NMBGMR Open-file Geologic Map 221
Last Modified June 2012
NEW MEXICO BUREAU OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES A DIVISION OF NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY
MAP UNIT DESCRIPTIONS
392000
Qal
394000
Xoq 19
Xoq
Ql
Xoq
Tlc
Qal
0.3 a
K1
K2
80
Xvmq
88
Tlc
78
Tr
Tr
Tr
Xva
Qal
Tlc
Tr
Tr
3
K9
Qs
68
6
Qc
77
85
5
Tr
4
1.3 a
Tlc
Qal
1.2 a
Qal
1.6 a
Qal
Tlc?
Qal
0.5 a
Tr
Tr
4
7
17
Tr
11
1.2 a
Tlc
0.9 a
5
1.0 d
9
1.0 a
0.6 b
1.0
6
4
0.2 a
1.2 r
Tlc
1.0 m
Tr
Qal
Qal
Tr
45
Qal
53
1.0 r
Tlc
70
0.6 a
65
55
70
51
Xoq
55
70
4045000
A6
0.7 a
0.7 a
Qal
36°32'30"N
E
1.0 m
Qal
5
Tr
8
0.4 a
+d
4044000
2.0 a
+b
0.4 a 0.3 a
0.4 r
Tlc
1.6 r
Qal
0.6 b
1.0 a
Tr
Tlc
4043000
5
1.2 a
Tlc
Tlc
0.4 d
2.5 b
0.5 a
7
Tlc
1.1 a
5A 2
Tr
5
1.6
Qal
Tlc
6
2
8
9
Qc
0.4 a
1.1 d
0.3 q
10
7
La
80
A1
A 10
10
e
lin
nc
Qal
390000
A
391000
Tr
Qal
55
78
40
Xoq
56
Tr
Tr
Xvpr
Xa
6678
Xvpr
ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ˜ȱŠ’˜ȱ›˜ž™
Xm
˜™’—ȱ›˜ž™ȱ—’Ÿ’ŽȱǻœŽŽ—ȱ˜—•¢ȱ’—ȱŒ›˜œœȱœŽŒ’˜—Ǽ
26
Qal
41
77
Qal
27
Elevation
in Feet
Xvbrc
34
Tr
Xvbrc Xa 82
Xa
Xvr
Xvr
Xoq
Tr?
˜™’—ȱ›˜ž™ȱž—’Ÿ’ŽȱǻœŽŽ—ȱ˜—•¢ȱ’—ȱŒ›˜œœȱœŽŒ’˜—Ǽ
REFERENCES
‹¢ǰȱǯǯǰȱŘŖŖŞǰȱȱ›Ž•’–’—Š›¢ȱŽ˜•˜’Œȱ–Š™ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŽ›Ÿ’••ŽŠȱ•Š£ŠȱŝǯśȬ–’—žŽȱšžŠ›Š—•ŽǰȱŠ˜œȱŠ—ȱ’˜ȱ››’‹Šȱ
˜ž—’Žœǰȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ǰȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ȱ ž›ŽŠžȱ ˜ȱ Ž˜•˜¢ȱ Š—ȱ ’—Ž›Š•ȱ Žœ˜ž›ŒŽœǰȱ ™Ž—Ȭꕎȱ Ž˜•˜’Œȱ Š™ȱ
ȬȬŗŞŘǰȱœŒŠ•ŽȱŗDZŘŚǰŖŖŖǯ
™™Ž•ǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ ŗşşŞǰȱ ŚŖ›Ȧřş›ȱ Ž˜Œ‘›˜—˜•˜¢ȱ Š—ȱ Ÿ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ ŽŸ˜•ž’˜—ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Š˜œȱ •ŠŽŠžȱ Ÿ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ ꎕǰȱ
—˜›‘Ž›—ȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ȱŠ—ȱœ˜ž‘Ž›—ȱ˜•˜›Š˜ȱǽǯǯȱ‘Žœ’œǾDZȱȱ˜Œ˜››˜ǰȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ȱ—œ’žŽȱ˜ȱ’—’—ȱŠ—ȱ
ŽŒ‘—˜•˜¢ǰȱśŞȱ™ǯȱ™•žœȱŠ™™Ž—’ŒŽœǯ
Š›”Ž›ǰȱǯǰȱŗşśŞǰȱ›ŽŒŠ–‹›’Š—ȱŠ—ȱŽ›’Š›¢ȱŽ˜•˜¢ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŠœȱŠ‹•ŠœȱšžŠ›Š—•ŽǰȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜DZȱȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ȱ
—œ’žŽȱ˜ȱ’—’—ȱŠ—ȱŽŒ‘—˜•˜¢ǰȱŠŽȱž›ŽŠžȱ˜ȱ’—ŽœȱŠ—ȱ’—Ž›Š•ȱŽœ˜ž›ŒŽœǰȱž••Ž’—ȱŚśǰȱŗŖŚȱ™ǯ
˜œǰȱǯǰȱŗşşśǰȱ›’—Œ’™•Žœȱ˜ȱŽ’–Ž—˜•˜¢ȱŠ—ȱ›Š’›Š™‘¢ǰȱŽ ȱŽ›œŽ¢ǰȱ›Ž—’ŒŽȬ
Š••ȱŝŝŚ™ǯ
ž•Ž›ǰȱǯǯǰȱŗşŚŜȱŽ›’Š›¢ȱŠ—ȱžŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŽ˜•˜¢ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱžœŠœȬ›Žœȱ’Ž›ŠœȱŠ›ŽŠǰȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ǯǰȱž—™ž‹•’œ‘Žȱ
‘ȱ‘Žœ’œǰȱŠ–‹›’ŽȱŠœœŠŒ‘žœŽĴœȱ
Š›ŸŠ›ȱ—’ŸŽ›œ’¢ȱŗşş™ǯǯȱ
˜–™˜—ǰȱǯǯǰȱŗşŞśǰȱŽ˜•˜¢ȱ’—ȱ‘ŽȱꎕDZȱŽ ȱ˜›”ǰȱ˜‘—ȱ’•Ž¢ȱǭȱ˜—œǰȱ—ŒǯǰȱřşŞȱ™ǯ
Š•žœ‘ŠǰȱǯǰȱŠ—ȱ•’Œ”ǰȱǯǯǰȱŗşŝŗǰȱ›Š’›Š™‘¢ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŠ—ŠȱŽȱ›˜ž™ǰȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜DZȱž••Ž’—ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ–Ž›’ŒŠ—ȱ
žœŽž–ȱ˜ȱŠž›Š•ȱ
’œ˜›¢ǰȱŸǯȱŗŚŚǰȱŗŘŝȱ™ǯ
Ž›¢ȱ ™˜˜›•¢ȱ Ž¡™˜œŽDzȱ •˜˜œŽȬ˜ȱ ›’Š‹•ŽǻǵǼDzȱ –˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ Ž••ȱ œ˜›ŽǻǵǼDzȱ ›˜ž—ŽȬ˜Ȭœž‹›˜ž—ŽDzȱ ŽŠ”•¢ȱ
ŒŽ–Ž—ŽȱœŠ—¢Ȭ˜ȱ™Ž‹‹•¢ǻǵǼȱŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽǯȱȱŽ’–Ž—ȱŒ˜—œ’œœȱ˜ȱ™Ž‹‹•ŽœȱŠ—ȱŒ˜‹‹•Žœǰȱ ’‘ȱ–’—˜›ȱ‹˜ž•Ž›œǰȱ
’—ȱŠȱœŠ—ȱ–Š›’¡ǻǵǼǯȱȱŠ¡’–ž–ȱŒ•Šœȱœ’£Žœȱ’œȱžœžŠ••¢ȱśŖȱŒ–ȱ‹žȱ•˜ŒŠ••¢ȱ’œȱœŽŸŽ›Š•ȱ–ŽŽ›œǻǵǼǯȱȱ˜–’—ŠŽȱ‹¢ȱ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȱŽ›’žœȱǻšžŠ›ĵ’Žǰȱ™˜›™‘¢›’’Œȱ–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽǰȱœŒ‘’œǰȱœŒ‘’œ˜œŽȱ–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽǰȱŠ–™‘’‹˜•’Žǰȱ›Š—’Žȱ
Š—ȱŸŽ’—ȱšžŠ›ĵȱǻŠ‹•ŽȱŗǼǯȱȱ•‘˜ž‘ȱ‘Žȱ’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱœŽŽ–œȱ˜ȱ‹Žȱȇ•˜ŒŠ••¢ȱŽ›’ŸŽȇȱ̘Šȱ’œȱžœžŠ••¢ȱŠȱ
–’¡ž›Žȱ˜ȱŠȱ•ŽŠœȱ ˜ȱ›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȱŒ•Šœȱ¢™ŽœȱŽŸŽ—ȱ ‘Ž—ȱ—ŽŠ›‹¢ȱ‹ŠœŽ–Ž—ȱ’œȱ–˜—˜•’‘˜•˜’Œȱ’—’ŒŠ’—ȱœ˜–Žȱ
–’¡’—Ȧ›Š—œ™˜›ȱ ˜ȱ ’’’˜ȱ œŽ’–Ž—œȱ ™’˜›ȱ ˜ȱ Ž™˜œ’’˜—ǯȱ ȱ ‘’œȱ ’—Ž›™›ŽŠ’˜—ȱ ’œȱ œž™™˜›Žȱ ‹¢ȱ ‘Žȱ Œ˜––˜—ȱ
›˜ž—’—ȱ˜ȱŒ•Šœœȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱž—’ǯȱȱŽŠ›ȱ‘ŽȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ ’‘ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ’—ȱ›Š›Žȱ˜˜ȱŽ¡™˜œž›Žœȱǻ—˜Š‹•¢ȱ’—ȱ
‘Žȱœ˜ž‘ ŽœŽ›—ȱšžŠ›Ž›ȱ˜ȱœŽŒ’˜—ȱŘřȱŘŝDZŝǼȱ’—’Ÿ’žŠ•ȱ‹Žœȱ˜ȱ›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȱŒ•ŠœœȱŠ—ȱŸ˜•ŒŠ—’ŒȱŒ•ŠœœȱŠ›Žȱ
’—Ž›‹ŽŽȱ˜ŸŽ›ȱŠ‹˜žȱŘŖȬřŖȱ–ȱ˜ȱœŽŒ’˜—ȱ‹žȱŠ›Žȱ—˜ȱŽ¡Ž—œ’ŸŽ•¢ȱ–’¡Žǯȱȱȱȱȱȱ
—Ž›œ˜••ǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ ŠŸŠ££Šǰȱ ǯǰȱ Š•›’Žǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ Š—ȱ ‘Šęšž••Š‘ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ŗşşŖǰȱ Ž—˜£˜’Œȱ œŽ’–Ž—Š’˜—ȱ Š—ȱ
™Š•Ž˜ŽŒ˜—’Œœȱ˜ȱ—˜›‘ȬŒŽ—›Š•ȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜DZȱ–™•’ŒŠ’˜—œȱ˜›ȱ’—’’Š’˜—ȱŠ—ȱŽŸ˜•ž’˜—ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ’˜ȱ›Š—Žȱ›’DZȱ
Ž˜•˜’ŒŠ•ȱ˜Œ’Ž¢ȱ˜ȱ–Ž›’ŒŠȱž••Ž’—ǰȱŸǯȱŗŖŘǰȱ™ǯȱŗŘŞŖȬŗŘşŜǯ
Ž–™Ž›ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ˜—’—ǰȱ ǯǰȱ Š—ȱ Š›•œ›˜–ǯȱ ǯǰȱ ŘŖŖŞȱ ›Ž•’–’—Š›¢ȱ Ž˜•˜’Œȱ Š™ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Š••Žȱ ›Š—Žȱ ŽŠ”ȱ
žŠ›Š—•Žǰȱ ’˜ȱ››’‹Šȱ ˜ž—¢ǰȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ǰȱ ȱ ȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ȱ ž›ŽŠžȱ ˜ȱ Ž˜•˜¢ȱ Š—ȱ ’—Ž›Š•ȱ Žœ˜ž›ŒŽœǰȱ
™Ž—ȬꕎȱŽ˜•˜’ŒȱŠ™ȱȬȱȬŗŞŖǰȱœŒŠ•ŽȱŗDZŘŚǰŖŖŖǯȱ
A
A'
Qal
6,000
85 82
5,500
4042000
18,000
Qal
5,000
Tr
52 4041000
59
Xoq
Tr
16,000
4,500
Xoq
Xoq
Qal
Tr?
Tr
14,000
Xoq
Tr
Tr?
Xoq
Qal
Xoq
Xoq
4040000
396000
397000
Tlc?
Qal
E
398000
399000
36°30'0"N
3,500
12,000
Xa
106°7'30"W
Base map from U.S. Geological Survey 1963, from photographs taken 1962, field checked in 1963.
Polyconic projection. 1927 North American datum. Reprojected to UTM projection -- zone 13N.
1000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid, zone 13, shown in red
Xvmq
10,000
June, 2012
This and other STATEMAP quadrangles are available
for free download in both PDF and ArcGIS formats at:
http://geoinfo.nmt.edu
by
Scott B. Aby 1, Kirt A. Kempter 2, and Karl E. Karlstrom
1
Muddy Spring Geology, P.O. Box 488, Dixon, NM, 87527
Independent Consultant, 2623 Via Caballero del Norte, Santa Fe, NM, 87505
3
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, UNM, Albuquerque, NM, 87131
2
3
ne
Cross sections are constructed based upon the interpretations of the author made from geologic
mapping, and available geophysical, and subsurface (drillhole) data. Cross-sections should be used as
an aid to understanding the general geologic framework of the map area, and not be the sole source of
information for use in locating or designing wells, buildings, roads, or other man-made structures.
The map has not been reviewed according to New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
standards. The contents of the report and map should not be considered final and complete until
reviewed and published by the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. The views and
conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as
necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the State of New Mexico,
or the U.S. Government.
line
Antic
Posos
cline
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Big Ro
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Sea Level
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-2000
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1
2
3
Km
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Sea Level
-500
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-1,000
Xvu
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
12,000 Feet
10,000
1,000
500
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-4,000
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Spri
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nticl
ine
2,000
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gs A
2,000
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A geologic map displays information on the distribution, nature, orientation, and age relationships of
rock and deposits and the occurrence of structural features. Geologic and fault contacts are irregular
surfaces that form boundaries between different types or ages of units. Data depicted on this geologic
quadrangle map may be based on any of the following: reconnaissance field geologic mapping,
compilation of published and unpublished work, and photogeologic interpretation. Locations of
contacts are not surveyed, but are plotted by interpretation of the position of a given contact onto a
topographic base map; therefore, the accuracy of contact locations depends on the scale of mapping
and the interpretation of the geologist(s). Any enlargement of this map could cause misunderstanding
in the detail of mapping and may result in erroneous interpretations. Site-specific conditions should be
verified by detailed surface mapping or subsurface exploration. Topographic and cultural changes
associated with recent development may not be shown.
Xa
ntyr
e
Geologic map of the Cañon Plaza quadrangle,
Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
COMMENTS TO MAP USERS
Xvmq
Xa
Xvmq
Xa
Mc I
[575] 835-5490
Mapping of this quadrangle was funded by a matching-funds grant from the STATEMAP program
of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Act, administered by the U. S. Geological Survey,
and by the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, (L. Greer Price,
Director and State Geologist, Dr. J. Michael Timmons, Geologic Mapping Program Manager).
DRAFT
4,000
ne
New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
New Mexico Tech
801 Leroy Place
Socorro, New Mexico
87801-4796
New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
Open-file Geologic Map 221
Xa
r Zo
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
Magnetic Declination
April, 2010
9º 20' East
At Map Center
Ortega
Mountains
Anticlinorium
Xvpr
Shea
LA MADERA
Xvpr
arita
MOGOTE
PEAK
VALLE
GRANDE
PEAK
6,000
After this map has undergone scientific peer review, editing, and final cartographic
production adhering to bureau map standards, it will be released in our Geologic Map
(GM) series. This final version will receive a new GM number and will supercede
this preliminary open-file geologic map.
NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
Xvmq
Xoq
cline
CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET
Xvmq
La J
1 KILOMETER
ync
li
7000 FEET
Xa
a Syn
0
6000
8,000
2,500
T
T
La Jar
NEW MEXICO
5000
T
one
LAS
TABLAS
4000
T
ear Z
CANON
PLAZA
0.5
3000
Xa
Xvpr
T
T
to Sh
CANJILON
MOUNTAIN
2000
This draft geologic map is preliminary and will undergo revision. It was produced
from either scans of hand-drafted originals or from digitally drafted original maps
and figures using a wide variety of software, and is currently in cartographic production.
It is being distributed in this draft form as part of the bureau's Open-file map series
(OFGM), due to high demand for current geologic map data in these areas where
STATEMAP quadrangles are located, and it is the bureau's policy to disseminate
geologic data to the public as soon as possible.
T
Xa
Vall
eci
1
1000
T
1 MILE
ra S
0
0
ade
1000
MULE
CANYON
Xvmq
Xvmq
La M
BURNED
MOUNTAIN
3,000
Xvmq
1:24,000
EAST
GAVILAN
CANYON
Xa
Xa
Xoq
0.5
4,000
Qc
E
1
NW
Meters
20,000
65
Xoq
86
Tr
106°10'0"W
SW
Xvbrc
30
Xoq
Tr?
Qal
MAP EXPLANATION
Tr
Tr?
Xoq
Tlc
–’‘ǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ ˜˜›Žǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ Š—ȱ Œ—˜œ‘ǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ ŘŖŖŘǰȱœœŽœœ’—ȱ ›˜•Žœȱ ˜ȱ Ÿ˜•ŒŠ—’œ–ȱ Š—ȱ ‹Šœ’—ȱ œž‹œ’Ž—ŒŽȱ ’—ȱ
ŒŠžœ’—ȱ •’˜ŒŽ—ŽȬ•˜ Ž›ȱ ’˜ŒŽ—Žȱ œŽ’–Ž—Š’˜—ȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ —˜›‘Ž›—ȱ ’˜ȱ ›Š—Žȱ ›’ǰȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜DZȱ ȱ ˜ž›—Š•ȱ ˜ȱ
Ž’–Ž—Š›¢ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ǰȱŸǯȱŝŘǰȱ™ǯȱŞřŜȬŞŚŞǯ
4043000
67 34
Tr
Tr
ŽŽ›œǰȱǯȱŘŖŗŖȱŚŖ›Ȧřş›ȱŽ˜Œ‘›˜—˜•˜¢ȱ›Žœž•œȱ›˜–ȱŠœȱŠ‹•ŠœȱšžŠ›Š—•ŽDZȱȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ȱȱȱȱŽ˜Œ‘›˜—˜•˜¢ȱ
ŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŠ‹˜›Š˜›¢ȱǻǼǰȱ—Ž›—Š•ȱŽ™˜›ȱǛȱȬȬŜŝśǯ
Tr 46
Tr
Xoq
395000
Qal/Ttoc
Xvpr
Xvbrq 75
69
64
61
75
Tr
Tr
Tr
Xvbrq
54
56
ŽŽ›œǰȱǯǰȱŘŖŖşǰȱŚŖ›Ȧřş›ȱŽ˜Œ‘›˜—˜•˜¢ȱ›Žœž•œȱ›˜–ȱ“˜ȱŠ•’Ž—Žǰȱ‘’•’ǰȱŠ—ȱŠœȱŠ‹•ŠœȱšžŠ›Š—•ŽœDZȱȱŽ ȱ
Ž¡’Œ˜ȱŽ˜Œ‘›˜—˜•˜¢ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŠ‹˜›Š˜›¢ȱǻǼǰȱ—Ž›—Š•ȱŽ™˜›ȱǛȱȬȬśśŝǰȱŝȱ™ǯ
Qg
Xvpr
62
87
394000
Xvr
ž—œŽ••ȱ˜•˜›ǰȱŗşşŚȱŽ’’˜—ǰȱž—œŽ••ȱœ˜’•ȱŒ˜•˜›ȱŒ‘Š›œDZȱȱŽ ȱ’—œ˜›ǰȱǯǯǰȱ˜••–˜›Ž—ȱ˜›™ǯǰȱŠŒ‹Ž‘ȱ’Ÿ’œ’˜—ǯ
Qg
Xvpr
Qc
Qc
Tr
Qal
Xoq
106°12'30"W
Xmq
53
Xoq
393000
Ž•’’ŒȱœŒ‘’œȱ˜ȱŠ’˜ȱ›˜ž™
Qal/Ttoc
Xa
Tr
77
77
Xoq
Qal
392000
68
Xoq
E
389000
Xvpr
4044000
Xa
1.2 d
Tlc
Qal
E
–™‘’‹˜•’Žȱ˜ȱŠ’˜ȱ›˜ž™
82
Qal
Tlc
106°15'0"W
Xmq
Qg
Tr
Tlc
36°32'30"N
Tlc?
Qal/Ttoc Qal
68
Tlc
E
Qal
Xa
89
59
Tlc
Tlc
Tlc
Qal/T
58
52
Tr
Xoas
Tr
Qal
44
69
85
Qal
Ta
Xoq
Tr
7
Sy
Tlc
Tlc
Tlc
a
er
ad
M
Tr
4
8
Tr
10
6
4
1.4 a
38
Xoq
83
0.4 q
0.6 br
9
Qal
Xoq
Qg
40
38
Xva
Qg
53
44
Xoq
Xoq
’ȱ˜Œ”ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽ
Qg
Xoq
Xoq
Tr
Tr Tr
Xoq
Tr
Xa
Tlc
–ȱ
›ȱ
’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱǻ•˜ Ž›ǻǵǼ•’˜ŒŽ—Žȱ‘›˜ž‘ȱ•˜ Ž›ȱ’˜ŒŽ—ŽǼǯȱŽȱžœŽȱ‘ŽȱŽ›–’—˜•˜¢ȱ˜ȱŠ›”Ž›ȱ
ǻŗşśŞǼȱ˜›ȱ–Š™™’—ȱ›ŠŸŽ•ȱŠ“ŠŒŽ—ȱ˜ȱŠ—Ȧ˜›ȱŽ›’ŸŽȱ›˜–ȱ›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œȱ™Š•Ž˜Ȭ˜™˜›Š™‘’Œȱ‘’‘œǯȱȱ‘Žȱ’’˜ȱ
˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ Šœȱ Žę—Žȱ ‹¢ȱ Š›”Ž›ȱ ˜—ȱ ‘Žȱ ŠÛ˜—ȱ •Š£Šȱ šžŠ›Š—•Žȱ ˜›ȱ ›ŠŸŽ•ȱ Œ˜—Š’—’—ȱ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȬŽ›’ŸŽȱ Ž›’žœȱ Œ˜—œ’œ’—ȱ ˜ȱ ›˜ž—ŽȬ˜Ȭȱ œž‹Š—ž•Š›ȱ ™Ž‹‹•Žœȱ ˜ȱ œ–Š••ȱ ‹˜ž•Ž›œȱ ˜ȱ šžŠ›ĵ’Žǰȱ
Š–™‘’‹˜•’Žǰȱ Š—ȱ –ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žǯȱ ȱ Žȱ ŽœŒ›’‹Žœȱ ‘Žȱ ž—’ȱ Šœȱ ŽŠ”•¢ȱ ŒŽ–Ž—Žȱ ’‘ȱ Šȱ –Ž’ž–Ȭ›Š¢ȱ Œ˜•˜›ǯȱȱȱ
Š•˜—Š˜ȱŠ—ȱŽ••Ž¢ȱǻŘŖŖşǼȱ‘ŠŸŽȱ›ŽŒŽ—•¢ȱŽ¡™Š—Žȱ‘ŽȱžœŽȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŽ›–ȱ’’˜ȱ˜ȱ’—Œ•žŽȱ›˜Œ”œȱ™›ŽŸ’˜žœ•¢ȱ
’—Œ•žŽȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ‹’šž’žȱ˜›–Š’˜—ǯȱȱœȱ™›ŽœŽ—•¢ȱžœŽǰȱ‘’œȱŽ›–ȱœ’–™•¢ȱ’–™•’ŽœȱœŽ’–Ž—ȱ’—ȱ—˜›‘ȬŒŽ—›Š•ȱ
Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ȱ Ž›’ŸŽȱ ›˜–ȱ ›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œȱ œ˜ž›ŒŽœȱ ‘Šȱ ’œȱ —˜ȱ Ž–˜—œ›Š‹•¢ȱ Žšž’ŸŠ•Ž—ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ ˜ŒŽ—Žȱ •ȱ ’˜ȱ
˜›–Š’˜—ȱ˜›ȱ˜ȱ•’˜ŒŽ—Žȱ˜›ȱ¢˜ž—Ž›ȱŠŽǯ
78
Xoq 4045000
Tr
46
Xoq
74
Tr
1.2 b
4041000
4040000
0.4 a
Tlc
0.4 a
Xoq
3
Xoas
60
47
80
Xoq
Tlc
Tr
Qal
50
85
46
Qal
0.4 a
Qal
60
45
Qal
Qal/Tr
Qal
4
Tlc
Xoq
Tr
Xvbrq
Xvbrc
Qal/T
Qal
40 40
0.8 a Qal 40
Qal
Qal
Tr Tr
6 A 11
5
2.3
60
22
Xvmq
4046000
Tr
Qal/Tr Qal
Tr
4042000
36°30'0"N
5
0.5 a
9
Xoq
10
Tlc
58
56
Tlc
0.8 a
Tr
Qal
Xaos
Š’˜ȱ›˜ž™
Xoq
Tlc
line
Xa
3
6
ync
60
76
E
Qal Tr
0.25 d
Tlc
Qal
Tlc Tlc
Tr
Tlc
Tr
Tr
0.7 a
Tlc
Ta
1.2 a
aS
13
Qal
Tr
1.2 d
0.6 br
Tr
Qal
33 55
0.2 a
+b
62
44
19
Tr 58
79
Tlc
1.4 a
Qal
Tlc
A3
0.7 a
Jar
85
Tr
39
Qal
15
0.5 a
+r
0.2 q
Tlc
0.7 a
˜—˜ȱ›˜ž™
Š—•Ž¢ǰȱǯȱŠ—ȱ˜‹žœǰȱǯǯǰȱȱŗşŞŘǰȱŽŒ˜——Š’œœŠ—ŒŽȱŽ˜•˜’ŒȱŠ™ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŠœȱŠ‹•ŠœȱžŠ›Š—•Žǰȱ’˜ȱ››’‹Šȱ
˜ž—¢ǰȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ǰȱŽ ȱŽ¡’Œ˜ȱž›ŽŠžȱ˜ȱ’—ŽœȱŠ—ȱ’—Ž›Š•ȱŽœ˜ž›ŒŽœȱŠ™ȱȱŗŚŖŞǯ
Ÿ›ȱ
Š’˜ȱ ›˜ž™ȱ ž—’Ÿ’Žȱ ǻ–Š’—•¢ȱ –ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽǼȮȱ ’–’•Š›ȱ ˜ȱ ˜œ˜œȱ ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ Š—ȱ ŽŠŒŠȱ œŒ‘’œȱ ‹žȱ
œ›Š’›Š™‘’ŒŠ••¢ȱ ž—Ž›•¢’—ȱ ‘Žȱ ’ȱ ’Œ”ȱ Œ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ Š—ȱ šžŠ›ĵ’Žǯȱ ’—ŽȬ›Š’—Žȱ ˜•’ŠŽȱ ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ
Œ˜—Š’—’—ȱšžŠ›ĵǰȱ™•Š’˜Œ•ŠœŽǰȱȬŽ•œ™Š›ǰȱ–žœŒ˜Ÿ’ŽǰȱŠ—ȱ’›˜—ȱ˜¡’Žœǰȱ ’‘ȱ›Š›Žȱ‹’˜’ŽǰȱŽ™’˜ŽǰȱŠ—ȱŠ›—Žǯȱ
˜ŒŠ••¢ȱ‘Šœȱ’œ’—Œ’ŸŽȱŽ–‹Š¢ŽȱšžŠ›ĵȱŠ—ȱ–’Œ›˜Œ•’—Žȱ––ȬœŒŠ•Žȱ™‘Ž—˜Œ›¢œœȱŠ—ȱ›’‹‹˜—œǯȱŠ›”ȱŠ—ȱ˜›Š—Žȱ
™ŠŒ‘Žœȱ˜—ȱ˜•’Š’˜—ȱœž›ŠŒŽœȱ–Š¢ȱ›Ž™›ŽœŽ—ȱŽ˜›–Žȱ™ž–’ŒŽȱŒ•Šœœǯȱœ‘ȱ̘ ȱ•Š¢Ž›’—ȱ•˜ŒŠ••¢ȱ™›ŽœŽ›ŸŽȱŠ—ȱ
–Š™™Žȱ Šœȱ ™›’–Š›¢ȱ •Š¢Ž›’—ȱ ǻ‹Ž’—ȱ œ¢–‹˜•Ǽǯȱ ‘Žȱ ž—’ȱ ’œȱ Ž¡ž›Š••¢ȱ ‘ŽŽ›˜Ž—Ž˜žœȱ ’‘ȱ ’—Ž›•Š¢Ž›œȱ ˜ȱ
œŒ‘’œ˜œŽȱ •Š¢Ž›œǯȱ —’ȱ ›ŠŽœȱ ’—˜ȱ –’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱ šžŠ›ĵ’Žœȱ Š—ȱ Š•ž–’—˜žœȱ œŒ‘’œœȱ ǻŸ‹›Œǰȱ Ÿ‹›šǰȱ Ÿ™œǰȱ ŸŠœǰȱ
Ÿ™ŽǼȱ–Š”’—ȱž—’šžŽȱ’Ž—’ęŒŠ’˜—ȱ’—ȱ–Š—¢ȱŠ›ŽŠœȱ’ĜŒž•ǯȱ
Šȱ
Ž›’Š›¢ȱ ‹’šž’žȱ ˜›–Š’˜—ȱ ǻ•’˜ŒŽ—Ȭ’˜ŒŽ—ŽǻǵǼǼȱ Ž›¢ȱ ™˜˜›•¢ȱ Ž¡™˜œŽDzȱ ›’Š‹•ŽǻǵǼDzȱ
•’‘ȬŠ—Ȭ˜Ȭ ‘’Ž’œ‘Dzȱ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ Ž••ȱœ˜›ŽDzȱœž‹›˜ž—ŽȬ˜Ȭœž‹Š—ž•Š›Dzȱ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱŒŽ–Ž—ŽȱœŠ—¢Ȧœ’•¢ȱ
™Ž‹‹•ŽȱŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱŠ—ȱ™Ž‹‹•¢ȱœŠ—œ˜—ŽǻǵǼǯȱȱŽę—’’˜—ȱ˜ȱŠȱ‹˜ž—Š›¢ȱ‹Ž ŽŽ—ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱŠ—ȱ
‹’šž’žȱ˜›–Š’˜—ȱ˜—ȱ‘’œȱšžŠ›Š—•Žȱ’œȱŠ›‹’›Š›¢ȱ‹ŽŒŠžœŽȱ˜ȱ™˜˜›ȱŽ¡™˜œž›Žǯȱȱ•˜ŠȱŠ•˜—ȱ‘Žȱ•˜ Ž›ȱ™Š›ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ
œŽŽ™ȱœ•˜™Žœȱ˜—ȱ‘Žȱ ŽœŽ›—ȱŽŽȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱšžŠ›Š—•Žȱ‘Šœȱ›Ž•Š’ŸŽ•¢ȱ–˜›Žȱ™ž–’ŒŽȱŠ—ȱœŽŽ–œȱ˜ȱ‹Žȱ–˜›Žȱꗎȱ
›Š’—Žǯȱȱ‘Žȱ‹’šž’žȦ˜›’˜ȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ’œȱ‹ŽĴŽ›ȱŽę—Žȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱœ˜ž‘ȱǻŽ–™Ž›ȱŽȱŠ•ǰȱŘŖŖŞǼȱŠ—ȱ˜ž›ȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ’œȱ
™Š›’Š••¢ȱ ™›˜“ŽŒŽȱ ›˜–ȱ ‘Ž›Žǯȱ ȱ Ž•Š’ŸŽ•¢ȱ ™ž–’ŒŽȬ›’Œ‘ȱ ‹Žœȱ Š›Žȱ ˜ž—ȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ ˜›’˜ȱ ȱ Ž–‹Ž›ȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ
œ˜ž‘ ŽœŽ›—ȱ™Š›ȱ˜ȱœŽŒ’˜—ȱŗřȱŘŝDZŝȱ˜—ȱ‘Žȱ‘Š—’—ȱ Š••ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŠž•ȱ˜ž—ȱ‘Ž›Žǯȱȱ‘ŽœŽȱ‹ŽœȱŒ˜ž•ȱ‹Žȱ
Œ˜—œ’Ž›Žȱ™Š›ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ‹’šž’žȱ˜›–Š’˜—ǯȱȱȱȱ
Xoq
Tr
Tr
8
Xoq
Xoq
Xoq
Tlc
9
59
Tr
E
A 2210
La
’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œ
11
5
7
62
Tr Qal 40
45
Qal
A9
5
5
Tr
60
Qal
0.4 a
Xoq
Tr
Tlc
Qal
Tlc
48
Xoq
10
6
Tr
—Œ˜—˜›–’¢ȱ
20
Xoq
Tr
˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ˜ȱ˜œȱ’—˜œȱ˜›–Š’˜—
4047000
56 Xoq
A 13
4
A 16
Tlc
Š›•¢ȱ’˜ŒŽ—ŽǻǵǼȱŠ—ȱȱ•’˜ŒŽ—Ž
Xvpr
Tlc
A4
1.0 b
Tlc
0.6 a
5 0.6 d
0.4 a
+m
53
Xoq 50
Tlc
63
’˜ŒŽ—ŽȱŠ—ȱ•ŠŽȱ•’˜ŒŽ—Ž
Š—•Ž¢ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ŗşŞŗǰȱ ŽŽę—’’˜—ȱ Š—ȱ ŽœŒ›’™’˜—ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ ˜œȱ ’—˜œȱ ˜›–Š’˜—˜ȱ —˜›‘ȬŒŽ—›Š•ȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ǯȱȱ
Ž˜•˜’ŒŠ•ȱ˜Œ’Ž¢ȱ˜ȱ–Ž›’ŒŠȱž••Ž’—ǰȱŸşŘȱ™ǯȱşŞŚȬşŞşǯȱ
Ÿ‹›ŒȱŠ—ȱŸ‹›šȱ
Š’˜ȱ ’ȱ ˜Œ”ȱ ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ Š—ȱ žŠ›ĵ’Žȱ Ȯȱ ›ŽŒ‘Žȱ Š—ȱ ˜•Žȱ ™Ž‹‹•Žȱ
–ŽŠŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽǻŸ‹›ŒǼȱ’—Ž›‹ŽŽȱ ’‘ȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱšžŠ›ĵ’ŽȱŠ—ȱŠ•ž–’—˜žœȱœŒ‘’œœȱǻŸ‹›šǼǰȱŒ˜—•˜–ŽŠŽȱ
ŸŠ›’Žœȱ ›˜–ȱ Œ•ŠœȬœž™™˜›Žȱ ˜ȱ –Š›’¡Ȭœž™™˜›Žȱ Š—ȱ ˜ŒŒž›œȱ ’—ȱ •Ž—œŽœȱ ’‘’—ȱ šžŠ›ĵ’Žǯȱ •Šœœȱ ’—Œ•žŽȱ
‹•ž’œ‘Ȭ›Š¢’œ‘ȱšžŠ›ĵ’ŽȱŠ—ȱŸŽ’—ȱšžŠ›ĵȱǻŽȱœ‘Š™Žǰȱž™ȱ˜ȱŗŖȱŒ–Ǽǰȱ‘’‘•¢ȱœ›ŽŒ‘ŽȱŽ•œ’ŒȱŸ˜•ŒŠ—’ŒȱŒ•Šœœȱǻž™ȱ˜ȱŗśȱ
Œ–ȱ •˜—Ǽǰȱ Š—ȱ Œ‘Ž›ȱ ǻ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ Ž••’™œ˜’Š•ȱ œ‘Š™ŽœǼǯȱ •Šœœȱ Š›Žȱ ¢™’ŒŠ••¢ȱ ̊ĴŽ—Žȱ Š—ȱ Ž•˜—ŠŽȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ –Š’—ȱ
˜•’Š’˜—ȱ ™•Š—Žȱ ǻŗǼǯȱ ‘Žȱ –Š›’¡ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Œ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ ŸŠ›’Žœȱ ›˜–ȱ šžŠ›ĵ’Žǰȱ ˜ȱ šžŠ›ĵȬ–žœŒ˜Ÿ’Žȱ œŒ‘’œǰȱ ˜ȱ
–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žǯȱ‘ŽȱšžŠ›ĵ’ŽœȱŒ˜—Š’—ȱ›˜ž‘ȱŒ›˜œœȱ‹Ž’—ǯȱ‘’œȱž—’ȱ•’”Ž•¢ȱŒ˜››Ž•ŠŽœȱ ’‘ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ
Ž¡™˜œŽȱ—ŽŠ›ȱ’ȱ˜Œ”ȱŠ—ȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ“˜ȱŠ•’Ž—ŽȱŠ—ȱŠȱŠŽ›ŠȱžŠ›Š—•Žœǯȱ‘Žȱ›ŠŠ’˜—Š•ȱ›Ž•Š’˜—œ‘’™ȱŠ—ȱ‘Žȱ
•˜ŒŠ’˜—ȱ˜ȱ›˜ž‘ȱŒ›˜œœȱ‹ŽŽȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱšžŠ›ĵ’Žœȱ‹˜‘ȱŠ‹˜ŸŽȱŠ—ȱ‹Ž•˜ ȱ•ŽŠȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ’—Ž›™›ŽŠ’˜—ȱ‘Šȱ‘Žȱ
Œ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ˜›–œȱŒ‘Š——Ž•œȱ’—ȱŠȱ̞Ÿ’Š•ȱŽ™˜œ’ǯȱ›ŠŠ’˜—ȱ˜ȱšžŠ›ĵ’Žœȱ˜ȱ›‘¢˜•’ŽȱŠ—ȱ›Š›Žȱ˜ŒŒž›Š—ŒŽȱ˜ȱ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ
Šœȱ–Š›’¡ȱ˜ȱ™Ž‹‹•ŽœȱœžŽœœȱ‘Žȱ̞Ÿ’Š•ȱŒ‘Š——Ž•ȱŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ ŠœȱŽ™˜œ’ŽȱŠ“ŠŒŽ—ȱ˜ȱ›‘¢˜•’’ŒȱŒŠ•Ž›Šœǯȱȱ
•Œȱ
˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ǰȱ˜œȱ’—˜œȱ˜›–Š’˜—ȱǻž™™Ž›–˜œȱ•’˜ŒŽ—ŽȬ•ŠŽȱ–’˜ŒŽ—ŽǼȱ˜›‘Ž›—ȱ¢™ŽDZȱ˜›‘ȱ˜ȱ
Ž•’™’˜ȱ Š—¢˜—ȱ ‘Žȱ ˜›’˜ȱ Ž–‹Ž›ȱ ’œȱ —˜Š‹•¢ȱ ’쎛Ž—ȱ ’—ȱ Œ•Šœȱ Œ˜–™˜œ’’˜—ȱ ›˜–ȱ ‘Žȱ œ˜ž‘Ž›—ȱ ¢™Žȱ
ŽœŒ›’‹ŽȱŠ‹˜ŸŽǰȱ Š•‘˜ž‘ȱ ˜‘Ž›ȱ Œ‘Š›ŠŒŽ›’œ’ŒœȱŠ›Žȱœ’–’•Š›ǯȱ˜–Žȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ •˜ Žœȱœ•˜™Žœȱ˜—ȱ‘Žȱ œ˜ž‘ȱ œ’Žȱ˜ȱ
Ž•’™’˜ȱ Š—¢˜—ȱ ‘ŠŸŽȱ ̘Šȱ œ’–’•Š›ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ —˜›‘Ž›—ȱ ¢™Žȱ ˜ȱ ˜›’˜ȱ Ž–‹Ž›ȱ ‹žȱ ˜—˜ȱ Š—¢˜—ȱ ǻ‘Žȱ —Ž¡ȱ
ŒŠ—¢˜—ȱœ˜ž‘Ǽȱ˜Žœȱ—˜ȱœŽŽ–ȱ˜ȱŒ˜—Š’—ȱŠ—¢ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŒ•Šœœȱž—’šžŽȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ—˜›‘Ž›—ȱ¢™Žȱ˜ȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱŠ—ȱ
‘’œȱ̘Šȱ–Š¢ȱ‹ŽȱŽ›’ŸŽȱ›˜–ȱ‘Žȱž—Ž›•¢’—ȱ’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽǯȱȱŠ‹•Žȱŗȱœ‘˜ œȱ‘Šȱ‘Žȱ—˜›‘Ž›—ȱ¢™Žȱ˜ȱ
˜›’˜ȱ–Ž–‹Ž›ȱŒ˜—Š’—œȱ–˜›ŽȱŠŒ’ŽȱŠ—ȱ›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œȱ›˜Œ”œȱ‘Š—ȱ‘Žȱœ˜ž‘Ž›—ȱ¢™Žǯȱȱ˜–Žȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŠŒ’Žȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ
—˜›‘Ž—ȱ¢™Žȱ’œȱœ’–’•Š›ȱ˜ȱ’œ’—Œ’ŸŽȱŠŒ’Žȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱœšž’ŸŽ•ȱ–Ž–‹Ž›ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ˜œȱ’—˜œȱ˜›–Š’˜—ȱǻ‹¢ǰȱŘŖŗŗǼǰȱ
Š—ȱœ˜–Žȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȱŒ•Šœœȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ—˜›‘Ž›—ȱ¢™Žȱ–Š¢ȱ‹Žȱ›Žœȱ’Ž›Šœȱ›Š—’ŽǯȱȱŽȱ‹Ž•’ŽŸŽȱ‘’œȱž—’ȱ’œȱŠȱ
›ŠŠ’˜—Š•ȱ™Š›ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱ›Ž™›ŽœŽ—’—ȱ–’¡’—ȱ˜ȱœšž’ŸŽ•ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱœŽ’–Ž—œǰȱŠ’›ȬꎕȱŽ‹›’œǰȱŠ—ȱ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œȱ ›˜Œ”œȱ ›˜–ȱ —ŽŠ›ȱ ›Žœȱ Ž’›ŠœǻǵǼǯȱ ȱ •‘˜ž‘ȱ Šȱ —Ž ȱ –Ž–‹Ž›ȱ Œ˜ž•ȱ ‹Žȱ Žę—Žȱ ‹ŠœŽȱ ˜—ȱ ‘ŽœŽȱ
’쎛Ž—ŒŽœȱ Žȱ‹Ž•’ŽŸŽȱ’ȱ’œȱ‹ŽœȱŠȱ™›ŽœŽ—ȱ˜ȱ’—Œ•žŽȱŠ••ȱ›˜Œ”œȱŒ˜—Š’—’—ȱ–Š•’Šȱžěȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ǯȱȱ
˜ŠŒžȱŽ¡™˜œž›ŽœȱŠ•˜—ȱȱŚŘȱǻŒ˜ž—ȱŗřȱŠ‹•ŽȱŗǼȱŒ˜—Š’—ȱŠ‹ž—Š—ȱŠŒ’ŽȱŒ•ŠœœȱŠ—ȱ›Ž•Š’ŸŽ•¢ȱŒ˜––˜—ȱ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȱŒ•ŠœœȱŠ—ȱ–Š¢ȱ‹ŽȱŠ—ȱȇ˜ž•¢’—ȇȱ™Š›ȱ˜ȱ‘’œȱ—˜›‘Ž›—ȱ¢™Žǯ
Xvmq
’™–Š—ǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ Š—ȱ Ž‘—Ž›ǰȱ ǯ
ǯǰȱ ŗşŝşǰȱ ‘Žȱ Š˜œȱ •ŠŽŠžȱ Ÿ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ ꎕǰȱ —˜›‘Ž›—ȱ ’˜ȱ ›Š—Žȱ ›’ǰȱ Ž ȱ
Ž¡’Œ˜ǰȱ’—ȱ’ŽŒ”Ž›ǰȱǯǯǰȱŽǯǰȱ’˜ȱ›Š—Žȱ›’DZȱŽŒ˜—’ŒœȱŠ—ȱ–Š–Š’œ–DZȱȱŠœ‘’—˜—ǰȱ–Ž›’ŒŠ—ȱŽ˜™‘¢œ’ŒŠ•ȱ
—’˜—ǰȱ™ǯȱŘŞŖȬřŗŗǯ
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65
Xr
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4048000
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53
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Ž™›Žœœ’˜—ȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱœ˜ž‘Ž›—ȱ˜Œ”¢ȱ˜ž—Š’—œDZȱȱŽ˜•˜’ŒŠ•ȱ˜Œ’Ž¢ȱ˜ȱ–Ž›’ŒŠǰȱŽ–˜’›ȱŗŚŚǰȱ™ǯȱŗŗşȬŗśŚǯȱ
on
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70
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55
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68
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Tr
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77
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4
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4047000
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85
1.3 a
1.0 a
Tr
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Qal
7
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3.0 a 1.2 m
6 A 12
Qal
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Big R
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Xvmq 56
0.7 a
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s An
Mc
S Int
An prin yre
tic gs
lin
e
0.7 a10
0.4 8b
Tr
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1.8 r
Qal
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QTg 4049000
Tlc
12
Qal
—’œ
•Ž’œ˜ŒŽ—Žȱ
Š—Ȧ˜›ȱ
˜•˜ŒŽ—Ž
36°35'0"N
2.0 d
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2.5 b
0.4 d
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Qal
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Tr
Ÿ™›ȱ Š’˜ȱ˜œ˜œȱŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽȬȱŽ••˜ ’œ‘ȱ˜›Š—Žȱ˜ȱ˜›Š—’œ‘ȱŠ—ȱ˜ȱ™’—”’œ‘ȱ›Š¢ȱ’—ȱŒ˜•˜›ǯȱȱŽŠ‘Ž›œȱ˜ȱŠ—ȱ
˜›Š—ŽȬ›Ž’œ‘ȱ˜›Š—ŽȱŒ˜•˜›ǯȱ’—Žȱ›Š’—Žȱ˜•’ŠŽȱ–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽȱŒ˜—Š’—’—ȱꗎȬ›Š’—ŽȱšžŠ›ĵǰȱ™•Š’˜Œ•ŠœŽǰȱ
ȬŽ•œ™Š›ǰȱ–žœŒ˜Ÿ’ŽǰȱŠ—ȱ’›˜—ȱ˜¡’Žœǰȱ ’‘ȱ›Š›Žȱ‹’˜’ŽǰȱŽ™’˜ŽǰȱŠ—ȱŠ›—Žǯȱ
Šœȱ’œ’—Œ’ŸŽȱŽ–‹Š¢ŽȱšžŠ›ĵȱ
Š—ȱ –’Œ›˜Œ•’—Žȱ ––ȬœŒŠ•Žȱ ™‘Ž—˜Œ›¢œœȱ Š—ȱ ›’‹‹˜—œǯȱ Š›”ȱ Š—ȱ ˜›Š—Žȱ ™ŠŒ‘Žœȱ ˜—ȱ ˜•’Š’˜—ȱ œž›ŠŒŽœȱ –Š¢ȱ
›Ž™›ŽœŽ—ȱ Ž˜›–Žȱ ™ž–’ŒŽȱ Œ•Šœœǯȱ œ‘ȱ ̘ ȱ •Š¢Ž›’—ȱ •˜ŒŠ••¢ȱ ™›ŽœŽ›ŸŽȱ Š—ȱ –Š™™Žȱ Šœȱ ™›’–Š›¢ȱ •Š¢Ž›’—ȱ
ǻ‹Ž’—ȱ œ¢–‹˜•Ǽǯȱ ‘’œȱ ž—’ȱ ’œȱ Œ˜››Ž•Š’ŸŽȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Ž››˜ȱ ˜•˜›Š˜ȱ –ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ Š—ȱ ‘Žȱ ››˜¢˜ȱ Š—Œ‘˜ȱ
–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ ǻ’œ‘˜™ǰȱ ŗşşŝǼǰȱ Šœȱ Ž••ȱ Šœȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ ž›—Žȱ ˜ž—Š’—ȱ –ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ ǻŠ›”Ž›ǰȱ ŗşśŞǼǯȱ ‘Žȱ Ž››˜ȱ
˜•˜›Š˜ȱ–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’Žȱ‘Šœȱ‹ŽŽ—ȱŠŽȱŠȱDžŗǯŝŖȱŠȱ‹ŠœŽȱ˜—ȱ£’›Œ˜—œȱǻŠ—£’›˜Ĵ’ȱ™Ž›œ˜—Š•ȱŒ˜––ž—’ŒŠ’˜—ȱŗşşŜȱ
˜ȱ’œ‘˜™ǰȱŗşşŝǼDzȱž›—Žȱ˜ž—Š’—ȱ–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽȱŠ•œ˜ȱ‘ŠœȱŠȱDžȱŗǯŝŖȱŠȱŠŽȱǻ’•ŸŽ›ǰȱž—™ž‹•’œ‘ŽǼǯȱ‘’œȱž—’ȱ‘Šœȱ
‹ŽŽ—ȱ’—Ž›™›ŽŽȱ‹¢ȱœŽŸŽ›Š•ȱ ˜›”Ž›œȱ˜ȱ‘ŠŸŽȱ˜›’’—Š••¢ȱ‹ŽŽ—ȱŠœ‘ȱ̘ ȱžěœȱǻžœǰȱŗşřŝDzȱŠ‘—œǰȱŗşŚŜDzȱ›Ž’–Š—ǰȱ
ŗşŝŝǼǯȱ‘Žȱž—’ȱ’œȱŽ¡ž›Š••¢ȱ‘ŽŽ›˜Ž—Ž˜žœȱ ’‘ȱ’—Ž›•Š¢Ž›œȱ˜ȱœŒ‘’œ˜œŽȱ•Š¢Ž›œǯȱ—’ȱ›ŠŽœȱ’—˜ȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱ
šžŠ›ĵ’ŽœȱǻŸ–šȱŠ—ȱŸ‹›šǼǰȱœŒ‘’œ˜œŽȱ–ŽŠ›‘¢˜•’ŽœȱǻŸœ›ǼǰȱŠ—ȱ˜•’ŠŽȱ™Š›œȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ›Žœȱ’Ž›Žœȱ›Š—’Žȱ
ǻ™Ǽȱ–Š”’—ȱž—’šžŽȱ’Ž—’ęŒŠ’˜—ȱ’—ȱ–Š—¢ȱŠ›ŽŠœȱ’ĜŒž•ǯȱ
‘Žȱ•˜ Ž›ȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ’ȱ˜ŸŽ›•’Žœȱ‘Žȱ’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ’œȱ—˜ȱžœžŠ••¢ȱŽ¡™˜œŽȱžŽȱ
˜ȱ Š‹ž—Š—ȱ Ž›’žœȱ Ž›’ŸŽȱ ›˜–ȱ ‘Žȱ ˜›’˜ǰȱ ‘˜ ŽŸŽ›ǰȱ ‘Žȱ ›Š—œ’’˜—ȱ ›˜–ȱ Ÿ˜ŒŠ—’ŒȬŒ•Šœȱ ˜–’—ŠŽȱ ˜ȱ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’ŒȱŒ•Šœȱ˜–’—ŠŽȱ̘Šȱ’œȱžœžŠ••¢ȱŠ‹›ž™ȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ’ȱ’œȱŽ¡™˜œŽǯȱ—ȱŽ¡ŒŽ™’˜—ȱ˜ȱ‘’œȱŠ‹›ž™ȱ›Š—œ’’˜—ȱ
’œȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ Š›ŽŠȱ Žœȱ ˜ȱ ŠšžŽœȱ Š—¢˜—ȱ Š—”ȱ Ǜȱ ŗȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ œ˜ž‘ŽŠœŽ›—ȱ ™Š›ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ žŠ›Š—•Žǯȱ ȱ Ž›Žȱ Žȱ ‘ŠŸŽȱ
–Š™™Žȱ Š—ȱ ’—Ž›‹ŽŽȱ Š—Ȧ˜›ȱ ›ŠŠ’˜—Š•ȱ Œ˜—ŠŒȱ Šœȱ ›Š›Žȱ Ž¡™˜œž›Žœȱ œ‘˜ ȱ ‘Šȱ ’—’Ÿ’žŠ•ȱ ‹Žœȱ ˜ȱ ’’˜ȱ
˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱŠ›Žȱ‹Ž•˜ ȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ‹Žœȱ’—ȱ‘’œȱŠ›ŽŠǯȱŽȱŽ—Ž›Š••¢ȱ™•ŠŒŽȱ‘ŽȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ‹Ž ŽŽ—ȱ˜›’˜ȱ
Ž–‹Ž›ȱ Š—ȱ ’’˜ȱ ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ Šȱ DžŗśƖȱ Ÿ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ Œ•Šœœǰȱ ‘˜ ŽŸŽ›ǰȱ —ŽŠ›ȱ ‘Žȱ Œ˜—ŠŒȱ ‹Ž ŽŽ—ȱ ‘ŽœŽȱ ž—’œȱ
’—’Ÿ’žŠ•ȱ‹ŽœȱŒ˜—Š’—’—ȱǁȱŗśƖȱŸ˜•ŒŠ—’ŒȱŒ•Šœœȱ–Š¢ȱ‹Žȱ’—Œ•žŽȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ–Š™™Žȱ’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱǻŽǯǯȱ’—ȱ
‘Žȱ ŽœŽ›—ȱ ™Š›ȱ ˜ȱ œŽŒ’˜—ȱ śȱ ŘŜDZŝǼȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ ’—Œ•ž’—ȱ ‘Ž–ȱ ˜ž•ȱ ŒŠžœŽȱ ž——ŽŒŽœœŠ›’•¢ǻǵǼȱ Š‹›ž™ȱ
™Ž›ž›‹Š’˜—œȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ –Š™ȱ ™ŠĴŽ›—ǯȱ ‘Žȱ Š‹ž—Š—ȱ Ž‹›’œȱ œ‘Žȱ ‹¢ȱ ‘Žȱ ˜›’˜ȱ Ž–‹Ž›ȱ ˜Ž—ȱ –Š”Žœȱ ™›ŽŒ’œŽȱ
•˜ŒŠ’˜—ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ•˜ Ž›ȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ’–™˜œœ’‹•ŽȱŠ—ȱœ˜–Žȱȃ˜ž•¢’—Ȅȱ™˜•¢˜—œȱ˜ȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱǻŽǯǯȱ’—ȱ‘ŽȱȱŗȦŚȱ
˜ȱ ŽŒ’˜—ȱ ŗŚȱ ŘŝDZŝǼȱ –Š¢ȱ ‹Žȱ Œ˜–™˜œŽȱ ˜ȱ œžŒ‘ȱ Ž‹›’œǯȱ ȱ ‘Žȱ •˜ Ž›ȱ Œ˜—ŠŒȱ œ‘˜ž•ȱ ‹Žȱ Œ˜—œ’Ž›Žȱ
Š™™›˜¡’–ŠŽ•¢ȱȱ•˜ŒŠŽȱ’—ȱ–˜œȱŒŠœŽœȱŠ—ȱ™Š›’Œž•Š›•¢ȱŠ‹˜ŸŽȱDžŞśŖŖȱŽŽȱŽ•ŽŸŠ’˜—ȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ‘’Œ”ȱžěȱŒ˜––˜—•¢ȱ
Œ˜ŸŽ›œȱ‘Žœž›ŠŒŽȱŠ—ȱŽŸŽ—ȱ̘Šȱ’œȱ˜Ž—ȱ›Š›Žǯȱȱȱȱȱ
CORRELATION DIAGRAM
Qal
ŸŠȱ
Š’˜ȱ–™‘’‹˜•’ŽȱȱȮȱ˜•’ŠŽȱ˜ȱ–Šœœ’ŸŽȱŠ–™‘’‹˜•’Žȱ‘Šȱ˜ŒŒž›œȱŠœȱ™˜œǰȱ’”ŽœǰȱŠ—ȱŒ˜—’—ž˜žœȱ•Š¢Ž›œȱ
‘ŠȱŠ›Žȱ’—Ž›‹ŽŽȱ ’‘ȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱšžŠ›ĵ’ŽœȱǻŸ–šǼȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ’˜ Šȱ˜ž—Š’—ȱœ¢—Œ•’—Žǯȱ˜—œ’œœȱ˜ȱ‘˜›—‹•Ž—Žǰȱ
™•Š’˜Œ•ŠœŽȱŽ•œ™Š›ǰȱŠœȱ Ž••ȱŠœȱŒ‘•˜›’ŽȱŠ—ȱŠŒ’—˜•’ŽDzȱ›ŠŽœȱ’—˜ȱŠ›ŽŠœȱ›’Œ‘ȱ’—ȱ˜ž›–Š•’—Žǯȱ˜•’Š’˜—ȱŽę—Žȱ‹¢ȱ
’—Ž›Ȭ•Š¢Ž›ŽȱŠ–™‘’‹˜•ŽȱŠ—ȱ™•Š’˜Œ•ŠœŽȱŽ•œ™Š›Ȭ›’Œ‘ȱ•Š¢Ž›œǯȱ›’–Š›¢ȱŽ¡ž›ŽœȱŠ›Žȱ›Š›Žȱ‹žȱ’—Œ•žŽȱŠ–¢Š•˜’Š•ȱ
Ž¡ž›Žœǯȱ—’ȱ’œȱ’—Ž›™›ŽŽȱ˜ȱ’—Œ•žŽȱ‹˜‘ȱ–ŽŠ‹ŠœŠ•’Œȱ̘ œȱŠ—ȱ‘¢™Š‹¢œœŠ•ȱ’—›žœ’ŸŽȱœ’••œȱŠ—ȱ’”Žœǯȱ
‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱ’œȱŒ•ŽŠ›•¢ȱŽ›’ŸŽȱ›˜–ȱ‘ŽȱŠ’›ȱ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ’Ž•ȱ‹ŠœŽȱ˜—ȱ‘Žȱ™›ŽœŽ—ŒŽȱ˜ȱŠ‹ž—Š—ȱœ’•’Œ’ŒȱŸ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ
Ž›’žœȱ’—Œ•ž’—ȱ–Š•’Šȱžěǯȱȱ
˜ ŽŸŽ›ǰȱ—˜ȱ™•ž˜—’Œȱ›˜Œ”œȱ›˜–ȱ‘ŽȱŠ’›ȱꎕȱŠ›Žȱ˜ž—ȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ǰȱŠ•‘˜ž‘ȱ
‘Ž¢ȱŠ›ŽȱŠ‹ž—Š—•¢ȱŽ¡™˜œŽȱ’—ȱ‘ŽȱŠ’›ȱ’Ž•ȱŠȱ™›ŽœŽ—ȱǻ’™–Š—ȱŠ—ȱŽŽǰȱŗşŞşǼǯȱȱ‘Žȱ•Š›ŽœȱŒ•Šœœȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱ
Š›Žȱ˜Ž—ȱꗎȬ˜Ȭ–Ž’ž–ȱ›Š’—ŽȱȇŠŒ’Žȇȱ‘Šȱ–Š¢ȱ’—’ŒŠŽȱ–˜›Žȱ™›˜¡’–Š•ȱŒ˜—›’‹ž’˜—œȱ˜ȱ‘’œȱ¢™Žȱ˜ȱ–ŠŽ›’Š•ǯ
80
Tlc
Tr
9
2.0 b
1.3 b
Tr
Tlc
Xvmq
Tr
4
Qal
14
Tr
A 14
A 19
2.5 b
’¡Žȱž—’ȱ˜ȱžŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱ••žŸ’ž–ȱŠ—ȱžŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱœ›ŽŠ–ȱ›ŠŸŽ•
Tr
žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŠ—Ȧ˜›ȱŽ›’Š›¢ȱ›ŠŸŽ•
Ž›¢ȱ ™˜˜›•¢Ȭ˜Ȭ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ Ž••ȱ Ž¡™˜œŽDzȱ •’‘ȱ Š—Ȭ˜Ȭ ‘’’œ‘Dzȱ •˜˜œŽȬ˜Ȭ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ œ›˜—Dzȱ –˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ
Ž••Ȭ˜Ȭ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ ™˜˜›•¢ȱ œ˜›ŽDzȱ œž‹›˜ž—ŽȬ˜Ȭœž‹Š—ž•Š›Dzȱ ‘’—Ȭ˜Ȭ‘’Œ”ȱ Š‹ž•Š›Ȭ˜Ȭ•Ž—œ˜’Š••¢ȱ ‹ŽŽDzȱ
ŽŠ”•¢Ȭ˜Ȭœ›˜—•¢ȱ ŒŽ–Ž—ŽDzȱ œŠ—¢ȱ Œ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽǰȱ ›ŠŸŽ••¢ȱ œŠ—œ˜—Žȱ Š—ȱ œ’•¢ȱ œŠ—œ˜—Žȱ ˜–’—ŠŽȱ ‹¢ȱ
Ž•œ’Œȱ›ŠŸŽ•ȱŒ•Šœœȱ ’‘ȱœž‹˜›’—ŠŽȱ’—Ž›–Ž’ŠŽȱŒ˜–™˜œ’’˜—ȱŒ•ŠœœȱŠ—ȱ›Ž•Š’ŸŽ•¢ȱ›Š›Žȱ–ŠęŒȱŠ—ȱ™›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œȱ
Œ•ŠœœǯȱȱŠž›Š•ȱŽ¡™˜œž›ŽœȱŠ›Žȱ˜–’—ŠŽȱ‹¢ȱ Ž••ȱŒŽ–Ž—ŽȱŒ˜‹‹•ŽȱŠ—ȱ‹˜ž•Ž›ȱŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽǰȱ‹žȱ‘Žȱ–Š“˜›’¢ȱ
˜ȱ›˜ŠȱŒžȱŽ¡™˜œž›ŽœȱŠ›ŽȱŒ˜Š›œŽȬ˜Ȭꗎȱœ’•¢ȱ™Ž‹‹•¢ȱœŠ—œ˜—ŽȱŠ—ȱœŠ—¢ȱ™Ž‹‹•ŽȱŒ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽǯȱ
Tr Qal
Tr
Xvmq
73
Ÿ–šȱ Š’˜ȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱšžŠ›ĵ’ŽȱȮȱŠ—ǰȱ›Š¢’œ‘ȱ ‘’Žȱ˜ȱ›ŽŽ—’œ‘ȱ ‘’Žȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱŠ—ȱŽ•œ™Š‘’ŒȱšžŠ›ĵ’Žǯȱ
‘’œȱ ž—’ȱ ’œȱ œŒ‘’œ˜œŽǰȱ ›Š—Žœȱ ›˜–ȱ ꗎȬ˜Ȭ–Ž’ž–ȱ ›Š’—Žȱ ’‘ȱ –’ŒŠȱ Œ˜—Ž—ȱ ŸŠ›¢’—ȱ ‹Ž ŽŽ—ȱ ŗŖȬřŖƖǯȱ
˜—œ’œœȱ˜ȱšžŠ›ĵǰȱ–žœŒ˜Ÿ’ŽǰȱȬœ™Š›ǰȱ‹’˜’Žǰȱ‘Ž–Š’ŽǰȱŠ—ȱŽ™’˜Žǯȱ˜ŒŠ••¢ȱŒ˜—Š’—œȱ›˜ž‘ȱŒ›˜œœ‹Žœǯȱ‘’œȱ
ž—’ȱ’œȱŒ˜››Ž•ŠŽȱ˜ȱ–šȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ“˜ȱŠ•’Ž—ŽȱžŠ›Š—•Žȱǻ˜—’—ȱŠ—ȱ˜‘Ž›œǰȱŘŖŖśǼȱŠ—ȱ–šžȱ’—ȱ‘ŽȱŠȱŠŽ›Šȱ
žŠ›Š—•Žȱǻ˜—’—ȱŽȱŠ•ǯǰȱŘŖŖŝǼǯȱȱ’œȱ’—Ž›™›ŽŽȱ˜ȱ‹ŽȱŠȱ–ŽŠȬŠ›”˜œŽȱȱ˜ȱ–ŽŠȬ•’‘Š›Ž—’Žȱ˜ȱ˜–’—Š—•¢ȱ̞Ÿ’Š•ȱ
˜›’’—ȱǻ‹ŽŒŠžœŽȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ›˜ž‘ȱŒ›˜œœȱ‹Ž’—ȱŠ—ȱ’––Šž›ŽȱŒ˜–™˜œ’’˜—Ǽȱ‘Šȱ›Ž™›ŽœŽ—œȱŠȱ›ŠŠ’˜—Š•ȱ›Š—œ’’˜—ȱ
›˜–ȱ‘Žȱ–’ŒŠŒŽ˜žœȱšžŠ›ĵ’Žœȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŠ’˜ȱ›˜ž™ȱǻŸ–šǼȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱšžŠ›ĵŠ›Ž—’Žœȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ
˜—˜ȱ›˜ž™ǯȱ
•Œȱ
˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ǰȱ˜œȱ’—˜œȱ˜›–Š’˜—ȱǻž™™Ž›–˜œȱ•’˜ŒŽ—ŽȬ•ŠŽȱ–’˜ŒŽ—ŽǼȱ˜ž‘Ž›—ȱ¢™ŽDZȱŠ‹•Žȱŗȱ
œ‘˜ œȱ‘Šȱ ˜ȱ¢™Žœȱ˜ȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱŠ›ŽȱŽ¡™˜œŽȱ˜—ȱ‘’œȱšžŠ›Š—•Žǯȱȱ‘Žȱ˜••˜ ’—ȱŽœŒ›’™’˜—ȱ’œȱ˜›ȱ‘Žȱ
˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱœ˜ž‘ȱ˜ȱ‘’•’™’˜ȱŠ—¢˜—ǯȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ Šœȱ—Š–Žȱ‹¢ȱž•Ž›ȱǻŗşŚŜǼȱȱ˜›ȱŠ—˜—ȱŽȱ
’˜ȱ˜›’˜ȱǻž—Œ•ŽȱŠĴ¢ȇœȱŒŠ—¢˜—Ǽȱœ˜ž‘ȱ˜ȱ›Žœȱ’Ž›Šœȱ˜—ȱ‘ŽȱŽŠŒŠȱŽŠ”ȱžŠ›Š—•Žȱǯ
4050000
Xvmq
Š•Ȧ›ȱ žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŠ••žŸ’ž–ȱ˜ŸŽ›•¢’—ȱ’’˜ȱ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽ
Tertiary Sedimentary Rocks
•ȱ
žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱ •Š—œ•’Žȱ Š—œ•’Žȱ Ž™˜œ’œȱ Žę—Žȱ ‹¢ȱ ™›ŽœŽ—ŒŽȱ ˜ȱ œ–Š••ȱ ™˜—œǰȱ ‘ž––˜Œ”¢ȱ
˜™˜›Š™‘¢ǰȱŠ—Ȧ˜›ȱȇ‹ŠŒ”’•Žȇȱ‹Ž’—ǯ
36
78
Xoq
2.0 d
+r
Xoq 85
Xoq
Xa
Tlc
Tr
Qg
Tr
Tr
0.3 r
Xvmq
6
Tlc
A 18
55
Tlc
70
Xvmq
40
Š•ȱŠ—ȱȱȱ
0.5 r
Qal
Xvmq
Tr
Tlc
Tr
2.0 m
Qal
Qal
0.5 a
QTg
Š’˜ȱ›˜ž™ȱǻ—Œ•žŽœȱŠœœ˜Œ’ŠŽȱ–ŽŠœŽ’–Ž—Š›¢ȱŠ—ȱ–ŽŠŸ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ›˜Œ”œǼȱ
•Œ•ȱ
Š—œ•’Žȱ ‹•˜Œ”ȱ Œ˜–™˜œŽȱ Ž—’›Ž•¢ȱ ˜ȱ ˜›’˜ȱ Ž–‹Ž›ȱ œŽ’–Ž—œȱ Š—œ•’Žȱ Ž™˜œ’œȱ Žę—Žȱ ‹¢ȱ
™›ŽœŽ—ŒŽȱ˜ȱœ–Š••ȱ™˜—œǰȱ‘ž––˜Œ”¢ȱ˜™˜›Š™‘¢ǰȱŠ—Ȧ˜›ȱȇ‹ŠŒ”’•Žȇȱ‹Ž’—ǯ
ȱ
—’쎛Ž—’ŠŽȱ žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱ ›ŠŸŽ•ȱ Ž™˜œ’œǯȱ ȱ ˜˜›•¢ȱ Ž¡™˜œŽDzȱ ŸŠ›’Š‹•¢ȱ Œ˜•˜›ŽDzȱ •˜˜œŽDzȱ –˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ
œ˜›ŽDzȱ œž‹Š—ž•Š›Ȭ˜Ȭ Ž••ȱ ›˜ž—ŽDzȱ ȱ œŠ—¢ȱ Œ˜‹‹•ŽȬ˜Ȭ‹˜ž•Ž›ȱ Œ˜—•˜–Ž›ŠŽȱ Š—ȱ ™Ž‹‹•¢ȱ œŠ—ǯȱ ȱ ‘’œȱ ž—’ȱ
Œ˜—œ’œœȱ–˜œ•¢ȱ˜ȱŽ››ŠŒŽȱ›ŠŸŽ•ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ’˜ȱŠ••ŽŒ’˜œȱŠ—ȱ˜‘Ž›ȱœ›ŽŠ–œǯȱȱ•ŠœȱŒ˜–™˜œ’’˜—ȱ˜–’—ŠŽȱ‹¢ȱ
›˜Ž›˜£˜’Œȱ›˜Œ”ȱ¢™Žœȱ ’‘ȱœž‹˜›’—ŠŽȱŽ›’Š›¢ȱŸ˜•ŒŠ—’ŒȱŒ•Šœœȱ•˜ŒŠ••¢ǯȱȱœ’–ŠŽȱŗȬŝȱ–ȱ‘’Œ”ǯȱȱȱȱȱ
Tlc
2.5 a
0.4 a
0.5 a
72
Qg
ETr
Qc
0.3 a
Š•Ȧȱ žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŠ••žŸ’ž–ȱ˜ŸŽ›•¢’—ȱž—ŒŽ›Š’—ȱŽ›’Š›¢ȱž—’ǻœǼ
ŽȱŠœǰȱǯǯǰȱŽȱŠ’›Žǰȱǯǯǰȱ›ŽŒ”Ž’œŽ—ǰȱǯǰȱŠ—ȱŠ—ŽĴ’—ǰȱǯǰȱŗşŞŜǰȱȱŒ‘Ž–’ŒŠ•ȱŒ•Šœœ’ęŒŠ’˜—ȱ˜ȱŸ˜•ŒŠ—’Œȱ›˜Œ”œȱ
‹ŠœŽȱ˜—ȱ‘Žȱ˜Š•ȱŠ•”Š•’Ȭœ’•ŒŠȱ’Š›Š–DZȱȱ˜ž›—Š•ȱ˜ȱŽ›˜•˜¢ǰȱŸǯȱŘŝǰȱ™ǯȱŝŚśȬŝśŖǯ
rZ
Tlc
Qal
11
Qc
12
0.5 a
Qal
Tr
Tlc
Tlc
16
2.0 a
Qal 0.3 a 5 0.3 a
A 17
A 15 Tlc
Xvmq
Tr
1.3 a
Š•Ȧ•Œȱ žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŠ••žŸ’ž–ȱ˜ŸŽ›•¢’—ȱ‘Žȱ˜›’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ˜œȱ’—˜œȱ˜›–Š’˜—
ȱ
Œȱ
žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱ˜••žŸ’ž–ǯȱ˜••žŸ’ž–ȱ’œȱŒ˜––˜—ȱ‘›˜ž‘˜žȱ‘ŽȱšžŠ›Š—•Žȱ‹žȱ’œȱ˜—•¢ȱ–Š™™Žȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ’ȱ
Œ˜–™•ŽŽ•¢ȱ˜‹œŒž›Žœȱ›Ž•Š’˜—œȱȱ Š–˜—ȱ˜•Ž›ȱž—’œȱ˜›ȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ’ȱ’œȱ›Ž•Š’ŸŽ•¢ȱ‘’Œ”ǰȱŽ¡Ž—œ’ŸŽǰȱŠ—ȱ˜›–œȱ’œŒ›ŽŽȱ
‹˜’Žœǯȱȱ˜˜›•¢ȱŽ¡™˜œŽǰȱ•’‘ȱ‹›˜ —ǰȱ•˜˜œŽȬ˜Ȭ›’Š‹•Žǰȱ™˜˜›•¢ȱœ˜›Žǰȱœž‹Ȭ›˜ž—ŽȬ˜ȬŠ—ž•Š›ǰȱ–Šœœ’ŸŽȱŠ—ȱŒ‘Š˜’Œȱ
›ŠŸŽ••¢ȱœŠ—ȱŠ—ȱœŠ—¢ȱ›ŠŸŽ•ǻǵǼǯȱȱ˜–™˜œ’’˜—ȱ’œȱŽŽ›–’—Žȱ‹¢ȱž—’œȱž—Ž›•¢’—ȱ’—’Ÿ’žŠ•ȱŒ˜••žŸ’Š•ȱ‹˜’Žœǯȱ
0.5 a
1.4 b
0.3 a
Tr
Tlc
Qs
1.2 a
45
Tlcl
Tlcl
Qal
Qal
Tlc
1.0 a
Xva
Qal
Qc
Qs
Qs
4046000
e
000
Xoq 4051
Tlc
5
Tr
Qal
4048000
Qal
lin
Tlc
Xvmq
75
3r
Qc
Qc
Qc
Qg
Qal
Sy
Xvmq?
Xvmq?
1.2 a
0.4 a
K8
Tlc
4050000
Tr
48
Xvmq
Xva Tr K 4
Xva
Xva
Xva
Qal
Xva
Xvr
Xva
Tlc
Tlc
Qal
21
n
Xvmq?
˜Šœȱ •ž–’—˜žœȱ œŒ‘’œȱ Ȯȱ —Ž›•Š¢Ž›œȱ ’‘’—ȱ ›ŽŠȱ žŠ›ĵ’Žǰȱ •˜ŒŠ••¢ȱ Œ˜—Š’—œȱ ”¢Š—’Žǰȱ Š—Š•žœ’Žǰȱ Š—ȱ
œ’••’–Š—’Žǯȱ‘’œȱž—’ȱ Šœȱ™›ŽŸ’˜žœ•¢ȱ–Š™™ŽȱŠœȱš”Šȱ’—ȱ‘ŽȱŠȱŠŽ›ŠȱšžŠ›Š—•Žȱǻ’—•Ž›ǰȱŗşŜśǼȱ
Š›œ˜—ǰȱ ǯǯȱ—ȱ ›˜œœǰȱ ǯǰȱ ŗşśŜǰȱ Ž˜•˜¢ȱ Š—ȱ Ž›˜•˜¢ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Š—ȱ žŠ—ȱ ›Ž’˜—ȱ ˜ž‘ ŽœŽ›—ȱ ˜•˜›Š˜ǰȱ
ȱ›˜Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŠ™Ž›ǰȱŘśŞǯ
Sh
ea
Tr
Tr
80
Tlc
Xva
Tr
4049000
ai
4053000
Qal
Xvmq?
Xoq
Qg
Qc
˜šȱ
›ŽŠȱžŠ›ĵ’ŽȱȮȱ˜Š›œŽȬ›Š’—Žǰȱ›Š¢ȱ˜ȱ ‘’ŽȱŸ’›Ž˜žœȱŒ›˜œœȬ‹ŽŽȱšžŠ›ĵ’ŽȱŒ˜—œ’œ’—ȱ–˜œ•¢ȱ˜ȱ
šžŠ›ĵȱ ’‘ȱ–’—˜›ȱŠ–˜ž—œȱ˜ȱ–žœŒ˜Ÿ’Žǰȱ”¢Š—’ŽǰȱŠ—ȱ•Š¢Ž›œȱ˜ȱ‘Ž–Š’Žǯȱ’›’’—ŽȬ‹ŽŠ›’—ȱšžŠ›ĵ’Žœȱ˜ŒŒž›ȱ’—ȱ
‘Žȱ•˜ Ž›ȱ›ŽŠȱžŠ›ĵ’Žȱ˜—ȱ’˜ Šȱ˜ž—Š’—ȱŠ—ȱ’œȱŠȱ›Ž’˜—Š••¢ȱŒ˜—’—ž˜žœȱ–Š›”Ž›ȱ‘˜›’£˜—ǯ
Š•ȧ˜Œȱ
žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŠ••žŸ’ž–ȱ˜ŸŽ›•¢’—ȱž—’ȱ˜Œȱǻ›ŠŠ’˜—Š•ȱž—’ȱ‹Ž ŽŽ—ȱ“˜ȱŠ•’Ž—ŽȱŠ—œ˜—Žȱ
Š—ȱ‘Š–ŠȬ•ȱ’˜ȱŽ–‹Ž›ȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŽœžšžŽȱ˜›–Š’˜—Ǽǯȱȱ—’ȱ˜Œȱ’œȱ—˜ȱŽ¡™˜œŽȱ˜—ȱ‘’œȱšžŠ›Š—•Žȱ‹žȱ’œȱ
Ž¡™˜œŽȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŽŠœȱǻ‹¢ȱȱŽȱŠ•ǯǰȱŘŖŗŖǼȱ˜—ȱ‘ŽȱŠœȱŠ‹•ŠœȱžŠ›Š—•Žǯ
lch
4051000
E
nt
nc
Tr
Xvmq
Qal+Qg
Qal
0.5 a
Xva
81
85
62
2
17
Qal+Qg
Tr
ou
Qal
0.4 a
70
56
Qs
36°35'0"N
Qal
M
Xvmq
4052000
4052000
K 10
Tlc
Xoq
Tr
Qs
Tlc
K5
Ki
o
Tlc wa
Xva
Xvmq
˜—˜ȱ›˜ž™ȱǻ—Œ•žŽœȱ›ŽŠȱžŠ›ĵ’ŽȱŠ—ȱŠœœ˜Œ’ŠŽȱž—’œǼȱ
Gu
Qs
Qal
70
Qal
Qal
Qal
Xoq
Qc
Qal
QTg
Tlc
Qs
Qal
Qs
Qc
Tlc
Qal
Qs
Xvmq
Xoq
Tlc
Qc
Tlc
Qc
Qal
Qal
Š•ȱ
žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱ ••žŸ’ž–ǯȱ ›ŽŠ–ȱ Œ‘Š——Ž•ȱ Š—ȱ ŸŠ••Ž¢Ȭ̘˜›ȱ Š••žŸ’ž–ǰȱ ŠŒ’ŸŽȱ ̘˜™•Š’—œǰȱ •˜ ȱ œ›ŽŠ–ȱ
Ž››ŠŒŽœǰȱ Š—ȱ ›’‹žŠ›¢ȱ –˜ž‘ȱ ȇŠ—œȇȱ ǻ
˜•˜ŒŽ—Žȱ Š—ȱ •ŠŽœȱ •Ž’œ˜ŒŽ—ŽǵǼȬ˜˜›•¢ȱ Ž¡™˜œŽDzȱ •’‘ȱ ›Š¢Ȭ˜Ȭ™Š•Žȱ
‹›˜ —Dzȱ•˜˜œŽDzȱ™˜˜›•¢Ȭ˜Ȭ Ž••Ȭœ˜›ŽDzȱ›˜ž—ŽȬ˜Ȭœž‹Š—ž•Š›Dzȱ‘’—Ȭ˜Ȭ‘’Œ”ȱ‹ŽŽǰȱ–Šœœ’ŸŽȱŠ—Ȧ˜›ȱ•Ž—œ˜’Š•Dzȱ
œ’•¢ȱœŠ—Ȭ˜ȬœŠ—¢ȱ›ŠŸŽ•ȱ ’‘ȱ›Š›ŽȱŒ˜‹‹•ŽœȦ‹˜ž•Ž›œȱŠ—Ȧ˜›ȱ›ŠŸŽ••Ž¢ȱŒ‘Š——Ž•ȱŽ™˜œ’œǯȱ’‘Ȭ‹›˜ —’œ‘ȱœ’•¢ȱ
œŠ—ǰȱ›ŠŸŽ••¢ȱœŠ—ǰȱŠ—ȱœŠ—¢ȱ›ŠŸŽ•ȱ ’‘ȱ–’—˜›ȱ›ŠŸŽ•ǰȱ–žȱŠ—ȱœ’•ȱž—Ž›•’Žœȱ–˜Ž›—ȱŽ™‘Ž–Ž›Š•ȱŒ‘Š——Ž•œǯȱ
›ŠŸŽ•ȱ ’œȱ Ž—Ž›Š••¢ȱ ™˜˜›•¢Ȭ˜Ȭ–˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ œ˜›Žǰȱ œž‹Š—ž•Š›ȱ ˜ȱ œž‹›˜ž—Žȱ ™Ž‹‹•Žœǯȱ ȱ ȱ Š—ȱ ’œȱ Ž—Ž›Š••¢ȱ
Œ˜Š›œŽȬȱ ˜ȬŸŽ›¢ȱ Œ˜Š›œŽȬ›Š’—Žǰȱ ™˜˜›•¢ȱ ˜ȱ –˜Ž›ŠŽ•¢ȱ œ˜›Žǰȱ Š—ȱ œž‹›˜ž—Žȱ ˜ȱ œž‹Š—ž•Š›ǯȱ ȱ ȱ œ’–ŠŽȱ
‘’Œ”—Žœœȱ ˜ȱ Ž™˜œ’œȱ Šœœ˜Œ’ŠŽȱ ’‘ȱ Ž™‘Ž–Ž›Š•ȱ Œ‘Š——Ž•œȱ ’œȱ ŗȬśƸȱ –ȱ ‹žȱ ’œȱ ™˜œœ’‹•¢ȱ ‘’Œ”Ž›ǯȱ ȱ ‘’Œ”—Žœœȱ ’—ȱ
Š••žŸ’Š•ȱ›ŽŠŒ‘Žœȱ˜ȱ‘Žȱ’˜ȱŠ••ŽŒ’˜œȱ’œȱž—”—˜ —ǯȱȱ˜ȱ‘ŽȱŽ¡Ž—ȱ™˜œœ’‹•ŽȱŠ•ȱŒ˜—ŠŒœȱ‘ŠŸŽȱ‹ŽŽ—ȱ–Š™™Žȱ’—ȱ‘Žȱ
ꎕȱŠ—ȱ–Š™™ŽȱŽ™˜œ’œȱŠ›Žȱ›Žœ›’ŒŽȱ˜ȱœ›ŽŠ–Ȭ•Š’ȱœŽ’–Ž—œȱǻŠœȱ˜™™˜œŽȱ˜ȱ‘’••œ•˜™Žȱ–ŠŽ›’Š•ȱŽ™˜œ’Žȱ
‹¢ȱž—Œ‘Š——Ž•’£Žȱ̘ Ǽǯȱȱ‘ŽȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ ’‘ȱ‹Ž›˜Œ”ȱž—’œȱ’œȱ›Š —ȱŠȱ‘ŽȱȃŽŠ‘Ž›ȱŽŽȄȱ˜ȱŠ•ȱŽ™˜œ’œȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ
‘Ž¢ȱ˜Ž—ȱ–Ž›Žȱ ’‘ȱǻ–˜œ•¢ȱž—–Š™™ŽǼȱžŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱŒ˜••žŸ’ž–ǯȱȱȱŗDZŗŘŖŖŖȱœŒŠ•Žȱ‘Žȱ™›ŠŒ’ŒŠ•ȱ•’–’ȱ˜ȱŠȱ
–Š™™Š‹•Žȱ ž—’ȇœȱ ’‘ȱ ’œȱ Š‹˜žȱ ŗŖȱ –ŽŽ›œǰȱ œ˜ȱ Š••žŸ’Š•ȱ Ž™˜œ’œȱ ǀŗŖȱ –ȱ ’Žȱ Š›Žȱ —˜ȱ œ‘˜ —ǯȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ ‘Žȱ Š•ȱ
Œ˜—ŠŒȱ’œȱ–Š™™ŽȱŠœȱŠȱœ˜•’ȱ•’—Žȱ’ȱ’œȱ Ž••ȱŽę—ŽȱŠ—ȱ Šœȱȃ Š•”Žȱ˜žȄǯȱȱ‘Ž›Žȱ‘’œȱŒ˜—ŠŒȱ’œȱ–Š™™ŽȱŠœȱŠȱ
Šœ‘Žȱ•’—Žȱ’ȱ ŠœȱŽ’‘Ž›ȱ—˜ȱ Ž••ȱŽę—ŽȱŽ˜–˜›‘’ŒŠ••¢ȱ˜›ȱ Šœȱ–Š™™Žȱ›˜–ȱŠȱ’œŠ—ŒŽȱ˜›ȱ›˜–ȱŠ’›ȱ™‘˜˜œȱ
Š—ȱ˜™›Š™‘¢ǯȱȱ˜–ŽȱŠ••žŸ’ž–ȱ’—ȱ›’‹žŠ›¢ȱ›ŽŠŒ‘Žȱ’œȱ—˜ȱ–Š™™Žȱ ‘Ž›Žȱ’ȱ Šœȱ—˜ȱ’›ŽŒ•¢ȱ˜‹œŽ›ŸŽȱŠ—ȱŠ’›ȱ
™‘˜˜œȱ Ž›Žȱ’—Œ˜—Œ•žœ’ŸŽǯȱȱȱȱȱȱ
74
85
Xvmq
˜—’—ǰȱ ǯǰȱ Š›•œ›˜–ǰȱ ǯǰȱ Š•Ž–ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ˜–‹Š›’ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ŘŖŖŝǰȱ ȱ ›Ž•’–’—Š›¢ȱ Ž˜•˜’Œȱ –Š™ȱ ˜ȱ ‘Žȱ Šȱ ŠŽ›Šȱ
ŝǯśȬ–’—žŽȱ šžŠ›Š—•Žǰȱ ’˜ȱ ››’‹Šȱ ˜ž—¢ǰȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ǰȱ Ž ȱ Ž¡’Œ˜ȱ ž›ŽŠžȱ ˜ȱ Ž˜•˜¢ȱ Š—ȱ ’—Ž›Š•ȱ
Žœ˜ž›ŒŽœǰȱ™Ž—ȬꕎȱŽ˜•˜’ŒȱŠ™ȱȬȱŗŚŗǰȱœŒŠ•ŽȱŗDZŗŘǰŖŖŖǯȱ
PALEOPROTEROZOIC ROCKS
‹ȱ
žŠŽ›—Š›¢ȱ‹•˜Œ”ꎕȱ ˜ȱœ–Š••ȱ‹•˜Œ”ꎕœȱ˜—ȱ‘Žȱœ•˜™Žœȱ˜ȱžŠ›ĵ’Žȱ˜ž—Š’—ȱǻž›—Žȱ˜ž—Š’—ȱ
žŠ›Š—•ŽǼȱŒ˜–™˜œŽȱ˜ȱœž‹ȱŠ—ž•Š›ȱ˜ȱ›˜ž—ŽȱŖǯŗȬś–ȱŒ•Šœœȱ˜ȱ›ŽŠȱžŠ›ĵ’ŽǯȱȱŽ™˜œ’ȱ‘ŠœȱŠȱœ˜–Ž ‘Šȱ
‘ž––˜Œ”¢ȱœž›ŠŒŽȱ‘Šȱ›ŠŽœȱ˜ȱœ–Š••ȱŠ•ȱŽ™˜œ’œȱǻœŽŽȱ–Š™Ǽǯ
nd
Tlc
K6
Qb
Qal
Xva
Quaternary Rocks
ev
ela
Tlc
Tlc
Xoq
Qb Qal
Ql
Xvmq
A'36°37'30"N
E
Xva
Xvmq
Xva
Cl
Qc
Xvmq
84
QTg
106°7'30"W
399000
hru
st
4053000
Qal
Tlc
Tlc
398000
Cre
ek T
Tlc
37
E
397000
ing
Qc
Qal
9
396000
Xoq
Qal
Qs
106°10'0"W
395000
26
Qc
Qc
Tlc
Qal
Qs
Qg
E
K7
393000
cline
Qs
Qs
106°12'30"W
391000
ain Syn
390000
Mount
389000
Kiowa
106°15'0"W
36°37'30"N E
Xmu
Xvu
Xvbrc
-1,500
-6,000
0
1
2
Miles
Xvu
V=H, No Vertical Exaggeration
-2,000