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This"' eport made -possible by funds derived through' the.
Forest Research and Experimental Tax Act of 19147.
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Each spring and summer during the past six years the Oregon State Board
of Forestry has conducted an extensive survey of the seed production of the
State's coniferous forest trees.
consists
The survey
of an evaluation of
flower production in the spring followed later by a similar evaluation of
the amount and condition of the cones and seeds produced.
In previous years
the results of the flower survey have been published with the report of cone
and seed production.
These reports have not been completed until late summer
or early autumn, which is too late for full practical benefit to
those con-
cerned with forest management.
Although cone and seed production cannot be accurately
predicted from an
evaluation of flower production, this brief report should be of value in
predicting the maximum cone and seed crops which may be anticipated.
Observations of flowering were made from established roads and highways
with the aid of field glasses.
Frequent detailed examinations of individual
trees provided a check on the uniformity of the more general observations.
Flower production of the species on which the cones mature in one year,
and conlet production on the species requiring two years for full development, were evaluated according to the following classifications:
FLC)'TER ABUNDANCE CLASSES
None
-1-No flowers on any trees
-2-Few flowers on occasional trees
Very light
-3-Few flowers on 25% of the trees
-4-Few flowers on 25% of the trees
Many flowers on occasional trees
Light
-5-Few flowers on 75% of the trees
-6-Many flowers on some trees
Few flowers on 75% of the trees
Medium
-7-Some flowers on all trees
-8-Many flowers
Heavy
on some trees
-
some flowers on all trees
-9-Many flowers on 75% of the trees
-
some flowers on all trees
-10-Many flowers on all trees
Wherever the terms, "none ," "very
light,"
{flight,"
appear they refer to the above classifications.
-1-
"medium"
or "heavy"
Douglas Fir
The flowering of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia) in western. Oregon.
is light with some moderate and heavy production in a few areas of very
limited extent.
Some heavy flowering was observed in the vicinity of the city
of Portland, the southwest and central portion of the Willamette Valley, soma,
near Vernonia in the northwest corner of the state, and some heavy flowering
in the north central Coast Range mountains.
Pollination and development of the cones in the lower elevations appear
to have progressed satisfactorily despite the continuing storms and heavy precipitation.
In the higher elevations the on-)en.ing of flower buds was retarded
by the unseasonal low temperatures until the latter part of P."ay.
The following is a detailed breakdown of the Douglas fir flowering by
quantity classes and survey units throughout the state.
(See attached map.-:)
,,b tern Oregon-
._Jaestern Oregon
Survey unit
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 12
Flower Rating
655 3!555 5
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
3
-
3
3
5
5
5
0
Western Hemlock
Although the small size of the flowers of Western hemlock (Tsuga heteroniay1Ta
makes accurate observations very difficult, an analysis of the data collected
indicates that there is a possibility of a good crop of hemlock seed this year,
Flowering in the Coast Range ranges from light to medium.
The low elevation
near the ocean and the high altitudes in the interior of the Coastal Mountains
appear to be more productive of Western hemlock flowers than any other areas
of the State with medium to heavy ratings.
The hemlocks in the Cascade
Mountains appear to have very light to a light flowering.
Sitka spruce
Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) was rated from light in the northern
portion of the state to heavy in the central portion of its range.
By mia--
May pollination was complete and many of the staminate flowers had fallen
from the trees,,
2 -
Shore Fine
The shore variety of lodgepole nine (Pinus contorta) has a medium showing
of flowers,
The crop of conlets resulting from last year's flowers is light.
Western Red Cedar
Throughout its range within the State the occurrence of flowering on
Western red cedar (Thuj.a plicata) is sporadic.
Medium and heavy flowering
were observed in Multnomah and in Clackamas counties.
Port Orford cedar
In April, a medium showing of flowers was observed on the Port Orford
Cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) near Port Orford and along the Sixes River,
The True Firs (Abies)
Only very light and light flowering were found on the true firs although
later development may produce some addi'ional flowering on these species in
the higher elevations.
Incense Cedar
Flowering of incense cedar (Libocedrus decurrens) was nonexistent in
most areas with an occasional area having a very light showing.
Ponderosa Pine
The flowering of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) is generally light
throughout the pine legion.
Two localities, the upper Grand Ronde drainage
and the Powder River-Burnt River Divide, produced a medium showing of flowers.
A few localities along the east slope of the northern portion of the Cascades
have a medium crop of one-year cones which will mature this year.
The prospect
is for a light cone crop this fall throughout the balance of the State.
Lodgepole Pine
The inland variety of Lodgepole pine (Pinus contort) has a medium showing
of flowers throughout its range.
The crop of one-year old cones is light.
Other Species (Flower production only)
Testern White Pine (Pinus monticola) - very light
Western juniper (Juniperous occidentalis) - Medium to heavy
Engleman spruce (Picea Engelmannii) - very light
-3-
Ncio,,lRrrer
CONE CROP SURVEY MAP
Showing Unit Boundaries and Numbers
vrZJ1'J olftiz DVxnL yr rulln)ln.i
US 97
U. S. H
0 State Hi
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