1: Are grants, fellowships, or other financial support expected during the sabbatical
leave? Please specify.
Yes, I’ve applied for a U.S. Fulbright Scholars program. A decision on U.S. Scholars Fulbright
Program should be made by March 2013.
I will also apply for grants from the Padnos International Center Internationalization Grant due
February 2013 and the Center for Scholarly and Creative Excellence Research Grant in Aid
funding due October 2013 for awards Nov 2013 to Oct 2014.
2: Is acceptance of a sabbatical award dependent on your receiving some additional
support? Please specify.
No. While I have applied for Fulbright Award 3138 Austria (See Appendix A), Dr. Reinhard
Heinisch, Endowed Chair, Department of Political Science, University of Salzburg has agreed to
coordinate/supervise my sabbatical as a visiting scholar at the University of Salzburg should I
not be awarded the Fulbright award.
3: Where will the sabbatical work be done?
University of Salzburg, Austria.
4: Descriptive title of your project
U.S. Fulbright Scholar Program: Award Number 3138 American Studies, Austria or Visiting
Scholar at the University of Salzburg. Project Title: Building a Sustainability Strategy in a
Knowledge Economy Age: Comparative Lessons from Austria and the United States.
5: Goals and Objectives
I am submitting this sabbatical application after applying summer 2012 (August 1 submission
and deadline) to be a Fulbright Scholar for the American Studies Award #3138, teaching and
research at the University of Salzburg in Winter/Spring 2014. My previous international
experiences have served me well to maximize the opportunities for new capabilities for teaching
and research in Austria. The overarching goals of this sabbatical would be to infuse European
perspectives in my teaching and extend my research on sustainability to include both Austrian
and European models.
Goal 1: To enhance the international components and perspectives in my teaching and
further development cross-cultural competencies:
My host sponsor is interested in having me teach subnational comparative government. If
selected as a Fulbright Scholar, I will be required to teach two courses over the winter 2014
semester. Teaching European students would be a great opportunity to engage Austrians who are
very used to strong central government with an alternative model of decentralized federalism of
the U.S. model. The benefit would be mutual as I learn more about the European and Austrian
models of local government and economic development.
Goal 2: To expand my knowledge and international perspectives on Sustainable
Development:
New capabilities for research include new research on Austrian and European sustainability. My
host, Dr. Reinhard Heinisch is not only Chair of his department but a research fellow in the
Center for European Studies and will facilitate my involvement with other European scholars.
While my international teaching and research has been extensive, it so far has focused on the
United Kingdom and Australia. Teaching and research in Continental Europe will build and
enlarge upon those experiences. As I have increasing become involved in Sustainability at Grand
Valley and West Michigan, a semester study in comparative sustainability promises to increase
my leadership and professional capabilities in those areas. My continued development and
improvement in this area of expertise would be especially beneficial to the School of Public,
Nonprofit and Health Administration as we launch a new Sustainability Certificate Program, to
my students and my profession.
6: Evidence of preparation
On August 1, 2012 I submitted a project statement for the Fulbright Scholar Program, Award
#3138 American Studies, teaching and research in the Republic of Austria at the University of
Salzburg from which this narrative is drawn. I have a great deal of international teaching and
research experience but none related to continental Europe. During my 18 years at Grand Valley
State University, I have directed and coordinated nine separate study abroad programs. In 1999, I
created a new program, Public Affairs and Planning at Macquarie University, Sydney Australia
and led the program five times, while recruiting and assisting Criminal Justice Professor’s Dr.
Kristine Mullendore and Dr. Patrick Gerkin for four study programs. I have also led four
programs in England including London Urbanization at Kingston University.
I have been invited by Dr. Reinhard Heinisch, endowed chair at the University of Salzburg in the
Department of Political Science. Dr. Heinisch also spent more than 16 years at an American
University, the University of Pittsburgh and is uniquely qualified to fully understand
US/Austrian relationships. He has agreed to help facilitate my teaching and research if I am
selected as a Fulbright Scholar at the University of Salzburg (see attached letter of invitation
Appendix A) and has invited me as a visiting scholar for Winter 2014 if not selected as a
Fulbright recipient.
The School of Public, Nonprofit and Health Administration (SPNHA) is a large program at
Grand Valley State University, with more than 250 master’s students and 200 undergraduates in
multiple degree programs. A Fulbright Scholar award would be of great benefit for my School
and the College of Community and Public Service as we are working to internationalize our
curriculum and course content. Austria provides a stunning example of a parliamentary
representative democracy that stands in stark contrast to many US policies. The amount of state--­‐run enterprises, strong central planning tendencies and integration with the European Union
(EU) would provide a great comparative study of the new economy which has been a recent
scholarly focus of mine. An opportunity for full immersion into a European system at the
University of Salzburg, Austria would enhance my teaching of urban studies, economic and
community development and public affairs. In addition, my scholarly focus of subnational
government, federalism, state and local politics and administration would provide Austrian
students unique perspectives on the American system of subnational government that would
extend well beyond the traditional nation---­‐state comparisons.
My experience working at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia and Kingston University
in London, England provides me invaluable experience in teaching and research in a foreign
university setting. In both cases, I quickly made friends and collegial associations with faculty on
those campuses; extended my research to include a comparative focus that encompassed the host
countries I have visited. Based on those international themes, note the nearly dozen scholarly
presentations that I have given at professional conferences that have incorporated international
themes. My current focus on comparative planning systems, economic development strategies
geared towards the new economy, immigration and multicultural policies, heritage planning and
sustainability would integrate well at the University of Salzburg, Austria, providing interesting
contrasts to U.S. policy. As a Fulbright recipient, I would teach two courses in American studies,
with a focus on American urban history, subnational government, federalism, urban planning,
new economy approaches and regeneration of old economy cities. I have no doubt that I can
provide lively and relevant coursework for Austrian students, whose experience with U.S. policy
probably does not extend much beyond exposure to U.S. national government and big cities such
as New York, Los Angeles and Chicago.
Teaching:
In 1985, my teacher training first started with a foreign placement for student teaching at the
Ashcombe Secondary School in Dorking, England. During my 18 years at Grand Valley, I have
had additional teaching and research experiences in a foreign setting that would serve me well as
a Fulbright Scholar. During my first sabbatical in 2002, I served as a research and teaching
fellow at Kingston University, London. Dr. Peter Garside, whom I had sponsored as a
Kingston/GVSU faculty exchange program recipient, assisted my sabbatical. I was able to
interact regularly with a large number of faculty at Kingston based on my earlier friendships as
London program director in 1999 and Kingston Exchange Recipient in 1998. I co---­‐taught an
upper division undergraduate course titled, Urban Landscape and Communities designed as a
service learning oriented course in the community which is very similar to a course I teach at
GVSU, entitled Community Analysis. The Royal of Borough of Kingston became an urban
laboratory for students in the same manner that the City of Grand Rapids serves as an urban
laboratory for my GVSU course. As a team instructor, I attended all classes and field trips
leading many of the lecture sessions. The Kingston students enjoyed the U.S. perspectives on
urban communities and I was able to interact with a diverse set of students.
My more than a decade of experience in London and Sydney provides a unique global
comparative perspective that extends well beyond my U.S. experiences. While I teach at a
regional state university in Michigan in a mid---­‐size city about the size of Salzburg, Grand
Rapids, Michigan is very spread out, Incorporating a continental European perspective would be
of great benefit for both my teaching and research. My experience as a cultural ambassador is
proven. My nine academic programs on foreign soil with more than 250 Grand Valley students,
has generated more than 250 cultural ambassadors who have represented GVSU and the U.S. in
a very positive light.
At GVSU, I teach a wide variety of courses (see attached vita) and have long served as advisor to
students in the Urban and Regional Policy and Planning concentration of our MPA program. In
2012, the Graduate Student Association recognized me as an Outstanding Faculty Mentor and
the Office of the President, as Presidential Service Learning Scholar (1999) and Sustainability
Champion (2009). Last year I served as Interim Director of our School and this year begin a new
role as MPA Coordinator.
Research:
My 2002 sabbatical experiences prepared me well for conducting research in a foreign setting.
At Kingston University, I conducted dozens of interviews with chief executives, chief planners,
council persons involved with the Greater London Region (the South East) including the newly
formed Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions, the Greater London
Authority (the GLA), the South East Regional Development Authority, the South East Economic
Authority, the Government Office of the South East (GOSE), Surrey County, the Kingston
Guildhall and the Mole Valley Local Authority. In addition to interviewing, I attended a number
of local workshops, lectures, seminars and events related with land use planning, regionalism,
and economic development in greater London. If selected, I would replicate making those kinds
of contacts within Austria.
My recent research focuses on comparative urbanization, particularly strategies geared towards
the knowledge economy and sustainability (see related bibliography) concentrating on US,
British and Australia’s urban public management's “Race to the Top”. Australia recognizes
profound changes in the global economy require new strategies and a transformation of the shape
of society, including a re---­‐examination of the entire underlying economic base. Knowledge
becomes the key resource of the future, replacing land in the agricultural economy and natural
resources in the industrial economy.
My recent book where I served a co---­‐editor and author, Sustaining Michigan: Metropolitan
Policies and Strategies, has identified some of the steps needed to move my home state of
Michigan forward (Jelier and Sands 2009). Focusing on the triple bottom line approaches of
economic prosperity, environmental protection and social and political dynamics in Michigan’s
communities. Sustaining Michigan highlights some of the key issues that challenge our
transition.
There is much we can learn in Michigan and the United States from successful models
competing in the Knowledge---­‐Based Economy (KBE). Austria, with its high per capita income
and livable cities provides another compelling laboratory to study strategies geared towards the
new economy, particular place---­‐making strategies. Austria is wedged between two huge
markets, (Germany and Italy), its two largest trading partners that have had anemic economic
growth. Meanwhile, Austria’s exports have grown. Austria has had to master both European
integration and globalization. Their social market economy stands in stark contrast to the liberal
market economy of the U.S., Australia and Britain. What can we redact from the Austrian
experiences that are relevant back to places such as Michigan where reinvention of the economy
is necessary if the state is going to return to prosperity?
If the United States and Michigan are going to compete in the KBE, it is very important that we
understand our competition and start searching for successful models to emulate. In reviewing
the literature on the KBE, it is evident that successful models are global in their thinking, very
much interested in benchmarking themselves on the most successful examples of the KBE from
around the world. For instance, Australia pays quite close attention to some of the best examples
we have in the United States, such as Austin, Texas, Chicago, and from other places that are
making the successful transition. In Michigan we have been satisfied with gauging our progress
by comparisons with our closest neighbors in Indiana and Ohio, or using the Midwest as our
benchmark. In this global economy, in a flattening world (Friedman 2005) or spiky centers
(Florida 2010) we must look for measures of success on the global scale. That is my hope for
Michigan that we might search for international benchmarks to gauge our progress. A Fulbright
Fellowship will provide me an opportunity to teach and research in a continental European
environment.
What are some of the best practices that have led Austrian cities and states in advancing success
in the Knowledge---­‐Based Economy? How do we apply the Austrian examples back home to the
Midwest? On a sub---­‐national level, the Upper Midwest faces especially unique challenges in
transitioning to a KBE. The region has a rapidly decaying manufacturing base which was based
in the auto industry (Duderstadt 2006). In 1979, the US “Big Three” (Ford, Chrysler, GM) sold
nine out of 10 cars in the United States, but by 2005, nearly 60 per cent of the US automobile
market belonged to foreign competitors, Toyota, Honda and Hyundai (Orakzai 2006). Because
the Midwest relied so heavily on the auto industry for jobs and as a tax base, this decline has
crippled local economies.
Michigan had enjoyed a high per capita income for most of the last century, but has dropped
towards the bottom of national rankings in employment and per capita income. Just two decades
ago, Michigan was the 19th most prosperous state in the nation, but has slipped to 33rd by 2011.
The decline of manufacturing has hit hard. Michigan is the only state in the country to lose
population in the 2000s, according to US Census figures just released December 2010. States
with the highest per capita incomes are over---­‐ concentrated compared to national average with
proportion of wages coming from knowledge---­‐based industries and high proportion of adults
with four---­‐year degrees. Michigan currently ranks 34th in proportion of adults with a four---­‐year
degree. High education attainment industries account for most of the recent job growth in
America.
Michigan’s current Governor, Rick Snyder, assumed office in 2011 and inherited a structural
deficit of around two billion dollars. With his elimination of the Michigan Business Tax, it raised
the deficit to $3.5 billion but a tax on pensions in Michigan, deep spending cuts in K---­‐12
education and higher education and eliminating the low income worker tax credit, combined with
draconian cuts to local government and general revenue sharing have closed the budget shortfall,
but in the current recession it is unclear where the revenue will be generated to support the kind
of placemaking investments that are needed to compete in the KBE.
One of the few bright spots in Michigan has been the Grand Rapids region. As a recipient of both
former Governor Granholm’s Cool Cities and Smart Zone initiatives, Grand Rapids exemplifies
some of the hope for the state’s policies in successful reinvention towards KBE. The Cool Cities
grant, however small, has helped to identify and promote the Uptown District of Grand Rapids, a
consortium of four urban business districts that rivals downtown. The West Michigan Science
and Technology Initiative is Grand Rapids’ designee of the state’s Smart Zone program which is
focused on the bio-science cluster on the Medical Mile in Grand Rapids infusing more than $2
billion of new investments in the corridor. Also, Grand Rapids over the past few years has
aggressively championed sustainable development. As Jelier and Sands illustrate (2009) Grand
Rapids have the most LEED certified buildings per capita in the United States. In 2010, the City
of Grand Rapids was presented the Siemens Sustainable Community Award for mid---­‐size
communities by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce Business Civic Leadership Center (BCLC) and
Siemens Corporation.
Transformational change has been a challenge for Michigan and the United States. Machiavelli
once said, “…there is nothing more dangerous to handle than to initiate a new order of things”
(Machiavelli, 1532, The Prince as quoted by Dovers 2001). It appears that Austria is currently
meeting the challenge of transformational change in a new economy. My international teaching
and scholarly experience so far has been limited to England and Australia. A Fulbright Scholar
Award or visiting scholar appointment in Austria would enhance my understanding of both
Austrian and continental European and EU perspectives. I would relish the opportunity to teach
American Studies and conduct comparative urban research in Austria and appreciate the
invitation and endorsement by Dr. Reinhard Heinisch to help facilitate a Fulbright Scholar
Award or visiting faculty at the University of Salzburg.
Select Bibliography
Allen Consulting Group. 2002. Competing in the Knowledge Economy. Sydney.
Aplin, G. 2002. Heritage Identification, Conservation, and Management. South Melbourne,
Victoria: Oxford University Press, 2002), 250.
Australia’s Growth Industries in the Age of the Knowledge Economy. 2002.
Department of Parliamentary Library. No. 6, 26 August.
Backing Australia’s Ability: An innovation action plan for the future. 2001. State by the
Prime Minister, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra.
Ballard, Charles. 2009. “The Economic and Fiscal Background of Metropolitan Policies in
Michigan.” In Richard W. Jelier and Gary Sands (eds.) Sustaining Michigan:
Metropolitan Policies and Strategies. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press.
Berry, M. 2004. Melbourne – Is there Life after Florida? RMIT University,
Melbourne.
Brisbane, M. and J.Wood. 1996. A Future for Our Past? Introduction to Heritage Studies
Colchester, Essex: Hythe Offset.
Burnley, I. 2000. Diversity and Difference: Immigration and the Multicultural City.
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University Press.
Center for an Urban Future. 2011. “The Impact of the Global Economy on New York
State and City. SUNY Levin Institute: New York City.
Cullingworth, J.B. 2000. Town and Country Planning in Britain. London: George Allen &
Unwin Lmtd.
Dovers, S. 2001. Institutions for Sustainability. Center for Resource and
Environmental Studies, The Australian National University. Canberra.
Duderstadt, J. J. 2006. The Great Lakes Region and the Knowledge Economy: A Roadmap to the
Future. Paper presented at the Higher Education at a Crossroad conference, Chicago, IL,
November.
Ennis, N. and S. Kozdras. Supporting London’s Innovators. 2012. GLA Economics: London.
Florida, R. 2011. “The 25 Most Economically Powerful Cities in the World.” Sept. 15.
Florida, R. 2008. Who’s Your City. Basic Books: New York.
Florida, R. 2005. Cities and the Creative Class. Routledge: New York.
Florida, R. 2002. The Rise of the Creative Class. The Washington Monthly. May.
Forster, C. 2006. The Challenge of Change: Australian Cities and the Urban Planning in the
New Millennium. Adelaide, Australia: Geographic Research 44(2):173-182
Freeman, G.P. and B. Birrell, Divergent Paths of Immigration Politics in the United States
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Friedman, T. 2005. The World is Flat. Farrar, Straus, & Giroua: New York.
Glazer, N. and D. Moynihan. 1963. Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans,
Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1963.
Hepworth, M. and G. Spencer. 2011. A Regional Perspective on the Knowledge Economy in
Great Britain. The Local Futures Group: London.
Houghton, J. and Sheehan, P. 2000. A Primer on the Knowledge Economy. Melbourne, Centre
for Strategic Economic Studies, Victoria University.
Hughes, P. and S. Niven. Urban Growth Management in Australia: A Tale of Three
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Jelier, Richard W. and Gary Sands. 2009. Sustaining Michigan: Metropolitan Policies and
Strategies. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press
Lucci, P. and B. Harrison. 2011. “The Knowledge Economy: Reviewing the make-up of the
knowledge economy in London.
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Meyer, B. 2006. Future Sydney – A City of Cities. Cox Richardson Architects and
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Sustainable Growth and Quality Jobs. Executive Office of the President, Washington
D.C.
Nivola, P.S. 1999.Laws of the Landscape: How Policies Shape Cities in Europe and America.
Brookings.
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Cornell University Press.
Portney, Kent. 2003. Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously: Economic Development, the
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Randolph, B. 2006 Delivering the Compact City in Australia: Current trends and future
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We Better Position Ourselves in a Global Community? ACU National Australia.
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Simon, J. and S. Wardrop. 2002. Australian Use of Information Technology and Its
Contribution to Growth. Economic Research Department, Reserve Bank of
Australia. Sydney.
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Wisconsin Technology Network.
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SGS Economics and Planning. Sydney.
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7: Project Plan
If selected as a Fulbright Scholar, the Program is highly structured and many of the logistics will
be worked out in tandem with program officers from the Austrian-American Educational
Commission. If selected, I will be assigned two courses for the Winter 2014 semester. In
addition, I will be expected to deliver other university lectures and a number of other speaking
events in the community will be arranged for me. I will be connected with other economic and
community development scholars and will conduct research on Sustainability at both the
University of Austria and Salzburg. My field research in Austria will include visitations at the
central, state, districts and municipalities. Salzburg is one of the nine states of Austria. The City
of Salzburg is further divided into 24 urban districts. The states in Austria, while not having
sovereign, constitutionally imbued powers like in the United States, are more than mere
administrative divisions. They have limited legislative authority, particularly over building and
zoning regulations which has been one of the focuses of my urban planning research. In addition
to being the fourth largest city in Austria and a capital city for the federal State of Salzburg, the
historic Centre of Salzburg is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well preserved medieval
buildings. If not selected as Fulbright Scholar, I will team teach courses in comparative politics
with Dr. Heinisch who will actively work with me to advance my research agenda described
above and in the Evidence of Preparation section of this proposal.
8: Timetable
Note: Dates are approximate based on the best information available at this time. If awarded the
U.S. Fulbright Award #3138, I will teach Winter 2014, with details of the award being specified
in summer 2013 by the Fulbright Scholar Program. If selected as a Fulbright Scholar, the
Fulbright follows specific timelines and due dates, resulting in highly structured completion
dates. With this sabbatical request, no time line issues are anticipated.
If not selected as a Fulbright Scholar, I will begin my preparation as an invited Visiting Scholar
at the University of Salzburg.
Pre-sabbatical activities January 1, 2013 to December 2013
§ Obtain visas
§ Finalize arrangements with University of Salzburg regarding housing, office space,
course schedule, etc.
§ Begin preparation of lesson plans
§ Conduct a more formal literature review on Austrian subnational government and
sustainability.
Sabbatical Activities at the University of Salzburg January 1, 2014 to June 2014
§ Early January I will spend finalizing my teaching preparations
§
§
§
§
Coordinate with my host, Dr. Reinhard Heinisch who is planning field and community
lectures, both within and outside the University of Salzburg.
In early February, I will relocate to Salzburg, Austria to begin my research agenda in
advance of my teaching.
My formal teaching begins March 1, 2014 and will run until the end of June 2014.
Return to USA July 1.
Post-sabbatical activities July 30 to September 15
§ Sabbatical report submitted by September 15
§ I will prepare a comparative manuscript on Austrian/US sustainability practices to be
presented at a GVSU forum and at a national conference and submission to a peerreviewed journal.
§ Teach a new course in Sustainable Development in our new Sustainability Certificate
Program
9: Benefit to one's own or other units
The benefit to SPNHA is especially important as we prepare to launch a new certificate in
Sustainability and the College of Community of Public Service is also very interested in
advancing sustainability in its curriculum and mission. This sabbatical will greatly enhance my
ability to make further contributions in sustainability that I have begun by incorporating
international perspectives. I’ve already edited a book on sustainable development in Michigan,
titled Sustaining Michigan and written a couple of chapters in the volume. International research
on sustainability best practice will be especially useful for my future teaching and research as
SPNHA begins to implement the Sustainability Certificate. I’ve already been recognized by
GVSU as a sustainability advocate, receiving a Sustainability Champion certificate in 2009 and
serving as an advisor for a new summer Sustainability Certificate and residence program for
community leaders. As we launch and revise our sustainability curriculum, the Austrian and
European models will likely be especially useful in advancing new ideas around sustainable best
practice My teaching in a European setting should broaden and enliven my cross cultural
competencies to mentor international students in SPNHA and CCPS programs. The sabbatical
will also provide opportunities for more permanent linkages with the University of Salzburg and
enhance the “globalized” education advanced in the CCPS and SPNHA strategic plans. The
SPNHA strategic plans calls for “increasing emphasis on international perspective.”
10: Arrangements with other people or institutions
I received a direct letter of invitation by Dr. Reinhard Heinisch, Endowed Chair of Political
Science and research fellow at the Center for European Studies, University of Salzburg. If
selected as a Fulbright Scholar, the Program will direct and coordinate my placement. As a
Visiting Scholar, Dr. Heinisch has agreed to coordinate, facilitate and direct my involvement at
the University of Salzburg, helping to arrange an appropriate teaching placement, organizing
additional lectures in the field, facilitating contacts with other professors at the University of
Salzburg and arranging visitations with appropriate governmental leaders in Salzburg and
Vienna. If the sabbatical is approved, I will move forward with the specific logistical
arrangements with the University of Salzburg.
Other relevant information
Letters of support for the Fulbright Scholar Program were written by:
Dr. George Grant, Dean of the College of Community and Public Service
Dr. Danny Balfour, Professor, School of Public, Nonprofit and Health Administration
Dr. Stephen Hartlaub, Professor, Department of Political Science, Frostburg State Univeristy.