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Toward Integrated Research, Land Management,
and Ecosystem Protection in the
Malpai Borderlands: Conference Summary
January 6-8, 1999
Douglas, Arizona
Contents
Foreword......................................................................................................... . v
Overviews of Science and land Management
,···.·.
Achieving Ecosystem Management in the Borderlands of the Southwestern
United States Through Coordinated Research/Management Partnerships:
An Overview of Research Unit RM-4651 ....................................................... ..
Carleton B. Edminster and Gerald}. Gottfried, USDA Forest Service,
Rocky Mountain Research Station
The Landscape and Small-Ranching Economy ................................................
Bill McDonald, Rancher
5
Natural Resources Conservation Service Activities in the Borderlands.............
Ronald}. Bemis, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
7
Inventory of Borderlands Resources
Rangeland Monitoring in the Malpai Borderlands, 1995-1998 ........................
Peter C. Sundt, Rangeland Consultant
Geology and Geomorphology of the San Bernardino Valley,
Southeastern Arizona ........ ... ..... .. ...... ......................... .......... .. ..... .. ..... ..... ... ... ...
Thomas H. Biggs, RobertS. Leighty, Steven}. Skotnicki, and
Philip A. Pearthree, Arizona Geological Survey
Geomorphic Surface Mapping of the Southern Animas Creek Valley,
New Mexico, for Ecological Purposes .............................................................
Kirk R. Vincent, U.S. Geological Survey
The Soil Survey of the San Bernardino Valley ..................................................
Cathy E. McGuire, Tucson Soil Survey, Natural Resources
Conservation Service
Runoff and Sediment Yield Derived from Proxy Records, Upper Animas
Creek Basin, New Mexico ...............................................................................
W R. Osterkamp, Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey
Influences of Geomorphology on Vegetation in the Animas Creek Valley,
New Mexico....................................................................................................
Peter C. Sundt, Rangeland Consultant; and Kirk R. Vincent,
U.S. Geological Survey
A Vegetation Map of the Borderlands Ecosystem Management Area .. ....... .. ... ..
Esteban Muldavin, University of New Mexico
Review of New Mexico's Wildlife Conservation Act and of Department of
Game and Fish Studies of Special Status Species in the Borderlands of
Southwest New Mexico...................................................................................
Charles W Painter, Sartor 0. Williams Ill, and C. Gregory Schmitt,
New Mexico Department of Came and Fish
10
11
16
20
22
25
44
45
Information on Borderlands Resources:
A Bibliography for Planners, Managers, and Research Workers.......................
Peter F. Ffolliott and Leonard F. DeBano, School of Renewable
Natural Resources, University of Arizona
49
Environmental Change in the Malpai Borderlands
Human Occupation and Ecological Change in the Borderland Region of
Arizona/New Mexico/Sonora/Chihuahua:
An Analysis of Causes and Consequences .......................................................
Diana Hadley and Thomas E. Sheridan, Arizona State Museum of The
University of Arizona; and Peter Warshan Whole Earth Magazine
Fire History in Canyon Pine-Oak Forests, Intervening Desert Grasslands, and
Higher-Elevation Mixed-Conifer Forests of the Southwest Borderlands............
Mark Kaib, Thomas W Swetnam, and Christopher H. Baisan,
University of Arizona
An Archaeological Research Design for the Malpais Borderlands, Southeast
Arizona and Southwest New Mexico...............................................................
Paul R. Fish and Suzanne K. Fish, The University of Arizona
51
57 ·
65
The Changing Mile Revisited ...........................................................................
Raymond M. Turner, University of Arizona
72
Recent Environmental Change in the Malpai Borderlands ...............................
james H. Brown, University of New Mexico
73
Fire and Borderlands Ecosystems
Fire Management in the Borderlands:
The Peloncillo Programmatic Fire Plan............................................................
Larry S. Allen, Coronado National Forest
Fire Frequency and Spatial Variability of Soil Biogeochemistry and Plant
Biochemistry in a Southeastern Arizona Desert Grassland ...............................
Thomas H. Biggs, Arizona Geological Survey; Robert H. Webb,
U.S. Geological SurveYt Desert Laboratory; and jay Quade,
University of Arizona, Desert Laboratory
Fire Frequency and Soil Nutrient Status on the Southern Gunnery Ranges at
Fort Huachuca Military Reservation, Arizona..................................................
Thomas B. Wilson, Department of son Water, and Environmental
Science, University of Arizona; Robert H. Webb, U.S. Geological
Survey; and Thomas L. Thompson, Department of Soil, Water, and
Environmental Science, University of Arizona
Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques for Assessing Prescribed Fire in the
Madrean Archipelago ......................................................................................
Larry K. Clark, Department of Geography and Regional Development
University of Arizona
Remote Sensing Fire Studies in the Greater Borderlands..................................
Stephen R. Yool, Department of Geography and Regional
Development, University of Arizona
Effects of a Prescribed Burn on Vegetation and Birds in a Semi-Desert
Shrub-Grassland ..............................................................................................
Peter E. Scott, Department of Life Sciences, Indiana State University
Experimental Fire Studies in the Malpai Region:
Research Questions and Initial Results.............................................................
Thomas j. Valone, Department of Biology, California State University
Northridge
ii
74
77
81
83
88
93
94
Range Restoration in the Malpai Borderlands
Range Restoration Studies in the Southwestern Borderlands of Southeastern
Arizona and Southwestern New Mexico..........................................................
95
Gerald}. Gottfried and Carleton B. Edminster, USDA Forest Service,
Rocky Mountain Research Station; and Ronald}. Bemis, Natural
Resources Conservation Service
Restoration Through Reintroduction of Fire and Herbivory.............................. 100
Charles G. Curtin, Arid Lands Project and Malpai Borderlands Group
The Rising Site Archaeological Project:
Investigating and Preserving a Heavily Eroded Site Near Douglas, Arizona..... 104
Patricia A. Gilman, Department of AnthropologYt University of
Oklahoma; james A. McDonald, Coronado National Forest; and
E. Gene Riggs, Archaeological Consultant
Species Ecology and Borderlands Management
Effects of Prescribed Fire on Montane Rattlesnakes:
Endangered Species and Ecosystem Restoration .. ............ .............. ..... .... .. .. .... . 109
A. T. Holycross and L. }. Smith Arizona State University; C. W
Painter, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish; and M. E.
Douglas, Arizona State University
Effects of Prescribed Burning on the Palmer Agave and the Lesser
Long-Nosed Bat............................................................................................... 111
Liz Slauson, Desert Botanical Garden; and V. Dalton and D. Dalton,
D2 Chiropterology
Mutualists Out of Synchrony: Agave Flowering and Nectar Bat Visits in the
Southern Peloncillos and Chiricahua Mountains in 1997 ................................ 115
Peter E. Scott, Department of Life Sciences, Indiana State University
Herpetofauna Studies and Management in the Arizona Borderlands ............... 116
Philip C. Rosen, University of Arizona
Borderland Blacktails:
Radiotelemetry, Natural History, and Living With Venomous Snakes............... 117
David L. Hardy Sr., and Harry W Greene, Cornell University
Bird Habitat Relationships in Desert Grasslands .............................................. 122
Michael L. Morrison, Sacramento State University
Future Directions in the Malpai Science and Resource
Management Programs
Regional Fire Planning:
Future Directions in the Malpai Science and Resource Management
Programs.......................................................................................................... 12 5
Larry S. Allen, Coronado National Forest
Panel Session: Condensed Notes ..................................................................... 127
Gerald}. Gottfried, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research
Station; and Cathy E. McGuire, Tucson Soil SurveYt Natural
Resources Conservation Service
Conference Participants............................................................. 134
iii