Your systems. Working as one.
Understanding the Internet of Things
Protocols
DDS, MQTT, XMPP, & AMQP
OMG Sept 2013
Stan Schneider, PhD
What is the Internet of Things?
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2
What is the Internet of Things?
• Cisco “Internet of Everything”
– …the latest wave of the Internet -- connecting
physical objects…to provide better safety, comfort,
and efficiency
• IBM “Internet of Things”
– …a completely new world-wide web, one comprised
of the messages that digitally empowered devices
would send to one another. It is the same Internet,
but not the same Web.
• GE “Industrial Internet”
– …convergence of machine and intelligent data…to
create brilliant machines
• RTI “Your Systems. Working as One.”
– …an entirely new utility. As profound as the cell
network, GPS, or the Internet itself. The Internet of
Things and the Intelligent Systems it enables will
fundamentally change our world.
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this legend.
3
What Connects the Things?
IoT Standard Protocols
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this legend.
4
MQTT: Collect Device Data
Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)
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this legend.
5
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this legend.
6
DDS: Distribute Device Data
Real-Time
Analytics &
Control
Operator HMI
Sensors
IT and/or
Cloud
Integration
Actuators
Data Distribution Service (DDS)
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7
XMPP
Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)
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this legend.
8
AMQP: Process Device Data (on Servers)
Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP)
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9
Connecting the Internet of Things
Web Services and Business Apps
Server-to-Server (S2S)
• S2S
–
–
–
–
Biz intelligence
Centralized/ESB
~100ms
MQ/AMQP
• D2S
Device
to
Server (D2S)
–
–
–
–
Collect data
Hub & spoke
~10ms
MQTT/CoAP
• D2S->P
– Link sparse endpoints
– XMPP
Device-to-Device
Devices and Intelligent Systems
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this legend.
• D2D
–
–
–
–
Control, distribute
DataBus
~.01ms
DDS
10
DDS Builds Intelligent Systems
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11
DDS: The Software DataBus
• Data centric
– Like a database for
moving data
• Decouples modules
– Like SOA
• Plug and play flexibility
– Like a hardware bus
Data-Centric
DataBus™
Messaging Bus
• Peer-to-peer
performance
– Like streaming protocols
• Standards-based
interoperability
– Like TCP/IP
Scalable, high performance, reliable infrastructure
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12
Managing State
• Data centric
– Single version of truth
– Known structure
– Clear rules for access, changes, updates
• Technologies
– Database
– Data-centric middleware
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13
Intelligent Distributed Systems Need…
• Reliable Operation
• Deterministic
Performance
• System Integration
• Flexible Transports
• Crisp Interface Design
• Easy Tech Upgrades
• Multi-Channel
Connections
• Open Architecture
• Wireless Links
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Legacy Integration
Hardware in the Loop
Scalability
Database Integration
High Throughput
Reliable Uptime
Industry Interoperation
Small Device Connection
Large Fan In/Out
Real-Time and IT
Integration
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14
Reliable Operation
• The LPD-17 Ship-Wide
Area Network (SWAN)
runs machinery,
damage control,
steering, magnetic
signature, mission
control, navigation,
communication
• Redundant networks,
data, sensors and RTI
middleware provide
non-stop reliability
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this legend.
15
Real-Time Performance
• The Ship Self Defense
System is the “last line
of defense”
• SSDS coordinates highspeed radars, targets
defensive missiles, and
directs 1000+
rounds/sec at incoming
cruise missiles
• SSDS is at sea now
• RTI delivers messages in
real time
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16
System Integration
• RTI is the leading
vendor of combat
system messaging
• RTI connects
disparate systems,
merges multiple
languages on multiple
operating systems,
handles DIL links and
legacy interfaces for
LCS
• RTI enables easy,
large-scale integration
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17
Navy Open Architecture
• Next-generation of
–
–
–
–
–
–
Aegis
DDG 1000
SSDS
LCS (both variants)
LPD-17
Many more, US and allies
• Highly distributed systems
include radar, weapons,
displays, controls
• Standards-based, highperformance middleware
avoids vendor lock-in and
future-proofs the architectural
design
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18
Fast Emergency Response
• Exelis (ITT) C4i provides command and control systems
for military and civilian agencies (fire/police/emergency
response)
• RTI Connext DDS connects GUIs to servers that route
voice and video
• RTI met the critical needs: scalability, routing, recording
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this legend.
19
EMS System Platform
• The largest EMS
equipment provider
will use RTI for their
entire product line…for
the next 20 years
• Provides emergency
response equipment
to 60% of the world’s
emergency vehicles
• RTI middleware
provides easy
connectivity,
performance,
reliability, medical
certification option
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this legend.
20
EMS Remote Monitoring
Connecting devices with hospitals to provide better treatment while en-route
4G/LTE
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this legend.
21
High Throughput Medical Imaging
• RTI powers Varian’s
NMR and MRI
product lines
• Any one of the
sixteen MRI receivers
can saturate a 1Gbit
network.
“RTI delivered great functionality at a low cost. Using RTI middleware saved
us a lot of money, time, and effort compared to our previous in-house
developed solution.”
• RTI controls and
optimizes network
use to handle
megabytes of load
without losing data
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this legend.
22
High Rate Distributed Control
• The Minimally
Invasive Robotic
Surgery (MIRS) system
at DLR coordinates
three robots to
perform delicate
heart surgery.
• The system closes a
distributed loop
between the robots
and the remote
surgeon’s control at
3kHz.
• RTI delivers messages
in real time
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this legend.
23
Hospital Patient Safety
• Preventable
hospital error is
the 6th leading
cause of death
• DocBox integrates
devices with a
decision engine to
improve patient
safety
• RTI Connext ties
together devices,
services, and
displays in real
time
“RTI Connext DDS met all our needs – whether
we’re handling 12 patients, or 200.”
-- DocBox Founder, Tracy Rausch
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this legend.
24
Industry Interoperation
• The Integrated Clinical
Environment (ICE) standard
specifies interoperability for
medical devices
• All ICU & operating room
devices — from blood pressure
cuffs to intravenous pumps to
ventilators — could be
interconnected according to
the ICE standard
– Complete logging
– Automatic error detection
– Better care
• The DDS standard and RTI
middleware enables plug &
play interoperability across
manufacturers
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this legend.
25
Clinical Decision Support Systems
Administration
HL7/EMR Gateway, Enterprise, 3rd Party
Care Area
Workstations,
Storage, Historical
Room
Devices
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this legend.
26
CDS System of Systems
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27
Hospital Integration
• Hospital net challenge
– 1000s of patients, >100k
devices
– Wired/wireless/ISM
– Moving patients
– 100% uptime, security
– Real-time waveforms
• RTI advanced response
–
–
–
–
–
Smart data filtering
Routed deployment
Optimized updates
Automated test harness
Control plane
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28
Reliable Uptime
• Mevion’s ProtonBeam Radiation
Therapy system zaps
tumors with
accelerated protons
• The treatment must
be continuous for 3040 days; downtime
endangers treatment
success
• With RTI, Mevion’s
PBRT delivers
dependable
treatment at low cost
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29
24x7 Operation
RTI Connext DDS was selected
for its extensive compliance
with the Object Management
Group (OMG) DDS standard; its
high security rating; its wide
support of tools and
programming languages, and
its reputation for performance,
scalability and 24/7 reliability.
– Sid Koslow, Chief
Technology Officer, NAV
CANADA.
Air Traffic Control for Canada
2nd largest ANSP in the world
80 sites
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30
Flexible Transports
"In the past we probably would
have developed an expensive,
proprietary system for data
communications. By using RTI,
we were able to deliver a
proven, reliable and cost
effective solution to our
customers.”
• CAE, one of the
world's leading
providers of
simulation and
training, uses RTI over
high-bandwidth IEEE1394 for its flight
simulator
• Middleware provides
transport portability
and architecture
interoperability
- Peter Jarvis, Chief Designer
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31
Database Integration
• Light and strong
advanced composites
make advanced aircraft
quiet and efficient
• Lund Engineering uses
RTI to integrate the
composite inspection
system
• Critically, all data must
be saved for validation;
RTI’s database
integration saves all
data to permanent
storage
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this legend.
32
Advanced Ground Stations
• General Atomics Ground
Control Stations deliver
real-time data
acquisition, analysis, and
response for unmanned
aircraft systems such as
Predator®
• GA selected RTI for
proven software &
services
• Middleware and open
architecture speeds
development, lowers
costs
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33
Interoperable Open Architecture
• RTI leads in defining
a standard
architectures for
unmanned vehicles
and avionics
• RTI chairs the
architecture for UCS
(ground stations)
and is key at FACE
(avionics)
• RTI is building a
DO178C-level A
safety-certified DDS
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34
DDS Enables Open Architecture
Navy CCRL
OSD UCS
AF Avionics
GVA DEF STAN 23-09
Army COE© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with
this legend.
35
Advanced Automotive
• The VW Driver Assistance
and Integrated Safety
system combines radars,
laser range finders, and
video to assist safe
operation
• It helps avoid obstacles,
detect lane departures,
track eye activity, and safely
negotiate bends
• Advanced safety systems
must connect to existing
hardware. RTI middleware
bridges high speed
networking to the CAN bus
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36
Modular HIL Testing
• A modern car contains
100+ CPUs
• Audi uses hardware-inthe-loop simulation to
feed realistic data to
components in a lab
for testing
• RTI middleware
enables a modular test
environment that
scales to work with
hundreds of devices
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this legend.
37
Rail Asset Tracking
• Wi-Tronix systems
wirelessly monitor highvalue mobile assets such
as locomotives,
industrial equipment
and marine vessels
• RTI addressed critical
issues such as optimized
flow and discovery
process over a wireless
network
• RTI middleware works
effectively over lossy
wireless networks
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this legend.
38
Fan Out/Fan In
• Blue Force Tracker (JBC-P)
must process 200,000+
tracks.
• The legacy design was:
–
–
–
–
–
Proprietary
1.5m SLOC
12,000 tracks
11 servers w/88 cores
Unreliable
• The DDS design is:
–
–
–
–
–
–
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100% standards based
50k SLOC
250,000 tracks
80% of a single core
Fully redundant
Reliable multicast
39
Monitoring Tokyo Traffic
• Tokyo traffic system
provides real-time
information to
commuters and
officials
• RTI middleware
coordinates
hundreds of traffic
monitors and
information kiosks
• Various server &
client platforms,
types of links
• RTI supports widearea deployment
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this legend.
Transportation
40
Industrial Automation
• Schneider PLCs
operate modern
factories
• Manufacturing
requires fast data,
even with limited
memory and
processing power
• RTI middleware
connects powerful
computers to
deeply embedded
devices with limited
memory
DDS wire spec first standardized
as part of IEC 61850
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41
Large SCADA Systems
• NASA KSC’s new
Constellation launch
control SCADA system
• RTI delivered 300k
instances, at 400k
msgs/sec with 5x the
required throughput, at
1/5 the needed latency
• NASA mitigates risk by
parallel-tracking multiple
DDS vendors
• RTI connects thousands of
sensors and actuators
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42
Scalability
• Harmonic
transmission and
video switching
equipment delivers
worldwide video-ondemand
• RTI handles 1,000s of
clients, 1,000,000s of
messages
• RTI enables highperformance
scalability and future
extensibility
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this legend.
43
Harsh Environment Operations
• Joy Mining is the
world’s largest
mining equipment
manufacturer
• RTI connects the
controller, operator
GUI, and historian
• Reliable, fast
connectivity enables
control, debugging,
and system health
monitoring for
continuous mining
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44
Wireless Links
• NASA’s Human-Robotic
Systems prototypes robots
for extraterrestrial surfaces
• The project coordinates
four NASA centers building
four different robots. They
operate in realistic
environments, including
over low-bandwidth, highdelay, lossy
communications
• RTI middleware allows
these very different
systems to share common
data communications over
disadvantaged links
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this legend.
45
Flexible Data Link
• NASA’s Human-Robotic
Systems prototypes
robots for
extraterrestrial surfaces
• The project coordinates
four NASA centers
building four different
robots.
• NASA uses DDS for lowbandwidth, high-delay,
lossy ISS-earth
communications
• RTI middleware
communicates over
disadvantaged links
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46
Precision Instrumentation
• European Southern
Observatory’s Very
Large Telescope can
see objects four
billion times fainter
than can be seen
with the unaided eye
• The telescopes use
hundreds of servo
mirrors and scientific
instruments
• RTI middleware
coordinates precise
control and
measurement
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47
Power Monitoring and Control
• MicroGrids connect
generation, load, and
storage to optimize
usage and eliminate
traditional grid
infrastructure
• Deploying at large
Canadian Utility
• Connext™ DDS
middleware seamlessly
integrates apps,
enforces security,
merges NI LabVIEW
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with
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48
Real-Time & IT Integration
• Siemens Wind Power
fields farms of 500
turbines with 100m
blades
• RTI enables fast
control within
turbines and
distributed gust
mitigation across the
array
• RTI will also
integrate with
predictive
maintenance and
business diagnostics
• RTI melds real-time
with IT
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49
Why a DataBus Transport?
• Reduced risk
– Proven, reusable, powerful
• Elegant architecture
– Reduced coupling speeds development
– QoS control simplifies integration
• Advanced capability
–
–
–
–
Redundancy, fan out, fan in
Transport, OS, language transparency
Integration, hot-swap, scalability
Security, IoT connectivity
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DataBus™
50
The DDS Ecosystem
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52
Management’s
sole strategic
imperative is
to engage
competition
Bill Barnett, Stanford
GSB
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Permission granted to distribute with this
legend.
53
Interoperability between the applications demonstrated by
six different vendors in 2012
OCI
ETRI
PrismTech
IBM
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RTI
TwinOaks
54
Our Transformation
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55
“It seems you’ve
been living two lives.
One of these lives
has a future, and
one of them does
not.”
The time has come for
RTI to reinvent itself.
RTI’s New Business Model
• 100% Free: Open Community Source
• Vastly simpler commercial pricing
– Simple = One project metric
– Fair = That metric scales with investment
– Open = Predictable. No nasty surprises.
Free Project
IC: FACE
Paid commercial
license
Scope: Project
Free Project
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this legend.
Paid commercial
license
Scope: Project
Free Project
Paid commercial
license
Scope: Project
57
The Friction is Gone!
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58
IoT Protocol Soup
App
App
• S2S: BI, storage, cloud, slow, 100ms
• D2S: Telemetry, hub & spoke, 10ms
• D2D: Control/dist, Databus, .01ms
App
MQ, AMQP
Broker/ESB
MQTT
CoAP
App
App
RS
RS
App
DDS
XMPP
App
App
App
Device
Device
Device
Device
App
Device
Device
Device
App
App
App
Intelligent System
Device
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59
About RTI
• Market Leader
– Over 70% DDS mw market share1
– Largest embedded middleware vendor2
– 2013 Gartner Cool Vendor for technology
and Open Community Source model
• Standards Leader
– Active in 15 standards efforts
– OMG Board of Directors
– DDS authors, chair, wire spec, security, more
• Real-Time Pedigree
– Founded by Stanford researchers
– High-performance control, tools history
• Maturity Leader
– ~700 designs; by far the most-used DDS
– 500,000+ licensed copies
– TRL 9
1Embedded Market
2VDC
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this legend.
Forecasters
Analyst Report
60
Global Support and Distribution
2008
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this legend.
62
RTI Connext™: Edge to Enterprise
Diverse
Apps/Systems
Data Centric
Publish Subscribe
High Reliability &
Security
Pub/Sub API
(DDS subset)
Pub/Sub API
(Full DDS)
Messaging API
(DDS++ & JMS)
Adapt,
Xform,Route
Connext
Micro
Connext
DDS
Connext
Messaging
Connext
Integrator
Small Devices
RTI DataBus™
Administration
Recording
Persistence
Monitoring
Replay
Logging
Visualization
Common Tools and Infrastructure Services
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63
One Protocol to Rule Them All?
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64
The IoT is HUGE & Varied
10ms–1s
10μs–10ms
Timeliness of Response
> 1s
Web Services and Business Apps
Server-to-Server (S2S)
Control
Plane
Device
to
Server (D2S)
Device-to-Device
Devices and Intelligent Systems
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with
this legend.
65
The Future is Soon
The Future is Ours
© 2013 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Permission granted to distribute with
this legend.
67
Find out more…
www.rti.com
dds.omg.org
community.rti.com
www.omg.org
demo.rti.com
www.youtube.com/realtimeinnovations
blogs.rti.com
www.twitter.com/RealTimeInnov
www.facebook.com/RTIsoftware
www.slideshare.net/GerardoPardo
© 2012 RTI • ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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