Department of Social Sciences Queensborough Community College/CUNY 222-05 56th Avenue Bayside, NY 11364 718-631-6251 2010-11 SS510 Course Assessment Project “Closing the Loop” Meeting 11-30-11 1:15-2:00 p.m. M-105 In Attendance: J. Culkin, J. Jankowski, M. Peller, R. Perrotto, D. Springer We met to discuss implementation of the Action Plan from the SS510 Individual Course Assessment Report of May 2011 (see attachment). Each of the four items from the Action Plan was discussed, and the following decisions were reached: Item 1: A copy of the General Education and Individual Course Objectives for SS510 will be distributed to all psychology faculty with instructions to include them on course outlines distributed to students. Timetable for Implementation: Spring 2012 semester Item 2: Individual faculty will be informed that they may emphasize to students their own priorities for objectives as pertains to their classes. Timetable for Implementation: Spring 2012 semester Item 3: The wording of Individual Course Objective will be revised to increase clarity of meaning (see attachment). From: Students will read psychological text effectively. To: Students will understand readings in psychology (e.g., books, articles, website documents). Timetable for Implementation: Fall 2011 semester Item 4: Participants in the meeting constituted an Ad Hoc Committee as noted in the Action Plan. We recommend that whenever possible psychology faculty point out to their students where assignments, readings, and other academic activities address specific General Education and Individual Course Objectives. Timetable for Implementation: Spring 2012 semester 1 Queensborough Community College/CUNY Department of Social Sciences Individual Course Assessment Report SPRING 2011 Date Submitted: May 2011 Course No./Title: SS510 Psychology Course Description (from QCC Catalog): Introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Topics include research methods, biological bases of brain and mind, sensation-perception, sleep and states of consciousness, learning-memory, development, cognition-intelligence, motivation-emotion, personality, abnormal psychology-therapy, and social psychology. Research findings and principles related to everyday life. General Education Objectives (GEO) Assessed: GEO2. Use analytical reasoning to identify issues or problems and evaluate evidence in order to make informed decisions GEO5 Integrate knowledge and skills in their program of study GEO8 Use historical or social sciences perspectives to examine formation of ideas, human behavior, social institutions, or social processes Individual Course Objectives (ICO) Assessed: ICO1. Students will read psychological text effectively. ICO2. Students will critically evaluate theories and concepts in psychology. ICO3. Students will analyze research in psychology. ICO4. Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. ICO5. Students will apply psychology to real-life events. 2 Curricular Objectives (CO) Assessed: None Participants No. Sections Assessed: 41 No. Students Assessed: 875 Course Assessment Method See Appendix A for SS510 Psychology Outcomes Survey. Course Assessment Results: Narrative Summary Forty-one sections of SS 510 (Psychology) representing a total of 875 students completed a course evaluation in fall, 2010. The survey asked the respondents to indicate whether they agreed with each of ten statements designed to measure either a General Education objective, an Individual Course objective, or both. For ease of scoring, all 10 items were keyed so that “agree” signified that the objective was met. As shown in the General Education Objectives Results Table below, analysis of the results indicated strong agreement for nine of the statements. Agreement ranged from 57-89% across the 10 statements with statement #6, “This class helped me to apply psychological perspectives to the understanding of human behavior,” receiving the highest agreement, and statement #7, “This class helped me to read psychological text (e.g., books, articles) effectively,” receiving the lowest agreement. A comparison of results in the General Education vs. Individual Course Objectives Tables indicates that overall students agreed more with the statements representing General Education Objectives (mean agreement of 83.8%) than with statements representing Individual Course Objectives (mean agreement of 71.6%.) With the exception of statement #6 that 3 represents both General Education Objective 8 and Individual Course Objective 5, every statement of Individual Course Objectives received lower agreement than any statement on General Education Objectives. I. General Education Objectives (GEO) Results Gen Ed Objectives Results Summary Table Gen Ed Objective Survey Question Q1 GEO2 Q2 GEO2 Mean Q3 GEO5 Q4 GEO5 Mean Q5 GEO8 Q6 GEO8 Mean GEO2,5,8 Overall Mean 4 Agree N (%) 84 87 85.5 87 69 78 87 89 88 83.8 II. Individual Course Objectives (ICO) Results Individual Course Objectives (ICO) Results Summary Table Individual Course Survey Objective Question ICO1 Q7 ICO2 Q8 ICO3 Q9 ICO4 Q10 ICO5 Q6 ICO1-5 Mean Agree N (%) 57 71 70 71 89 71.6 Conclusions How then did SS510 fare with regard to its helping students achieve the General Education and Individual Course Objectives? If we apply the grading standards of QCC in translating numerical grades to letter grades, we can rank the grades for each objective as follows: 1) 87% (B+) for General Education Objective 8: Use historical or social sciences perspectives to examine formation of ideas, human behavior, social institutions, or social processes; and for Individual Course Objective 5: Students will apply psychology to real-life events. 2) 85.5% (B) for General Education Objective 2: Use analytical reasoning to identify issues or problems and evaluate evidence in order to make informed decisions 3) 78% (C+) for General Education Objective 5: Integrate knowledge and skills in their program of study 5 4) 71, 70, and 71 (C-) for Individual Course Objectives 2, 3, and 4, respectively: ICO2: Students will critically evaluate theories and concepts in psychology. ICO3: Students will analyze research in psychology. ICO4: Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. 5) 57% (F) for Individual Course Objective 1: Students will read psychological text effectively. The low percentage (57%) of students who agreed with statement #7 “This class helped me to read psychological text (e.g., books, articles) effectively”, while still a majority, is considerably lower than the number agreeing with the rest of the survey. One possible explanation for this somewhat atypical result is that the students may have interpreted the word “read” to indicate the process of decoding the written symbols corresponding to speech rather than its intended meaning “to understand.” Some instructors assign or recommend supplementary readings (e.g., books, articles, etc.) in addition to the required text. Others do not. Thus, those students of the latter group who might have misinterpreted “read” would not agree with statement #7 as there were no additional reading assignments in their course. Interestingly, there were higher levels of agreement with the statements measuring the General Education objectives than for those reflecting Individual Course objectives . This outcome might be expected if the entire Psychology faculty were mindful of the General Education objectives but emphasized different Individual Course objective in their specific class(es). That is, some might emphasize empirical work, others clinical. Nonetheless, it was particularly gratifying to note that statement 6, “This class helped me to apply psychological perspectives to the understanding of human behavior” which satisfies both General Education and Individual Course objectives produced the highest level of agreement of all ten statements. 6 Action Plan Description of action plan for addressing issues raised by course assessment project. Timetable for action plan implementation As the data indicate, there was stronger agreement for attainment of the General Education objectives than for the Individual Course objectives. In order to increase the latter the following suggestions are offered: 1. Psychology faculty could list on their syllabus what objectives the course aims to fulfill to inform the students as to what will be emphasized. Then, as the semester progresses, when a specific instance of a course objective emerges, the students can be alerted to it. 2. Psychology faculty could rank their priorities from a complete list of acceptable individual course objectives. In addition, the faculty could be asked to briefly describe how they (could/would) achieve these goals. From this, a list of the (3, 4, 5, ?) most valued course objectives along with their accompanying examples could be distributed to all Psychology faculty to use as a guide when developing future syllabi, reading lists, assignments, etc. 3. The wording of Individual Course Objective #1 should be revised to clarify its intended meaning. It should state: Students will understand psychological text effectively. 4. Psychology faculty should discuss among themselves ways of integrating activities, readings, and/or assignments into SS510 to better help students achieve the Individual Course Objectives 1-4. To this end an Ad Hoc Committee of psychology faculty can be formed to address this issue. 7 APPENDIX A SS-510 Psychology Outcomes Survey Please indicate whether you agree or disagree with these statements by marking the Scantron form in the following way: A = You agree with the statement. B = You are neutral about the statement. (You do not agree or disagree.) C = You disagree with the statement. 1. This class helped me to discuss theories, concepts, and debates in psychology. 2. This class helped me to analyze theories of human psychology. 3. This class helped me to understand of the role of psychological processes in everyday life. 4. This class helped me to discuss applications of theory and research in psychology and other fields. 5. This class helped me to understand how psychological concepts can be applied to social problems. 6. This class helped me to apply psychological perspectives to the understanding of human behavior. 7. This class helped me to read psychological text (e.g., books, articles) effectively. 8. This class helped me to critically evaluate theories and concepts in psychology. 9. This class helped me to analyze research in psychology 10. This class helped me to draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. 8 SS510 Action Plan (From May 2011 Individual Course Assessment Report) Description of action plan for addressing issues raised by course assessment project. Timetable for action plan implementation As the data indicate, there was stronger agreement for attainment of the General Education objectives than for the Individual Course objectives. In order to increase the latter the following suggestions are offered: 1. Psychology faculty could list on their syllabus what objectives the course aims to fulfill to inform the students as to what will be emphasized. Then, as the semester progresses, when a specific instance of a course objective emerges, the students can be alerted to it. 2. Psychology faculty could rank their priorities from a complete list of acceptable individual course objectives. In addition, the faculty could be asked to briefly describe how they (could/would) achieve these goals. From this, a list of the (3, 4, 5, ?) most valued course objectives along with their accompanying examples could be distributed to all Psychology faculty to use as a guide when developing future syllabi, reading lists, assignments, etc. 3. The wording of Individual Course Objective #1 should be revised to clarify its intended meaning. It should state: Students will understand psychological text effectively. 4. Psychology faculty should discuss among themselves ways of integrating activities, readings, and/or assignments into SS510 to better help students achieve the Individual Course Objectives 1-4. To this end an Ad Hoc Committee of psychology faculty can be formed to address this issue. 9 SPRING 2008 Date: JUNE 2008 Department: Social Sciences Course: SS 510 Psychology Curriculum or Curricula: PART I. STUDENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES For Part I, attach the summary report (Tables 1-4) from the QCC Course Objectives Form. TABLE 1. EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT SS-510 Psychology is an entry-level, introductory course that provides students with an overview of the fundamental principles and practices in the contemporary study of behavior and mental processes, as well as a historical perspective on the development of the field and the applications of psychology in modern society and everyday life. This course is required in four curricula: 1. Health Sciences (A.S.) 2. Environmental Health (A.S.) 3. Massage Therapy (A.A.S.) 4. Nursing (A.A.S.). TABLE 2. CURRICULAR OBJECTIVES Note: Include in this table curriculum-specific objectives that meet Educational Goals 1 and 2: 2. Curricular Objectives A) Health Sciences (A.S.) Briefly describe activities in this course which help students meet each of these curricular objectives Students who complete SS-510 will satisfy the requirement for articulations in health sciences bachelors programs. CURRICULAR OBJECTIVES ADDRESSED BY THIS COURSE Meet the distribution requirements of the liberal arts and sciences core, with specific recommendations in math, chemistry, and the humanities for the current health science baccalaureate programs for which articulations have been established or for unique programs of interest B) Environmental Health (A.S.) 10 Briefly describe activities in this course which help students meet each of these curricular objectives Students will acquire an understanding of the basic principles of human behavior and mental processes. CURRICULAR OBJECTIVES ADDRESSED BY THIS COURSE To provide the student with the knowledge required for them to become a well rounded individual better prepared to succeed in the Environmental Health profession C) Massage Therapy (A.A.S.) Briefly describe activities in this course which help students meet each of these curricular objectives Students read and analyze concepts and research to better understand human behavior and mental processes. CURRICULAR OBJECTIVES ADDRESSED BY THIS COURSE Provide students with a strong foundation in the biological sciences, together with a broad base of general education in the liberal arts D) Nursing (A.A.S.) Briefly describe activities in this course which help students meet each of these curricular objectives Students will acquire an understanding of individual psychological needs and developmental issues that pertain to health and illness. CURRICULAR OBJECTIVES ADDRESSED BY THIS COURSE The graduate will become a provider of care in structured health care settings using critical thinking to develop, implement, and evaluate individual plans of care to meet the self-care needs/deficits of patients throughout the life cycle. 11 TABLE 3. GENERAL EDUCATION OBJECTIVES 3. General Education Objectives General educational objectives addressed by this course Use analytical reasoning skills and apply logic to solve problems Integrate knowledge and skills in their major field and across disciplines Identify concepts and methods of the social sciences to examine human behavior, social institutions, and multicultural awareness Briefly describe activities in the course which help students meet each of these general education objectives a. Students discuss theories, concepts, and debates in psychology b. Students analyze and critique research in psychology a. Students discuss applications of theory and research in psychology and other fields b. Students identify relevance of psychology to everyday life and career interests c. Students will analyze examples from other disciplines to illustrate how concepts from psychology apply. d. Students will select topics in psychology to use as themes in other courses. a. Students demonstrate understanding of applications of psychology to individuals and society b. Students choose readings on relevance of psychology to culture c. Students will indicate how psychological concepts can be applied to social problems. 12 TABLE 4: COURSE OBJECTIVES AND STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES Course objectives Learning outcomes 1. Students will read a. Students will summarize passages from assigned readings. psychological text effectively. b. Students will identify correct and incorrect statements based on assigned readings. 2. Students will critically a. Students will discriminate between different kinds of evaluate theories and concepts theories. in psychology. b. Students will list key concepts from specific theories. 3. Students will analyze research in psychology. a. Students will identify features of different research methods. b. Students will specify testable research hypotheses. 4. Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. a. Students will identify practical uses of psychology. b. Students will indicate areas of everyday life in which psychological applications are needed. 13 PART II. ASSIGNMENT DESIGN: ALIGNING OUTCOMES, ACTIVITIES, AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS For the assessment project, you will be designing one course assignment, which will address at least one general educational objective, one curricular objective (if applicable), and one or more of the course objectives. Please identify these in the following table: TABLE 5: OBJECTIVES ADDRESSED IN ASSESSMENT ASSIGNMENT Course Objective(s) selected for assessment: (select from Table 4) • • Students will analyze research in psychology Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. Curricular Objective(s) selected for assessment: (select from Table 2) General Education Objective(s) addressed in this assessment: (select from Table 3) • Use analytical reasoning skills and apply logic to solve problems. In the first row of Table 6 that follows, describe the assignment that has been selected/designed for this project. In writing the description, keep in mind the course objective(s), curricular objective(s) and the general education objective(s) identified above, The assignment should be conceived as an instructional unit to be completed in one class session (such as a lab) or over several class sessions. Since any one assignment is actually a complex activity, it is likely to require that students demonstrate several types of knowledge and/or thinking processes. Also in Table 6, please a) identify the three to four most important student learning outcomes (1-4) you expect from this assignment b) describe the types of activities (a – d) students will be involved with for the assignment, and c) list the type(s) of assessment tool(s) (A-D) you plan to use to evaluate each of the student outcomes. (Classroom assessment tools may include paper and pencil tests, performance assessments, oral questions, portfolios, and other options.) Note: Copies of the actual assignments (written as they will be presented to the students) should be gathered in an Assessment Portfolio for this course. 14 TABLE 6: ASSIGNMENT, OUTCOMES, ACTIVITIES, AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS Briefly describe the assignment that will be assessed: 1. Students will be instructed to study the section of the textbook that pertains to experimental research. 2. Students will be given a description of an experiment in psychology to read in class. 3. Students will be given an 8-item paper-and-pencil test that requires them to use information from both the textbook and the described experiment. The format of the test will be as follows: For each of the three Learning Outcomes there will be at least 2-3 questions – multiple choice or true/false. Desired student learning outcomes for the assignment (Students will…) List in parentheses the Curricular Objective(s) and/or General Education Objective(s) (1-10) associated with these desired learning outcomes for the assignment. Briefly describe the range of activities student will engage in for this assignment. What assessment tools will be used to measure how well students have met each learning outcome? (Note: a single assessment tool may be used to measure multiple learning outcomes; some learning outcomes may be measured using multiple assessment tools.) 1. Students will identify features of different research methods. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) a. Students will remember and understand the research methods section of the textbook. b. Students will read, analyze, and evaluate an experiment in psychology. c. Students will answer a set of questions based on the experiment and on the information in the textbook. A. Paper-and-pencil test with multiple-choice and true/false questions. 2. Students will determine whether empirical results support a hypothesis. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) 3. Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) PART III. ASSESSMENT STANDARDS (RUBRICS) Before the assignment is given, prepare a description of the standards by which students’ performance will be measured. This could be a checklist, a descriptive holistic scale, or another form. The rubric (or a version of it) may be given to the students with the assignment so they will know what the instructor’s expectations are for this assignment. Please note that while individual student performance is being measured, the assessment project is collecting performance data ONLY for the student groups as a whole. 15 TABLE 7: ASSESSMENT STANDARDS (RUBRICS) Brief description of assignment: (Copy from Table 6 above) 1. Students will be instructed to study the section of the textbook that pertains to experimental research. 2. Students will be given a description of an experiment in psychology to read in class. 3. Students will be given an 8-item paper-and-pencil test that requires them to use information from both the textbook and the described experiment. The format of the test will be as follows: For each of the three Learning Outcomes there will be at least 2-3 questions – multiple choice or true/false. Desired student learning outcomes from the assignment: (Copy from Column 1, Table 6 above; include Curricular and /or General Education Objectives addressed) Assessment measures for each learning outcome: (Copy from Column 3,Table 6 above) Standards for student performance: Describe the standards or rubrics for measuring student achievement of each outcome in the assignment. Give the percentage of the class that is expected to meet these outcomes If needed, attach copy(s) of rubrics. 1. Students will identify features of different research methods. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) 1. Paper-and-pencil test with multiple-choice and true/false questions. 1. It is expected that more than 60% of responses will be correct given that these ideas are considered fundamental to a psychology course. They represent a basic idea taught in the context of experimental design. 2. Students will determine whether empirical results support a hypothesis. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) 2. Same as A 2. Determining whether empirical results support a hypothesis represents a more difficult ability. Only 60% of the class is expected to meet these outcomes. Students are required to critically evaluate a study to decide if the hypothesis is supported. 3. Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) 3. Same as A 3. Drawing conclusions require inferential skills. Students must understand the way the study was conducted, interpret the results, and generalize them appropriately. Such an endeavor is cognitively demanding but integral to the scientific method; 50% of the students are expected to meet this outcome. 16 Assignment (Revised) To understand the influence of time on memory, a psychologist studies a group of 100 college students (50 males and 50 females) between the ages of 18 and 35. All of the people in the study are shown ten photographs of people with the first name of each person below the picture. They have 5 minutes to learn the names. (No one in the study saw the people in the photographs before.) Then, people in the study are separated into two groups: Group 1 and Group 2. Students picked a number out of a hat to determine which group they were in. For people in Group 1, their memory is tested right after they learn the names. For people in Group 2, their memory is tested after a two hour delay. There are the same number of males and females in both groups. On the memory test, people in both groups are shown the photographs but now this time several names are below each picture. The participants are told to circle the correct name. The people in Group 1, those who had their memory tested right after learning, circled 80% of the correct names. The people in Group 2, those who had memory tested after a two hour delay, circled 20% of the correct names. Answer the following questions: 1. The independent variable in this experiment is: A. the time between learning and the memory test B. the gender of the participants C. the photographs of the people D. the memory test the participants took 2. The dependent variable in this experiment is: A. the time between learning and the memory test B. the gender of the participants C. the photographs of the people D. the memory test the participants took 3. Which hypothesis is correct regarding the two groups? A. It is easy to remember people’s names over long delays. B. The time between learning and test has no influence on memory. C. Females are better than males in their memory for names. D. It is easier to remember people’s names when tested right after learning. 4. The hypothesis that the delay between learning and test influences memory is strongly supported by the results of the experiment. A. True B. False 5. The idea that people over age 50 have difficulty with their memory is strongly supported by the data. A. True 17 B. False 6. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Five minutes is not enough time to learn the names of people in the photographs. B. Males should have been placed in Group 1 and females in Group 2. C. It was good to give both groups the same memory test. D. None of the above 7. This experiment uses the method of random assignment. A. True B. False 8. What could be done to improve the design of the study? A. Have more females than males because females have better memory. B. Include people older than 35. C. Give each person in the study a different memory test. D. All of the above 18 PART IV. ASSESSMENT RESULTS TABLE 8: SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT RESULTS Use the following table to report the student results on the assessment. If you prefer, you may report outcomes using the rubric(s), or other graphical representation. Include a comparison of the outcomes you expected (from Table 7, Column 3) with the actual results. NOTE: A number of the pilot assessments did not include expected success rates so there is no comparison of expected and actual outcomes in some of the examples below. However, projecting outcomes is an important part of the assessment process; comparison between expected and actual outcomes helps set benchmarks for student performance. TABLE 8: SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT RESULTS Desired student learning outcomes: (Copy from, Column 1,Table 6 above; include Curricular and/or General Education Objectives addressed) Student achievement: Describe the group achievement of each desired outcome and the knowledge and cognitive processes demonstrated. A total of N=572 students participated in this assessment project from twenty-two different sections of psychology (SS510). 1. Students will identify features The first learning outcome was assessed with two of different research methods. multiple choice (MC) questions. Below are the (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) incorrect and correct responses (number and percentage) by question as well as combined over questions. Incorrect Correct N (%) N (%) Question 1 (MC) 235 (41) 337 (59) Question 2 (MC) 287 (50) 285 (50) Combined 522 (46) 622 (54) The results for this learning outcome were near expectations. Overall, a majority of the students attained the skills necessary to answer the questions correctly. 2. Students will determine whether empirical results support a hypothesis. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) The second learning outcome was assessed with one multiple choice (MC) question and two true/false (TF) questions. Below are the incorrect and correct responses (number and percentage) by question as well as combined over questions. Incorrect Correct N (%) N(%) Question 3 (MC) 37 (6) 535 (94) Question 4 (TF) 67 (12) 505 (88) Question 5 (TF) 40 (7) 532 (93) Combined 144 (8) 1571 (92) 19 The results for this second learning outcome greatly exceeded expectations. More than 90% of responses overall were correct. Students exhibited considerable mastery over this learning outcome. 3. Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. (Gen. Ed. Obj. 1) The third learning outcome was assessed with two multiple choice questions (MC) and two true/false (TF) questions. Below are the incorrect and correct responses (number and percentage) by question as well as combined over questions. Question 6 (MC) Question 7 (TF) Question 8 (MC) Overall Incorrect N (%) 203 (35) 135 (24) 205 (36) 543 (32) Correct N (%) 369 (65) 437 (76) 367 (64) 1173 (68) The results for this third learning outcome exceeded expectations. More than 60% of responses overall were correct. Once again, students exhibited mastery over this learning outcome. ALL OUTCOMES, ALL QUESTIONS Incorrect N (%) 1209 (26) Correct N (%) 3367 (74) Overall, students responded correctly more than two-thirds of the time to the questions posed on this assessment. Students demonstrated an understanding of the scientific method such that they were able to identify if the results supported a hypothesis and could draw conclusions from the research. 20 TABLE 9. EVALUATION AND RESULTING ACTION PLAN In the table below, or in a separate attachment, interpret and evaluate the assessment results, and describe the actions to be taken as a result of the assessment. In the evaluation of achievement, take into account student success in demonstrating the types of knowledge and the cognitive processes identified in the Course Objectives. A. Analysis and interpretation of assessment results: What does this show about what and how the students learned? On the assessment, students answered the questions correctly more than 70% of the time. It should also be noted that this performance reflects a total of 572 students from twentytwo sections of Psychology (SS 510) taught during the Spring semester of 2008. By answering questions correctly, students demonstrated knowledge regarding the scientific method. That is, students were able to read a research scenario, identify the features of the research, determine whether the results supported a hypothesis, and draw conclusions from the findings. These skills are essential to understanding psychological science because they allow students to judge the validity and generalizability of research findings. The scientific method is the bedrock upon which the body of psychological findings rests. B. Evaluation of the assessment process: What do the results suggest about how well the assignment and the assessment process worked both to help students learn and to show what they have learned? The assignment and assessment process worked very well at helping students learn and show what they learned. First, students were instructed in the key concepts during several class periods. Then, students were given a research scenario to demonstrate their knowledge. The assessment instrument required that the students have an understanding of the scientific method and, more importantly, apply the information learned. Application is key because this ability will be needed not only in the introductory psychology course but in all future psychology courses and even when considering scientific findings in the public square. C. Resulting action plan: Based on A and B, what changes, if any, do you anticipate making? Based on the results of this assessment, most instructors will continue to emphasize the scientific method and feel reassured that their efforts are having an impact. Instructors of Psychology (SS510) will continue to make a concerted effort to teach elements of the scientific method with the goal of understanding and application. 21 SS510 PSYCHOLOGY OBJECTIVES General Education Objectives Use analytical reasoning to identify issues or problems and evaluate evidence in order to make informed decisions Integrate knowledge and skills in their program of study Use historical or social sciences perspectives to examine formation of ideas, human behavior, social institutions, or social processes Individual Course Objectives Students will understand readings in psychology (e.g., books, articles, website documents). Students will critically evaluate theories and concepts in psychology. Students will analyze research in psychology. Students will draw conclusions from scientific observations and research findings. Students will apply psychology to real-life events. 22