This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. Scientific and Common Names of Biological Organisms Associated With Populus Biotechnology Madelyn C. Dillon, Richard C. Carman, and Mee-Sook Kim Populus Sections Abaso section Eckenwalder - poplar section containing Populus mexicana Wesmael, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Aigeiros section Duby- cottonwood and black poplar sec- tion, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Leuce section Duby (currently termed Populus section) - aspen and white poplar section, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Leucoides section Spach- Himalayan poplar, Wilson pop- lar, and swamp cottonwood section, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Populus section (formerly Leuce section) - aspen and white poplar section, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Tacamahaca section Spach - balsam poplar section, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Turanga section Bunge - Euphrates poplar section, categorized by morphology, geographical localization, and crossability Populus balsamifera L. (P. tacamahaca) -balsam poplar; Tacamahaca section Populus ciliata Wall./Royal - Himalayan poplar; Tacamahaca section Populus davidiana (Dode) Schneid. (P. tremula, s.l.) Korean aspen; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marshall- Eastern cottonwood; Aigeiros section Populus euphratica Oliver- Euphrates poplar; Tzlranga section Populus fremontii S. Watson - Fremont cottonwood; Aigeiros section Populus glandulosa Uyeki. (P. davidiana var. glandulosa) - Suwon poplar; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus grandidentata Michaux- bigtooth aspen; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus koreana Rehder (P. suaveolens, s.l.) - Korean poplar; Tacamahaca section Populus lasiocarpa Oliver - Leucoides section Populus laurifolia Ledebour - laurel poplar; Tacamalzaca section Populus maximowiczii A. Henry (P. suaveolens, s.l.) Japanese poplar; Tacamahaca section Populus mexicana Wesmael -Mexican poplar; Abaso sec- tion Populus Species and Varieties Populus nigra L. - black poplar; Aigeiros section Populus nigra var. betulifolia Torr. - Aigeiros section Populus adenopoda Maxim. (P. suaveolens, s.l.)- Chinese aspen; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus nigra var. charkowiensis Schroed. (P. nigra var. plantierensis Schneid.) - Aigeiros section Populus alba L. - white poplar; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus nigra L. var. italica Duroi- Lombardy poplar; Aigeiros section Populus angulata Ait. (P. deltoides var. angulata Ait.) Eastern cottonwood, southern form; Aigeiros section Populus serotina (P. x canadensis Moench) (P. x euramericana (Dode) Guinier)- Aigeiros section Populus angustifolia James- narrow-leaf or yellow cottonwood; Tacamahaca section Populus sieboldii Miquel -Japanese aspen; Populus (formerly Leuce) section 290 USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-297. 1997. ~ Scientific and Common Names of Biological Organisms Associated With Populus Biotechnology Populus simonii Carriere- Simon poplar; Tacamahaca section Populus suaveolens Fisher - Tacamahaca section Populus szechuanica Schneider- Tacamahaca section Populus tacamahaca Mill. (P. balsamifera, s.l.)- balsam poplar, collectively; Tacamahaca section Populus tomentosa Carr. (P. alba var. tomentosa Carriere) (P. x tome~ttosa) (P. alba x P. adenopoda) (P. alba x P. davidiana) - Chinese white poplar; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus tremula L.- European aspen; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus tremuloides Michaux- quaking aspen; Populus (formerly Leuce) section Populus x generosa Henry (P. x interamericana Brockh.) P. deltoides x P. trichocarpa and reciprocal hybrid, interamerican poplars Populus x heimburgeri Boivin- P. alba x P. tremuloides hybrid Populus x interamericana Brockh. (P. xgenerosa Henry)P. deltoides x P. trichocarpa and reciprocal hybrid, interamerican poplars Populus xjackii Sarg.- P. balsamifera x P. deltoides hybrid, Jackii poplars Populus x kitakamiensis- P. sieboldii x P. grandidentata hybrid Populus x parryi Sarg.- P. fremontii x P. trichocarpa hybrid, Parry cottonwood Populus x rouleauiana Boivin- P. alba x P. grandidentata Populus triclzocarpa Torr. & Gary - black cottonwood; Tacamahaca section hybrid Populus tristis Fisch. - Himalayan balsam poplar; Tacamahaca section brid Populus wislizenii Sargent (P. fremontii var. wislizenii Wats.) (P. deltoides, s.l.) - Rio Grande cottonwood; Aigeiros hybrid Populus x sennii Boivin- P. angustifolia x P. tremuloides hyPopulus x smithii Boivin- P. grandidentata x P. tremuloides section Populus xiaohei T.S. Hwang ex C. Wang et Tung (P. x xiaolzei) - Chinese small black poplar Populus yunnanensis Dode- species in the Tacamahaca sec- Other Trees and Plants tion Abies spp. - genus of fir trees Abies koreana E.H. Wils. - Korean fir tree Populus Hybrids Acer saccharum Marsh. - sugar maple tree Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. - siris tree Populus x acuminata Rydb. (P. x andrewsii Sarg.) - P. angustifolia x P. deltoides hybrid, lance leaf cottonwood Amaranthus spp.- genus of several species characterized Populus x bernardii Boivin - P. deltoides x P. tremuloides hybrid, Bernard poplars Antirrhinum spp. L.- genus of snapdragon by a lasting red pigment in the stems and leaves Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. - mouse-ear cress Populus x berolinensis Dippel (P. x rasumowskyana Schr.) (P. x petrowskyana Schr.) - P. laurifolia x P. nigra hybrid, Astragalus spp.- genus of milk vetch (herbs) Berlin or Russian poplars Bambusa spp. - genus of bamboo Populus x canade1zsis Moench (P. x euramericana (Dode) Guinier)- P. deltoides x P. nigra hybrid Betula papyrifera Marsh.- paper birch tree, white birch Populus x canescens Sm.- P. alba x P. tremula hybrid, gray Betula platyphylla Sukachev - birch tree poplars Betula verrucosa Ehrh. - European white birch tree Populus x dutillyi Lepage- P. balsamifera x P. deltoides hybrid Popzdus x euramericana (Dode) Guinier (P. x canadensis Moench)- P. deltoides x P. nigra hybrid, Euramerican poplars USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-297. 1997. tree Biota orienta lis (L.) Endl.- oriental arborvitae Brassica spp. - genus of coles and mustards Brassica napus L. - rapeseed 291 Section VI Appendices Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin - California incense cedar tree Camellia japonica L. - common camellia Carica spp. - genus of papaya Castanea spp. - genus of chestnut trees Castanea crenata Sieb. & Zucc. -Japanese chestnut tree Castanea mollissima 81. - Chinese chestnut tree Ginkgo biloba L. - ginkgo tree, maidenhair tree Glycine max (L.) Merr. - sojabean, soybean Hibiscus sabdariffa L. - Indian sorrel Isatis tinctoria L. - dyers woad Juglans spp. - genus of walnut Larix decidua Mill. - European larch tree Castanea sativa Mill. - European chestnut tree Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch -eastern larch tree, tamarack tree Cedrus atlantica Manetti - Atlas cedar tree Larix leptolepis (Sieb. & Zucc.) Gord.- Japanese larch tree Cercis siliquastrum L.- redbud tree Larix occidentalis Nutt.- western larch tree Chamaecyparis lawson ian a (A. Murr.) Pari.- Port-Orfordcedar tree Liquidambar styraciflua L. - sweetgum tree Chrysanthemum spp. - genus of chrysanthemum Citrus spp. -genus of citrus, including grapefruit, lemon, and orange Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbec - sweet orange tree Coffea arabica L. - arabic coffee, common coffee Cupressaceae - Cypress family Elaeis guineensis Jacq.- oil palm tree, American oil palm tree Eranthis hyemalis (L.) Salish. - winter aconite (for Eranthis) Eucalyptus spp.- genus of severalAustralian tall trees with wood valued as timber and having aromatic leaves that yield oils used in medicine Eucalyptus globulus Labill. - bluegum eucalyptus tree Liriodendron tulipifera L. - yellow poplar tree Litchi chinensis Sonn. - lychee Lycopersicon spp. - genus of tomatoes Lycopersicon chilense Dun. - wild tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Miller - goldapple, loveapple, tomato Macrozamia communis L.A.S. Johnson- palmlike plant of Australia Malus spp. - genus of apples Malus domestica Borkh. - common apple tree Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehd. - tea crabapple tree Medicago spp. - genus of alfalfa or lucern Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & Cheng - dawn redwood tree Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. - rosegum eucalyptus tree Musa spp. - genus of bananas Eucalyptus lansdowneana F.J. Muell. & J.E. Br.- crimson mallee box eucalyptus tree Olea spp.- genus of olive trees Eucalyptus nitens Maiden. - shining eucalyptus tree Eucalyptus occidentalis Endl. - flat-topped yate eucalyptus tree Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. - mountain-ash eucalyptus tree Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake - ampupu Nicotiana spp. - genus of tobacco Olea europaea L. - common olive trees Oryza sativa L. - rice Paulownia spp.- genus of several Chinese deciduous trees having large, heart shaped, opposite leaves and pyramidal panicles of purplish or white flowers with a spotted interior Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Siev. & Zucc. - foxglove tree Euglena spp.- genus of single-celled, freshwater organisms characterized by the presence of chlorophyll, a reddish eyespot, and a single anterior flagellum Petunia x hybrida Hort. Vilm. -Andr. - common garden petunia Fabaceae - beech family Phaseolus vulgaris L.- kidney bean, French bean, snap bean Ginkgoaceae - ginkgo family Picea spp. - genus of spruce trees 292 USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-297. 1997. Scientific and Common Names of Biological Organisms Associated With Populus Biotechnology Picea abies (L.) Karst- Norway spruce tree Salix babylonica L. - weeping willow tree Picea engelmanii Parry ex Engelm.- Engelmann spruce tree Salix caprea L. - European willow tree, goat willow tree Picea glauca (Moench) Voss - white spruce tree Salix Iucida Muhl.- shining willow tree Pinaceae - pine family Salix x smithiana Willd. - hybrid of 5. caprea and basket willow tree Pinus spp. - genus of pine trees Pinus lambertiana Dougl.- sugar pine tree Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don- western white pine tree Pinus palustris Mill. - longleaf pine tree Pinus pinaster Ait. - maritime pine tree Pinus radiata A.D. Don- Monterey pine tree Pinus rigida Mill.- pitch pine tree Pinus strobus L. - eastern white pine tree Pinus sylvestris L.- Scots' pine tree Pinus taeda L. - loblolly pine tree Pisum sativm L. - garden, common, English, and green pea Salix viminalis L. - basket willow tree Sambucus nigra L. - European elder tree Santalum album L. - sandal wood tree Solanum spp. - genus of cosmopolitan herbs and shrubs, including potato, eggplant, and nightshade Sophora japonica L.- Japanese pagoda-tree Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merrill & L.M. Perry- clove tree Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich - bald cypress tree Ulmus spp. - genus of elm trees Vitis vinifra L.- European grape, wine grape Zinnia spp. - genus of zinnia Prunus spp. - genus of cherry, peach, and plum trees Prunus cerasus L. - pie cherry, sour cherry Prunus japonica Thunb. -peach tree Microorganisms and Insects Prunus persica Batsch - peach tree Prunus serotina Ehrh.- black cherry tree Pseudotsuga spp. - genus of Douglas-fir trees Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco. - Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir tree, coast Douglas-fir tree Pyn1s spp. - genus of pear trees Pyrus nivalis Jacq.- snow pear tree Quercus accutissima Carruthers- sawtooth oak tree Quercus ilex L. - holly oak tree, Holm oak tree Quercus petraea (Mattushka) Lieblein.- durmast oak tree, sessile oak tree Quercus robur L. - English oak tree Raphanus sativus L. - radish plant Ribes nign1m L. - black currant Ricinus communis L. - castor bean Robinia pseudoaca~ia L.- black locust tree Rubus spp. - genus of raspberry and blackberry Salicaceae - willow family Salix spp. - genus of willow trees USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-297. 1997. Agrobacterium rhizogenes Conn -bacterial pathogen; cause of hairy root disease Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith & Townsend) Conn bacterial pathogen; cause of crown gall disease Alcaligenes eutrophus Davis in Davis, Doudoroff, Stanier and Mandel - Gram-negative eubacteria Aspergillus spp. P. Mich. ex Link: Fr.- genus of fungi that causes black mold of cotton bolls, fruits, vegetables Bacillus amyloliquefaciens a (sic) Fukumato -soil bacterium that breaks down proteins into polypeptides and resembles trypsin in its action Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner - pathogenic bacteria for insects; produces a crystalline product that is toxic tolarvae of Lepidoptera Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Haist. - fungal pathogen; cause of aspen canker Chondrostereum purpureum (Pets.: Fr.) Pouzar - fungal pathogen; cause of silver-leaf disease of fruit trees Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) - spruce budworm Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman- western spruce budworm 293 Section VI Appendices Choristoneura pinus Freeman -jack pine bud worm Melampsora spp. - genus of rust fungus Chrysomela populi L. - poplar leaf beetle Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. - rust fungus; cause of rust disease on Populus spp. and Larix spp. Chrysomela scripta Fabr.- cottonwood leaf beetle Chrysomela tremulae E - poplar leaf beetle Colletotrichum spp. Corda - genus of broad-host-range, fungal pathogens; cause of anthracnose, root rot, and seedling blight; also used as a biocontrol agent Melampsora medusae Thuem. - fungal pathogen; cause of cottonwood leaf rust Melampsora occidentalis H. Jacks. - fungal pathogen; cause of poplar rust Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in Penz. - conidal state of Glomerella cingulata; fungal pathogen causing anthracnose of citrus, banana, and other plants Mycosphaerella populorum G.E. Thompson- (anamorph: Septoria musiva)- fungal pathogen; cause of poplar leaf spot and canker Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Scribb.- fungal pathogen causing anthracnose of bean and other plants Ophiostoma ulmi (Buisman) Nann f. (formerly Ceratocystis ulmi Busim. C. Moreau) - fungal pathogen; cause of elm wilt disease Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Kruse) Lehmann and Neumann- bacterial pathogen; gram-positive, rod-shaped cause of diphtheria Paxillus involutus (Fr.) Fr. - ectomycorrhizal colonizer Cotesia melanoscela Ratzeburg - gypsy moth parasitoid Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr - fungal pathogen; cause of chestnut blight Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al. - bacterial pathogen; cause of fire blight disease on cottoneaster, pear, and apple · Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr. f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hans- fungal pathogen; cause of tomato and mimosa wilt Fusarium solani (Mart.) App. et Wr. emend. Snyd. et Hans. - broad host range, fungal pathogen causing root and stem rot, damping off, and vascular wilt Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & H. Schrenk - broad-host-range, fungal pathogen; cause of blight, leaf spot, rot, cankers, and dieback Heliothis virescens (Fabricius)- tobacco budworm Heliothis zea (Broddie) - bollworm Hyalophora cecropia (Linnaeus) - cecropia moth Hypoxylon mamma tum (Wahl.) Miller- fungal pathogen; cause of hypoxylon canker of aspen Phaeolus schweinitzii (Fr.: Fr.) Pat. - fungal pathogen; cause of conifer butt rot Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting) - imported willow leaf beetle Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) - Indianmeal moth Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) - diamondback moth Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula - bacterial pathogen of animals and plants Pseudomonas fluorescens (Trevisan) Migula -bacteria existing in soil and water that is the cause of soft rot disease Pseudomonas solanacearum Smith- bacterial wilt pathogen Pseudomonas syringae van Hall- bacterial spot and blight pathogen Salmonella spp. - genus of bacterial pathogen; various rodshaped bacteria, causes diseases in humans and animals, some are infectious Septaria musiva Peck (teleomorph: Mycosphaerella populorum) - fungal pathogen; cause of poplar leaf spot and canker Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton. - Ectomycorrhizal basidiomyceteous fungus Septaria populicola Peck (teleomorph: Mycosphaerella populicola G.E. Thompson) -fungal pathogen; causes leaf spot of poplar (e.g., Tacamahaca section) Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus) - gypsy moth Spodoptera exiqua (Hubner) -beet armyworm Malacosoma disstria (Hubner) - forest tent caterpillar Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) - tobacco homworm Tobacco Mosaic Virus- positive sense, single strand RNA virus with a broad host range Marssonina brunnea (Ell. & Ev.) Sacc. - fungal pathogen; cause of poplar and cottonwood leaf spot Xanthomonas populi (Ride) Ride & Ride- bacterial pathogen; cause of bacterial canker and dieback of Populus spp. 294 USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTA-297. 1997.