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TABLE OF CONTENTS
IRCF REPTILES
IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS
• VOL15, NO&
4 •AMPHIBIANS • 22(3):134 • SEP
DEC 2008 189
IRCF
REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS
C O N S E R V AT I O N A N D N AT U R A L H I S T O R Y
T A B L E
O F
C O N T E N T S
Amphibian Disease: Bsal
North America Call to Action
FEATURE ARTICLES
Issue
 Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin:
On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer
190
 The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada:
A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson
198
RESEARCH ARTICLES
A new amphibian fungal pathogen “Bsal” was identified in 2013 from
 The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry
a wild salamander
die-off
in Europe.
Studies
 The
Knight Anole
(Anolis equestris)
in Florida show that Bsal kills North
............................................. Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky
American salamanders.
Bsal is not known to occur in North America
currently, but pathways
entry
C O N S E R Vfor
A T Iits
ON
A L E do
R T exist. Interagency and international
Mammals
.............................................................................................................................................................
collaboration and World’s
action
will inbeCrisis
essential
to prevent or reduce risk of Bsal
 More Than Mammals ......................................................................................................................................................................
introduction to the
Canada,...........................................................................................................................................
and Mexico.
 TheUnited
“Dow JonesStates,
Index” of Biodiversity
204
212
220
223
225
BackgroundH U S B A N D R Y
 Captive Care of the Central Netted Dragon ....................................................................................................... Shannon Plummer
226
Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, or Bsal, is native to Asia, and
Rough-skinned Newt, Taricha granulosa.
PROFILE
Credit: Elke Wind, BC, Canada.
Asian salamanders
carry the fungus without showing signs of disease.
 Kraig Adler: A Lifetime Promoting Herpetology ................................................................................................ Michael L. Treglia 234
Asian salamanders are held in international captive collections, and are
MENTARY
common pets;CofO M
the
nearly 3 million salamanders imported to the U.S. over the past decade, >85% were Asian
 The Turtles Have Been Watching Me ........................................................................................................................ Eric Gangloff 238
salamanders. First detected and identified in the Netherlands, in the last year Bsal has been detected in captive
OK REVIEW
salamanders inB Othe
United Kingdom. This pathogen has proved to be lethal to multiple species in both captive
 Threatened Amphibians of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox,
and wild situations.R.ItBerridge,
is an P.emerging
infectious
disease that is at an early stage of global
transmission.
Wildlife
Ramani, and B.E.
Young ..............................................................................................................
Robert
Powell 243
scientists and managers aim to contain or treat infected animals in captive situations, and preempt the pathogen’s
 CONSERVATION RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ................................. 245
introduction to
wild populations outside its Asian range.
 NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ................................. 247
 NEWBRIEFS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 248
 EDITORIAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 251
 FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ............................................................................................... 252
Why we care
North America is a global hotspot for salamander diversity, home to nearly
50% of all species. Salamanders play key ecosystem roles, as they are centrally
nested in food webs and occur both in water and on land. We use salamanders as
Back Cover. Michael Kern
Front Cover. Shannon Plummer.
metrics
of environmental
change,
theyaudant
are critical
to biomedical research that
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human
health
affect amphibians, and despite the
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potentially
dramatic
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threat,
it is controllable at this time.
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Eastern Newt eft,
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Credit: Marty Silver, TN, USA.
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PARC’s
develop
a Strategic
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approaches to protect our North American natural heritage, our native species,
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and ecological functions, as well as ecosystem services for human goods and
services that these species provide.
Bsal Strategic Action Plan components
1. Identify Bsal entry routes into the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
2. Develop strategies to prevent the risk of Bsal entry to North America, and
specifically its introduction into wild populations.
3. Develop continental surveillance strategies for wild and captive
populations.
4. Develop and improve response and intervention strategies (containment,
treatment) if Bsal is detected.
5. Identify education and outreach strategies to enhance public awareness
and biosecurity compliance.
134
For more information
PARC Disease Task Team,
Information Portal:
http://www.parcplace.org/
parcplace/resources/diseasetask-team.html
2015