PCV Valve Flutter:
Vibration Characterization through Pressure and Flow
By
Nicasio Gomez III
Submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the
Degree of
Bachelor of Science
at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MASSACHUSES INSUITUE
OF TECHNOLOGY
L¶
June 2005
._I]
LIBRARIESJUN
0 8 2005
©2005 Nicasio Gomez III
LIBRARIES
The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce
and to distribute publicly paper and electronic
copies of this thesis document in whole or in part.
Signature of Author
....................................
'-- ,'artment
~~~~~~~)
Certifiedby
......(
.
of MechanicalEngineering
May 13, 2005
............
Professor Alexander H. Slocum
Professor of Mechanical Engineering, MacVicar Faculty Fellow
Thesis Supervisor
Accepted by ....................
............................................
Professor Ernest Cravalho
Chairman, Undergraduate Thesis Committee
-nCH1vES
PCV Valve Flutter:
Vibration Characterization through Pressure and Flow
By
Nicasio Gomez III
Submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering
On May 12, 2005 in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract
A Positive Crankcase Ventilation, or PCV, valve is required by internal combustion
engines in order to regulate the flow of blow-by gases out of the crankcase and into the
intake air stream. Fluctuations in the pressure and flow of these gases lead to poor
performance and can be detrimental to engine durability. This thesis addresses a specific
case of PCV valve component vibration, or flutter, which in certain conditions has been
severe enough to be perceived by the customer. Tests monitoring pressure and flow were
performed in a variety of test setups in order to simulate every real-world scenario
possible at the bench level. Data attained was analyzed in order to identify and
characterize any and all patterns in pressure and flow indicative of flutter conditions. The
end result of this thesis is summarized in a recommended test procedure to be followed in
future cases of PCV valve flutter.
Thesis Advisor: Alexander H. Slocum
Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering, MacVicar Faculty Fellow
2
Table of Contents
Abstract ...............................................................................................
2
List of Figures ......
..................................................................................
5
1.0
Introduction.
................................................................................
6
2.0
Background ..................................................................................
6
2.1
Positive Crankcase Ventilation ..................................................
6
2.2
PCV Valve Malfunction ..........................................................
8
3.0
Equipment and Setup ......................................................................
8
3.1
Instrumentation ....................................................................
8
3.2
Experimental Setup ...............................................................
10
3.3
Procedural Design ................................................................
16
4.0
Analysis .....................................................................................
17
4.1
Analysis Tools ...................................................................
17
4.2
Pressure and Flow Plotting .....................................................
17
4.3
Fourier Analysis: Procedure ...................................................
17
4.4
Fourier Analysis: Verification of Procedure
.......................
18
5.0
Testing and Results .......................................................................
24
5.1
Testing Overview ................................................................
24
5.2
Early Testing .....................................................................
24
5.2.1
5.3
5.4
October 1, 2004 .........................................................
5.2.2
October 8, 2004 .........................................................
25
5.2.3
October 13, 2004 ........................................................
28
5.2.4 October 18,2004 ........................................................
Zero-Degree Angle Testing.....................................................
5.3.1 January 4, 2005 .........................................................
31
31
31
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
32
34
36
January 5, 2005 .........................................................
January 7, 2005 .........................................................
January 10, 2005 ........................................................
5.3.5 January 11, 2005 ........................................................
37
5.3.6 January 12, 2005 ........................................................
5.3.7 January 19, 2005 ........................................................
5.3.8 January 20, 2005 ........................................................
45-degree angle testing .........................................................
38
39
40
40
5.4.1 February 4, 2005 ........................................................
5.4.2 February 11, 2005 ......................................................
41
42
5.4.3
5.4.4
43
44
February 14, 2005 ......................................................
February 15, 2005 ......................................................
5.4.5 March 4, 2005 ...........................................................
Nitrogen testing ..................................................................
5.5.1 March 11,2005 .........................................................
Conclusion .................................................................................
Acknowledgements .......................................................................
Bibliography ..............................................................................
5.5
6.0
7.0
8.0
Appendix
1.0
25
: Results .
.
.
... .
.
.
.
......................................................................
52
January 4, 2005 ..................................................................
-3-
45
46
46
47
50
51
52
2.0
3.0
January 5, 2005 ..................................................................
2.1
250 HZ Sampling Rate .................................................
500 HZ Sampling Rate .................................................
2.2
January 7, 2005 ...................................................................
4.0
January 10, 2005 .................................................................
5.0
6.0
January 11, 2005 .................................................................
January 12, 2005 ................................................................
98
110
6.1
6.2
110
121
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
Stock PCV Tube ......................................................
Clear Vinyl Tube ......................................................
56
56
68
80
86
January 19, 2005 ...............................................................
January 20, 2005 ...............................................................
8.1
NoGround ............................................................
8.2
Grounded ..............................................................
February 4, 2005 ...............................................................
February 11, 2005 .............................................................
February 14, 2005 .............................................................
11.1 Round ...................................................................
133
145
145
156
168
180
192
192
11.2Round2 ...................................................................
215
February 15, 2005 .............................................................
227
12.1
Round ................................................................
227
12.2
Round 2 ................................................................
238
13.0
March4, 2005 ..................................................................
250
14.0
15.0
March 11, 2005 ................................................................
March 14, 2005 ................................................................
263
286
Appendix II: Step-by-Step Fourier Analysis .
-4-
...............................................
289
List of Figures
Figure 1...............................................................................................
Figure 2 ................................................................................................
Figure 3 .....
Figure 4 . ....
Figure 5 ..............................................................................................
Figure 6 ..............................................................................................
1................................
1................................
1
Figure 7 ..............................................................................................
13
Figure 8 ..............................................................................................
Figure 9 ..............................................................................................
Figure 10 ............................................................................................
Figure 11 ............................................................................................
14
15
15
20
Figure 12 ............................................................................................
20
Figure 13 .............................................................................................
21
Figure 14 ............................................................................................
22
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
22
23
26
26
26
27
27
27
15 .............................................................................................
16 ............................................................................................
17 ............................................................................................
18 ............................................................................................
19 ............................................................................................
20 ............................................................................................
21 ............................................................................................
22 ............................................................................................
9
9
12
13
Figure 23 ............................................................................................
Figure 24 ............................................................................................
Figure 25 ...........................................................................................
28
28
29
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
29
29
30
30
26
27
28
29
30
31
............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
.............................................................................................
....
....
-5-
3...................................
3...................................
1.0
Introduction
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the flutter issue on the PCV valve used
in 2003 and newer Lincoln LS and Jaguar S-type models. The primary objective of the
study is to find a reliable means by which to identify PCV valve flutter. It is also of
interest to characterize the flutter condition to the fullest extent possible at the bench
level, without an actual vehicle with which to fully simulate road conditions. The results
of the thesis are then to be used in order to develop a standardized procedure to identify
and characterize the flutter condition in every general PCV system setup. The ultimate
goal of this thesis is to develop a procedure that will prevent costs incurred with the
diagnosis of the flutter problem after production begins by circumventing the necessity
for an actual vehicle test to identify conditions for flutter.
2.0
Background
In order to understand the importance of the PCV valve flutter issue, a basic
understanding of the function of the positive crankcase ventilation system is required.
Once the groundwork is laid out, the complications that can arise from PCV system
malfunction are more easily understood.
2.1
Positive Crankcase Ventilation
During normal operation, the combustion of fuel and air produces harmful
gases, as well as water vapor. The majority of these gases escapes the combustion
chamber during the scavenging process.
A fraction of these gases, however, is
forced through crevices such as compression and oil ring gaps, as well as those
resulting from component clearance gaps and gaps arising from engine wear.
Such gases, known as blow-by
gases, escape into the crankcase and have
detrimental effects on engine performance and durability if not properly
ventilated. Insufficient removal of blow-by gases in the crankcase can lead to oil
-6-
contamination. Altered oil properties lead to diminished lubrication properties.
Inadequate blow-by gas regulation can also lead to abnormal crankcase pressure
and flow conditions.
Anomalous pressure and flow conditions lead to the
drawing of oil into the intake stream, disrupting the air/fuel balance and
increasing of emissions. The internal combustion engine therefore requires a
means by which to regulate blow-by gases without upsetting the stoichiometric
air/fuel balance into the engine.
The positive crankcase ventilation system (PCV) is an important
component of the gasoline powered internal combustion engine and the most
important component in the crankcase ventilation system. The PCV valve uses
intake manifold vacuum to regulate the flow of crankcase gases into the intake
stream. The vapors are combined with clean intake air to be combusted along
with the fuel/air mixture entering the combustion chamber. The PCV valve is
designed to limit crankcase gas mixing with the intake mixture during idle, and to
increase gas flow in a specific pattern in reaction to intake manifold vacuum
decrease corresponding to throttle increase. A malfunctioning PCV valve results
in various symptoms and performance problems, ranging in severity from rough
idle to decreased power and fuel efficiency.
Abnormal gas flow rates can also
harm engine performance and durability: insufficient flow leads to excessive
crankcase gas buildup, which leads to oil contamination; excessive flow causes oil
vapor to be introduces to the intake stream, which increases emissions and
decreases power output and perceived performance.
-7 -
2.2
PCV Valve Malfunction
In certain cases, PCV valve
structural defects
and component
manufacturing variability lead to oscillating pressure signal that at higher pressure
and flow rate results in audible noise and, in severe cases, physical vibration.
PCV valve component vibration decreases perceived product quality when
detectable by the customer. Lower perceived product quality can sharply increase
warranty reports and issues, and result in substantial revenue loss for an
automotive company. Recently, Ford Motor Company has encountered PCV
valve flutter, a condition which leads to increased oil consumption, rough idle,
and eventually leads to premature oil sludge and wear.
The more immediate
concern, however, is that the flutter condition leads to an audible rattle detectable
by the customer. Flutter varies in severity from case to case, but the underlying
reason flutter occurs is important to isolate because the condition and its negative
effects often exist without being perceived. Though temporary solutions have
been devised to improve the condition, no permanent, universal solution for
flutter has been designed because the conditions for flutter have not been fully
characterized. Flutter has been noted in various Ford vehicles, but has most
recently become a concern in 2003 and newer model real-wheel drive applications
of the 3.0 liter 24 valve V-6 engine. The affected vehicles are the Lincoln LS and
the Jaguar S-type.
3.0
Equipment and Setup
3.1
Instrumentation
3.1.1
3.1.2
Omega Engineering, Inc. mass flow rate meter: Model #FMA1611, Serial #15705. Shown in Figure 3.
Omega Engineering, Inc. pressure transducer: Model #PX30530VACI. Shown in Figure 2.
-8-
3.1.3 Anver®2-channel vacuum generator. Shown in Figure 3.
3.1.4 Watts Fluidair pressure regulator: Model #R374-02CG, Serial 048
3.1.5
Data Acquisition Card: National Instruments DAQ Card- 6036E
3.1.6 Acer Tablet PC: Travel Mate 100
Figure 1: Mass flow rate meter.
Figure 2: Pressure transducer.
-9-
Figure 3: Vacuum generator.
3.2
Experimental Setup
The primary objective of the thesis is to identify the conditions under
which flutter occurs. As such, the experimental setup was of utmost importance
to the conclusions that are drawn from the experiment. Each test's results dictated
the direction that the following set of experiments took.
experimental
setup was purposely
easy to assemble,
Therefore, the
with interchangeable
components that allowed the re-ordering of the major components.
The principal variant from experiment to experiment was connection type
between instrumentation components and between testing equipment and the PCV
valve.
The three main components in the experimental setup - the pressure
transducer, the mass flow rate meter, and the vacuum generator - were connected
to each other using a variety of hose lengths and non-compliant mechanical
coupling configurations.
connection
of the vacuum
The first several experimental setups varied in
generator,
- 10-
mass flow rate meter,
and pressure
transducer. Initially using only emissions grade hoses to connect all components,
the setup evolved to include non-compliant connection in order to investigate the
degree to which the emissions hosing damped pressure fluctuations. The first
several tests were conducted with experimental setups similar to that in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Typical setup for initial testing, with 3/8 -inch emissions-grade hosing used to connect
major instruments. Setup with stock PCV tube connecting the PCV valve to the pressure transducer
is shown.
Several combinations were tested, culminating in a completely noncompliant test setup that used brass junctions between all components.
The
purpose of this experimental setup was to insure that the instruments interfered
minimally with pressure fluctuation. Figure 5 shows the non-compliant setup.
-11-
Figure 5: Non-compliant connections used among the three primary components of the experimental
setup. Note that this setup uses a pressure regulator to control air supply pressure and flow to the
vacuum generator.
Next, the proximity of the pressure transducer and mass flow rate meter to
the PCV valve was considered. The first several experiments used a stock PCV
tube to connect the pressure transducer to the PCV valve, as previously shown in
Figure 4. Two variations of the stock setup chosen used longer and shorter
versions of the stock PCV tube.
approximately
The former utilized clear vinyl tubing,
6 feet in length, to connect the PCV valve to the pressure
transducer, while the latter used a short semi-hard rubber coupling, approximately
two inches in length, to connect the PCV valve to the pressure transducer. Figure
6 shows the test setup using a long clear vinyl tube. Figure 7 shows the test setup
using a short rubber coupling.
- 12 -
Figure 6: Test setup using long clear vinyl tubing to connect PCV valve to pressure transducer.
Figure 7: Test setup using short rubber coupling to connect PCV valve to pressure transducer.
- 13 -
The method of controlling vacuum level during testing was varied in three
primary ways. The first method of control was a simple gate valve. The gate
valve offered a relatively crude means by which to control flow and system
vacuum. The gate valve was useful for rapid pressurizing and de-pressurizing of
the experimental setup. The gate valve also allowed for the minimal disturbance
of air flow to the vacuum generator.
Figure 8 shows the gate valve used in the
first several test setups.
Figure 8: Gate valve used in first several experiments.
As the experimental setup grew in complexity, the need for more refined
control of the experimental vacuum level became evident. A pressure regulator
more accurately controlled the vacuum level, allowed for fine-tuning and added
another, more accurate pressure gauge to the experimental setup. Figure 9 shows
the pressure regulator used to replace the gate valve as the means by which to
control the experiment.
- 14-
Figure 9: Pressure regulator used to control experimental pressure and flow.
Although the pressure regulator allowed for minor alteration of pressure level in
the experiment, it became immediately evident that the small knob used to operate the
pressure regulator lacked the comfort and operability to smoothly control pressure. A
crank lever, shown in Figure 10, was manufactured and used to replace the knob.
Figure 10: Pressure regulator modified with crank lever, which allowed for smoother control of
pressure and flow.
- 15 -
3.3
Procedural Design
Test procedures used in this thesis were developed using information from
previous testing. As such, the overall experimental strategy used in this thesis is
best viewed in retrospect. The organizational scheme of this thesis is date-based.
The primary functional requirements of this thesis were to incite and characterize
flutter conditions. Major risks that arose in this thesis were difficulty in inciting
flutter consistently, and an inability to distinguish between light flutter and
pressure signal noise. The final counter-measure, and eventual recommendation
to Ford motor company, is to use Fourier analysis methods to isolate flutter in the
pressure signal. The overall strategies, risks, and counter-measures in this thesis
are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1: FRDPARRC sheet reflecting the strategy with which experimental parameters evolved.
Functional
Requirements
Requirements
InciteFlutter
Design Parameters
AnalysisExperimnents
Usepressurecontrol
Blowingexperiments,
mechanism to produce full straight air pressure used
rangeof pressure/flow
conditions
to determineorderof
magnitudeof flutter
References
Risks
Counter-measures
Previous JUROPtesting,
Pressure supply may not
racing engines sourced;
Vacuumreservoirsfor
Forddocumentation
Initial pressure vrs.flow
Use pressure transducer
PreviousUROPtesting.
MonitorPressure
and
and flowratemeterto analysisused to determine Pressurevs.Flowtesting
MassFlowRate
assessconditionsat various if pressure/flow
within forM ad Fordvalves
positions in setup
Control
Smoothly
PressureRise/Fal
Usepressureregulator
specs
Simpletorque lever caics
SSmall
and physicaltestingof
instead of gate valve at
acu gnseratorinteake alever lengthsto find
vacuumgeneratorintake
comfortrange
for Fod
IT ad
vaves
be highenough
Proximityissuesof
pressuretransducerto
PC valve
PCVvalve
higherpressurefacilities
investigated
Connections for flow rate
Concisfrflwat
meter,press.trans.Of
variouslengthsmade,10-
vaouleghmde10
32 PCV valve fitting
Lever may detach from
press-fitpinsadded
Machineshopconsulting regulator;smoothnessmay se prest e se
simple8.01physics,2.009 be hintdered
by humanpretest
exr
smoothcontrol
inaccuracy
(~~~~~~
to cov
tes
Pressure and flow
Various sampling rates
Recordpressure/flow
data,
Pressureand flo
Varioussaplig rates
experiments used with
tested to find compromise
Identify
FlutterConditions recordbehavior;study
exPrevious
UROPtesting fluctuationmaybe too testedtofindcompromise
relationships variousPCVvalvesto
subtlefor Excelanalysis betweendatafilesizeand
relationships
subtle for Excelanalysis
identifyconditionrange
pressuresensitivity
Use stockcomponents
Mountingangle
Geometricanalysis,Ford Pressurefluctuations
Sealingexperiments
of
MirrorEngineConditions (cam cover/PCVtube) to
replicate angle/flow
conditions
determined; simple
pressure/flowrbehavior s.
variousanglestests
Orificetesting;air filter
documentation, internet
-
Pre iousUROPtesting,
EliminatePressureSignal Isolate signal noise sources;
Noise
eliminate i possible
testing; vacuum generator Fourier analysis websites,
testing
- 16-
within cam cover may not
ca coer to test stand
surface to change delta-P;
forengne
rragemnt e
rpliate
abench-level
forenne arrangement be replicatedat bench-lel
possibleroadtest
Exceldocumentation
Noisemaynotbe
Fourieranalysisto validate
removable from
experimental procedure,
experimentsetup
separatenoisefromflutter
4.0
Analysis
4.1
Analysis Tools
The end user of the information found in this thesis is Ford Motor
Company, so an important consideration in choosing analysis tools is the primary
choice of tool used by Ford Motor. The two most common tools that would be
used in the analysis of tab-delimited data would be Excel and Matlab. Given the
universal acceptance and use of Excel in the professional world, however, Excel
was used as the primary analysis tool.
Alternatives, including Apple-native
spreadsheet software, Linux-based software, and Open Office spreadsheet
programs were explored and passed on in favor of Excel.
4.2
Pressure and Flow Plotting
The majority of testing results were explored using plots of pressure
against time and of flow against time.
Pressure plotted against time makes
intuitive sense because in the vibration of a valve that controls the flow of a fluid
medium, one would expect a coinciding fluctuation in pressure. In the case of the
Ford PCV valve, component position inside the valve is controlled by pressure,
and the position of the PCV valve spring and pintle regulates the gas flow level
through the valve. Therefore, flutter should be identifiable through irregularities
in either flow or pressure.
4.3
Fourier Analysis: Procedure
4.3.1
Pressure data must be tab-delimited or in otherwise Excelexecutable form. A number of data points in the pressure data
equal to a multiple of 2 are highlighted.
4.3.2
Under the Tools Menu, Data Analysis is selected.
Fourier
Analysis is then selected from the pop-up menu. Confirm that the
number of selected points is a multiple of 2, and press OK.
- 17-
4.3.3
A column will be created in a new sheet. Name this column "Raw
FFT Output." Create a column next to it named "Frequency." The
maximum
frequency
in this column must be equal to
/2
the
sampling frequency.
4.3.4
Next to the "Frequency" column, create a third column labeled
"IMABS".
Use the IMABS function to convert the raw FFT
output to a set of real numbers. Divide each IMABS corrected
value in this column by
4.3.5
/2
the total number of samples.
Plot IMABS vs. Frequency. That is, plot column C vs. Column B.
Modify plot output as necessary to produce appearance desired.
4.4
Fourier Analysis: Verification of Procedure
The procedure used to analyze pressure data was verified in order to insure
that the amplitudes and frequencies observed in the FFT plots made sense. The
accuracy of the frequency spectrum is important because it determines whether or
not the different frequency vibrations of the PCV and the instrumentation noise
can be filtered and separated. The accuracy of the amplitude is important because
it will quantify the significance of the instrumentation noise with respect to PCV
valve flutter.
In order to confirm the FFT procedure, sine plots of the form in Equation
1 were used.
y(t) = Asin(cot),
(Eq.1)
Where A is the amplitude, and co is the frequency. Equations 2 and 3, each with
a different amplitude and frequency, were analyzed.
y(t) = 5sin(-t)
2;T
- 18 -
(Eq.2)
y(t) = 10sin(5t)
(Eq.3)
A third equation, Equation 4, was analyzed in order to verify that different
frequencies could be extracted from a multiple-frequency plot.
y(t) = 5 sin(-t)
+ 10sin(5t)
(Eq.4)
2ff
In Equation 2, one would expect to find an amplitude of 5 and a frequency
of 0.796, and in Equation 3, one would expect an amplitude of 10, and a
frequency of 5. It should be noted that because of approximations inherent in the
methods by which Excel calculates Fast Fourier Transforms, deviations from
what is expected may be observed.
The values of the amplitude and frequency of each simple sine equation
were then visually confirmed by plotting the functions against time. A simulated
sampling frequency of 250Hz was simulated for Equation 2, and 500Hz was
simulated for Equation 3. Figures 12 and 13 are the respective plots of equations
2 and 3. Important to note in these plots is that the time for one full cycle is
approximately 7.912 for Figure 12, and 1.26 for Figure 13. Thus, a frequency of
0.126 would be expected for Equation 2, and a frequency of approximately 0.794
would be expected for Equation 3.
combination of Equations 2 and 3.
- 19-
Figure 14 is the plot of Equation 4, the
250Hz Sampling Freq. Sine Plot - T-7.912
6
4
2
- o
i <E
-2
-4
-6
Time [Sec]
Figure 11: Plot of Equation 2 with data taken at 250Hz sampling rate.
500Hz Sampling Freq. Sine Plot - T-1.26
I-
10 -
5-I
-AN
!
0=
Q0
E
/I
I
;
I \
\/
\I
1
2
3
I
4
I
/\
63
/
8
-5
-10
-
,
IL
,~
Time [sec]
Figure 12: Plot of Equation 3 with data taken at 500Hz sampling rate.
- 20 -
Eq.1 and Eq.2 Combined - 500Hz Sampling Freq.
...........
/-u
i
15
10
0
5
E
E
I
i
i
-5
-10
-15
on
-Z-u
----
-
-[~~~~~~
i
~----
-
~~Time
-
--
--
[sec]
Figure 13: Plot of Equation 4. Note that qualitatively, the plot appears to be Equation 3 plotted using
the Equation 2 trace as an axis.
Next, FFT analysis was performed on both equations using the general procedure
outlined in Section 4.0. Each plot had to be run through FFT analysis separately because
they had different simulated sampling frequencies. Figures 4 and 5 show the FFT plots
of Equations 2 and 3, respectively. Figure 6 shows the FFT plot of Equation 4.
-21 -
FFT 250Hz
6
5
4
4)
E
0
0
0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95
1
Frequency [Hz] - Interval=fs/N
Figure 14: FFT plot of Equation 2. Note the frequency shown is approximately 0.125.
FFT 500Hz
6
5
0)
n 4
E3
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 15: FFT plot of Equation 3. Note the frequency shown is approximately 0.8.
- 22 -
FFT Plot of Eq.1 and Eq.2
7
6
5
0. 4
E
2
1
0o
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4.5
5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 16: FFT of Equation 4. Note that the two frequencies are those shown for Equations 2 and 3.
- 23 -
5.0
Testing and Results
Prior to the development of testing and documentation procedures for PCV valve
EV-257, several other valves were tested in order to identify information necessary for
the development of such tests. The following section describes the process by which
testing procedures were developed.
5.1
Overview
Table 2: PCV valve test overview.
Date
Results
Description
Early Testing
10/1/2004 Multiple PCV valves tested. Familiarizationwith setup.
10/8/2004 Multiple PCV valves tested. Steady rise/fal in pressure.
10/13/2004 Multiple PCV valves tested, flutter testing 1.
10/18/2004 Multiple PCV valves tested, flutter testing 2.
Zero-Degree Testing
14/2005 EV-1 57 flutter testing commences. Random pressures attempted.
1/5/2005 Scan frequency tested. Valves permenany assigned letters.
1/7/2005 Orifice tube and filter tests to isolate sigWalnoise.
1/10/2005 Valve cover, clear vinyml
hose and stock tube tested/compared.
1/11/2005 Non-compliant pressure transducer/flow rate meter connection
1/12/2005 Clear vinyl tube and stock PCV tube added to setup.
1/19/2005 PCV valve connected to pressure transducer with hard rubber coupling
1/20/2005 Grounded vs. Ungrounded setup to investiage if noise was short-circuit.
45-degree Angle Testing
2/4/2005 45-degree angle test setup, 4 bolts used to secure cover, 700Hz frequency
2/11/2005 45-degree angle test setup, 1/4 inch cam cover clearance, 700Hz frequen
2/14/2005 45-degree angle test, 10-32 fitting used to connect pressure transducer
2/15/2005 45degree angle test, 10-32 fitting, 500Hz and 1000Hz samplingrate
3/4/2005 Multi-channel vacuum generator tests, reverse PCV flow tests
Nitrogen Testing
3/11/2005 Nitrogen testing to test compressed air supply noise
5.2
Complete - no data.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Instrument error.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test Complete.
Test
Test
Test
Test
Test
Complete.
Complete.
Complete.
Complete.
Conmplete.
Test Complete.
Early Testing
The earliest phase of this thesis began with the testing of a myriad of PCV
valves in order to identify and characterize the common features of general
pressure and flow behavior across model lines and manufacturers. The purpose of
these tests was to produce assumptions that could be made about general PCV
valve behavior in order to establish a base from which to be able to identify
erratic behavior. Valves tested were Ford PCV valves EV-111, EV-118, EV-152,
and EV-229, as well as a Dodge PCV valve, a Toyota PCV valve, and a Ford
- 24 -
PCV valve with a heater attachment, which was tested without the heater for the
purposes of flow and pressure characterization only.
The general testing
procedure involved various rises and falls in pressure attempted in order to
stimulate flutter. Four tests were run during October 2004.
Testing results show the general pressure and flow trends observed in
early PCV valve tests. Physical valve behavior was not monitored during these
tests because of the test objectives.
The following procedures and results
qualitatively show the efforts made to incite flutter.
5.2.1 October 1, 2004
The testing procedure in its earliest stages consisted of attempts to
reproduce flutter, of any kind, at the bench level. Flutter capability was unknown
for all valves tested'. For this series of tests, pressure was raised and lowered in
random patterns in an attempt to incite flutter. Data was not recorded reliably on
this date because testing was meant to be purely qualitative. Results only reported
whether or not flutter was produced in each valve, with no consideration of the
degree to which each valve fluttered or the conditions under which each valve
fluttered. Testing was conducted at room temperature with a 102 In. Hg. air
supply line used to drive a 2-channel vacuum generator.
5.2.2 October 8, 2004
The two primary objectives of this set of tests were to attempt to identify a
common pressure at which valves that fluttered experienced such fluctuations,
and to investigate whether or not the flutter state was sustainable. The intended
test procedure was to have a series of short rises and falls in pressure, and a series
Note: EV-257, the PCV valve which is at this point known to flutter in the Lincoln LS and Jaguar S-type
applications, is not included in preliminary testing.
- 25 -
of rises and falls in pressure over a longer period of time. In certain cases of
exceptionally clear flutter, pressure was maintained at the flutter point in hopes
that conditions during the fluttering state would be differentiable from other
conditions, both static and dynamic. Testing was conducted at 500HZ sampling
rate. Figures 17 through 23 show the test results.
-___ -"I
~~ ~~
PCVValveEV-111
II
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
12001
9001
15001
18001
21001
Time[11500ee]
I
Pressure [In.Hg.]
F.w-F C-
Figure 17: PCV valve EV-111 testing results, consisting of gradual and impulse pressure rise/fall.
Figure 18: PCV valve EV-118 testing results.
PCVValveEV-152
25
20
-
15
10
--
0
-
-
3001
1
6001
12001
9001
15001
Time [11500sec]
L_~~~~~~~~~
A
~~~~~-Pressu
I
e [In Hg] -
-Flow [SCFMI
Figure 19: PCV valve EV-152 testing results, exhibiting aggressive and gradual pressure rise/fall.
- 26 -
PCVValve
EV-229
Figure 20: PCV valve EV-229 testing results, exhibiting various rise/fall schemes used to incite
flutter.
Dodge
PCVValve
i-
I on
LU
I
r10
5
II
0
11
------------
-1--------------------------------------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I
~
~~~Time
[1150
sec]
3001
i
1,
6001
jLX~~~~~~~~~~~i-P;',,uI.Hg.
L
F -_] wSCFe]
Figure 21: Dodge PCV valve testing results. Note that flutter was successfully incited at a pressure of
10 In. Hg. and held for approximately 8 seconds.
Toyota
PCVValve
25
20
-
-
-
10
I ~-
~
11----------------
0
lI
_11,1-
il---.-----------------------
11"-
6001
3001
Time[11500
sec]
-Pressu
_
re
[in. Hg.]-- --Flow [SCFM]
I
,
_
Figure 22: Toyota PCV valve testing results. The valve experienced momentary heavy flutter at
second 2, but was not reproducible.
- 27 -
Figure 23: Testing results for Ford PCV valve with heater attachment.
5.2.3 October 13, 2004
The primary objective of this set of tests was to focus in on a pressure
range within which flutter always occurs, if such a pressure existed. The pattern
most notable in the testing procedure for this series of tests is consistent step
increases in pressure within a data set. Using estimates from previous testing, an
approximate range within which flutter was expected to occur was used as a
starting point for testing. Using a gate valve, pressure was stepped up or down as
accurately as possible with the equipment available until flutter level was
maintained.
Data was recorded at 500HZ sampling rate, with a 5000 data point
buffer capacity. Figures 24 through 30 show test results.
PCVValve
EV-111
l
20
4T
16
14
\12
10-
4~~~~~~-
2 ___t>
1
3001
a_
K--- -
-= )
6001
9001
12001
--
-
=_==
-
15001
18001
21001
Time[11500
secl
|
_Pressure
[h.tg] ----
Fb [StF
Figure 24: PCV valve EV-111 testing results.
- 28 -
24001
\
-----
27001
}
'
';t----.---
30001
-t
-----
f-II -- ----- - --- ----- - ----,,
- - - ----- -- --- - -- -- - ------ ----- ,- - II--------------1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
30001
Tine5OOsecL _
Pressure
[In.
Hg.---- Flow[SCFM
-
Figure 25: PCV Valve EV-118 testing results. Perceived flutter held at 10 In. Hg.
PCVValveEV-152
10
5030----
: zz
--I
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
-/ ---15001
----_
18001
--_-21001
-_ ---__--
24001
_
27001
30001
Time[1150secl
_
]
[-__essureh.
1-- "_
jSCFI
Figure 26: PCV valve EV-152 testing results. Note the instrumentation error resulting in a high peak
in the first several seconds of testing. The error in such occurrences was obvious only after the
experience gained from several hundred PCV valve tests in this thesis.
PCVValve
EV.229
25
20
15
I
10
5
,.- -------------------
n
v
i
1
i i
I i,
3001
6001
-,-------------------------------------- -------------------------------Ii
9001
,
12001
i
15001
I' ',
18001
i i Ei
21001
i' ' X
i :
24001
i
27001
1i7,1
30001
Time[11500lSOsec
Figure
PCV
27: valve EV-229 testing
ressurehults.
Flutter
- -- F was
[SCF
found and maintained at 0 In. Hg.
Figure 27: PCV valve EV-229 testing results. Flutter was found and maintained at 10 In. Hg.
- 29 -
Dodge
PCV
Valve
25
20
-
f
.
.
-
.
,
-
l
w
.
.
.
-
15
.
-
-
10
5
--
-------------------------
rll l l l l l l llrI ' l l
v
1
3001
---------------1_"I'___
15
r
15001
I ;
6001
9001
12001
1 r
18001
2
s
21001
i 201
27001
2
24001
30001
Time
[11500
sec]
|- Pessuren,Hg.]
---- Fw [SC
Figure 28: Dodge PCV valve testing results. Note the sustained high pressures attained when PCV
valve inlet was blocked, and the spikes attained when inlet was quickly unblocked and blocked.
Toyota
PCVValve
25
- ----- -
20
.
15
10
5
.I
I
-I
.
._.__
_
r-----------
i
i
Ii
I
…
i
I
6001
3001
1
.
I
I
'
i
9001
..
I
12001
Time
1150
secl
_, ]
- Ressure
_SI_
Figure 29: Toyota PCV valve testing results.
PCV
Valve
wlHeater
Attach.
25
20
15
10
n
-
-------------
----- ------
-----------
I
I
----------------------------------------------- -
u
I
1
I
I
3001
I
I I
6001
I
I
I
I
I
9001
I
I I
I
I
I
I
12001
I
I
I
15001
18001 I I
18001
I
21001
21001
------------24001
Time
[11500
secl
-Pressure[In.Hg.j
- --- Fow
[SCFM
Figure 30: Testing results for Ford PCV valve with heater attachment.
- 30 -
27001
5.2.4 October 18, 2004
The test procedure was nearly identical to testing procedure used on
October 13, 2004.
Data recorded at 500HZ sampling rate, with 5000 points
written to the buffer at a time. Test results were judged inconclusive following
the discovery of lose connections in the serial cable used to connect the pressure
transducer to the data acquisition card. Figure 1 shows an example of corrupted
data, resulting from a test conducted on PCV valve EV- 111.
PCV
Valve
EV.111
(data
corrupted)
I
~~3001
~~~~~~~~~~1
6001
900
Tie[1150
secl
i
.1.] -Fbw [SCF
- PRessure[h
Figure 31: PCV Valve EV-111 testing data from 10/18/2004 tests. Note the sharp negative spikes in
pressure following short rise/fall in pressure. These spikes result from instrumentation error due to
loss of serial cable lead connectivity.
5.3
Zero-Degree Angle Testing
5.3.1 January 4, 2005
In the first set of tests run using PCV valve EV-111, 7 PCV valves were
chosen at random from a set of 24 PCV valves. These tests were labeled in
testing order using letters "1" through "6", though it must be noted at that this
early stage, permanent alphanumeric assignments had not yet been established for
the PCV valves. Each valve was at room temperature and was prepared for
testing by agitation prior to application of pressure in order to insure that the
internal components were not seized.
-31 -
Each valve was mounted to the testing apparatus with a 3/8-inch rubber
hose, which, although compliant, was capable of pressures of up to 15 In. Hg.
The setup was at this point in the thesis designed to simply incite flutter by
mimicking steady-state conditions in pressure and flow as experienced in the 3.0
liter V6 engine. Gradual rise and fall in pressure was attempted, though step rises
in pressure still persisted because a gate valve was used as the sole means of
pressure and flow regulation.
Overall familiarity with testing procedure for PCV valve EV-157 was
established. Through the testing of a few random valves, it became evident that a
flutter range existed around a vacuum level of 8 to 10 In. Hg. PCV valve "a"
experienced light vibration at relatively low vacuum, which prompted a series of
fast rises and falls in pressure in order to try and induce heavy vibration. These
attempts, evident in Figure 1 of the Appendix, resulted in one more instance of
vibration, in the latter half of the test run, but yielded no conclusive flutter pattern.
PCV valve "f" also experienced vibration, at a vacuum level of approximately 9
In. Hg. Vibration state was held successfully for approximately 5 seconds. The
remainder of test runs for this date yielded no flutter patterns. Finally, testing
revealed that each PCV valve behaved differently, highlighting the need for a
permanent label structure for the valves. Full testing results are shown in Section
1.0 of the Appendix.
5.3.2 January 5, 2005
Each PCV valve was labeled permanently, using letters "a" through "w",
in order to differentiate among individual PCV valve characteristics and behavior
during testing. Testing was conducted using the testing equipment outlined in
- 32 -
Section 3.0. One of the primary objectives of this set of tests was to compare the
relative advantages and drawbacks of using two different scan rates.
Two
complete tests sets were run: the first was run at a scan rate of 250Hz, with a 2500
scan buffer to which 50 scans were written at a time; the second was run at a scan
rate of 500Hz, with a scan buffer of 5000 scans, to which 100 scans were written
at a time.
The incoming line pressure to the vacuum generator was 65 PSI for
both tests sets. During each test, the pressure was gradually increased using a
gate valve, which allowed moderately consistent step increases in pressure.
Testing of the two sampling frequencies, 250HZ and 500HZ, revealed that
500HZ was the ideal compromise between data recording sensitivity and data file
size. A handful of tests were also conducted at higher frequencies of 750HZ and
1000HZ, but were deemed too high because of file size generated. In addition,
too high of a frequency hampered the ability to record sufficient data because of
Excel limitations: Excel can read a maximum of 65,536 cells, and can only plot
32,000 cells at a time. Thus, at 1000HZ, a maximum of 65.5 seconds of data can
be recorded, and only 32 seconds can be plotted at a time. A sampling frequency
of 500HZ doubles data point limits, and was therefore chosen as the default value.
The air supply pressure
at the air supply
line control valve was
approximately 132 In. Hg. before the start of each test run, and typically dropped
to 92 In. Hg. to 98 In. Hg. during the testing procedure.
The typical peak vacuum
level was about 13 In. Hg. A significant observation made was that there was
little correlation in vibration patterns from test to test for each valve. Those that
- 33 -
did experience pressure fluctuations of some sort tended to do so either near peak
pressure or at a vacuum level of 6-7 In. Hg.
5.3.3 January 7, 2005
The purpose of this series of testing is to identify any background pressure
noise that may exists in the pressure and flow signals analyzed. This task was
completed in a series of nine tests. Test 1 was run with a precision ruby orifice
connected directly to a pressure transducer, which was connected to the supply
line pressure source.
Test 2 was conducted with a direct, non-compliant
connection between the vacuum generator and the pressure transducer, and with a
short, hard rubber tube connecting the pressure transducer to the PCV valve. Test
3 was conducted with a direct, non-compliant connection between the vacuum
generator and the pressure transducer, and with the stock PCV valve tube
connecting the pressure transducer to the PCV valve. Test 4 was conducted with
a direct, non-compliant connection connecting the vacuum generator, flow rate
meter, and the pressure transducer.
A short, hard rubber tube connected the
pressure transducer to the PCV valve. Test 5 was conducted with a direct, noncompliant connection connecting the vacuum generator, flow rate meter, and the
pressure transducer. A stock PCV valve tube connected the pressure transducer to
the PCV valve. Test 6 was conducted with a direct, non-compliant connection
between the vacuum generator and the pressure transducer, and with a short, hard
rubber tube connecting the pressure transducer to a copper filter. Test 7 was
conducted with a direct, non-compliant connection between the vacuum generator
and the pressure transducer, and with the stock PCV valve tube connecting the
pressure transducer to a copper filter. Test 8 was conducted with a direct, non-
- 34 -
compliant connection connecting the vacuum generator, flow rate meter, and the
pressure transducer. A short, hard rubber tube connected the pressure transducer
to a copper filter. Test 9 was conducted with a direct, non-compliant connection
connecting the vacuum generator, flow rate meter, and the pressure transducer. A
stock PCV valve tube connected the pressure transducer to a copper filter.
Testing conclusively showed that the noise observed during testing of
PCV valves was not related to the PCV valves themselves. Tests run with a
precision ruby orifice, connected to the pressure supply using both long a short
connections, showed that steady noise persisted at peak pressure. Tests run with a
filter instead of a PCV valve seemed to experience peak-level noise of higher
amplitude. However, upon further inspection, it was determined that the peaklevel noise experienced using the ruby orifice and the filter are of the same order
of magnitude when placed on the same scale.
Figure 63 and Figure 64 in
Appendix I show pressure data for both a test run using a ruby orifice and a test
run using a filter, plotted on the same scale. It was determined, therefore, that the
signal noise observed at peak pressure is not related to flutter, and is instead
caused by an outside source. Future testing will determine what the external
instigator of noise is and whether or not the signal noise would occur during
normal engine operation.
- 35 -
5.3.4 January 10, 2005
The purpose of this series of tests was to test the effects of using a new
dial gauge pressure regulator in place of the gate valve regulator and to test the
effects of mounting the PCV valve in the stock valve cover. The valve cover was
placed face-down on the bench in order to thesis the effects of valve sealing, thus
introducing a pressure differential across the valve. In previous testing, the intake
side of the valve - that is, the side of the valve which is not connected to the
vacuum source - was exposed to atmospheric pressure. Sealing the valve cover
caused the intake side of the PCV valve to be exposed to a pressure lower than
atmospheric pressure, thus increasing the effective pressure differential across the
PCV valve. The goal of increasing the pressure differential was to highlight the
effects, if any, of increases in pressure differential on the inciting of flutter. Each
PCV valve underwent two tests.
In each test set, the PCV valve was first
mounted in the cam cover, and then held outside the cam cover vertically, at 90
degrees with respect to horizontal.
The most noticeable characteristic of all the valves is that the issue of
flutter is intermittent at best. During these series of tests, certain valves that were
not able to flutter when mounted in the valve cover did vibrate when held
vertically outside the valve cover.
A hypothesis was established: perhaps
mounting the cam cover at an angle such that the PCV is held perpendicular to the
ground would better generate cases of flutter.
Interestingly, PCV valve G
experienced the most severe flutter observed in the thesis up to this date when
connected to the pressure transducer using clear3/4inchvinyl tubing to connect the
PCV valve to the pressure transducer. Figure 71 in Appendix 1 shows the plot of
- 36 -
PCV valve G pressure and flow against time.
The remainder of the valves
showed no distinct pattern of vibration or lack of vibration through all testing.
Testing results indicated that a series of tests run using a stock PCV tube instead
of clear vinyl tubing would be highly useful.
5.3.5 January 11, 2005
The purpose of this series of tests was to test the effects of using a new
dial gauge pressure regulator in place of the gate valve regulator. The dial gauges
were tested with pressure flow operating in two directions. The original intent
was to control fluctuations in the air supply both on the vacuum side and the
positive pressure side of the vacuum generator. When operating the vacuum
gauge in one direction, positive pressure could be read. In the opposite direction,
working on the vacuum side of the experimental setup, the gauge failed to register
a pressure difference. Fluctuation was significantly reduced with the addition of
the pressure gauge on the positive pressure side of the vacuum generator. In
addition, the apparent step increases in pressure during each test were eliminated
and replaced with smoother rises and falls in pressure.
In all tests, the PCV valve was connected to the pressure transducer with3/4
inch inmer diameter clear vinyl tubing. The clear vinyl tubing was intended to
reduce any effects of flow restrictions that may have existed between the PCV
valve and the pressure transducer when using the stock PCV valve tube, which is
constructed of non-compliant plastic and does not have a consistent inner
diameter at bends.
Testing results indicated poor correlation with physically observed PCV
valve behavior.
Several PCV valves, such as PCV valve U and PCV valve W,
- 37 -
were observed to have vibrated, yet data recorded shows little difference between
the valves that fluttered and those that did not. Figures 108 and 110 in Appendix
I respectively show pressure and flow versus time for PCV valves U and W.
These plots are strikingly similar to several plots of PCV valves that did not
flutter. The non-compliant connection for the flow rate meter and pressure
transducer seemed to make little difference in plot results. One possible reason
for this might have been the coarseness with which a gate valve was employed to
control the experimental pressure and flow. Finally, it was noted that several
PCV valves that fluttered to some degree in January 10 testing did not flutter
during this set of tests, and vice versa. Further testing was required, with the
stock PCV tube and clear vinyl tubing tested in sequence to insure that in each set
of tests, the PCV valve was in approximately the same condition for each tube.
5.3.6 January 12, 2005
The purpose of this series of tests was to directly compare the difference
in flow characteristics between the stock PCV valve tube and3/inch inner diameter
clear vinyl tubing.
In addition, this set of tests introduced the mechanical
connection between the mass flow rate meter-pressure transducer non-compliant
assembly and the vacuum generator. This setup was intended to minimize loss in
pressure and flow due to the possible collapse of softer connections, such as 3/8
inch inner diameter emissions tubing. All PCV valves were tested using the clear
vinyl tubing, and then the order of PCV valves was repeated using the stock PCV
valve tube.
Test results showed little improvement in overall pressure and flow
behavior with the addition of a non-compliant connection between the mass flow
- 38 -
rate meter and pressure transducer assembly. The most significant disturbance in
testing still appears to be a step-like increase in pressure throughout the test. The
step-wise increase results from the turning of the short knob: because the knob
diameter is small, the wrist must be twisted back and forth in order to attain a
semi-steady rise in pressure to peak. The pauses in between rotations resulting
from this motion cause the steps in pressure. In order to try to eliminate these
steps, a crank lever was developed.
5.3.7 January 19, 2005
The primary objective of this test was to test the effect of PCV valve
proximity to the pressure transducer. In previous tests, the question of proximity
had arisen because of the observed difference in behavior with increased distance
between the PCV valve and the pressure transducer. In this test, the pressure
transducer was connected to the PCV valve with a two inch long semi-hard
rubber, placing the pressure transducer entrance approximately 1.5 inches away
from the center of the PCV valve components and body. The pressure transducer
and mass flow rate meter was mechanically connected to the vacuum generator
for this series of tests.
Several cases of significant flutter were noted in this series of tests. One
case of such flutter is PCV valve I, shown in Figure 165 of Appendix I. In each
case of flutter, a slight dip was noted in the pressure. Though this was promising
in terms of flutter prediction capability, there are certain instances where a slight
dip in pressure was indicated, but no flutter was perceived during the test. One
such case is PCV valve L, shown in Figure 168 in Appendix I.
Overall,
instrumentation appeared to be slightly more sensitive to pressure changes than in
- 39 -
previous occasions, indicating that the short semi-hard rubber coupler used in this
set of tests likely allowed for more accurate pressure readings than the longer
connections used in previous tests.
5.3.8 January 20, 2005
The primary objective of this series of tests was to verify whether or not
the noise observed in pressure signals was due to grounding issues. During this
series of tests, each valve was tested with no grounding, and then the entire PCV
valve order was repeated with the instrumentation grounded with the auxiliary
ground outlet in a regular 110 volt power outlet. The pressure transducer and the
mass flow rate meter were once again connected to the vacuum generator with a
mechanical, non-compliant connection. The PCV valve was connected to the
pressure transducer using a short, semi-hard rubber connection.
Testing revealed that grounding issues were not related to the noise
observed in the pressure signal at peak pressure. A comparison of every valve
test in the grounded test set with its counterpart in the no-ground test set revealed
no significant differences. Therefore, noise observed at peak was deemed to not
be an electrical issue caused by in appropriate grounding of the test setup, but
rather a problem either caused by instrumentation error or by fluctuations in the
air supply line.
5.4
45-degree angle testing
The main objective of this test setup was to replicate engine compartment
mounting angles as accurately as possible.
The 3.0L Duratec V6 is a 90-degree
engine, meaning the cylinder banks are at a 90-degree angle with respect to one
another.
Therefore, the 45-degree angle setup closely mirrors engine conditions.
- 40 -
In order to more accurately duplicate in-vehicle operational conditions for the
PCV valve, a series of 45-degree angle tests were executed in order to properly
account for the engine head angle. Thus, the PCV valve was mounted in the cam
cover at a 45-degree angle with respect to the stand, vertically with respect to
horizontal.
5.4.1 February 4, 2005
The purpose of this series of tests was to examine the change in
characteristics observed between mounting the cam cover on a flat, level surface
and mounting the PCV valve inside the grommet at a 45-degree angle, and
mounting the valve cover on a test stand at a 45-degree angle, thereby testing the
PCV vale at 45 degrees with respect to the cam cover and at a 90-degree angle
with respect to the test bench. The valve cover was mounted to the test stand with
4 bolts and sealed to the mounting surface with the stock cam cover seal. In each
test, the PCV valve was directly connected to the pressure transducer with a short
semi-hard rubber connection, and the vacuum generator, mass flow rate meter,
and pressure transducer were all connected using mechanical, non-compliant
connections. Pressure rises and falls were conducted at a moderate pace.
This set of tests appeared to show pressure dips rather well in certain
instances, such as with PCV E, shown in Figure 230. Spikes in mass flow rate
seemed to correlate well with some degree of flutter in most cases. However,
there were several cases in which mass flow rate and pressure behavior would
tend to suggest the existence of flutter, yet no flutter existed.
This led to the
conclusion that PCV valve component fluctuation - that is, the vibration of
internal components that could potentially lead to flutter - may be present without
-41 -
the physical and audible indicators typical of flutter. An important resultant
question is: Is such vibration necessarily a concern, given that the primary
concern in curing flutter is customer perception? The answer must be that the two
cases - "silent" and audible flutter - are intertwined, and if silent flutter exists, it
is to be eliminated in the process of eliminating audible flutter.
5.4.2 February 11, 2005
The purpose of this series of tests was to examine the effects of not sealing
the cam cover to the test mount surface in comparison with the tests in which the
cam cover was sealed against the 45-degree angle mount. The valve cover was
mounted to the test stand with 4 bolts and evenly spaced with a¼/4inchgap all the
way around the sealing surface using¼inch wood blocks. In each test, the PCV
valve was directly connected to the pressure transducer with a short semi-hard
rubber connection, and the vacuum generator, mass flow rate meter, and pressure
transducer were all connected using mechanical, non-compliant connections.
Pressure rises and falls were conducted at a fast pace in an attempt to reduce
overall file size.
The results of this series of tests could have been influenced by the battery
level of the mass flow rate meter, especially towards the end of the testing.
However, data is shown because pressure data remains valid because the pressure
transducer functions independently of the mass flow rate meter. Overall, the gap
between the cam cover and the test stand surface seemed to have little effect on
the results, but the tests conducted led to a realization that precise test control may
not be completely necessary. The idea arose that the test setup may in fact have
too much control in that the chaos in the engine compartments
- 42 -
- various
temperature and pressure conditions that are different from vehicle to vehicle and
from drive cycle to drive cycle - is completely eliminated from the testing setup.
Even though the temperature conditions typical of the engine compartment were
not a part of this thesis, pressure conditions are at the heart of the matter.
Subsequent testing attempted to not have as repeatable a pressure rise pattern in
order to better be able to incite flutter.
5.4.3 February 14, 2005
The purpose of this test of tests was to explore the necessity of proximity
of the pressure transducer feed to the PCV valve. Using a 10-32 brass fitting
mounted to a short semi-hard rubber fitting, which is used to connect the mass
flow rate meter to the PCV valve, the minimum possible distance between the
PCV valve and the pressure transducer was achieved.
The non-compliant
connection between the mass flow rate meter and the vacuum generator was
maintained for this series of tests, as in previous tests. However, the pressure
transducer was not part of the main test setup assembly. The pressure transducer
was connected to the 10-32 fitting using a small eighth-inch diameter tube and
was itself maintained external to the primary test setup. The test procedure was
intended to test a recently broached chaos theory, which much like traditional
chaos theory, postulated that regardless of how repeatable the test procedure is
made, test results cannot be completely predictable. Resulting in a change in
mentality, the prediction shifted the focus of testing from flutter prediction to
flutter condition characterization. The immediate goals did not change, but the
new approach would alter the end result of the thesis.
- 43 -
Tests of the chaos theory broached in previous testing were conducted
using clear vinyl tubing that had previously incited heavy flutter. The results
showed the clearest flutter cases in the entire thesis. The 10-32 fitting used in the
setup allowed for precise monitoring of pressure conditions at the PCV valve.
Both test sets exhibited heavy flutter in several cases, though the long test sets
offered a clearer picture of PCV valve flutter that eventually stabilizes and return
to the normal realm of functionality. Test results for PCV valve V, shown in
Figure 314 of Appendix I, exhibits the strongest, most conclusive evidence that
the flutter issue is a manufacturing problem. Theoretically, slight manufacturing
defects in the PCV valve internal structure could cause components to seize in
such a manner as to incite the oscillatory behavior observed in test results such as
those for PCV valve V. Subsequent testing attempted to maintain the chaotic test
procedure while using different PCV valve coupling mechanisms.
5.4.4 February 15, 2005
The primary objective of this set of tests was to attempt to reduce and/or
eliminate signal noise in pressure and mass flow rate readings.
The stock PCV
valve tube was used to connect the PCV valve tube to the mass flow rate meter
output. The stock semi-hard rubber fitting used to connect the PCV valve to the
rest of the stock PCV valve tube was modified with a 10-32 brass fitting in order
to connect the pressure transducer.
The mass flow rate meter and the vacuum
generator were connected with a non-compliant connection, and vacuum
generator input pressures were typical of previous test pressures. Two tests sets
were run during this series: the first was recorded at 500Hz sampling rate, and the
second at 1000Hz sampling rate. Differentiation between heavy flutter and signal
- 44 -
noise was an important first step in being able to differentiate between light flutter
and signal noise. Therefore, the notation of observations is different for this test
than for other tests in that all light flutter was dismissed in addition to signal
noise, and only heavy flutter and vibration was noted and logged. In essence,
stricter application of the term "flutter" was used.
In this set of tests, no significant flutter was noted because of the stricter
standards with which something was deemed to flutter. Specifically, any light
transitional vibration was not noted. Cases of minor vibration that were noted
were note supported by the pressure data, at either 500HZ or lOOO1HZsampling
rate. Thus, the differentiation between light flutter and random fluctuation in air
supply remained a difficult task to accomplish.
5.4.5 March 4, 2005
The objective of this series of tests was to pinpoint the source or sources
of signal noise. This was a multifaceted procedure that consisted of variations in
vacuum generator assembly, maximum vacuum generated, orifice size and type,
and flow direction through PCV valve. The first set of tests was conducted with
two different types of orifices: a precision ruby orifice and a copper air filter.
Each test was conducted with two different vacuum generators. Next, the orifice
tests were repeated using air pressure alone to test for any signal noise originating
in the air supply line. In the next set of tests, 5 random valves - valves A, E, I, 0,
U - were tested with a regular 2-channel vacuum generator in reverse flow - that
is, the PCV valve was run in reverse using positive pressure. Finally, components
from the two two-channel vacuum generators were rearranged to form 1, 2, 3, and
- 45 -
4-channel vacuum generators. Each of these vacuum generators was tested using
PCV valves A, E, I, 0, and U.
This set of tests conclusively showed that noise observed in all previous
testing was not caused by the vacuum generator. Every recombination of the
vacuum generator, using 1, 2, 3, or 4 channels, still exhibited noise of the same
order of magnitude as the original signal noise. Positive pressure tests conducted
on PCV valves A, E, I, 0, and U revealed that the noise was caused either by the
air supply fed to the vacuum generator, or by instrumentation error.
5.5
Nitrogen testing
Due to the small diameter of the pipe used to connect the test setup to the
air supply tank, it is possible that some pressure fluctuation may have been caused
by undeveloped flow conditions. In order to eliminate pressure signal noise due
to transfer line fluctuation, a test was run using a nitrogen tank to provide driving
pressure for the vacuum generator.
5.5.1 March 11, 2005
The objective of this series of tests was to investigate and concretely
establish whether or not the air supply used to run the vacuum generator
contributes significantly to the pressure signal noise. It was suspected that the
noise that had until this point been fixed with the pressure signal may have been
caused by an undeveloped air flow, possibly caused by the long entry length that
would be required for flow in a/2inch diameter pipe. Therefore, a nitrogen tank
was attained and used to drive the vacuum generator instead of the air supply that
had been used in previous testing. The test setup consisted of a non-compliant
connection between the mass flow rate meter and the vacuum generator.
- 46 -
Clear
vinyl tubing was used to connect the PCV valve to the mass flow rate meter
output, and a short semi-hard rubber coupler was placed at the end of the PCV
valve tube to interface with the PCV valve. A 10-32 fitting was mounted in the
semi-hard rubber coupler, to which the pressure transducer was mounted. All
data was recorded at a 500Hz sampling rate.
No significant flutter was encountered in PCV valve testing using
nitrogen, indicating that noise is caused by instrumentation error. FFT analysis of
the results supported the findings shown by the raw pressure data, indicating no
significant frequency spikes. Subsequent tests were run to isolate the specific
instrument from which noise originated. Test results showed that flutter was
caused by the pressure transducer. FFT analysis of the test results showed that
when compared with major cases of flutter, noise resulting from instrumentation
error is on a different order of magnitude than pressure fluctuations due to flutter.
6.0
Conclusion
The issue of PCV valve flutter can to a certain extent be successfully analyzed
using pressure and flow data plotted against time. Extensive analysis of pressure and
flow plotted against time revealed that in certain cases, flutter was indicated, yet in other
cases, flutter was not indicated. Specifically, only severe flutter cases were successfully
indicated using pressure and flow plotted on a timescale.
In order to be able to concretely distinguish between light flutter and noise, either
due to instrumentation error or anomalies in gas flow, a strong method of analysis must
be employed.
FFT analysis has been proven to be a reliable and accurate way of
quantifying flutter in a PCV valve than time-scale analysis of pressure traces.
In
validation tests for the FFT analysis methods, the frequencies indicated by FFT analysis
- 47 -
when applied to the sine plots were precisely in agreement with those observed through
visual verification of the sine plots plotted against time, as well as the values given by the
standardized formula, Equation 1 (refer to Section 5.4). The amplitudes did not correlate
as well with the amplitude of the equation plotted against time or with the amplitude
suggested by the equation itself. However, it must be noted that the amplitudes that the
FFT analysis extracted from the combined sine functions in Equation 4 correlate exactly
with those it produced in its separate analyses of Equations 2 and 3. Thus, in the plots of
pressure traces from PCV valve flutter testing, the FFT function accurately separates the
component sources of flutter. In other words, if there exists a case where there is minor
flutter due to PCV valve component vibration and there is a separate air pressure
fluctuation generated at the air pressure source, FFT analysis of the cumulative plot will
separate the two contributors to pressure variation, therefore simplifying characterization
of flutter.
The results of this study underscore the importance of accuracy of pressure and
flow recording. The final recommended test setup consists of elements taken from many
of the test setups used throughout the study. In order to study the causes of flutter, it is
most important to incite flutter. The secondary priority is the reproduction of engine
compartment conditions because not all vehicle conditions can be replicated with the
equipment available at the bench level.
Section 7.1.
The final test setup components are listed in
The recommended setup includes the vacuum generator, mass flow rate
meter, pressure transducer, and pressure regulator typical of most recent test setups, as
well as the data acquisition card and computer used in all testing.
The most notable
contrasts to most testing in this study are the use of a clear vinyl tube and the rubber
-48 -
coupler with a 10-32 fitting to connect the PCV valve to the test setup. The vinyl tube
assures maximum flutter probability, and the 10-32 fitting mounted adjacent to the PCV
valve assures most accurate pressure readings possible.
Brass fittings are used to
connect all major components to insure that no hose damping effects occur between
instruments. The PCV valve is mounted in the stock cam cover, and the 45-degree angle
setup may be used, though it angle doesn't
play as important
a role.
Thus, the
recommended setup provides the maximum probability of flutter and the most accurate
measurement of pressure and flow.
In summation, the procedure developed for the characterization of PCV valve
flutter using ,FT analysis is the recommended approach to be used in future applications
that may experience flutter.
Pressure traces alone do not allow for the direct
characterization of flutter because, as was found in various tests on the 3.0L Duratec PCV
valve, flutter occurs to varying degrees of severity, and does not always correspond to a
massive, highly-visible aberration in pressure. In some cases, the pressure trace of a
valve that was not observed to flutter was nearly identical to that of a valve that
experienced light flutter. FFT analysis of the pressure traces filters out the frequency
levels on which flutter occurs, and can more accurately show whether or not a valve has
flutter issues.
6.1
Final Test Setup
6.1.1
Omega Engineering,
1611, Serial #15705.
6.1.2
Omega Engineering, Inc. pressure transducer: Model #PX30530VACI.
Anver®2-channelvacuum generator.
Watts Fluidair pressure regulator: Model #R374-02CG, Serial 048.
Clear3/nch vinyl tubing [6 foot length].
Various brass fittings for instrumentation connections
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.1.5
6.1.6
Inc. mass flow rate meter: Model #FMA-
- 49 -
6.1.7 Short rubber coupling with 10-32 fitting for pressure transducer.
6.1.8 Data Acquisition Card: National Instruments DAQ Card - 6036E.
6.1.9 Acer Tablet PC: Travel Mate 100.
7.0
Acknowledgements
The most elusive problem to solve is often within oneself.
My time at MIT has
been as much a personal quest to find the limits of my capacity to think, feel, and
remember as much as it has been an intellectual endeavor. Without the support of those
around, I would not have extracted anything meaningful from the challenges MIT posed.
I would like to thank Professor Alex Slocum for his endless wisdom and
invaluable support over the past several years.
As his 2.007 student, I was a young
engineer, eager to learn and ready to build. As my UROP and Thesis advisor, Professor
Slocum entrusted me with a professional-level project with the Ford-MIT Alliance. I am
sincerely grateful for the opportunity I was provided.
I would also like to thank Dave Freeman.
Over the years, he has not only
supervised my work as a machinist, an analyst, and an engineer, but he has also become
my friend. When things were good, he cheered me on, and when I was down, he cheered
me up. His advice on the professional level greatly enhanced the quality of my work, and
his advice as a friend has helped me get through it all. Thanks Dave.
For their kind support over the years, I would like to thank the MIT Pappalardo
Lab staff. Their advice, expertise, and their 8AM jokes helped me feel like part of the
team, and kept me motivated in the most trying of times.
I also greatly appreciate the
support from Peggy Garlick in the Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate office. Her
support and emails have kept me on task over the years, and her kind reassurance is
greatly appreciated.
- 50-
In closing, I would like to thank my friends and family. The brothers of Pi
Lambda Phi have over the years trusted me with the leadership of the house, and they
have all become dear friends. I will always remember those 4AM conversations that
made all-nighters bearable. I'd like to thank my family for their support and prayers, and
my girlfriend for being patient and putting up with me the past several months. I promise
I'll stop being in such a bad mood once I turn this in.
8.0
Bibliography
1.
htp://www.me.psu.edu/me82/Learning/FFT/FFT.html - Fourier analysis
information resource. Detailed outline of how to use FFT analysis in Excel.
- 51 -
APPENDIX I
1.0
January 4, 2005
PCV Valve 1
da.
'u
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure
[In. Hg.] ----
12001
__
Flow
[SCFM]
Figure 32: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 1 testing results.
PCV Valve 2
I
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 33: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 2 testing results.
52 -
PCV Valve 3
16
.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_
14
_,~~ ~~~e- ,
12
\"
r-11
10
8
6
I-
4
2
.- -.
0
[
1
~ ~~
x
I %
~
~
~
~
~
~
-
e
1
,
I
I
I
I
II
9001
6001
3C 101
Time [1/500 sec:
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow{SCFM]
Figure 34: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 3 testing results.
PCV Valve 3 (test 2)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 35: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 3 testing results.
- 53 -
I
I
PCV Valve 4
16
14
12
10
8
6
II
I
/
I
I
~~---.---I
I
I
i
/~~~~
--
I
-
I II
4
I
I
_ H8 rf iI
2
0
| ||il
I-v~~~~~
3001
1
9001
6001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 36: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 4 testing results.
PCVValve 5
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
II "
I
~~/u
0
1
t
3001
t
-
…
6001
v
9001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 37: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 5 testing results.
- 54 -
*-_;
t
4 f-1
10
_
-
14-
~~~~
PCV
Valve 6
PC
a
v
/-'
12 10 -
8-
-I
I
6-
4-
20-
,,
_.
.....
~.~
-
-I~
.
~.
I
k
....
~~ I
o|-e
I
I
1
I
3001
-
I
I
-
I
I
-
I
I
.
I
I
--
I .
I
I
I
.
I
I
.
6001
-.
.
I
I
.
I
I
I
I
9001
.*'
I
i
i-F
1200
I
Time [1/500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM1
.
Figure 38: January 4, 2005 PCV valve 6 testing results.
- 55 -
I
I
2.0
January 5, 2005
2.1 250HZ Sampling Rate
PCV Valve A(250Hz)
14 -
12
_____
10__
_
___
_
V
_
8
64-
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 39: January 5, 2005 PCV valve A testing results.
PCV Valve B(250Hz)
1A
II
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
2001
4001
600' I
Time [1/250 sec]
-.Pressure [In.Hg.]-- - - Flow
[SCFM]
Figure 40: January 5, 2005 PCV valve B testing results.
- 56 -
8001
PCV Valve C(250Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
--
7
0
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [In. Hg.]
Figure 41: January 5, 2005 PCV valve C testing results. Note that flutter was maintained at 6 In. Hg.
PCV Valve D(250Hz)
dA_
-1"
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
6001
3001
Time [1/250 sec]
.-
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM I
Figure 42: January 5, 2005 PCV valve D testing results.
- 57 -
9001
PCV Valve E(250Hz)
4A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/250 sec]
t
.
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 43: January 5, 2005 PCV valve E testing results, showing aggressive attempts to incite flutter.
PCV Valve F(250Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 44: January 5, 2005 PCV valve F testing results.
- 58 -
9001
PCV Valve G(250Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
15001
12001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 45: January 5, 2005 PCV valve G testing results.
PCV Valve H(250Hz)
I4
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 46: January 5, 2005 PCV valve H testing results.
- 59 -
12001
PCV Valve 1(250Hz)
14 1210
8
l
642-
A
0
01
~
-
-
~
/ 7tt
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 47: January 5, 2005 PCV valve I testing results.
PCV Valve J(250Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2 -
,
x
0*
1
3001
6001
Time [1/250 sc]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 48: January 5, 2005 PCV valve J testing results.
- 60 -
9001
PCV Valve K(250Hz)
16
14
12
10
ij
8
-----I
6
I
4
I
1A
2
0
1
3001
. . .
.
~~~3001
1
L
I I
.
I
- 11
I-
6001
9001
ne [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 49: January 5, 2005 PCV valve K testing results.
PCV Valve L(250Hz)
14 12 10
8
6-
424
I
~~
~
-,I
~
~
0-
~
-
~
-
'
~'-
*,
1
3001
6001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 50: January 5, 2005 PCV valve L testing results.
- 61 -
-1
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
9001
ri.v valve MZ5UmZ)
16
14
'11\
12
10
8
6
4
2
I
0
I
1
3001
I
I
I
I
I
I
6001
Time [11250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 51: January 5, 2005 PCV valve M testing results.
PCV Valve N(250Hz)
10
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
Time [11250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM
Figure 52: January 5, 2005 PCV valve N testing results.
- 62 -
900 lI
PCV Valve 0(250Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
I
.
I at /~~~~~~~~~~~M
"-_____
0
1
6001
3001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
Figure 53: January
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
5, 2005 PCV valve O testing results, showing aggressive attempts to incite flutter,
and successful flutter at 6 In. Hg.
Figure 54: January 5, 2005 PCV valve P testing results.
- 63 -
PCV Valve Q(25OHz)
14
12
10
8
6
j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4
2
i
0
1
./T
i
it
-I---
3001
J
6001
III
9001
Time [1/250 sec]
Flow [SCFM]
- - - -
Pressure [In. Hg.]
Figure 55: January 5, 2005 PCV valve Q testing results.
PCV Valve R(25OHz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
1)",
----..
I--j-~
~~~~~(-
/
0
1
-
3001
I.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
I~~
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure
[In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 56: January 5, 2005 PCV valve R testing results.
- 64 -
15001
I......
PCV Valve S(250Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 57: January 5, 2005 PCV valve S testing results.
PCV Valve T(250Hz)
14 12
4-
2I
01
3001
6001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 58: January 5, 2005 PCV valve T testing results.
- 65 -
9001
PCV Valve U(250Hz)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
3001
1
9001
6001
12001
15001
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 59: January 5, 2005 PCV valve U testing results
PCV Valve V(250Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
In
,
1S~~~~se
1
0
1
----- - - - - -3001
3001
/F--1
-
-
~~~~~t
9001
-
-
-
-
-
9001
6001
Time [11250sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 60: January 5, 2005 PCV valve V testing results.
- 66 -
-
-
--
121
Ix
12001
PCV Valve W(250Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
I
2
I
0
1
I
)I
I-
'
/
'
3001
I I I I
6001
..
9001
,-
Time [1/250 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 61: January 5, 2005 PCV valve W testing results.
- 67 -
\
-
,r I
2.2
500HZ Sampling Rate
PCV Valve A(500Hz)
^I
114
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 62: January 5, 2005 PCV valve A testing results.
PCV Valve B(500Hz)
I A
114
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
--_
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 63: January 5, 2005 PCV valve B testing results.
- 68 -
12001
PCV Valve C(500Hz)
.I,+I
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 64: January 5, 2005 PCV valve C testing results.
PCV Valve D(500Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 65: January 5, 2005 PCV valve D testing results.
- 69 -
15001
PCV Valve E(500Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
I
2
0
J
~
--~~~
1
13,
1
6001
3001
-1
J
6001
0
9001
--'---.
t
1201
1 001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 66: January 5, 2005 PCV valve E testing results.
PCV Valve F(500Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] ---
-
Flow[SCFM]
Figure 67: January 5, 2005 PCV valve F testing results.
- 70 -
I
PCV Valve G(500Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
3001
1
6001
12001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-
-
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 68: January 5, 2005 PCV valve G testing results.
PCV Valve H(500Hz)
16 -
14
-_
12
10
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 69: January 5, 2005 PCV valve H testing results.
- 71 -
15001
PCV Valve 1(500Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
1200 1:
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 70: January 5, 2005 PCV valve I testing results.
PCV Valve J(500Hz)
16
/ / l7
14
12
10
8
\
\
6
4
2
_
'
-
'
^JoftSAnd%
I ~~~--
^
___ _
t
\ '
'I-
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 71: January 5, 2005 PCV valve testing results.
- 72 -
12001
PCV Valve K(500Hz)
-lo
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
12001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 72: January 5, 2005 PCV valve K testing results.
PCV Valve L(500Hz)
14
12
/ -
_
10
8 6
4 -
021
1'-
-
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/500 sc]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 73: January 5, 2005 PCV valve L testing results.
- 73 -
12001
PCV Valve M(500Hz)
1AI
I,+
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
6001
3001
1
9001
Time [11500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 74: January
5, 2005 PCV valve M testing results.
Figure 74: January 5, 2005 PCV valve M testing results.
PCV Valve N(500Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1~
1
-
1
I
3001
6001
,
9001
9001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 75: January 5, 2005 PCV valve N testing results.
- 74 -
1
11
1 200
1200'
PCV Valve 0(500Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
I
-,i
2
. . .
f~~~
. . .
/ L~~
I
~~~~~~~~ .I - I-\_
I
~~~~~~~
. . .-
. . . .
..
' ' I
. . . .
0
1
6001
3001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 76: January 5, 2005 PCV valve O testing results, showing aggressive attempts to incite flutter.
PCV Valve P(500Hz)
4A
I1
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 77: January 5, 2005 PCV valve P testing results.
- 75 -
12001
PCV Valve Q(500Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
I
I
I
I
I
I
I %I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 78: January 5, 2005 PCV valve Q testing results.
PCV Valve R(500Hz)
14 1210
8
6
4.
\
2
0*
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM
Figure 79: January 5, 2005 PCV valve R testing results.
- 76 -
15001
PCV Valve S(500Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
A)
1
6001
3001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 80: January 5, 2005 PCV valve S testing results.
PCV Valve T(500Hz)
14
12
10
8
6
4
/f
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
rime [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 81: January 5, 2005 PCV valve T testing results.
- 77 -
15001
PCV Valve U(500Hz)
1A4
I,
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 82: January 5, 2005 PCV valve U testing results.
PCV Valve V(500Hz)
14 -
(7777
1210
86
2
-
0-
. .
~1 ~
3001
..
.
.
.
.
.
6001
.
.
".%
9001
...
12001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 83: January 5, 2005 PCV valve V testing results.
- 78 -
.
.
15001
PCV Valve W(500Hz)
16
14
12
10
8
"~--\*
r7'~~~"'s
6
4
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I
S
2
N1,-
0
1
3001
I~
9001
6001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure
[In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM
Figure 84: January 5, 2005 PCV valve W testing results.
- 79 -
T-r
15001
3.0
January 7, 2005
Supply Pressure Calibration - Ruby Orfice
8
7
71WN Na! - -.--6
5
I
E!4
0u
E3
2
1
0o
1. I I I I
1
3001
6001
III
II I II " "
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Figure 85: Test 1 shows steady vibration at peak of approximately 6.7 In. Hg. of pressure.
Supply Vaccum Calibration - Ruby Orfice with Short
Connection
16
14-
12
,
86: Tsre
10
8-
E
> 4
2
0 iiii
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Figure 86: Test 2 shows small vibration at peak vacuum.
80 -
18001
210(
Supply Vacuum Calibration - Ruby Orfice with PCV valve tube
4re,
10
14
12
6
Ic
10
m
-J
E
>6
>4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sc]
Figure 87: Test 3 shows small vibration at peak vacuum.
-
Figure 88: Test 4 shows small vibration at peak vacuum, no jumps in flow rate.
81 -
180( (1
Vacuum Level Calibration - Ruby Orfice with PCV valve
tube/flow rate meter
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
-- --- ---- --- -
0
I1
6001
3001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [11500 sec]
j
~Vacuum
Level [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow Rate [SCFM]
Figure 89: Test 5 shows small vibration at peak vacuum, no jumps in flow rate.
Supply Vaccum Calibration - Filter with Short Connection
o0
7
>4
0
-j
=3
E
1
>2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11500 sec]
Figure 90: Test 6 shows large vibration in vacuum level at peak.
- 82 -
15001
Supply Vaccum Calibration - Filter with PCVvalve tube
8
-
m
7
A\
g
-6
i
I
1
I
ci5
z
-J
E
3 -1
>2
0
FL
.
|
l
r
l
l
1
.
l
.l
l
f
3001
12001
9001
6001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Figure 91: Test 7 shows large vibration in vacuum at peak, though smaller than in short connection.
Vacuum Level Calibration - Filter with short connec./flow rate
meter
b
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
Vacuum Level [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow Rate [SCFM]
Figure 92: Test 8 shows large vibration in vacuum level at peak, no significant jumps in flow rate.
- 83 -
Vacuum Level Calibration - Filter with PCV valve tube/flow rate
meter
6-
5.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
'__~£-2_.:_.:-_
- .
/"
5-
1.
__ ___
t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2
-_
_
3-
0
IE
t'1
L
\
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Vacuum Level [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow Rate [SCFM]
Figure 93: Test 9 shows large vibration in vacuum level at peak, no significant jumps in flow rate.
Comparison of Orifice and Filter - Short Connection
16
14
I
12
_
10
>
8
-J
E 6
>
4
2
0
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
..... Filter
Ruby Orifice
Figure 94: Comparison of the order of magnitude of orifice and filter pressure data. Note that noise
at peak is of the same order of magnitude.
- 84 -
Comparison of Orifice and Filter - Short Connec. - Closeup 1
16
14
d 12
10
'8
E6
.,I
(4
2
0
1
1001
501
Time [1/500 sec]
- ---
Filter
Orifice
Figure 95: Closeup of comparison of the order of manitude of noise at peak for pressure plots of
orifice and filter tests.
- 85 -
4.0
January 10, 2005
4.1 Clear Tube
PCV Valve A
12
10
A
8
6
4
I
2
-,.-
i,-j
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 96: January 10, 2005 PCV valve A clear tube test results.
PCV Valve B
IL
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24( )01
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 97: January 10, 2005 PCV valve B clear tube test results.
- 86-
30001
PCV Valve C
12
10
8
6
JA
4
J
~
~~~
I I.I I
re.
--
J-
18001
21001
~
-.....~~~~~~
^
. .. . .. . .
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
24001
27001
30001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 98: January 10, 2005 PCV valve C clear tube test results.
PCV Valve D
12
10
8
6
4
2
*
0
1
.--
-
--
- --
I
A -~
IIXIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
I
3001
6001
9001
~~~
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001 ~ 30001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure ]In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 99: January 10, 2005 PCV valve D clear tube test results.
- 87 -
PCV Valve E
12
10
8
6
/110.--,RX--__
4
w
^
i
|z|
^W
t
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
15001
12001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Figure 100: January 10, 2005 PCV valve E clear tube test results.
PCV Valve F
12
10
8
6
42
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [11500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 101: January 10, 2005 PCV valve F clear tube test results.
88 -
30001
PCV Valve G
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 102: January 10, 2005 PCV valve G clear tube test results.
PCV Valve H
12
10 ,
8 -
6 -
4
2 -
Figure 103: January 10, 2005 PCV valve H clear tube test results.
0
O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iiEiiiiii
1
3001
3001
6001
6001
9001
9001
12001
12001
15001
15001
18001
18001
21001
21001
24001
24001
27001
27001
Time [11500
[1/500 sec]
Time
-
Pressure
- Pressure [n.
[In. Hg.]
Hg.] --.-.-.
-
Flow
Flow [SCFM]
[SCFM]
Figure 103: January 10, 2005 PCV valve H clear tube test results.
89 -
30001
30001
PCV Valve I
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
30001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 104: January 10, 2005 PCV valve I clear tube test results.
PCVValve J
041
I,
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 105: January 10, 2005 PCV valve J clear tube test results.
90 -
24001
PCV Valve K
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 106: January 10, 2005 PCV valve K clear tube test results.
PCV Valve I
-I
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 107: January 10, 2005 PCV valve I clear tube test results.
91 -
24001
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 108: January 10, 2005 PCV valve M clear tube test results.
PCV Valve N
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 109: January 10, 2005 PCV valve N clear tube test results.
- 92 -
30001
PCV Valve 0
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
6001
:3001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
30001
Tme [1/500 sec]
Pressure[In. Hg.] -
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 110: January 10, 2005 PCV valve O clear tube test results.
PCV Valve P
12
10
8
6
4 2
0
1
:3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 111:January 10, 2005 PCV valve P clear tube test results.
Figure 111: January 10, 2005 PCV valve P clear tube test results.
- 93 -
27001
3000
PCV Valve Q
12
10
f,i
---
8
6
4
2
0 - I eI SI oI nI I I
1
-
6001
3001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
30001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 112: January 10, 2005 PCV valve Q clear tube test results.
PCV Valve R
.1
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
6001
3001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 113: January 10, 2005 PCV valve R clear tube test results.
- 94 -
27001
PCV Valve S
12
10
/0",
8
6
4
r
2
0,-
0
1
--
3001
6001
12001
9001
'. j-
- 15001
- I-
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
I I I
I I I
I I I I I I I I
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
24001
27001
I I I I I I I I I I I I
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 114: January 10, 2005 PCV valve S clear tube test results.
PCV Valve T
Iz
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Figure 115: January 10, 2005 PCV valve T clear tube test results.
- 95 -
24001
3000 1
PCV Valve U
12 -
10-
8-
6
4.
2-
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 116: January 10, 2005 PCV valve U clear tube test results.
PCV Valve V
.11
I
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 117: January 10, 2005 PCV valve V clear tube test results.
- 96 -
30001
PCV Valve W
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 118: January 10, 2005 PCV valve W clear tube test results.
- 97 -
27001
5.0
January 11, 2005
PCV Valve A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
I I I I I I I I I I I I
1
3001
6001
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
me [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 119: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B
12 10
8 -
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [11500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 120: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve B.
98 -
PCV Valve C
12
10
8
0/1-0,
6
I
4
2
I I I I I II II I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I .
0
1
3001
6001
9001
I
12001
I I
I I
15001
I
I
I
I I
I
18001
I
I
I
I
I
I I
21001
I
I
I
I
I
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 121: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D
IL
10 -
Oft""
-//011" ,
8 -
6 -1
4 -
2
O -
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 122: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve D.
99 -
24001
I
I
PCV Valve E
12
10 -
8
6
4
2-
0
1
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 123: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F
12
10-
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 124: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve F.
- 100 -
2700
PCV Valve G
12
10
8
6
4
--
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
n
--
2
0
1
3001
6001
01 1
12001
15001
18001
2100
24001
001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 125: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H
12-
10
8-
6-
42
0
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -...
Flow[SCFM]
Figure 126: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve H.
- 101 -
27001
PCV Valve I
12 -
6 -
4
2-
1
3001
6001
9001
15001
12001
18001
21001
24001
27001
30001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 127: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J
It0
_
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
15001
12001
18001
21001
!4001
2
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
I-
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 128: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve J.
102 -
30001
PCV Valve K
12
10
8
6
4
2
-11
0
I II I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I II II I II I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
30001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 129: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L
to
I
-
~~/
10
8
'Ik
X
6
/
/
0
ek
4
2
X I I IA
01
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure[n. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 130: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve L.
- 103 -
24001
PCV Valve M
12 -
10-
8-
6
4
2 -
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 131: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N
12 -
10
8 -
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 132: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve N.
- 104 -
27001
PCV Valve 0
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 133: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P
12
10
-
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 134: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve P.
- 105 -
21001
30001
PCV Valve Q
12 -
10
8
6
4
2 LJ . ' . a.
K~
X
;
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM] I
Figure 135: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R
.1
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM] i
Figure 136: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve R.
- 106 -
27001
PCV Valve S
12-
10
8
6
4
2
0-
,,
1
-
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
-_ -
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 137: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T
12
6
4
2 -
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 138: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve T.
107 -
27001
PCV Valve U
IZ
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
180(01
24001
21001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -
- - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 139: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V
12
10
rlo"-
8
6
4
2
I- 0
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
1
3001
6001
9001
I I I I I I
15001
12001
18001
I I
Time [11500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 140: January 11, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve V.
- 108-
I
21001
I
PCV Valve W
12
10
8
/
6
-OWAs
.,.E A--
-I
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
24001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 141: January 11 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve W.
109 -
27001
3000'
6.0
January 12, 2005
6.1
Stock PCV Valve Tube
PCV Valve A(Stock Tube)
ILz
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 142: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B(Stock Tube)
14
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [11/500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 143: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve B.
- 110-
1800'
PCV Valve C(Stock Tube)
12
10
W-e=N -W,*,*
8
6
4
2
0
I
1
I I
I
I
I I
3001
I
I
6001
I I
I
I
I I
I
I I
I
9001
I
I I
12001
I
I
I I
,
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 144: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D(Stock Tube)
14
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 Seconds]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 145: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve D.
-111-
I I
I
PCV Valve E(Stock Tube)
,,,
10 -
,Ie
8 -
6 -
42 -
.0/
,11
01
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
''
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 146: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F(Stock Tube)
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 147: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve F.
- 112-
1500 1
PCV Valve G(Stock Tube)
.1,
I -
10
8
6
I-S",
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 148: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H(Stock Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 149: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve H.
- 113-
18001
PCV Valve l(Stock Tube)
12 -
10 -
86 -
4.2-
0
N
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 150: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J(Stock Tube)
14)
10
8
6-
4
2
…--~~~~~
f
0
I
1
t*
**EIII
3001
X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
l
6001
I
Tl
l
l
l
9001
l
lll
Ii
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 151: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve J.
- 114-
PCVValve K(Stock Tube)
12
10
8
/1"',
6
let
4
2
0
1
.
-..
3001
I -
I -
I9001
.......6001
12001
I
-
I 15001
I I
1800 I
Time [1/500 sec]
-- Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFMI
Figure 152: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L(Stock Tube)
12
10
8
-
6
4 -
2
l
0
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 153: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve L.
- 115-
I
PCV Valve M(Stock Tube)
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12(001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 154: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N(Stock Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
I
1
I
I
3001
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
9001
6001
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
12001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 155: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve N.
- 116-
I
15001
PCV Valve O(Stock Tube)
12
10
I "'*N
8
"--N
6
4
---------------
2
0
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 156: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P(Stock Tube)
-L
10
8
6
'el
4
-J/
2
-,
. . . . . .I
0
1
3001
6001
9001
.
. . .
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 157: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve P.
- 117-
I
15001
PCV Valve Q(Stock Tube)
IZ
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
15001
12001
9001
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 158: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R(Stock Tube)
12
-
10 -
86-
42-
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 159: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve R.
- 118-
1500
PCV Valve S(Stock Tube)
12
10
0' ~~~~z-
8
I -0
/\
6
4
2
0
I
1
l
I
l I[
3001
l
l
l
l
I
I
6001
I
I
I
I
I,
I
9001
[
12001
l
l
I
l
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 160: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T(Stock Tube)
IZ
-11
-
10 -
8-
6
4
2
01
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 161: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve T.
- 119-
PCV Valve U(Stock Tube)
l1Z -
10 -
8
//"-I
6-
42-
- - - -
1
I
I
I
I
I
- --- - - - - -- - - - - -I
I I
3001
I
I
I
I
I I
6001
I
I
I
- -- - -
I I
9001
I
I
I
--I --I
I
I
I
I
12001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 162: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V(Stock Tube)
IZ
-
10
86
i
-
-~..-.
4
2
0
- I1
T--
f- - -
I-
- - - - - - - -- I--
-
3001
I --
-
6001
-
-
- -
-
9001
-
-1
- .-
12001
Time [11500 sec]
I
Pressure [n. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 163: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve V.
- 120 -
-
-
15001
PCV Valve W(Stock Tube)
12
10
8-
XX X
6
4
2-
e/ 0(,
vn
1 I
I
I I
-
I I
I 3001
I
I
I
I I
I6001
I I
I
I
I I
9001
I
I
I
I I I
12001
I
I
I
I I I I I
15001
I I
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 164: January 12, 2005 stock PCV tube results for PCV valve W.
6.2
Clear Vinyl Tube
PCV Valve A(Clear Tube)
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 165: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve A.
Figure 165: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve A.
- 121 -
21001
PCV Valve B(Clear Tube)
4A
I .+
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 166: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve B.
PCV Valve C(Clear Tube)
.11>
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 167: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve C.
- 122 -
21001
PCV Valve D(Clear Tube)
12
10
8
6
/-_4
4
2
N
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
3001
1
I
I
I
I
I
6001
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
9001
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
15001
12001
I
I
\x
I
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 168: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve D.
PCV Valve E(Clear Tube)
.1114-
10
-
-"N
8
6
4
Bell -- --
2
0
-.
-`
.01
1
,
-
--
- - - - - - -- - - --
I I I I I
I I I I I I I I I I
3001
6001
9001
-- -
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 169: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve E.
- 123 -
-
18001
PCV Valve F(Clear Tube)
1I
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 170: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve F.
PCV Valve G(Clear Tube)
I,
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 171: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve G.
- 124 -
15001
PCV Valve H(Clear Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 172: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve H.
PCV Valve I(Clear Tube)
-,
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 173: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve I.
- 125 -
12001
PCV Valve J(Clear Tube)
1
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 174: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve J.
PCV Valve K(Clear Tube)
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 175: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve K.
- 126-
12001
PCV Valve L(Clear Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 176: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve L.
PCV Valve M(Clear Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 177: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve M.
- 127-
PCV Valve N(Clear Tube)
12 -
10
8-
6
42-
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure
[In.
j Prssue
[n. Hg.]
g.]- -
--- - --Flow
Flow[SCM]
[SCFM]I
Figure 178: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve N.
PCV Valve O(Clear Tube)
I
-
10 -
8 -
6-
4-
O
a
rr
2-
01
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure[In.
Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
1
Figure 179: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve O.
- 128-
15001
PCV Valve P(Clear Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 180: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve P.
PCV Valve Q(Clear Tube)
1/
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001 1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 181: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve Q.
- 129 -
18001
PCV Valve R(Clear Tube)
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 182: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve R.
PCV Valve S(Clear Tube)
1
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [S CFM]
Figure 183: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve S.
- 130-
PCV Valve T(Clear Tube)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 184: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve T.
PCV Valve U(Clear Tube)
Iz
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 185: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve U.
- 131 -
PCV Valve V(Clear Tube)
I/-
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
1500 I1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 186: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve V.
PCV Valve W(Clear Tube)
12 -
10-
8
6
4
2
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 187: January 12, 2005 clear PCV tube results for PCV valve W.
- 132-
15001
7.0
January 19, 2005
PCV Valve A
14 _
12?- F
-7"-Ns
10
8
I
6
4
---------------------------
2
0
III
1
3001
III
6001
11 III
11 III
9001
II III
'i
11 11 III
I III
11 III
11 III
11 11
12001 15001 18001 21001 24001 27001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
--
Figure 188: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B
A
I.4 ,
Iz
A4
10
8
6
4
2
0
I I I
1
3001
6001
I
I
I
I
I
9001
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
12001
I
I I
I
I
15001
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 189: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve B.
- 133 -
I
I
21001
2400
1
PCV Valve C
14
12
-
10
8
I
6
I
4
2
0
--------------------------I
1
3001
I
I
II
I I I
6001
I
I
II I
I
9001
11,
I
I
I
I
12001
I
I
15001
- -
I
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 190: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D
4A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
15001
10001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 191: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve D.
- 134-
II
I
I
I
· I I
m
I
21001
i
I
PCV Valve E
14
12
10
8
6
---
jb
1 1 11
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
l
i
l
l
i
l
I
'-
-
1
1
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [11500 se c]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow[SCFM]
Figure 192: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F
A
A
'14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
150 D01
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 193: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve F.
- 135-
18001
-
1
PCV Valve G
IIA 12 -
, , ,- , , , -I
10
8
6
4
~~~~~~~~I.
…-
2
0
II
I
1
I I
iI
I
3001
I I
I
I
I
I
6001
I I
I
I
I I
I
Ii
I
I
9001
I I I
I
I
i I
I I I
I
I
12001
I
I
I I I
1
I
15001
I I
I -- II---/
1 I
I
18001
I
I
I
-'~ 1 t -/
21001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 194: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H
14
12
_
10
8
6
4
2
0
It,
I/_
1
I
tI
I
I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I
3001
I
I
I
I
I lI l-tI
6001
LI
I I I I I 7
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 195: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve H.
- 136-
21001
PCV Valve I
14 12-
10
-
8
6
4--
2
2--
--
-- --
- ------------------
0
1
3001
12001 15001 18001 21001 24001 27001
9001
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-
-
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 196: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J
14
12
-4
l
10
8
6
-
4
2
L
Y
0
I
1
I
I
I
I I
I
3001
t
I
I
I
6001
I
I
I
I
I
9001
I
I
I
I
-
12001
-
_--l
I
15001
l
il
l
l
18001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 197: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve J.
- 137-
l
21001
2401)
PCV Valve K
14
12 -
10
.
8
6
4
2T~-
1
l
E
I
3001
6001
9001
I I
II I I
12001
|I 1 I I
I
i
I
I |I I
tI
15001 18001 21001
i II
I 1
24001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-
-
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 198: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
IIIIIIII
1
------------------------I I I
5001
I I I I I
I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
10001
I
15001
I I I I I I I
20001
I
i I I
I I I I I I
25001
'ime [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
- Flow [SCFM]
Flow [SCFM]I
Figure 199: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve L.
- 138-
I I I I I I I
3000
lI
PCV Valve M
14-_
12
-
10-
864-
7-
1
5001
15001
10001
20001
25001
30001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 200: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N
14
12
n1
r
-- - - - - - - - II
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
I
15001
)001
l
I
I
I
I
20001
Time [1/500 sec]
re [In. Hg.]
-
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 201: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve N.
- 139-
2500 1
PCV Valve 0
14
12
10
/."O,
8
6
4
2
0
/,--
II
I
I
I
- - - - - - - - - - --- I
I
I
I
I
I
4001
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
8001
I
I
- - - - - - - ---
I
I
I
i
I
12001
I
I
I
I
I
i
I
A,
I
I
20001
16001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 202: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P
14
12
10
8
F
I
6
4
2
f
0 1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I I
I
I
-
I
-
I II
-
-
I II I
I
_-
I1
l
l I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1
5001
10001
15001
20001
Time [1/500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 203: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve P.
- 140 -
25001
PCV Valve Q
.4
A
-I14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
4001
8001
12001
16001
Time 1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 204: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R
A A
I.F
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
20001
25001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 205: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve R.
- 141 -
30001
PCV Valve S
A
A
14 12 -.-W-
10
-%%.-
0-1-
8
6
4
2
-
0
-
-
I
1
5001
-
I
-
-
I
I
--
I
I
-
-
I
I
-
I
-
I
-
I
I
-
-
I
I
-
I
-
-
I
I
10001
I
-
-
-
I
I
I
-
I
-
I
-
I
I
-
-
I
7
15001
20001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-Flow
[SCFM]
Figure 206: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T
14
1210-
8
6
4_-
1
5001
10001
15001
20001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 207: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve T.
- 142 -
25001
PCV Valve U
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
15001
20001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 208: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
8001
4001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 209: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve V.
- 143 -
12001
PCV Valve W
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
8001
4001
12001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 210: January 19, 2005 test results for PCV valve W.
- 144-
8.0
January 20, 2005
8.1 No Ground
PCV Valve A(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
15001
Time 1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 211: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B(no ground)
4A
I1"
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 212: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve B.
- 145 -
PCV Valve C(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
15001
10001
5001
Time
Pressure
1/500 sect
Flow [SCEM]
[In. Hg.]
2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve C.
January
Figure213:20,
Figure 213: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
15001
10001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
--
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 214: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve D.
- 146 -
PCV Valve E(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 215: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F(no ground)
114
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 216: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve F.
- 147 -
20001
PCV Valve G(no ground)
A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 217: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time 11500 secl
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 218: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve H.
- 148 -
PCV Valve l(no ground)
4A
I,
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
20001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 219: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
Time
15001
1/500 secl
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 220: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve J.
- 149 -
20001
PCV Valve K(no ground)
AA
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
20001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 221: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L(no ground)
14
12 10
6
-j'
42 0
o
1
-
r
~ ~~l
I
II
I
I
I
5001
I
I
I
I
I
I
tI
I
I
I
I
I I
10001
I
I
I
I
Ii1
15001
Time 1/500 secl
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 222: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve L.
- 150 -
tI
PCV Valve M(no ground)
A
I1.
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time 11/500 secl
Pressure [In. Hg.] --- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 223: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N(no ground)
A
ILI. -
..-
12 10 -
/411"
86420-
,
1
I
-j --
--------------------------
-- 7'
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 - I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
5001
I
I
I
I
I
I
10001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 224: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve N.
151 -
PCV Valve O(no ground)
14-
12 10-
86 -
4
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 225: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve 0.
PCV Valve P(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
Time
15001
1/500 sec
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 226: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve P.
- 152 -
PCV Valve Q(no ground)
4A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 227: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 228: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve R.
- 153 -
PCV Valve S(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4
2
0
1
~
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] --- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 229: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
Time
15001
1u/500 seci
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 230: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve T.
- 154 -
PCV Valve U(no ground)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
Time
15001
20001
1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 231: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V(no ground)
I1
'f
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 232: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve V.
- 155 -
20001
PCV Valve W(no ground)
A
A
14 -
12 -
-_
10
8
6
4
2
- ---
0
I
1
I
- -I
I
I
5001
I
I
--I
I
- -I
I
I
- -I
I
I
- - - --I
I
I
I
10001
I
I
- --I
I
I
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 233: January 20, 2005 ungrounded test results for PCV valve W.
8.2
Grounded
PCV Valve A(grounded)
I,
12
10
8
6
4
2
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 234: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve A.
- 156-
20001
PCV Valve B(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 235: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve B.
PCV Valve C(grounded)
4A
1"
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
150 )01
Time [1/500 sec]
L
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 236: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve C.
- 157-
PCV Valve D(grounded)
IA
I,+
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
15001
10001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 237: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve D.
PCV Valve E(grounded)
14 12 -
10
/_
_
8-
64
2
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 238: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve E.
158 -
PCVValve F(grounded)
1A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 239: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve F.
PCV Valve G(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 240: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve G.
- 159-
PCV Valve H(grounded)
I I
I-
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
20001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 241: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve H.
PCV Valve (grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 242: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve I.
- 160 -
PCV Valve J(grounded)
AA
I .
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
1500' 1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 243: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve J.
PCV Valve K(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time 1/500 secl
Pressure [In. Hg.] .
.Flow[SCFM]
Figure 244: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve K.
- 161 -
PCV Valve L(grounded)
A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
2000 Il1
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 245: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve L.
PCV Valve M(grounded)
14 -
10
8
6
2
-
Go
~~~~
_
_
,
~~_.
_.....__
--- .
_
__.
__
....
_
_
_
_!
--
4
Figure 246: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve M.
o~~~~~~,~11
~~~5001
~~5001
10001
10001
15001
15001
Time
Time [11500
[11500sec]
sec]
Pressure
In. Hg.]
- Pressure [In.
Hg.] ....
-
Flow [SCEM]
-Flow
[CM
-
Figure 246: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve M.
- 162 -
2
PCV Valve N(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
10001
5001
15001
200C 1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 247: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve N.
PCV Valve O(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
1
50001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-- - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 248: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve O.
- 163 -
20001
PCV Valve P(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 249: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve P.
PCV Valve Q(grounded)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 250: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve Q.
- 164 -
20001
PCV Valve R(grounded)
A
If
-
12 -
p"
10 -
864
2
- -
0-
I
1
I
I
I
-
I
-
I
I
-
-
I
-
I
I
-
I
-
I
5001
-
I
-
I
-
I
-
I
I
-
-
-
-
-
I
I
I
I
I
-
I
-
I
-
I
-
I
10001
-
I
-
I
-
I
-
I
I
-
-
-=
-
-
I
15001
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 251: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve R.
PCV Valve S(grounded)
-1A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
5001
15 001
10001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 252: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve S.
- 165 -
j
I
20001
Time [1/500 sec]
1
-
I
PCV Valve T(grounded)
14
12
·
_a-
A
.I-
'
--
I
10
8
6
~~~
___.~
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 253: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve T.
PCV Valve U(grounded)
AA
1"4
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
100011
15001
Time [11500 sec]
_=
Pressure[In. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 254: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve U.
- 166 -
PCV Valve V(grounded)
14
-
12
10
8
6
4
2
-
n
I
v
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
. . . . . . . I . . . I . . . . .I .I II
I I
1
-
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I I
I
I
I
-
I
I
5001
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-- I
II II .I .I .I .I .I .I LI -
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 255: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve V.
PCV Valve W(grounded)
HA
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
5001
10001
15001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 256: January 20, 2005 grounded test results for PCV valve W.
- 167 -
9.0
February 4, 2005
PCV Valve A
9
87-
6/
5
4
3
2
d___
-
-
-
--
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/700 sec]
..
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 257: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/700 sec]
l --
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 258: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve B.
- 168 -
21001
PCV Valve C
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 259: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 260: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve D.
- 169 -
21001
PCV Valve E
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 261: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F
98-
-
765-
43-
2-
CJ
_---
---------- l\
1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [11700sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - - Flow [SCFM] I
Figure 262: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve F.
- 170 -
15001
1800 1
PCV Valve G
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
I
I
II
*
*I
I
_I
-
I--
- I --------.-
-I
I
I
I
- …- I
-
0
1
3001
9001
6001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -
- - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 263: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H
n1
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 264: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve H.
- 171 -
-
1It
iii
A
PCV Valve I
n
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
18001
21001
Time [11700sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 265: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
12001
9001
15001
Time [11700 sec]
I|__
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 266: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve J.
- 172 -
18001
PCV Valve K
9
8
i7
=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
6
5
,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4
3
--
2
I
I
_
!
1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_ _
Of
_J --___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
I
I
0
I
I
6001
3001
1
I
I
I
9001
I
12001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure (In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 267: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L
9- _
8-7
-
6-
54-
3-
2-lo~~
- - -
01
3001
i-I
-
- - l6001
9001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 268: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve L.
- 173 -
I
I
I
I
15001
PCV Valve M
n1
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [11700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 269: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N
9
¢
876
5
4
3
2 -
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [11700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 270: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve N.
- 174 -
12001
18001
PCV Valve O
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
15001
Time [11700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 271: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P
0
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 272: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve P.
- 175 -
15001
PCV Valve Q
0
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
0
1
3001
9001
6001
12001
15001
18001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure
[In. Hg.] - --
- Flow SCFM]
Figure 273: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R
8 -
7 -
6
5.
4-
32 -
..0
i
~1
3001
---6001
-,
9001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In.Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 274: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve R.
- 176 -
12001
PCV Valve S
Q1
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [11700sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 275: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T
0
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 276: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve T.
- 177 -
12001
PCV Valve U
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
0
1
3001
6001
9001
12001
Time [1/700 sec]
Pressure
[In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 277: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V
a
U
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
0
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [11700 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 278: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve V.
- 178 -
12001
PCV Valve W
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
6~
.
I
I
I
I
I
I
/_
>
I
_ _I2~---~~
1
3001
6001
9001
Time [1/700 Sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -
--
- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 279: February 4, 2005 test results for PCV valve W.
- 179 -
12001
--
10.0 February 11, 2005
PCV Valve A
16 14 12
10
8
6
04-
~~~1 ~1501
3001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] ---
- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 280: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B
16 14
-
12
108
6-
420
I
-
1
1501
I
I
I
I
I
3001
I
I
4501
Time [11500 sec]
-
Pressure [In. Hg.] ---
- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 281: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve B.
180 -
I
6001
PCV Valve C
16 14 12
10
-
8 6
02-0
I
1
1501
I
3001
I
4501
I v\_
6001
750
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 282: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D
&I_
11
'u
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 283: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve D.
- 181 -
6001
PCV Valve E
4/'-
li0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
6001
7501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 284: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
."/ ------------------------------------------ I I
0
I
1
I
1
1501
I
I
I
I
r
3001
I
I
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 285: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve F.
- 182-
I
1
6001
PCV Valve G
4D1
-0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
600 1
7501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 286: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H
1ua
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
6001
7501
Time [1/500 sec]
I
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 287: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve H.
- 183 -
9001
PCV Valve I
1614 12
10
6-
4
2
1
1501
3001
4501
6001
7501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 288: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve J.
PCV Valve J
16
141210
8
6-
4.
-
I
1
1501
I
]
I
3001
I
I
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 289: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve K.
- 184-
i
6001
9001
PCV Valve K
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 290: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L
16 14
12
10
86-
42
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 291: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve L.
- 185 -
6001
PCV Valve M
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 292: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N
16
-
14
12
zl-
10
8
6
4
2
0
--
I
1
1501
1
I
1
3001
Time [1/500 sec]
I-
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 293: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve N.
- 186 -
PCV Valve 0
16 14
12
10
86
4
2
1
1
o-
-------------
------------------
1501
------
3001
4501
w
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 294: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P
,0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 295: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve P.
- 187-
6001
PCV Valve Q
1
IU
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
to
0
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - --
- Flow [SCFM]
Figure 296: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 297: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve R.
188 -
4501
PCV Valve S
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 298: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T
.1R
lu 14 12 10 8 6 -
42 -
- I- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - -
0-
I
1
I
I
I
I
1501
I
3001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 299: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve T.
- 189-
I
I
4501
PCV Valve U
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
4501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] -
- - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 300: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 301: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve V.
190 -
PCV Valve W
I
.1
I0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1501
3001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 302: February 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve W.
191 -
4501
11.0 February 14, 2005
11.1 Round 1 Testing
PCV Valve A
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001 1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001 5501 6001 6501 7001 7501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 303: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve A
9
8
7
6
0
V
0
0.5
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 304: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve A.
- 192 -
5
PCV Valve B
IA
A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501 1001
1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001 5501 6001 6501 7001 7501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 305: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve B.
PCV Valve B
8
7
6
05
= 4
3
<3
2
I
0
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 306: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve B.
- 193 -
PCV Valve C
. I-0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 307: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve C
9-
87
6-'
..
3
2-
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Frequency
[Hz]
3.5
4
Figure 308: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve C.
- 194-
4.5
5
PCV Valve D
1 d::
,0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501 2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
550'1 6001 6501
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 309: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve D.
PCV Valve D
87 _
6 -A
cG 5
E=
<3
2 1 -
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 310: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve D.
- 195 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve E
-0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1501 2001
1001
2501 3001 3501 4001
4501 5001
55()l
6001
6501
7001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 311: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve E
8
7
0
6
5
C4
3
2
I
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 312: February 14, 2005 test results for PCV valve E.
- 196 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve F
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 313: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve F.
PCV Valve F
58
7
6
4
C4
3
2
I
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
_
Figure 314: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve F.
- 197 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve G
.1I,
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
2001
4001
6001
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 315: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve G
9
8
7
6
*_
C4
3
2
I
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 316: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve G.
198 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve H
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001 1501 2001
2501 3001
3501 4001
4501 5001 5501 6001
6501 7001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 317: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve H.
PCV Valve H
9
8
7
6
a)
=, 5
C4
3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
-
Figure 318: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve H.
199 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve I
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501 1001 1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001 5501 6001 6501 7001 7501 8001 8501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 319: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve I
8
7
6
05
.=-4
10
E
<3
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Frequency
3
3.5
4
[Hz]
Figure 320: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve I.
- 200 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve J
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501 1001 1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001 5501 6001 6501 7001 7501 8001
Time [1/500 sec]
I--
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 321: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve J.
PCV Valve J
9
8
7
6
0= 5
'0.d
4
3
2
1
0r
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 322: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve J.
- 201 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve K
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM] I
Figure 323: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve K
9
8
7
6
la
=, 5
a4
3
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 324: February 14,2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve K.
202 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve L
14 12
10
8
6
4
20
1---i…
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
i
3001
…
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 325: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve L.
PCV Valve L
8
-
7
6
05
E
1:1 -- -
X
0
0.5
I
I
1
1.5
I
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 326: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve L.
- 203 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve M
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001 1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001 5501 6001 6501 7001 7501
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [in. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 327: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve M
9
8
7
6
*,
5
4
3
2
0
0o
IIII IIIII
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 328: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve M.
204 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve N
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 329: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve N.
PCV Valve N
12
10
8
0.
6
E
4
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 330: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve N.
- 205 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve 0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
501
1
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 331: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve 0
10
9
8
7
la
6
='
5
E
4
3
2
1
iXF
0
0
I
I
0.5
1
I
I
1.5
I
I
I
T
I
I
-
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
I
I
I
I
I
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 332: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve O.
- 206 -
I
PCV Valve P
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-
---
1
501
1001
-----------------------------I
I
I
I
I
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
1
-71L
4001
4501
i------------ r5001
5501
4.5
5
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 333: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve P.
PCV Valve P
1U
9
8
7
.
,,6
4
3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 334: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve P.
- 207 -
PCV Valve Q
0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4 501
5001
5501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
I|
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM] I
Figure 335: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve Q
10
9
i
8
7
06
E
4
3
2
1
"Ij
0
0
0.5
-
,
1
I
1.5
I
2
I
2.5
I
I
I
I
I
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 336: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve Q.
- 208 -
PCV Valve R
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
_
Figure 337: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve R.
PCV Valve R
IU
9
8
7
0
6
4
3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 338: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve R.
- 209 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve S
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
4001
3501
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 339: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve S
9
8
7
6
la =5
C4
3
2
0
0
1
0.5
1.5
2
2.5
Frequency
3
3.5
4
Hz]
Figure 340: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve S.
-210 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve T
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
501
1
1001
1501
2501
2001
3001
3501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 341: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve T.
PCV Valve T
5)
II
V
Q
il
E:
I
0
I-I
0.5
1
III
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 342: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve T.
-211 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve U
114
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 343: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve U
10
9
8
7
0
'a
6
5
4
3
2
1
IIII
III
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 344: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve U.
-212 -
I
I
4.5
5
PCV Valve V
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
Time [1/500 sc]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 345: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve V.
PCV Valve V
7
6
05
=4
E
<3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 346: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve V.
-213 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve W
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 347: February 14, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve W.
PCV Valve W
12
10
8
6
E
.
4
2
0
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 348: February 14, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve W.
214 -
5
11.2 Round 2 Testing
PCV Valve A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 349: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B
1210 8-
6
4
2-
01
501
1001
1501
2001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 350: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve B.
-215 -
PCV Valve C
12
10
8
6
I
4
2
i
0 I
501
1
I
1501
1001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 351: February 14,2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D
12-
10
86 -
4 2
1
501
1001
1501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 352: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve D.
- 216 -
PCV Valve E
12
10
8
6
1 _0
4
2
0
1
1001
501
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 353: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F
1)
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 354: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve F.
-217 -
1501
PCV Valve G
a'.,
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 355: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H
.4
I'
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 356: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve H.
Figure 356: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve H.
-218 -
2001
PCV Valve I
12
10
8
6
4
r
I
2
1 -
0
1
V
1001
501
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 357: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J
..n1
I
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 358: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve J.
-219 -
1501
PCV Valve K
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 359: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve K
PCV Valve L
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
Time [11500sec]
I___
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 360: February 14,2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve L.
- 220 -
PCV Valve M
14
12
7
10
8
6
I
4
2
0 I
1
.
I
I
I
I
I
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 361: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 362: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve N.
- 221 -
PCV Valve 0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
501
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 363: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P
IZ
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 364: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve P.
- 222 -
PCV Valve Q
12
10
8
6
4
2
I0
I
1
1501
1001
501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 365: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 366: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve R.
- 223 -
1501
PCV Valve S
I
419
d
-
10 8 6 -
4-
'i
20-j
I
1
501
I
I
1001
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 367: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T
12
10
8
6
~
4
~
2-/l
0
I
1
501
I
1001
1501
2001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 368: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve T.
- 224 -
PCV Valve U
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 369: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
15 01
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 370: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve V.
- 225 -
PCV Valve W
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 371: February 14, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve W.
- 226 -
1501
12.0 February 15, 2005
12.1
Round 1 Testing
PCV Valve A
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow[SCFM]
Figure 372: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve B
I0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 373: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve B.
- 227 -
5501
550
PCV Valve C
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
4001
3501
4501
5001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 374: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve D
16 14 -
12 10
864
2
-
1
501
1001
-
1501
--
-
-
-...
2001
--..
-
2501
-....
3001
-
-
.
3501
-
4001
-
-
--
4501
-
-
5001
-
5501
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 375: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve D.
- 228 -
6001
PCV Valve E
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 376: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve F
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501 2001 2501
3001 3501
4001 4501
5001
5501
6001 6501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 377: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve F.
- 229 -
7001
PCV Valve G
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 378: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve H
1614 -
12=
10
6-
4
0L
1
501
-------1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 379: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve H.
- 230 -
7001
7501
PCV Valve I
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
n
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 380: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve J
16 14 12 10
-
8
-
6
4
2
-
-
-
…
-
-
.-
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure[In.Hg.]- - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 381: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve J.
- 231 -
6001
PCV Valve K
16
14
12
/
10
-…
8
6
4
2
0
1
__
_
_~~~~ __ _I_- I I Ihe
501
1001
1501
2001
3 )01
2501
3501
4001
4501
5001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 382: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve K.
PCV Valve L
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 383: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve L.
- 232 -
5501
6001
PCV Valve M
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 384: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve M.
PCV Valve N
16
141210
8-
\
6
42
- -
--- - -------
I ----------
0
1
501
1001 1501 2001
2501 3001 3501 4001
4501 5001 5501 6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 385: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve N.
- 233 -
6501 7001
PCV Valve 0
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
--- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -11
0
1
501
1001 1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001 5501 6001 6501 7001 7501 8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 386: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve O.
PCV Valve P
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001 1501 2001 2501
3001 3501 4001 4501
5001 5501 6001 6501 7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 387: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve P.
- 234 -
PCV Valve Q
16 --
12
10
8
6
4
20_
1
~- -…---…---
I
501
1001
1501
-
-
2001
---
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
6501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 388: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve R
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
Figure 389: February 15, 2005 round
- 235 -
- -
- -
Flow [SCFMI
test results for PCV valve R.
5001
5501
PCV Valve S
I0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
5501
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
650
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 390: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve S.
PCV Valve T
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 391: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve T.
- 236 -
5001
PCV Valve U
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
L -- ,
2
-, -------------------------------
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
5001
1
501
1001
5501
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 392: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve V
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
501
1001
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
4001
4501
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 393: February
15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve V.
- 237 -
5001
5501
PCV Valve W
16
14
12
10
8
6
i
4
-- -------------------------------
2
0
1
501
1001
I
I
I
I
I
1501
2001
2501
3001
3501
I
4001
4501
5001
5501
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 394: February 15, 2005 round 1 test results for PCV valve W.
12.2 Round 2 Testing
PCV Valve A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [111000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 395: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve A.
- 238 -
3001
PCV Valve B
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 396: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve B.
PCV Valve C
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sc]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 397: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve C.
- 239 -
PCV Valve D
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [111000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 398: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve D.
PCV Valve E
do
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [111000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 399: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve E.
- 240 -
PCV Valve F
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1001
1
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
-
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 400: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve F.
PCV Valve G
1 -1+
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
21001
Time [1/1000 sc]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 401: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve G.
- 241 -
PCV Valve H
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [111000sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 402: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve H.
PCV Valve I
don
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [111000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 403: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve I.
- 242 -
PCV Valve J
14
12
10
8
6
1001
2001
3001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 404: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve J.
PCV Valve K
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 405: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve K.
- 243 -
PCV Valve L
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 406: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve L.
PCV Valve M
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
2001
1001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] --
- - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 407: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve M.
- 244 -
PCV Valve N
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 408: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve N.
PCV Valve 0
Iz
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 409: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve O.
- 245 -
PCV Valve P
14 -
12 -
1001
86-
2001
4-
0
-
1
-
-
-
- -
-
-
-
---
----
1001
2001
Time [111000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM] 1
Figure 410: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve P.
PCV Valve Q
I,
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 411: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve Q.
- 246 -
PCV Valve R
14
12
10
8
6
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 412: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve R.
PCV Valve S
12 -
1001
~
46
o
-
___~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~__,-,
___
....
2001
2
0…--~~~~"
----
1
-
-- -
1001
I
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
I
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM] j
Figure 413: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve S.
- 247 -
PCV Valve T
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time 111000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 414: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve T.
PCV Valve U
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2 001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow SCFM]
Figure 415: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve U.
- 248 -
PCV Valve V
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1001
1
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 416: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve V.
PCV Valve W
19
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
Time [1/1000 sec]
Pressue [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 417: February 15, 2005 round 2 test results for PCV valve W.
- 249 -
13.0 March 4, 2005
Test 3
13.1
PCV Valve A: Air Supply Applied (Crank-Lever)
0
_04
,
I
-0-101
iI
I
2001
I
I
I
3001
I
4001
I
i
i
iE
Ii..
5001
60
-1
-2
-3.-
a.
-5-
-6Time
[1/500 secTime [11500sec]
Figure 418: March 4, 2005 air supply noise testing using crank-lever, using PCV valve A.
PCV Valve E: Air Supply Applied (Crank-Lever)
0
101
2001
3001
4001
5001
17
-1
-2
.
0
-6-7
Time [1/500 sec]
Figure 419: March 4, 2005 air supply noise testing using crank-lever, using PCV valve E.
- 250 -
01
PCV Valve : Air Supply Applied (Crank-Lever)
0
-
ool
<1
.
. .
~2001
.
.
3001
.
.
.
4001
.
l
l
5001
l
l
6001
f70
-1
-2
0)
0
-3
-4
0
-5
-6
-7
Time [1/500 sc]
Figure 420: March 4, 2005 air supply noise testing using crank-lever, using PCV valve I.
PCV Valve 0: Air Supply Applied (Crank-Lever)
n1
U
-1
-2
x0) -3
-7
0
U)- 4
0
-5
-6
-7
I
Time [11500 sec]
Figure 421: March 4, 2005 air supply noise testing using crank-lever, using PCV valve O.
- 251 -
PCV Valve U: Air Supply Applied (Crank-Lever)
0
_I
I
I
l
. 100
I
2001
I
i
3001
I
I
4001
I
I
5001
I
I
6001
I
7
-1
-2
I0
-3
1i
G
-4
U
t~~~~
"
00
--_ ___--__
11 0 I
fW{I---.,
IL
-5
-6
-7
Time [1/500 sec]
Figure 422: March 4, 2005 air supply noise testing using crank-lever, using PCV valve U.
13.2 Test 4
PCV Valve A: 1-Channel Vacuum Generator
5.5
4.5
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
Time [1/500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 423: March 4, 2005 1-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve A.
- 252 -
PCV Valve E: 1-Channel Vacuum Generator
5.5
4.5
0....
3.5
~~~%
r
2.5
.
. -
-
.
-
-
........
_
. -I
,
1.5
0.5
30hI I
3001
-0.5
00I
4001
10In017I 01
5i01
01
Inn I
6001
I
7001
snnj
O0
SOQ1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [n. Hg.]
---
Flow [SCFM]
-
Figure 424: March 4, 2005 1-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve E.
PCV Valve 1:1-Channel Vacuum Generator
5.5 4.5 3.5 2.5 -
1.5 -
-0.5 -0.5
i
nn1
2001
3001
4001
600
1
7n1800
8nQ1
1 n1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- --
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 425: March 4, 2005 1-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve I.
- 253 -
100
PCV Valve 0: 1-Channel Vacuum Generator
Z4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-n
1
;
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 426: March 4, 2005 1-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve O.
PCV Valve U: 1-Channel Vacuum Generator
6.5
5.5
4.5
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
1
I0
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
9001
10001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 427: March 4, 2005 1-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve U.
- 254 -
13.3
Test 5
PCV Valve A: 2-Channel Vacuum Generator
Ad
I
~'
.3
9.5
7.5
5.5
3.5
1.5
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 428: March 4, 2005 2-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve A.
PCV Valve E: 2-Channel Vacuum Generator
11.5 -
9.5
-
7.5
5.5
3.5
1.5
-0.5
1
"
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 429: March 4, 2005 2-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve E.
- 255 -
PCV Valve : 2-Channel Vacuum Generator
41
_
9.5
7.5
5.5
3.5
1.5
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 430: March 4, 2005 2-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve I.
PCV Valve 0: 2-Channel Vacuum Generator
11
r
R
9.5
7.5
5.5
3.5
1.5
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 431: March 4, 2005 2-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve O.
- 256 -
PCV Valve U: 2-Channel Vacuum Generator
11
I I.i.
9.5
7.5
5.5
3.5
1.5
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 432: March 4, 2005 2-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve U.
13.4 Test 6
PCV Valve A: 3-Channel Vacuum Generator
8.57.5
wl-
6.55.5-
4.5-
3.5-2.5
…-
1.5
-
-0.5.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I
i
I
1001
2001
I
~
3001
I
I
4001
I.
I_
5001
B6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 433: March 4, 2005 3-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve A.
- 257 -
PCV Valve E: 3-Channel Vacuum Generator
8.5
7.5 -
6.5-
7.5
~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~~
_---_,__'-_-
5.5-
4.53.5
2.5
1.5
--
-
-
_
_
_
0.5-0.5
lUl1
1
2UU1
3001
4U01
5U0U1 600UU 1 o
80U1
90 1
10Uu1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure
[In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 434: March 4, 2005 3-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve E.
Figure 435: March 4, 2005 3-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve I.
- 258 -
110
PCV Valve 0: 3-Channel Vacuum Generator
8.5
7.5
6.5
5.5
5
4.5
3.5
2.5
1.5
/
0.5
-05
I./a -
I
1
I
2UU1
I
I
------
I
-
tUUI
I
I
4UU1
I
- ----
I
-
UU1
I
------
I
-
bUU1
I
-----
I
-
7UU1
------
"
-
UUU1
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 436: March 4, 2005 3-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve O.
PCV Valve U: 3-Channel Vacuum Generator
8.5
7.5
6.5
5.5
4.5
3.5
2.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
- - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 437: March 4, 2005 3-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve U.
- 259 -
YUU1
13.5 Test 7
PCV Valve A: 4-Channel Vacuum Generator
2.5
2
1.5
if
1
A\1
120 3 4
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
{e
I
/}\
0.5
0
I
0
.1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]-
- - -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 438: March 4, 2005 4-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve A.
Valve E: 4-Channel Vacuum Generator
2.5
2
1.5
0
0.5
0
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 439: March 4, 2005 4-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve E.
- 260 -
9001
Valve : 4-Channel Vacuum Generator
2.5
2
1.5
1
U.b
0
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [n. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 440: March 4, 2005 4-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve I.
Valve 0: 4-Channel Vacuum Generator
2.5
2
1.5
0
0.5
0
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 441: March 4, 2005 4-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve O.
- 261 -
Valve U: 4-Channel Vacuum Generator
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow SCFM
Figure 442: March 4, 2005 4-channel vacuum generator test using PCV valve U.
- 262 -
14.0 March 11, 2005
PCV Valve A
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
'~
~ ~~
-
, -
-'-
~
B-
--
--
.
"'
- I
-
X
Ii
0 1
1001
20
31
410
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
6001
5001
7
8
900
7001
8001
9001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
-
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 443: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve A
I,
0
5
a)
4
.=-3
E
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
_
Figure 444: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve A.
- 263 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve B
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 445: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve B.
PCV Valve B
0
5
4
=3
C.
E
2
I
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 446: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve B.
- 264 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve C
14
12
10
8
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
_
6
4
2
--
.
X
\
v
0
1001
1001
1
e
.
2001
2001
3001
4001
5001
7001
6001
7001
8001
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 447: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve C.
PCV Valve C
7
6
a,
V
4
4E
3
2
1
0
0
I
I
0.5
1
I
I
1.5
2
I
2.5
II
3
3.5
I
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 448: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve C.
- 265 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve D
14
12
10
8
-
6
4
2
-f
0
i i
1
---
-
i
i
1001
- 40
I
Ii1
2001
I
I
3001 Tm1
I
I
4001
70
600
5
I
I
5001
I
% -
I
6001
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 449: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve D.
PCV Valve D
0
5
0
4
=. 3
E
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 450: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve D.
- 266 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve E
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
9001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 451: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve E.
PCV Valve E
0
5
0
.
=
E
4
3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 452: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve E.
- 267 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve F
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- - -
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 453: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve F.
PCV Valve F
A C
4
3.5
3
= 2.5
0.2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 454: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve F.
- 268 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve G
14
12
/
~~~i.-
--
10
8
6
4
i
A--I--XIIIX
2
~II
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 455: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve G.
PCV Valve G
0
5
0
4
.
=,3
E
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 456: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve G.
- 269 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve H
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1001
1
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
9001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
- -
- -
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 457: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve H.
PCV Valve H
6
5
4
E 3
2
I
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 458: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve H.
- 270 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve I
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 459: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve I
,,
l
6
5
0
4
E
65
2
I
0
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Frequency
[Hz]
I
3.5
Figure 460: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve I.
- 271 -
I
4
1
4.5
5
PCV Valve J
AI
I,+
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 461: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve J.
PCV Valve J
7
6
'I)
5
4
0.
4-
E
3
2
1
0
0
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 462: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve J.
- 272 -
5
PCV Valve K
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
I
1
1001
I
I
2001
I
I
3001
I
I
4001
I
I
5001
I
I
I
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow [SCFM]
Figure 463: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve K.
Figure 464: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve K.
- 273 -
I
7001
i
i
8001
PCV Valve L
I A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure465: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve L.
Figure 465: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve L.
PCV Valve L
8
7
6
05
=4
0.
E
<3
2
I
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 466: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve L.
- 274 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve M
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 467: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve M.
Figure 468: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve M.
275 -
7001
PCV Valve N
4A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
600'1
7001
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 469: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve N.
PCV Valve N
7
6-
5
(D
.3-
E 32
1-
\
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Frequency
[Hz]
3.5
4
Figure 470: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve N.
- 276 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve 0
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0o
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 471: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve O.
Figure 472: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve O.
- 277 -
8001
PCV Valve P
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
3001
2001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
9001
10001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
--
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 473: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve P.
PCV Valve P
5
0
4
=3
E
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 474: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve P.
- 278 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve Q
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
6001
5001
7001
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 475: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve Q.
PCV Valve Q
Q1
0
7
6
05
4
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 476: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve Q.
279 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve R
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
I-I-I
-
/
1001
1
I
/
2001
-
-I-
i
4001
3001
i
5001
x
6001
i
I
7001
I
I
8001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 477: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve R.
PCV Valve R
7
6
5
V
4
E 3
2
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Frequency
[Hz]
3.5
4
Figure 478: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve R.
- 280 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve S
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
9001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] ---~~~~~~~~~~~~lw[CM
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 479: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve S.
5
Figure 480: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve S.
- 281 -
PCV Valve T
4A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
8001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 481: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve T.
PCV Valve T
7-
65 -
704
E
3
21-
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 482: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve T.
- 282 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve U
IA
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
61001
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 483: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve U.
PCV Valve U
I
6
5
0
E
3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 484: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve U.
283 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve V
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
i
-
I
0
1
I
1001
I
2001
I
-
-
I
---
I
3001
I
4001
I
6001
5001
I
7001
I
8001
Time [11500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow SCFM]
Figure 485: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve V.
PCV Valve V
O
0
7
6
w5
=4
E
3
2
1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 486: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve V.
- 284 -
4.5
5
PCV Valve W
H1A
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
7001
Time [1/500 sec]
Pressure [In. Hg.]
---
-
Flow [SCFM]
Figure 487: March 11, 2005 test results for PCV valve W.
PCV Valve W
8
7
6
05
=4
a
<- 3
2
1
0
0o
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1!
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Frequency [Hz]
Figure 488: March 11, 2005 FFT analysis for PCV valve W.
285 -
15.0 March 14, 2005
PCV Valve A Test
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
- ---
0
I
1
1001
2001
I
I
3001
I
---
..
I
I/
4001
I
- _I
6001
5001
I
I
I
7001
I
IH
8001
Time [11500sec]
Pressure[In. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 489: March 14, 2005 test results for PCV valve A.
PCV Valve E
IMA
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
Time [1/500sc]
Pressure[In. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 490: March 14, 2005 test results for PCV valve E.
- 286 -
I
"
9001
6001
7
-
PCV Valve I
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
Time [1/500sec]
Pressure[In. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 491: March 14, 2005 test results for PCV valve I.
PCV Valve 0
1AI
I-,
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-9
Time [11500sec]
Pressure[In. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 492: March 14, 2005 test results for PCV valve O.
- 287 -
7001
8001
PCV Valve U
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1
1001
2001
3001
4001
5001
6001
Time [1/500 sec]
[
Pressure [In. Hg.] - - - - Flow[SCFM]
Figure 493: March 14, 2005 test results for PCV valve U.
- 288 -
7001
8001
*K4
).
_.
3f1
Appendix I1:General Procedure for FFT Analysis in Excel
,= :
I
i
-VI-
- -4,
4
Q
11
M
W
w
d
,iF,4,
A -:OpmCg
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-
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-
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la
wO
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'' t~
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^ ;_s
,
,
.
I
.
I
'.
,
- "-
0119
Q
6.
PCVVOOOV
,
;. ..
w ^
I
F
-
117-I, T
Q
osl
I
Q..F
o
a-.S
-Il
t
''W, ^
ntl-st i _. .'
."
f" i- O.;,
A~
rS4"
At
n
.
-
-
1
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F__
A7
:
-
I_
\.
1
" "
"
I.
L , I .
Y
4M..-
aim
.e
,U.
,
-
Step 4: Highlight the pressure trace to be
- 289 -
nalyzed.
.x
i
%
5% C W
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.
)~
:~
-~~~~~~~~Pmv
s
.a ws
~M
^.
|
sw.4S,
.
.~-0n
i
*
.
.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.
s .-
ft-,q~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
,.'
.
b ig
' .V'
' AO^
Step 2: Click on Tools, then select Data Analysis.
- 290 -
-
'
'
'
i-'
Al
*
-am
...'. .. .~~~
-1
Step 3: Select Fourier Analysis from the pop-up window, then click on OK.
- 291 -
I
e
X
At.
AX&!:I
*
I
S-GMD
A
A.
_
Cl
a-
,
T
-
I
r
,
,
,
,
,
,
e
,
'
'
t
i
.
.
!
-
I
,
,
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,
6
,
,
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,
4
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-t-
;
.
.
.
*
I
4
41
44
-t
44'
4
44
4*
4
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4>
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4
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4'
!
4
I 4AA
ZjI"
:
.
.
;
'
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>
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'2
.
I
An
:
'
:
.
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[
,
S
g
;
t
.
,
.
.
.
r s
I
a
.\m*U*
O
JQ
S
4k?.A
?
'4
.7VCVT 7 777.7TTTCT777?2TIV,
4*4
i ^.& ' a.eI
R* I a 1 1 1 t 3 E f l
Step 4: The cells highlighted in step 1 must correspond to the cells shown in the input range. Make
any corrections that may be necessary.
- 292 -
et N 5dH-
ywtln
J -,AS?
-)- W- it S
-MsI
"r
Y
n
-tW",\
>
A
Is'
a
-- a n.
e
- 5 h u u s% P it -A .
t
t.
n*rtwLI,&tLWYLtLw7UiirIs
%M=M4qfi
14t,
em
xIs
Step 5: Insert a new row above the output cells generated by the FFT function. Label Column 1
"FFT Raw."
- 293 -
....II .
,I
'1-Il-........
4
-222
1
3MMW2044141
;14
in4 640014
jjj
t 30204M02
377277L."".00
11LII7I-mlT2:i2'2!!*1.774,131
24103 21.4604
-'M2
D4
ont -'4a'cw
fl.4*,/!l1.20i4.:ntss
3.m247I
...
.__a.... 4..222
iflt6~si
rW.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Step 6: Create a new column, labeled "Frequency [-z]," in Column B. Cell B2 should be equal to
zero, and every cell below it should be equal to the cell above it plus (Sampling Frequency)/(total
number of samples).
- 294 -
pie
St
*
Mr
Fw
l01
fa
'W
~,'bi.X .. a:. -. , .; ;
am
A-P-
3
2401J2?17m11&+~s~ L.MI
I
-
4we
AIWO
: ....
.....2' i ri .-c-' ..........
IIl'T
... - - .
C
;'..........
-.- -
/+ 'M - e- ...........
:-,
, ,
k - - -
z
.*. - ' .
IC
t
........I
...
- . . 15
...i ,
...
. l,- .
. ........
-
-
.
7-..
r.
. 1:1.--
.........
....
w...
-
.. ,
AZIMIE
,,.s~ sas 4,"U
j"MI
A 32.M2§1132
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b7trns
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tj ¶n.a3mnsnw~r
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7
0*71.
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2. Cr853111*15
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1484407J;3
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tSS. s 7%MnS
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4419
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~
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0
tfllflz<J
lbirs.
iisWsRfl
i..*tsS,
_* .samples.
1*p00
r
.
.
-P
.'
.
;.
-'s'
y
the iiIMABS
function of the corresponding FFT Raw output divided by half the total number of
=
.strr
'&4
ZI
-.
=
-'
~ S5*~
'* ' s a -~jjf
tiJ
Step 7: Create
column, labeled
labeled "IMABS,"1
"IMABS," in Column
Column C.
C. Each
cell in
in this
this column
column should
equal
Step
Create aa new column,
Each cell
should equal
the IMABS function of the corresponding FFT Raw output divided by half the total number of
samples.
- 295 -
:0
a
69s#V
'IMenj PL" st
48
%Amw
w
Un
Ioe II
SI
J wAJr
"- i.
.
.
Q
- IIX IaaS
PU
.; i_;;
.
C
#9
'O
1
--
.4
1
~
"
I
Y
- -
"
-1...
1 ..
-
.
.
S ,
-1 , "
N
.
.
'..
s
. ,, -
.
4, i
-
ak..A.i
7
:W )
" '. I ".', .jl- ,
.
is:v
W
. . .': - - '
.
,'
~~'' '
.
'' - .' ' . '
.
- ' , . --1
Step 8: Highlight half of the total cells in Columns B and C (Frequency and IMABS corrected FFT).
Click on Insert, and select Chart.
- 296 -
"i"
WWW"O"W
V £l. to
b-
q
1.
M
r.S
_
'.1-91-1-1-1>
,~V~
,. ~ ~ i- -
k
Q.
'-
p
r.;
I
:.
-
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...
aI .
.
F,
.
. ..q.. .
-.
_
*a
.
-
-
..-. .- A - - L- A -'- - I:.1
... .
.........
&.
- L -K .
4,'
. _L
I 4
'
~~'
.A
A--
-
7
-A
-%..t
1
!*
A...
. I
-M. 4 Ao w \ 'o C4Q 4
'
F----l i
t .fl
O
t
q*j
<IS5AAdO fla
*
7<
RA 'N $I '
~1|
Step 9: Make sure the Data Range consists of half of the cells. In that case of 4096 samples, this
would correspond to rows 2 through 2049.
- 297 -
x
*A.
1-
I A Q
I
-Ad*
................
..........
...................
........--....................
.........
. ..............-...........
. . .........
..............
.........
- -----------------..............
..---- ---------------..............
Amel.ZW-
-
ti
It
' W
Step 10:
i
+
C't"
-:
;'^
bWP
'.. 4
|
"w
t
.
.2
..
-
~A.Z.B
a<-tin U
v
Z
X
s
v
.......--.........
11
............
---- Ii
a.
Jr * e Ad
X Adjust
and Y axis to show desired data range. Modify appearance as necessary.
Step 10: Adjust X and Y axis to show desired data range. Modify appearance as necessary.
- 298 -