Anticipated effects of reduced snowpack on wetland
arthropod assemblages in the Sierra Nevada and
White Mountains: Assorted data and tarsal waving
Jeff Holmquist & Jutta Schmidt-Gengenbach
University of California
White Mountain Research Station
Nat. Park Service Sierra Nevada Network
Yosemite National Park
Sequoia/Kings Canyon National Parks
Devils Postpile National Monument
S Haultain, H Werner, L Mutch, P Moore,
B Johnson, J Smiley, L Pierotti, C Karplus,
M Rose, J Love, L Acree, P Norquist, J Jones
D Giuliani, J Roche, K Ogden, A Santiago,
C Clifford, D Pritchett, J Dillingham, N Acevedo
Werner
Yosemite:
Devils Postpile:
Sequoia/
Kings Canyon:
Global Observation Research Initiative in Alpine Environments
Family richness/50 sweeps
Family richness, White Mtns terrestrial fauna
20
15
E Berlow
10
Repeated measures ANOVA
p= 0.0037
5
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 39
2007
Normal
Wet
79
2008
119
2006
Family richness (D Mg)
Family richness (Margalef’s), White Mtns terrestrial fauna
5
4
3
Repeated measures ANOVA
p= 0.034
2
1
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 39
2007
Normal
79
2008
Wet
119
2006
Species richness/50 sweeps
Species richness, White Mtns terrestrial fauna
30
25
20
15
Repeated measures ANOVA
p= 0.0050
10
5
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 39
2007
Normal
79
2008
Wet
119
2006
Species richness (DMg)
Species richness (Margalef’s), White Mtns terrestrial fauna
8
6
4
Repeated measures ANOVA
p= 0.035
2
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 39
2007
Normal
Wet
79
2008
119
2006
Total individuals/50 sweeps
Abundance, White Mtns terrestrial fauna
100
80
60
40
Repeated measures ANOVA
p= 0.023
20
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 39
2007
Normal
79
2008
Wet
119
2006
Dominance, White Mtns terrestrial fauna
% Dominance
80
60
40
Repeated measures ANOVA
p= 0.022
20
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 39
2007
Normal
79
2008
Wet
119
2006
Response of 57 individual families to dry year
Reduced abundance
>80% reduction in abundance
Absence
48 of 57
45 of 57
33 of 57
Overall trend: p <0.0005 (1-tailed sign test)
Lance Iversen, San Francisco Chronicle
Number of Individuals/m
2
Abundance, Tuolumne Meadows aquatic and terrestrial fauna
2000
1500
P Moore
2004, Max SWE= 51cm
1000
2005, Max SWE= 71cm
2x2 ANOVA
AQUATvTERR
YEAR
INTERACTION
500
0
Aquatic
Terrestrial
p< 0.0001
p= 0.25
p= 0.027
Family richness/m 2
Family richness, Tuolumne Meadows aquatic and terrestrial fauna
8
6
2004, Max SWE= 51cm
4
2005, Max SWE= 71cm
2x2 ANOVA
AQUATvTERR p= 0.93
YEAR
p= 0.92
INTERACTION p= 0.020
2
0
Aquatic
Terrestrial
Family richness (DMg)
Family richness (Margalef’s), Tuolumne aquatic and terrestrial fauna
2.5
P Moore
2
2004, Max SWE= 51cm
1.5
2005, Max SWE= 71cm
1
2x2 ANOVA
AQUATvTERR p< 0.0001
YEAR
p= 0.98
INTERACTION p= 0.016
0.5
0
Aquatic
Terrestrial
Family richness (DMg)
Family richness (Margalef’s), Tuolumne Meadows aquatic
2
1.5
1
1x3 ANOVA
p= 0.019
0.5
0
Dry
Max SWE (cm): 30
2007
Normal
51
2004
Wet
71
2005
Aquatic Fauna and Dominant Vegetation
2600
*
Carex utriculata
Deschampsia
*
1300
650
*
Ep
h em
e ro
pte
ra
Co
leo
pt e
ra
Dip
t er
a
0
To
t al
Individuals/m 2
1950
*
One tailed,
independent t-test, p <0.05
Aquatic Fauna and Dominant Vegetation
Carex utriculata
Deschampsia
*
Sign test across all arthropod taxa
p < 0.01
8
Individuals/m2
*
6
One tailed,
independent t-test, p <0.05
*
*
4
2
0
0
Acari
Trichoptera
0
Odonata
Hemiptera
Mid-Season
Late Season
Role of predators?
2
Mean number of individuals/m
1500
1200
900
600
Mosquitos
Mayflies
300
0
<2 predators/m2
>2 predators/m2
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K