Table of Contents
Chapter 1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Introduction
Background
Navigation Team Organization
Training
Electronic Navigation
Chapter 2. Duties and Responsibilities
1.
2.
Duties and Responsibilities
Navigation Team Organization
Chapter 3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
General
Characteristics
Policy
Requirements
Use of VMS and ECDIS
Requirements Prior to Conducting Local Operations
Requirements Prior to Departing the Annapolis Operation Area
Requirements for Operations during Low Visibility
Midshipmen Standards of Navigation During Training
Incident Procedures
Chapter 4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Standard Policies, Requirements, and Procedures
Records, Logs, and Equipment
Purpose
Corrections
Ship’s Deck Log
Ship’s Position Log
Ship’s Bearing Book
Required Publications
Navigational Safety Warning Messages
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Chapter One
Introduction
1. Background. Yard Patrol (YP) Craft are highly effective platforms
for training and educating Midshipmen in the fundamentals of
seamanship and navigation. Safe and effective training requires that
the Officer in Charge (OIC), Assistant Officer in Charge (AOIC) and
Craftmaster (CM) always maintain an accurate navigation picture. If
you have any doubt about the craft’s position with respect to shoal
water, immediately slow down or stop. If a situation does not look
right, it probably isn’t!
a. Conducting navigation training in a YP is very different and in
many ways more challenging than navigating a Navy warship.
Significant differences include:
(1) An inexperienced and unqualified Midshipman watch team.
(2) The absence of a secondary plot to provide back up to the
navigation plot on the bridge.
(3) The need to conduct realistic training while constantly
ensuring the safety of the YP when underway.
These risks are mitigated by the vigilant efforts of the OIC/AOIC/CM
team in maintaining constant situational awareness at all times.
2. Navigation Team Organization. The OIC/AOIC/CM must organize the
Navigation Team in an appropriate manner allowing them to meet the
demands and complexities of the mission, while maintaining an
environment which accounts for the status of Midshipmen as trainees.
The organization of the Navigation Team will be dependent on the
mission of the YP and whether or not the craft will deploy Out of Area
(OOA).
3. Training. Maintaining proficiency of basic navigation skills is
critical to safe navigation. Additionally, a thorough understanding
of the principles of operation, capabilities, and limitations of all
installed equipment is essential to maintaining safe navigation.
SEANAV training programs must provide for accurate assessment and the
necessary training to educate, qualify, evaluate, and periodically requalify assigned personnel. All OICs/AOICs/CMs will gain
qualification and remain proficient as detailed at reference (c),
PRODEVINST 3511.1 (series).
4. Electronic Navigation. When underway all YP OICs, AOICs and CMs
shall consider VMS/ECDIS an approved source of positioning
information, to be used in conjunction with other sources as outlined
in Chapter 3 of this instruction.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Chapter 2
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Duties and Responsibilities. With respect to all aspects of
navigation, the following duties and responsibilities exist as stated
in reference (a) and as further amplified below:
a. Officer in Charge. The OIC is ultimately responsible for the
safety of the YP and all embarked personnel. The OIC shall:
(1) Ensure that safe seamanship and navigation is always the
absolute priority.
(2) Ensure that when more than one supervisor is on the
bridge, a clear division of labor is maintained. That is, one
OIC/AOIC or CM will be directly responsible for seamanship and the
OOD/Conn team while the other will be dedicated solely to supervising
the navigation plot. The senior, qualified person onboard has
ultimate command authority and responsibility for the craft and all
embarked personnel.
(3) Assume all duties as the craft’s Navigator.
(4) Be the final approval authority for all charts for their
craft OOA Operations.
(5) Ensure supervisory personnel are trained and expected to
take early and sufficient action as required to prevent the YP from
entering dangerous waters.
(6) Immediately stop the YP and suspend training if at any
time the safe navigation of the YP is in doubt. Only the OIC has the
authority to resume training after verifying the issue has been
resolved and that the Midshipmen Navigation Team is prepared to resume
training.
(7) Assume responsibility for the YP when onboard by making
the appropriate entry into the Deck Log upon completing a thorough
review of the Master Pre-Light Off Checklist (MLOCs).
b.
Assistant Officer in Charge.
The AOIC shall:
(1) Support the OIC and CM in the execution of safe navigation
and delivery of the training mission when underway.
(2) Immediately stop the YP and suspend training if at any
time the safe navigation of the YP is in doubt. Call the OIC to the
bridge immediately and request permission to resume training once all
concerns have been resolved.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
(3) Take control of the YP’s engines and rudder as required if
the actions of the Midshipmen watch team are not sufficient to prevent
the craft entering dangerous waters. An AOIC may modify, delay, or
veto any Midshipmen’s conning order as required to ensure safety of
the YP.
c.
Craftmaster.
The CM shall:
(1) Immediately stop the YP and suspend training if at any time
the safe navigation of the YP is in doubt. Call the OIC to the bridge
immediately and request permission to resume training once all
concerns have been resolved.
(2) Take control of the YP’s engines and rudder as required if
the actions of the Midshipmen watch team are not sufficient to prevent
the craft entering dangerous waters. A CM may modify, delay, or veto
any Midshipmen’s conning order as required to ensure safety of the YP.
(3) If at any time an OIC is not embarked while underway, the
CM shall assume full responsibility for the safety of the YP and all
embarked personnel.
(4) Work with the OIC/AOIC to supervise the training of
Midshipmen.
d.
Navigator.
The Navigator shall:
(1) Be a fully qualified OIC/AOIC/CM when required during OOA
Operations, supervising the Assistant Navigator (A/NAV) and ensuring
that an accurate and timely navigation plot is provided by the plot.
(2) Supervise Midshipmen as they maintain an accurate plot of
the YP’s position utilizing visual, radar and Global Positioning
System (GPS) data.
(3) Alert the OIC/AOIC/CM, Officer of the Deck (OOD) and
Conning Officer (CONN) immediately when the determination is made that
the YP is standing into danger or the position is unknown. Ensure
that this report is properly acknowledged and make course and speed
recommendations as appropriate.
(4) Know the craft’s course, speed and available depth of water
at all times.
(5) Ensure that VMS or ECDIS is properly configured in
accordance with enclosures (4) and (5), (6), or (7) as appropriate.
(6) The OIC will ordinarily act as the Navigator in addition to
his/her other duties.
e.
Assistant Navigator.
The Assistant Navigator shall:
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
(1) Maintain an accurate plot of the craft’s position
utilizing visual, radar and GPS data.
(2) Alert the Navigator if at any time the navigation picture
becomes uncertain or when any member of the team has lost situational
awareness.
(3) Provide a navigation report to the OIC/AOIC, CM, OOD and
CONN after every fix in accordance with enclosure (1).
(4) This position will normally be assigned to a Midshipmen
when underway training outside of the Annapolis OPAREA.
f. Navigation Team. In addition to the OIC/AOIC/CM, Navigator,
and Assistant Navigator, the following positions are responsible for
supporting safe navigation as members of the navigation team. Listed
below are the duties and responsibilities for each member of that
team.
(1) Plotter.
The Plotter will:
(a) Plot each visual, radar, and GPS fix using the
appropriate symbol and label it with a 4-digit time. Immediately
notify the Navigator if unable to plot a good fix.
(b) Follow the six rules of dead reckoning (DR) after
plotting a fix on the chart.
(c) Calculate and report experienced set and drift.
(2) Bearing Recorder.
The Bearing Recorder will:
(a) Maintain communications (676 Class - sound-powered
phone; 703 Class - handheld radios) with the bridge wing Bearing
Takers.
(b) Report all bearings and ranges to the Plotter in a
timely manner.
(c) Maintain the bearing book by recording the following:
(i) Time of each fix.
(ii) Bearings to visual navigation aids in use.
(iii) Ranges to radar navigation aids in use.
(iv) GPS position, when applicable.
(v) Soundings at each fix.
(vi) Act as time keeper for the fix intervals and mark
time of each fix.
(3)
Bearing Takers.
The Bearing Takers will:
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
(a) Obtain accurate bearings to navigation aids designated
by the Navigator utilizing the telescopic alidade.
(b) Report bearings to the Bearing Recorder and advise when
available navigation aids have been gained and lost.
(4) Radar Operator.
The Radar Operator will:
(a) Obtain accurate radar ranges to navigation aids
designated by the Navigator utilizing the YP’s radar.
(b) At night or in low visibility conditions, the Radar
Operator will support safe operations by reporting the approach of all
vessels forward of the beam and overtaking at speed.
(c) Correctly utilize the Parallel Indices (PIs) when
plotted on the chart and make a continuous assessment of the YP’s
position relative to the planned track.
2.
Calibration of Navigation Sensors. All navigation equipment is
to be properly configured and calibrated prior to OOA operations.
This includes gyros and alidades, speed sensors, fathometer, radar and
GPS antenna offsets. Any shortcomings will be captured in the OTC’s
SITREP. A formalized procedure for recording and addressing equipment
defects is contained with reference(a).
3. Navigation Team Organization. The Yard Patrol Craft Navigation
Team will consist of the following watch standers as shown below:
Navgiation Team Organization
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
a. The composition of the YP Navigation Team during OOA operations
is determined by the craft’s distance in nautical miles (nm) from the
nearest navigational hazard as shown on the following page.
Restricted Waters
All other
Distance from Shoal Water
Less than 1NM
1 – 10 NM
OIC
Yes (Note 1)
Note 2
CM
Yes (Note 1)
Note 2
AOIC
Note 1
Note 2
Plotter
Yes
Yes
Bearing Recorder
Yes
No
Radar Operator
Yes
Yes
Port Bearing Taker
Yes
No
Starboard Bearing Taker
Yes
No
Lookout
Yes
Yes
Note 1: When piloting in Restricted Waters two supervisory
personnel (OIC/AOIC/CM) will remain on the bridge at all times to
ensure safety of navigation. There will be a clear delineation of
duties between the two supervisory personnel on watch. One shall be
responsible for supervising the OOD and Conning team while the other
will be responsible for supervising the navigation plot. Ultimate
responsibility and final command authority rests with the OIC.
Note 2: When at Condition 3, the OIC/AOIC/CM team shall rotate
watches to have at least one qualified individual on the bridge at all
times while underway to ensure the safety of navigation.
b. As directed by the OIC, all watch stations subordinate to the
A/NAV may be secured to accomplish any training objectives in the USNA
OPAREA such as man overboard drills or when conducting pier landings.
This however does not remove the requirement for the OIC and CM to
maintain situational awareness and an accurate navigation plot at all
times.
c. Administrative Movement of craft/emergency sortie.
circumstances to accomplish emergent maintenance (Dry Dock)
emergency sorties (Weather Avoidance) may require that a YP
outside the OPAREA without a Midshipmen crew embarked. The
ship control manning for a YP transiting outside the OPAREA
Midshipmen embarked shall be as follows:
Unusual
or
be moved
minimum
without
(1) Trips of less than four hours duration: One qualified OIC
and CM, who shall have responsibility for navigation and ship control.
(2) Trips of greater than four hours duration: Three qualified
CM or qualified OICs in any combination. When transiting restricted
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
waters, two of the three personnel shall be on the bridge with one
shall be formally assigned responsibility for ship control and the
other for navigation.
(3) If more than 2 YPs are deployed in such a situation, an
independent OTC shall be assigned to be responsible for the entire
Squadron.
(4) When deploying in such circumstances, the OIC/CM shall
conduct a full navigation brief prior to departure. The absence of a
Midshipmen crew does not modify in any way the requirement to
constantly know the position of the craft and predicted future
movement using two independent sources of information.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Chapter 3
STANDARD POLICIES, REQUIREMENTS, AND PROCEDURES
1. General. This chapter provides guidance on all standard policies,
requirements, and procedures that are to be enforced when underway.
2. Characteristics. To ensure that safe seamanship and navigation is
conducted near or in restricted waters or under bridges, it is
critical that all embarked personnel are knowledgeable of the actual
YP draft, navigation draft and masthead height or ‘air draft.’ The
characteristics of both 676 and 703 Class YPs are outlined below.
676 Class Yard Patrol Craft
Actual Draft
8 feet
Navigation Draft
12 feet
Overall Length
108 feet
Beam
23 feet (22”9’)
Masthead Height
48 feet
703 Class Yard Patrol Craft
Actual Draft
8 feet
Navigation Draft
12 feet
Overall Length
116 feet
Beam
28 feet
Masthead Height
49 feet
3. Policy. The OIC/AOIC/CM (as applicable) shall maintain awareness
of the position of the YP at all times using at least two independent
sources of fixing the position.
a. Types of fix include the following:
(1) Electronic fix, annotated on the chart using a triangle
around the plotted position.
(2) Visual fix, annotated on the chart using a circle around
the plotted position.
(3) Composite fix, a combination of visual and electronic data
annotated by a triangle on the chart.
(4) Bathymetric fix, the contour line used should be clearly
marked in bold and the triangle annotation used for a composite fix is
to be applied.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
(5) “Seaman’s Eye” (estimated position relative to positively
identified aids to navigation and prominent landmarks such as bridges,
structures, or geographic features). Preplanned head or stern
bearings at known ranges allow an accurate appraisal of where there
craft is relative to the planned track. The disposition of the buoy
field should not be relied upon unless the positions of the buoys and
other marks have been checked to be in the correctly charted
positions.
(6) Parallel indexing and a constant watch of the fathometer
will allow the OIC/CM to accurately determine distance of track and
proximity to shoal water, but neither is to be considered an
independent positioning source.
b. The appropriate combination of these sources is dependent on
the operating area, prevailing weather, visibility, the mission, and
the proximity to navigation hazards. It is the responsibility of the
OIC and CM to determine and supervise the Navigation Team in the
correct use of fix sources at all times. At no time should the
Navigation Team rely solely on a single source of information.
Multiple positioning sources should be used when available to
determine the most accurate navigation picture.
c. Any time the (A)OIC/CM has fewer than two independent sources
of information confirming the position of the YP or if available
information sources conflict as to the YP’s current position, the
OIC/CM shall assume that the YP is in possible danger. Take all way
off (as wind, tidal stream and traffic conditions permit), suspend
training, and focus on regaining an accurate navigation picture before
proceeding.
Note: If the Midshipmen Navigation Team is unable to fix the YP’s
position for two consecutive fix intervals, the OIC/CM will
immediately plot a GPS fix on the chart to verify position.
4. Requirements. The Navigation Team must satisfy the following
requirements while the ship is underway.
a. Fix interval. The table below outlines the navigation
standards for fix interval onboard a Yard Patrol Craft:
Area
Distance from Land / Shoal Water
Required Fix Interval
Restricted Waters
Less than 1nm (2000 yards)
3 minutes
Piloting Waters
1 – 10nm
6 minutes
Coastal Waters
10 – 20nm
10 minutes
Open Ocean
Greater than 20nm
15 minutes
b. Dead Reckoning (DR). ‘DR-ing’ is the process of determining
the future position of a craft by plotting the ordered course and
speed from the last fix. It does not consider any influencing factors
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
such as tidal stream or wind. A DR plot must be maintained and
plotted using the six rules below.
(1) At every course change.
(2) At every speed change.
(3) When obtaining a fix or running fix.
(4) When obtaining a single Line of Position (LOP).
(5) Plot and label a DR position with course, speed, and time
along with a new course line from each fix or running fix.
This should be plotted whether the Craft is on track or not.
The DR plot will show the next two fix intervals.
(6) Plot a position at least every hour, on the hour.
c. Set and Drift. Set and drift shall be calculated at least
every third fix interval and more frequently when the plotter’s
proficiency and work rate permit. Check both course and speed made
good to ensure it is what is intended and compensate as required.
When using VMS/ECDIS, frequent comparison of heading, course over
ground, and speed over ground shall be made and appropriate
compensation applied.
d. The nearest hazards to navigation must be known at all times.
e. The direction towards open/safe water along the track must be
known at all times.
5. Use of VMS and ECDIS. For operations involving Midshipmen, paper
charts shall continue to be used to deliver the training mission and
are to be considered the primary means of navigation. However, VMS
(676 Class) and ECIDS (703 Class) is to be used to validate and
support the Midshipmen’s navigation reports as well as providing
greatly improved situational awareness to the supervisory personnel.
a. VMS/ECDIS Configuration. VMS or ECDIS will be properly
configured prior to getting underway using the settings found in
enclosures (4) and (5), (6) or (9). Failure to do so will hazard the
craft as multiple and safety critical issues will arise should the
equipment not be properly configured. The OIC/CM should annotate in
the Deck Log that this preparatory action has been completed.
b. VMS/ECDIS fix intervals. Using VMS or ECDIS, the ship’s vector
shall be selected to indicate a period of at least two fix intervals
(e.g. six minutes when in waters requiring a 3 minute fix). Track
history shall be enabled to show at least the previous 90 minutes of
the craft’s movement.
c. Positioning. VMS/ECDIS will display the position, course, and
speed from the selected GPS source at an update rate of approximately
10 Hz. Each fix or on passing a conspicuous navigation aid, VMs/ECDIS
should be fixed to ensure the accuracy of the navigation report.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
d. Provision for Digital Navigation. With PRODEV approval, the
703 Class YPs may use the Raytheon ECDIS system as the primary means
of navigation. A fully comprehensive paper chart folio will, however,
be embarked and ready for use at all times. Permission to navigate
‘digitally’ will be included in the Operations Order (Navigation
Annex) that is published for any given OOA Movement Order. Unless
specifically directed, paper charts are to be considered the primary
means of navigation when operating in the Annapolis OPAREA.
6. Requirements Prior to Conducting Local Operations. The following
must be completed and verified by the OIC/CM prior to the YP departing
the pier for any underway in the local OPAREA.
a. An OIC
Watch Team is
watchbill may
objectives of
reviewed and signed craft watchbill for the Midshipman
posted and properly. During SEANAV underway labs, the
be amended by the Instructor to facilitate the training
the class.
b. As a minimum for local operations, all YPs shall have at least
two copies each of the charts for the Severn River and adjoining
Chesapeake Bay (Charts 12283 and 12282). On at least one set of these
charts, harbor entrance/departure courses and danger bearings shall be
labeled and used by the Conning Officer. NGA-supplied DNCs H1708225
and A1708225 must be displayed on VMS/ECDIS with the latest Vector
Data Updates (VDUs) applied.
c. For SEANAV labs Midshipmen will utilize Chart 12283 provided by
the Instructor. All OICs are responsible to update the chart through
the current Notice to Mariner prior to use underway.
d. Charts to be used must be prepared in accordance with enclosure
(2), the Chart Preparation Checklist. They will be signed by the
Instructor or OIC responsible for the period underway.
e. A navigation brief shall be conducted pier side to include the
following at a minimum:
(1) Area of Operation (Geographical Limits).
(2) Intended track.
(3) Tide and current calculations.
planned base courses.)
(How this will affect the
(4) Weather forecast (and actual conditions on departure).
(5) Status of navigation and engineering equipment.
(including all TSOs)
(6) Emergency procedures.
(7) Key Lessons learned from previous classes, as appropriate.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
f. The OIC/CM must verify that VMS/ECDIS is mission capable prior
to departure from the pier. A YP shall not get underway without this
mission essential equipment.
g. OIC/CM shall verify the YP meets ready for sea standards and
has the minimum equipment onboard in accordance with the YP SOP prior
to departure.
7.
Requirements Prior to Departing the Annapolis Operation Area.
a. The
the Severn
Chesapeake
39°16’28”N
geographical limits of the Annapolis OPAREA are defined as
River (North to the Naval Academy Bridge) and south to the
Bay waters (North to the southern tip of Pooles Islandand South to the southern tip of Point Lookout- 39°02’16”N).
b. Two different types of briefs are required prior to OOA
Operations. A Transit Brief is a ‘strategic-level’ voyage overview of
the speed – time – distance challenge to include every restricted
water transit during the passage. A Navigation Brief covers a
specific restricted water transit that will be conducted within the
following 24 hours.
c. The departure Transit Brief must be presented to the Director
of the Division of Professional Development and/or Chairman of the
Department of Seamanship and Navigation no more than 72 hours prior to
any underway outside the Annapolis operating area. When preparing to
return to Annapolis, the transit brief will be presented to the
Officer in Tactical Command.
d. All restricted area transits will be discussed with a formal
Navigation Brief within 24 hours of the transit. The Navigation
Brief, in contrast to the Transit Brief, will be the watch team’s
opportunity to focus on track data in detail for the specific area
which is to be navigated. This brief will be presented to the OIC/CM
in port if it is prior to underway or at least 24 hours prior to an
expected evolution if currently underway.
e. The following information shall be included in both the Transit
and Navigation Briefs and be made available to the bridge watch teams
during the evolution:
(1) Chart Survey Data.
(2) Pictures of prominent navigation aids (as available).
(3) Astronomical Data (sun/moonrise and set).
(4) Predicted Tide and Currents.
(5) Weather forecast and prevailing conditions if immediately
prior to departure.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
(6) Status of navigation and engineering equipment (including
the implications and associated risk of TSOs).
(7) Emergency procedures.
(8) Operational Risk Management (Risks and control measures put
in place).
(9) Lessons learned from previous periods underway
f. The personnel required to attend the Transit and Navigation
Briefs are detailed in enclosure (3).
g. All personnel attending the Navigation Brief will sign a
roster, an example is shown at enclosure (3), indicating their name
and watch station. This roster, along with both a hard and electronic
copy of the Navigation Brief, will be retained by the SEANAV
Operations Officer for a minimum of one year.
h. The OIC will review and approve the Digital Voyage Plan in
VMS/ECDIS in accordance with the VMS/ECDIS Preparation Checklist at
enclosure (4). The VMS/ECDIS Display Features, enclosures (6), (7),
or (8), provide a matrix of all required VMS and ECDIS settings.
Approval of a Digital Voyage Plan includes:
(1) Review and approval of the chart portfolio to ensure that
all relevant vector and raster charts are included and that the most
recent weekly or monthly update has been applied.
(2) Validation of the track, ensuring that all waypoints, and
track legs, precisely match those marked on the paper charts.
(3) At the completion of each out of area underway period, the
OIC/CM is responsible for downloading the track data from VMS or ECDIS
and returning the archived files to the SEANAV Operations Officer.
(4) Charts to be used must be prepared in accordance with
enclosure (2), the Chart Preparation Checklist.
8. Requirements for Operations During Low Visibility. When
visibility is reduced to 2000 yards or less, the OIC/CM and assigned
watch standers will execute the Low Visibility Checklist outlined in
reference (b).
9.
Midshipmen Standards of Navigation During Training.
a. Having Midshipmen embarked to conduct training shall not lessen
navigation standards in any way. However, it must be kept in mind
that Midshipmen are pre-commissioned officers under training.
Therefore, Midshipmen are always considered as personnel under
instruction.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
b. The Midshipmen navigation team will frequently lose track of
their position. The OIC/CM must identify when such a situation exists
and ensure that a correct fix is plotted and that no more than two fix
intervals expire. If necessary, suspend training and slow or stop the
craft to facilitate plotting a good fix.
c. If a Midshipmen Navigation team does not have a fix at the
required interval, they shall immediately report, “Navigation has no
fix” even as they work to establish a fix. If you have doubt in your
mind, immediately slow down or stop. If a situation doesn’t look
right, it probably is not.
d. The YP Navigation Team must satisfy the following
requirements.
(1) Ensure charts to be used are prepared in accordance with
enclosure (2), Chart Preparation Checklist.
(2) With OIC and CM assistance, prepare a navigation brief
prior to every underway outside the Annapolis OPAREA and other
underway evolutions as directed by the OIC/CM.
e. The Midshipmen Navigation Team shall plot the YP’s position
utilizing no less than 3 visual or radar lines of position (LOP) or
combination of visual and radar LOPs and/or GPS as appropriate. The
Navigator will provide a Navigation Report in accordance with
enclosure (1), YP Navigation Report, to the OIC/CM, CO/XO, OOD, and
CONN following every fix.
f. Plot a GPS fix when visual/radar fixes are unavailable or
considered unreliable. Never hesitate to use GPS to verify or augment
visual/radar fixes.
g. The navigation team will plot, label, and DR in accordance
with the established “six rules of DR.”
h. After plotting each fix and DR, a “safe water” or “danger”
call must be made based on the results of the fix. Assess the YP’s
position and determine if the current course leads to waters that are
not safe for navigation. If so, announce “Danger” ensuring the OIC,
CM, OOD, and CONN all correctly acknowledge the report. If the
current course leads to waters that are safe for navigation, announce
“Safe Water” in accordance with the Navigation Report, enclosure (1).
i. After completing the “Safe Water” or “Danger” report to the
bridge team, the Navigator should work to complete and give a full
Navigation Report prior to the next fix using the template provided in
enclosure (1).
j. Calculate set and drift at each fix and compensate as
required. Check course and speed made good to ensure it is what is
intended.
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DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
k. Consistently review the track and always know the nearest
hazards to navigation.
l.
track.
Always know the direction towards open/safe water along the
m. Ensure the OOD has energized all navigation lights between
sunset and sunrise and during periods of reduced visibility.
n. Ensure the bearing book and ship’s position log are accurate
and up to date.
o. Remember that while training will focus on developing
proficiency in plotting GPS fixes and visual and radar LOPs, the
purpose of navigation is to integrate all resources to fix your
position as accurately as you can.
10. Incident Procedures. The primary responsibility of the OIC and
CM following an incident is the safety of the Midshipmen if embarked
and the safety of the YP. In the event of any incident involving
navigation (grounding, collision, etc.) on the YP while underway, the
following steps should be taken by the OIC/CM:
a. After the incident, the OIC/CM shall take custody of the
charts and all logs in use. If the chart is required for use, the OIC
shall sign in the margin of the chart and the chart will continue to
be used until it can be removed from the pilot house. No changes to
the data on the chart may be made to include erasures, changing course
lines, correcting improper fixes, etc.
b. Watchbills, evolution briefs, checklists, and other pertinent
documents shall be collected by the OIC.
c. All digital VMS/ECDIS voyage data shall be downloaded
immediately and saved.
d. All materials will be maintained by the OIC until such time
as the Director of Professional Development has cleared them to be
used or the assigned Investigating Officer has taken custody of the
materials.
18
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Chapter 4
RECORDS, LOGS, AND EQUIPMENT
1. Purpose. It is essential that reliable records of the actions
taken aboard a ship in times of combat, danger, or precise navigation
be maintained for legal reasons. The following are the log keeping
requirements for operations onboard YPs.
2. Corrections. Erasures are strictly forbidden in all navigation
logs. Neatly line out and initial an entry to make corrections.
Ballpoint pen with non-water soluble black ink will be used.
3. Ship’s Deck Log. The Ship's Deck Log is the official daily record
of the ship, by watches. The ship's deck log shall be a chronological
record of those events occurring during the watch that will
subsequently meet the needs of the OIC/CM or some fact finding body.
a. Ship's Deck Log must maintain a record of all the events of
the day particularly:
(1) Every injury, accident or casualty.
(2) Important actions taken. Enter a full reconstruction
detailing every occurrence and remarkable incident.
(3) All peculiar or extraordinary appearances of the sea,
weather or atmosphere, following sudden changes of wind, heavy squalls
of wind, or of heavy gales. Also tide rips, discolored water,
extraordinary luminescence, or discoloration of the sea.
(4) After anchoring, record bearings and ranges such as to
enable the exact position of the ship to be located on the chart.
(5) When at anchor in heavy weather, the strain upon the
anchor chain or cables and other unusual conditions.
(6) The time when any particular evolution, exercise, or other
service was performed, preparing to enter port, or to anchor,
anchorage, getting underway, securing anchors, preparing the ship for
heavy weather, etc.
(7) All course (degrees true) and speed (knots) changes.
(8) All unexplained or unauthorized absentees, with indication
of time, occurrence, and first knowledge of absence.
(9) The arrival and departure of the OIC/AOIC/CM from the
bridge while underway.
b. If the Craftmaster is the sole watch stander on the bridge,
course, speed, engine, and rudder orders will not be logged. The
19
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
VMS/ECDIS Voyage Data Recorder will be used to provide a
reconstruction of the craft’s track.
c. If the YP is being operated in the Annapolis Operating Area
for the purposes of an academic class, course, speed, engine, and
rudder orders will not be logged. The VMS/ECDIS Voyage Data Recorder
will be used to provide a reconstruction of the craft’s track.
d. The Ship's Deck Log shall be signed out by the OIC or CM
maintaining it at the end of each watch or whenever responsibility is
transferred. Under all circumstances, the Ship's Deck Log shall be
signed out by the person maintaining it following the mooring entry.
The name of the OIC or CM shall be printed beneath the signature. It
is important to brief the requirements of the log when getting under
way and to review the Deck Log's contents on a periodic basis.
e. OPNAV Instruction 3100.7B contains sample entries as does the
sample deck log sheet 14-1 on page 14-2. Copies of OPNAVINST 3100.7B
can be utilized on onboard every YP by asking the Craft Master for his
YP’s copy.
4. Ship’s Position Log. A record of positions and soundings from all
sources used. In addition, fathometer soundings will be recorded.
This log shall be maintained whenever the YPs are operating outside
the Annapolis Operating Area.
a. When multiple positioning aids are available, the OIC will
determine which is to be used as the Primary Positioning Source (PPS).
It is this position that is to be recorded in the log.
b. The Ship’s Position Log may be secured
the OIC/CM whenever the Standard Bearing Book
waters. When entering restricted waters from
initial piloting fix will be recorded in both
and Ship’s Bearing Book. The same is true of
when leaving restricted waters.
with the concurrence of
is used in piloting
the open sea, the
the Ship's Position Log
the last piloting fix
c. Position data should also be recorded in VMS through the use of
the track history feature. At the conclusion of each underway out of
the operating area, the information will be downloaded and remain with
the Ship’s Position Log for the same time period.
d. Upon relief or when secured, the watch or Bearing Recorder will
sign his/her name across columns 18-41.
5. Ships Bearing Book. This record shall be maintained whenever the
YPs are operating outside the Annapolis Operating Area
a. Bearings are recorded in the appropriate columns corresponding
to the recorded time. All bearings are visual by gyro compass unless
otherwise indicated.
20
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
b. Depths are recorded as depths under the keel by fathometer
unless otherwise indicated.
c. The Ship’s Bearing Book may be secured with the concurrence of
the OIC/CM whenever the Position Log is used in piloting waters. When
entering restricted waters from the open sea, the initial piloting fix
will be recorded in both the Ship's Position Log and Ship’s Bearing
Book. The same is true of the last piloting fix when leaving
restricted waters.
d. The OIC/CM shall sign his name following the last entry of the
watch and/or the days operation.
6. Required Publications. Following are the required publications
when departing the Annapolis Operation Area:
a. Applicable corrected piloting charts as directed by the
Operations Order in-force (Navigation Annex).
b. United States Coastal Pilots as directed by the Operations
Order in-force (Navigation Annex).
c. Light List, Atlantic Coast, Volume 2.
d. Tide Tables, East Coast of North and South America (current
year).
e. Tidal Current Tables, Atlantic Coast of North America (current
year).
f. Navigation Rules, International-Inland, USCGCOMDTINST M16672.2
Series.
g. This document.
7. Navigational Safety Warning Messages. When transiting or
conducting training outside of the Annapolis Operation Area, OIC/CM
should review posted safety warning messages daily. The following
methods should be used:
a. The OIC/CM should use the Coast Guard website
(www.navcen.uscg.gov) in order to view special warnings and advisories
for the area they are operating in. Other useful government websites
are provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) including Tides and Currents (www.tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov)
and the National Weather Service (www.weather.gov/forecastmaps).
b. Routinely, the SEANAV Operations Officer will collate
navigation advisory notices and NTM and forward the appropriate
information to the deployed OTC.
21
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
YP NAVIGATION REPORT
After plotting each fix and DR, a “safe water” or “danger” call must
be made based on the results of the fix. Assess the YP’s position and
future movement. Determine if the current course leads into shoal
water within twice the fix interval. If so, announce “Danger”,
ensuring the OIC, CM, OOD, and CONN all hear and properly acknowledge
the report. If the current course leads to water that is safe for
navigation, announce “Safe Water.”
“Safe Water or Danger” Report
Based on our fix, Navigation holds the Craft
in SAFE WATER or DANGER.
Full Navigation Report
Based off a/an (EXCELLENT, GOOD, FAIR, POOR) (VISUAL,
ELECTRONIC, COMPOSITE) fix at time ______ navigation holds you
(ON TRACK, RIGHT/LEFT) of track by ________ yards (OPENING/
CLOSING).
Navigation recommends you (MAINTAIN COURSE AND SPEED,
ALTER COURSE AND SPEED ____________) to regain track.
The nearest hazard to navigation is __________________,
__________________ yards off the (STARBOARD, PORT) (BOW, BEAM,
QUARTER).
The nearest aid to navigation is __________________,
__________________ yards off the (STARBOARD, PORT) (BOW, BEAM,
QUARTER).
There are _________ feet beneath the keel, this (CONCURS / DOES
NOT CONCUR) with charted depth.
Distance remaining in this leg is __________________ yards. Time
to turn is __________________.
Next course is
__________________ degrees True.
Set and Drift is ___________degrees True at ____ knots.
Enclosure (1)
22
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
CHART PREPARATION CHECKLIST
Step
1
2
Action
Initials
Identify the chart for use and insure that is the latest
edition using the Hydrographic Product Catalog, Notice to
Mariners and Local Notice to Mariners.
Locate Notice to Mariners (NTM) updates via the internet:
http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/updates/LNM_NM.html
3
Apply all NTM updates, ensuring that they are correctly
annotated. The correction tree is to be located on the left
side of the chart and will have three columns: NTM / LNTM,
date and printed initials of person responsible for making
correction to chart. All NTM corrections will be made with
black ink or per NTM direction. All LNTM will be made in
pencil.
4
Highlight the Geodetic Datum in Yellow.
and annual change in each compass rose.
5
Highlight the chart sounding datum (feet, fathom or meters)
and outline all shoal water on chart with a blue Sharpie
Marker, Ultra Fine Point (A fine point is used over a wide
tip in order to not to cover important chart information).
Outline all shoals on chart according to the Craft’s
navigation draft.
6
Identify all the navigation aids to be used. Visual aids
will be identified by a green Sharpie, Ultra Fine Point
circle using Staedtler Professional General Purpose
Template*, 5/8”. The circle will be colored using a yellow
fluorescent highlighter, and a two letter identifier will be
used on all visual aids starting with “V” for visual, for
example (VT). Visual aids will never use the letter “R” as
the first letter in its designator. All radar navigation
aids will have a 5/8” blue Sharpie, Ultra Fine Point
triangle using the same Staedtler Professional General
Purpose Template. The Radar navigation aid will have a two
letter designator; however, it will have an “R” for the
first letter for Radar, for example a pier might be labeled
“RP.” Radar navigation aids will be colored using a blue
highlighter.
7
Plot and ink the track.
8
All tracks will be clearly labeled with both True and
Magnetic courses, speed of advance and distance in yards.
This will be placed along the track at least once in an area
that does not interfere with chart information. Distance is
measured from waypoint to waypoint. Data boxes are to be
parallel to the track in which they correspond to and shall
23
Highlight Variation
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
not interfere with navigation. The leading arrow of these
junction boxes will be in direction of the course. Track
boxes will be inked in black.
9
Determine each turn bearing and connect to the appropriate
nav aid using a dashed line, labeled as follows:
“TB VD 123T/052R“
TBs will be labeled both true and relative bearings. Turn
ranges (if required) shall plotted using a dotted arc and
label as follows:
“TR RD 3150 yds”
10
Distance to turn point labeled at 100-yard increments and
500 yards from the 1000 yard mark.
11
Danger Bearings shall be used and labeled at all appropriate
points along the track as required.
12
Add Parallel Indexes to the chart.
13
Charts will contain a Command Review Block in the following
format:
Prepared by: ______________________
Reviewed by: _____________________
Approved by: _____________________
This block will be located on an area of the chart not used
for navigation. Signatures are to be completed in black ink
pen. YP OICs will review and sign all charts to be used for
their craft.
14
Label and fold the chart in fourths (with the back side
out). Label in legible 1” print letters on the bottom right
hand corner of the chart – to include the name and number.
Immediately above the label, write the number of the
previous chart on the track and immediately below the label,
write the next chart number on the track. The numbers of
the previous and next charts should be 1/3” lettering. MIDN
will also label the chart with student name and section, if
applicable.
For example:
Name, Section.
Chart: 13224
Chart 13223 Narragansett Bay Including Newport Harbor.
Chart 13218
Enclosure (2)
24
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Navigation Brief Attendance Register
From / To
Date / Time / Venue
PRODEV / SEANAV
Officer in Tactical Command
Officer in Charge (OIC)*
Assistant OIC*
Craftmaster (CM)*
Engineer*
MIDN Commanding Officer*
MIDN Executive Officer*
Officer of the Deck*
Conning Officer*
Assistant Navigator*
Plotter*
Radar Operator*
Helmsman*
Lee Helm*
Bearing Book Recorder*
Port Bearing Taker*
Starboard Bearing Taker*
* - Attendance is mandatory for these personnel.
Enclosure (3)
25
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
VMS/ECDIS PREPARATION CHECKLIST
Date:
____________________
The OIC must ensure the listed items have been completed prior to getting
underway.
Action
Responsibility
Initials
1. Ensure that all appropriate digital
charts are available and displayed with the
OIC
latest available vector data updates (VDUs).
2. Load the required Voyage Plan ensuring
that the track matches the paper charts in
OIC
use.
3. Configure the Display Systems Settings
and Vector Chart Features in accordance
OIC
with Enclosures (4),(5) or (9) as
appropriate for the ECDIS / VMS type in use.
4. Verify the following safety critical
settings are correct:
a. LOOK AHEAD TIME: 6 minutes.
b. SAFETY DEPTH: 12 feet.
OIC
c. SAFETY HEIGHT: 60 feet.
d. ALARM ON NEW DANGERS (VMS 7): ‘ON’.
e. SHALLOW CONTOUR: 12 feet.
f. DEEP CONTOUR: 36 feet.
5. Ensure that Ownship’s Heading Vector is
set to twice the fix interval (usually six
OIC
minutes).
6. Ensure that Auto Chart Loading has been
OIC
selected.
7. Check all sensors that are enabled.
OIC
8. Set Ownship / Track History to 8 hours.
OIC
Enclosure (4)
26
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
VMS VERSION 9.1 DISPLAY FEATURES
Chart Settings
Status
Display Mode
Main Menu > Charts > Chart Settings
Base
Off
Standard
Off
Other (Additional Features)
On
Drop Down
Select Charting - VPF
GeoSym Beautification
On
Light Features
On
Overscale Pattern
On
Shallow Pattern
On
Simplified Symbols
Off
Soundings and Depths
On
Symbol Filtering
Off
Text Information
On
Text Outline
On
Text Scale (1.0)
On
TOD Level O-4
On
Two Shade Depths
On
Route Display Settings
Main Menu > Routes > Route Display Settings
Display Monitored Route
On
Show critical point labels
On
Show current turn bearing
On
Show current turn range
On
Show distance to turn
On
Show leg bearings
On
Show leg distances
On
Show planned speeds
On
Show planned wheelover
On
Show slide bar
On
Show time to turn
On
Show turn bearing objects
On
Show turn ranges objects
On
Show waypoint labels
On
Enclosure (5)
27
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Show wheelover labels
On
Ownship (NAVTOOLS > Display Settings)
Beam Line Length
10.0 nm
Display True Scale Ship
On
Display Stern Line
Off
Display Antenna Position
Off
Ownship Vector (NAVTOOLS > Display Settings)
Display Vector Tick Marks
On
Vector Tick Marks Interval
1 minute
Display Vector
Arrowheads
On
Predicted Vector
On
Predicted Ship
On
Predicted Path
On
Dangers (See Enclosure 4)
Show Safety Region
On
Anchor Display Settings (NAVTOOLS > Anchoring Menu)
Anchor Symbol
On
Drag Ring
On
Drop Bearing Object
On
Drop Range Object
On
Head Bearing
On
Inner Range Rings
On
Letting Go Circle
On
Outer Range Rings
On
Swing Ring
On
Ownship History
Selected Sensor History
On
Connect Past Positions
On
Position Details
On
Display Events
Off
Maximum Length
8 hours
Spacing of Positions: Desired
1 minute
Sensor History
On
Enclosure (5)
28
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
RAYTHEON PATHFINDER ECDIS AND RADAR MULTI-FUNCTION
CONSOLE SETTINGS (703 CLASS YP)
DNC Chart Options
Status
Chart Feature Sets
Full Display
Standard Display Options
Chart Information
On
Seabed Dangers
On
Marks, Signals and Lights
On
Coastal Features
On
Traffic Routes
On
New Shore Structure
On
Landmarks
On
Services
On
Restricted and Cautionary Areas
On
Depth, Currents
On
Protected Areas
On
Other Chart Information
Chart Information
On
Natural Features
On
Shore Structures
On
Tide Rips
On
Seabed Information
On
Depth, Currents
On
Port Features
On
Administrative Areas
On
Text
On
Supplemental Chart Information
Lights Leg Length
Off
Lights Information
On
Center Symbol Off
Off
Not Danger Depths Off
Off
Shallow Pattern
Off
All Contours
On
Generic Text Off
Off
Enclosure (6)
29
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Unknown Objects Off
Off
Text Other
On
Coverage Off
Off
Text Important
On
Grid
Off
Two Shades Scheme
Off
Overscale Indicator
On
Quality of Data Off
Off
Mariner’s Object Text
On
Depth Settings (Safety Critical)
Shallow Contour
12 feet
Safety Contour
18 feet
Deep Contour
18 feet
Not Danger Depths Off
Off
Shallow Pattern
Off
All Contours
On
Generic Text Off
Off
Display Settings
Docking
Selected
Logs > Voyage Data Recorder
Increments
One Minute
Integration > Navigation Device Selection
GPS (Use DGPS 1 as Primary
Positioning Source)
Enabled
ARPA
Enabled
Radar Image Overlay (RIO)
Enabled
Echo Sounder (Fathometer)
Enabled
Echo Sounder Alarm Depth
(beneath keel)
6 Feet
Auto Pilot
Enabled
ECDIS Display Settings
Default Scale
Enabled
Ship Auto-Centre
Enabled
Allow Ship Motion By
5%
Off Centre Range
50%
Enclosure (6)
30
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Use Toolbar Button to
enable/disable Auto-Centre
On
ECDIS Functions
Routes
(select each time route altered)
Send to Radar
Right Click on nearest shoal
water contour
Send to Radar
ECDIS Position Monitoring
Enable Position Monitoring Alarm
On
Deviation Limit
30 meters
X-Band Radar Settings
Sea and Rain Functions
Auto
Gain
Adjust as required
Vectors and Target History
RM(T) Relative Motion, True Trails
Selected
North Up
Selected
Range Rings
On
AIS
On
Radar and AIS Options
Enable AIS Targets
On
Progressive Movement
On
Show Labels on Active Targets
On
Sleeping Targets
(if not dangerous)
On
Draw outline Hull Shape if possible
On
Show AIS AToN and
Base Stations
On
Display only targets
within range
Limits set at 55 NM
No Lost Targets Outside of
10 NM
Dangerous AIS Target CPA
1.0 NM
Dangerous AIS Target TCPA
5 minutes
Enclosure (6)
31
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
NAVIGATION BRIEF FORMAT
Item
Details
Voyage Plan
Provide an overview of total distance and critical points.
ETD / ETA / SOA
What is the overall Speed, Time and Distance challenge?
Weather
Brief the weather forecast
Forecast
out to ETA + 12 hours.
Ephemeral
How will the predicted currents and
Data
tidal states impact my plan?
Charts in Use
Present approved and corrected charts in order of
(Both Paper
use.
Ensure that all publications are at the latest
and Digital)
Outstanding
Preparations
change state.
Are all actions complete?
Is the Craft ready in all
respects for sea and are the internal compartments
correctly secured for rough weather?
Navigation
Track Overview, proximity of shoal water and
Plan
speed limits.
Emergencies
To include engineering casualties, navigation sensor
failures, fire, flood and Man Overboard.
Movements
Outline intentions of other military / civilian
vessels in the area.
Communications
VHF (BTB) in additional to any
tactical circuits in use.
Uniform
Both in the Pilothouse and on the Upper Decks.
Considerations
Ceremonial / VIP Visitors / Gangway
Enclosure (7)
32
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Record of Annual Review
1. Yearly Review of this Instruction. All personnel tasked with
watchkeeping underway in a USNA YP are to ensure that they
comprehensively review this document at least every 12 months and
seek assistance should any of the procedures included herein
require explanation.
2.
OIC / CM Qualification and Sustainment Tracker. The SEANAV
Training Officer and WR Senior Craftmaster shall track each OIC
and CM to ensure that this requirement is met. The most recent
date of review of this instruction will be checked prior to any
Sustainment Ride.
3.
Signature Record.
An example signature sheet is shown below.
Name
Date of Review
Enclosure (8)
33
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
VMS VERSION 7.7 DISPLAY FEATURES
Display Features
Status
Anchor Drag
Drag Circle
On
Swing Circle
On
Anchorage
Anchorage
On
Head Bearing
On
Guard Ring
On
LOP Draw
Fix
On
Fix History
On
Dead Reckoning
On
Tem Nav Points
On
Lat / Long Grid
Off
Mariner Objects
Object Name
On
Object Label
On
Show Hidden
Off
Orientation
On
Own Ship
Ship Outline
On
Ship Symbol
On
Heading Vector
On
Course Vector
On
Predicted
On
Predicted Ship
On
History Ship
Off
Ship History
On
SDNC Charts
Symbolization
Off
Display Features
Depth Shades
Four
Shallow Contour
On
Enclosure(9)
34
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Deep Contour
On
Water – DNC Depth, DNC Water
On
TOD 0
On
TOD 2
On
Chart Text
Navigational
On
Light
On
Sound and Color
On
Seabed
On
Named Locations
On
Berth Names
On
Other Text
On
Chart Features
Display Failed
On
Major Coastal
On
Conspicuous
On
Shallow Water
(safety contour and limits of
shoal water will still be
displayed)
On
Swept Areas
Off
Seabed Dangers
On
Traffic Routes
On
Restricted and Cautionary Areas
On
Information
On
Daymarks
On
Buoyage
On
Topmarks
On
Lights
On
Fog Signals
On
Radar Navigation Aids
Off
Pilot Features
On
Additional
On
Natural
On
Shore
On
Enclosure(9)
35
DIVPRODEVINST 3530.1B
02 DEC 13
Port Features
On
Soundings
On
Depth Contours
On
Currents
Off
Seabed
On
Administrative
On
Radar and Radio
Off
Coast Guard Stations
On
Small Craft Facilities
Off
Track Display
GPS Fwd
On
GPS Aft
On
Range LOP
On
Composite LOP
On
Manual
On
Visual LOP
On
Voyage Plans
Track Line
On
Waypoint
On
Waypoint Names
On
Leg Course
On
Leg
On
Planned
On
Turn Range
On
Turn Bearing
On
Slide Bar
On
Time to Wheelover
On
PIM Plan
On
PIM Spd / Dist / Time
On
Enclosure (9)
36