1200 MHz to 3600 MHz Rx Mixer with Integrated Fractional-N PLL and VCO ADRF6604 Data Sheet FEATURES The PLL can support input reference frequencies from 12 MHz to 160 MHz. The PFD output controls a charge pump whose output drives an off-chip loop filter. Rx mixer with integrated fractional-N PLL RF input frequency range: 1200 MHz to 3600 MHz Internal LO frequency range: 2500 MHz to 2900 MHz Input P1dB: 14.5 dBm Input IP3: 27.5 dBm IIP3 optimization via external pin SSB noise figure IP3SET pin open: 14.3 dB IP3SET pin at 3.3 V: 15.5 dB Voltage conversion gain: 6.8 dB Matched 200 Ω IF output impedance IF 3 dB bandwidth: 500 MHz Programmable via 3-wire SPI interface 40-lead, 6 mm × 6 mm LFCSP The loop filter output is then applied to an integrated VCO. The VCO output at 2 × fLO is applied to an LO divider, as well as to a programmable PLL divider. The programmable PLL divider is controlled by a sigma-delta (Σ-Δ) modulator (SDM). The modulus of the SDM can be programmed from 1 to 2047. The active mixer converts the single-ended, 50 Ω RF input to a differential, 200 Ω IF output. The IF output can operate up to 500 MHz. The ADRF6604 is fabricated using an advanced silicon-germanium BiCMOS process. It is available in a 40-lead, RoHS-compliant, 6 mm × 6 mm LFCSP with an exposed paddle. Performance is specified over the −40°C to +85°C temperature range. APPLICATIONS Table 1. Cellular base stations GENERAL DESCRIPTION Part No. ADRF6601 The ADRF6604 is a high dynamic range active mixer with integrated phase-locked loop (PLL) and voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The PLL/synthesizer uses a fractional-N PLL to generate a fLO input to the mixer. The reference input can be divided or multiplied and then applied to the PLL phase frequency detector (PFD). ADRF6602 ADRF6603 ADRF6604 Internal LO Range 750 MHz 1160 MHz 1550 MHz 2150 MHz 2100 MHz 2600 MHz 2500 MHz 2900 MHz ±3 dB RFIN Balun Range 300 MHz 2500 MHz 1000 MHz 3100 MHz 1100 MHz 3200 MHz 1200 MHz 3600 MHz ±1 dB RFIN Balun Range 450 MHz 1600 MHz 1350 MHz 2750 MHz 1450 MHz 2850 MHz 1600 MHz 3200 MHz FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC1 VCC2 VCC_LO VCC_MIX VCC_V2I VCC_LO 1 10 17 22 27 34 NC NC 32 LODRV_EN 36 ADRF6604 INTERNAL LO RANGE 2500MHz TO 2900MHz LON 37 BUFFER LOP 38 BUFFER PLL_EN 16 FRACTION MODULUS REG CLK 13 SPI INTERFACE LE 14 2:1 MUX INTEGER REG REF_IN 6 ÷2 ÷4 N COUNTER 21 TO 123 MUX TEMP SENSOR 7 DECL3P3 2.5V LDO 9 DECL2P5 VCO LDO 40 DECLVCO VCO CORE PRESCALER ÷2 29 IP3SET CHARGE PUMP 250µA, 500µA (DEFAULT), 750µA, 1000µA – PHASE + FREQUENCY DETECTOR MUXOUT 8 4 2 26 RF IN THIRD-ORDER FRACTIONAL INTERPOLATOR ×2 DIV BY 2, 1 3.3V LDO 11 15 20 21 23 24 25 28 30 31 35 5 RSET GND 3 39 18 19 CP VTUNE IFP IFN 08553-001 DATA 12 33 Figure 1. Rev. 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Technical Support www.analog.com ADRF6604 Data Sheet TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 RF Specifications .......................................................................... 3 Synthesizer/PLL Specifications ................................................... 4 Register 3—Σ-Δ Modulator Dither Control (Default: 0x10000B) ................................................................... 17 Register 4—PLL Charge Pump, PFD, and Reference Path Control (Default: 0x0AA7E4)................................................... 18 Register 5—PLL Enable and LO Path Control (Default: 0x0000E5) ................................................................... 19 Register 6—VCO Control and VCO Enable (Default: 0x1E2106) ................................................................... 19 Logic Input and Power Specifications ....................................... 4 Register 7—Mixer Bias Enable and External VCO Enable (Default: 0x000007).................................................................... 19 Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 5 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 20 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 6 Programming the ADRF6604................................................... 20 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 6 Initialization Sequence .............................................................. 20 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 7 LO Selection Logic ..................................................................... 21 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 9 Applications Information .............................................................. 22 RF Frequency Sweep .................................................................... 9 Basic Connections for Operation ............................................. 22 IF Frequency Sweep ................................................................... 10 AC Test Fixture ............................................................................... 23 Spurious Performance................................................................ 15 Evaluation Board ............................................................................ 24 Register Structure ........................................................................... 16 Evaluation Board Control Software ......................................... 24 Register 0—Integer Divide Control (Default: 0x0001C0)..... 16 Schematic and Artwork ............................................................. 26 Register 1—Modulus Divide Control (Default: 0x003001) ........ 16 Evaluation Board Configuration Options ............................... 28 Register 2—Fractional Divide Control (Default: 0x001802) ...... 17 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 29 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 29 REVISION HISTORY 6/10—Revision 0: Initial Version 1/14—Rev. A to Rev. B Change to Product Title ................................................................... 1 Updated Outline Dimensions (Lead-to-Pad Dimension)......... 29 5/11—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Features and General Description Sections.............. 1 Changes to Table 2 ............................................................................ 3 Changes to Synthesizer Specifications Parameter and to Phase Noise Parameter, Table 3 ............................................................. 4 Changes to Power Supplies Parameter, Table 4 ............................ 4 Replaced Typical Performance Characteristics Section; Renumbered Sequentially ........................................................... 9 Added Spurious Performance Section ......................................... 15 Change to Figure 41 ....................................................................... 17 Changes to Figure 42 ...................................................................... 18 Changes to Theory of Operation Section .................................... 20 Changes to Figure 46 ...................................................................... 22 Added AC Test Fixture Section and Figure 47 ........................... 23 Changes to Evaluation Board Control Software Section and Figure 48 ...................................................................................... 24 Changes to Figure 49 ...................................................................... 25 Rev. B | Page 2 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 SPECIFICATIONS RF SPECIFICATIONS VS = 5 V, ambient temperature (TA) = 25°C, fREF = 153.6 MHz, fPFD = 38.4 MHz, high-side LO injection, fIF = 140 MHz, IIP3 optimized using CDAC = 0xC and IP3SET = 3.3 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter INTERNAL LO FREQUENCY RANGE RF INPUT FREQUENCY RANGE RF INPUT AT 2360 MHz Input Return Loss Input P1dB Second-Order Intercept (IIP2) Third-Order Intercept (IIP3) Single-Sideband Noise Figure LO-to-IF Leakage RF INPUT AT 2560 MHz Input Return Loss Input P1dB Second-Order Intercept (IIP2) Third-Order Intercept (IIP3) Single-Sideband Noise Figure LO-to-IF Leakage RF INPUT AT 2760 MHz Input Return Loss Input P1dB Second-Order Intercept (IIP2) Third-Order Intercept (IIP3) Single-Sideband Noise Figure LO-to-IF Leakage IF OUTPUT Voltage Conversion Gain IF Bandwidth Output Common-Mode Voltage Gain Flatness Gain Variation Output Swing Output Return Loss LO INPUT/OUTPUT (LOP, LON) Frequency Range Output Level (LO as Output) Input Level (LO as Input) Input Impedance Test Conditions/Comments ±3 dB RF input range Min 2500 1200 Relative to 50 Ω (can be improved with external match) −5 dBm each tone (10 MHz spacing between tones) −5 dBm each tone (10 MHz spacing between tones) IP3SET = 3.3 V IP3SET = open At 1× LO frequency, 50 Ω termination at the RF port Relative to 50 Ω (can be improved with external match) −5 dBm each tone (10 MHz spacing between tones) −5 dBm each tone (10 MHz spacing between tones) IP3SET = 3.3 V IP3SET = open At 1× LO frequency, 50 Ω termination at the RF port Relative to 50 Ω (can be improved with external match) −5 dBm each tone (10 MHz spacing between tones) −5 dBm each tone (10 MHz spacing between tones) IP3SET = 3.3 V IP3SET = open At 1× LO frequency, 50 Ω termination at the RF port Differential 200 Ω load Small signal 3 dB bandwidth External pull-up balun or inductors required Over frequency range, any 5 MHz/50 MHz Over full temperature range Differential 200 Ω load Relative to 200 Ω Externally applied 1× LO input, internal PLL disabled Typ −6 Rev. B | Page 3 of 32 Unit MHz MHz −16.2 14.6 54.5 28 14.8 13.9 −43 dB dBm dBm dBm dB dB dBm −21 14.5 58.2 27.6 14.9 14.2 −42 dB dBm dBm dBm dB dB dBm −20 14.4 64.4 27 15.5 14.6 −44 dB dBm dBm dBm dB dB dBm 6.8 500 5 0.2/0.5 1.3 2 −15 dB MHz V dB dB V p-p dB 250 1× LO into a 50 Ω load, LO output buffer enabled Max 2900 3600 6000 −9 0 50 +6 MHz dBm dBm Ω ADRF6604 Data Sheet SYNTHESIZER/PLL SPECIFICATIONS VS = 5 V, ambient temperature (TA) = 25°C, fREF = 153.6 MHz, fREF power = 4 dBm, fPFD = 38.4 MHz, high-side LO injection, fIF = 140 MHz, IIP3 optimized using CDAC = 0xC and IP3SET = 3.3 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 3. Parameter SYNTHESIZER SPECIFICATIONS Frequency Range Figure of Merit 1 Reference Spurs PHASE NOISE Integrated Phase Noise PFD Frequency REFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS REF_IN Input Frequency REF_IN Input Capacitance MUXOUT Output Level MUXOUT Duty Cycle CHARGE PUMP Pump Current Output Compliance Range 1 Test Conditions/Comments Synthesizer specifications referenced to 1× LO Internally generated LO PREF_IN = 0 dBm fPFD = 38.4 MHz fPFD/4 fPFD >fPFD fLO = 2500 MHz to 2900 MHz, fPFD = 38.4 MHz 1 kHz to 10 kHz offset 100 kHz offset 500 kHz offset 1 MHz offset 5 MHz offset 10 MHz offset 20 MHz offset 1 kHz to 40 MHz integration bandwidth Min Typ Max Unit 2900 −221.4 MHz dBc/Hz/Hz −107 −82 −80 dBc dBc dBc −87.7 −96 −117 −126 −142 −148 −150 0.69 dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz dBc/Hz °rms MHz 2500 20 40 REF_IN, MUXOUT pins 12 160 4 VOL (lock detect output selected) VOH (lock detect output selected) 0.25 2.7 50 Programmable to 250 µA, 500 µA, 750 µA, 1 mA 500 1 MHz pF V V % µA V 2.8 The figure of merit (FOM) is computed as phase noise (dBc/Hz) – 10 log 10(fPFD) – 20 log 10(fLO/fPFD). The FOM was measured across the full LO range, with fREF = 80 MHz, and fREF power = 10 dBm (500 V/µs slew rate) with a 40 MHz fPFD. The FOM was computed at 50 kHz offset. LOGIC INPUT AND POWER SPECIFICATIONS VS = 5 V, ambient temperature (TA) = 25°C, fREF = 153.6 MHz, fPFD = 38.4 MHz, high-side LO injection, fIF = 140 MHz, IIP3 optimized using CDAC = 0xC and IP3SET = 3.3 V, unless otherwise noted. Table 4. Parameter LOGIC INPUTS Input High Voltage, VINH Input Low Voltage, VINL Input Current, IINH/IINL Input Capacitance, CIN POWER SUPPLIES Voltage Range Supply Current Test Conditions/Comments CLK, DATA, LE Min Typ 1.4 0 Max Unit 3.3 0.7 V V µA pF 5.25 V mA mA mA mA mA 0.1 5 VCC1, VCC2, VCC_LO, VCC_MIX, and VCC_V2I pins 4.75 PLL only External LO mode (internal PLL disabled, IP3SET pin = 3.3 V, LO output buffer off) Internal LO mode (internal PLL enabled, IP3SET pin = 3.3 V, LO output buffer on) Internal LO mode (internal PLL enabled, IP3SET pin = 3.3 V, LO output buffer off) Power-down mode Rev. B | Page 4 of 32 5 96 164 274 260 30 Data Sheet ADRF6604 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS VCC2 = 5 V ± 5%. Table 5. Parameter t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 Limit 20 10 10 25 25 10 20 Unit ns min ns min ns min ns min ns min ns min ns min Description LE setup time DATA-to-CLK setup time DATA-to-CLK hold time CLK high duration CLK low duration CLK-to-LE setup time LE pulse width Timing Diagram t4 t5 CLK t2 DATA DB23 (MSB) t3 DB22 DB2 (CONTROL BIT C3) DB1 (CONTROL BIT C2) t1 DB0 (LSB) (CONTROL BIT C1) t7 08553-002 t6 LE Figure 2. Timing Diagram Rev. B | Page 5 of 32 ADRF6604 Data Sheet ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 6. Parameter Supply Voltage, VCC1, VCC2, VCC_LO, VCC_MIX, VCC_V2I Digital I/O, CLK, DATA, LE, LODRV_EN, PLL_EN VTUNE IFP, IFN RFIN LOP, LON, REF_IN θJA (Exposed Paddle Soldered Down) Maximum Junction Temperature Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Rating −0.5 V to +5.5 V −0.3 V to +3.6 V 0 V to 3.3 V −0.3 V to VCC_V2I + 0.3 V 16 dBm 13 dBm 35°C/W 150°C −40°C to +85°C −65°C to +150°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD CAUTION Rev. B | Page 6 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 DECLVCO VTUNE LOP LON LODRV_EN GND VCC_LO NC NC GND PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 PIN 1 INDICATOR ADRF6604 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 GND IP3SET GND VCC_V2I RFIN GND GND GND VCC_MIX GND NOTES 1. NC = NO CONNECT. DO NOT CONNECT TO THIS PIN. 2. THE EXPOSED PADDLE SHOULD BE SOLDERED TO A LOW IMPEDANCE GROUND PLANE. 08553-003 GND DATA CLK LE GND PLL_EN VCC_LO IFP IFN GND 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 VCC1 DECL3P3 CP GND RSET REF_IN GND MUXOUT DECL2P5 VCC2 Figure 3. Pin Configuration Table 7. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 Mnemonic VCC1 2 3 4, 7, 11, 15, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 28, 30, 31, 35 5 DECL3P3 CP GND RSET Description Power Supply for the 3.3 V LDO. Power supply voltage range is 4.75 V to 5.25 V. Each power supply pin should be decoupled with a 100 pF capacitor and a 0.1 µF capacitor located close to the pin. Decoupling Node for 3.3 V LDO. Connect a 0.1 µF capacitor between this pin and ground. Charge Pump Output Pin. Connect to VTUNE through the loop filter. Ground. Connect these pins to a low impedance ground plane. Charge Pump Current. The nominal charge pump current can be set to 250 µA, 500 µA, 750 µA, or 1 mA using Bit DB11 and Bit DB10 in Register 4 and by setting Bit DB18 in Register 4 to 0 (internal reference current). In this mode, no external RSET is required. If Bit DB18 is set to 1, the four nominal charge pump currents (INOMINAL) can be externally adjusted according to the following equation: 217.4 × I CP R SET = I NOMINAL 6 REF_IN 8 MUXOUT 9 10 DECL2P5 VCC2 12 13 DATA CLK 14 LE 16 PLL_EN 17, 34 VCC_LO 18, 19 IFP, IFN − 37.8 Ω Reference Input. Nominal input level is 1 V p-p. Input range is 12 MHz to 160 MHz. This pin is internally dcbiased and should be ac-coupled. Multiplexer Output. This output can be programmed to provide the reference output signal or the lock detect signal. The output is selected by programming the appropriate register. Decoupling Node for 2.5 V LDO. Connect a 0.1 µF capacitor between this pin and ground. Power Supply for the 2.5 V LDO. Power supply voltage range is 4.75 V to 5.25 V. Each power supply pin should be decoupled with a 100 pF capacitor and a 0.1 µF capacitor located close to the pin. Serial Data Input. The serial data input is loaded MSB first; the three LSBs are the control bits. Serial Clock Input. The serial clock input is used to clock in the serial data to the registers. The data is latched into the 24-bit shift register on the CLK rising edge. The maximum clock frequency is 20 MHz. Load Enable. When the LE input pin goes high, the data stored in the shift register is loaded into one of the eight registers. The relevant latch is selected by the three control bits of the 24-bit word. PLL Enable. Switch between internal PLL and external LO input. When this pin is logic high, the mixer LO is automatically switched to the internal PLL and the internal PLL is powered up. When this pin is logic low, the internal PLL is powered down and the external LO input is routed to the mixer LO inputs. The SPI can also be used to switch modes. Power Supply. Power supply voltage range is 4.75 V to 5.25 V. Each power supply pin should be decoupled with a 100 pF capacitor and a 0.1 µF capacitor located close to the pin. Mixer IF Outputs. These outputs should be pulled to VCC_MIX with RF chokes. Rev. B | Page 7 of 32 ADRF6604 Data Sheet Pin No. 22 Mnemonic VCC_MIX 26 27 RFIN VCC_V2I 29 32, 33 36 IP3SET NC LODRV_EN 37, 38 LON, LOP 39 VTUNE 40 DECLVCO EPAD Description Power Supply. Power supply voltage range is 4.75 V to 5.25 V. Each power supply pin should be decoupled with a 100 pF capacitor and a 0.1 µF capacitor located close to the pin. RF Input. Single-ended, 50 Ω. Power Supply. Power supply voltage range is 4.75 V to 5.25 V. Each power supply pin should be decoupled with a 100 pF capacitor and a 0.1 µF capacitor located close to the pin. Connect a resistor from this pin to a 5 V supply to adjust IIP3. Normally leave open. NC = No Connect. Do not connect to this pin. LO Driver Enable. Together with Pin 16 (PLL_EN), this digital input pin determines whether the LOP and LON pins operate as inputs or outputs. LOP and LON become inputs if the PLL_EN pin is low or if the PLL_EN pin is set high with the PLEN bit (DB6 in Register 5) set to 0. LOP and LON become outputs if either the LODRV_EN pin or the LDRV bit (DB3 in Register 5) is set to 1 while the PLL_EN pin is set high. The external LO drive frequency must be 1× LO. This pin has an internal 100 kΩ pull-down resistor. Local Oscillator Input/Output. The internally generated 1× LO is available on these pins. When internal LO generation is disabled, an external 1× LO can be applied to these pins. VCO Control Voltage Input. This pin is driven by the output of the loop filter. The nominal input voltage range on this pin is 1.5 V to 2.5 V. Decoupling Node for VCO LDO. Connect a 100 pF capacitor and a 10 µF capacitor between this pin and ground. Exposed Paddle. The exposed paddle should be soldered to a low impedance ground plane. Rev. B | Page 8 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS RF FREQUENCY SWEEP CDAC = 0xC, internally generated high-side LO, RFIN = −5 dBm, fIF = 140 MHz, unless otherwise noted. 5 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 34 33 31 INPUT IP3 (dBm) GAIN (dB) 2 1 0 –1 –2 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 –3 23 22 –4 2460 2510 2560 2610 2660 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2710 2760 08553-104 2410 21 20 2360 2410 2460 2510 2560 2610 2660 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2710 2760 Figure 7. Input IP3 vs. RF Frequency Figure 4. Gain vs. RF Frequency 18 90 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 17 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 16 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 80 INPUT IP2 (dBm) TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 32 3 –5 2360 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 08553-107 4 35 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 70 60 50 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 15 14 13 12 11 10 40 2460 2510 2560 2610 2660 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2710 2760 8 2360 08553-105 2410 Figure 5. Input IP2 vs. RF Frequency 18 14 12 10 8 6 0 2360 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 2410 2460 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 2510 2560 2610 2660 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2710 2760 08553-106 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 16 2 2460 2510 2560 2610 2660 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 8. Input P1dB vs. RF Frequency 20 4 2410 Figure 6. Noise Figure vs. RF Frequency Rev. B | Page 9 of 32 2710 2760 08553-108 9 30 2360 ADRF6604 Data Sheet IF FREQUENCY SWEEP CDAC = 0xC, internally generated swept low-side LO, fRF = 2490 MHz, RFIN = −5 dBm, unless otherwise noted. 5 45 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 4 3 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 40 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 35 INPUT IP3 (dBm) GAIN (dB) 2 1 0 –1 30 25 20 –2 15 –3 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 5 25 50 08553-109 –5 25 50 Figure 9. Gain vs. IF Frequency Figure 12. Input IP3 vs. IF Frequency, RFIN = −5 dBm 90 20 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 18 16 70 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 60 50 14 12 10 8 6 4 40 2 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 25 50 08553-110 30 25 50 Figure 10. Input IP2 vs. IF Frequency, RFIN = −5 dBm 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 0 25 50 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 08553-111 2 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 13. Input P1dB vs. IF Frequency 20 4 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V Figure 11. Noise Figure vs. IF Frequency Rev. B | Page 10 of 32 08553-113 INPUT IP2 (dBm) 80 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 08553-112 10 –4 Data Sheet ADRF6604 0 0 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V –10 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C –1 –2 –3 –15 –4 RETURN LOSS (dB) –20 –25 –30 –35 –40 –45 –9 –10 –11 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 3000 3100 Figure 17. LO Input Return Loss vs. LO Frequency (Including TC1-1-13 Balun) 350 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 08553-117 2600 –20 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 3.5 300 –40 –45 –50 –55 –60 –65 –70 3.0 RESISTANCE –35 RESISTANCE (Ω) LO-TO-RF LEAKAGE (dBm) –8 –14 –15 2300 08553-114 2550 Figure 14. LO-to-IF Feedthrough vs. LO Frequency, LO Output Turned Off, CDAC = 0xC –30 –7 –13 –55 –25 –6 –12 –50 –60 2500 –5 250 2.5 200 2.0 CAPACITANCE 150 1.5 100 1.0 50 0.5 CAPACITANCE (pF) LO-TO-IF FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) –5 –75 –80 –85 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 0 50 Figure 15. LO-to-RF Leakage vs. LO Frequency, LO Output Turned Off 150 200 250 300 350 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 400 450 0 500 Figure 18. IF Differential Output Impedance (R Parallel, C Equivalent) 0 35 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V –5 30 –10 NOISE FIGURE (dB) –15 –20 –25 –30 –35 –40 25 20 15 –50 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 3000 3100 Figure 16. RF Input Return Loss vs. RF Frequency 10 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 CW BLOCKER LEVEL (dBm) –10 0 Figure 19. SSB Noise Figure vs. 5 MHz Offset CW Blocker Level, LO Frequency = 2500 MHz, RF Frequency = 2358 MHz Rev. B | Page 11 of 32 08553-119 –45 08553-116 RETURN LOSS (dB) 100 08553-118 2550 08553-115 –90 2500 ADRF6604 Data Sheet 0 5.0 –5 4.5 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 4.0 VTUNE VOLTAGE (V) –15 –20 –25 –30 –35 –40 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 –45 –55 –60 2160 2260 2360 2460 2560 2660 2760 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2860 0.5 2960 0 2500 2550 Figure 20. RF-to-IF Isolation vs. RF Frequency, High-Side LO, IF = 140 MHz, LO Output Turned Off 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 Figure 23. VTUNE vs. LO Frequency 0 350 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V –1 –2 –3 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 300 –4 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) LO OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (dBm) 2600 08553-123 –50 1.0 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 08553-120 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dBc) –10 –5 –6 –7 –8 –9 –10 –11 250 200 150 –12 2550 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 100 2500 08553-121 –14 –15 2500 Figure 21. LO Output Amplitude vs. LO Frequency 2.5 2.4 20 2.3 15 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 2.2 2.1 VPTAT VOLTAGE (V) 10 5 0 –5 –10 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 –15 0 50 100 150 TIME (µs) 200 250 1.1 1.0 –55 Figure 22. Frequency Deviation from 2500 MHz vs. Time (Demonstrates LO Frequency Settling Time from 2490 MHz to 2500 MHz) –35 –15 5 25 45 TEMPERATURE (°C) 65 85 105 08553-125 1.2 –20 08553-122 FREQUENCY DEVIATION FROM 2500MHz (MHz) 2600 Figure 24. Supply Current vs. LO Frequency 25 –25 2550 08553-124 –13 Figure 25. VPTAT Voltage vs. Temperature (IP3SET = Optimized, Open) Rev. B | Page 12 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 Complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF), fRF = 2360 MHz, fIF = 140 MHz. 100 100 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 80 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 70 60 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 90 DISTRIBUTION PERCENTAGE (%) 50 40 30 20 80 70 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 60 50 40 30 20 0 0.5 1.0 GAIN (dB) 1.5 2.0 0 22 08553-126 0 –0.5 23 24 Figure 26. Gain DISTRIBUTION PERCENTAGE (%) 60 50 40 30 20 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 0 45 50 55 60 65 INPUT IP2 (dBm) 70 80 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 75 0 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 INPUT P1dB (dBm) Figure 27. Input IP2 Figure 30. Input P1dB 100 100 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 80 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 90 DISTRIBUTION PERCENTAGE (%) IP3SET = OPEN 90 08553-130 10 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 80 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 18 19 20 0 –50 08553-128 DISTRIBUTION PERCENTAGE (%) 30 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 90 70 0 10 29 100 IP3SET = OPEN IP3SET = 3.3V 08553-127 DISTRIBUTION PERCENTAGE (%) 80 28 Figure 29. Input IP3 100 90 25 26 27 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 08553-129 10 10 –48 –46 –44 –42 –40 LO FEEDTHROUGH TO IF (dBm) –38 Figure 31. LO Feedthrough to IF, LO Output Turned Off Figure 28. Noise Figure Rev. B | Page 13 of 32 –36 08553-131 DISTRIBUTION PERCENTAGE (%) 90 ADRF6604 Data Sheet Measured at IF output, CDAC = 0xC, IP3SET = open, internally generated high-side LO, fREF = 153.6 MHz, fPFD = 38.4 MHz, RFIN = −5 dBm, fIF = 140 MHz, unless otherwise noted. Phase noise measurements made at LO output, unless otherwise noted. 1.0 –70 LO FREQUENCY = 2883.2MHz –100 LO FREQUENCY = 2537.6MHz –120 –130 –140 –150 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 10M 100M OFFSET FREQUENCY (Hz) 0 2500 08553-132 1M 1G Figure 32. Phase Noise vs. Offset Frequency –80 –75 –90 PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) –90 –95 OFFSET AT 2× PFD OFFSET AT 4× PFD –100 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 2550 2600 –100 2850 2900 OFFSET = 100kHz –110 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C –120 –130 OFFSET = 5MHz –140 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 –150 2500 08553-133 SPURS LEVEL (dBc) –85 Figure 33. PLL Reference Spurs vs. LO Frequency (2× PFD and 4× PFD) 2550 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 Figure 36. Phase Noise vs. LO Frequency (1 kHz, 100 kHz, and 5 MHz Steps) –70 –75 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) OFFSET = 1kHz –80 –110 2500 2600 Figure 35. Integrated Phase Noise vs. LO Frequency –70 –105 2550 08553-135 0.1 –160 1k 08553-136 PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) –90 –110 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C 0.9 INTEGRATED PHASE NOISE (° rms) –80 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C –80 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C OFFSET AT 3× PFD OFFSET AT 1× PFD –85 –90 OFFSET = 10kHz PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz) SPURS LEVEL (dBc) –80 –85 –90 –95 –95 –100 –105 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C TA = –40°C –110 –115 –100 –120 2550 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 08553-134 –110 2500 OFFSET = 1MHz –125 Figure 34. PLL Reference Spurs vs. LO Frequency (0.25× PFD, 1× PFD, and 3× PFD) Rev. B | Page 14 of 32 –130 2500 2550 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 2850 2900 Figure 37. Phase Noise vs. LO Frequency (10 kHz, 1 MHz Steps) 08553-137 OFFSET AT 0.25× PFD –105 Data Sheet ADRF6604 SPURIOUS PERFORMANCE (N × fRF) − (M × fLO) spur measurements were made using the standard evaluation board (see the Evaluation Board section). Mixer spurious products were measured in decibels relative to the carrier (dBc) from the IF output power level. All spurious components greater than −125 dBc are shown. LO = 2500 MHz, RF = 2360 MHz (horizontal axis is M, vertical axis is N), and RFIN power = 0 dBm. N 0 -115.19 −23.6708 −63.4281 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 −43.0184 0.0 −65.1191 −83.6746 M 2 −33.3455 −67.1671 −61.1065 −86.8944 −108.708 3 −47.1921 −79.8957 −58.5001 −104.041 −110.825 4 −80.0324 −105.514 −108.518 −113.19 −108.548 LO = 2700 MHz, RF = 2560 MHz (horizontal axis is M, vertical axis is N), and RFIN power = 0 dBm. N 0 −114.804 −22.6289 −61.2522 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 −42.7987 0.0 −66.5602 −84.4436 M 2 −31.9174 −65.0063 −57.5224 −82.5056 −108.087 3 −48.5279 −77.0905 −56.9437 −98.5103 −110.572 4 −76.8305 −98.8811 −99.2295 −113.601 −109.829 LO = 2900 MHz, RF = 2760 MHz (horizontal axis is M, vertical axis is N), and RFIN power = 0 dBm. N 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 −114.956 −22.092 −60.2824 1 −44.0336 0.0 −69.8043 −85.957 M 2 −31.2423 −62.6978 −56.7826 −80.7407 −108.949 Rev. B | Page 15 of 32 3 −48.9358 −73.218 −56.7503 −100.938 −110.193 4 −105.061 −100.159 −111.146 −111.428 ADRF6604 Data Sheet REGISTER STRUCTURE This section provides the register maps for the ADRF6604. The three LSBs determine the register that is programmed. REGISTER 0—INTEGER DIVIDE CONTROL (DEFAULT: 0x0001C0) DIVIDE MODE DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 INTEGER DIVIDE RATIO CONTROL BITS DB10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DM ID6 ID5 ID4 ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0 C3(0) C2(0) C1(0) 0 0 DM DIVIDE MODE 0 FRACTIONAL (DEFAULT) 1 INTEGER DB1 ID6 ID5 ID4 ID3 ID2 ID1 ID0 INTEGER DIVIDE RATIO 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 21 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 22 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 23 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 24 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 56 (DEFAULT) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 119 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 120 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 121 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 122 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 123 (INTEGER MODE ONLY) DB0 08553-004 RESERVED Figure 38. Register 0—Integer Divide Control Register Map REGISTER 1—MODULUS DIVIDE CONTROL (DEFAULT: 0x003001) 0 0 0 0 0 0 CONTROL BITS MODULUS VALUE 0 0 0 0 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 MD10 MD9 MD6 MD5 MD4 MD3 MD2 MD1 MD0 C3(0) C2(0) C1(1) MD8 MD7 DB1 DB0 MD10 MD9 MD8 MD7 MD6 MD5 MD4 MD3 MD2 MD1 MD0 MODULUS VALUE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1536 (DEFAULT) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2047 Figure 39. Register 1—Modulus Divide Control Register Map Rev. B | Page 16 of 32 08553-005 RESERVED DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 Data Sheet ADRF6604 REGISTER 2—FRACTIONAL DIVIDE CONTROL (DEFAULT: 0x001802) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FD10 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 FD9 FD6 FD5 FD4 FD3 FD2 FD1 FD0 FD8 FD7 DB2 DB1 FD10 FD9 FD8 FD7 FD6 FD5 FD4 FD3 FD2 FD1 FD0 FRACTIONAL VALUE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 768 (DEFAULT) 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... DB0 C3(0) C2(1) C1(0) 08553-006 0 CONTROL BITS FRACTIONAL VALUE RESERVED DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 <MDR FRACTIONAL VALUE MUST BE LESS THAN MODULUS Figure 40. Register 2—Fractional Divide Control Register Map REGISTER 3—Σ-Δ MODULATOR DITHER CONTROL (DEFAULT: 0x10000B) DITHER MAGNITUDE DB21 DB22 DITH0 DITH1 DITHER DITHER RESTART VALUE CONTROL BITS ENABLE DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 DV16 DV15 DV14 DV13 DV12 DV11 DV10 DV9 DV8 DV7 DV6 DV5 DV4 DV3 DV2 DV1 DV0 C3(0) C2(1) C1(1) DEN DITH1 0 0 DITH0 0 1 DITHER MAGNITUDE 15 (DEFAULT) 7 1 0 3 1 1 1 (RECOMMENDED) DEN 0 1 DITHER ENABLE DISABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT, RECOMMENDED) DV16 DV15 DV14 DV13 DV12 DV11 DV10 DV9 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 DV8 DV7 DV6 DV5 DV4 DV3 DV2 DV1 DV0 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 0 ... ... 1 Figure 41. Register 3—Σ-Δ Modulator Dither Control Register Map Rev. B | Page 17 of 32 1 ... ... 1 DITHER RESTART VALUE 0x00001 (DEFAULT) ... ... 0x1FFFF 08553-007 DB23 0 ADRF6604 Data Sheet REGISTER 4—PLL CHARGE PUMP, PFD, AND REFERENCE PATH CONTROL (DEFAULT: 0x0AA7E4) REF OUTPUT MUX SELECT DB23 DB22 CP INPUT REF CURRENT REF PATH SOURCE DB21 DB20 DB19 RMS2 RMS1 RMS0 RS1 RS0 PFD POL PFD PHASE OFFSET MULTIPLIER CP CURRENT CP CP SRC CONTROL PFD ANTIBACKLASH DELAY PFD EDGE DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB7 DB6 DB5 CPM CPBD CPB4 CPB3 CPB2 CPB1 CPB0 CPP1 CPP0 CPS CPC1 CPC0 PE1 PE0 DB8 CONTROL BITS DB2 DB1 DB0 PAB1 PAB0 C3(1) C2(0) C1(0) DB4 DB3 PAB1 PAB0 PFD ANTIBACKLASH DELAY 0 0 1 1 PE1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0ns (DEFAULT) 0.5ns 0.75ns 0.9ns PE0 REFERENCE PATH EDGE SENSITIVITY 0 1 FALLING EDGE RISING EDGE (DEFAULT) DIVIDER PATH EDGE SENSITIVITY FALLING EDGE RISING EDGE (DEFAULT) CPC1 CPC0 CHARGE PUMP CONTROL 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 BOTH ON PUMP DOWN PUMP UP TRISTATE (DEFAULT) CPS CHARGE PUMP CONTROL SOURCE 0 1 CONTROL BASED ON STATE OF DB7 AND DB8 (CP CONTROL) CONTROL FROM PFD (DEFAULT) CPP1 CPP0 CHARGE PUMP CURRENT 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 250µA 500µA (DEFAULT) 750µA 1000µA CPB4 CPB3 CPB2 CPB1 CPB0 PFD PHASE OFFSET MULTIPLIER 0 0 0 0 1 1 CPM 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 CPBD PFD PHASE OFFSET POLARITY 0 1 NEGATIVE POSITIVE (DEFAULT) 0 × 22.5°/ICPMULT 1 × 22.5°/ICPMULT 6 × 22.5°/ICPMULT (RECOMMENDED) 10 × 22.5°/ICPMULT (DEFAULT) 16 × 22.5°/ICPMULT 31 × 22.5°/ICPMULT CHARGE PUMP CURRENT REFERENCE SOURCE INTERNAL (DEFAULT) EXTERNAL RS1 INPUT REFERENCE RS0 PATH SOURCE 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 × REFIN REFIN (DEFAULT) 0.5 × REFIN 0.25 × REFIN RMS2 RMS1 RMS0 REF OUTPUT MUX SELECT 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 LOCK DETECT (DEFAULT) VPTAT REF_IN (BUFFERED) 0.5 × REFIN (BUFFERED) 2 × REFIN (BUFFERED) TRISTATE RESERVED RESERVED 08553-008 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Figure 42. Register 4—PLL Charge Pump, PFD, and Reference Path Control Register Map Rev. B | Page 18 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 REGISTER 5—PLL ENABLE AND LO PATH CONTROL (DEFAULT: 0x0000E5) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CD3 0 CD2 CD1 CD0 LO DIV1 LO EXT DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 LDV2 PLEN LDV1 LXL DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 0 PLL EN LO DIV1 CAP DAC RESERVED LO DRV DB3 CONTROL BITS DB2 DB1 DB0 LDRV C3(1) C2(0) C1(1) CD3 CD2 CD1 CD0 CAPACITOR DAC CONTROL FOR IIP3 OPTIMIZATION LO OUTPUT DRIVER LDRV ENABLE 0 ... 1 0 ... 1 0 ... 1 0 ... 1 MIN ... MAX 0 1 DRIVER OFF (DEFAULT) DRIVER ON EXTERNAL LO DRIVE LXL ENABLE (PIN 37, PIN 38) INTERNAL LO OUTPUT (DEFAULT) EXTERNAL LO INPUT 0 1 DIVIDE-BY-2 OR 1 LDV1 DIVIDE-BY-2 IN LO CHAIN ENABLE 0 1 DIVIDE BY 1 DIVIDE BY 2 (DEFAULT) 0 1 DIVIDE BY 1 DIVIDE BY 2 (DEFAULT) PLEN PLL ENABLE 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT) 08553-009 LDV2 Figure 43. Register 5—PLL Enable and LO Path Control Register Map REGISTER 6—VCO CONTROL AND VCO ENABLE (DEFAULT: 0x1E2106) CHARGE 3.3V VCO PUMP LDO VCO LDO VCO ENABLE ENABLE ENABLE ENABLE SWITCH DB23 DB22 DB21 0 0 0 DB20 CPEN DB19 L3EN DB18 LVEN VCO AMPLITUDE DISABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT) L3EN 3.3V LDO ENABLE DISABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT) 0 1 LVEN 0 1 VCO BAND SELECT FROM SPI CONTROL BITS DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 VCO EN VCO SW VC5 VC4 VC3 VC2 VC1 VC0 VBSRC VBS5 VBS4 VBS3 VBS2 VBS1 VBS0 C3(1) C2(1) C1(0) CPEN CHARGE PUMP ENABLE 0 1 VCO BW SW CTRL VC[5:0] VCO AMPLITUDE VBS[5:0] 0x00 …. 0x18 …. 0x2B …. 0x3F 0x00 0x01 …. 0x20 …. 0x3F 0 …. 24 (DEFAULT) …. 43 …. 63 (RECOMMENDED) VCO BAND SELECT FROM SPI DEFAULT VBSRC VCO BW CAL AND SW SOURCE CONTROL VCO LDO ENABLE DISABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT) VCO SW VCO SWITCH CONTROL FROM SPI 0 1 REGULAR (DEFAULT) BAND CAL VCO EN VCO ENABLE 0 1 DISABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT) 0 1 BAND CAL (DEFAULT) SPI 08553-010 RESERVED Figure 44. Register 6—VCO Control and VCO Enable Register Map REGISTER 7—MIXER BIAS ENABLE AND EXTERNAL VCO ENABLE (DEFAULT: 0x000007) RES MIXER XVCO B_EN RESERVED DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB9 DB8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 XVCO MBE CONTROL BITS DB7 DB6 DB5 0 0 0 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 0 0 C3(1) C2(1) C1(1) MBE MIXER BIAS ENABLE ENABLE (DEFAULT) 0 DISABLE 1 EXTERNAL VCO INTERNAL VCO (DEFAULT) EXTERNAL VCO 08553-011 XVCO 0 1 Figure 45. Register 7—Mixer Bias Enable and External VCO Enable Register Map Rev. B | Page 19 of 32 ADRF6604 Data Sheet THEORY OF OPERATION The ADRF6604 integrates a high performance downconverting mixer with a state-of-the-art fractional-N PLL. The PLL also integrates a low noise VCO. The SPI port allows the user to control the fractional-N PLL functions and the mixer optimization functions, as well as allowing for an externally applied LO or VCO. The mixer core within the ADRF6604 is the next generation of an industry-leading family of mixers from Analog Devices, Inc. The RF input is converted to a current and then mixed down to IF using high performance NPN transistors. The mixer output currents are transformed to a differential output. The high performance active mixer core results in an exceptional IIP3 and IP1dB with a very low output noise floor for excellent dynamic range. Over the specified frequency range, the ADRF6604 typically provides IF input P1dB of 14.5 dBm and IIP3 of 27.5 dBm. Improved performance at specific frequencies can be achieved with the use of the internal capacitor DAC (CDAC), which is programmable via the SPI port, and by using a resistor to a 5 V supply from the IP3SET pin (Pin 29). Adjustment of the capacitor DAC allows increments in phase shift at internal nodes in the ADRF6604, thus allowing cancellation of third-order distortion with no change in supply current. Connecting a resistor to a 5 V supply from the IP3SET pin increases the internal mixer core current, thereby improving overall IIP2 and IIP3, as well as IP1dB. Using the IP3SET pin for this purpose increases the overall supply current. The fractional divide function of the PLL allows the frequency multiplication value from REF_IN to LO output to be a fractional value rather than to be restricted to an integer value as in traditional PLLs. In operation, this multiplication value is INT + (FRAC/MOD) where: INT is the integer value. FRAC is the fractional value. MOD is the modulus value. Table 8. ADRF6604 Register Functions Register Register 0 Register 1 Register 2 Register 3 Register 4 Register 5 Register 6 Register 7 Function Integer divide control for the PLL Modulus divide control for the PLL Fractional divide control for the PLL Σ-Δ modulator dither control PLL charge pump, PFD, reference path control PLL enable and LO path control VCO control and VCO enable Mixer bias enable and external VCO enable Note that internal calibration for the PLL must be run when the ADRF6604 is initialized at a given frequency. This calibration is run automatically whenever Register 0, Register 1, or Register 2 is programmed. Because the other registers affect PLL performance, Register 0, Register 1, and Register 2 should always be programmed last and in the following order: Register 0, Register 1, Register 2. To program the frequency of the ADRF6604, the user typically programs only Register 0, Register 1, and Register 2. However, if registers other than these are programmed first, a short delay should be inserted before programming Register 0. This delay ensures that the VCO band calibration has sufficient time to complete before the final band calibration for Register 0 is initiated. Software is available on the ADRF6604 product page under the Evaluation Boards & Kits section that allows easy programming from a PC running Windows® XP or Vista. INITIALIZATION SEQUENCE To ensure proper power-up of the ADRF6604, it is important to reset the PLL circuitry after the VCC supply rail settles to 5 V ± 0.25 V. Resetting the PLL ensures that the internal bias cells are properly configured, even under poor supply start-up conditions. To ensure that the PLL is reset after power-up, use the following procedure: The INT, FRAC, and MOD values are all programmable via the SPI port. In other fractional-N PLL designs, fractional multiplication is achieved by periodically changing the fractional value in a deterministic way. The disadvantage of this approach is that there are often spurious components close to the fundamental signal. In the ADRF6604, a Σ-Δ modulator is used to distribute the fractional value randomly, thus significantly reducing the spurious content due to the fractional function. PROGRAMMING THE ADRF6604 1. 2. Disable the PLL by setting the PLEN bit to 0 (Register 5, Bit DB6). After a delay of >100 ms, set the PLEN bit to 1 (Register 5, Bit DB6). After this procedure is completed, the other registers should be programmed in the following order: Register 7, Register 6, Register 4, Register 3, Register 2, Register 1. Then, after a delay of >100 ms, Register 0 should be programmed. The ADRF6604 is programmed via a 3-pin SPI port. The timing requirements for the SPI port are shown in Figure 2. Eight programmable registers, each with 24 bits, control the operation of the device. The register functions are listed in Table 8. Rev. B | Page 20 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 LO SELECTION LOGIC The downconverting mixer in the ADRF6604 can be used without the internal PLL by applying an external differential LO to Pin 37 (LON) and Pin 38 (LOP). In addition, when using an LO generated by the internal PLL, the LO signal can be accessed directly at these pins. This function can be used for debugging purposes, or the internally generated LO can be used as the LO for a separate mixer. The operation of the LO generation and whether LOP and LON are inputs or outputs are determined by the logic levels applied at Pin 16 (PLL_EN) and Pin 36 (LODRV_EN), as well as Bit DB3 (LDRV) and Bit DB6 (PLEN) in Register 5. The combination of externally applied logic and internal bits required for particular LO functions is given in Table 9. Table 9. LO Selection Logic Pin 16 (PLL_EN) 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 Pins 1 Pin 36 (LODRV_EN) X X X 0 X 1 Register 5 Bits1 Bit DB6 (PLEN) Bit DB3 (LDRV) 0 X 1 X 0 X 1 0 1 1 1 X X = don’t care. Rev. B | Page 21 of 32 Output Buffer Disabled Disabled Disabled Disabled Enabled Enabled Outputs LO External External External Internal Internal Internal ADRF6604 Data Sheet APPLICATIONS INFORMATION BASIC CONNECTIONS FOR OPERATION be ac-coupled and terminated with a 50 Ω resistor as shown in Figure 46. The reference signal, or a divided-down version of the reference signal, can be brought back off chip at the multiplexer output pin (MUXOUT). A lock detect signal and a voltage proportional to the ambient temperature can also be selected on the multiplexer output pin. Figure 46 shows the basic connections for the ADRF6604 evaluation board. The six power supply pins should be individually decoupled using 100 pF and 0.1 µF capacitors located as close as possible to the device. In addition, the internal decoupling nodes (DECL3P3, DECL2P5, and DECLVCO) should be decoupled with the capacitor values shown in Figure 46. The loop filter is connected between the CP and VTUNE pins. When connected in this way, the internal VCO is operational. For information about the loop filter components, see the Evaluation Board Configuration Options section. The RF input is internally ac-coupled and needs no external bias. The IF outputs are open collector, and a bias inductor is required from these outputs to VCC. Operation with an external VCO is also possible. In this case, the loop filter components should be referred to ground. The output of the loop filter is connected to the input voltage pin of the external VCO. The output of the VCO is brought back into the device on the LOP and LON pins, using a balun if necessary. The reference frequency for the PLL should be from 12 MHz to 160 MHz and should be applied to the REF_IN pin, which should 1 2 3 4 5 6 VCC R19 0Ω R20 (0402) 0Ω (0402) R54 10kΩ (0402) S2 LO IN/OUT LON 4 3 T8 TC1-1-13+ C19 0.1µF (0402) C9 0.1µF (0402) C33 OPEN (0402) R51 OPEN (0402) R6 0Ω (0402) C8 100pF (0402) R26 0Ω (0402) C24 100pF (0402) R25 0Ω (0402) C22 100pF (0402) R24 0Ω (0402) C21 100pF (0402) R17 0Ω (0402) C18 100pF (0402) R7 0Ω (0402) C10 100pF (0402) C32 OPEN (0402) R50 OPEN (0402) VCC_MIX VCC_LO 22 27 VCC2 17 VCC1 10 1 C31 1nF (0402) REF_IN REF_IN R70 49.9Ω (0402) R16 0Ω (0402) 13 12 14 DECL2P5 9 37 DIVIDER ÷2 BUFFER BUFFER FRACTION REG MODULUS INTEGER REG 2 DIV BY 2, 1 2:1 MUX ADRF6604 26 THIRD-ORDER FRACTIONAL INTERPOLATOR ×2 N COUNTER 21 TO 123 6 ÷2 MUXOUT 16 C16 R18 100pF 0Ω (0402) (0402) C17 0.1µF (0402) C42 10µF (0603) DECL3P3 C12 R8 100pF 0Ω (0402) (0402) C11 0.1µF (0402) C41 OPEN (0603) SPI INTERFACE TEMP SENSOR 8 4 7 11 15 20 21 23 24 25 28 30 31 35 RSET R2 R37 OPEN 0Ω (0402) (0402) CP TEST POINT (ORANGE) R38 0Ω (0402) C14 22pF (0603) 29 3 5 39 CP R10 3kΩ (0603) C15 2.7nF (1206) C2 OPEN (0402) 40 18 C13 6.8pF (0603) R1 0Ω (0402) VTUNE C40 22pF (0603) 1 2 R59 0Ω 3 (0402) 4 RFOUT R43 0Ω 5 (0402) C29 0.1µF (0402) R12 0Ω (0402) C1 100pF (0402) Figure 46. Basic Connections for Operation of the ADRF6604 Rev. B | Page 22 of 32 IFN VCC +5V R63 OPEN (0402) C27 0.1µF (0402) 19 VTUNE DECLVCO IFP R62 0Ω (0402) RFIN IP3SET R27 0Ω (0402) R9 10kΩ R65 10kΩ (0402) (0402) R11 OPEN (0402) C43 10µF (0603) R28 0Ω (0402) CHARGE PUMP 250µA, 500µA (DEFAULT), 750µA, 1000µA – PHASE + FREQUENCY DETECTOR RFIN VCO CORE PRESCALER ÷2 MUX ÷4 REFOUT CLK VCC_V2I LE C20 0.1µF (0402) DATA C23 0.1µF (0402) 36 C6 1nF (0402) R52 OPEN (0402) C25 0.1µF (0402) C5 1nF LOP 38 1 (0402) 5 C34 OPEN (0402) C7 0.1µF (0402) 34 LODRV_EN R36 0Ω R30 (0402) 0Ω (0402) R57 0Ω (0402) R35 0Ω (0402) PLL_EN VCC_LO R56 0Ω (0402) P1 9-PIN DSUB 9 R53 10kΩ (0402) VCC RED +5V VCC1 RED R55 OPEN (0402) S1 OPEN 8 7 08553-024 A peak-to-peak differential swing on RFIN of 1 V (0.353 V rms for a sine wave input) results in an IF output power of 4.7 dBm. Data Sheet ADRF6604 AC TEST FIXTURE the signal generation and measurement equipment. Figure 47 shows the typical AC test setup used in the characterization of the ADRF6604. Characterization data for the ADRF6604 was taken under very strict test conditions. All possible techniques were used to achieve optimum accuracy and to remove degrading effects of ADRF6604 CHARACTERIZATION RACK DIAGRAM. ALL INSTRUMENTS ARE CONTROLLED BY A LAB COMPUTER VIA A USB TO GPIB CONTROLLER, DAISY CHAINED TO EACH INDIVIDUAL INSTRUMENT. RF1 AGILENT N5181A HP 11636A POWER DIVIDER RF2 AGILENT N5181A REF_IN AGILENT N5181A RFIN REF_IN ADRF6604 EVALUATION BOARD 9-PIN CONTROLLER D-SUB AND 10-PIN DC HEADER IF_OUT ROHDE & SCHWARZ FSEA30 AGILENT 34401A SET TO IDC (SET FOR SUPPLY CURRENT) GND VIA 10-PIN DC HEADER 5V dc VIA 10-PIN DC HEADER 3.3V dc VIA 10-PIN DC HEADER AGILENT 34980A WITH THREE 34921 MODULES AND ONE 34950 MODULE AGILENT E3631A 25V SET TO 3.3V, 6V SET TO 5V. RETURNS ARE JUMPERED TOGETHER Figure 47. ADRF6604 AC Test Setup Rev. B | Page 23 of 32 08553-027 5V dc MEASURED FOR SUPPLY CURRENT ADRF6604 Data Sheet EVALUATION BOARD Figure 50 shows the schematic of the RoHS-compliant evaluation board for the ADRF6604. This board has four layers and was designed using Rogers 4350 hybrid material to minimize high frequency losses. FR4 material is also adequate if the design can accept the slightly higher trace loss of this material. The evaluation board is designed to operate using the internal VCO of the device (the default configuration) or using an external VCO. To use an external VCO, R62 and R12 should be removed. Place 0 Ω resistors in R63 and R11. The input of the external VCO should be connected to the VTUNE SMA connector, and the external VCO output should be connected to the LO IN/OUT SMA connector. In addition to these hardware changes, internal register settings must be changed to enable operation with an external VCO (see the Register 6—VCO Control and VCO Enable (Default: 0x1E2106) section). To connect the evaluation board to a USB port, a USB adapter board (EVAL-ADF4XXXZ-USB) must be purchased from Analog Devices. This board connects to the PC using a standard USB cable with a USB mini-connector at one end. An additional 25-pin male to 9-pin female adapter is required to mate the EVAL-ADF4XXXZUSB board to the 9-pin D-Sub connector on the ADRF6604 evaluation board. Additional configuration options for the evaluation board are described in Table 10. EVALUATION BOARD CONTROL SOFTWARE The evaluation board can be connected to the PC using a PC parallel port or a USB port. These options are selectable from the opening menu of the software interface (see Figure 48). The evaluation board is shipped with a 25-pin parallel port cable for connection to the PC parallel port. 08553-028 Software to program the ADRF6604 is available for download from the ADRF6604 product page under the Evaluation Boards & Kits section. To install the software 1. Download and extract the zip file: ADRF6x0x_customer_6p0p0_install.zip file. 2. Follow the instructions in the read me file. Figure 48. Control Software Opening Menu Figure 49 shows the main window of the control software with the default settings displayed. Rev. B | Page 24 of 32 ADRF6604 08553-029 Data Sheet Figure 49. Main Window of the ADRF6604 Evaluation Board Software Rev. B | Page 25 of 32 3P3V_LDO AG N D REFIN OSC_3P3V AG N D AG N D R70 49.9 AG N D 1 0 R8 1000PF C31 10PF C3 22000PF C4 0 R15 0.1UF AG N D 10UF OSC_3P3V C11 1 AG N D 100PF C12 AG N D 100PF 0.1UF AG N D C10 0 R7 C9 3P3V1 1 VCC4 C41 VCC 1 0 R37 AG N D 0 DNI R49 2P5V_LDO REFOUT R11 VCO_LDO 22PF C14 0 R16 AG N D DNI AG N D 0.1UF C2 VCO_LDO 1 VCC AG N D C42 10UF P1-1 10UF C43 0 R1 2.7NF C15 10K R12 1 AG N D AG N D C18 100PF AG N D C19 0.1UF AG N D 0 100PF 0.1UF R17 0 R18 C16 AG N D C17 VCC2 1 2P5V AG N D AG N D 100PF C1 6.8PF C13 10K R65 AG N D 22PF C40 R2 AMP745781-4 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 P1 R72 R62 9 8 7 6 5 10 P1-6 P1-1 R50 1 1K DNI CLK DNI 4 3 2 1 DNI R36 R57 R30 0 0 0 11 1 GND R51 DIG_GND 0 R19 1K DNI 12 38 37 1 LE 14 Z1 AG N D R53 10K 15 35 AG N D 1 AG N D 1 VCC R54 10K 3 1 LO_EXTERN 33 R56 10K 17 VCC5 16 34 AG N D 3 AG N D 100PF DNI C34 AG N D 100PF DNI C33 DATA 13 36 VCC S2 R52 1K DNI AG N D 100PF DNI C32 VCC2 DECL2P5 MUXOUT GND REF_IN RSET GND CP DECL3P3 39 1 VCC1 P3-T7 P4-T7 P3-T7 18 IFP 0 0 VCC1 40 1NF R55 10K C5 C6 1NF DATA R9 0 3K TBD R10 R71 2 R38 DECLVCO S1 LE R63 100K PLL_EN P3-T7 VCC_LO CP Y1 R14 AG N D VTUNE 3 LODRV_EN R33 NC 32 0 31 T8 21 22 23 AG N D C20 1 VCC_LO1 0.1UF AG N D VCC_LO R60 TBD R25 AG N D 100PF C27 VCC_LO VCC_RF 0 R26 C25 VCC_BB AG N D 0.1UF 1 VCC_RF VCC_BB IP3SET OUTPUT_EN 0 VCC_BB1 AG N D 0.1UF C24 TBD R27 AG N D R31 DNI R58 VCC VCC AG N D TBD L2 TBD AG N D C23 0.1UF L1 0 C22 100PF 1 DNI C36 DNI C35 0 R48 0 R47 0 AG N D 1 IP3SET VCC_LO R29 LO VCC_BB R28 C21 0 R24 IP3SET AG N D 0.1UF C7 1 VCC_LO 0 R69 0 24 AG N D AG N D P1-T7 AG N D R32 25 26 27 28 0 R6 4 2 5 P4-T7 P4-T7 100PF AG N D 30 29 E-PAD PAD GND VCC_MIX GND GND GND RFIN VCC_V2I GND IP3SET GND AG N D AG N D 100PF C8 NC 4 5A 4A 2A 3 5 2 3A 6A 20 OUTPUT_EN 19 NC AG N D IFN 1A GND 0 AG N D VCC 1 AG N D AG N D C28 IFN IFP 0 R67 0 DNI R68 AG N D RFIN SNS1 SNS VCC_SENSE VCC AGND AGND 3P3V_LDO 2P5V_LDO LO_EXTERN VCO_LDO VCC_SENSE T3 AG N D OUT 1 1 AG N D GND1 GND C29 DNI R44 AG N D 0.1UF VCC 0 R59 J1 1 J1 2 J1 3 J1 4 J1 5 J1 6 J1 7 J1 8 J1 9 J1 10 1 GND2 TC4-1W VCC VCC_RF 10UF 6 R66 P1-T7 GND T7 R43 1 2 VTUNE CLK 1 1 GND 4 1 P1-6 LOP R35 LON 0 VCC_LO 0 GND R20 Rev. B | Page 26 of 32 R34 Figure 50. Evaluation Board Schematic 0 6 3 P1-T7 AG N D ADRF6604 Data Sheet SCHEMATIC AND ARTWORK 2 08553-023 0 0 ADRF6604 08553-012 08553-013 Data Sheet Figure 52. Evaluation Board Layout (Top) Figure 51. Evaluation Board Layout (Bottom) Rev. B | Page 27 of 32 ADRF6604 Data Sheet EVALUATION BOARD CONFIGURATION OPTIONS Table 10. Component S1, R55, R56, R33 Description LO select. Switch and resistors to ground the LODRV_EN pin. The LODRV_EN pin setting, in combination with internal register settings, determines whether the LOP and LON pins function as inputs or outputs (see the LO Selection Logic section for more information). LO IN/OUT SMA Connector REFIN SMA Connector REFOUT SMA Connector LO input/output. An external 1× LO or 2× LO can be applied to this single-ended input connector. Reference input. The input reference frequency for the PLL is applied to this connector. Input impedance is 50 Ω. Multiplexer output. The REFOUT connector connects directly to the MUXOUT pin. The on-board multiplexer can be programmed to bring out the following signals: REFIN, 2× REFIN, REFIN/2, and REFIN/4; temperature sensor output voltage; and lock detect indicator. Charge pump test point. The unfiltered charge pump signal can be probed at this test point. Note that the CP pin should not be probed during critical measurements, such as phase noise. Loop filter. Loop filter components. CP Test Point R37, C14, R9, R10, C15, C13, R65, C40 R11, R12 R62, R63, VTUNE SMA Connector R2 RFIN SMA Connector T3 Loop filter return. When the internal VCO is used, the loop filter components should be returned to the DECLVCO pin (Pin 40) by installing a 0 Ω resistor in R12. When an external VCO is used, the loop filter components can be returned to ground by installing a 0 Ω resistor in R11. Internal vs. external VCO. When the internal VCO is enabled, the loop filter components are connected directly to the VTUNE pin (Pin 39) by installing a 0 Ω resistor in R62. To use an external VCO, R62 should be left open. A 0 Ω resistor should be installed in R63, and the voltage input of the VCO should be connected to the VTUNE SMA connector. The output of the VCO is brought back into the PLL via the LO IN/OUT SMA connector. RSET pin. This pin is unused and should be left open. RF input. The RF input signal should be applied to the RFIN SMA connector. The RF input of the ADRF6604 is ac-coupled; therefore, no bias is necessary. IF output. The differential IF output signals from the ADRF6604 (IFP and IFN) are converted to a single-ended signal by T3. Rev. B | Page 28 of 32 Default Condition/ Option Settings S1 = R55 = open (not installed), R56 = R33 = 0 Ω, LODRV_EN = 0 V LO input Lock detect R12 = 0 Ω (0402), R11 = open (0402) R62 = 0 Ω (0402), R63 = open (0402) R2 = open (0402) R3 = R23 = open (0402) Data Sheet ADRF6604 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 6.10 6.00 SQ 5.90 0.60 MAX 0.60 MAX PIN 1 INDICATOR 31 30 0.50 BSC 10 21 20 TOP VIEW 1.00 0.85 0.80 SEATING PLANE 12° MAX 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.80 MAX 0.65 TYP 0.30 0.23 0.18 4.25 4.10 SQ 3.95 EXPOSED PAD (BOTTOM VIEW) 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM COPLANARITY 0.08 0.20 REF 11 0.20 MIN 4.50 REF FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO THE PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET. COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-220-VJJD-2 06-01-2012-D 5.85 5.75 SQ 5.65 PIN 1 INDICATOR 40 1 Figure 53. 40-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] 6 mm × 6 mm Body, Very Thin Quad (CP-40-1) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 ADRF6604ACPZ-R7 ADRF6604-EVALZ 1 Temperature Range −40°C to +85°C Package Description 40-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] Evaluation Board Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Rev. B | Page 29 of 32 Package Option CP-40-1 ADRF6604 Data Sheet NOTES Rev. B | Page 30 of 32 Data Sheet ADRF6604 NOTES Rev. B | Page 31 of 32 ADRF6604 Data Sheet NOTES ©2010–2014 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D08553-0-1/14(B) Rev. B | Page 32 of 32