacking some or all plumbing
facilities
Telephone available
Air conditioning
Median number of rooms
Median value 1/
Median gross rent 2/..
Specified
acres and
2/
Specified
SOURCE:
U.S.
5,829
2.3
2.6
Persons per room
All occupied units
1 00 or less
1.01 to 1.50
1.51 or more
1/
State
Percent
- number -
- number -
4.8
$9,400
5.0
$11,300
$81
$107
owr'er occupied
Limited to one-family homes on less than 10
no business on property.
rerter occupied
Excludes one-family homes on 10 acres or more
Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing: 1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC(l) - B39, Oregon, U S Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
- 46 -
THE COUNTY'S ECONOMY
In recent years, Baker County's economy has been largely based on
agriculture and lumbering
Other manufacturing, recreation and the
tourist trade, mining, and secondary industries are also important sources
of income
Agriculture, lumber and wood products, and retail trade are
major employment sectors of the economy.
Agriculture
Agriculture .n Baker County is devoted primarily to livestock production
and winter forage for livestock, because of the large area of range land in
the county
A short growing season and low precipitation limit the variety
of crops grown
lorage crops such as alfalfa, clover, grass mixtures, small
grains, and native hay are produced on most of the cropland in the county
In 1970 over $11 million worth of crops and livestock were sold from
Baker County farms
Nearly $10 million came from the sale of livestock products alone.
Table 61
Farm Size and Value, Baker County, 1959, 1964, and 1969
Subj ect
Approximate acres of land area
Proportion in farms
Total number of farms
Acres in farms
Average size of farms
Value of land and buildings
Average per farm..................
Average per acre
SOURCE:
1959
1964
1,959,680
1,963,520
1,963,648
4537
4077
757
736
885,841
1,170.2
890,142
1,209.4
626
799,513
1,277.1
$55,699
$46.77
76,232
$63.39
$94,595
$74.06
452
1969
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1959 and 1969,
Vol 1, Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U S Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1960, 1972.
In 1969, about 49 percent of Baker County's farms wee over 260 acres
in size
Many farms in the county are large in size
Over 16 percent were
over 2,000 acres in 1969.
Table 62.
Number and Percent of Farms by Size, Baker County,
1959, 1964, and 1969
Size
Less than 10 acres.......
10 to 49 acres
50 to 69 acres
70 to 99 acres
100 to 139 acres
140 to 179 acres..
180 to 219 acres
220 to 259 acres...
260 to 499 acres
500 to 999 acres
1,000 to 1,999 acres
2,000 acres or more
Total farms
SOURCE:
1959
Number
1964
33
119
44
129
29
55
35
58
27
25
87
29
48
35
52
20
22
(
1969
39
95
20
44
37
50
20
14
83
59
63
1959
114
104
72
66
115
102
4.4
15.7
3.8
7.3
4.6
7.7
3.6
3.3
11.5
14.3
8.8
15.0
757
736
626
100.0
108
67
I
Percent
1964
6.0
17.5
3.8
6.4
4.6
6.9
2.6
2.9
13.7
9.5
9.0
15.6
100.0
1969
6.2
15.2
3.2
7.1
5.9
8.0
3.2
2.2
13.2
9.4
10.1
16.3
100.0
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1959 and 1969,
Vol 1, Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U S Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1960, 1972.
Classification of farms by economic class considers only those classified by the U S Department of Agriculture as "Commercial Farms"
In general, all farms with a total value of products sold amounting
to $2,500 or more are classified as commercial
Farms with sales of $50
to $2,499 are classified as commercial if the farm operator was under 65
years of age and (1) he did not work off the farm 100 or more days during
the year and (2) the income received by the operator and members of his
family from nonfarm sources was less than the value of all farm products
sold.
In 1969 Baket County had 476 commercial farms, but only 77 had sales
of $20,000 or more.
- 48 -
Table 63
Farms by Economic Class, Baker County, 1959, 1964, and 1969
Economic Class
Commercial farms
Class I (sales of $40,000
or more)
Class II (sales of $20,000
to $39,999)
Class III (sales of $10,000
to $19,999)
Class IV (sales of $5,000
to
$9,999).................
Class V (sales of $2,500
to $4,999)
Class VI (sales of $50
to $2,499)
Other farms
Part-time
Part-retirement
Abnormal
Total farms
SOURCE:
Number
1959 I l964
3
1969
1959
Percent
1964
1969
563
519
476
74.4
70.5
76.0
63
44
77
8.3
6.0
12.3
79
77
76
104
105
121
140
107
124
185
145
198
104
142
88
137
193
141
124
107
88
16.4
14.5
14.1
53
193
136
42
217
23
152
150
112
57
65
37
7.0
25.5
18.0
7.5
5.7
29.5
20.7
8.8
3.7
24.0
17.9
5.9
0.2
757
736
626
100.0
100.0
100.0
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1959 and 1969,
Vol 1, Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U S Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1960, 1972.
Table 64.
Farm Operators by Age and Years of School Completed,
Baker County, 1959, 1964, and 1969
Subj ect
Average age, years
Farm operators 65 years and over
By years of school completed
Elementary
0 to 4 years
5 to 7 years.....
8 years
High school: 1 to 3 years.......
1 years
College
1 to 3 years
4 years or more
1959
1964
1969
51.4
138
52.0
52.2
113
NA*
t,
125
2
25
209
92
257
97
54
*NA - not available.
SOURCE
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1959 and 1969,
Vol 1, Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U S Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1960, 1972.
Table 65.
Farm Operators by Tenure, Baker County, 1959, 1964, and 1969
Tenure
1959
1964
Full owners
Part owners
Managers
Tenants
485
181
12
454
202
79
75
69
Total operators
757
736
636
5
1969
411
146
NA*
SOURCE:
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Agriculture, 1959 and 1969,
Vol. 1, Area Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
*NA - not available.
Livestock markets are well established in the county, but marketing
facilities for most crops are located outside the basin
Potatoes and
sugar beets must be shipped to Ontario for processing, and most milk is
shipped by bulk tank to Idaho. Marketing programs or associations have
been established in the county for the sale of livestock and wool.
Table 66.
Acres of Crops Harvested, Baker County, 1969 and 1970
Crops Harvested
1969
Corn for grain
Small grains
Wheat
Oats
Barley
Hay crops
Field seed crops
Al fal f a
Other field crops
Vegetables
Berries
Tree fruits, nuts, and grapes
1970
200
100
7,700
1,000
6,000
81,800
7,900
1,000
6,000
78,200
260
500
150
550
11 2/
preliminary.
*NA - not available.
from U S Census of Agriculture, 1969
SOURCE
Oregon State University Extension Service and U S D A
"Oregon Commodity Data Sheets", 1971-72.
1/
2/
- 50 -
cooperating,
Income from the sale of crops and livestock in Baker County during
1970 was estimated at about $11,370,000
The sale of livestock accounted
for over 87 percent of this income
Small grains contributed 5 4 percent
and hay 4.5 percent.
Table 67
Value of Farm Products Sold,1' Baker County, 1966-1970
Product
1966
1967
1968
1969
J
1970 2/
- thousand dollars
All crops, livestock, and
livestock products
All crops
All grain, hay and seeds
All seed crops
All grain and hay
All hay
All grains
Wheat
Barley
Vegetables, fresh and for
processing
All berries
All tree fruits and nuts
Specialty field crops
Specialty horticultural
crops
All livestock and livestock
products
Dairy products
Poultry products
Cattle and calves
Sheep and lambs
Hogs
9,867
10,030
1,645
1,483
1,709
1,469
l0,09
1,233
62
90
1,421
1,379
697
727
508
191
640
739
565
155
999
36
963
422
541
398
131
8,222
502
80
6,910
400
137
8,321
523
8,858
539
64
64
7,177
298
109
7,720
292
108
10,251
11,368
1,355
1,051
1,516
1,146
42
24
1,009
446
563
407
140
1,122
8,896
644
61
7,649
278
134
9,852
694
512
610
453
143
48
8,568
261
164
1/
2/
Crop year includes quantities sold or held for sale.
preliminary
SOURCE
Oregon State University Extension Service and U S D A
"Oregon Commodity Data Sheets", 1971-72.
cooperating,
Although the number of dairy cattle had dropped to less than half their
1950 level by 1970, the total number of cattle and calves in the county increased by over 52 percent during the same period. Numbers of sheep, lambs,
and hogs also decreased from 1950 to 1970.
Table 68.
Livestock and Poultry Numbers, Baker County,
1950, 1960, 1969, and 1970
Category
All cattle
Dairy cattle
Sheep and lambs
Hogs
Chickens
Turkeys raised
1950
1960
69,700
6,500
35,000
12,000
NA
NA
89,000
2,700
34,500
5,500
NA
NA
1969
1970 a'
107,000
2,700
21,000
2,600
9,000
7,000
*NA - not available.
1/
Numbers are as of January 1, unless otherwise indicated
2/
preliminary
SOURCE
Oregon State University Extension Service and U S D A
"Oregon Commodity Data Sheets", 1971-72.
Table 69.
cooperating,
Food and Kindred Products Manufacturing, Baker County,
1968 and 1970
Number of Firms
1968
1970
Product Group
Meat products
Meat packing plants
Dairy products
Canning and preserving
Grain mill products
Prepared feed for animals and fowls
Bakery products
Bread and other bakery products
Beverages
Miscellaneous food preparations .........
.................................
Total
SOURCE:
106,000
2,700
19,000
NA*
8,000
5,000
1
Finployees
1968
1
0
0
8
O
O
2
2
10
1
0
1
9
0
0
0
0
27
Oregon State
Directory of
Oregon State
Directory of
I
1970
8
0
0
28
Department of Commerce, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1968
Executive Department, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1970.
- 52 -
Logging and Wood Products
Logging and sawmilling are major industries in Baker County's economy.
Lumber, plywood and veneer are produced in the county. Much of the industry
is supply by ponderosa and Jeffrey pines from Baker County forests. Employment in logging and wood products manufacturing has increased in recent years.
Table 70.
Lumber and Wood Products Manufacturing Excluding Furniture,
Baker County, 1968 and 1970
Product Grou p
............
mills.............
Logging camps and contractors
Sawmills and planing
Veneer and plywood
Other wood products
Number of Firms
1968
1970
J
3
4
7
1
1
0
1
Total.....................................
SOURCE:
Oregon State
Directory of
Oregon State
Directory of
3
12
Department of Commerce, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1968.
Executive Department, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1970.
Timber production in Baker County varied between 1960 and 1970 from a
low of 43,000,000 board feet in 1961 to a high of 115,000,000 board feet
in 1966.
The average for the 1960 to 1970 period was about 86,000,000
board feet.
Table 71.
Timber Harvest by Ownership, Baker County, 1970
Owner ship
................
Total timber harvest
Private 3/
Bureau of Land Management 4/ .....
National forest 5/
State 3/
...............
1/
Production4"
66,495
4,007
-
Percent of Total
100.0
6.0
1,109
1.7
61,379
92.3
Includes volume removed as logs but not volume removed for poles, piling,
and woodcutting operations.
2/
Scribner Log Rule - thousand board feet.
3/
Compiled by State Forestor.
4/
Compiled by Bureau of Land Management.
5/
Compiled by U.S. Forest Service.
SOURCE: Wall, Brian R., "1970 Timber Harvest", U.S.D.A. Forest Service
Resource Bulletin PNW-38, U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon, 1971.
In 1968, Baker County used 74,820,000 board feet of its own log production and exported 60,872,000 board feet
At the same time, it imported
27,200 board feet for processing.
Table 72.
Log Consumption in Thousand Board Feet by Species and Industry,
Baker County, 1968 1/
Type of Wood-Using Industry
Veneer and
Shake and
Sawmills
P1ywood./
Shingle
Species
All species
Douglas fir
True firs
Ponderosa and Jeffrey pines
Hardwoods
66,020
1,064
388
64,568
156,160
91,541
46,851
5.870
NA*
'I
I,
I,
*NA - not available.
1/
Scribner log rule
2/
Includes Baker, Harney, and Union Counties to avoid disclosure
SOURCE: Manock, Eugene R., Grover A. Choate, and Donald R. Gedney, Oregon
Timber Industries, 1968, Wood Consumption and Mill Characteristics,
Oregon State Department of Forestry jointly with U S Forest Service,
Salem, Oregon, 1968.
Table 73.
Installed 8-Hour Capacity of Wood-Using Industries,
Baker County, 1968
Industry
Capacity
Sawmill - lumber
Veneer and plywood
Pulp and board mills
203,000
125,000 .?.1
NR*
Scribner log rule, board feet
Square feet, 3/8 inch basis
*NR - not reported
SOURCE
Manock, Eugene R , Grover A Choate, and Donald R Gedney, Oregon
Timber Industries, 1968, Wood Consumption and Mill Characteristics,
Oregon State Department of Forestry jointly with U S Forest Service,
Salem, Ocegon, 1968.
1/
2/
Nearly 75,000 tons of wood and bark residue were produced in Baker
County in 1968
Of this quantity, about 38,000 tons weie consumed for such
uses as pulp, particle board, or fuel.
- 54 -
Manufacturing
Table 74
Value Added by Major Manufacturing Industries, Baker County, 1967
Iten
Allmanufacturing
Food and kindred products
Lumber and wood products
Value Added
Percent
$9,000,000
NA*
NA
100.0
*NA - not available.
SOURCE
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Manufacturers, 1967, Area
Services
Oregon, MC 67(3) - 38, U S Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1970.
Table 75. Manufacturing, Other than Lumber and Wood Products; Food and
Kindred Products and Mineral, Metal, and Related Products Manufacturing,
Baker County, 1968 and 1970
Number of Firms
1968 I 1970
Major and Subgroups
Printing, publishing, and allied
industries
Newspapers, publishing and printing
Machinery, except electrical
Farm machinery and equipment
Miscellaneous machinery
Transportation equipment
Trailer coaches
Total
SOURCE:
Oregon State
Directory of
Oregon State
Directory of
Employment
1968 I 1970
25
28
100
100
3
3
0
6
128
137
Department of Commerce, Economic Levelopment Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1968
Executive Department, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1970.
- 55 -
Mining - Mineral and Metal Industries
Mining and metal industry manufacturing provided employment for 126
persons in Baker County in 1970. The lime mining and processing industry
is important to the mineral segment of the county's economy
Additional
income is derived from sand and gravel and stone, but varies considerably
from year to year depending on the current construction activities within
the county.
Table 76.
Mineral, Metal and Related Manufacturing, Baker County,
1968 and 1970
Number of Firms
1968 I 1970
Major and Subgroups
Petroleum refining and related
industries
Stone, clay, glass, and concrete
products
Cement hydraulic
Concrete products except block
and brick
Lime
Ready-mixed concrete
Fabricated metal products except
ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment
Sheet metal work
100
Table 77.
NR*
1
13
10
13
10
2
2
125
126
1
Department of Commerce, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1968
Executive Department, Economic Development Division,
Oregon Manufacturers - 1970.
Value of Mineral Production, Baker County, 1963, 1965, and 1970
Year
Value
Minerals Produced in Order of Value
1963
1965
$5,822,000
5,429,000
1970
6,153,000
SOURCE:
100
1
1
Total
*NR - not reported.
SOURCE
Oregon State
Directory of
Oregon State
Directory of
Employment
1968
1970
Cement, stone, sand and gravel, lime,
clays, gold, silver
Cement, sand and gravel, stone, lime,
clays, gold, silver, pumice, copper,
lead, zinc
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Oregon Economic Statistics,
various years, University of Oregon.
-56 -
Outdoor Recreation
Baker County has many areas that are attractive for *ecreational purposes
The Eagle Cap Wilderness has trails which have been constructed for
both horsemen and trail hikers
In other forested areas throughout the basin,
hikers, hunters, fishermen, sightseers, and others participate
in various
recreational activties throughout the year
The Anthony Lakes Ski Area provides excellent skiing opportunity from November through March of
most years
The Oxbow and Brownlee Reservoirs on the Snake River, the Phillips
Reservoir on the Powder River, and the Unity Reservoir on the
upper Burnt
River offer many recreational opportunities and attract people from outside
the county
Anthony Lake offers recreational activities in the mountainous
areas.
The deveoped recreational facilities in Baker County include state
and privately owned parks, National Forest and public domain recreational
areas
There are two state parks within the county that have many modern
camping facilities
The Phillips Reservoir has picnicking, camper, trailer,
and boat launching sites.
Table 78.
Baker County Park and Recreation Facilities
Ownership and Name
National Forest
Anthony Lake
Corrigal Spring
Eagle Creek
Eagle Forks
Fish Lake
Grande Ronde Lake
Kettle Creek
Lakefork
Marble Creek Picnic Ground
McBride
McCully Forks
Mud Lake
South Fork
Tamarack
Two Color
State parks
Farewell Bend State Park
Unity Lake State Park
Unity Forest Wayside
Acres
NA*
t1
72
.9
85
Facilities and Activities 1/
B,C ,F,H,H1,P,R,S
C,H
C,F,H
C,F,H
C,Tc,F,H,S
C,Tc,P,F,H,S
C,Bp,F,H,Hi,R
C,Tc,P,F,Hi
P,F,H
C,F,H
C,Tc,F,H
C,F,H,Hi
C,Tc,P,F,H
C,F,H
C,F,H
B,P,C,Tc,S,F
B,C,P,F
P
B - boating
F - fishing
P - picnicking
- trailer
Bp - berry picking
H - hunting
R - riding
camping
C - camping
Hi - hiking
S - swimming
*NA - not available.
SOURCES: U.S.D.A. Foest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, National
Forest Campground Directory, Oregon-Washington, 1971
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division,
State Parks and Recreation Section, State Parks Acreages, 1971.
1/
- 57 -
Table 79.
Attendance at State Parks in Baker County, 1968-72
Park and Use
1968-69
Farewell Bend
Day attendance
Overnight camping
Unity Lake
Day attendance
Overnight camping
SOURCE:
(
Attendance
1969-70
1970-71
I
1971-72
104,356
9,139
123,202
10,752
205,312
15,418
184,910
19,492
36,208
4,038
20,538
3,245
14,722
3,313
14,610
4,783
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division,
"Day Visitor Attendance" and "Overnight Camping by the Public",
State Parks and Recreation Section, 1972.
Table 80.
Game
Pheasant
Quail
Chukar partridge
Hungarian partridge.
Blue and ruffed grouse.
Ducks
Geese
Deer 1/
Elk 1/
Baker County Game Harvest
Hunters
Percent of
Number
State Total
Harvest
Percent of
Number
State Total
2,885
1,044
3,354
1,165
364
960
360
13,600
4,380
12,878
8,294
36,710
5,671
4.00
3.99
20.26
22.76
4.71
1.72
l.28
4.87
5.87
682
7,300
150
5,710
594
5.29
5.23
31.88
35.65
4.05
1.28
0.23
6.50
5.78
Days
Hunted
10,778
5,021
13,851
5,020
976
4,350
1,540
NA*
30,400
*NA - not avai1abl'.
1/
1971 statistic3 for Baker, Keating, and Lookout Mountain state game
management units which are all not fully contained within Baker County
nor do they completely cover the county's area
SOURCE
Oregon State Game Commission, "1966 Upland Game Questionnaire", 1967,
"Water Fowl Estimates, 1969-70 Season", 1970, and "Oregon State Game
Commission Bulletin", May 1972.
- 58 -
Business
Table 81.
Retail and Wholesale Trade, Baker County, 1967
Number
Establishments
Kind of Business
Retail trade, total 2/
Lumber, building materials, hardware, farm equipment dealers
General merchandise group stores.
Food stores
Automotive dealers
Gasoline service stations ........
Apparel, access3ry stores .....
Furniture, home furnishings,
equipment Stores
Eating, drinking places
Drug, proprietary stores
Other retail stores
Nonstore retailers
................
Wholesale trade, total 4/
Merchant wholesalers
Other operating types
207
12
11
33
18
29
865
NA*
'I
Vt
Vt
7
12
42
3
IV
VI
II
34
6
31
13
18
*NA
Number
Paid 21
Employees
Sales
($1,000)
$29,788
4,345
1,813
6,655
6,20P
2,627
942
681
2,650
3/
2,442
Vt
158
3/
14,023
NA
IV
3/
not available.
1/
Excludes active proprietors of unincorporated businesses
2/
Only those counties with 500 or more establishments are broken down
into specific kinds of business
3/
Withheld to avoid disclosure
4/
Only those counties with 100 or more establishments are broken down into
specific kinds of wholesale business
SOURCES: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1967 Retail Trade:
Oregon, BC 67 - PA 39, and 1967 Wholesale Trace
Oregon, BC 67 WA - 39,U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1969.
- 59 -
Table 82.
Selected Services, Baker County, 1967
Number
Establishments
Kind of Business
Selected services, total
110
Hotels, motels, tourist courts,
camps 2/
Personal services
Miscellaneous business services
Auto repair, services, garages
Miscellaneous repair services
Motion pictures
Amusement, recreation services,
exc. motion pictures
22
39
16
13
12
1
.($3 ,000)
Number
Paid /
Employees
$2,750
218
Receipts
NA*
I,
NA
I,
It
I,
It
II
I,
It
'I
I,
It
It
*NA - not available.
1/
Excludes active proprietors of unincorporated businesses.
2/
Only counties with 300 or more establishments are broken down into
specific kinds of services.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census Census of Business, 1967 Selected
Services: Oregon, BC 67 - SA 39, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1969.
- 60 -
PUBLIC SERVICES
Transportation
Baker, the transportation center of the basin, is located on Baker
County's main highways, on the rail line, and near the commercial airline
facilities
Othe- towns have local service from Baker or are on main
highways with interstate bus and motor freight service
The county is crossed from northwest to southeast by Interstate Highway
80N, connecting the cities of North Powder, Haines, Baker and Huntington to
outside points
U S Highway 26 passes through Unity in the southwest corner of the county
Baker is connected to Sumpter by State Highway 220 and
to Hereford and Unity by State Highway 7
State Highways 203 and 237 extend
north from Baker to Union and La Grande, and State Highay 86 runs east
through Richland to Homestead and Oxbow and Idaho Power Company's dams and
hydroelectric plants
Secondary roads provide access to the small villages,
farms, and grazing and forest areas
The main line of the Union Pacific Railroad which parallels Interstate
80N across the county provides transcontinental passenger and freight service
to Baker, Huntington, Haines, and North Powder
The Oregon State Board of Aeronautics lists four airports located in
the basin
The Baker Municipal Airport has commercial airline facilities
and is served by Hughes Airlines
Privately owned and operated airports
at Haines, Halfway, and Homestead accommodate smaller planes.
Table 83.
Miles of Roadway in Baker County, 1972
Agency
Miles
Federal agency roads
State agency roads.
County and public usage roads 1/
City streets
1,718
303
932
107
Total
3,060
1/
Public usage roads are roads under county jurisdiction but generally
privately maintained
SOURCE
Transportation Research Institute, Oregon State University,
Functional Classification of Public Roads and Streets in Oregon,
1970.
Table 84.
Motor Vehicle Registration, Baker County, 1970 and 1972
Vehicle
Passenger vehicles
Buses
Trucks
All trailers
Motorcycles
Recreational 1/
Snowmobiles
Number of Vehicles
1970
1972
I
9,767
17
907
671
347
693
NA*
Total vehicles
12,401
10,701
3
508
919
626
1,027
226
14,010
*NA - not available.
1/
Includes campers and travel trailers.
SOURCE
Oregon State Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicles Division,
1972 figures taken from Bureau of Bureau of BusLness and Economic
Research, Oregon Economic Statistics, 1972, University of Oregon,
1972
l72 figures from Oregon Department of Transportation,
Motor Vehicles Division, unpublished data, telephone interview.
Table 85.
Number of Aircraft and Boats in Baker County, 1968
Subject
Aircraft
Boats
SOURCE:
Number
18
524
Oregon State Executive Department., Program Planning Division,
District Facts, 1970.
Communication
Baker County is served by one radio station within the county and numerous
stations from surrounding areas
Telephone service is provided for two-thirds
of the county by four different companies
The other one-third is timber and
rangeland
Telegraph service is provided by Western Union
There are no locally
owned television stations, however, several stations are received from the
surrounding area.
there
able.
A daily newspaper is published in Baker and a weekly is also published
In addition, the Oregonian and Oregon Journal from Portland are avail-
Table 86
Communication Facilities, Baker County
Type of Service
Location
KBIcR..
Baker
Telephone
Eagle Telephone Company
Haines Telephone Company
Oregon Telephone Corporation
Pacific Northwest Bell
Richiand
Haines
Hereford-Unity
Beker
Television statiois
No stations located in county, but
stations from other areas may be
received
Cable TV available from
Baker with all major
networks.
Newspapers
Democrat-Herald
Record-Courier
Baker
Baker
Radio stations
SOURCES:
Oregon Association of Broadcasters, Directory of Radio and Television Stations for the State of Oregon, 1972.
Oregon State Executive Department, Clay Meyers, Secretary of State,
Oregon Blue Book, 1973-74, January 1973.
Pacific Northwest Bell, unpublished data.
Table 87.
Residential Communication Facilities, Baker County, 1960 and 1970
Number of Housin
Facilities
1960
1
Units
1970
Battery radio sets
Yas
NA*
No
NA
Telephone available
Yes
No
Television sets
One
Two or more
None
4,128
996
4,047
1,599
4,328
765
4,342
130
1,174
4,205
NA
NA
2,556
2,151
502
417
UHF equipped television
Yes
No
*NA - not available.
SOURCE
U S Btreau of the Census, Census of Housing
1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC(1) - B39, Oregon, U S Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
- 63 -
Library Facilities
Public support for libraries located in Baker County is provided by
county funds. For the 1970 fiscal year, $68,007 were provided to support
county libraries
The county's per capita circulation of 3 6 and expenditure per capita of $3.85 compare with state figures of 6.3 and $3.48.
Table 88.
Baker County Libraries, by City of Location, 1969-70
Cit
Volumes
Baker
Durkee
Haines
Halfway
Huntington
Richiand
Extension
Service
60,254
--
County Total.
60,254
--
--
Circulation
Circ./
ca ita
100,208
8,875
5,755
5,354
2,618
9,211
10.7
NA*
17.4
9.2
4.1
54.2
46,740
NA
178,761
3.0
Hrs. Open
Per Week
Operating
Expend. /
Ex ' end.
Ca'ita
63
$63,197
6
6
16
7
17
$63,197
$3.85
*NA - not available.
SOURCE: Nielsen, Alice M., Editor, Directory of Oregon Libraries, annual
statistics for the year ending June 30, 1970, Oregon State Library,
Salem, Oregon.
Utilities
Table 89.
Housing Units by Water Supply and Sewage Disposal,
Baker County, 1970
Baker Courty
I
Number
Percent'1
Subject
Water source
Public system cr private company
Individual well
Other or none
4,323
1,217
Sewage disposal
Public sewer
Septic tank or cesspool
Other or none
State
Percent1!
266
74.4
21.0
4.6
79.8
16.9
3.3
3,153
2,525
128
54.3
43 5
2.2
61.0
37 5
1.5
1/ Percent of all year-round housing.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing:
1970 Detailed
Housing Characteristics, Final Report HC(l) - B39, Oregon, U.S.
Governmnt Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
64 -
Table 90
Housing Units by Water Supply and Sewage Disposal, for Places
with Over 2,500 Inhabitants, Baker County, 1970
Baker
Subj ect
Number
Water source
Public system or private company
Individual well
Other or none
3,539
Sewage disposal
Public sewer
Septic tank or cesspool
Other or none
2,757
773
Percent1!
I
99.3
0.7
22
77.4
21.7
0.9
31
1/
Percent of all year-round housing.
SOURCE
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing
1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC(l) - B39, Oregon, U S Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
Table 91.
Types of Fuels and Fuel Usage by Number of Housing Units,
Baker County, 1960 and 1970
Type of Fuel
Home Heating
Fuel
1960
I 1970
Utility gas
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc
Coal or coke
Wood
Electricity
Bottled, tank, or LP gas.
Other fuel
None
778
2,956
830
All occupied units ........
5,646
SOURCE:
833
70
179
Water Heating
Fuel
1960 I 1970
1,990
2,226
294
122
556
1,009
-54
504
22
-55
229
226
37
3,965
219
3,812
183
350
43
Cooking
Fuel
1960 I 1970
190
758
475
-4,166
4,175
57
370
458
-121
5,807
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing: 1960 and 1970
Detailed Housing Characteristics, Final Report HC(l) B39, Oregon,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1962, l972.
Table 92.
ElectrIc Power Resources, Baker County, 1969
Plant
Private utilities
Brownlee Dam
Oxbow Dam
Snake River
Snake River
360,400
190,000
Idaho Power Co.
Idaho Power Co.
Pub 1 Ic
Baker
Goodrich Lake
120
City of Baker
- kilowatts.
Type:
H - hydroelectric.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of the Interior, Branch of Power Resources,
"Electric Power Plants in the Pacific Northwest and Adjacent
Areas", 1969.
1/
California-Pacific Utility Company serves the upper and middle portions
of Baker County with electric power. The southern portion of the county
is served by Idaho Power Company
- 66 -
PUBLIC FINANCE
Table 93
Selected Items of Local Government Finances, Baker County, 1966-67
Baker County
Total
Per Capita
Amount
Amount
Item
- $1,000 -
General revenue, exc. interlocal
Intergovernmental revenue
From state government
From local sources
Taxes
Property
Other
Charges and miscellaneous
Direct general expenditure
Capital outlay
Other
Education..........................
Other than capital outlay......
Highways
Other than capital outlay
Public welfare
Hospitals........
Other than capital outlay
Health
Police protection
Fire protection
Sewerage
Other than capital outlay.....
Sanitation other than sewerage
Parks and recreation
Natural resources
Rousing and urban renewal
Correction
Libraries
Financial administration
General contrc.l
General public buildings
Interest on general debt.........
Other and unallocable
Water supply revenue
Water supply expenditure
outstanding...........
Long-term...........................
General debt
Local schools
Other...........................
SOURCE:
State
Per Capita
Amount
- dol lars - -
$4,820
1,569
1,458
3,251
2,674
2,604
$301
$308
98
91
203
167
162
97
70
577
4
5
36
54
5,161
843
4,318
3,266
2,742
322
53
270
204
171
752
511
63
47
32
316
62
254
180
152
30
20
4
2
83
210
15.6
151
6
25
148
92
4
9
6
12
35
29
2
21
1
9
8
3
2
24
87
2
10
5
4
4
0.59
2
3
3
7
5
7
8
2
3
9
2
55
107
116
33
72
256
4
6
16
21
246
172
15
11
12
13
2,180
2,126
1,208
918
136
133
76
57
214
203
101
101
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol. 4,
No
5
Compendium of Government Finances, U S Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C., 1969.
- 67 -
Table
94.
Sunmary of
1971-72 Property Tax Levies and Assessments,
Baker County
Item
Amount in Dollars
Levies
County
Cities
Community colleges....
Elementary and secondary school districts
Intermediate county
Education joint
Elementary and unified
Union high
County unit
Total school districts
Special districts
Cemetery....................................
Hospital....................................
Park and recreation
Fire protection
705,090
472,053
38,006
865,115
28,594
1,551,166
2,420,959
11,505
5,999
Port.........................................
Road
Sanitary
Water supply
Other
Total special districts
Total gross ad valorem levies
Special assessments
Fire patrol
Forest
Diking and drainage
Irrigation
Lighting
Other
Total special assessments .........
Total gross levies and assessments
Less property relief money
Senior citizens
Game Commission
Total net ad valorem levies ........
Net ad valorem taxes by class
Real property
Personal property
Utility property
fee..................................
SOURCE:
17,504
3,653,612
20,298
118,257
138,555
3,792,167
(21,023)
3,632,589
1,604,206
457,628
1,570,756
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax
Rolls for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property
Tax Collections, Research and Special Services Division, 1972
- 68 -
Table 95
City Valuation, Tax Rates, and Taxes Extended, Baker County,
1971-72 Fiscal Year
Item
Baker
Huntington
Population
True cash value (TCV)
Per capita TCV
City tax
Consolidated tax
Per capita tax
City
Consolidated
Percentage of total levy
County
City
School
Other
Average rate/$TCV basis
County
City
School
Other
Total
9,440
$49,849,859
5,281
434,691
1,135,081
530
370
$2,308,566
4,356
20,569
57,391
$1,288,256
3,482
5,217
23,768
120
39
108
14
64
15 1
13 8
18 6
383
358
219
46 6
50 3
57 5
oo
00
19
3 44
Item
Halfway
Population
True cash value (TCV)
Per cdpita TCV
City tax
Consolidated tax
Per capita tax
City
Consolidated
Percentage of total levy
County
City
School
Other
Average rate/$TCV basis
County
City
School
Other
Total
46
Haines
3 44
3 44
872
891
405
10.61
12.51
10.61
000
000
035
22 77
24 86
18 45
Richland
Sumpter
300
$1,018,635
3,395
4,176
20,668
$541,420
4,165
2,133
11,045
130
$548,533
4,219
5,266
12,973
14
69
16
85
100
17 0
16 9
14 5
202
193
406
62 5
62 2
44 9
03
16
00
3 44
3 44
3 44
410
394
960
12 69
12 69
10 61
130
41
006
033
000
20 29
20 40
23 65
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax
Rolls for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property
Tax Collections, Research and Special Services DivIsion, 1972.
Table 96.
Summary of Assessment Rolls for 1971-72 Fiscal Year Real Property,
Personal Property and Utilities, Baker County
Assessed
Value
I tern
Percent of
Total
Class
Real property
Lands inside corporate limits
Lands outside corporate limits
Improvements inside corporate limits
Improvements outside corporate limits
Timber (excludes land)
Less veterans exemptions
Less senior citizens residence exemptions
Taxable real property
Personal property
Merchandise and stock in trade
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
Farm machinery and equipment
Other machinery and equipment
Livestock
Miscellaneous
Less veterans exemptions
Less senior citizens residence exemptions
Taxable personal property
Total taxable real and personal property
Utilities
Airline companies
Electric companies
Express companies
Gas companies
Heating companies
Pipeline companies
Railroad companies
Tank and private car companies
Telegraph companies
Telephone companies
Water companies
Water transportation companies
Taxable utility property
Total taxable real, personal and utility
property
$
7,489,695
28,852,090
34,425,635
15,282,025
3
14
16
7
(l,36,200)
0 7
0 5
41.0
998,715)
83,684,530
(
6,175,771
610,725
3,008,125
5,235,655
9,835,200
477,100
(870)
7
1
9
5
3 0
0 3
1.5
2 6
4.8
0.2
1/
25,341,706
12 4
109,026,236
53 5
31,100
71,199,731
i,000
6,212,406
1,492,768
10,191,745
1,107,017
1,900
4,705,470
1/
34 9
1/
3 0
0.7
5 0
0 5
1/
2 3
94,943,137
46 5
$203,969,373
100 0
Less than 0.05 percent.
SOURCE
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax
Rolls for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property
Tax Collections, Research and Special Services Division, 1972.
1/
Table 97.
Amount and Percent of Unpaid 1970-71 Property Tax
As of June 30, 1971, Baker County
I tern
Property taxable
Real
Personal
Public utilities
Western Oregon additional
timber tax................
Yield tax
Other .......................
Total for collection........
SOURCE:
Total
Amount
Amount
Unpaid
Percent
Unpaid
$1,888,676
1,183,549
2,678,106
$238,735
49,979
23,063
12.6
4.2
0.9
5,387
$3,856,759
$920,213
23.9
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax
Rolls for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property
Tax Collections, Research and Special Services Division, 1972.
Selected List of Agencies
The following list gives names and addresses of agencies that have
served as data sources for this publication and may provide further or more
current data on subjects of interest
In addition, a number of local and county offices are available
to offer
local information and assistance, including:
Agriculture Stabilization and Conservation
Assessor
City Library
Corrections and Parole
County Engineer
County Extension
County Surveyor
Employment Division
Game Commission
Health Department
Public Welfare
Soil Conservation Service
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, University of Oregon, Eugene,
Oregon 97403
Center for Population Research and Census, Portland State University,
724 S.W. Harrison, Portland, Oregon 97201
3
Children Services Division, Oregon State Department of Human Resources,
Public Services Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Department of Environmental Quality, 1234 S.W. Morrison, Portland, Oregon
97204
Economic Research Service, U.S.D.A. Extension Hall, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331
6
Extension Service, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
7
Fish Commission of Oregon, 1400 S W
8
4-H Youth Office, Extension Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis,
Oregon 97331
9.
Forest Service, U.S.D.A., 319 S.W. Pine St., Portland, Oregon 97204
- 72 -
5th St , Portldnd, Oregon 97201
Governor's Office, Economic Development Special Projects, State Capitol
Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Local Government Relations Division, Oregon Executive Department, 240
Cottage S.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon Association of Broadcasters, Allen Hall, University of Oregon,
Eugene, Oregon 97403
Oregon Board of Higher Education, School Finance and Statistical Services,
942 Lancaster Dr. N.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, 1400 S.W. 5th St.,
Portland, Oregon 97201
Oregon Educational Coordinating Council, 4263 Commercial S.E., Salem,
Oregon 97310
Oregon State Department of Revenue, State Office Building, Salem, Oregon
97310
Oregon State Employment Division, Community Manpower, Research and
Statistics, or Rural Manpower sections, Labor and Industries Building,
Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon State Game Commission, 1634 Alder, Portland, Oregon 97214
Oregon State Health Division, Department of Human Resources, 1400 S.W.
5th, Portland, Oregon 97201
Oregon State Highway Division, State Parks and Recieation
8009 E. Burnside, Portland, Oregon 97215
Section,
Oregon State Lands Division, 502 Winter N.E., Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon State Library, State Library Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Oregon State Public Welfare Division, Department of Human Resources,
Public Services Building, Salem, Oregon 97310
Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest
Service, 809 N.E. 6th St., Portland, Oregon 97232
Secretary of State's Office, State Capitol Building
97310
Soil Conservation Service, U.S.D.A., 1218 S.W. Washington, Portland)
Oregon 972O
State Water Resources Board, 1158
U.S. Department of Commerce, 921 S.W. Washington, Portland
(for copies of U.S. Census publications)
Selected Bibliography
1
Bureau of Business and Economic Research, Oregon Economic Statistics
1972, University of Oregon, 1972.
2.
Carolan, W.B., Jr., Federal Land Oregon, Oregon State University, 1963.
3
Coppedge, Robert 0 , Agriculture in Oregon Counties - Farm Sales and
General Characteristics, Special Report 330, Oregon State University,
Extension Service, Corvallis, Oregon, 1971
Center for Population Research and Census, Population Estimates of
Counties and Incorporated Cities of Oregon, Portland State University,
July 1972.
Legislative Fiscal Committee, Inventory of State-Owned Real Property,
By County, Sec. 7, 115 State Capital, Salem, Oregon, 1970.
Manock, Eugene R., Grover A. Choate, Donald R. Gedney, Oregon Timber
Industries, 1968, Wood Consumption and Mill Characteristics, Oregon State
Department of Forestry jointly with U S Forest Service, Salem, Oregon,
1968.
Nielsen, Alice N., Editor, Directory of Oregon Libraries, annual statistics
for the year ending June 30, 1970, Oregon State Library, Salem, Oregon
8
Office of the Governor, Planning Division, Health Facts, 1969
9
Oregon Association of Broadcasters, Directory of Radio and Television
Stations for the State of Oregon, 1972.
10
Oregon Board of Higher Education, 1969 School Directory and 1971-72 Oregon
School-Community College Directory, School Finance and Statistical Services
11
Oregon Conservation Needs Committee, Oregon Soil and Water Conservation
Needs Inventory, U S D A Soil Conservation Service and Oregon State
University Extension Service, 1971
12
Oregon Department of Planning and Development, Resources for Development,
1964.
13.
Qregon Educational Coordinating Council, Post Secondary Enrollment in
Oregon, An Analysis of the Statewide Student Enrollment Data Survey, 1972
14
Oregon State Board of Census, Components of Population Growth, Population
Bulletin P-3, 1961
15.
Oregon State Board of Health, Oregon Plan for Construction and Modernization of Hospitals, Public Health Centers and Medical Facilities, 1971
Annual Revision, Health Facility Planning And Construction Section, 1971.
- 74 -
Oregon State Department of Employment, 1965 Oregon Farm Labor Report, 1966.
Oregon State Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Control
In Oregon, Oregon Sanitary Authority, 1970.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Children Services Division,
Adolescent Population and Commitment Data by County, by Calendar Year
1967-1970.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division, Labor
Force and Employment in Oregon by County 1968 through 1971 publications,
Research and Statistics Section, 1969, 1972
20
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employment Division, 1971
Annual Rural Manpower Report, 1972
21
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Employirent Division, Oregon
Covered Employment and Payrolls, 1970 and 1971, Suirmary Data, Research
and Statistics Section, 1971, 1972
22.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon Public Welfare Division,
Public Welfare in Oregon, various editions
23
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon State Health Division,
Implementat:jon and Enforcement Plan for the Public Waters of the State
of Oregon, Oregon Sanitary Authority, Portland, Oregon, 1967.
24.
Oregon State Department of Human Resources, Oregon State Health Division,
Vital Statistics Annual Report, Vital Statistics Section, 1971
25
Oregon State Department of Revenue, First Biennial Report 1968-70
Oregon State Department of Revenue, Summary of Assessment and Tax Rolls
for the 1971-72 Fiscal Year and 1969-70 and 1970-71 Property Tax Collections,
Research and Special Services Division, 1972.
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division, "Day
Visitor Attendance", State Parks and Recreation Section, 1972
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division, "Overnight Camping by the Public", State Parks and Recreation Section, 1972
Oregon State Department of Transportation, State Highway Division, "The
State Park Visitor in Oregon", State Parks and Recreation Division
Oregon State Executive Department, Clay Meyers, Secretary of State,
Oregon Blue Book, 1973-74, January 1973
Oregon State Executive Department, Economic Development Division,
Directory of Oregon Manufacturers - 1970.
- 75 -
Oregon State Executive Department, Porgram Planning Division, District
Facts, 1970.
Oregon State Fisheries Commission, 1968 and 1971 Annual Report.
Oregon State Game Commission, 1968 and 1971 Annual Report, Oregon State
Game Commission.
Oregon State Game Commission, "Oregon State Game Commission Bulletin",
May 1972.
Oregon State Water Resources Board, River Basin Reports.
Simenson, G. H., E. G. Knox, H. W. Hill, and R. W. Mayko, General Soil
Map Reports with Irrigable Areas, Oregon State University Agricultural
Experiment Station with U S D A Soil Conservation Service in cooperation
with Oregon State Water Resources Board.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Censusof Agriculture, 1969, Vol. 1, Area
Reports, Part 47, Oregon, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C., 1972.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1967 Reta1 Trade: Oregon,
BC 67 - RA 39, U.S Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1969.
U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Business, 1967 Wholesale Trade:
Oregon, BC 67 - WA 39, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
1969.
41.
U.s. Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol. 4, No. 5:
Compendium of Government Finances, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1969.
42
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Governments, 1967, Vol 3, No
Compendium of Public Employment,U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C., 1969.
43
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Housing
1970 Detailed Housing
Characteristics, Final Report HC(l) - B39, Oregon, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1972.
44
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Manufacturers, 1967, Area Services
Oregon, MC 67(3) - 38, U.s. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,
1970.
45
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Population, General Demographic
Trends for Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to 1970, Final Report PHC(2) - 39,
U S Government Printing Office, Washington, D C , 1971
46
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Population
1970 General Population
Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - B39, Oregon, U S Government Printing
Off ice, Washington, D.C., 1971.
- 76 -
47
U S Bureau of the Census, Census of Population
1970 General Social
and Economic Characteristics, Final Report PC(l) - C39, Oregon, U S
Government Printing Office, Washington, D C , 1972
48
U S D A and Oregon State University Extension Service cooperating,
"Oregon Commodity Data Sheets", Oregon State University, 1971-72
49
U S Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Data Service, Climatological Data, Annual Summary,
1971, Vol 77, No 13, 1971
50
U S Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau,
Decennial Census of U S
Climate, Supplement for 1951 through 1960, Oregon No 86-31, 1965
51
U S Forest Service, Forest statistics publications for various Oregon
regions, Resource Bulletins, Pacific Northwest Experiment Station
52
U S
53.
Valde, Gary R. and Robert 0. Coppedge, Income and Poverty Data for
Racial Groups:
A Comnilatfon
fr flrpernn (11cI1a £J.t. V &Q . JLLO
- ------------------------------J
Special Report 367, Oregon State University Extension Service, C orvallis,
Oregon, 1972.
54
Wall, Brian R
Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey Reports
,
"1970 Timber Harvest", U S D A
Forest Service Resource
Bulletin PN%v-38, U S Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range
Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon, 1971.
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Extension Seivic., Oregon State University, Corvallis, Jos6ph R. Cox, director.
is publication was produced
and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congres of May 8 and June 30, litIt Extension work is a
cooperative program of Oregon State University the U S. Department ci Agrlculhws, and Oregon ceontles.