Irish Food Board
annual report and financial statements 2001
Contents
To the Minister for Agriculture, Food and
Chairman’s Statement
3
Ráiteas an Chathaoirligh
5
Chief Executive’s Review
9
Rural Development
In accordance with Section 22 of An Bord Bia Act 1994, the
Board is pleased to submit to the Minister its Annual Report and
Accounts for the 12-month period ended 31 December 2001.
Corporate Statement
20
Prompt Payment of Accounts
21
Don Aire Talmhaíochta, Bia agus Forbatha Tuaithe
Board Membership
22
Der réir Alt 22 den Acht um an mBord Bia 1994, tá áthas ar an
Organisation Structure
26
2001 a chur faoi bhráid an Aire.
The Organisation
27
Philib Ó Loinsigh
Report of the Comptroller and
Philip Lynch
Michael Duffy
Chairman
Chief Executive
mBord a Thuarascáil Bhliantúil don bhliain dar críoch 31 Nollaig
Micheál Ó Dufaigh
An Cathaoirleach An Príomhfheidmeannach
Auditor General
28
Statement of Accounting Policies
29
Income & Expenditure Account
31
Balance Sheet
32
Cash Flow Statement
33
Notes forming part of the
Financial Statements
Irish Food Board
34
Exports 2001
Irish Food & Drink Exports (€m)
Animal Foods
2%
Fish
4%
Dairy Products
26%
Edible Horticulture
& Cereals
3%
Beverages
13%
Prepared Foods
26%
Poultry
2%
Lamb
4%
Pigmeat
5%
Beef
14%
Live Cattle
1%
117
120
288
288
1,759
1,722
163
180
871
880
1,639
1,710
146
140
184
260
279
330
1,492
902
203
58
Exports By Sector (value in €m)
2000
2001(e)
Animal Foods
117
120
2%
Fish
288
288
4%
1,759
1,722
26%
Edible Horticulture & Cereals
163
180
3%
Beverages
871
880
13%
1,639
1,710
26%
Poultry
146
140
2%
Lamb
184
260
4%
Pigmeat
279
330
5%
1,492
902
14%
203
58
1%
7,141
6,590
100
Dairy Products1
Prepared Foods
Beef
1
Live Cattle
Total value of Irish food and drink exports
1 Including refunds
% of 2001 Exports
Chairman’s
Statement
Philip Lynch
Chairman
The year 2001 will be remembered for the major
outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in Britain.
In addition, the emergence of BSE on the continent
had a significant adverse impact on the levels of beef
exports from Ireland. Whilst dairy showed a small
reduction due to difficult international conditions,
increases in exports were evident in prepared foods,
lamb, pigmeat and beverages. Total exports were
€6.6 billion for the year.
The tremendous response by the Irish public to the
FMD controls was a critical factor in the successful
management of the campaign. This support
highlighted the importance of the agri-food sector to
the performance of the Irish economy, not surprising
when we consider the regional dispersion of the
industry, its output of over €14 billion and direct and
indirect employment in excess of 178,000.
The Irish food and drink industry operates at an
international level and in a most competitive, complex
and fast moving marketplace. Bord Bia’s mission is to
deliver effective and innovative market development,
promotion and information services to assist
companies win new business.
Supply chain management is evolving as retailers look
to remove cost from the system. Developments in this
area often pose fundamental challenges to suppliers.
Competition from non-food items for limited shelf
space and the move up the value chain for retailers’
own brand offer puts further pressure on companies
to develop unique selling propositions. Companies can
expect this competitive environment to continue. It is
essential that our market development services are
practical, relevant and continue to assist companies
manage their key relationships in this context.
One of Bord Bia’s most important services is to
provide industry with information and intelligence on
the marketplace, with particular emphasis on emerging
consumer trends and needs. Today the consumer
is ever changing. We have smaller households,
dual family incomes and a growing ‘grey’ market.
Consumers are more informed and more demanding.
They want safe and healthy food that meets their
special, individual needs and value for money. Food
and drink are increasingly driving lifestyles rather than
reacting to them. There is a merging of eating out and
eating at home. All of these factors impact on how
new products are developed and how our retail and
foodservice partners communicate with the consumer.
Bord Bia’s goal is to provide information and
knowledge which assists companies identify new
opportunities and to find gaps in the marketplace that
can be filled profitably by Irish suppliers.
With recovery in markets, the food and drink industry
will return to overall growth in 2002. Critical to
continued success will be the maintenance of
competitiveness in a cost conscious environment.
Servicing the needs of our global customer base in
retail, foodservice and manufacturing, in an innovative,
market led manner will be vital if Irish companies are
to build on existing relationships and grow their
business. I am confident that Bord Bia has the
strategy, the services and the people to play a key
role in assisting companies achieve their growth
objectives. Above all the Board, Management and Staff
are committed to actively living and realising our vision
- to champion the success of Irish food and drink.
Appreciation
Bord Bia relies on the co-operation and assistance of
many key people and organisations to achieve its
strategic objectives and to deliver value to its
stakeholders and clients.
We are grateful for the proactive support of Mr Joe
Walsh, TD, Minister for Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development and his Department. The Minister and his
Department faced challenges in 2001 that made
unprecedented demands on them and I wish to record
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 3
Chairman’s
Statement
here our congratulations and gratitude for the
leadership and judgement that they brought to bear in
a time of severe national crisis. In addition to Minister
Walsh, Minister of State Noel Davern, Minister of State
Eamon Ó Cuív and Secretary General John Malone
and their officials continued their commitment to, and
support for, Bord Bia’s programmes and assisted us
in the implementation of these in a most active way,
including participating at events abroad (on top of
otherwise very demanding schedules).
Operating effective programmes requires working
closely with other organisations, both public and
private and with industry representative organisations.
We value greatly the support and inputs they so
willingly make available to us and which contribute
so much to our activities. I also want to thank our
Ambassadors and Irish embassies in overseas
markets who are always there to support and add
value to our activities.
In the highly competitive, challenging and changing
environment that lies ahead of us there is no doubt but
that the bedrock of the organisation’s success will be
the excellence and commitment of our staff. They
have shown they are committed to change and that
their reputation for excellence and service is well
deserved. The Chief Executive, Michael Duffy, has
been at the forefront of these developments and his
leadership and teambuilding have been critical to Bord
Bia’s success. On behalf of the Board and on my own
behalf, I thank him, the Management and Staff of Bord
Bia for their contributions to date and for their
continuing commitment to achieving our objectives.
4 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
It is the role of the Board to take ultimate responsibility
for the governance of the organisation. We have an
excellent Board, ably assisted by the Subsidiary
Boards and I am pleased once again to acknowledge
their generous dedication and commitment, which I
value greatly and without which we could not take on
challenging workloads and continue to achieve
significant success.
Finally, I wish to say I am honoured that the Minister
has re-appointed me for another term, a task I am
pleased to undertake knowing I have the support of a
highly dedicated Board and Management team.
Philip Lynch
Chairman
Ráiteas an
Chathaoirligh
Beidh cuimhne ar 2001 mar an bhliain ar bhris ráig
mhór den ghalar Crúb agus Béil amach sa Bhreatain.
Chomh maith leis sin bhí tionchar suntasach agus
diúltach ag teacht chun cinn BSE ar an mór-roinn ar
leibhéil onnmhairithe mairteola as Éirinn. Cé go raibh
laghdú beag i ndéiríocht de bharr coinníollacha
idirnáisiúnta, ba léir go raibh meadú ar onnmhairiú bia
ullmhaithe, uaineoil, muiceoil agus deochanna. Ba é
luach na n-onnmhairí iomlána don bhliain ná €6.6
billiún.
Bhí freagairt mhuintir na hÉireann ar rialaithe FMD mar
fhachtóir criticiúil i mbainistíocht rathúil an fheachtais.
Thug an tacaíocht seo chun solais chomh tábhachtach
is atá an earnáil bhia-talmhaíochta d’fheidhmíocht
gheilleagar na hÉireann agus ní nach ionadh nuair a
smaoinimíd ar scaipeadh réigiúnach an tionscail, ar an
aschur de bhreis is €14 billiún agus an fhostaíocht
dhíreach agus indíreach de bhreis is 178,000.
Oibríonn an tionscal bia agus dí ag leibhéal
idirnáisiúnta agus i margaí atá fíorchasta, fíorthapa,
agus fíor-íomaíoch. Is é misean Bhord Bia ná forbairt
margaí nuálach agus éifeachtach, seirbhísí eolais agus
chur chun cinn a sheachadadh chun cuidiú le
cuideachtaí gnó nua a bhaint amach. Tá bainistíocht
an tslabhra soláthair ag éabhlú de réir mar a
fhéachann miondíoltóirí le deireadh a chur le costas a
bhaineann leis an gcóras. Go minic cothaíonn forbairtí
sa réimse sin dúshláin do sholáthróirí. Cuireann
iomaíocht don spás teoranta ar sheilfeanna ó earraí
nach earraí bia iad agus an ghluaiseacht suas ar an
slabhra luacha do bhranda na miondíoltóirí féin
tuilleadh brú ar chuideachtaí a gcuid tograí díolta ar
leithligh féin a fhorbairt. Féadfaidh cuideachtaí a bheith
ag súil go leanfaidh an timpeallacht iomaíoch sin.
Tá sé ríthábhachtach go mbeidh ár gcuid seirbhísí
forbartha margaí praiticiúil, cuí agus sa chomhthéacs
sin go leanfaidh siad ag cuidiú le cuideachtaí bainistiú
a dhéanamh ar a bpríomhchaidrimh.
Ceann de na seirbhísí is tábhachtaí atá ag Bord Bia ná
eolas agus faisnéis ar an margadh a sholáthar do
thionscal le béim ar leith ar threochtaí agus riachtanais
nua an tomhaltóra. Bíonn an tomhaltóir ag síor athrú
sa lá atá inniu ann. Tá líonta tí níos lú, tá dhá ioncam
ag teaghlaigh agus tá margadh daoine scothaosta ag
méadú againn. Tá níos mó eolais ag tomhaltóirí agus
éilíonn siad níos mó. Tá bia sláintiúil agus sábháilte
uathu, tá bia uathu a fhreastalaíonn ar a riachtanais
speisialta féin agus tá siad ag iarraidh luach a gcuid
airgid. Tá bia agus deoch ag stiúradh ár mbealaí
maireachtála seachas a bheith ag freagairt dóibh. Tá
cumasc anois ann idir a bheith ag ithe sa bhaile agus
ag ithe amuigh. Bíonn tionchar ag na fachtóirí sin ar
fad ar conas a fhorbraítear táirgí nua agus conas mar
a dhéanann compháirtithe miondíola agus seirbhíse bia
cumarsáid leis an tomhaltóir. Is é sprioc Bhord Bia ná
eolas agus faisnéis a sholáthar a chuidíonn le
cuideachtaí deiseanna nua a aithint agus bearnaí a
fháil sa mhargadh ionas gur féidir le soláthróirí
Éireannacha iad a líonadh go brabúsach.
Le feabhas ar na margaí, beidh an tionscal bia agus dí
ar ais chuig fás ar an iomlán i 2002. Ríthábhachtach
do rathúlacht leanúnach tá cothabháil an iomaíochais i
dtimpeallacht atá coinsiasach faoi chostas. Beidh
seirbhísiú ar riachtanais ár mbonn custaiméirí
domhanda i miondíol, seirbhís bia agus déantúsaíocht
ar bhealach nuálach, margadh-threoraithe
ríthábhachtach má tá cuideachtaí Éireannacha chun
cur le caidrimh atá acu cheana agus cur lena ngnó.
Táim muiníneach go bhfuil straitéis, na seirbhísí agus
na daoine ag Bord Bia chun ról tábhachtach a imirt
chun cuidiú le cuideachtaí a gcuspóirí fáis a bhaint
amach. Thar ní ar bith eile tá an Bord, an Bhainistíocht
agus an Fhoireann tiomanta dár bhfís ceannródaíocht a
dhéanamh le go n-éireoidh le bia agus deoch na
hÉireann.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 5
Ráiteas an
Chathaoirligh
Buíochas
Tá Bord Bia ag brath ar chomhoibriú agus ar chúnamh
go leor daoine agus eagraíochtaí chun a chuspóirí
straitéiseacha a bhaint amach agus chun luach a
thabhairt dá pháiritithe leasmhara agus a chliaint.
Táimid buíoch as tacaíocht fhorghníomhach an Uasal
Joe Walsh, TD, an tAire Talmhaíochta, Bia agus
Forbartha Tuaithe agus a Roinne. Tháinig dúshláin chun
cinn i 2001 don Aire agus dá Roinn a chuir éilimh gan
choinne orthu agus ba mhaith liom comhghairdeas a
dhéanamh leo agus buíochas a ghlacadh leo as a
gceannaireacht agus a mbreithiúnas le linn ama a raibh
géarchéim náisiúnta ann. Chomh maith leis sin lean an
tAire Walsh, an tAire Stáit, Noel Davern, an tAire Stáit
Éamonn Ó Cuív agus an Rúnaí Ginearálta John Malone
agus a n-oifigigh dá dtiomantas agus dá dtacaíocht do
chláir Bhord Bia agus chuidigh siad linn iad a fheidhmiú
ar an mbealach is gníomhaí lena n-áirítear a bheith
rannpháirteach in imeachtaí thar lear (chomh maith
lena sceidil chrúógacha féin).
Chun cláir éifeachtacha a oibriú ní mór obair go dlúth
le heagraíochtaí príobháideacha agus poiblí eile agus
le heagraíochtaí atá ionadaíoch ar an tionscal. Is mór
againn an tacaíocht agus an t-ionchur a chuireann siad
ar fáil dúinn agus a chuireann chomh mór lenár
ngníomhaíochtaí. Ba mhaith liom buíochas a ghlacadh
freisin lenár n-Ambasadóirí agus ár n-Ambasáidí
Éireannacha i margaí thar lear a bhíonn ar fáil i gcónaí
chun tacaíocht a thabhairt dár ngníomhaíochtaí agus
chun cur leo.
6 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
I dtimpeallacht atá fíor- iomaíoch, dúshlánach agus
athraitheach níl aon amhras ach gurb é bunchloch
rathúlachta na heagraíochta ná tiomantas agus
sármhaitheas na foirne. Léirigh siad go bhfuil siad
tiomanta d’athrú agus go bhfuil a gcáil mar fhoireann
thiomanta agus shármhaith tuillte acu. Bhí an
Príomhfheidhmeannach, Michael Duffy i dtús
cadhnaíochta ar na forbairtí sin agus tá a
cheannaireacht agus a chumas chun foirne a chothú
criticiúil do rathúlacht Bhord Bia. Thar ceann an Bhoird
agus uaim féin ba mhaith liom buíochas a ghlacadh
leisean, leis an mBainistíocht agus le Foireann Bhord
Bia as a n-obair go dtí seo agus as a dtiomantas
leanúnach dár gcuspóirí a bhaint amach.
Is é ról an Bhoird freagracht a ghlacadh as rialú na
heagraíochta. Tá Bord den scoth againn a fhaigheann
cúnamh cumasach ó na Boird Chúnta agus tá áthas
orm arís aitheantas a thabhairt dá ndílseacht agus a
dtiomantas. Is mór agamsa iad agus ní bheimis ábalta
tabhairt faoi na hualaí oibre dúshlánacha dá n-uireasa.
Ar deireadh ba mhian liom a rá gur mór an onóir dom
go bhfuilim athcheaptha ag an Aire do théarma eile,
tasc a bhfuilim thar a bheith sásta tabhairt faoi agus
fios agam go bhfuil tacaíocht agam ó Bhord agus ó
fhoireann bainistíochta sárthiomanta.
Philib Ó Loinsigh
An Cathaoirleach
Chief Executive’s
Review
Michael Duffy
Chief Executive
Irish food and drink exports reached €6.6 billion in
2001, a reduction of 7.7 per cent on 2000, in what
was a very challenging environment for the industry.
The continued impact of the BSE crisis in Europe,
followed by the emergence of Foot and Mouth Disease
(FMD) in the UK and subsequently the single case of
FMD in the Republic of Ireland, proved a direct and
serious challenge to our meat industry and to the agrifood sector in general.
In response to this challenging environment, Bord Bia
moved quickly to intensify activity across its market
development, promotion and information services
through effectively organising and managing a range
of tailored and highly focused initiatives on behalf of
the food and drink sector. Examples of these initiatives
included:
Brand Programme
Bord Bia established the Brand Programme in 2001,
the objective being to sustain and nurture new Irish
food and drink brands. The Programme provides a
networking opportunity and knowledge-sharing
platform for member food and drink companies
through a Brand Forum. The uniqueness of the forum
is its exclusive dedication to the discussion of food
and drink brand issues. Forty companies have since
joined the group. The Brand Programme also initiated
the development of practical guides to food and
drink brands. Additionally research was commissioned
in Britain and Ireland as to how Irish origin can be
used as a supporting statement to various brand
positioning options.
Féile Bia
European Meat Forum
An overall decline of eight per cent on beef
consumption on the continent due to BSE concerns,
combined with a loss of access to key International
Markets for EU beef, adversely affected beef exports.
A European Meat Forum, to stimulate key European
customers to increase purchases of Irish beef, was
attended by over 360 delegates, along with 160
European buyers and 18 trade journalists from over
10 countries. The majority of our key retailers and
foodservice operators from our core target markets
were represented at the level of purchasing director or
buyer. In addition, all the main importers/wholesalers
handling Irish beef were present. An independent
evaluation carried out after the event, revealed that
73% of buyers expected to increase their levels of
purchasing of Irish beef by an average of 29%.
Féile Bia is a joint collaboration between Bord Bia, the
Restaurants Association of Ireland, the Irish Hotels
Federation and with the support of the farming
community. It evolved into a year-round promotion in
2001 with 330 hotels and restaurants signing up to
the Féile Bia charter. The aim of Féile Bia is to
promote the use of quality food in the foodservice
sector in Ireland.
Deli Futures
Deli Futures, a trade development service for small
food and drink firms in Ireland, was successfully
launched and included countrywide retail account
briefings with the main retail trade accounts. This
proved effective in assisting over 85 small food and
drink firms to gain access to the required information
to develop their business with accounts which make
up to 60 per cent combined purchasing power in
grocery food in Ireland.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 9
Chief Executive’s
Review
French Lamb Promotion
The “L’Agneau de la St Jean” promotion campaign for
Irish lamb in France was extended to 850 outlets of
the Carrefour and Intermarche retail chains, as well
as a number of independent retailing outlets. The
campaign was timed to take place during the summer
period, when Irish lamb quality is at its best, and
volume availability is also at its highest.
Foodservice Programme
New market guides were produced for both the Irish
and French Foodservice sectors. These provide
practical direction for food companies, documenting
the structure and developments in each market over
the past four years and outlining food buying and
menu planning policies. The considerable uptake of
both initiatives reflected the growing interest of Irish
companies in the foodservice sector.
Quality Assurance
In 2001, Bord Bia’s Quality Assurance activities
encompassed a wider range of food products.
Arrangements were put in place to develop Quality
Assurance programmes for both the poultry and lamb
sectors. Specialist Technical Advisory Committees
(TACs) were established for both sectors and during
the year considerable progress was made in drafting
the required technical standards. Separately, the
Egg Quality Assurance Scheme, which had been
successfully launched two years earlier, was
completely revised in line with the requirements of
the International benchmark standard EN45011. The
revised standard was issued to the egg sector and
made operational at year-end and has also been
submitted to the National Accreditation Board
(NAB) for accreditation purposes. Good corporate
governance requires that Quality Assurance Schemes
operate to the highest standards of International best
practice, accordingly it is Board policy to seek to have
all its Quality Assurance programmes adapted to
conform to the EN45011 product standard. Work is
currently in process to have the beef scheme
accredited to this standard in 2002.
Ireland The Food Island
Ireland The Food Island was launched as an umbrella
brand for Irish food and drink. In the competitive
environment in which Irish companies operate, there
is a need for the assertive promotion of Ireland’s
capability as a quality food producer with efficient
modern and technically advanced companies
producing quality products. The new Ireland The Food
Island design builds on the traditional image of Ireland
but in its execution it delivers on the more
commercial values and capability of the Irish food
and drink industry. The goal is to position Ireland
as a place where excellent food is produced
with uniquely Irish values.
Irish Beef Identity
Use of the “Irish Beef” mark on packed
fresh retail product was extended in 2001,
and by year-end, was being used in the
top seven multiple retail groups in Britain.
Sales of Irish beef to the British retail
10 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
sector also grew rapidly in the year, to account for
35% of Irish exports at year-end. With an overall
increase of 65% in exports of Irish beef to Britain last
year, Irish beef has consolidated its position as the
main import supplier.
Traceability
To inform the public of the traceability of beef and
the new EU beef labelling scheme, an EU funded
information leaflet was produced by Bord Bia and
distributed to all households in the Republic (over one
and a quarter million). In addition, over quarter of a
million leaflets entitled The Facts & Irish Beef were
distributed to Irish consumers through multiple
retailers and butchers.
Trade Marketing
A new trade advertising campaign, was piloted at the
Food Ingredients trade exhibition in London using
people who work in the industry to deliver key
capability messages. The sponsorship of the exclusive
Ireland The Food Island Irish Champion Stakes
exploited the ability of the new Food Island brand to
both promote awareness of Ireland as a food producer
and to act as a platform for a premium hospitality
event for Irish companies and their customers.
Information Services
We extended our information resources with the
recruitment of business analysts and further
investment in our IT services to enhance and quicken
the flow of data between markets and client
companies. In 2001, some original consumer research
in the Irish market, PERIscope – (Purchasing and
Eating in the Republic of Ireland) was completed and
will be written up as a series of reports in 2002. An
IT strategy following on from our strategic review was
progressed by a Requirements & Design project that
set out the broad requirements of new systems for
Bord Bia. This was followed by a EU tender for
products and services to implement the strategy and
a contract with the selected vendor is proceeding to
implementation. It is planned to have a Web portal for
clients by the final quarter of 2002. Such a portal will
provide an additional access method to services
allowing clients serve themselves at a time of their
choosing.
Exhibitions and Demonstrations
The trade fair programme had 21 events scheduled
for 2001. Three of these were cancelled due to FMD;
IFEX, The Royal Highland Show and The Ploughing
Championships. In spite of the cancellations, over 60
client companies participated on the Bord Bia Ireland
stands over the year with customers routinely
reporting a high rate of satisfaction with the turn-key
service Bord Bia’s exhibitions department provides.
On the Irish market over one hundred food
demonstrations were held around the country.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 11
Marketing Finance Programme
North-South Programmes
The Marketing Improvement Programme (MIAP)
provides assistance to firms involved with designated
agricultural products, e.g. chilled dairy products, bioyoghurts, garlic butter spreads, farmhouse cheeses,
honey, calcified seaweeds, food ingredients, prepared
meals, jams & preserves, charcuterie and edible
horticulture.
Cross-border trade in food and drink now stands at
over €760m and represents 30% of North-South
trade. Food and drink continues to be one of the most
important indigenous industries north and south of the
border through its sourcing of raw materials and the
provision of direct, and indirect employment. Bord Bia
and the Industrial Development Board (IDB), Northern
Ireland have come together for a joint export
marketing programme. The programme centres on
market development activities including; joint
participation at key trade fairs, market investigations
and sharing market intelligence. While the initial
programme concentrated on the US market, which
included a joint Ireland stand at the US Fancy Food
Fair, the programme has now been extended to
include the UK and Ireland market.
The Marketing Participation Programme (MPP) offers
aid to companies manufacturing and marketing other
food and drink products such as drinks and
confectionery.
Consumer Foods Development
The expansion of the Consumer Foods, Beverages
and Ingredients Division of Bord Bia has enhanced
our capability to deliver timely, specific services to
client companies. The division’s additional resources
have been dedicated to working with companies in
the important UK market and to the development of
opportunities in Continental Europe. The division is
involved with a wide range of companies and sectors.
This years expansion and re-organisation resulted in
a significant increase in client contact and the launch
of a number of new initiatives. Highlights included the
Brand Programme, the Spirit of Ireland promotion in
the USA, the creation of a Chocolate Association and
a newly formatted Consumer Foods and Ingredients
Industry day.
12 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Beef
Irish export beef production was marginally ahead of
2000 levels. Nevertheless, Irish beef exports, at €900
million in 2001, represented a decline of almost 40
per cent on 2000 levels. This was due to a fall in the
volume of exports of 34 per cent (to 340,000 tonnes)
primarily following the closure of a number of key
international markets for EU beef exports, while prime
cattle prices were seven per cent lower.
A decline of 13 per cent in heifer supplies was more
than offset by a rise of eight per cent in male cattle
disposals due to lower live exports to International
markets and a move towards younger finishing of
cattle by producers. An estimated 28 per cent of Irish
production was removed through the various market
support schemes introduced by the EU following the
BSE crisis on the Continent towards the end of 2000.
Chief Executive’s
Review
A 65 per cent increase in sales to the UK to 210,000
tonnes resulted in overall Irish beef exports to the EU
increasing by 10 per cent on 2000 levels. However,
reduced beef consumption on the Continent, 13%
below pre-BSE crisis levels, resulted in a decline of
over 40 per cent in Irish exports there. Within this,
Irish exports to Holland held up well, with sales to the
retail sector increasing by close to 10 per cent on
2000 levels with the top four retailers in Holland all
now stocking Irish beef. However, lower sales of bonein beef resulted in overall exports to Holland falling by
over 10 per cent to 25,000 tonnes. Reduced import
requirements in key markets such as France, Italy and
Scandinavia led to a difficult market environment for
Irish beef.
In International Markets, Bord Bia undertook a
number of activities in support of the Department of
Agriculture, Food and Rural Development's efforts to
reopen the Egyptian market. These activities included
participation in Cairo Agro Food, liaisons for key
officials and trade in the Irish embassy, and a Quality
Assurance Seminar. The Egyptian market was
reopened in November to Irish beef.
Bord Bia continued to support the operation of the
Russian Veterinary Service in Ireland on behalf of the
beef and pork sectors contributing to the increase in
Irish beef exports to Russia to 47,000 tonnes (cwe).
This included hosting the first visit of the newly
appointed Russian Chief Veterinary Officer (CVO)
to Ireland.
Beef exports to International Markets were affected
by the decision of most key markets to suspend
purchases of EU beef towards the end of 2000. Most
of these markets have been slow to reverse this
decision although both Russia and more recently Egypt
have re-opened for Irish beef. Overall for the year
export volumes amounted to 55,000 tonnes,
compared to 255,000 tonnes in 2000.
Bord Bia’s activities in the UK during 2001 focused
on increasing sales of Irish beef at retail level and by
the end of the year the top seven retail multiples
were stocking identified Irish beef. In Continental
Europe, the focus of activities was firstly to reassure and secondly to inform customers of the
quality and traceability of Irish beef. This involved
ongoing contact with key customers as well as
liasing with the Irish trade to minimise the impact
of BSE on exports. As consumer confidence
began to recover, Bord Bia worked with the Irish
trade and customers to develop strategies and
initiatives where appropriate, to re-establish sales
of Irish beef. Besides organisation of the
European Meat Forum, this involved
retail promotions in Britain,
Holland, Italy and Belgium.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 13
Exports to Continental EU
markets increased by an
estimated 40 per cent during
2001 to reach 45,000 tonnes.
This increase was mainly due
to the lack of UK product on the
Continent, which led to increased
opportunities for Irish pigmeat.
Germany remains the main market at
20,000 tonnes followed by France and Italy.
Live Cattle
Exports of live cattle were valued at €58 million, a
decline of 71 per cent on year earlier levels. Export
volumes to key markets such as the Continent and the
Lebanon fell by 87 and 81 per cent respectively as the
combined impact of BSE and FMD affected demand
levels. However, live exports to Northern Ireland
increased by over 85 per cent to 50,000 head due to the
continuing strength of sterling and the increased demand
for beef in Britain. Overall live exports amounted to
100,000 head compared to 400,000 head in 2000.
Bord Bia’s programmes, in support of the livestock trade
during 2001, focused mainly on keeping Irish exporters
informed on the developments taking place in terms of
demand for live cattle and competitor activity in our key
markets. Bord Bia also assisted Irish exporters to make
contact with potential customers in the marketplace.
Pork and Bacon
Irish pigmeat exports increased in value to €330 million
in 2001, up 18 per cent on 2000 levels - helped by both
an increase in volume of four per cent and a rise of 14
per cent in prices.
The UK remains the main export market for Irish pigmeat
accounting for over 50 per cent of the total at 65,000
tonnes. Export volumes were affected by the lower import
requirement in the UK for much of 2001 due to the FMD
restrictions placed on UK pigmeat exports.
14 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
The main focus of Bord Bia activities, in the UK, was on
building relationships at trade level to increase awareness
of the availability of Quality Assurance Scheme pigmeat
from Ireland. This was achieved through meetings with
individual buyers and also through trade advertising.
On the domestic market, Bord Bia continued to
promote quality assured pigmeat through TV, radio and
print media. Point of sale material was developed in
conjunction with these campaigns to inform consumers
of the versatility and quality of Irish pigmeat.
In Continental EU, in line with the significant rapid
expansion in business, Bord Bia’s activity focus was
to further develop relationships with existing and new
customers.
Irish exports to International markets were affected by the
decision of a number of key markets such as Japan and
the United States to ban EU pigmeat following the outbreak
of FMD in a number of EU countries. While the Russian
market re-opened in June and the US market towards the
end of the year overall export volumes to International
markets fell by an estimated 50 per cent during 2001.
In International markets, Bord Bia organised a seminar in
Tokyo on the Irish Pork industry as part of a programme,
in conjunction with the Department of Agriculture, to
reopen the market for Irish pork following the outbreak of
FMD in Ireland. A visit by a Japanese inspector was agreed
for early 2002 creating the prospect of the market
reopening in Spring 2002.
Chief Executive’s
Review
Lamb
Prepared Consumer Foods
The value of Irish sheepmeat exports increased by
over 41 per cent in 2001 to an estimated €260
million, due to a corresponding rise in producer prices
arising from the suspension of UK sheepmeat exports
due to FMD. The volume of sheepmeat exported was
marginally ahead of 2000 levels at 50,000 tonnes.
The dynamic prepared foods sector continued its
upward exporting trend showing an increase of 4.3
per cent in 2001. It now accounts for 26 per cent of
total food and drink exports. The prepared food sector
is characterised by a variety of companies at different
stages of development in the marketplace from entry
to maturity. In 2001, Bord Bia has worked in
partnership with a range of client companies to
facilitate sales growth through the provision of
information, business development and promotion
services.
France remains the principal destination for Irish
sheepmeat exports, accounting for over 80 per cent
of the total at 41,000 tonnes. Exports to the UK and
Germany were lower during 2001 due to the prices
prevailing on the French market, while exports to
Mediterranean markets were lower due to limited
demand in Spain although exports to Portugal
performed strongly.
In France, Bord Bia’s activities included the continued
development of Irish lamb identification in retail outlets
under the “L’Agneau de la St. Jean” label, with a
number of key retailers involved in the campaign.
Other activities involved ongoing trade liaison and
marketing activities with key customers. On the
domestic market, Bord Bia directed lamb promotions
at younger consumers with the focus of our
campaigns being to highlight the flexibility and ease of
use of lamb.
Irish companies continue to trade successfully in the
competitive British market and continue to build their
reputation for supplying high quality consumer foods
under both private and branded labels. Overseas the
newly developed Gap-Analysis service assisted 17
companies strategically position themselves with
retailers and develop competitive in-store propositions
during 2001. The Gap-Analysis service begins by
comprehensively studying the market place,
segmenting it and identifying relevant “gaps” in a
retailers offering. Irish suppliers can then present
themselves and their products as solutions to a
retailer rather than a “me too” proposition.
Poultry
Irish poultry meat exports in 2001 were
valued at €140 million, which represents
a decline of just over four per cent on
2000 levels. The main contributing factor
to the decline was a fall off in sales of
frozen poultry meat to the Continent and
to a lesser extent lower exports of chilled
product. However, a strong increase was
recorded in the value of prepared poultry
products during 2001.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 15
FMD, the prices achieved for Irish
products were variable. Product
output also varied considerably
compared to 2000 with an increase in
the production of cheese at 23 per cent,
due to the strong prices during the first nine
months of the year and the general increase
in demand in the UK and European markets.
The development of retail and foodservice business
into Continental European markets remains an
important medium term strategic objective for the
prepared consumer foods sector. Retail projects were
carried out successfully in France and in Holland. A
buyer supplier event in Holland led to listings for four
of the nine companies participating. To underscore the
demand for information on the growing foodservice
sector, forty companies participated on the first
foodservice study visit to France which included
meetings with potential trading partners. Irish
chocolate manufacturers came together in a new
association aimed at facilitating the Irish Chocolate
Industry to work together in areas of common interest.
In addition Irish prepared food companies participated
at a number of sector and channel specific trade
shows including Private Label Manufacturers
Association (PLMA), In-Flight Catering Association
(IFCA) and the Sweet and Confectionery Trade
Exhibition (ISM).
Dairy and Food Ingredients
In circumstances of fluctuating prices, the FMD crisis,
a general weakening of international demand for dairy
products and world economic downturn, Irish dairy
exports were valued at €1.72bn, a 2.1per cent
decrease over the year 2000.
With milk production 2.3 per cent higher compared to
2000, and having suffered little overall effect due to
16 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Casein production increased by 4.3 per cent with an
overall weakening of demand in the EU and US,
compounded by US certification difficulties during the
FMD crisis. The increase in both cheese and casein
production resulted in reduced production of milk
powders and butter. Skimmed Milk Powder (SMP)
suffered from a combination of FMD related milk
supply concerns, including cross border restrictions of
raw milk, a weakening of the US dollar and a reduction
in export refunds, all of which contributed to a
decrease in output of 14.8 per cent. Butter also saw
periods of fluctuating prices, with an estimated
decrease in production for 2001 of around 6.6 per
cent, while Whole Milk Powder (WMP) experienced only
a marginal decrease. The production and sales activity
of the various dairy product sectors will continue to be
affected by the world economic situation, intervention
support, stock levels and world market prices are
expected to remain weak at least for the early part of
2002.
The dairy industry was very active in their participation
on a variety of Bord Bia initiatives throughout 2001.
The largest co-ordinated Irish dairy participation ever
was present at Anuga in Cologne. Dairy companies
also participated at a sector specific level looking at
opportunities in general foodservice or more
specifically inflight catering. Six leading ingredient
companies participated on Bord Bia’s co-ordinated
Ireland stand at FIE (Food Ingredients Europe) in
London in November. Irish participation was supported
by the newly launched trade marketing campaign and
a buyer reception, which was attended by 90 guests.
Chief Executive’s
Review
Beverages
Irish beverage products continued to show growth
in 2001 in export markets especially in the whiskey,
cream liqueur and soft drinks sectors, despite
adverse affects in the last quarter on duty free
sales post September 11. In terms of value, the
sector reported an increase of +1% over 2000, with
exports amounting to €880 million. The cream liqueur
sector demonstrated growth in excess of 15 per cent.
This important sector is expected to grow further in
the medium term on foot of expansion plans from key
industry players. Irish whiskey exports also continued
their upward growth trend with a sales increase of
over 12 per cent. In terms of white spirits, vodka
remains the world’s most popular spirit and Irish vodka
is now increasing its awareness and distribution in key
markets with innovative products and packaging
concepts.
organised to highlight Ireland as a source of quality
drinks products and identify opportunities for Irish
companies to develop new business.
A new joint marketing initiative was launched in 2001
targeting increased sales to Florida. Five Irish drinks
companies joined together under the Spirit of Ireland
banner to increase sales and awareness through a
series of retail promotions and participation at local
trade shows. Point of sale material and a merchandise
unit was developed for use during this promotion.
Speciality Food and Small Business
Bord Bia increased its services for small food and
drink businesses throughout 2001, aiming to facilitate
companies gain ground. The focus for small business
was primarily with the Irish and English markets but
also with some activity in Continental Europe and
the USA.
Spirit based ready to drink products continue to drive
growth in world markets with new ranges of innovative
flavours and concepts backed by international brands.
Additional launches in this area are likely to keep the
sector vibrant and increase consumer interest.
During 2001, Bord Bia organised programmes for the
sector including participation at key international
trade fairs in the UK, France, and the USA including Vinexpo, Bordeaux; Wine & Spirit
Wholesalers of America (WSWA);
London International Wine &
Spirits Show. Market study
visits and business
development programmes
in the USA and Italy were
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 17
Chief Executive’s
Review
Deli Futures, a trade development service for small
food and drink firms in Ireland, was successfully
launched and included countrywide retail account
briefings with the main retail trade accounts. This
proved effective in assisting over 85 small food and
drink firms to gain access to the required information
to develop their business with accounts which make
up to 60% combined purchasing power in grocery
food in Ireland.
seminar and new speciality food product seminars.
These took place in conjunction with the Fancy Food
Show. A business and marketing tour of the top delis
and food halls of New York were also included.
The HIP (Highly Individual Products) Food Store
built for Deli Futures allowed over 40 buying
representatives to browse and taste new products
from 85 speciality food firms. The HIP Food Store was
opened to the public at the e-Ireland exhibition at the
RDS.
Edible Horticulture
Bord Bia completed the first international consumer
research study into the market for speciality food in
Ireland, Britain, Continental Europe and the USA.
Bord Bia also organised a market study visit to the
USA including attendance at the e-food strategy
18 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Bord Bia invested in alternative routes to market for
small business and carried out a feasibility study into
the direct sales of speciality food to consumers via the
internet.
Exports of edible horticulture and cereal products
reported growth of 10.4% in 2001. Fresh mushrooms
are still the most important and dominant product in
this market sector and Irish mushroom companies
continued to play a major role in supplying fresh
mushrooms to the UK retail market and account for
approximately 50 per cent of retail sales.
It was a year of intense price pressure in the UK
retail market for fresh mushrooms and this is set to
continue into 2002. The Irish mushroom industry is
well placed to compete and increase its market share
in the UK going forward through gaining new market
share and increasing share from existing customers.
The continued growth in the convenience food and
ready meals sector is an opportunity for producers
to supply this ever-growing sector of the UK food
industry. This is the fastest growing sector for
washed, sliced and diced mushrooms. Companies
with the necessary technology and structures are well
placed to target this growing sector of the market.
Organisational Change and
Development
The process of organisational change, mapped out
as part of Bord Bia’s strategic vision, continued in
2001. Significant developments took place in relation
to Staff recruitment, Information Technology, People
Performance Management (PPM) and Business
Performance Management (BPM). Above all, we have
continued to develop a working environment, which will
support personal development and a team approach
to the achievement of organisational goals and
strategies. Our focus is to create an environment that
people want to be part of and which supports our
vision of championing the success of this important
indigenous industry.
By year-end the structures and processes for
operation of Business Performance Management
(BPM) and an enhanced People Performance
Management (PPM) system linked to Business
Performance Indicators and Values were in place and
ready for full implementation in 2002. This has been a
highly participative and inclusive process in which
everybody in the organisation has taken part and to
which everybody has been able to contribute.
The procurement and planning processes in relation to
the proposed Enterprise Portal were dealt with by
year-end and the completion and rollout of this project
will be a major organisation “deliverable” for 2002. It
will be a comprehensive information system that will
support Bord Bia’s activities and the information
requirements of the industry. It will, in effect, be the
“information gateway” between Bord Bia and its
clients.
Our focus is the marketplace, where we must
constantly strive to be fully informed about, and
relevant to, current and emerging needs of customers
and consumers, and where we must endeavour to be
“ahead of the game”. Our marketplace network is a
key resource. During 2001 the personnel resources in
our overseas offices were strengthened and
augmented as part of overall organisational
development and realignment. In addition, a USA office
was opened in Chicago in order to support the
substantial and increasing value of Irish exports to this
market. Increased resources were also allocated to
Asian market development reflecting the growth
potential of these markets.
Last year saw a major development in relation to the
execution of our Trade Fairs Programme. Following
research and consultation with client companies a new
design and construction approach was adopted in
order to create the most effective platform for
promoting the Ireland The Food Island brand in the
marketplace.
Underpinning and enabling these activities has been
the recruitment of the additional personnel approved
by the Department for Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development (DAFRD). This recruitment provides the
essential additional resourcing for Bord Bia to achieve
its objectives and to deliver maximum client and
stakeholder value. It is also part of the process of
refining Bord Bia’s activities to ensure the organisation
continues to develop to meet the evolving needs of a
dynamic Irish food and drinks industry while also
delivering value for money.
Our objective is to have an environment where
personal and organisational development go hand in
hand and where innovation, excellence and value for
money are our hallmarks.
Michael Duffy
Chief Executive
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 19
Corporate
Statement
Statement of Board Responsibilities
Section 21 of An Bord Bia Act 1994 requires the Board to "keep in such form and in respect of such accounting
periods as may be approved by the Minister, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, all proper and usual
accounts of monies received or expended by it, including an Income and Expenditure Account, a Cash Flow
Statement and a Balance Sheet, and, in particular, shall keep in such form as aforesaid all such special accounts
as the Minister may, or at the request of the Minister for Finance shall, from time to time direct and the Board
shall ensure that separate accounts shall be kept and presented to the Board by any Subsidiary Board that may
be established by the Board under this Act and these accounts shall be incorporated in the general statement of
account of the Board." The books of account are held at the Board’s headquarters at Clanwilliam Court, Lower
Mount Street, Dublin 2.
In preparing these financial statements the Board is required to:
1.
Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently
2.
Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent
3.
Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the
Board will continue in operation
4.
State whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures
disclosed and explained in the financial statements.
The Board has overall responsibility for the organisation’s system of internal controls and has delegated
responsibility for implementation of this to Executive Management. This system can provide only reasonable and
not absolute assurance against material error. It includes financial controls, which enable the Board to meet its
responsibilities for the integrity and accuracy of the organisation’s accounting records, and which disclose, with
reasonable accuracy at any time, the financial position of Bord Bia. In addition, the Board’s system of internal
controls is designed to provide reasonable assurance that transactions are executed in accordance with Board
policy and management authorisation and within statutory parameters and guidelines. The Board is also
responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention
and detection of fraud or other irregularities. The effectiveness of the system of internal financial control is kept
under continuous review.
There is an Audit Committee of the Board to which the internal auditor and the external auditor have full and
unrestricted access.
Corporate Governance
The Board is committed to maintaining the highest standards of corporate governance and best practice. It has
adopted the Code of Practice for the Governance of State Bodies (2001). The Secretary is responsible to the
Board for ensuring that procedures are implemented and that relevant legislation, regulations and guidelines are
complied with.
Ethics in Public Office Acts
The provisions of the Ethics in Public Office Act 1995 are being implemented in Bord Bia. In addition, the
requirements of the Standards in Public Office Act 2001, effective from December 2001, have been noted and
the provisions of this Act in relation to Bord Bia are being implemented.
20 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Corporate
Statement
Equality
Bord Bia is committed to ensuring equality of opportunity and its personnel and staff development programmes are
geared towards this objective. Bord Bia is also committed to the implementation of Government policy in relation to
the employment of disabled people in the public sector.
There is a policy on sexual harassment in operation to support and protect the dignity of each person.
Safety, Health and Welfare at Work
Bord Bia is committed to implementing the provisions of the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act 1989, including
the preparation and operation of a Safety Statement embracing all matters affecting safety, health and welfare of
staff and visitors to Bord Bia’s premises.
Implementation of State Policy on Extending Bilingualism in the Public Sector
Bord Bia is committed to making every effort possible to implement the Guidelines for Action Programmes in the
State Sector in relation to the use of Irish.
Philip Lynch
Chairman
Michael Duffy
Chief Executive
Prompt Payment of Accounts
Bord Bia is included as a listed purchaser of goods in the schedule to the Prompt Payment of Accounts Act, 1997.
Since 2 January 1998 the Act has come into operation and Bord Bia has complied with the provisions of the Act. In
accordance with the Act and the guidelines issued by the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment, the
following information is provided.
Procedures established to ensure compliance with the Act
Bord Bia has procedures in place to ensure that all invoices received are paid within the time limits specified on the
invoices or the statutory time limit if no period is specified. While the procedures are designed to ensure compliance
with the Act, they can only provide reasonable and not absolute assurance against material non-compliance with the
Act. These procedures operated in the financial period under review and in the case of late payments, the relevant
suppliers were notified and interest was paid to them. In accordance with the Prompt Payment of Accounts Act,
1997, the following information is provided for the financial year ended 31 December 2001.
a)
payment practices
Bord Bia makes payments to suppliers in accordance with the terms stated on the invoices or terms specified
in individual contracts if appropriate. The standard terms are 45 days.
b)
late payments in excess of €317 (IR£250)
The number of invoices in excess of €317 (IR£250) which were paid late was 54 and the average period of
delay was 8 days.
c)
overall percentage of late payments of total payments and total interest paid
The overall percentage of late payments of total payments was 1.0%. The total amount of interest paid with
respect to late payments was €274 (IR£216).
Philip Lynch
Chairman
Joseph O’Sullivan
Board Member
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 21
Board
Membership
As at 31 December, 2001
Chairman
Chief Executive
Secretary
Mr Philip Lynch
Chief Executive, IAWS Group
Mr Michael Duffy
Mr Seamus Kenny
Members
Mr Dan Browne
Managing Director, Dawn Meats, Grannagh,
Waterford
Dr Noel Cawley
Managing Director, The Irish Dairy Board
Mr Michael Dowling
Company Director, Visiting Professor, UCC
and Head of Agri Strategy, AIB
Mr Tom Parlon
Ex President, Irish Farmers’ Association (IFA)
Ms Mary White
Joint Managing Director, Lir Chocolates Ltd.
Ms Sara White
Deputy Secretary General, Department of the Marine
& Natural Resources
Changes during 2001
Mr John Duggan
Director, Glanbia
Mr Michael Kilcoyne
Chairman, Consumers’ Association of Ireland
Mr Denis Lucey
Chief Executive, Dairygold Co-Operative Society Ltd.
Ms Margo Monaghan
Principal Officer, Department of Enterprise, Trade &
Employment
Ms Maura Nolan
Head of Food Division, Department of Agriculture,
Food and Rural Development
Mr William O’Kane
Managing Director, O’Kane Poultry Ltd.
Mr Pat O’Rourke
President, Irish Creamery Milk Suppliers’ Association
(ICMSA)
Mr Joseph O’Sullivan
Chief Executive, Drinagh Co-Operative Society Ltd.
22 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Term Expired 15 November, 2001
Mr Philip Lynch (re-appointed 16 November)
Meat & Livestock
Subsidiary Board
As at 31 December, 2001
Chairman
Changes during 2001:
Mr Denis Lucey
Chief Executive, Dairygold Co-Operative Society Ltd.
Term Expired 4 June, 2001
Mr Paul Clarke (re-appointed 13 August)
Members
Mr Michael Behan
Managing Director, Fair Oak Foods & Chairman IMA
Dr Pat Mulvehill (re-appointed 30 July)
Mr Tom McAndrew
Managing Director, Eurowest Foods
Mr Sean Buckley
President, Associated Craft Butchers of Ireland
Resigned 16 June, 2001
Mr Paul Clarke
National Executive of the Livestock Trade
Mr Liam McGreal
Director, Dunnes Stores
Mr Frank Corcoran
Chairman, National Sheep Committee, IFA
Appointed 30 July, 2001
Mr Michael Behan
Mr Derek Deane
Chairman, National Livestock Committee, IFA
Mr Alan Graham
IFA Poultry Committee
Mr John Madden
Chief Executive, Glanbia Meats
Mr Tom McParland
Resigned 13 September, 2001
Mr Eddie Keane
IFA
Term Expired 24 October, 2001
Dr Pat Mulvehill
Director General, Irish Poultry Processors’
Association
Ms Brid O’Connor (re-appointed 11 November)
Appointed 23 November, 2001
Mr Tom McParland
Managing Director, Kildare Chilling Ltd.
Mr Alan Graham
Mr Jimmy O’Brien
Chairman, National Pigs & Pigmeat Committee, IFA
Ms Brid O’Connor
Assistant Director, Office of the Director of Consumer
Affairs
Mr Nicholas Ryan
National Council, Irish Creamery Milk Suppliers’
Association (ICMSA)
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 23
Consumer Foods
Subsidiary Board
As at 31 December, 2001
Chairman
Changes during 2001:
Mr Michael Dowling
Company Director, Visiting Professor, UCC
and Head of Agri Strategy, AIB
Resigned 27 February, 2001
Ms Celine Murrin
Consumers’ Association of Ireland
Members
Ms Darina Allen
Ballymaloe Cookery School
Mr Pat Doyle
Managing Director, Rye Valley Foods Ltd.
Ms Dorothy Gallagher
Vice-Chairman, Consumers’ Association of Ireland
Term Expired 10 March, 2001
Mr Brendan Smyth
Glanbia
Appointed 17 May, 2001
Ms Dorothy Gallagher
Mr Tom Harrington
Mr Pat Given
Ex-UDV Operations Ireland
Ms Eilis Gough
Managing Director, Mileeven Fine Foods
Term Expired 14 July, 2001
Ms Darina Allen (re-appointed 30 July)
Mr Pat Given (re-appointed 30 July)
Mr Tom Harrington
Arabawn Co-Op., Nenagh
Mr Con Lucey
Marketing Director, Cheese & Spreads,
Golden Vale plc.
Mr Larry Murrin
Managing Director, Dawn Farm Foods
Ms Maura O’Donovan
Poultry Instructress
Mr Joe O’Flynn
Marketing Development Director, Irish Dairy Board
Ms Gina Quin
Chief Executive, Dublin Chamber of Commerce
Mr Paddy Walsh
Director, Walsh Family Foods
24 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Ms Maura O’Donovan (re-appointed 30 July)
Quality Assurance
Subsidiary Board
As at 31 December, 2001
Chairman
Changes during 2001:
Mr John Duggan
Director, Glanbia
Appointed 29 January, 2001
Mr John Duggan (Chairman)
Members
Professor Joe Buckley
Lecturer in Food Science and Technology, UCC
Mr Kevin Cassidy
Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural
Development
Dr Jim O’Grady
Mr Pat O’Rourke
Appointed 17 May, 2001
Mr Brendan Smyth
Mr John Cunningham
General Manager, Dairygold Meats
Mr Derek Deane
Chairman, National Livestock Committee, IFA
Mr Dermott Jewell
Chief Executive, Consumers’ Association of Ireland
Mr Paul Nolan
General Manager, Dawn Meats, Grannagh, Waterford
Ms Brid O’Connor
Assistant Director, Office of the Director of Consumer
Affairs
Dr Jim O’Grady
Consultant
Mr Pat O’Rourke
President, ICMSA
Mr Eamon Quinn
Marketing Director, Superquinn
Mr Brendan Smyth
Glanbia
Dr Patrick Wall
Chief Executive, Food Safety Authority of Ireland
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 25
Organisation Structure
as at 30 June, 2002
Russia
A.Barinova
Director
International Markets
O.Brooks
North America
J.O’Donnell
Asia
Manager Meat
F.Murray
G.Brickley
Middle East
& Africa
Manager Quality
O.Brooks
J.Keane
Director Operations
A.Cotter
European/Home
Markets
Madrid Office
C.Ruiz
Manager
Information Services
Chief Executive
Michael Duffy
J.Smith
Dusseldorf Office
L.O’Riordan
Manager
Marketing Finance
J.Bracken
Manager Promotions
& Exhibitions
L.Williams
Director
Client Services
London Office
M.Murphy
Milan Office
P.McSweeney
Small Business
M.Kennedy
M.Kennedy
Paris Office
J.O’Toole
Secretary/Director
CEEC Markets
S.Kenny
M.Kennedy
Home Market
G.O’Sullivan
Financial Controller
G.Bailey
Director Consumer
Foods & Marketing
Manager Consumer
Foods Ingredients
J.McGrath
T.McCarthy
Manager
International Media
M.Bracken
26 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
The Organisation
Board
Quality
Assurance Board
Meat & Livestock
Board
Consumer
Foods Board
Board
Committees
Client Services
Marketing
& Communications
Chief Executive
Administration
Operations
The organisation structure of Bord Bia is comprised of the Board, three Subsidiary
Boards, the Chief Executive and the Executive, which provide the range of operational
and corporate services required to implement Board policy and programmes.
The Board is comprised of a Chairman and 14 ordinary members appointed by the
Minister for Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. There are three Subsidiary Boards
(Meat & Livestock, Consumer Foods and Quality Assurance) comprised of a Chairman
and 12 ordinary members, who are appointed by the Board with the consent of the
Minister. The Chairman of each Subsidiary Board is a member of the Board.
The following Board Committees are in place: Audit Committee, Evaluation Committee,
Remuneration and Pensions Committee and Strategy Committee. The Executive is
comprised of staff based in the Board’s head office and overseas.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 27
Report of the
Comptroller and Auditor General
I have audited the financial statements on pages 29 to 40 under Section 21 of An Bord Bia Act, 1994.
Respective Responsibilities of the Board and the Comptroller and Auditor General
The accounting responsibilities of the Board are set out in the Board’s Corporate Statement on pages 20 to 21.
It is my responsibility, based on my audit, to form an independent opinion on the financial statements presented
to me by the Board and to report on them.
Basis of Audit Opinion
In the exercise of my function as Comptroller and Auditor General, I conducted my audit of the financial
statements in accordance with auditing standards issued by the Auditing Practices Board and by reference to the
special considerations which attach to State bodies in relation to their management and operation.
An audit includes examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. It also includes an assessment of the significant estimates and judgments made in
preparation of the financial statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Board’s
circumstances, consistently applied and adequately disclosed.
I planned and performed my audit so as to obtain all the information and explanations that I considered necessary
to provide me with sufficient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from
material misstatement whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or error. In forming my opinion I also
evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the financial statements.
Opinion
In my opinion, proper books of account have been kept by the Board and the financial statements, which are in
agreement with them, give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of An Bord Bia – The Irish Food Board at 31
December 2001 and of its income and expenditure and cash flow for the year then ended.
John Purcell
Comptroller and Auditor General
28 August 2002
28 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Statement of
Accounting Policies
(a) Basis of accounting:
These financial statements are prepared under the accruals method of accounting, except as indicated
below, and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles under the historical cost
convention. Financial Reporting Standards recommended by the accountancy bodies are adopted as they
become operative. The unit of currency is the Euro. Comparative figures for 2001 and 2000 are displayed
in Irish Pounds.
(b) Keeping of accounts:
Subsidiary Boards:
Under the terms of the An Bord Bia Act, 1994, the Board is assisted by three Subsidiary Boards in respect
of Meat and Livestock, Consumer Foods and Ingredients, and Quality Assurance. All income and expenditure
relating to these Subsidiary Boards is reflected in these financial statements.
Subsidiary Company:
The Board operates a wholly-owned subsidiary company which does not trade. Due to the nature of the
company, it is not considered appropriate to prepare consolidated financial statements.
(c) Income:
Income shown in the financial statements under Oireachtas Grant-in-Aid represents the actual receipts from
this source in the period.
Income from EU Structural Funds and the EU Quality Beef Promotion Fund is released to revenue in line with
related expenditure and any unexpended balance is included in Creditors.
Income from the Statutory Levy is accounted for on a cash receivable basis.
(d) Fixed Assets and Depreciation:
Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated to write off the
original cost less the estimated residual value of tangible assets on a straight line basis at the following
annual rates:
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and fittings
Office equipment
Computer equipment
Motor vehicles
10%
12.5%
20%
331/3%
20%
(e) Marketing Finance:
Expenditure was incurred on the Targeted Marketing Consultancy (TMC) Programme in previous years.
Under the terms of the programme, a proportion of the expenditure is recoverable over a 24 to 60 month
period by way of a royalty based on sales achieved by this expenditure. Income arising under the TMC
Programme from amounts reimbursed is accounted for on the basis of cash receipts.
(f) Superannuation:
Superannuation costs are funded over the employee’s period of service by way of contributions to a fund
managed by trustees. The Board’s annual contributions are based on actuarial advice and are charged to
the income and expenditure account in the period to which they relate.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 29
Statement of
Accounting Policies
(g) Leasing:
The rentals under operating leases are dealt with in the financial statements as they fall due.
Tangible assets acquired under finance leases are capitalised and depreciated as set out in note (d) above.
(h) Tangible assets:
Tangible assets are financed out of revenue. Provision is made in the income and expenditure account for a
transfer to the capital account of amounts allocated for such capital purposes less credits to revenue over
the life of the related assets.
(i) Stocks:
Stocks of stationery are stated at cost.
(j) Provision for bad and doubtful debts:
Known bad debts are written off and specific provision is made for any amounts the collection of which is
considered doubtful.
(k) Foreign currencies:
Foreign currency balances are translated at the rates ruling at the balance sheet date.
(l) Taxation:
Provision has been made in respect of all VAT liabilities and the PRSI contributions of Irish employees
attached to overseas offices.
30 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Income and Expenditure Account
year ended 31 December 2001
2001
2000
2001
2000
Notes
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
1a
17,013
12,858
13,399
10,126
41
551
32
434
Income
Oireachtas Grant-in-Aid
EU Quality Beef Promotion Fund
EU Structural Funds
1,228
967
Statutory Levy
1b
5,777
5,936
4,550
4,675
Project and Other Income
1c
2,546
2,429
2,005
1,913
25,377
23,002
19,986
18,115
22
113
17
89
25,399
23,115
20,003
18,204
Transfer from Capital Account
2
Total Income
Expenditure
Marketing and Promotional Expenditure
3
15,584
15,001
12,273
11,814
Marketing Finance
4
1,116
514
879
405
Operating Expenditure
5
9,004
7,226
7,091
5,691
25,704
22,741
20,243
17,910
Total Expenditure
(Deficit)/Surplus for Year
Balance at 1 January
Balance at 31 December
(305)
374
(240)
294
398
24
313
19
93
398
73
313
The Board has no gains or losses in the financial year or the preceding financial year other than those dealt with
in the Income and Expenditure Account. The results for the year relate to continuing operations. The Statement of
Accounting Policies and Notes 1 to 16 form part of these financial statements.
Philip Lynch
Chairman
Michael Duffy
Chief Executive
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 31
Balance Sheet
as at 31 December 2001
2001
2000
2001
2000
Notes
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
Tangible Assets
6
920
942
725
742
Financial Assets
7
8
8
6
6
928
950
731
748
4
6
4
5
2,039
2,182
1,606
1,718
111
505
87
398
2,154
2,693
1,697
2,121
2,069
2,303
1,630
1,814
85
390
67
307
1,013
1,340
798
1,055
920
942
725
742
93
398
73
313
1,013
1,340
798
1,055
Fixed Assets
Current Assets
Stocks
Debtors
8
Cash at bank and in hand
Creditors
(amounts falling due within one year)
9
Net Current Assets
Total Assets less Current Liabilities
Financed by
Capital and reserves
Capital account
2
Income and expenditure account
The Statement of Accounting Policies and Notes 1 to 16 form part of these financial statements.
Philip Lynch
Chairman
32 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Michael Duffy
Chief Executive
Cashflow Statement
year ended 31 December 2001
2001
2000
2001
2000
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
Reconciliation of Deficit to Net Cash Outflow
from Operating Activities:
(Deficit)/Surplus for year
(305)
374
(240)
294
Net interest receivable
(95)
(72)
(75)
(57)
Depreciation
301
323
236
Capital account transfer
(22)
(113)
(17)
Loss on disposal of tangible fixed assets
Decrease in debtors
Decrease in stock
Decrease in trade creditors
(89)
5
5
5
4
143
162
112
128
2
1
1
1
(100)
Increase in taxation and PRSI
254
80
(620)
6
(79)
63
(488)
5
(Decrease)/increase in accruals and deferred income
(214)
531
(168)
418
Net cash (outflow)/inflow from operating activities
(205)
597
(162)
470
(205)
597
(162)
470
CASHFLOW STATEMENT
Net cash (outflow)/inflow from operating activities
Returns on investment and servicing of finance:
Bank interest received
95
72
75
57
(110)
669
(87)
527
Payments to acquire tangible assets
(284)
(215)
(224)
(169)
(Decrease)/increase in cash
(394)
454
(311)
358
(394)
454
(311)
358
Net funds at 1 January
505
51
398
40
Net funds at 31 December
111
505
87
398
Net current (outflow)/inflow of funds
Capital expenditure:
Reconciliation of net cash flow to
movement in net funds:
(Decrease)/increase in cash
The Statement of Accounting Policies and Notes 1 to 16 form part of these financial statements.
Philip Lynch
Chairman
Michael Duffy
Chief Executive
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 33
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
1. Income
(a)
Included in Oireachtas Grant in Aid is €6,537,000 (IR£5,148,000) which has been made available to
An Bord Bia under the Marketing Sub-Programme of the Productive Sector Operational Programme of
the National Development Plan 2000-2006
(b)
The An Bord Bia Act, 1994, provides for payment to the Board of a levy per head on slaughtered or
exported livestock. Under section 37 of the Act, the rates were set at IR£1.50 per head for cattle,
20p per head for sheep and 20p per head for pigs.
(c)
Project and other income includes industry contributions to joint promotions, steak bar sales at trade
fairs, and seminar and conference fees. Also included is income arising under the Targeted Marketing
Consultancy (TMC) Programme.
2. Capital account
2001
€’000
Balance at 1 January 2001
€’000
IR£’000
942
Amount capitalised in respect of
purchased tangible assets
284
IR£’000
742
224
Net amount realised on disposal of assets
(5)
(5)
Amortisation in line with asset depreciation
(301)
(236)
Net transfer to Income and Expenditure Account
(22)
(17)
Balance at 31 December 2001
920
725
3. Marketing and Promotional Expenditure
2001
2000
2001
2000
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
Marketing Development Programmes
5,717
7,231
4,502
5,695
Trade Fairs and Exhibitions
3,275
2,984
2,579
2,350
Information Services
1,396
1,235
1,099
973
634
451
499
355
3,397
1,543
2,676
1,215
Quality Assurance
Trade Services
Strategic Marketing Programme
117
92
Marketing Services
390
349
307
275
Communications
298
427
235
336
Nutritional Advisory Services
477
664
376
523
15,584
15,001
12,273
11,814
34 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
4. Marketing Finance
2001
2000
2001
2000
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
Marketing Improvement Assistance Programme
410
514
323
405
Market Participation Programme
706
-
556
-
1,116
514
879
405
283
190
223
150
Staff costs
4,723
3,888
3,720
3,062
Rent, rates and insurance
1,216
865
958
681
5. Operating expenditure
Board and Sub-Board Members’ fees and expenses
Telecommunications costs
General business expenses
Audit fee
Depreciation (Note 6)
Loss on disposal of tangible assets
199
207
156
163
2,265
1,737
1,784
1,368
12
11
9
9
300
323
236
254
6
5
5
4
9,004
7,226
7,091
5,691
Operating expenditure includes the full cost of staff and office expenses in head office departments and in
the overseas offices. Staff costs comprise:
Wages and salaries
3,921
3,214
3,088
2,531
Social insurance costs
256
209
201
165
Pension contributions
546
465
431
366
4,723
3,888
3,720
3,062
The total number of employees (including part-time) at 31 December 2001 was 75 (2000: 68). The cost of
certain part-time employees is included in Marketing and Promotional Expenditure.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 35
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
6. Tangible Fixed Assets
Leasehold
Furniture
improvements and fittings
Computer
Office
Motor
equipment equipment vehicles
Total
€’000
€’000
€’000
€’000
€’000
€’000
800
615
161
741
81
2,398
39
30
90
78
47
284
212
(212)
(1)
(9)
(12)
(32)
(31)
(85)
838
636
451
575
97
2,597
366
415
37
590
48
1,456
84
57
84
57
19
301
228
(228)
(8)
(12)
(31)
(29)
(80)
Cost
At 1 January 2001
Additions in year
Transfers
Disposals
At 31 December 2001
-
Depreciation
At 1 January 2001
Charged in year
Transfers
Disposals
-
At 31 December 2001
450
464
337
388
38
1,677
Net book Amounts
At 31 December 2001
388
172
114
187
59
920
At 31 December 2000
434
200
124
151
33
942
IR£’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
630
484
127
584
64
1,889
30
24
72
61
37
224
167
(167)
IR£’000 IR£’000 IR£’000
Cost
At 1 January 2001
Additions in year
Transfers
Disposals
At 31 December 2001
-
(1)
(7)
(10)
(25)
(24)
(67)
659
501
356
453
77
2,046
288
327
29
465
38
1,147
65
45
66
45
15
236
180
(180)
(6)
(9)
(24)
(23)
(62)
Depreciation
At 1 January 2001
Charged in year
Transfers
Disposals
-
At 31 December 2001
353
366
266
306
30
1,321
Net book Amounts
At 31 December 2001
306
135
90
147
47
725
At 31 December 2000
342
157
98
119
26
742
36 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
7. Financial Fixed Assets
The Irish Food Board (An Bord Bia) France SARL is wholly-owned by An Bord Bia. The company does not
trade. It rents property on behalf of Bord Bia and these costs are fully reflected in these financial
statements.
8. Debtors
2001
2000
2001
2000
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
1,303
697
1,026
549
736
1,485
580
1,169
2,039
2,182
1,606
1,718
Trade creditors
556
656
438
517
Taxation and PRSI (Note 10)
189
109
149
86
1,324
1,538
1,043
1,211
2,069
2,303
1,630
1,814
139
80
110
63
50
29
39
23
189
109
149
86
Amounts falling due within one year:
Debtors
Prepayments and accrued income
9. Creditors
(amounts falling due within one year)
Accruals and deferred income
10. Taxation and PRSI
Taxation and PRSI creditors comprise the following:
Income Tax
P.R.S.I.
An Bord Bia is not liable to corporate taxes in Ireland or in the countries in which it operates because it is a
non-commercial State-sponsored body. It is liable to employer taxes in Ireland and complies with related
withholding, reporting and payment obligations. In some other countries in which it operates, an exemption
from local taxation has been availed of under the governmental services article of the double taxation
agreement. This position is currently under review by Bord Bia which is actively seeking clarification to
determine whether overseas employment taxes arise in any of the jurisdictions where this exemption has
been availed of. The review may result in a liability to taxes in some jurisdictions, but given that this decision
rests with the various jurisdictions in question, there are uncertainties in relation to the amount and timing of
any liabilities, if any. At the balance sheet date it was not possible to make a reliable estimate of these
possible contingent liabilities and, consequently, no provision has been made in the financial statements for
the year ended 31 December 2001.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 37
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
11. Provisions for Liabilities and Charges
At
1 January
2001
Provided/
(Released)
At
during 31 December
year
2001
€’000
€’000
€’000
EU Quality Beef Promotion Fund
196
(196)
-
Value Added Tax
284
127
411
480
(69)
411
IR£’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
EU Quality Beef Promotion Fund
155
(155)
-
Value Added Tax
223
100
323
378
(55)
323
These provisions are included within Debtors and Creditors respectively.
12. Commitments
(a)
Capital Commitments
An Bord Bia had no capital commitments at the year end.
(b)
Financial Incentives
There were no commitments in respect of Marketing Finance Programmes at the year end.
(c)
Operating Leases
Operating leases comprise leases on premises. Leasing commitments payable during the next twelve
months amount to €825,461 (IR£650,103) made up as follows:
€000’s
IR£000’s
Within one year
111
88
Within two to five years
Within six to ten years
661
53
520
42
825
650
Payable on leases on which the commitment expires:
38 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
13. Contingent liabilities
(a)
(b)
Contingent liabilities exist in respect of amounts approved but unclaimed at the year end under the
terms of the following Marketing Finance Programmes operated by An Bord Bia as follows:
2001
2000
2001
2000
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
Marketing Improvement Assistance Programme
211
-
166
-
Market Participation Programme
275
-
217
-
486
-
383
-
Litigation is in process against the Board arising from a dispute in which it is alleged that the former
CBF infringed employment rights and in which the plaintiff is seeking €190,461 (IR£150,000). The
Board are of the opinion that the claim can be successfully resisted. The information usually required
by FRS12 is not disclosed on the grounds that it can be expected to prejudice seriously the outcome
of the litigation.
14. Recoverable Incentives
Under the terms of the Targeted Marketing Consultancy (TMC) Programme, a total of €2,911 (IR£2,293)
was due to be recovered in 2002 and subsequent years from participating companies:
2001
2000
2001
2000
€’000
€’000
IR£’000
IR£’000
Estimated amount recoverable at start of year
3
132
2
104
Repayments during year
-
(129)
-
(102)
Estimated amount recoverable at end of year
3
3
2
2
Recoverable incentives are accounted for on a cash receipts basis and accordingly are not included in
debtors.
Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001 39
Notes Forming Part of the
Financial Statements
year ended 31 December 2001
15. Superannuation
The Board operates a defined benefits superannuation scheme for certain eligible employees, for which
the approval of the Minister for Agriculture and Food and the Minister for Finance has been received. The
contributions of employees and An Bord Bia are paid into a fund managed by the trustees and the total
funding rate is in accordance with actuarial recommendations. A full actuarial valuation was carried out as at
1 January 2001 and updated by a qualified independent actuary to take account of the requirements of FRS
17 in order to assess the liabilities at the balance sheet date. Scheme assets are stated at their market
value at the balance sheet date.
The financial assumptions used to calculate the retirement liabilities under FRS 17 were as follows:
At 31 December 2001
General salary increases
4.0%
Promotional salary increases
0.5%
Rate of increase of pensions in payment
4.0%
Discount rate
6.0%
Inflation assumption
2.5%
The assets in the scheme and the expected rate of return were:
Long-term rate of return
expected at 31 Dec 01
Value at 31 Dec 2001
€’000
IR£’000
Equities
8.0%
6,062
4,774
Bonds
5.5%
1,677
1,321
Other
7.0%
860
677
Total market value of assets
8,599
6,772
Present value of scheme liabilities
8,883
6,996
(284)
(224)
Net deficit in pension scheme
16. Board Members - Disclosure of Transactions
In the normal course of business the Board may approve grants and may also enter into other contractual
arrangements with undertakings in which Bord Bia Board Members are employed or otherwise interested.
The Board adopted procedures in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Department of Finance in
relation to the disclosure of interests by Board Members and these procedures have been adhered to by the
Board during the year. Grants totalling €64,122 (IR£50,500) were approved, and grants totalling €32,698
(IR£25,752) were paid during the year to companies with which Board Members are associated. The
Members did not receive Board documentation on the proposed grant assistance nor did the Members
participate in or attend any Board discussion relating to the matter.
40 Annual Report & Financial Statements 2001
Office Network
Ireland Head Office
Düsseldorf
London
Madrid
Clanwilliam Court
Lower Mount Street
Dublin 2, Ireland
Rolandstrasse 44
D40476 Düsseldorf
Germany
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London WC1H 9RA
United Kingdom
Tel: +353 1 668 5155
Fax: +353 1 668 7521
Tel: +49 211 452 090
Fax: +49 211 453 353
Tel: +44 207 833 1251
Fax: +44 207 278 7193
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28046 Madrid, Spain
Tel: +34 91 435 6572
Fax: +34 91 435 6211
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Moscow
Paris
Chicago
Via S. Maria Segreta 6
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Italy
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Moscow 107804
Russia
Tel: +39 02 7200 2065
Fax:+39 02 7200 4062
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Consulate General of Ireland
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Tel: +1 773 871 6749
Fax: +1 773 528 9954
Irish Food Board
Funded by the Irish Government under the
National Development Plan, 2000 to 2006