Perspectives on the
Unified Modeling Language
semantics
10th SDL Forum
Copenhagen, June 2001
Trygve Reenskaug, Mogul Norway, Oslo
http://www.ifi.uio.no/~trygver
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:02 AM.
Slide 1
Three Disciplines
of Computing
Comples
Processes
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:03 AM.
Slide 2
Object Management Group
A World of Interacting Objects
"…drive the industry towards interoperable,
portable software components based on
standard object-oriented interfaces."
Comples
Processes
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:03 AM.
Slide 3
First OMG Achievement
CORBA
Common Object Request Broker
Architecture
IDL : interfaces
& operations
Comples
Processes
XML : encoding information
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:04 AM.
Slide 4
Second OMG Achievement
Unified Modeling Language
The UML Specification defines a graphical
language for visualizing, specifying,
constructing, and documenting the artifacts
of distributed object systems.
Comples
Processes
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:04 AM.
Slide 5
A system is
a chosen view on reality
A system is a part of the real world which
we choose to regard as a whole,
separated from the rest of the world during
some period of consideration.
A whole that we choose to consider as a
collection of components,
each component being characterized by
attributes and by actions which may
involve itself and other components.
Holbæk_Hanssen et.al.: System Description and the Delta Language
Oslo, 1977
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:05 AM.
Slide 6
Open Systems
For a given system,
the environment is the set of all
components outside the system
that affect the system
or that are affected by the system.
Etzioni: Modern Organizations
Prentice-Hall, 1964
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:05 AM.
Slide 7
An Open system
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:06 AM.
Slide 8
Another Open system
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:06 AM.
Slide 9
Perspectives on
System Components
Classification: Group on common characteristics
Artifact: Group on common purpose.
• People categorize objects in terms of they roles the play
within intuitive theories about how the world operates.
• Artifacts can't be defined by their shape or their
constitution, only by what they can do and by what
someone, somewhere, wants them to do.
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:07 AM.
Slide 10
Use Case Model
of Open System
ActivityNetworkDemo
UseCase 1: Generate test networks
Actor
UseCase 2: Frontload
UseCase 3: Allocate resource
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:08 AM.
Slide 11
Model Systems & Components with
Collaborations & Roles
System: collection of Components
Collaboration: collection of Roles
UML ClassifierRole
ActivityNetworkDemo
/ Tool
Actor
Model Behavior:
• Use Cases
• Interactions
• Sequence Diagrams
• State Machines
• Activity Graphs
Perspectives on UML semantics
/ Planning
Service
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:08 AM.
Slide 12
Composition / Decomposition
UML Subsystem: Behavioural grouping
Component = Sub-System
Role = Sub-Collaboration
UML Subsystem
ActivityNetworkDemo
/ Tool
Actor
Model Behavior:
• Use Cases
• Interactions
• Sequence Diagrams
• State Machines
• Activity Graphs
Perspectives on UML semantics
/ Planning
Service
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:09 AM.
Slide 13
Deployment
UML Component: Deployable Subsystem
Component = Sub-System
Role = Sub-Collaboration
UML Component
ActivityNetworkDemo
/ Tool
Actor
Model Behavior:
• Use Cases
• Interactions
• Sequence Diagrams
• State Machines
• Activity Graphs
Perspectives on UML semantics
/ Planning
Service
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:09 AM.
Slide 14
Finally:
Two Perspectives on UML Models
• Class Perspective:
Classes, Inheritance,
Packages, Deployment
• Role Perspective
Collaborations, Roles,
Containment, Behavior
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:10 AM.
Slide 15
Thank You
More info at
http://ifi.uio.no/~trygver
Perspectives on UML semantics
© Trygve Reenskaug 2001
5/29/2016 3:32:10 AM.
Slide 16