PLEASE RETURN TO!
NORTHWEST COASTAL INFORMATION
CENT_ t
0.5 U MARINE SCIENCE CENTER
NEWPORT OREGON 9736$
503•067'3011
AN INVENTORY OF FILLED LANDS
IN
NEHALEM RIVER ESTUARY
July 1972
ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE STATE LAND BOARD
Representative Anthony Meeker, Chairman
Senator Gordon W. McKay, Vice Chairman
Senator Betty Browne
Senator George Eivers
Representative Paul Hanneman
Representative Richard Magruder
Representative Rod McKenzie
Mr. Patrick Gilroy
Mr. Cecil L. Edwards Executive Assistant
Prepared by the Advisory Committee's
Engineering Staff under the
direction of
Stanley F. Hamilton, P.E.
Staff Engineer
Oregon Division of State Lands
This report was funded by the Advisory Committee
to the State Land Board and a grant from the
U.S. Department Of Labor's Emergency Employment
Act of 1971
Nehalem Bay is Oregon's 5th largest estuary in
total area, and 8th largest in tideland acreage. The
headwaters of the river are located in the northwest
section of Oregon. From there, they flow in a easterly
direction and then turn north and eventually west before
finally discharging into the Pacific Ocean, south of
Brighton, Oregon.
The Nehalem River has four principal tributaries:
the North Fork of the Nehalem River, Salmonberry River,
Rock Creek and Wqlf Creek, and drains an area of more
than 845 miles.2/
This estuarx,has a total area of 3766 acresi/ of
which 1180 acres.f./ are tidelands. During / the 120 years
that Oregon has been a state, 1087 acres–1 of tidelands
have been deeded to private owners.
The Nehalem River is navigable for some 8.5 miles
upstream of WheeW, Oregon (about 1.0 miles above
Mohler, Oregon).
North Fork of the Nehalem River
A,
is navigable for a distance of 5.0 miles above its
mouth which is located 1.0 miles above Nehalem, Oregon.2/
The effect of the tidewater in the Nehalem River
extends to Eck Creek approximately one-fourth mile above
Roy Creek Park and on the North Fork of the Nehalem Rive; ,
to Henderson Creek in Township 3N, Range 9W - Section 6.2 /
Among the resources directly supporting the economy
of the basin, lumbering and logging are of the first importance. The bottom land bordering the river and its
tributaries are devoted to agriculture, dairy farming
and cattle raising.
The sports fisherman will find an ample supply of
softshell clams-, crabs, salmon, steelhead trout, flounder,
perch and many more, although at present there are no
commercial fishing ventures. Many facilities for sportsmen use and enjoyment of the seashore, mountains, forest,
lakes and streams have been provided by private enterprise and by the Federal and State agencies.
1/ Crisis in Oregon estuaries
2/ Crisis in Oregon estuaries (U.S.C. and G.S. charts)
(Area between M.L.L.W. and M.H.H.W.)
3/ Total acreage deeded to private owners by State
Land Board
4/ U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
5/ Oregon State Water Resources Board
The purpose of this study was to determine the location, extent, ownership, history, owners of record, and
use of landfills in the Nehalem River. Filled lands or
new lands and related terms are defined by Oregon Statute
Law which in many cases paraphrases English Common Law.
A few of the more important definitions pertaining to
filled lands are shown below:
274.905 Definitions for ORS 274,905 to 274.940
As used in ORS 274.905 to 274-.940, unless the context
requires otherwise:
(1) "New lands" means those lands, as distinguished
from bridges, wharves, quays and similar structures, protruding above the line of ordinary high water, whether
or not connected with adjoining or opposite upland or
riparian lands on the same side of the thread of the
stream, which have been created upon submersible or
submerged lands by artificial fill or deposit.
(2) "Public body" means, the State of Oregon or
any port organized under the laws of this state or any
dock commission of any city of this state.
ORS 274.005 (7) "Submerged lands," except as
provided in ORS 274.705, means lands lying below the
line of ordinary low water of all navigable waters
within the boundaries of this state as heretofore or
hereafter established, whether such waters are tidal or
nontidal.
(8) "Submersible lands," except as provided in
ORS 274.705, means lands lying between the line of
ordinary high water and the line of ordinary low water
of all navigable waters and all islands, shore lands
or other such lands held by or granted to this state by
virtue of her sovereignty, wherever applicable, within
the boundaries of this state as heretofore or hereafter
established, whether such waters or lands are tidal or
nontidal.
Selected terms pertaining to tidelands and tidal
boundaries are defined in Appendix A.
A brief summary of the procedure used to obtain
information about the landfill in the Nehalem River is
shown below:
1. Obtain copies of all U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
permits for landfills or related projects in the study
area.
2. Obtain aerial photographs covering entire study
area from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Forest
Service, Oregon Highway Dept.
3. Obtain reasonable complete set of U.S. Coast
and Geodetic Survey charts of the study area.
4. Prepare a comparison overlay showing earliest
and latest shorelines - . Tentatively locate landfills on
overlay using permit data, aerial photographs, and large
changes in the shoreline as shown by the overlay. The
list of charts used is shown at the end of this report.
5. Visit estuary to verify location of landfills.
Document size, location and use of fills.
6. Visit local County Courthouse to obtain ownership
and tax data.
7.
Compile data and complete report.
All of the information collected during this study
has been summarized in a table showing ownership data,
a plate showing location and relative size of each landfill,
and an appendix showing detailed sketches of each landfill.
Table 1 shows ownership and other informative data.
Each landfill has been designated by a two -part number -the first part being an arbitrary number assigned during
this study, and the second part being the Tillamook County
tax lot number. In addition to ownership and location,
this table lists the area of the fill and indicates
whether a Corps of Engineers' permit was issued.
The relative size and location of each fill:discussed
in Table I are shown on Plate 1 which appears at the back
of this report. In addition, detailed drawings of each
landfill parcel and a brief summary of pertinent data
concerning the fills appears in Appendix B.
SUMMARY
The location of the mean low water line discussed
in this report was established from interpretation of
aerial photographs (1971 series) and visual observation
of a series of tide cycles. In some cases these fills
abut the Railroad fill (which was constructed on tide
lands but is not covered in this report) which restricts
the tidal limits on a large portion of the :Nehalem Bay.
Along the fill, the mean high tide line and mean low
tide line generally coincide because of the steep side
slopes.
In the Nehalem estuary, there is a total of 27.38
acres of landfill located on submerged and/or submersible
lands. Of this total, 20.11 acres lie on submerged land
and 7.24 acres lie on submersible land.
It is interesting to note that at least a portion
of all the landfills in the Nehalem estuary lie on stateowned submerged land with the exception of the landfill
located on Parcel 6-5000. Furthermore, only one U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers' landfill permit has been issued
for the Nehalem estuary area. This permit authorized
construction of landfills on Parcels 3-4100, 4300, 4400,
4500. The total tideland area included in this landfill
was 10.9 acres.
Most of the landfills in the Nehalem estuary are
relatively small in area and residential or recreation
oriented, with very little emphasis on industry or commercial deepwater navigation.
We wish to take this
people and agencies which
sary information enabling
In particular, we wish to
following:
opportunity to thank all the
provided portions of the necesthe completion of this report.
extend our gratitude to the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District
Oregon Historical Society, Portland, Oregon
Oregon State Water Resources Board
Tillamook County Assessor
Tillamook County Surveyor
The Port of Nehalem
Tillamook County's Helpful Citizens
Maps and Charts used in this study
U.S.C. and G.S. charts for the years
1887
1917
1933
1963
1971
Tillamook County Assessor's maps
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Aerial photos
1939
1962
1963
1965
Oregon State Highway Dept. Aerial photos
1970
1971
APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS PERTAINING TO
TIDELANDS AND TIDAL BOUNDARIES
Definitions Used by
U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey
from
Shore and Sea Boundaries
by
Aaron L. Shalowitz
Mean Higher High Tide. - Same as Mean Higher High Water.
Mean Higher-High-Tide line. - Same as Mean Higher-High-Water
line.
Mean Higher High Water. - The average height of the higher
high waters over a 19-year period. See Higher High
Water, Nineteen-year Tidal Cycle.
Mean Higher High Water Line. - The intersection of the tidal
plane of mean higher high water with the shore. See
Mean Higher High Water.
Mean High Tide. - Same as Mean High Water.
Mean High Water. - The average height of the high waters over
a 19-year period. All high waters are included in the
average where the tide is either semidiurnal or mixed.
Where the type of tide is predominantly diurnal, only
the higher high-water heights are included in the
average on those days when the tide is semidiurnal. See
mixed tides, semidiurnal tides, diurnal tides, Nineteenyear Tidal Cycle.
Mean High-Water Line. - The intersection of the tidal plane
of mean high water with the shore.
Mean High-Water Mark. - Same as Mean High-Water Line.
Mean Lower Low Water. - The average height of the lower low
waters over a 19-year period. The tidal plane used on
the Pacific Coast as a datum for soundings on the hydrographic surveys and nautical charts of the Coast and
Geodetic Survey.
Mean Low Water. - The average height of the low waters over
a 19-year period. All low water heights are included
in the average where the type of tide is either semidiurnal or mixed. Where the type of tide is
predominantly diurnal, only the lower low water heights
are included in the average on those days when the tide
becomes semidiurnal.
Mean Low-Water Line. - The intersection of the tidal plane
of mean low water with the shore.
Mean Sea Level. - The average height of the surface of the
sea for all stages of the tide over a 19-year period,
usually determined from hourly height readings. A
determination of mean sea level that has been adopted
as a standard for heights is called a sea level datum.
Mean Tide Level. - Same as Half-tide Level. A tidal datum
midway between Mean High Water and Mean Low Water.
Ordinary High Water. - A nontechnical term considered by the
Coast and Geodetic Survey to be the same as the tidal
plane of mean 'high water.
Ordinary Low Water. - A nontechnical term considered by the
Coast and Geodetic Survey to be the same as the tidal
plane of mean low water.
Diurnal Tide. - Tides having a period or cycle of approximately one tidal day. Such tides exhibit only one high
and one low water during a tidal day; the predominant
type of tide in the Gulf of Mexico.
Semidiurnal Tides. - Tides having a period of approximately
one-half a tidal day; the type of tide that is predominant throughout the world, with two high waters and
two low waters each tidal day. Tides along the Atlantic
Coast are of this type.
Mixed Tides. - Tides in which the presence of a diurnal wave is
conspicuous by a large inequality in either the high or
low-water heights, or in both, with two high waters and
two low waters occurring each tidal day. Tides along the
California (and Oregon) Coast are of the mixed type.
Tidelands. - The land that is covered and uncovered by the daily
rise and fall of the tide. More specifically, it is the
zone between the mean high-water line and the mean lowwater line along, a coast, and is commonly known as the
shore" or "beach." Referred to in legal decisions as
between ordinary high-water mark and ordinary low-water
mark. Tidelands presuppose a high-water line as the upper
boundary.
•
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Nehalem River
(T2, 3N - RlOW)
Total area:
Tideland:
Tideland sold:
Navigable length:
3766 acres 1/
1180 acres 7/
1087 acres 1"/
Nehalem River 8.5 miles - Upstream
from Wheeler, Oregon, to 1.0 mile
above Mohler, Oregon
Nehalem River (North Fork) 5.0
miles - Tributary of Nehalem River
Mouth 1.0 mile from Nehalem, Ore.4/
Tidewater:
Nehalem River Eck Creek approximately
1/4 mile above Roy Creek Park
Nehalem River (North Fork) Henderson
Creek in T3N - R9W - Sec. 6.4/
Port District:
Port of Nehalem
Tide Data
Brighton
Stage
M.H.W.
M.L.W.
M.L.L.W.
Wheeler
M.L.L.W.
M.S.L.
M.L.L.W.
M.S.L.
+7.1
+1.2
0.0
+3.55
-2.35
-3.55
+6.9
+1.0
0.0
+3,38
-2.52
-3.52
Nehalem
M.L.L.W. M.S.L.
+6.5
+0.9
0.0
1/ Crisis in Oregon estuaries
2/ Crisis in Oregon estuaries (U.S.C. and G.S. charts)
(Area between M.L.L.W. and M.H.H.W.)
3/ Total acreage deeded to private owners by State
Land Board
1/ U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
+3.88
-1.72
-2.62
APPENDIX B
SKETCH PLATES OF LANDFILL PARCELS
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PARCEL A 8 TAX LOT A 100, 300, 1700, 1800, 2400
OWNERS: ELEANOR WIMER ( I00)
LEO STOLDT
( 300)
ROY SUAS1TUM
(1700 & 1800)
CHARLES AADPEWS (2400)
LAADFILL CONSTRUCTION DATES: 1928 TO 1970 SEE TABLE. FOR INDIVIDUAL DATES
USE: SEE TABLE 1
TAX LOT 100 FILLED AREA: 0.02 ACRES
" 300
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TOTAL FILLED AREA: 0.12 ACRES
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NEHALEM
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MANZANITA
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T3N
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/
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STATE OF OREGON
ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE
STATE LAND BOARD
LANDFILL INVENTORY
NEHALEM RIVER
1887 MEAN HIGH WATER - - - , 1972 MEAN HIGH WATER
SHADED AREA- DENOTES FILLED LAND
LANDFILL AREA . 27. 38 ACRES
750,000—
T2 & 3S RIOW
PACIFIC OCEAN TO MOHLER
COMPARISON:
1887 C 8 GS CHARTS
1972 C & GS CHARTS
45" 4 0' --1000
3000
6000
FEET
745,000—
123 54'
Drawn try, BOB IMEB600