~""'
Technical Report Series
Number 78-4
MICROBIAL PROCESSES AND
BIOMASS ON THE SOUTHEASTERN
CONTINENTAL SHELF
Cruise Report, 1975-1976
Georgia Marine Science Center
University System of Georgia
Skidaway Island, Georgia
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the
United States Government. Neither the United States nor the
United States Energy Research and Development Administration,
nor any of their employees , nor any of their contractors,
subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express
or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility
for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information,
apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its
use would not infringe privately-owned rights.
SR0-0639-19
MICROBIAL PROCESSES AND BIOMASS
ON THE SOUTHEASTERN CONTINENTAL SHELF
Cruise Report, 1975-1976
U. S. Department of Energy Contract EY-76-S-09-0639
with The University of Georgia
Institute of Ecology
The University of Georgia
Athens, Georgia 30602
June 1978
The Technical Report Series of the Georgia Marine
Science Center is issued by the Georgia Sea Grant Program
and the Marine Extension Service of the University of
Georgia on Skidaway Island (P. 0. Box 13687, Savannah,
Georgia 31406).
It was established to provide dissemination
of technical information and progress reports resulting from
marine studies and investigations mainly by staff and faculty
of the University System of Georgia.
In addition, it is
intended for the presentation of techniques and methods,
reduced data and general information of interest to industry,
local, regional, and state governmen ts and the public.
Information contained in these reports is in the public
domain.
If this prepublication copy is cited, it should be
cited as an unpublished manuscript.
Table of Contents
Introduction .....•.....•.......•................. .•. .............. 3
Methods •••.•...................•.......•...•......•.•........•.... 5
Observatione
Cruise 1. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Cruise 2 .•..............•...........•....................•.... 15
Cruise 3 .•..•.•.••.•..•.•...•..•....•.•...•...•....•........•. 23
Cruise 4 ......•....•....•.....•.....•.........•.....••....•... 30
Literature Cited .. ..........•..••.•.......•.......•.•.•.•......•.. 37
Appendices
Appendix I.
Computer Programs Developed for Data Analysis
Salinity Program .•.•..•.......•..•.•.......•..•.. 38
Adenylate Program •.......•.........•..•.......•.. 40
Appendix II. Report on Statistical Analysis •.............•.•.• 43
1
List of Tables
TEXT
Page
Table 1.
Station Data for Cruise 1 .....
Table 2.
Station Data for Cruise 2 .................... •.•.
17
Table 3.
Station Data for Cruise 3 .......•...............
25
Table 4.
Station Data for Cruise 4 .•••.•.••••..•.••••.•••
32
Table 1.
Data Summary. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
Tables 2-5.
Correlation Matrices............................
48
Tables 6-9.
Partial Correlation Hatrices (Effects of
miles from shore held constant) .................
50
Regression Against Miles from Shore .............
52
It
•••••••••••••••••
8
APPENDIX I I
Table 10.
Tables 11-64. Analyses of Variance...........................
53
2
List of Figures
Page
Figure
1.
Station Locations for Cruise
1.......................
7
Figure
2.
Isocline Analysis of Salinity Data for Cruise 1 ......
11
Figure
3.
Isocline Analysis of Temperature Data for Cruise 1 ...
12
Figure
4.
Isocline Analysis of Chlorophyll Concentration
Data for Cruise 1 ... .................................
13
Isocline Analysis of Pheo-pigment Concentration
Data for Cruise 1............................. .......
14
Figure
5.
Figure
6.
Station Locations for Cruise 2 .......................
16
Figure
7.
Isocline Analysis of Salinity Data for Cruise 2 ......
19
Figure
8.
Isocline Analysis of Temperature Data for Crusie 2 ...
20
Figure
9.
Isocline Analysis of Chlorophyll Concentration
Data for Cruise 2... . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Isocline Analysis of Pheo-pigment Data for
Cruise 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Figure 11.
Station Locations for Cruise 3 ..................•....
24
Figure 12.
Isocline Analysis of Salinity Data for Cruise 3 . .....
26
Figure 13.
Isocline Analysis of Temperature Data for Cruise 3 ...
27
Figure 14.
Isocline Analysis of Chlorophyll Concentration
Data for Cruise 3....................................
28
Isocline Analysis of Pheo-pigment Concentration
Data for Cruise 3....................................
29
Figure 16.
Station Locations for Cruise 4 ......................•
31
Figure 17.
Isocline Analysis of Salinity Data for Cruise 4 ......
33
Figure 18.
Isocline Analysis of Temperature Data for
Cruise 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • .
34
Isocline Analysis of Chlorophyll Concentration
Data for Cruise 4. • . . . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . .
35
Isocline Analysis of Pheo-pigment Concentration
Data for Cruise 4. . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . .
36
Figure 10.
Figure 15.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
3
INTRODUCTION
This report presents data collected on four reconnaisance
cruises conducted in connection with study of the continental
shelf ecosystem supported by U. s. Department of Energy Contract
EY- 76-5-09-0639. The purpose of the study is to understand the
function of the microbial communities of continental shelf waters
and the objectives of these cruises were:
1) to obtain preliminary data regarding the spatial
distribution and condition of microorganisms in
the continental shelf ecosystem of the Southeastern
Atlantic bight, and
2) to provide field evaluation of methodologies and
instrumentation.
Cruises 1 and 2 (June 11-17, 1975 and December 1-7, 1975)
were conducted aboard the R/V EASTWARD and Cruises 3 and 4
(February 8-14, 1976 and June 7-11, 1976) were conducted aboard
the R/V ADVANCE II. Salinity, temperature, and chlorophyll and
pheo-pigment concentrations were determined for all stations on all
cruises . Adenosine mono-, di-, and tri-phosphate (AMP, ADP, and
ATP) concentrations and adenylate energy charge were determined for
nearly all stations on all four cruises and are also reported here.
Simulated in situ primary production was estimated less frequently.
In general, two photosynthesis measurements were conducted each
day. On Cruises 1, 2 and 3, samples were taken for scanning
electron microscopy, and particle size spectra were determined
using a Spectrex laser particle counter on Cruise 3. These latter
data will be made available elsewhere and are not included in this
report . Additional pigment samples were taken for HPLC analysis
according to the method of Jacobsen 1977. These results, differ
at times from the usual fluorometric chlorophyll measurement
and will be discussed in a later report.
This report was prepared by A. Michelle Wood. Computer programs
for mapping, salinity and adenylate calculations were prepared by
A. Michelle Wood and Walton B. Campbell. Statistical analyses of
the data were done by Alice G. Chalmers. Assistance in programming
was provided by Thelma Richardson, statistical consultant at the
Institute of Ecology and Charles R. Sticher, systems programmer at
The University of Georgia Computer Center. Data processing was
done with the assistance of }iary Catherine Chase and Richard Rabek.
The cooperation and patience of the captains, port captains, and crews
of R/V EASTivARD and R/V ADVANCE II is acknowledged with thanks. This
report is published as a part of the Georgia Marine Science Center's
Technical Report Series, issued by the Georgia Sea Grant Program.
Publication costs were supported under NOAA Office of Sea Grant
#04-7-158-44126.
4
Research Cruise Participants
Keith Bancroft
Stephen Bunker
Walton B. Campbell
Cathy Chase
Don Deibel
Byron Freeman
Laurie Goldner
Gary Hammond
Roger B. Hanson
Larry Hodge
Timothy Jacobsen
Kenneth Kerrick
Gary King
Robert H. Lane
Richard Oshrain
Michael Pace
Thomas Pearson
L. R. Pomeroy
James Snyder
Tracy St. Onge
Christopher Waldron
Anne M. Wood
Ann Zimmerman
(1, 2, 3)
(1)
(1, 2, 3, 4)
(3)
(2)
(2,
(1)
(2)
(1,
(3,
(1,
(1,
(1,
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2,
(1,
4)
4)
4)
2, 3, 4)
2, 3)
2)
4)
2, 3, 4)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(2' 3)
(3, 4)
5
METHODS
Samples were collected with five-liter and thirty-liter PVC
Niskin samplers. A sample was taken at the 3M depth at all stations
and additional depths were included as time and total depth permitted.
When data regarding the physical structure of the water column were
available, at least one sample was taken on either side of the
thermocline.
Hydrographic Data: On Cruises 1 and 2, salinity data were
obtained with a precision salinometer using standard seawater for
0
calibration. Conductivity ratios were convered to salinity ( /oo)
using an interactive fortran program based on the polynomial
equations published by the Joint Council on Oceanographic Standards
and UNESCO (1966). This program is reproduced in Appendix Ia.
Salinity measurements on Cruises 3 and 4 were made with a refractometer.
Temperature was determined using a mercury-in-glass bucket thermometer.
A bathythermograph (BT) was also used to measure water column
temperature stratification on Cruises 3 and 4. BT traces from these
cruises are on file at The University of Georgia Department of
Zoology (c/o Dr. L. R. Pomeroy).
Biological Data: Chlorophyll and pheo-pigments were determined
using standard fluorometric techniques (Strickland and Parsons 1972).
The Turner Designs and Turner III fluorometers were used for these
analyses and these were calibrated with pure chlorophyll ~ obtained
by column chromatography (Jacobsen 1978). ATP, ADP, and AMP were
determined using the luciferin-luciferase photometric assay as
modified for energy charge measurements (Chapman, Fall and
Atkinson 1971; Wiebe and Bancroft 1975). Energy charge was calculated
from ATP, ADP, and AMP measurements determined on a JRB model 1000
photometer which was modified to provide both peak height and
integral values. An interactive fortran program was used to calculate
the standard curve for each photometer run and convert photometer
readings to molar concentration prior to calculation. This program
is reproduced in Appendix lb.
Statistics and Contouring: Statistical analyses for all four
cruises were done by Alice Chalmers using the SAS 76 statistical
software package. The results of these analyses are presented and
discussed in Appendix II. Contour maps describing the spatial
distribution of chlorophyll, pheo-pigments, salinity, and temperature
were generated by Michelle Wood using Calcomp software package
GPCP-II (General Plotting and Contouring Program). The coastal
outline for these maps was generated from NOAA nautical chart
#11009 using a Numonics Electronics Graphics Calculator interfaced
with a WANG model 2200 minicomputer.
6
CRUISE 1, JUNE 11-17, 1975 E-3-75
Most of the 59 stations on Cruise 1 were part of eight transects
across the continental shelf.
Fernandina
St. Mary's
Do boy
St. Catherine's
Was saw
Edisto
Charleston
Cape Fear
Stations
Stations
Stations
Stations
Stations
Stations
Stations
Stations
26
25
16
34
8
41
3
52
-
31
32
33
37
12
46
7
56
The Cape Fear transect was extended into the Sargasso Sea and the
two deepest stations (58 and 59) are not included in Figure 1.
These were located near the 3000M contour at 32°29'N and 75°27'W
and 33°37'N and 75°24'W, respectively. Station 1, located off
Beaufort, North Carolina, is somewhat north of the study area and
is also omitted from Figure 1.
The principal hydrographic features of interest on this cruise
are a plume of fresh water south of the mouth of the Savannah River,
cool water in the vicinity of Cumberland Island (St. Mary's transect),
and a patch of relatively fresh water located at the seaward edge
of the shelf between 31.5°N and 32.5°N. This latter feature is
associated with a shoreward intrusion of the 27° isotherm and a
patch of high chlorophyll fluorescence (chlorophyll concentrations
of 6 ~g/L at station 45).
The two other regions of high chlorophyll concentration were
coastal phenomena. One center of increased chlorophyll concentration
is the aforementioned hydrographic region south of the Savannah River;
in this region chlorophyll concentration ranged from 7 ~g/L at
Station 39 to 16 ~g/L at Station 15. A plume-like zone of high
pheo-pigment concentration was observed north of the Savannah River
and may represent degradation products which have been moved
northward.
A final feature of interest is the zone of relatively high
chlorophyll and pheo-pigment concentration near the shelf-break at
about 30.5°N. This has also been identified as a region of high
chlorophyll concentration, and relatively low temperature and
salinity on Cruise 2.
7
X
51
x50
X
x4
x~~ 2 xS
x43 x6
7
xf4
X 45
X
46
xl6
X
17
18
x
X
x19
35
x20x~4
x 25x 24x 23x 22x 21x 32
X
x 26x 27x 28x 29
30
x 31
FIGURE 1. Station Locations for Cru i se 1.
49
Table I.
ll MI
t>l O I ':J
1 230
11 ~
50 0
bI
blJ"I-;
7!\C.
2
3
LATJTU OE
L!JNGIT UDE
NJSI<IN
DEPTHS
·- - £
24
16
24.50
32.42.1 8N
12
24.4 0
.12 .35.00N
79.40. 5 4W
79.'3s.tew · -
14
25.20
zt..30
14
3
9
3
11
- 3
10
22
1330
6
32. 2Cl .0 6N
6117 ~
1501!
1
3£.13.00N
6 ll7~
2<!30
a
31.27.ooN
612 1 ~
100
9
31 . 3.3 . 30N
61<'75
255
10
455
11
zs-·
- ·---91/.99_ _ _
99.99
3~.8470
99.99
1.0000
99.99
34. 7Q50
4.01 ..
34.8020
3.21
33.7860
3.53
34.7570
4.66
-~0.0970
- - - 99;99
32.0920
3.86
35.5670
5.14
o.o
U:lt~8
26.60
22
3
35.7480
33.5700
so.o4.oow
36
?7.20
3
21
17
27.20
33.4750
34.4660
.. 36.0540
33.8220
35.8270
33.4300
33.5330
9~;;g 2.41
0.~6
--- - ·- --· ···-- -- · ---H - ~~:~g~8--·
;n
3
16
3
10
~:8~
·7~5~3ro
800
61275
61275
6 1<. 75
955
1U5
132 5
13
14
15
16
61Z7~
151 5
11
3t.40.30N
31.3£.00N
3l.19.16N
31.1 5 .1 2N
61.05
1705
16
3 1.11. 30N
1415
19
3 1. 07 .0A N
80.31.00W
6 1215
2 130
20
31.03.00N
80 .11l. OO W
bl3 1 ~
45
21
30.4J.l2N
oo.5q.~ow
81.02.30W
a1.10.4 2w
80.57.4 8W
5
8
-1
12
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
. 0.68
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
99"~9~ -0.05
0.83
-1.00
1.36
-1.00
9~:U ··-
0.58
-0.04
-~=~~ -
·-----· ·
o.o4
0.28
· - 8·43 .
.19
0.04
0.14
0.24
."la- ---o.
77
1.48
0.98
7.40
4.90
33.3450
3
9
10
1
32.4800
33.5400
8.35
99.99
q9.99
3
3
31.8610
9.oo
7.71
-0.67
0.37
24
26 .~ 0
40
?7.60
35
27.20
13
27.30
q
27.4 0
0.90
-A:2~ -
--·
------0.81
9
~:8 7
o.95
-1.00
-1·80
- • 0
-1.00
0.45
-1.00
1.21--~.00
-
.oo
·
-1.00
i
CHAH.GE
..:t.oo ·
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
0.25
0.61
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
0.18 - - 0.63 ··-·
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
· -1~00
... ·l:n - ____ -i:U ·-·---
0.21
:1:88
-1.00
0.54
- -A:~g -·- :-A:2~ · ·o.32
-1.00
-~.00
-
.oo
-1.00
0.12
-1.00
· o.11
--~.00
.oo
o.61
-1.00
-(.00
- .oo
-1.00
0.76
-1.00
- -- - o.lls
- •• 00
- .oo
·· -1.00
-A:g~
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
- 1.00
~1:88 ··· :::f :88 ·- :t :88 -
-=-~:g~
-1.oo
- .00
t:~:
5 ~~ 7 ug 3 33.8390
1.80
0.39
-1.00
q
34.5710
7.71
1.14
-1.00
34.2250
1.67
-0.21
0.92
ro3 -- 34~3230
- ··-· - 1.67- - --u-.7>1 _____ · -;. 1.oo
20
1.0000
3.98
0.60
1.65
3 34.~630
1.41
0.25
-1.00
12 35.2360
1.48
0.60
-1.00
22 35.7 550
4.18
1.03
-1.00
3 34.8610
1.41
0.61
2.12
13 34.6580
1.29
0.17
-1.00
20 35.s240
2.89
o.15
o.83
3 35.2~40
o.e4 · --- -· o~ts ·
.;..t.oo
1a 35.6270
1.93
o.52
-1.00
3n 36.1060
2.51
o.56
-1.00
3 35. 5 11 0
0.45
0.07
-1.00
t o 35.4~4o
o.9o
-0.12
-t.oo
3 34.9 450
0.90
-0.01
-1.00
33.~210
E~RGV
AlP
-··· :}:88
:1:88
-1.00
-1.00
~~ - · t:68~8 ---- l:U------ T:U
25.40
25.90
26.b0
26.60
AD EN.
99.99
99.99
99.99
O.b7
0.30
-0.93
-0.23
3
8
34.3~80
TOTAL
-· "17-r~'T'T ----·· -..:t.oo
o.32
0.74
1.29__
0.64
0.02
1.48
1.22
e9 .~~-!.H.li... __ 7. ___ 2-~···40 ··- ·---Hl: Hl8----U!'98
6127':>
30.43 . 06N
CHLOROPHYll - PHHO-PIGMENTS
IN MICROGRAM$ PER LITRE
· - o~o
31
e
22
SALINITY
79.23.42W
26.40
20
31 . 39.30N 80.28.18W
· -- - ·- - --·-·· -- -·----·--·· · ··-31 .4b.OON 80.40.30W
12
25.70
3 1 • 47 • 1211
1
tB
26
12
23
JUNE 11-17,1?7 5
7 9. 4A.l t W
61175
44~
TE~IP
32.48.1 7N
5
6U75
DHTH
..:."l1;oo
114~
t ·12'1 5
F.-3-75
n ·-
1010
11
- ·- - ** - ·--·------ -·-·-- -·-·
**
34.1 2 .lf<N . 77 .04~ 30fl
7~
b
**
SIA
SIAllUN OATA
-A:~g
-~.oo
-
.00
A:~~
-1.00
-1.00
0.48
.:...1.00
0.55
-1.00
-~.00
-
.oo
0.37
-1.00
o.o8
-1.00
-1.00
-1.oo
-~-00
- .oo
-1.00
In this, and all subsequent tables, the f ollowing codes were used for missing data or data not
taken: ~1 - time, station depth, and niskin depth; -9.0 - Surface temperature; 0.0 - salinity;
99 .99 - chlorophyll and pheo-pigments; -1 - adenylate data
-1.00
-1.00
8:~!
-1.00
-1.00
0.66
-1.00
0.63
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
0.59
-1.00
o.55
-1.00
-l.oo
- .oo
-1.00
-t.oo
-1.00
.,
,,
6 1375
62 5
z:.
3 u .4 2 .42N
B1.0 6 . ~0h'
Ll3-/~
Il l
(I
2~
30 . '· 3 . 001~
e1.1~. oow
8
6)37~
103':>
2b
3u . 23 . 30N
8 1.1 q . 12~1
16
~(· .
l .H5
1230
27
3l, . 23 .3 0 N
8t . O'> . 'i4W
23
2fJ . CO
6 13 15
1 43 ~
(~
30 . 24 .OON
00.52 . 01> 1-1
26
77.60
b l.::l7~
1627
29
30 . 23 . 30N
80.3H . 30W
32
2(l . 10
6D"/S
1627
30
30 .34.t2N
80 .2 4 . 3()1-/
)7
.:!!! . 31}
b
25.40
D
?4.40
80
6137~
?03(1
31
30 . 24 . 30N
ao.tt.Obh'
90
28. 1,0
o1J7?
23 1u
32
30.43.301\l
80.) 5 . 3f.W
40
28 . 80
61415
4~
33
30 .58.3 0 N __ 80 . 06.3011
36
200
3<t
3t . 02 .00N
&o.oo.oow
45
t;
14
/~i
t-1 .. 75
r-147~
51 ~
bOll
35
36
3 1.13.36N
3t . 25 .36N
A0.1H.30W
27
El0.37.t2W -·-
n ·14
31
3 1. 37.3bN
61475
b 415
1)20
143 7
38
39
~~-49 . ~o~ _ ge.2s.ogo _ __
6147~
lt>?b
40
32 .o4.36N
80.34.30W
14
25.40
10
26 .10
w
:-!
-~-00
- .oo
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
1.25
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-t.oo
0.65
0.37
-1.00
0.38
-1.00
-t.oo
-1.00
l·l1
l:ii - -
I
2
---
3~.2~50
o.z~
...
36. ?670
0.3
3t-.1140
0.32
36.1530
0.22
3"·UJo ___ _
36.
0
0.6
3b.2160
0.32
1.oooo
0.35
35.Q1j0
99.99 36.19 0
1.09
34 .1490
0.21
3 4.Q590
1. 03
.O.Qi· --
-Y:8~
-1.00
-1.00
o.3f--·--
- ~-11
.oo
-1.00
-~.00
- .oo
- .oo
~
-0.20
-o.o1
13.10
14.46
- ~: :98 --· _No3~ 1 ~·~!~5z-o--r.oT
6147~
L IOO
41
3L.28.30N
79 . 5B .O OW
1•.75
2200
- 42
32.24 .48N
79.5"3.1.2';1
- p;. -
-n • m--
6147~
<'355
4J
32.18 .1B N
79.44.42W
21
27.00
b
d3
-1 .oo
-1.00
-1.00
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4.20
-1.00
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1.0000
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9.64
0.25
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-9.42
16.70
1.0000
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:'15.8670
2.06
1.0000
0.84
0.10
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~-22
35.9340
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36.0540
3.83
0.63
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1.91
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6 34.11"0
10 34.6590
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61575
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32.0R .30N
79. 29 . 30W
3f.
27.60
61':>7 5
35U
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32 .0l.OON
79.20.JOW
55
27.20
o l 5 7~
550
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79 . 08 .4 21~
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33.8590
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6 33.1400
9 33.9440
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7 34.4010
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2.6440
15 35.4950
3 32.9110
18 34.4940
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3 32.4580
8 32.4540
12 32.57110
3 36.47£10
70 36.3160
lg
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-- -l:U -·---·-A:U ---- ·-
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3.08
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3.86
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0.67
- 1.00
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-1.00
- .oo
- .oo
- 1.00
-1.00
-t.oo
-~.00
-~-00
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-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
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-1.oo
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-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
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30
L' ATF
liME
SlA
t.J~,?~
1340
lolU
b
l '>75
LAlll UOE
Lc.t'4GJ1U OE:
OEPTH
48
32.33.1BN
78.27. 24W
19 5
27.40
49
32 .45. 30N
3J
27.20
61">75
1&45
50
32.57.30N
f. I !>7!>
2200
51
33. tc:~.r.aN
616 75
45
52
33.4U.48N
78.52.00W
1'8.3a-;oDij - - u ,-
7B.24.00W
t-lf-7~
215
~3
33.33.00N
6167~
345
54
33.n.4eN -,e-;tu;;36w -
t-11:-"1~
~20
55
f-1675
720
56
61675
13 25
57
6 lu 7 ~
2j_j5
58
61 71 5
600
59
20
78.15.4cW
16
lR
TH'P
NISK.lN
DEP THS
SUINITY
3
35.1620
6
12
3
7
10
15
35.0480
35.5480
34.5310
34.5740
1.0000
1.0000
25.40
10
3
4
35.25h0
35.3590
0 0
25.oo
10
3
35.3530
35.1020
H3 · 3!:~828
35.0000
2b .20
-zr.bO ··- -
_j) _• .3~ -----·----Q _.Q_ 6__ ______
:-1.00
CHLOROPHYLL PHAEO-PIGMENTS
IN MlC:ROGR!MS PER _LITRE
TOTAL
ADEN.
)6.2960 ----
~ ---·-1•uuoo
0.59
-~:6I-
0.51
0.60
o •• 6tt ___---·
1 48
1.93
99.99
99.99
-u;·96
2.89
2.31
0.02
-0.10
0.07
o.•• o9 _____ _
1 07
1.20
99.99
99.99
-- r9 - - z7>-;·rrr -·-- J~ - ~~-;U~-g
s
o.o
1
o.o
b;~~
99.99
99o99
ATP
ENERGY
CHARGE
0.15
0.67
:t:88 ··· :1:88
--1.00
-~-00
-1.00
-1.00
oo o
0
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
- .oo
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
0.22
0.03
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
.9.99
99.99
-1.00
-1.00
-I.oo
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
--l •
_
o.oe
- ~T~oo - - ;;.1.oo -
-0.29
;-29
9 99
99 9~
s --- o:o- · --- ---· 99:99·
- - - ---q
1.03
4.37
0.48
-=8:-l~ ---- ··~1:88
-1.00
-1.00
:"99 --- ·-
-:...t.oo · :...t.oo
8:M
-
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
----t.oo
-1.00
-~.00
- .oo
-t
. oo
-:·:8~ - -&~gg-·-:-A~~8- ----
-- -·B::t-----8:-!~
-- -·· :1:88 ·-: :88- - :1:88
1.00
0.36
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
33.oJ.ooN 77.45.3ow
120
21.10
36.1830
o.57
o.o1
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
·
---'--·--------·
------j;8---~t:~8~8 ---A:A
~-:·U
:!
:88--·
~1:38--·-- -~1:88 ·- ·
32.28.00N 77.ll.OOW
675
26.20
3 36.1510 "
0.29
O.OS
0.21
0.01
0.40
~
10 33.137o
o.
-o.o,.
-1.oo
-t.oQ
-t.oo
.H.29.12N 75.27.t 1W ~b<)o · n.~o·- - -- ~ .3S:Az:;o ______ ·-- 8:~fi ·
B:Y~ ----· --··-}:2~
-l:Y8
-A:2~
20 33.1370
0.29
o.os
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
'~ - H:~n8
77. !>7.00\.l
20
3
3~.0260
2
3~
4
78 20
" ---·
60
36.1510
o.qo
~---8!-8-------~8
0
- --
--- -- --------
·-· --
- --
- - -
o.11
o.12
·- ·- - - · -
o.32
o.66
:t-:88·-- :1:88 --- :1:88 ---
8:8--
- -- --- - - - - - - - - -- -
11
/
I
I
I
I
I
FIGURE 2. Isocline analysis of salinity data for Cruise 1.
(Contour interval = 1 °/eo)
12
/
__,
/
I
/
/
/
I
I
I
I
FIGURE 3. Isocline analysis of surface temperature data
for Cruise 1. (Contour interval = 1 degree Centigrade)
13
/
/
/
__,.,
/
I
/
I
I
I
FIGURE 4 ~ Isocline analysis of chlorophyll data
(Contour interval = 1 ~g/L)
for Cruise 1.
14
I
/
I
I
FIGURE 5. Isocline analysis of pheo-pigment data for
Chrise 1. (Contour interval = .2 ~g/L)
15
CRUISE 2, DECEMBER 1-7, 1975 E-15-75
The station locations and cruise track for this cruise were
similar to those of Cruise 1. The St. Catherine's transect was
omitted on this cruise and the "Edisto" transect (Stations 41 46) ran in a southeasterly direction from St. Helena Sound instead
of Edisto Sound. Station 1, which was located south of Beaufort,
North Carolina, was somewhat north of the principal study area and
is not included in Figure 2.
An interesting feature of the hydrographic structure on this
cruise is the patch-like zone of relatively low salinity and low
temperature water located near the shelf-break at about 30.5°N.
On Cruise 1, this phenomenon was also observed and found to be
associated with relatively high concentrations of chlorophyll and
pheo-pigments. On this cruise, the feature appears to be due to
the influence of Station 24 where a salinity of 24 °/oo• temperature of
17C, and chlorophyll concentration of 2.46 ~g/L were observed .
Chlorophyll maxima were found as diffuse, plume-like formations
in coastal waters off of Charleston and south of the Savannah River.
Pheo-pigment concentration is lm<1 across the shelf with only two
observable zones of activity. One appears as a region of high
concentration off of Cumberland Island (St. Mary's transect) where
concentration ranges from .59 ~g/L at Station 23 to . 04 ~g/L at
Station 32 and the other is located slightly west of the shelf
break at approximately 3l 0 N. The latter zone appears to be a
patch defined by Station 19 (.49 ~g/L) and 20 (.35 ~g/L) and may
represent the remains of an old phytoplankton bloom.
16
x56
x57
X
41
42
X
X
43
X
44
x45
xlO
x9
x46
xfk 33
x19
x20
X
23
X
22
x25
x~t7x28x29
FIGURE6.
X
21
X
32
x24
)(30 x31
Station locations for Cruise 2 .
Table II.
(.AT£:
l Hll
S TA
SlA TION UA TA
LA lllU! IE
LCNGITUf:(
-
••
E-1'>-75
[J[P TH
HMP
NlSI<IN
OE PTH S
120175
12027!>
1100
84~
2
1
34.31 .18N
32.53.42N
07.64.600
79.18.16W
17
17
18.40
120 2 7!>
122 2
3
J2.41.48N
79.45.30W
16
15.19
1202 75
140£
4
32.39.30N
79.40.4P.W
13
16. AO
l<:0.£7!:>
1bUU
5
32.37.00N
79.31.00W
21
tA.35
120 27 !>
1935
6
32.20.00N
79.?3.54W
27
l l . 80
1202? 5
223 0
7
32.09.18N
79.10.18W
85
22. bO
1 £. 1.137~
hl5
6
31 . 27 .1flN
eo .o 3.48W
38
2 1.8(1
120J75
855
q
31.33.00N
60.17.00W
35
20.20
1,03 -(5
1 2 06
10
31.40.06N
80.3l_.OOW
16
18.30
fi0.45.24W
12!J37 5
1452
11
31.4B.ObN
12 0 371)
1623
12
3l.!>l.30N "110;51".2411
120J 75
Fu:; 75
t u 375
1735
13
ao.5s.oow
-
17.20
10
9 --··1(,.30
12u37 5
1i 04 7!>
1~ C •3?5
2)1U
23 52
12 0
16
17
16
120475
345
19
31.01. 0"N
120'o75
643
20
3l.u0.4BN
60.t9.00W
-1
2 J. 40
1 £. 047!:>
10 0 0
21
30.43 .1 2N
tl0 .2T. 4!H/
33
2 2 . E-O
12(..4"7 5
1327
22
30.43.00N
60 ...lt5.001-1
1 2 04 7 5
1!>5 9
23
30.43.00N
B1.07.00W
1':1
1~.(15
1204?5
120475
U v 47 ~
1 Bu
1tl20
2 102
24
25
26
30.33.40tl
30 . 3J.54N
30.24.42N
80.26.421-1
81.04 .4 2W
61.20 . 24W
15
20
lb
17.60
17 . 30
t 8. 60
12047 !>
12U47 ~
2152
.: ) 2 b
21
28
30 . 23.5lif.l
30 . 23 . 2 4 tl
B1.I5.24w
81 . 02.12W
14
21
1 & • 50
19.qO
1 205-,~
140
29
30 . 23 .4 BN
60 .47.4?W
30
20. QO
12()~7 ~
4 1~
31)
30 . 24.40N
~0 . 2 13 .421-1
37
22 . 40
~
l~
81.10.48\o/
B1 .0 4.1!!W
B.Q. !?5. 00!'/ _
6. 90
1 7.10
17.34
18.20·-
80.34.42\o/
25
19.60
l~-e5
- 7. 1 -- 19.95
~HAEO...;:I'IGMENTS
IN MICROGRAMS PER LITRE
.t
-o.p
-o.
8:·8i
o.o
3~=~~g~ ---· ---·8:~8
t53 . 36.0984
o.o
20
3
20
40
3
36.0791
33~·106~
.099
36.0900
35.9917
8:U·-·-·--8:8~ -o.o
0.23
3
30
35.8785
35.8824
0.41
0.4
6
12
35.0346
33.48~3
0.61t
0.70
32.6222
31.7235
.76
. 1.11
0.04
-~~s7
- • 2
-o.1o
-o.o2
32.5717
33.3156
34.5787
9Q.99
0.80
0.64
99.99
0.03
0.07
.3
0.47
0.32
3
~l: ~8!~ - -- - 1}~: ~~
0.03
4
3
.
-
~
3
3
3
· - -14 3
20
o.oJ
-8-:H
0.06
0.04
TOTAL
ADEN.
1.4~
1.0
1:n
1. 71
1.85
0.55
ATP
ENERGY
CHARGE
0.82
0.50
Y:J~
0.57
0.78
··8:~~
0.58
o.t.1
8:U ---·--8:U·- ·
y.64
--··-- -·· 1}~:2~
-- ---- ··- -i
0.03
0.60
0.17
0.35
- r~"55 --·
34.796o -··--o~~"2
0.92
---u.03
35.7296
0.49
0.72
0.20
o.1o
35.7276
0.46
0.75
0.38
0.04
3
35.8449
2.07
1.10 ..
8:~~ ----2.42
30 3S.9928
2.10
o.os
0.37
0.05
3 36.0806
0.38
0.35
0.02
0.20
0.02
10 36.079t25 36.0809
0.07
0.13
0.20
0.69
- -- 3 · 35.1439 · ---- 0.53· · - · - - - - o.o-s - -- - -- 1.07
0.45
0.03
1.13
0.68
16 35.1701
0.35
34.0461
0.59
-0.02
1.43
0.67
3
1.03
0.52
o.ez
15 34.2 112
... -o.06 ·2 .4~ --1.00
-0.42
-1.00
3 32.5644
0.45
2.67
1.28
1.0000
1.88
3
0.60
2.34
0.31
0.95
3 32.3974
1.79
0.62
15 33.5862
1.52
1.13
1;93 - - - --~u; ·t3 - - - - - -..;1.00
-1.00
3 31. 1605 .
-0.12
2.43
3
1.oogo
20 . 34.65 b
.t-4
-0.12
2.43
l:~~
99.99
99.99
-1.00
-1.00
3 35.3049
1.0 0()0
99.99
-1.00
-1.00
20
99.99
o.oo;
- 1.0 000
0.65
0.22
0.23
3
-·8:A}
1·11
0.78
0.74
-·0.82
0.35
0.57
0.10
0.35
0.69
--·-··- 1·67
.oo - -Y:~! -· - .oo
1.27
0.95
0.86
0.12
0.45
0.21
-1.oo
--~·o8
.o - -;;:_
.oo ···~1:88· 0.47
1.17
0.63
0.65
0.32
0.75
=~~ -- Y·62
.oo
- y.48
.oo
0.63
0.45
2.03
1.95
0.77
0.5~
0.43
---- 0.66
1.93
0.7¥
2.43
.13
0.6
0~95
f:U - -- 8:U
t·l5
g.9]
~~:Z~~~--·-·- ·A:U-·---=-s:At-----· t:n
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-·--r-n:~6~~-·-r:~a
16.35
10
1s
10
10
17 -··-·
eey.s1·Yo~
.o • 8
CfJLOP.ClPHVll -
... ··- !~ -. i~: ~~zr ----~:-!9-
31.47 .1 8N
31 .4l-~"~
31.3
• 0
31.20.00N
31. 17. 48N
3 1.1 5.48N
tap
20
SALIN lTV
NO RtSl<tNs ·---- --- -¥---- - - -···
0.46
0.06
3 34.9781
15 34.Q(!66
0.56
0.16
3
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i:~ -- ----::£:~~--10
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34.7746
1.04
3q
34.7136
2.03
2
J 7. 33
- - --· ..
-·- -- .. -
--- -----·- ·-·-· - - - - - --
t-7,tq7s
DEC
1.37
2.38
0.92
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8:9J
0.66
0.54
o.e1
o.n -- ·
0.52
0.70
0.75
0.88
o.48
o.2~t
O.lt7
0.61
0.73
0.67
0.64
-l.OO
0.67
0.79
0.77
-1.00
o.z6
o. 9
-1.00
-1.00
0.52
tl
120~7 ~
6~5
31
30.24.4811
r.oo09o4!1W
120
120 ~75
955
32
3U o4 3 .1 2N
BO.(J1.00\ol
150
12{•!>75
1155
33
31o27.24N · - ;q.5b.48W
32.13o54~
so.r~-4 2\ol
120~7~
120~75
120u75
2200
235.3
20
H
43
12067!>
221
44
3i?.oq.42 - 80o 5ol2W
32 . 04.18N BOo05.12W
31.5~oOON __7_9o5l.t8W
12067!>
420
45
3lo44 .18N
79o3 8 .12W
12Cib7!>
757
46
)1.35.42N
79.20.00W
},0()7 5
1<:20
47
32.01. 54N
...
12077 5
1£ 0775
0
307
52
53
UAlE
liM E
SlA
120775
445
54
12077!>
64~
55
120775
9!-5
56
12077 ~
1505
57
33.2~o54N
u
19
18 .oq.~zw
-
~It;
40
HI
p.to
;. 30
10
8:iA
~ -- ~~:8i~~ --~:-li-
40
too
~
l9.!1b
0~~5
tooooo·- -- --·-,. 93(.9940
o.3e
3 . • Q24Z
o.24
i5ooop ·- 6.11 7
3b.03Z7
0.38
36.0065
0.35
36o0055
3~.0697
U:~}~~
3~ ~~:~UJ
2~(1
79.(l 5 . 24W
_, ......... ---
__LONG 1 TUDE
t683
24 .~0
3~.1092
lJ
21
b
36.0907
36 .0119
0
3
o.o
35.3703
JOO
24 .b0
1
16o20
17 50
0
. ~s=
o.o~t
Oooe
oool
OoO .
0.04
o.oe
- -·
78.0 0o00W
-- :} :88
~:8 -----.:-A:g~
0.05
99.99
0.03
o.~~
o.
0.07
0.07
0.33
0.04
0.04
0.10
---·· 8:fe------ 8:8~-----
25
20.40
23.40
1~ U:S~H
--- q~=4~
,~=~~ --
-
-~.00
- .oo
0.13
0.58
-1.00
0.52
--~.00
.oo
o.ao
-1.00
Oo75
-1o00
-1.00
-1.00
1.25
0.65
-~:n - - o.sz- - 0.78
0.69
0.98
O.lt~
0.55
0.1
0.66
0.2
~Y:~8 -1.0
- y.65
.oo
-1.00
-1o00
-1.00
0.53
0.18
0.66
.o --- .-53
-~~22 __ _-A··~
-1.00
-1.0
-1.¥0
t.ea
1.0
o. 1
·
f:~g
_ QEI?fli __lf_I1E._~~~~~ --- S_t.t.. HU~L --Q:!~~~Mb~~~~~fml.S-lgl~~
31
-1o00
-loOO
-loOO
-1.00
-·
••
~~
--- s:n
o.11
0.03
3 36o0274
OoO
99.99
99.99
6
99.99
J5 i6.06!0
99.99
33.00. OOR-- 7T;4:r. 2'~y--·· -113" -- n ·;cm--- - ·3 - rose .,--u. 21
0.04
Oo05
0.20
50 36.0539
36o4400
100
o.o2
Oo02
A25
:?5. flO
3 3~o90lt9
32 o :;o. 30N 77.t2.3~W
--8:~~----=8:8!---50 3 o9009
0.03
100 35.9083
o. 22
99.99
250 36.0908
99.99
- ---·-··--·-- ··- 33ol7 .00N
-loOO
:.1 o00 -loOO
-1o00
-1o00
-1.00
0.23
o.zz
-1.00
Oo27 . -
-1o00
-1oOO
-1.oo
-1.oo
Oo53
0.55
!- ---~~=~~-0.04
0.04
a8 -u: n~i ----~: u
~~ !~:1Ul-·
0.03
- - --o.o3
- --
o.tt
-t.oo
-l-8°
- • 0
99.i9
99.91-1.00
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-- -8~
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:~~ -1.00
0.31
Oo03
1o85
0.93
0.33
3
1.0000
15 36o0620
o.o1
32 -· 21.30
3 35;
36olli~
99.99
·-·--zso -- -~
-9.00
3 36.0390
5~
o.~a
40
1.0000
• 3
425
25.50
-.
33 .4I.OON 18.4Zol8W
33o44 o48N _ 78.15.48~
LA TJ TUDE
l-45
15
··--- 30
24.AO
3
15
·A·••
A:g
_ AH~----t ~:n -·-1-'
OJ
8:~!
-1.00
-1.00
-A.oo
--~.oo
- .~ts-.zo-1.00
-1.00
-1o00
-t.oo
0.05
8:~i
0.28
-1o00
-1.00
-loOO
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
----
8:ll
-.-1.00
8:tf
-
-1.00
-A.oo
.63
-1.00
-1.00
0.53
0.86
-1.00
-1.00
-·~
...o:
19
/
/
/
FIGURE 7 . Isoclin e analysis of s alinit y data for Cruise 2 .
(Cnnlnur Inter"·'
-
'
'
20
23
/
cfj/
21+
I
I
FIGURE 8 o
Isocline analysis of temperature data for Cruise 2 .
(Contour interval = 1 degree Centegrade)
21
/
/
__ ,
/
/
I
/
I
I
FIGURE 9. Isocline analysis of chlorophyll data for Cruise 2 .
(Contour interval = 1.0 ~g/L )
22
,----
__.
lI
7]
~
/j
/
/
__ ,-(
/
/
~
~
v
..J
I
FIGURE 10. Isocline analysis of pheo-pigment data for Cruise
(Contour interval = .2 ~g/L)
2.
~
23
CRUISE 3, FEBRUARY 8-15, 1976 R/V ADVANCE II
Four complete transects of the continental shelf were included
in the track for Cruise 3:
St. Mary's
Do boy
Charleston
Cape Fear
Stations 20 - 25
Stations 19 - 26
Stations 4 - 8
Stations 28 - 34
The Cape Fear transect runs in an east-southeasterly direction
from a point just south of the Little River Inlet and was continued
to the 650M depth contour (Station 28). Station 29 (164M, 30°27'N,
76°55'W), which was on the return leg of the cruise, is not included
in Figure 3.
Hydrographic data for this cruise exhibit little two-dimensional
structure. Temperature tends to increase along a smooth gradient
across the shelf. Salinity data indicate a zone where salinity is
less than 30 °/oo in the coastal region from the Savannah River to
Jekyll Island. A zone of relatively fresh water (<31 °/oo) is also
located near the coast off Charleston.
Biological data for this cruise differed from previously
established patterns in several ways. tfhile there was a significant
decrease in chlorophyll as distance from shore increased, it was not
as great as in Cruise 1, 2, and 4 (See Appendix II). Furthermore,
nearly all of the pheo-pigment maxima were located in patch-like
regions on the outer continental shelf (See Figure 15) instead of
plume-like formations in the coastal zone. One of the two
identified zones of relatively high chlorophyll concentrations is
also an offshore phenomenon. This chlorophyll concentration in
this region is .75 ~g/L (Station 29) and 1.82 ~g/L (Station 22).
The other region of relatively high chlorophyll concentration was a
coastal plume extending outward from the St. Mary's River.
Chlorophyll concentrations in this region ranged from 2.29 ~g/L at
Station 20 to .06 ~g/L at Station 25.
24
5
X "329
x22
xl
x29
x2B
x4
X
l~ll
x12
x13
xl4
x27
xlS
x26
x2Q21x22 x23 x24
x25
FIGURE 11. Station locations for Cruise 3.
..
Table IIJ .r
IJ AH
(.V.J1f,
Tlm
~lA
1 7()()
STA1ION lJATA
LATITUC E
3? .
~e
.3utl
**
1\fJ V
r1
LONG Jl UDt:
[)f P TH
7tl . 5 l. UOW
n
13.00
T E I~P
1 h4tl
2
3? .4fi.OON
76.4I. JO W
39
16.50
l'uC, 11 .
L U3~
3
Ji! .3 3 . 3 0N
78.2 i3 .1 2W
l it>
:w . 00
l l U7b
tuu
4
32 . r,o . uuN
7Q.1 0 . 00W
'1 0
1A.OO
2 H · fl
2 ~ ~)
5
3 l'.2 l.OON
79.24. oow
30
I 5 :oo
2 1U7f.
44!:>
6
12 . 32 . 06N
79.37.onw
;.' l
13.00
<1 u 7 (,
L> l (J
7
J.: . 38 . 3CJN
1<~.41.3UW
13
l 2 . 00
.-. l• •n.
70 ~
1.>
:i2 .4 2 .! 2N
79.4 6 . 30 W
1I
10. 0()
l. 1(! f h
11 t u
9
32 .1l.1 UN
6o.ta.54 ~f
I il
11
1 •t 3U
10
11
so.z s.oow
1\
11
24
11.00
Lt
3 1. 52.00N
3 1.48. 0f> N
Jl . 40 . (1f.N
2 1u ·t 6
2 1u 7t
< IC • f o
15.? ~'
1 7u :.
90.16.30W
bO. 3U .4 &W
.'~ 0
1~.00
1 .-oo
2 1 U 7~
1840
13
3 J. D . 30N
80. 17.16W
l. lt' ll
~ or o
14
3 t.27.ooN
!iO~M. M W
34
- 41
2 l l· 7h
22 55
31 . 0 1. 00111
80.1Q.OOW
40
17.00
£I II h
10
15
in
3 1 • CJ fJ • (J l •N
al.)Q . oow
2 '1
f4 . 0U
2 1 I I to
2;, 4
17
J I • 14. OO N
B0 . 55 . 00W
12.00
356
18
3 1 • 11.4 &N
3 1.19. 00N
£11.05 .4!1 ~
1 fl
.. 1
11
10
14
24
12.00'
12.00
13. 00
l'•. 00
14. 50
2 !17 ~
Z11 7u
2 I 17 A
dJH,
~ 11 '"
43 ~
90(·
10 UU
11 Ul'
19
20
.?1
l2
30 .4 3 . OON
61.10.30W
B1.23.30W
(1 1.14-.00W
tll.OZ. 00 \.1
3 0 .4). (J(Jfll
3U.4~.00N
~
15 . 00
'18~%
2 I I ·ro
1 23u
23
3(.) .4 3 . 00N
fi0 .4 5 . 00 W
7<>
1 !:> . 50
d l7 t.
1400
24
30.4:!.00N
eo .z a .om~
41 '
1 o:oo
2 1111'
lbi O
25
30 .4 3 . vO N
OO . OZ . 36W
200
24 . 00
t ll7 1:-
1'/ 5(1
7o
3u . 55 .1 2N
7') . 5A . 42~1
I SO
74.oo
.Z I 1 71 ,
1 'l'tCI
l7
) 1 .1">. 00111
79.4S.O OW
88
t.: it-.
l-3Z
?0
3<: .27.30 N
77.1 2 .00\.1
B5
23.<;0
24-. 01)
~.; . uo . OON
77.4j. C10 W
lflO
72 . 00
<:
d t 7u
i 1 ~ ., (•
11 1 ~
?'I
154">
1 t~
j _, .
£7. JO N
23 . 0(1
:; 7
?0 . 00
)() \~
32
1 r, . C!l•
.:U .If. O(';Il
7 6 . 0 0 . 00.-i
3'•
I
31
33 • .;'1- . C:JN
1 E- .
n
J < . ~(j
.} l 'l
J2
J .) • :; •; • (1 ( ~ l
7 !l . I I- . •J l ·\1
;
13 .
l,<tU
(~'• l'
'3
~ ~
. •dl . ... !'(~
7 t: . 21 . 4; ~~
'i t\ . l !- "\Po l
I f . 0'· . 1.l r1
It
229
.?3 . 3?. . 4Lf~
32'-f
3
d 3 1t.
40
30
2 I .- It-,
1~ ?
<.I.> / '-
c: LJ ,,,
~ 1.• I <-•
,1 Jc,·l v
l ">l..
77.1 3 .1 111>1
17 55
194LJ
-- ~---
.nc•w
77. :.'6 .
l l76
2l.c7 f>
~
1 t. . c.~
'J(JI.,
.,
".)· 't
.
. .. q . (J(Jr.j
.J -· • 4 t .• • 1 ~tf,,
.J_J • L,"l • Jr i'J
o·). 0<1 W
!1/! !, klN
DE:F-THS
II J '-- -1 6
~·
I I'
17
• ( I ('
('o(,
I I • f'C•
I I • C•\•
I I • '· ('
-·-
---
-
- - - --- -- - --
..
--
H: B 13 -1 3 ,1 976
3
20
3
30
3
~0
3
1'-0
3
20
3
15
3
10
3
j
10
3
3
3
20
J
3~.
30
3
30
~
30
3
1~
3
3
3
3
20
3
25
3'
35
3
10 0
3
100
3
f-.0
3
100
3
1 00
3
100
3
16
3
""
3
?5
:1
'O
1(\
3
"
3
3
5 AL1 Nl1Y
34. 5000
3'+.'>000
3 :. .5 000
35 .~000
31>.000(1
36.0000
35.!:>000
p.soog
5.000
35.5000
35.000(1
34.5000
33 .5 000
33.5000
27.5000
2~.5000
3 .5000
33.5000
31.500 0
31.500(1
34.0 000
3 4.0000
35.5000
!5.'i000
. 6.5C•OO
3f>.5000
36.0000
36.0000
33 .0000
33.0000
31.5000
·-j~:~888
29.5000
31.'5000
u,sooo
.5000
o.o
35.5000
o.o
36.5000
o.o
36.5000
~~-5000
'-.5000
36.5000
35.'5000
35 . 5000
36. 5000
o.o
35.5000
3o . 5(100
31'-.S OOO
n.n
3 6. 5COO
0. 0
0.(1
o.o
35 . 5liCO
3!) . ~ (J(Jll
35 . ~0 00
:i5 . ~CIOU
~4 • 'i(1(10
35 . 5C'OG
34 . 5000
:13 - ~ twO
~ ;> • () [o(1()
CHLOROPHYLL PHAEO-PIGMHHS
IN MICROGRAM!; PFR LITR E
-· ·-·. 0. 1 4
o.oq
0.02
0.16
0.02
1.34
99.99
0.38
Y:M
·- · ·1. 34
0.33
0.33
0.61
0.63
1.53
-0.09
-0.06
Q.07
0.01
99.99
0.03
&:H
-8:
I~ -0.11
0.23
8:~~
0.25
0.4?
o.y9
o. 6
.
8:~~-- -----·
1.16
2.92
0.51
1.07
99.9Q
0.38
-0.14 ·-· . · q9.Q9
2.07
0.06
o. 1 A
o.o
0.25
-0.06
-0.33
0.33
o.t>J
0 .79
-0.05
0.12
0 .06
o.z~
0.51
0. 42
0 .47
0 .29
0 .4Q
(1 .3 3
0 . 1B
0 . 2Q
I. 0 I
1.95
1.15
5.30
.08
0.68
2.87
4.5
5.35
3.50
z.8o
1.58
.08
3. 24
2.22
1.82
0.63
1. 30
1. 63
1.57
0.62
1.62
1.23
z. 7Z
2.74
2.38
1.~>0
2.62
1.80
2.15
0.42
0.96
-1.00
-- -- -
0.30
0.15
0.62
2.87
3.14
0.48
0.95
0.75
=-8:H---·· - 0.93
A:~3
0.13
99.99
--·· . -8: ~l ...
1.62
1. 3'•
0.23
1.02
1.68
1.42
· ---- :s:a~ ------·-- -A=~~
0.43
0.13
99.99
-0.14
0.5 3
qq.qq o.o
0.05
-g.ol
- .o
0.05
0.41
1.61
-- o.u ·
0.22
-0.13
0.30
0.12
0.08
0.10
0.43
0.14
0.22
0.3 3
0.46
0.29
0 .11
0.32
0.5 '5
0.20
0 . 4(1
0 . :11
ATP
. 1. 32
3.65
1.78
2-9~
0.04
0.22
. 0.14
0.16
-o .18
0.10
-0.1 b
0.11
-0.3 8
0.16
0.79
o.~t2
0.60
0.36
0.23
ADEN.
1.78
A: H-- - -·---8:6~
-0.21
0.51
1.01
TOTAL
4.54
1.05
0.53
3.17
o .eo
0.92
1.93
1.95
o.n
0.48
1.80
0.45
2.43
2.74
-1.00
-1.00
3.54
2.05
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
2.75
4.14
1 .3 2
-1.00
1· 02
0.13
1.47
1. 40
7. .10
i.os
~-00
0.9~
ENERGY
CHARGE
0.&3
0.1 ...
0.86
0.66
0.78
0.65
0.64
o.p
o.
3
o. 70
0.82
0.84
o.sh
o. 72
0.76
0.78
0.76
o.eo
0.83
o.sz
0.2
0.93
-1.00
0.11
0.94
-1.00
o.2~
0.54
0.62
-A.oo
• 32
1·4
.60
0.21
0.55
0.55
0.88
0.52
o.so
2. 2 8
0.65
0.45
1. 67
0.60
0.45
0.82
0.73
0.48
0.12
0.07
0. 26
1. 37
1. 55
-1.00
-1.00
2.13
1. 46
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
2.02
1.65
1.12
-1.00
0.97
0.65
1. 17
1. 06
1. 03
-&.oo
.63
8:1g
0.76
0.81
0.81
0.84
0.67
o. 72
0.73
0.93
o. 77
0.88
0.75
0.67
0.56
0.55
0.30
0.36
o.t-3
0.71
0.78
-1.00
-1.00
0.75
0.62
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
-1.00
o.7o
0.64
0.84
-1.00
0.94
O.Ql
0.89
o. 77
O.b6
N
V1
26
I
I
I
I
FIGURE 12. Isocline analysis of salinity data for Cruise 3.
(Contour interval = 1 °/o~
27
FIGURE 13. Isocline analysis of temperature data for Cruise 3.
(Contour interval = 1 degree Centegrade
28
,/
/
I
I
I
I
I
FIGURE 14. Isocline analysis of chlorophyll data for
Cruise 3. (Con~our interval = 1 ~g/L)
29
FIGURE 15. Isocline analysis of pheo-pigment data for
Cruise 3.
(Contour interval= .2 pg/L)
30
CRUISE 4, JUNE 7-11, 1976 R/V ADVANCE II
Nearly all 43 stations on this cruise were part of four transects
across the continental shelf:
Do boy
Was saw
Charleston
Cape Fear
Stations 10 - 16
Stations 5 9
Stations 22 - 26
Stations 28
39
On this cruise a special effort was made to study the same locations
for an extended period of time.
Stations 35, 135, 235, and 335
(Cape Fear transect) represent stations held at two-hour intervals
on June 10. On the Dobey transect, a station located at 3l 0 73'N and
80°54'W was sampled three times between 0031 and 0755 hours on
June 9 (Station numbers 12, 16, and 116). During the Cape Fear
series temperature, chlorophyll, and pheo-pigments remained fairly
constant except at 1930 when a particularly high chlorophyll value
was recoreded (.4 ~g/L) and salinity increased by 1 °/oo. During
the Deboy series, values for all parameters were essentially the
same at 0402 and 0755 hours.
Analysis of the spatial distribution of hydrographic data reveals
a region of relatively fresh water near the Savannah River.
This
area is also the focal point for a zone of high chlorophyll and
pheo-pigment fluorescence.
Chlorophyll concentrations in the region
range from 5.8 ~g/L at Station 5 to a value of .09 ~g/L about
20 miles offshore (Station 9). The concentration of pheo-pigments
in this zone ranged from .7 ~g/L (Station 5) to .04 ~g/L (Station 9).
The sharp increase in chlorophyll concentration north of the Cape
Fear transect is due to a chlorophyll concentration of 4 ~g/L
measured at Station 1.
31
X
32,34
x31.35.135.235,335
X
30.36
x29.37,39,
X
x23
x22
x7
x9
xl13.15 .
x12.16.116,
X 11
xlO
FIGURE 16 . Station l ocations for
Cruise 4 .
28,38
Table IV.
u•• 1 t
t-.(J
71 1-.
(>ll77b
l-.( 8 1 t.
t O .1 it·
t-<..u7n
ov87t..
blllJ 76
&vH76
6v676
6C:87o
6(JI:l7h
btl'' 76
ouCJ t..
ov'77o
li ;H.
~ lA
17 UG
1
2
3
4
5
~3 1 ~
~35
63U
uo~
1 25U
1430
163 ~
1 &05
?0~~
.<'.:!~(1
31
uu
b
7
8
9
10
11
12
1)
LATlllJLJE
LGN GIII JI1E'
33 . 4<1 . 3bN
33 . 0 l • .:.UI
32 . ;1<:.54N
j;>. I 2 . 4 BN
31 . !JL . OON
3 1.47.36N
31 • 4 (J . 1 2N
31 . 3S . OON
31 • 2 1. vuN
78.03.4?14
3t . v7 ... bN
J1 . 13 . 42N
.3l.l1 . 4tJN
3 1.1 Q. 3QN
3 1.17.4 8N
3 1. 13 . 4 2N
31 . 13 . 42N
32 . D .1 UN
80 . 3t< . 42W
80 . 54 . 42W
8 1.0 6 . 0014
A1 • 11 • 30W
· Bl . Ot- .QOW
3l . C7.Ubtl
!IO.l6.4 R~i
1:!0.4~.0 (111
80.3l . 3AW
80 .1 3 . 301-1
1)0 . 0 4.1'31
I I
22 .oo
2 3 . (10
::-3 . so
2) . 50
23 . 50
24.00
24.50
24 . 00
23 . {10
24 . 00
23 . 00
23 . 50
24.00
24.00
24.00
25.50
4<;
· · H:H:6~~
31
19
24. sg
24.!;>
18
23 . 50
24
23
32.20 .42N
j~ . 3:.! . 18 N
~0'1 "((:.
6U9"/6
6107o
6 107 6
ZOJO
2200
105
1UCJ
25
26
27
28
32 . 35.3t.N 79.40 . 24 W
32 .37.54N
3 3.00.54N .. H:~~ :2 ~~
33.00.00N 17.43.18W
t.1076
6)U7b
61076
940
10 56
1216
29
30
31
33 .17. 24N
3J . 2n .O ON
33 . 34.40N
61076
(, (J 71..
610 lA
b 1076
6 1U76
u 1U7l>
61076
pz(J
43~
1615
1720
1Q3U
2DO
32
~23ll
34
35
135
23S
335
j3.4l . 00N
33 .4'/.0oN
33.41 .0 0N
33 . 34.4BN
33 . 34 .4 6 N
33 . 34 . 48N
33 . 34 .4 8N
76.24. f\OW
n.15.4 2 W
78.1 5 . 42W
78.15.42W
78.15.42W
DATE
TJME
STA
LATITUDE
LONGITU[IE
61[171-.
23ju
36
33 . £n . OvN
"t 8 .0~. 00W
t- 1 l 7 t-.
104
37
33 .17. 24N
61 1 76
611 7t..
:?.25
38
39
33.(JO.OCN
33 .17.2 4N
1~
3
22.00
?2.00
"19.15.06W
eo. s... 4<·w
N J~ k l N
Dtf' lHS
b0 . ~ 4.4211
·· 188
l~ .. -~1:~8 - ..
25.20
. 76 . oo.oow
7 8 . 09,00W
78.15.42W
i& : ~i-:8g~ .
34
24
18
-··11
-I ll
20
20
2(!
20
DEPTH
24 .oo.
23 . 50
23 .so
23 . 00
23.00
24.00
24.00
22~ •- ~00
23.50
H-M P
26
24 . uo
78 . 00.00W
31
2 4. 50
77.4 .LI BW
71\.00. 00W
lMl
25.00
24 . 50
-I
-·-·
- - ··-
--·--
·-
-
JUN E 7-11,1"176
T E~IP
41:1
2<.
15
13
11
13
15
163(1
1'>46
~34
]]
8(!
80 .1 ~ .1 211
oL•'-176
ov., to
33
1o
t0
16
10
-1
20
8 U. 5<:' . 3UW
11 6
22
1b
-- -------·-A llV
13
7 9.54 . 3M/
f-v'lln
?0'776
6 ':' 16
...
uFI'TH
78 . ~5 . 0fJW
zo ..
245
40 4!
7!:>5
17 00
~0<,176
14
15
STATION Cl.t.T A
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
··-· 3
3
30
3
3
15
3
SA LIN I TV
CHLOR OPH'!'ll - PHAEO-PIGHENTS
IN MICROGRAMS PER LITRE
31.50"00 --· ... -z..O"o-·- -- - ..:o-;-o~ -34 .0 000
0.19
0.53
32.0000
99.99
99.99
31.0000
0.27
0.09
26.0000
5. 60
0.70
32.0000
-0.70
1.25
34.0000
1. 25
-0.09
34.5000
0.09
o.A3
35.000(f- - --l>.09 -·
4
34 .0000
0.22
0.14
33.0000
0.09
Oo09
3 l.ooog
~Y:n
3 .ooo
2. 23
-0.42
3 1.5 000
31.0000
0.98
0.07
3 1.0000
33.0000 --·- ~:2i----~~=~~--35.0000
0.04
0.06
o.o
0.22
0.03
~4.5008
- · ..:8:8~ -2 .0 00
o.o
o.zz
0.03
34.0(100
0.04
0.18
o.
g:H -- -
8:H - -··
3
34.5000
o.o
20
3 . )4.0000
3 34.0000
3 34.0000
10
o.o
3
NI SKIN
DEP lH S
3
10
3
15
3
3
2.89
2.00
1.69
6.04
1. 41
1.21
0.66
o. 73 .
2.17
1.27
0.9~
0.9
1.51
o.o
35 .0000
33.0000
34 .0000
33.0(..00
33 .0000
-1.00
y.68
.63
-1.00
1.41
8:8o-·---·· A:g~
0.22
0.09
-0.04
0.06
0.48
-1.00
0.31
0.12
1.10
1.22
-1.00
o. 80
-g:H
-----·:S:8B·
0.13
0.05
0.31
0.16
0.14'
0.02
o.o
o.o
o.o
-··8o.u
:1i····- ---- - ·1:A~
0.07
o.o
SAL INTTY ·-·cHlOROPRVLL."l'HAEO=PIG"HENTS" -- TOTAL
IN HlCROGRAHS PER LITRE
AOEN.
34 . 0000
o.o
35.0000
3g:8ooo·
35 . 0000
0.04
-
-· ..
0.27
o.u
8:~8 ----0.07
0 .06
o.oz
o.o1
UP
1.42
1.41
0.87
~-08
• 81
0.61
0.69
0.33
0.38
1.15
0.76
0.69
o.so
0.90
o.o
o.o
o.o
o.zo
-1.00
0.31
u.s
-1.00
0.11
0.72
0.46
0.23
-1.00
0.31
0.52
0.61
-1.00
·l:U
· -··0.72
~=~~
1. 33
-&·~5
- • 7
~- --~1:8888 -- - - ·- 8=~~
3
1.24
--·- &:8
0.35
- - ~-U :8888 -----8:-l~
3
3
3
-.-
TOTAL
AOEN.
-
-8:81)-0.06
0.82
-1.00
1.01
-1.00
0.42
0.50
o.o
o.o
0.0
o.o
ATP
0.53
-1.00
0.66
-1.00
0.19
0.28
ENERGY
CHARGE
o.at
0.60
0.72
0.82
0.71
0.79
0.79
0.66
0.71
o.n
0.73
0.80
o. 72
0.76
o.o
o.o
·o.o
0.76
-1.00
0.67
0.73
-1.00
0.66
- 0.84
0.12
0.72
-1.00
0.61
- 0.67
0.6b
-1.00
w
N
- &:~r .
o. 70
o.o
o.o
o.o
o.o
ENERGY
CHARGE
0.81
-1.00
0.16
. _:::1. 00
0.69
0.76
.,.,
33
I
~
I
/
/
I
I
FIGURE 17. Isocline analysis of salinity data for Cruise 4.
(Contour interval = 1 °/oo)
34
23~
24~
/
I
/
FIGURE 18. Isocline analysis of surface temperature data
for Cruise 4. (Contour interval = 1 degree Centigrade)
35
/
, _I
/
/
I
/
I
I
I
I
I
I
FIGURE 19. Isocline Analysis of chlorophyll data for Cruise 4.
(Contour interval = .5 ~g/L)
36
/
__,
I
/
/
/
/
/
I
I
I
I
I
FIGURE 20 . Isocline analysis of pheo- pigment data for Cruise 4 .
(Contour interval = . 1 ~g / L)
37
LITERATURE CITED
Bancroft, Keith. 1977. The use of adenylate energy charge to
measure growth state in microbial ecosystems. Doctoral
dissertation, University of Georgia.
Bancroft, K. and W. J. Wiebe. 1977. Biomass and metabolic activity
determinations in the continental shelf waters of the S. E.
coast of the United States.
(Unpublished manuscript).
Chapman, A. G., L. Fall, and D. E. Atkinson. 1971. Adenylate
energy charge in Escherichia coli during growth and starvation.
J. Bact. 108: 1072-1086.
Jacobsen, T. R. 1978. A quantitative method for the separation
of chlorophyll a and b from phytoplankton pigments of high
pressure liquid chromatography. Mar. Sci. Comm. 4(1): 33-48.
Joint Council on Oceanographic Standards and UNESCO. 1966.
International Oceanographic Tables. National Institute of
Oceanography of Great Britain (London). UNESCO, Paris 128 pp.
Strickland, J. D. H. and T. R. Parsons. 1972. A Practical
Handbook of Seawater Analysis, 2nd Ed. Fisheries Research
Board of Canada Bulletin 167, 310 pp.
Wiebe, W. J. and K. Bancroft. 1975. Use of the adenylate energy
charge ratio to measure growth state of natural microbial
communities. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 72: 2112-
38
Appendix IA.
Salinity Program "SAL"
SAL is an interractive fortran program which was developed
for use with an IBM 2741 hardcopy terminal. As a consequence,
the format of some of the write statements, particularly those
which give instructions to the user, would have to be re-formatted
to fit the shorter line length of most errninals with a CRT-type
display.
The program is designed for use with data collected on a
precision salinometer and the drift correction which this instrument
requires is calculated by SAL and incorporated into the corrected
conductivity ratio.
Temperature correction to 15C is made
according to procedures outlined by the International Council
on Oceanographic Standards and Tables (1966) and the user may
enter a standard temperature for use with all samples in a series
or enter individual temperatures with each conductivity ratio.
SAL has been fully documented with respect to accuracy, and questions
regarding its implementation may be directed to Michelle Wood,
Institute of Ecology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia .
Joint Council on Oceanographic Standards and UNESCO. 1966.
International Oceanographic Tables. National Institute of
Oceanography of Great Britain (London). UNESCO, Paris 128 pp.
39
,._. ••
TSc-FCf<cGRGtJi'l!Jt1.lK::l~'"'"-..------ --------
L
- -
·---
-
--· ·--- --- - ---
,.. S ALINITY .-' -<J'-'" -' '1 ilY A. 11 lC .-i -: LL2 ~<0 0 0 .. -.. JAI\ UAF'Y
;:r-r:v-EI\5 r c.• ca_ T 1 ~a J J , . . T c: ~P t 200 1 ;~c-t-z:r.rr-- ---------I 1\ TEC:cl< Ct...UII.T, ou T, ;, •- •\ S, Jil CT
C_.l_.
~=~
~~ I' ·
1 9 76 ,..
-- ·
- --
5 FC RMAT I/////19.,'T rl !S
L.OuOOulJ
- - -- c-oOl.).m-.: <
r- - - - ----------· ·
CCUC CU 3U
COuJ004J
JUOO v u50
'I
c.,;;,
...-r<nc
----- - -
(~AL
L~~~M~=LuA.C u CKic5
--- --c-uovo,.;,.,-
-
i j ~N
-- -- - - -- ·-
~~T~~R.:.CT!VE F[QT~Ah P ~ QG ~GM ~HICH CAOU000055
iLCLL"Tc 5 /12Xo'}~LI ~ !TY 12~ft~R< . J01 P?TI FC~ LP T C ~Ou S~~PLE~ ~CCOOU0005 6
$ G ~CI~~ TO C~NV EN T!.~}'/ ~ x ,• P ua LISHfL dY T~~ JCII\T ~~1\~L CN G CE~~3GOOOOJ057
1
--- Ii<APF i --c-T;.c"T:S - ·•D ST-. ·<Cl"-:;-s- >~ 8 u J'lESC U r,q r<;t~7't -- -- - - - ------- ~oomJ<;-~ - - - - - - nt-!Tc lt.L 0 1
G000~060
lu 1- L i'. ,~.t ~T (//::i.<,•c •T:: ~ . <·.JMJ f ;< GF S ~ .P LE S d ET\ot:::ll. S THC ~QQS .:.S XXX i.'lOUOOOJ07iJ
C CC~CLCTIVITY ~~TI J F J~ ~ ~C rl ST ~~0~~0 ~S x.>XaX> 't 5J ,' ~K l? 3 S ? ACEJUJOOuaO
· - -c - BITiicEl\TficSc ::N I K!ES '/11
- - - - ·--- ---- -- ·- -ct)"j'O'()~ - - - - - - - - - --·
15 Kt.olC. (5,21.11 II.M.;iMP,ST::>.,STu.?
00000100
20 F C.kM.:<T ll3t1Xor7.:i, L.<,F7.5l
GOUOOllO
uKF l=( S l Cl -ST ;JZI/ I FL ,J.ol.Ttl'iMSMPI+L. I
OO\JC0120
- ------
-~
TTFTC075T''Ji'FT
OC)O
aonn- - -
- ------
(5X,' i) IFT=•,Fc . S /SX,'"L fo :.~f: cr T2i< STAII.CAi'<C TE i~ P i:RATURE AS 00000140
(. + CR -x;.,.,,(X' I
Ol.J000l50
"t .. c 1 5 o3uJ rrc: :~P
Ouu00160
30 FC1<1'f,..T tFo.-z-r
- - - - - - -- -vu~TtJo-rHr-- - -- - - - ~r< dt: tco351
-::oocotso
35 FL: KMAT ISJI.,'T HAl" YJ J ' / SA, ' iJL YI) J fllt cD I~STil.LCTIC 5? 1 1
0000 0 190
Rt..:C ( 5,40 1 ~1\.S
O:J0002UO
- - 4a- · ;:-c~T-T;:iT
-·-- - - - - - - ----- -e"JOOt>Z·to· - --- -. - - .
IF (.lr,s.2~. : l .:;J TJ .. ~
C0000220
" i'< iT c I 6,,.51 TT:: :Ir'
lOu C0230
c,:;, FC.-<. I'AT (5A r' :OH:O" .)~"~r'Lc ~<U:-1 8 E " ~ .';0 Cu r<!JGCTIVITY =< AT! C ,:.5 .< XJI.X l '<Cu i.JO UO l4u
---· e-x~ x-xn-~dO" .<l ' I 5X, 'SIC'rF' A S PAC~ beT iitl!<rl~f: s-t- t:l'rti'Tt"S -;- ti' --tntlOO"'uc.;v-- - - CE iEI'F:;<>~TJt{c i~ 1'-t G T' ol X , FS . l/SX,•:)KlP .\ SPACe, E~TE? THE C G ~RECT llu0G U2b 0
Cv.:.LLc AS t JK -XX. XX t1 tF UP. E i<ET U K .~'/5Xo' YOU MA~' cllT!:R "'EW CATA AS CUOOJ270
CS(Lf\ .l) SALIN~TY lS J!Sf'L.lYcLi 'l
00U.00280
:.'1C'i:'L ;-r ~o- - J'OO'~o -- - - - - ... t<iTE tt , 4tJ
0000029l
'ro t=C,.,f"ilT
1/SX,' ~ :·Hc" Fi r< S T S.\ ,'~? ~c J:.TA 'l
000002 9 2
)u r<c .n. (5,561 o~T, :{ .\[ , ic •" P
G00003l 0
- - :, s--FCI<M""A r--TZA'IPi r F 1. ~ 9r 1 • 2 I
uou thJ-3-3(}-- - · - - - - - - - So FC~I'A1 ll4,lX,F7r:lrL<,F7 ..U
00000331
CCLI\T-=CCur.T+l
0000030:.0
2:S
fC~t<AT
~-=K+l
C00003~0
- -;-ltl"'F?IIcl'::
IF l Tt: i~P. ill:= .0.01 i'< T::~i>=Tt:"1P
u L TM T = I lu, •.,. I - :l. I I "'" .. T • ( RM T- 1 • l • ( .{ T MP- 1 5. I * l <; 6 . 7 - ( 7 2 , U•
:>+(RAT•'>'Z ,IJ-((, o.:!H . <! •I R ~ 7•2 . 1)1•(~T F.'~P-15,) II
---- C'(-;tforf=-tf:tr<:ft•Fc04 Tt cJd ~TII +OL TAT+KAf-
c
tltJtlCtJJ60
0 0000310
P t.
- - -- - --
T I+ (3 7. 3 vOU 003 a 0
CUOC0390
~~ - - - - - - - -SAL-=- . U69S6 +(l~. l972v~CwRR ATJ+Il l . tl0832*1C~R~~T••< .JI-I l0 . 67869*IC0\J000450
CLJR..<n,.,.~.II+I5.Sdbl4•1CCKR~T-41 .. 4,Jl-(
.
' "" lTE
( t:,'T4l
l.J23ll•tC CI='RAT" • 5.J l
C.C000460
COOOU470
SAL
-- ---z;-.:."""1"C7i"'JtT-"1~!.L
il0ll004a~ -- --- · - · - -Cv0004 9 0
COOG05U0
GOOU0510
tidd 6 0 52 &- - - - -- --- ---- - -- 00000530
C0000540
00000550
lii lf I - ' ofY .'t/1
Q2(l(I\J=S t.: T
CTEf"P(I\)="T~Mi>
CS.lLI K 1= 5AL
[ F ( C C: ONf , NE .!lii'!::S ,V
... kiTC: (b,oOI
bO FCF<I'~"i 12X ,'A NLi Th Er<. SET?' I
~t~C ( 5,401 A~S
· - -- n:- 1 U'li.:.O'-:t'tl";-:-.J I GJ T:T~~;lE (t,o51
c5 f[.,I-IAT (2Xr
GL TC 1~
7~
~~11E
1
t: I<T E ~
.,,..,1.,,: ,
CF
CO~Ov570
SAM.-'L:OS
~N u
STAI\OAFCS'l
000006~0
FLr<M.:.T ( 2 ;..,• 0 u YJ ..J ... .. H Trt< S C.\ 7,. SJ RT O:D
IS , ,.J J Af\S
---rr-nrn ~ . E U . N l .:.yG;U,.-'T'I-:'-J..--,I•Ono-r---1
- -- - - CO lli.J l=loK
D~ 80 J;l,K
IF I~BCTIII.LE.:Jd.3TIJJJ GO TJ au
l:l Y SAI'J:l': r--UM B ER?'I
UvU006lU
00000620
.;.t;p[
---- -
-eo~o--- --
0 00 cl}tf~ - -- - -··- -· -- --
T~~ A L=05~L(JI
~OIJC06aU
H lEMP= CTt :"' i> IJ I
LJ BCT l J I =ub •: T I I I
OO u 00690
00 0 00700
- -- - --uSlrCTJ1 =DSALI,
--uu&e&7'iiT-
CHMPIJI= OT c"'Pill
ui:CT t I I =Tr SCT
CSALlll =Tt~S.<L
I c ~I? I , I = I ,'1 I c
-·- --oOtJtl&r.;-o--- - ----- - - - .:__:__::.._;_ _
lc,'1ll) uB J TILloJS~Lillo u T c 'I?(Ll
9J fLt<MAT (llXol'tr7XoF1.tod.<oF6.21
SS CCI\li~Lt
OOIJ007b0
COO.OU770
0 0u0J780
--- ~
~> K ITE
ti\C
-
00000720
00000730
C0000740
ao CC~il~ U c
hiU 1t It, d 5 l
_ ___::tl.:c
5 FC P I' AT ( / / / / / l LJ A,' S.:. "PL c 'r::> A r'S.:. ._ · . IT Y', SX ,'Ti:I'FE "- .:.T L;~ C:'///l
- - - - ITu--sJLV
--------
U000U640
OOUC0650
OuOOu660
-. l'i:'LT"' '
lJ'C'""')"5"L"=tfr"-
.
OUOOOSaO
OOIJOIJ59u
(~ , 751
75
- - -
-- -- - - --
- ·-- ---,;.oo.e~-1}--
- --- - - - ·-
OOOC08i.JO
OOuOOalO
CUOCOa20
- - Otl o ooe3o
C0000840
-------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------
- - ---
- - - --
40
Appendix lB.
Adenylate Programs "ATP" and "ATPEC"
Two adenylate programs are included in this appendix: ATPEC
and ATP. Both are interactive fortran programs which are
compatible with most hard-copy or CRT-type terminals. The program
ATPEC was created to automate data processing for Cruises 1, 2, 3,
and 4 according to methods used by Bancroft (Thesis 1977; Wiebe
and Bancroft, ms.). The use of the one-point standard curve for
ATP has since been found to be unreliable (Campbell and Wiebe 1978).
All adenylate assays are now accompanied by multiple-point standard
curves run at the beginning and end of each series of samples .
This provides a better approximation of the ATP standard curve and
allows a correction to be made for drift which arises from enzyme
deterioration during the analytical session. Parties interested
in implementing either of these programs should contact
Walton B. Campbell, Institute of Ecology, The University of Georgia,
Athens, Georgia.
Campbell, W. B. and W. J. Wiebe. 1978. ATP standard curves: a
precautionary note. Abstracts. 78th Annual Meeting American
Society for Microbiology. Las Vegas, Nevada.
Wiebe and Bancroft, ms.
41
~·••
•~•~I'S~G~
· •F~C~R~c~G~-R~Orrrro~N~O~h~A~R~v~C•t~PMfr>*r.~~*r•r-----------------------·---------------------- ----­
(t.TP
CSNA~t=wGA.lEN N~cS
1975
00000005
-------.,c....l.\1110 cr ro
1
2
~TPST
uOO 00020
000 C003
.BAC KG .COU NT . ' I
•j
CU00004u
--------~~~=~.~~--------------------------------------------------------~~lf0tra5u
SU~X=O.O
COOCG06 U
SL~'=o.o
N=C.C
-----3.,.......,..R rtc I 5, 4~)-;'\'"A"''"r-o-p-:-,1tB"f"'C"11"f1:-:-,~.;""'~'7'f(Jr----------------------------·
4
FCk~:.T ic 6 . u ,ZF6.l.l
l F (AT P • c W. 0. u J GC
SJ L=ALCGiO{ATPI
TJ
ooouuo7 ~
0000008 0
· - - - - - - - - -- -ctJi:.tet;IJ<f r)
COU0010u
5
.
00000l~J
L=l/10
IF (ATP .GT. l.CE2Jt ATP=iO.O•*CA•L)
IAIP .GI. I.Ot:ZOl uJ TO 50
ISTC .Lc . BCKI ,./RITe (6,161
1F IST O .Lc. BC..<.J GC T ·J 3
STC=ALuGl01STC-dCr<l
C0000150
OJQ00l6J
-oou-ocrr-ro
IF
OOOCJ18u
If
AIF-AlOGIO[AIPJ
I.J000 0l90
uOOO •J20 ·J
--------------~c~u·ovnzt~
SLMXSC=(STD••2)+SUMXSC
OOOC0220
SU~XY=tSTD•ATP}+S~MXY
SL~X=STC+SUMX
JUOOI.J230
COOC024u
- - - - -·u uo-oo-LScr
000002 6u
COJ0027 C
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If lSTC .LE. BCKl wriiTE (o,lo)
IF (STD .LE. BCK) GO TC 8
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00000430
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------~AriJ~F~=~trrno~.ui ~*~lT(~ST~~J~P~c~*~~~T~or)r+~xri~r~
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43
APPENDIX III.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS.
Alice G. Chalmers
All statistical analysis was done with the SAS 76 statistical
program package. Descriptive statistics (Table 1) used all data
points. For further analysis, all negative values for chlorophyll a
were omitted, and all negative values for phaeopigments were equated
to zero. Log transformations were used in analyses of chlorophyll a,
total adenylates, ATP and energy charge. When there was a significant
interaction effect in a two-way analysis of variance, one-way analyses
were used.
Correlation analyses were carried out to determine what relationships, if any, existed between the variables. There was a significant
negative correlation between chlorophyll and both salinity and miles
from shore on all cruises. There was a significant positive correlation
between chlorophyll and ATP on all cruises. There was also a significant
positive correlation between chlorophyll and total adenylates on all
cruises but Cruise 3. Chlorophyll and phaeopigments were significantly
correlated only for Cruise 4, when there was a negative relationship.
Besides its correlation with chlorophyll, ATP correlated positively
with total adenylates on all 4 cruises, positively with energy charge
on Cruises 2 and 3, negatively with miles from shore on all but
Cruise 1, and negatively with salinity on Cruises 2 and 4. There
was a significant positive correlation between total adenylates and
energy charge on Cruise 2 and significant negative correlations between
total adenylates and both salinity and miles from shore on Cruises
2 and 4. There was a significant negative correlation between energy
charge and miles from shore on Cruise 3. Miles from shore and salinity
were positively correlated on all cruises.
Since miles from shore was so highly correlated with some of the
variables, a multivariate partial correlation analysis was used to
eliminate its effect on the other variables. When the effect of
miles from shore was held constant, the significant correlation between
ATP and total adenylates was still present for all cruises (Tables 6-9).
Chlorophyll was significantly correlated only with total adenylates
and ATP on Cruise 1. Phaeopigments were significantly correlated with
total adenylates and ATP on Cruise 4. ATP and energy charge were
significantly correlated on Cruises 2 and 3.
Regression analysis also revealed a significant relationship
between several of the variables and distance from shore (Table 10).
Regressions were significant for surface chlorophyll on all cruises,
for below surface chlorophyl l on all but Cruise 1, for total adenylates
on Cruises 2 and 4 and for energy charge on Cruise 3. Analysis of
covariance showed that the slopes of the regression lines were
statistically the same on all cruises for phaeopigments and below
surface chlorophyll, meaning that the relationship with distance from
shore was the same on all cruises. There were differences between
cruises for surface chlorophyll, total adenylates, ATP and energy
44
charge. All slopes were negative except for energy charge on
Cruise 1 and for phaeopigments on Cruises 1, 3, and 4, so that both
correlation and regression analysis have shown that there was an
inverse relationship between distance from shore and concentrations
of chlorophyll a, total adenylates, ATP and energy charge ratios.
Analysis of variance showed that there was no difference with
depth in values of total adenylates, ATP, energy charge or
phaeopigments (Tables 23, 28, 34 and 20, respecitvely), so both
surface and below surface (>3m) observations were utilized in
analyses of these variables. There was a significant difference with
depth for chlorophyll (Table 11) and salinity (Table 52), so separate
analyses were carried out for surface and below surface observations.
Analysis of variance was used to determine whether there were
differences between cruises in concentrations of chlorophyll,
phaeopigments, total adenylates, ATP energy charge and salinity.
There were differences for each variable, although the groupings
of cruises were different for all variables but chlorophyll and
phaeopigments. For these two variables, cocentrations were significantly
higher for Cruise 1 than for the other three, which had statistically
equal concentrations of chlorophyll and phaeopigments (Tables 11 and
20). Total adenylates were higher on Cruise 3 than on the other
cruises (Table 23). ATP concentrations were higher on Cruise 3 than
on any of the others and lower on Cruise 1 than on the other three;
concentrations on Cruises 2 and 4 were the same (Table 28). Energy
charge values were higher on the last 2 cruises than on the first
two (Table 34). Salinities were highest on Cruise 2 and lowest on
Cruise 4. For all subsequent analyses of variance, cruise data was
grouped according to these results.
To further investigate the relationship between the variables
of interest and distance from shore, observations were grouped into
on-shore and off-shore by distance and salinity . The dividing points
were 20 miles and 33% salinity. Chlorophyl l , both a t the surface and
below, ATP, and total adenylates were significantly h i gher closer to
shore than off-shore (Tables 12, 13, 24 and 29, r e spectively).
Surface and below surface chlorophyll and total adenylates were
higher in lower salinity on-shore water than in of f-shore water
(Tables 14, 15 and 25, respectively). Phaeopigments a nd energy
charge were the same in on-shore and off-shore waters when divided
either by distance or by salinity (Tables 21, 22, 35 and 36). There
was no difference in ATP when observations were separated on the basis
of salinity (Table 30).
To determine whether there might be other break points other than
20 miles, observations were divided into groups ba s ed on distance
from shore using 10 mile increments out to 60 mi l es and combining
all observations taken further out than 60 mile s into the seventh
group. These analyses did not reveal any distant di v ision points
45
except perhaps for chlorophyll (Tables 16-19), but showed that
values for all variables but phaeopigments and energy charge tend
to be higher close to shore and gradually decrease as distance from
s hore increases, just as was shown by the regression analysis.
When salinity was analyzed for differences with distance from
shore, surface salinities inside 10 miles were significantly lower
than those further out. Another breakpoint in surface salinity was
found at 30 miles (Table 55). A distance of 20 miles from shore was
the most appropriate dividing point for below-surface salinities
(Table 56) .
The other variables (chlorophyll, phaeopigments, total adenylates,
ATP and energy charge) were analyzed according to salinity.
Phaeopigment was the only variable for which there were no differences
(Table 59). There was a strong relationship between surface chlorophyll
concentrations and salinity, with the highest concentrations occurring
at salinities of 33 °/oo and lower (Table 57). Lowest surface
chlorophyll concentrations occurred at salinities greater than
34 °/oo. More than 85% of the surface observations with salinities
of 34 °/oo or less occurred less than 20 miles from shore; 95 % of
them occurred less than 30 miles from shore. Below-surface chlorophyll
concentration was not so closely related to salinity (Table 58),
although lowest concentrations were found at the highest salinities .
The relationship between total adenylates and salinity was
different for Cruise 3 than for the other cruises (Tables 61 and 62).
ATP and energy charge showed little difference with increasing
salinities, although 36 °/oo was a significant break-point for
both variables.
Four transects--Cape Fear, Charleston, Wassaw and Sapelo--which
were sampled on each of the four cruises were analyzed for differences
in the variables from cruise to cruise. The only variables for which
there were differences between transects were below surface chlorophyll
a and total adenylates and ATP on Cruise 3 (Tables 40, 42 and 43,
respectively). ATP concentrations were higher in the two more
northern transects. In the case of both ATP and total adenylates,
concentrations were highest on the Charleston transect.
46
Explanation of symbols
For Analysis of Variance Tables 11, 20, 23, 18, 34, and 52.
1
2
3
4
=Cruise
=Cruise
=Cruise
=Cruise
1,
2,
3,
4,
R/V
R/V
R/V
R/V
Eastward, E-3-75, June 11-17, 1975
Eastward, E-15-75, Dec. 1-7, 1975
Advance II, Feb. 8-13, 1976
Advance II, June 7-11, 1976
For Analysis of Variance Tables 16-19, 26, 27, 31-33, 37, 38, 55, and 56.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
10. 1 miles from shore
10.1-20.0 miles from shore
20.1-30.0
30.1-40.0 II
40.1-50 . 0
50.1-60.0
60.0 miles from shore
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
II
For Analysis of Variance Tables 39-51.
CF
C
W
S
=
=
=
=
Cape Fear Transect
Charleston Transect
Wassaw Transect
Sapelo Transect
For Analysis of Variance Tables 57-64.
2
3
4
5
*
=
=
=
=
=
salinity~ 33 °/oo
salinity > 33 °;oo and~ 34 °/oo
34 °/oo < salinity ~ 35 °/oo
35 °/oo < salinity ~ 36 °/oo
salinity > 36 °/oo
= PR>F
** = PR>F
*** = PR>F
.05
.01
.001
47
Table 1. Summary of the Data.
VARIABLE
CRUISE
N
1
2
3
4
53
41
36
37
2.40
0.74
0. 63
0.84
2.92
0.68
0.59
1. 27
0.20
0.11
0.06
0.04
16.06
2.46
Ch 1orophyll A
Below Surface
1
2
3
4
79
41
22
6
3.83
0.54
0.58
0.22
4.80
0.62
0.53
0.08
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.09
29.72
3.09
2.07
0.31
Phaeopigments
1
2
3
4
135
83
63
43
0.36
0.04
0.16
- 0.06
1. 47
0.23
0.32
0.38
9.42
0.55
0.57
1.76
9.43
1. 79
1.81
0.70
Total Adenylates
1
2
3
4
26
68
56
31
0.81
0.75
1.16
0.83
0.67
0.42
0.75
0. 63
0.11
0.12
0.25
0.21
2.81
1.60
3.21
3.62
ATP
1
2
3
4
26
68
56
31
0.27
0.36
0.69
0.44
0.21
0.23
0. 42
0.31
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.12
0.81
1.26
1. 94
1.68
Energy Charge
1
2
3
4
26
68
56
31
0.61
0.65
0.73
0. 72
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.06
0.40
0.24
0.30
0.60
0.81
0.88
0.94
0.83
Salinity
1
2
3
4
126
83
59
44
34.67
35.19
34.47
33.40
1. 51
1. 32
2.02
1.87
25.82
31.16
27.50
26.00
36.48
36.44
36.50
35 . 50
Chlorophyll A
Surface
MEAN
STD. DEV.
MIN.
-
MAX.
2.92
5:80
Table 2.
Correlation Matrix, R/V Eastward, E-3-75, June 11-17, 1975.
Chl. A
Salinity
Salinity
1.00
Chlorophyll A
-0.35***
1.00
Phaeo.
Phaeopigments
0.08
0.03
Total Adenylates
0.12
0.51**
-0 .01
ATP
0.06
0.48*
0.03
Energy Charge
Miles from Shore
Table 3.
-0.09
0.36***
Tot . Ad.
ATP
E. Charge
Miles
1. 00
1.00
0.81***
1. 00
-0.08
0. 18
-0.24
0.09
1.00
-0.62***
0.03
-0 . 21
-0.23
0.01
1. 00
Correlation Matrix, R/V Eastward, E-15-75, Dec. 1-7' 1975 .
.1:(X)
Chl. A
Sa 1i nity
Salinity
1. 00
Ch 1orophy 11 A
-0. 71***
1.00
Phaeopigments
0.02
-0.04
Phaeo.
Tot. Ad.
ATP
E. Charge
1.00
Total Adenylates
-0.50***
0.60***
-0.10
1. 00
ATP
-0. 46***
0.49***
-0.03
0.89***
1. 00
Energy Charge
-0.15
0.07
0.13
0.26*
0.60***
1.00
-0.04
-0.63***
-0.59***
-0.20
Miles from Shore
a. 70***
-0.62***
Miles
1.00
Table 4.
Correlation Matrix, Advance II, Feb. 8-13, 1976.
Chl. A
Salinity
Sa 1i nity
1. 00
Ch 1orophyll A
-0 . 43**
1.00
Phaeopigments
0.07
-0.02
1.00
Total Adenylates
0.02
0.16
0.23
1.00
ATP
-0.10
0.28*
0.19
0.79***
1. 00
Energy Charge
-0 . 24
0.25
0.07
0. 05
0.52***
0.74
-0 . 29*
0.15
-0.04
Miles from Shore
Phaeo.
Tot. Ad .
ATP
-0.30*
E. Charge
Miles
1.00
-0.48***
1. 00
~
\0
Table 5.
Correlation Matrix, Advance II, June 7-11, 1976.
Salinity
Ch 1orophy 11
A
Phaeopigments
Sa 1i nity
1. 00
Chl. A
-0.66***
1. 00
0.09
-0.42**
Phaeo.
Tot. Ad .
ATP
-0.68***
0.59***
0.19
1.00
ATP
-0 . 70***
0.57***
0.19
0.97***
1.00
Energy Charge
-0.32
0.12
0.04
0.24
0.65***
-0.62***
Miles
1. 00
Total Adenylates
Miles from Shore
E. Charge
-0.04
0.17
-0.65***
-0.69***
1.00
-0.29
1. 00
50
Table 6.
Partial Correlation Matrix, Cruise 1.
held constant)
Chl. A
Phaeo.
(effect of miles from shore
Tot. Ad.
Chlorophyll A
1.00
Phaeopigments
0.07
Total Adenyl ates
0.44*
-0.06
l. 00
ATP
0.39
-0.01
0.76***
-0.08
0.18
Energy Charge
Table 7.
Phaeo.
-0.21
1.00
0.15
Tot. Ad.
ATP
1. 00
Phaeopigments
-0.08
1. 00
Total Adenylates
0.18
-0.22
1. 00
ATP
0.03
-0.11
0.81***
1. 00
-0.12
0.12
0.19
0.43***
Table 8.
Partial Correlation Matrix, Cruise 3.
held constant)
Chl. A
Phaeo.
1. 00
(effect of miles from shore
Ch 1orophyll A
Energy Charge
E. Charge
1. 00
Partial Correlation Matrix, Cruise 2.
held constant)
Chl. A
ATP
E. Charge
1. 00
(effect of miles from shore
Tot. Ad.
Chlorophyll A
1. 00
Phaeopigments
-0.02
1.00
Total Adenylates
0.09
0.27
1. 00
ATP
0.15
0.23
0.79***
Energy Charge
0.11
0.01
-0.02
ATP
E. Charge
1.00
0.31*
1.00
51
Table 9.
Partial Correlation Matrix, Cruise 4.
held constant)
Chlorophyll A
Phaeopigments
Chl. A
1.00
Phaeo.
(effect of miles from shore
Tot. Ad.
-0.28
1. 00
Total Adenylates
0.31
0.40*
1. 00
ATP
0.24
0.42*
0.96***
-0.09
0.01
Energy Charge
-0.20
ATP
E. Charge
1.00
0.05
1.00
52
Table 10.
Regression against miles from shore.
Variable
R2
Cruise
Slope
Intercept
Chlorophyll A, Surface
1
2
3
4
-0.030
-0.024
-0.017
-0.058
1. 247
0.065
-0.358
0.285
42.28***
35.27***
6.51*
21.12***
0.453
0.475
0.161
0.376
Chlorophyll A, Below Surface
1
2
3
4
-0.031
-0.026
-0.006
-0.032
1. 767
-0 .032
-0.759
-0.552
48 . 00***
15 . 45***
0.29
8.56*
0.384
0.284
0.015
0 . 681
Phaeopigments
1
2
3
4
0.002
-0.0003
0.002
0.005
0.292
0.052
0.085
-0.172
Total Adenylates
1
2
3
4
-0.005
-0.018
-0.001
-0.026
-0.311
0. 079
-0.019
0.226
1. 08
42.74***
0.10
21 . 56***
0.043
0.393
0.002
0.426
ATP
1
2
3
4
-0.007
-0.023
-0.011
-0.027
-1.425
-0.612
-0.267
-0.353
1. 39
35.97***
5.27*
25.85***
0.055
0.353
0.089
0.471
Energy Charge
1
2
3
4
0.000
-0.002
-0.005
-0.002
-0.506
-0.385
-0.187
-0.292
0.00
2.82
16.58***
2.67
0.000
0.041
0.235
0.084
F
0.16
0.11
1.40
1. 26
0.001
0.001
0.022
0.030
53
Table 11.
Source
Cruise
Depth
Interaction
Error
Source
Cruise
Error
Source
Depth
Error
Table 12.
Source
Cruise
Distance
Interaction
Error
Table 13.
Source
Cruise
Distance
Interaction
Error
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Cruise x Depth.
Partial SS
149.13
1. 73
11.19
378.30
df
F
3
1
3
307
40.34***
1. 41
3.03*
ss
df
F
3
167 . 93
389.56
311
ss
df
8.14
549.35
Mult. Range Test
44.69***
1 2 3 4
F
1
4.64*
313
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Surface, Distance x Cruise
(on-shore <20 miles< off-shore)
Partial SS
54.63
55.92
0.68
123.03
df
1
1
1
163
F
72.39***
74.09***
0.91
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Below Surface, Distance x Cruise .
(on-shore< 20 miles< off-shore)
Partial SS
82.48
53.89
0.67
140.66
df
1
1
1
144
F
84.44***
55.17***
0.69
54
Table 14.
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Surface, Salinity x Cruise.
(on-shore< 33%,< off-shore)
Source
Partial SS
df
Cruise
Salinity
Interaction
Error
41.37
29.16
0.30
145.76
1
1
1
163
Table 15.
Partial SS
Cruise
Salinity
Interaction
Error
73.59
15.08
0.19
183.48
Source
Distance
Error
Table 17.
Source
Distance
Error
46.27***
32.60***
0.34
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Below Surface, Salinity x Cruise.
(on-shore <33%.. <off-shore)
Source
Table 16.
F
df
F
1
1
1
144
57.76***
11.83***
0.15
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Surface, Distance in 10 mile
increments, Cruise 1.
ss
35.997
24.946
df
F
6
Mult. Range Test
11.06***
46
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Below surface, distance in 10 mile
increments, Cruise 1.
ss
df
60.801
62.207
107
F
6
Mult. Range Test
11.73***
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
55
Table 18.
Source
Distance
Error
Table 19.
Source
Distance
Error
Table 20.
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Surface, Distance in 10 mile
increments, Cruises 2, 3, and 4.
ss
df
43.412
79.927
107
ss
28.412
47.672
Cruise
Depth
Interaction
Error
3.93
0.63
1. 96
185.97
Partial SS
Cruise
Distance
Interaction
Error
5.96
0.16
0.08
190.33
Cruise
Salinity
Interaction
Error
1 2 3 5 6 4 7
df
F
6
62
10
Mul t. Range Test
6.16***
1 2 5 4 3 7 6
df
F
3
1
3
352
Mul t. Range Test
2.48*
1.19
1. 24
1 3 2 4
Analysis of Variance, Phaeopigments, Distance x Cruise
{on-shore <20 miles< off-shore}
Source
Source
9.69***
Analysis of Variance, Phaeopigments, Cruise x Depth.
Partial SS
Table 22.
6
Mult. Range Test
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Below Surface, Distance in
mile increments, Cruises 2, 3, and 4.
Source
Table 21.
F
df
F
1
1
1
356
11. 15***
0.30
0.15
Analysis of Variance, Phaeopigments, Salinity x Cruise
{on-shore< 33%, <off-shore}
Partial SS
df
F
3.54
1. 02
0.64
1
1
1
189. 11
356
6.66*
1. 91
1. 21
56
Table 23.
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Cruise x Depth.
Source
Partial SS
Cruise
Depth
Interaction
Error
3.00
0.06
0.41
78.73
Table 24.
Partial SS
Cruise
Distance
Interaction
Error
3.63
4.69
3.47
65.93
Source
ss
Table 25.
9.454
75.932
3
1
2
174
df
1
1
1
177
df
1
179
2.31
1.00
1.77
75.17
177
Source
ss
df
2.66
82.73
1
179
Distance
Error
x
Distance
9.76**
12.58***
9.30**
22.29***
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Cruise x Salinity
(on-shore< 33%. . <off-shore)
Cruise
Salinity
Interaction
Error
Source
3 4 2 1
F
Partial SS
Table 26.
2. 21*
0.13
0.46
F
Source
Sa 1 i nity
Error
Mult. Range Test
F
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Cruise
(on-shore< 20 miles< off-shore)
Source
Distance
Error
df
df
F
1
1
1
5.44*
2.36
4.17*
F
5.75*
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Distance in 10 mile increments,
Cruise 3.
ss
3.607
21.178
df
6
49
F
1. 39
57
Table 27 .
Source
Distance
Error
Table 28 .
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Distance in 10 mile increments,
Cruises 1, 2, and 4.
ss
df
20.887
33.960
118
Partial SS
Cruise
Depth
Interaction
Error
14.62
0.05
0.41
118 . 83
Partial SS
Cruise
Distance
Interaction
Error
14 . 18
13.65
3.85
99 . 58
Partial SS
Cruise
Salinity
Interaction
Error
11.46
2.33
3.46
113.04
Source
Distance
Error
1 2 3 6 4 7 5
df
F
3
1
2
174
Mul t. Range Test
7. 14***
0.79
0. 74
3 42 -1
-
df
F
2
1
2
12.46***
23.99***
3.38
175
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Cruise x Salinity (on-shore< 33%... <off-shore)
Source
Table 31.
12.10***
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Cruise x Distance (on-shore< 20 miles< off-shore)
Source
Table 30.
6
Mult. Range Test#
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Cruise x Depth.
Source
Table 29.
F
df
F
2
1
2
175
8. 87***
3.61
2. 68
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Distance in 10 mile increments, Cruise 3.
ss
7.589
26.364
df
F
6
49
Mult. Range Test
2.35
5 4 1 2 3 6 7
58
Table 32.
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Distance in 10 mile increments, Cruises 2
and 4.
ss
Source
Distance
Error
Table 33.
Source
Distance
Error
Table 34 .
Source
Cruise
Depth
Interaction
Error
Table 35.
Source
Cruise
Distance
Interaction
Error
Table 36.
Source
Cruise
Salinity
Interaction
Error
30.875
33.337
Analysis of
~ariance,
ss
6.99
16.170
df
F
6
92
Mul t. Range Test
14.20***
1 2 3 4 6 7 5
ATP, Distance in 10 mile increments, Cruise 1.
df
F
4
21
2.27
Analysis of Variance, Energy Charge, Cruise x Depth.
Partial SS
0.293
0.002
0.005
2.217
df
F
3
1
2
174
Mult. Range Test
7.67***
0.18
0.82
3 4 2 1
-
Analysis of Variance, Energy Charge, Cruise x Distance
(on- shore <20 miles< off- shore)
Partial SS
0.300
0.040
0.0004
2.210
df
F
1
1
1
177
23.83***
3.56
0.03
Analysis of Variance, Energy Charge, Cruise x Salinity
(on- shore< 33% < off-share)
Partial SS
0.223
0.042
0.002
2.217
df
F
1
1
1
177
17 .83***
3.37
0.16
59
Table 37.
Analysis of Variance, Energy Charge, Distance in 10 mile increments,
Cruises 3 and 4.
ss
Source
Distance
Error
0.824
1. 670
Table 38.
F
6
80
Mult. Range Test
6.58***
3 1 2 4 5 6 7
Analysis of Variance, Energy Charge, Distance in 10 mile increments,
Cruises 1 and 2.
ss
Source
Distance
Error
Table 39.
df
0.827
3.393
df
6
87
F
Mult. Range Test
3. 54**
2 1 34 6 7 5
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Surface, Cruise x Transect.
Source
Cruise
Transect
Interaction
Error
Table 40.
Source
Cruise
Transect
Interaction
Error
Partial SS
19.741
3.969
1.149
78.145
df
1
3
3
84
F
21.22***
1. 42
0.41
Analysis of Variance, Chlorophyll A, Below Surface, Cruise x Transect.
Parti a 1 SS
31.220
11.929
2.478
59 . 016
df
1
3
3
64
F
Mult. Range Test
33.86***
4.31
0.89
C S WCF
Table 41. Analysis of Variance, Phaeopigments, Cruise x Transect.
Source
Partial SS
Cruise
Transect
Interaction
Error
8.243
8.984
6.299
104.909
df
1
3
3
179
F
14.06***
5.11*
3.58*
60
Table 42.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 43.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 44.
Source
Cruise
Transect
Interaction
Error
Table 45.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 46.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 47.
Source
Cruise
Transect
Interaction
Error
Analysis of Variance, Phaeopigments, Cruise 1, Cruise x Transect.
ss
df
11.403
99.464
F
3
57
2.18
Analysis of Variance, Phaeopigments, Cruises 2, 3, and 4. Cruise x
Transect.
ss
df
0.216
5.446
3
122
F
1. 61
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Cruise x Transect.
Partial
ss
3.401
1.584
6.981
44.913
df
F
1
3
3
109
8.25**
1. 28
5.65*
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Cruise 3, Cruise x Transect .
ss
df
4.859
13.328
F
3
33
Mul t. Range Test
4.01*
C CF WS
Analysis of Variance, Total Adenylates, Cruises 1, 2, and 4,
Cruise x Transect.
ss
df
3.157
31. 585
F
3
76
2.53
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Cruise x Transect.
Partial
ss
17.427
0.506
12.455
50.246
df
F
2
3
6
105
18.2i***
0.35
4.34***
61
Table 48.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 49.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 50.
Source
Transect
Error
Table 51.
Source
Cruise
Transect
Interaction
Error
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Cruise 3, Cruise x Transect.
ss
10.355
14.626
df
3
33
F
Mul t. Range Test
7.79***
C CF
W-S
--
Analysis of Variance, ATP, Cruises 2 and 4. Cruise x Transect.
ss
1.902
24.624
df
3
59
F
1. 52
Analysis of Variance ATP, Cruise 1, Cruise x Transect.
ss
1.386
10.996
df
3
13
F
0.55
Analysis of Variance, Energy Charge, Cruise x Transect.
Partial SS
0.418
0.070
0.014
2.847
df
1
3
3
109
F
16.02***
0.89
0.18
62
52.
Salinity
CRUISE X DEPTH
Source
Cruise
Depth
Cruise X Depth
Error
ss
df
23.06
57.35
16.71
753.03
3
1
3
304
2
53.
Salinity, Surface
CRUISE X DIST
Source
Cruise
Dist
Cruise X Dist
Error
54 . S:llini ty, Below Surface
Source
Cruise
Dist
Cruise X Dist
Error
ss
43.86
164.46
2.88
304.45
8.53
48.38
0.01
206.76
3.10 *
23.15 ***
2.25
1
3
4
(20 >MILES > )
df
2
1
2
155
CRUISE X DIST
ss
F
df
2
1
1
146
F
3.01 *
83.73 ***
0.73
(20 >MILES >20)
F
3.01 *
34.16 ***
0.01
63
55.
Salinity, Surface
Source
Cruise
Distance
Cruise x Distance
Error
Cruise x Distance (10 mile incre}
ss
25.59
167.40
11.03
227.03
df
2
6
11
141
F
7.95 ***
17.35 ***
0.62
27 6 5 4 3 l
56 .
Salinity, Below Surface
Source
Cru1.se
Distance
Cruise x Distance
Error
Cruise
X
ss
4.31
59.23
2.10
193.48
Distance
df
2
6
8
134
F
1. 49
6.84 ***
0.18
6 7 4 5 3 2 1
57.
Chlorophyll A, Surface
Source
Cruise
Water
Cruise
Error
Cruise x Salinity
ss
X
Salinity
42.18
40.46
3.84
130.43
df
1
4
4
157
1
F
50.78 ***
12.18 ***
1.16
2
3 4 5
64
58.
Chlorophyll A, Below Surface
CRUISE
ss
Source
ss
9.23
Cruise
Water
1.90
Cruise X Salinity2.87
184.38
Error
Total Adenylates
ss
6.94
Cruise
3.15
Water
Cruise X Salinity 7. 62
63.43
Error
Total Adenylates, Cruise 3
Source
Sa l inity
Error
3
2
4
5
df
F
17.52 ***
0.90
1. 36
1
4
4
350
CRUISE X SALIN I TY
Source
61.
61.92 ***
10.04 ***
0.94
CRUISE X SALI NIT Y
Source
60.
F
1
4
4
1
Phaeopigments
SALINITY
df
Cruise
67.57
Water
43.81
Cruise X Sali n ity 4.12
Error
150.61
59.
X
df
F
4.68 **
8.48 **
5.14 ***
4
1
4
171
X
SALINITY
ss
df
5.67
19.11
F
3 .79 **
4
51
4
1
5
2
3
65
62.
Total Adenylates
Source
Salinity
Error
Cruises 1, 2 and 4
ss
10.53
44.32
df
4
120
F
7.13 ***
1 2 3 4 5
63 .
ATP
Cruise x Salinity
Source
Cru1se
Salinity
Cruise x Salinity
Error
ss
df
17.36
18.71
7.72
90.11
4
2
8
F
8.00 ***
17.23 ***
1. 78
166
1 3 4 2 5
6 4.
Energy Charge
Source
Cru1se
Salinity
Cruise x Salinity
Error
Cruise
X
ss
0.55
1. 09
0.14
5.55
Salini_ty
df
1
4
4
171
3 1 4 2 5
F
16.85 ***
8.42 ***
1.09