3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Objectives:
• Identify polynomial funtions and their degree.
•
Find polynomial functions from their zeros.
• Identify the zeros of a polynomial function and their multiplicity.
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011
Warmup :
What is the domain?
The domain is the set of all real numbers.
What is the degree?
The degree is the largest power of x that appears.
March 04, 2011
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Objectives:
•
Find polynomial functions from their zeros.
• Identify the zeros of a polynomial function and their multiplicity.
4
3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Determine which of the following are polynomial functions. For those that are, state the degree; for those that are not, tell why not.
1. f(x) = 7x
2
+ 3x
4
Yes, degree 4
2.
f(x) = 3x
2
(4x 1) Yes, degree 3
3.
f(x) = √ x + 8
4.
f(x) = 4x
2
(x + 3)
3
5.
f(x) = x
2
+ 3 x
3
5
No, x is raised to the
1
/
2
power.
Yes, degree 5
No, the degree in the denominator is +3
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Objectives:
• Identify polynomial funtions and their degree.
• Identify the zeros of a polynomial function and their multiplicity.
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
EXAMPLE 1:
Find a polynomial of degree 3 whose zeros are 4, 2 and 3
*If 4 is a zero of a polynomial, then x + 4 is a factor of that polynomial.
*If 2 and 3 are zeros, then x 2 and x 3 are also factors.
*Therefore, this polynomial function is of the form f(x) = a(x + 4)(x 2)(x 3) where a is any nonzero real number.
*The value of a causes a stretch, compression or reflection but does not affect the xintercepts so we say...
f(x) = (x + 4)(x 2)(x 3) for a = 1
*Remember to simplify: f(x) = x
3
x
2
14x + 24 for a = 1
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
EXAMPLE 2:
Find a polynomial of degree 3 whose zeros are 3 multiplicity 2 and 5 multiplicity 1
*Multiplicity describes the number of times the factor occurs f(x) = a(x + 3) 2 (x 5) f(x) = x 3 + x 2 21x 45 for a = 1
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Objectives:
• Identify polynomial funtions and their degree.
• Find polynomial functions from their zeros.
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Identify the zeros and their multiplicities.
1.
f(x) = 3(x 2)(x + 1)
3
2 multiplicity 1
1 multiplicity 3
2.
f(x) = 4(x +
1
/
2
)
2
(x 5)
3
1
/
2
multiplicity 2
5 multiplicity 3
3.
f(x) = (x √ 2)
2
(x 4)
4
√ 2 multiplicity 2
4 multiplicity 4
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Multiplicity:
Even graph touches xaxis at the zero
*Sign of f(x) does not change from one side of the zero to the other side of the zero.
Odd graph crosses xaxis at the zero
*Sign of f(x) changes from one side of the zero to the other side of the zero.
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Determine whether the graph crosses or touches the xaxis at each xintercept.
1.
f(x) = 3(x 2)(x + 1)
3 crosses at 1 & 2
2.
f(x) = 4(x +
1
/
2
)
2
(x 5)
3 touches at
1
/
2
& crosses at 5
3.
f(x) = (x √ 2)
2
(x 4)
4 touches at √ 2 & 4
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Power Function:
The power function of degree n is a function of the form f(x) = ax n where a is a real number, a ≠ 0, and n > 0 is an integer.
Examples: f(x) = 3x degree 1 f(x) = 5x
2 degree 2 f(x) = 8x
3 f(x) = 5x
4 degree 3 degree 4
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
Find the power function that the graph of f resembles for large values of |x|.
1.
f(x) = 3(x 2)(x + 1)
3 f(x) = 3x
4
2.
f(x) = 4(x +
1
/
2
)
2
(x 5)
3 f(x) = 4x
5
3.
f(x) = (x √ 2)
2
(x 4)
4 f(x) = x
6
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3.2 Polynomial Functions & Models 2011 March 04, 2011
(12 22 even, 38 44 even, 46 56 even)
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