Co-control: Actions after co-benefits
Hu Tao
Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy(PRCEE),
SEPA
Haakon Vennemo
ECON analysis
Oct. 17-19, 2004, Oslo
Outline
Demand of SEPA, China
Review of co-benefits
Concept of co-control
Design of co-control policy
Demand of SEPA
Niche of SEPA in the field of climate
change
As a key demander of co-benefits study
Demand-driven questions after
measurement of co-benefits
What should do?
How should do?
Review of co-benefits
GHGs
Co-benefits
Pollution
control
Policy intervention
Impact analysis
Review of co-benefits
Evolution of co-benefit studies
• Stage 1 pre-co-benefit period: local pollution control
policy and climate change policy are thought
independent;
• Stage 2 co-benefit measurement period: it’s realized
that local pollution and GHGs are linked to each other
and efforts to measure co-benefits are made.
• Stage 3 co-benefit impact analysis period: co-benefit
impacts on local pollution control policy and GHG
policy are analyzed.
Review of co-benefits
Evolution of co-benefit studies
Stage 4: policy interventions?
• Co-control as one of the policy interventions
Concept of co-control
Objective: to maximize net co-benefits (cobenefits minus control costs)
Target: both local pollution and GHGs.
Ways: to actively control both GHGs and
local pollutants together
Concept of co-control
There are different level co-controls
co-control measures at micro technical level
co-control action with varies co-control
measures combination at project level
co-control plans with co-control projects and
programs combination at macro policy level
Design of co-control policy
Design
co-control policy at regional/national level
Combination of different co-control technical
measures as well as projects/programs
to reach maximum of co-benefits at macro
regional/national level
Design of co-control policy
Design
Maximizing net benefits
Total Cost of all control measures
Benefits of both air pollution and GHGs as
well as other benefits
Budget constrains
Design of co-control policy
Total Emission Control (TEC) as an example
Background of existing TEC
• A major current pollution control policy of China
• Cap for 12 local pollutants, including water, air and solid
wastes
Possible co-benefits
• Estimation of air pollution control benefits
• Estimation of carbon reduction
Re-design of TEC
• add GHG as a new control goal
• China and the world would gain more co-benefits
• Combination of energy efficiency measures, low carbon
technology measures etc.
Design of co-control policy
Policy simulation
Re-designed policy behaves
Maximizing the net benefits
Discussion!
Tusen Takk！