Work Report Submitted to GEM Project Coordinator, Dr. Michael H. Blanco Project title The evaluation of GEM materials in China, 2013
By Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) And its Collaboration network Feb, 2014 The GEM project provides an opportunity to expand the base of genetic resources of
maize, especially for the temperate regions of the world. To meet the demand of maize
breeding, characterization and evaluation of the GEM materials for important traits at
different locations are prerequisite for efficient utilization. As part of activities of the
GEM project, the Institute of Crop Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
(CAAS) implemented several field experiments in China in 2013 with the following
objectives:
(1) To provide the general observations and test adaptabilities of GEM breeding
materials under diverse environments in China to
evaluate their potentials in
germplasm enhancement and breeding.
(2) To evaluate GEM materials for important traits as follows:
 Resistance to head smut (Sporisorium reilianum (Kühn) Langad)
 Resistance to common smut (Ustilago zeae (Beckm.) Unger)
 Resistance to maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV)
 Resistance to stalk rot (Fusarium & Pythium spp..)
 Resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB)
 Nitrogen use efficiency
 Drought tolerance under medium drought stress conditionsspp.
1. Materials and Experimental design Materials Totally 213 breeding crosses and inbred lines (including 47 retesting entries) were
included in the 2013 field experiments (Table 1). These materials, plus the local CKs,
were used in the evaluation for different purposes at different ecological areas.
1
Table 1. Materials from GEM Project and their evaluation purposes in 2013
Entry
Inventory
Pedigree
Type
General
GEM Code
Obs
MRDV
Head smut
Common
Low
Smut
Nitrogen
Drought
Fusa
Northern
rium &
leaf
Pythium Ob
blight
1 03GEM80021 DKXL370:N11a20 Breeding Cross
X 2 04GEM80022 DKXL370:N11a14 Breeding Cross
X 3 04GEM80030 GUAD05:N0614 Breeding Cross
X 4 07GEM80031 CUBA164:T26bS41 Breeding Cross
X 5 07GEM80033 PASCO14:N04 Breeding Cross
X 6 07GEM80035 BR106:S99e99j Breeding Cross
X 7 07GEM80042 BR106:N99v99v Breeding Cross
X 8 07GEM80043 CUBA164:N99v99v Breeding Cross
X 9 08GEM80043 BR105:S1641 Breeding Cross
X X 10 08GEM80044 SANM126:N1241 Breeding Cross
X X 11 08GEM80095 MBRC10:N1730 Breeding Cross
X 12 08GEM80097 CML325:S1840 Breeding Cross
X 13 08GEM80102 CH05027:F44N46 Breeding Cross
X 14 08GEM80104 CML329:N1546 Breeding Cross
X 15 08GEM80115 BR105:N99ae99ai Breeding Cross
X X X X X (UR13085:N0215‐002‐001‐B‐B‐B/AR1
7056:N2025 Select # 16 09GEM00165 10‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B)‐B Breeding Cross
17 09GEM08553 (MFNS2/GEMN‐0133)‐SIB Breeding Cross
X 18 09GEM08555 (MFNS2/GEMN‐0128)‐SIB Breeding Cross
X 19 09GEM80059 MDI022:N99d99z Breeding Cross
20 10GEM80001 CUBA164:S99az Breeding Cross
2
X X X X X 21 10GEM80069 TZAR102:S99az Breeding Cross
X 22 10GEM80082 SX1078:N99ba Breeding Cross
X 23 10GEM80091 Ki21:S99al99y Breeding Cross
24 10GEM80110 PASCO14:S212603 Breeding Cross
X X X 25 10GEM80111 FS8A(S):S092603 Breeding Cross
X X 26 10GEM80113 BR51403:S0243 Breeding Cross
X X 27 11GEM00704 (KO679Y/GEMS‐0115)/GEMS‐0162 Breeding Cross
28 12GEM03390 (GEMS‐0003/GEMS‐0016)‐B Breeding Cross
X 12GEM03391 ‐B)‐B Breeding Cross
12GEM03393 ‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B)/GEMS‐0016)‐B X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ((KO679Y/CUBA117:S15‐101‐001‐B‐B
30 X (GEMS‐0016/NEI9004:S2809‐B‐061‐B
29 Breeding Cross
X ((794/KO679Y)/NEI9004:S2809‐B‐061
31 12GEM03394 ‐B‐B)‐B Breeding Cross
32 12GEM03395 ((PHK76/KO679Y)/GEMN‐0205)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 33 12GEM03396 ((LH61/KO679Y)/GEMN‐0205)‐B Breeding Cross
X 34 12GEM03397 ((LH82/KO679Y)/GEMN‐0205)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 35 12GEM03398 (GEMS‐0100/GEMS‐0016)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X (NEI9004:S2809‐B‐061‐B‐B/GEMS‐00
36 12GEM03399 03)‐B Breeding Cross
37 12GEM03400 (GEMN‐0192/GEMN‐0152)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 38 12GEM03401 (GEMN‐0205/GEMN‐0152)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 39 12GEM03402 (GEMS‐0100/GEMS‐0003)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 40 12GEM03403 (GEMS‐0188/GEMN‐0152)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 41 12GEM03404 (GEMS‐0219/GEMN‐0152)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 42 12GEM03964 (NKS8326/NC296)/GEMN‐0097 Breeding Cross
X 3
43 12GEM03965 (NKS8326/CML373)/GEMN‐0097 Breeding Cross
X 44 12GEM03967 (NKS8326/CML343)/GEMN‐0099 Breeding Cross
X 45 12GEM03968 (LH57/CML373)/GEMN‐0155 Breeding Cross
X 46 12GEM03969 (LH61/CML373)/GEMN‐0155 Breeding Cross
X 47 12GEM03970 (NKS8326/NC296)/GEMN‐0178 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 48 12GEM03972 (NKS8326/CML343)/GEMN‐0192 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 49 12GEM03973 (LH57/CML373)/GEMN‐0205 Breeding Cross
X 50 12GEM03974 (LH61/CML373)/GEMN‐0205 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 51 12GEM03975 (NKS8326/CML373)/GEMN‐0205 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 52 12GEM03976 (NKS8326/NC296)/GEMN‐0221 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X (GEMN‐0196/GEMN‐0205)/ANTIG03:
53 12GEM03979 N1242‐B‐007‐B Breeding Cross
54 12GEM03981 (CML343/DK4676A)/GEMS‐0147 Breeding Cross
X 55 12GEM03983 (PHB47/CML373)/GEMS‐0147 Breeding Cross
X 56 12GEM03985 (TZI8/DJ7)/GEMS‐0147 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 57 12GEM03987 (TZI8/DJ7)/GEMS‐0149 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 58 12GEM03989 (PHB47/89291)/GEMS‐0149 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 59 12GEM03990 (PHB47/CML343)/GEMS‐0149 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 60 12GEM03992 (PHB47/CML373)/GEMS‐0162 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 61 12GEM03993 (DJ7/CML373)/GEMS‐0162 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 62 12GEM03994 (PHB47/NC296)/GEMS‐0163 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 63 12GEM03995 (PHB47/89291)/GEMS‐0163 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 64 12GEM03996 (PHB47/CML343)/GEMS‐0219 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 65 12GEM03997 (NS701/CML343)/GEMS‐0219 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 66 12GEM04470 ((26e/GEMN‐0097)‐SIB‐SIB)/46 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 67 12GEM09087 (GEMS‐0002/CUBA117:S15‐101‐001‐
Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 4
B‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B)‐B X (GEMS‐0030/CUBA117:S15‐101‐001‐
68 12GEM09088 B‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B‐B)‐B Breeding Cross
69 12GEM09089 (GEMS‐0126/GEMS‐0002)‐B Breeding Cross
70 12GEM09090 (LH181 /GEMN‐0221)‐B Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X (GEMN‐0152/ANTIG03:N1242‐B‐007‐
71 12GEM09129 B)‐SIB Breeding Cross
72 12GEM09130 ((NS701/CML343)/GEMS‐0147)‐SIB Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 73 12GEM09132 ((PHB47/NC296)/GEMS‐0149)‐SIB Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 74 12GEM80002 NC354:S99y42 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 75 12GEM80011 ATL100:N99bb99br Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 76 12GEM80012 BR105:N99bb99bp Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 77 12GEM80013 BR105:N99bb99z Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 78 12GEM80014 BR106:N4299bq Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 79 12GEM80022 BR51039:S99au99aa Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 80 12GEM80028 CML287:N99ai99bq Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 81 12GEM80031 CML373:S99bd99ah Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 82 12GEM80033 CUBA164:S99az99aa Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 83 12GEM80034 CUBA164:S99az99ah Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 84 12GEM80036 DKXL380:S08b99aq Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 85 12GEM80039 PUER5:S99au99aa Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 86 12GEM80042 SX1078:N99bb99z Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 87 12GEM80043 SX2788:N99ba99br Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 88 12GEM80044 SX2788:N99ba99z Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 89 12GEM80046 TZAR104:N99bb99br Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 90 12GEM80049 BR106:N99z46 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 5
91 12GEM80056 CML287:N99ai42 Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 92 12GEM80058 ATL100:N99ba99z Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 93 12GEM80061 BR106:S4299bl Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 94 12GEM80062 BR44083:N99bc99bq Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 95 12GEM80064 BR51039:S99bd99bs Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 96 12GEM80065 BR51721:S2099aq Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 97 12GEM80066 BR51721:S2099bl Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 98 12GEM80067 DKXL380:S08b99ah Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 99 12GEM80071 CML373:S99az99bs Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 100 12GEM80072 PUER5:N99bb99z Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 101 12GEM80073 PUER5:S99au99bs Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 102 12GEM80074 TZAR104:S99bd99ah Breeding Cross
X X X X X X X X 103 03GEM00110 CH05015:N12‐183‐001‐B‐B‐B‐B Inbred GEMN‐0070
X 104 03GEM00111 CH05015:N15‐003‐001‐B‐B‐B‐B Inbred GEMN‐0071
X X 105 03GEM00126 CUBA164:S1517‐241‐002‐B‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0075
X X 106 04GEM00776 DKXL370:N11a20‐234‐002‐B‐B‐B‐Sib Inbred GEMN‐0095
X X 107 07GEM02948 MDI022:N2120‐333‐001‐B‐B‐B‐B Inbred GEMN‐0145
X X 108 07GEM02951 NEI9004:S2818‐025‐001‐B‐B‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0147
X X 109 08GEM05052 GUAT209:S1308a‐084‐001‐B‐B‐SIB‐B Inbred GEMS‐0182
X X X 110 08GEM05053 GUAT209:S1308a‐104‐001‐B‐B‐SIB‐B Inbred GEMS‐0183
X X X 111 09GEM07815 ANTIG03:N1218‐056‐001‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMN‐0187
X X X 112 09GEM07816 DKXL212:S0912‐012‐001 Inbred GEMS‐0188
X 113 09GEM07817 DKXL212:S0912‐117‐001 Inbred GEMS‐0189
X 114 09GEM07818 PASCO14:N0424‐078‐001 Inbred GEMN‐0190
X 115 10GEM06839 AR16021:S0908a‐039‐001 Inbred GEMS‐0199
X X X 116 10GEM06840 BR105:S1612‐008‐001 Inbred GEMS‐0200
X X X 6
X X X X 117 10GEM06842 BR105:S1640‐128‐001 Inbred GEMS‐0202
X 118 10GEM06844 FS8A(T):N1804‐006‐001 Inbred GEMN‐0204
X 119 10GEM06845 GUAD05:N3215‐197‐001 Inbred GEMN‐0205
X 120 10GEM06846 AR16035:S02‐615‐001‐B wx Inbred GEMS‐0206
X X X X X X X X (CUBA164:S2012‐459‐001‐B/GEMS‐0
121 11GEM06358 002)‐B‐B‐011‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMS‐0218
X 122 11GEM06361 BR105:N1641‐159‐001‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMN‐0221
X X 123 12GEM03032 NEI9004:S2817c‐047‐001‐B Inbred X 124 12GEM03033 NEI9004:S2817c‐048‐001‐B Inbred X 125 12GEM03036 NEI9004:S2817c‐124‐001‐B Inbred X 126 12GEM03038 AR16021:S3115‐B‐017‐B Inbred X 127 12GEM03039 AR16021:S3115‐B‐026‐B Inbred X 128 12GEM03042 AR16042:S2028‐B‐031‐B Inbred X 129 12GEM03044 AR16042:S2030‐B‐022‐B Inbred X 130 12GEM03045 AR16042:S2030‐B‐057‐B Inbred X 131 12GEM03046 BS20(S)C2:S99u‐B‐019‐B Inbred X 132 12GEM03047 BS20(S)C2:S99u‐B‐060‐B Inbred X 133 12GEM03049 DKXL212:S0928‐B‐002‐B Inbred X 134 12GEM03051 DKXL212:S0928‐B‐028‐B Inbred X 135 12GEM03053 DKXL212:S0928‐B‐040‐B Inbred X 136 12GEM03057 (GEMN‐0111/GEMN‐0140)‐B‐B‐049‐B
Inbred X 137 12GEM03060 (GEMS‐0002/GEMS‐0003)‐B‐B‐062‐B Inbred X 138 12GEM03068 SCROGP3:N3215‐B‐007‐B Inbred X 139 12GEM03069 SCROGP3:N3215‐B‐013‐B Inbred X 140 12GEM03071 SCROGP3:N3215‐B‐036‐B Inbred X 141 12GEM03074 UR05017:S0414‐B‐042‐B Inbred X 7
142 12GEM03078 CL‐00331:N1834‐B‐035‐B Inbred X 143 12GEM03079 CL‐00331:N1834‐B‐052‐B Inbred X 144 12GEM03082 AR16062:S99n‐B‐049‐B Inbred X 145 12GEM03083 AR16062:S99n‐B‐065‐B Inbred X 146 12GEM03084 BR105:N1646‐B‐002‐B Inbred X 147 12GEM03085 BR105:N1646‐B‐023‐B Inbred X 148 12GEM03087 BR105:N1646‐B‐070‐B Inbred X 149 12GEM03088 NEI9004:N0803‐B‐006‐B Inbred X 150 12GEM03091 NEI9004:N0803‐B‐039‐B Inbred X 151 12GEM03094 NEI9004:N0803‐B‐053‐B Inbred X 152 12GEM03096 NEI9004:N0803‐B‐066‐B Inbred X 153 12GEM03097 CL‐G1703:S17c43‐B‐012‐B Inbred X 154 12GEM03099 CL‐G1703:S17c43‐B‐023‐B Inbred X 155 12GEM03100 CL‐G1703:S17c43‐B‐026‐B Inbred X 156 12GEM03101 CL‐G1703:S17c43‐B‐039‐B Inbred X 157 12GEM03103 AR01150:N0402‐B‐001‐B Inbred X 158 12GEM03104 AR01150:N0402‐B‐004‐B Inbred X 159 12GEM03105 AR01150:N0402‐B‐026‐B Inbred X 160 12GEM03106 AR01150:N0402‐B‐035‐B Inbred X 161 12GEM03108 AR03056:N0902a‐B‐002‐B Inbred X 162 12GEM03111 UR11003:S17h02‐B‐017‐B Inbred X 163 12GEM03112 UR11003:S17h02‐B‐037‐B Inbred X 164 12GEM03125 AR03056:N0902‐048‐001‐B Inbred X 165 12GEM03126 AR03056:N0902‐064‐001‐B Inbred X 166 12GEM03127 AR03056:N0902‐083‐001‐B Inbred X 167 12GEM03131 CUBA164:S99n99n‐B‐010‐B Inbred X 8
168 12GEM03133 CUBA164:S99n99n‐B‐035‐B Inbred X 169 12GEM03135 SANM126:S1221‐B‐009‐B Inbred X 170 12GEM03136 CML329:N1546‐B‐004‐B Inbred X 171 12GEM03138 CML329:N1546‐B‐017‐B Inbred X 172 12GEM03140 BR105:N1643‐B‐006‐B Inbred X 173 12GEM03141 BR105:N1643‐B‐020‐B Inbred X 174 12GEM03142 BR105:N1643‐B‐023‐B Inbred X 175 12GEM03143 BR105:N1643‐B‐036‐B Inbred X 176 12GEM03144 BR105:N1643‐B‐039‐B Inbred X 177 12GEM03145 BR105:N1643‐B‐050‐B Inbred X 178 12GEM03146 BR105:N1643‐B‐068‐B Inbred X 179 12GEM03147 UR13088:S0650‐B‐005‐B Inbred X 180 12GEM03148 UR13088:S0650‐B‐010‐B Inbred X 181 12GEM03149 UR13088:S0650‐B‐016‐B Inbred X 182 12GEM03150 UR13088:S0650‐B‐018‐B Inbred X 183 12GEM03155 UR13088:S0650‐B‐095‐B Inbred X 184 12GEM03157 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐002‐B Inbred X 185 12GEM03158 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐004‐B Inbred X 186 12GEM03159 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐012‐B Inbred X 187 12GEM03160 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐013‐B Inbred X 188 12GEM03161 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐019‐B Inbred X 189 12GEM03162 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐037‐B Inbred X 190 12GEM03163 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐043‐B Inbred X 191 12GEM03164 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐047‐B Inbred X 192 12GEM03165 AR16021:N2149a‐B‐065‐B Inbred X 193 12GEM03166 MBRC10:N1749b‐014‐B Inbred X 9
194 12GEM03168 MBRC10:N1749b‐093‐B Inbred X 195 12GEM03169 DK888:S08a46‐082‐B Inbred X 196 12GEM03173 DK888:S08a46‐010‐B Inbred X 197 12GEM03021 BG070404:D27S42‐B‐014‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMS‐0224
X X X X X X X X 198 12GEM03022 BR105:N16a16b‐B‐074‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMN‐0225
X X X X X X X X 199 12GEM03023 BR106:S99a99e‐B‐053‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMS‐0226
X X X X X X X X 200 12GEM03024 NEI9004:S2809‐B‐022‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMS‐0227
X X X X X X X X 201 12GEM03025 NEI9004:S2809‐B‐025‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMS‐0228
X X X X X X X X 202 12GEM03026 SANM126:N1299b‐B‐033‐B‐B‐SIB Inbred GEMN‐0229
X X X X X X X X 203 12GEM03233 UR13085:S99g99u‐B‐023‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0240
X 204 12GEM03241 UR13085:S99g99u‐B‐058‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0241
X 205 12GEM03243 AR17026:S1648‐B‐030‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0234
X 206 12GEM03260 DKXL370:S08c17c‐B‐008‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0237
X 207 12GEM03315 NEI9004:N0803‐B‐027‐B‐B Inbred GEMN‐0238
X 208 12GEM03323 NEI9004:N0803‐B‐053‐B‐B Inbred GEMN‐0239
X 209 12GEM09118 CUBA173:S0446‐B‐030‐B‐B Inbred GEMS‐0235
X 210 12GEM04974 CML287:S15‐024‐003‐B Inbred GEMS‐0243
X 211 12GEM04975 CML287:S15‐027‐001‐B Inbred GEMS‐0244
X 212 12GEM04976 DK888:S11b‐037‐018‐008‐B Inbred GEMS‐0245
X 213 12GEM04977 SE32(BR52051):N11c‐015‐004‐B Inbred GEMN‐0242
X 10
Experimental design -- Selection of locations for phenotype evaluation
1) Harbin of Heilongjiang Province (44°N 125°E) was selected to evaluate
resistance to head smut and common smut. Harbin is located in the Northeast Spring
Corn Region of China, where is typical rain-fed area with averaged active accumulated
temperature of 2700℃. Major crops in this area are maize (85%), soybean (5%), rice
(5%) and minor cereal crops (5%).
2) Beijing (39°N 116°E) was selected to evalute stalk rot resistance under artifical
inoculation of Fusarium & Pythium spp.., where maize is often planted in the spring
although it can also be planted in the summer.
3) Yangling of Shannxi Province (34°N 108° E) was selected for evaluation of
nitrogen use efficiency under low nitrogen condition. Yangling belongs to the
Huanghuaihai Summer Corn Region and is located in the Southern Loess Plateau of
China.
4) Urumqi of Xinjiang Province (43°N 87°E) was selected for evaluation of
drought resistance. Typically Urumqi belongs to the Irrigation Spring Corn Region and
is located in the middle area of the Eurasian continent with temperate continental dry
climate where the mean annual precipitation is 194 mm but the average annual
evaporation is 2617 mm. Major crops in this area are cotton (50%), maize (30%), and
spring wheat (20%).
5) Laizhou of Shandong Province (36°N 119°E) was selected to evaluate MRDV
resistance under natural conditions, where MRDV is the most prevailing disease.
Laizhou belongs to the Summer Corn Region in China. Usually, two season crops are
planted by rotation of winter wheat and summer corn, which takes over 85% of all the
planting area. And other crops such as sweet potato, peanut and other minor grain cereal
crops are also planted in this region.
6) Dandong of Liaoning Province (40°N 124°E) was selected to evaluate resistance
to northern leaf blight. Climate of Dandong is mild and humid with annual average
11
temperature of 6-9℃. Dandong area is a serious occurrence region of northern leaf
blight, with high disease stress and diverse races.
Fig 1. The map distribution of locations for phenotype identification in China in 2013
-- Field experimental design and management
The GEM materials were planted in the field with one CK every 20 entries.The
density was
67500 plants/ha, and with two replications. Each plot was one row with 4
m in length and 0.6 m between rows. The outer rows of each location were designated
as border rows. Planting dates were similar to those adopted by local farmers, i.e. at the
end of April in Harbin, Dandong and Urumqi, the beginning of May in Beijing, the
middle of May at Laizhou, and the middle of June for the summer corn locations at
Yangling. All plots were hand-planted, initially with two seeds per sowing spot (sowing
spots sited to give the respective sowing densities). The plants were was thinned to one
12
healthy plant for each sowing spot when they were at the 4-leaf stage. Where necessary,
trial plots were irrigated prior to sowing to ensure good seedling emergence. At all plots
except the low nitrogen field of Yangling site, 600 kg ha-1 of diammonium phosphate
fertilizer (N 18%, P205 46%) was mixed into the topsoil to a depth of 10 cm before
planting, and urea was subsequently applied twice, i.e. 375 kg ha-1 at stalk elongation
and at 225 kg ha-1 during kernel filling during inter-row cultivation. Irrigation was
supplied when needed except for drought treatment (50% water saving) at Urumqi site.
Weed control was carried out by hand. Harvest time was during September 25-30 for
the spring corn and September 20-25 for the summer corn.
-- Data collection
1) General observation and evaluation of basic agronomic characteristics
Days to tasseling were recorded when 60% of the tassels had expanded 3-5 cm
above the leaves. Days to anthesis were recorded when 60% of the tassels had anthers
exerted. Days to silking were recorded when 60% of the ears showed silk emergence.
The following morphological traits also were recorded using 5 adjacent plants situated
toward the center of each rows per plot, including plant height (cm from the ground to
the top of the tassel), ear height (cm from the ground to the highest node bearing ear),
tassel length (from intersect of lowest tassel branch to tip of central tassel), primary
tassel branching number (the number of branches on the central tassel). For evaluation
of yield and yield-related traits, the ears of all plants in the rows of each plot (excluding
the most exterior plants of each row) were hand sampled and were dried naturally for 30
days before shelling from the cob (using an Agriculex SCS Corn Sheller). Yield and
kernel weight were measured at 14% moisture content. Kernel weight per ear, number
of kernels per ear, ear length (mean length of the largest ears from five plants), ear
diameter (mean diameter of the largest ears from five plants), cob diameter, kernel
length, kernel width, kernel thickness (all kernel traits: mean value of 10 randomly
chosen kernels from the middle of the ear),100 kernel weight were also measured
according to the standard described by Shi et al. (2006).
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2) Evaluation of resistance to head smut and common smut
Seventy-four new accessions and thirteen retesting GEM materials were evaluated
for resistance to head smut and common smut
under the natural condition at the most
serious fields in Harbin of Heilongjiang Province in 2013. The two important inbred
lines, Huangzaosi (susceptible to head smut and resistance to common smut) and Mo17
(resistance to head smut and common smut) were also planted as local CKs.
3) Evaluation of
nitrogen use efficiency
Seventy-four new accessions and fourteen retesting GEM materials were evaluated
under normal and low nitrogen conditions in Yangling of Shannxi Province. The total
available nitrogen content in the top layer soil (0-20 cm) was about 10 mg/kg at the
harvesting stage in the low nitrogen fields with zero-nitrogen fertilizer application
during the recent three years, while the available nitrogen content in the normal nitrogen
field applied with fertilizer three times was 25mg/kg at the harvesting stage.
The extent of low nitrogen tolerance was evaluated in term of index of ear length
(ear length under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen) , index of length of filling ears (length
of filling ears under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of ear diameter (ear diameter
under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of cob diameter (cob diameter under low
nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of kernel row number (kernel row number under low
nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of kernel number per row(kernel number per row
under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of biomass (biomass under low nitrogen/
normal nitrogen), index of grain weight (grain weight under low nitrogen/ normal
nitrogen), index of percentage of kernel weight in ear weight (percentage of kernel
weight in ear weight under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of kernel weight per
hundred (kernel weight per hundred under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of leaf
area (leaf area under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen), index of plant height (plant height
under low nitrogen/ normal nitrogen) and index of ear height(ear height under low
nitrogen/ normal nitrogen).
4) Evaluation of drought tolerance
Seventy-four new accessions and sixteen retesting GEM materials were evaluated
14
under both well-watered and water-limited conditions in Urumqi of Xinjiang Province.
In the well-watered field, irrigation was supplied every other 7-10 day. The
water-limited treatment was applied by stopping irrigation during the period from 15
days before flowering to harvest. During the whole growth period, the total volume of
irrigating was 6000 m3/ha (8 times, 750 m3/ha/time) in the well-watered treatment while
3000 m3/ha (4 times, 750 m3/ha/time) in the water-limited treatment. The three
important inbred lines Zheng58, Han21 and Huangzaosi with different drought
tolerance were also planted as local CKs.
The extent of drought tolerance was evaluated in terms of drought tolerance
coefficient and drought tolerance index.
Drought tolerance coefficient = A / B
Drought tolerance index = (A / B) / (C / D), here
A, yield of given material under water limited condition
B, yield of given material under well-watered condition
C, average yield of all materials under water limited conditions
D, average yield of all materials under well-watered conditions
5) Evaluation of maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) resistance
Seventy-four new accessions introduced in 2013 and eight retesting GEM
materials were evaluated in heavy MRDV infected field at Laizhou site. Four local
important inbred lines, Zheng58, Huangzaosi, Nongda178 and Zun90110 ( resistant to
MRDV), were also planted as CKs.
6) Evaluation of stalk rotresistance
In 2009, the stalk rot resistance of fifty GEM materials were scored under the
artificial inoculation of Fusarium & Pythium spp.. in Beijing. And eighteen resistant
accessions were selected and re-scored in 2010. In 2012, fifteen resistant accessions
were selected and scored again. Five resistant materials of were retested in 2013. At
same time, newly introduced seventy-four materials were also evaluated in 2013. Two
local inbred lines were planted as susceptible CK (Huangzaosi) and resistant CK
(Song1145).
15
The inoculation of mixed Fusarium &Pythium spp.. was operated at the stage of 10
complete leaves at root layer, resulting in the infection of pathogen. The plants with
stalk rot were counted at the 20th day after pollination, when the susceptible CK
showed a high percentage of infection.
7) Evaluation of northern leaf blight (NLB) resistance
Seventy-four new GEM accessions were evaluated under normal circumstances in
Dandong of Liaoning Province. Two important inbred lines, Mo17 and Huobai, were
planted as local susceptible CKs.
2. Results 1) Trait evaluation of GEM breeding crosses and lines under diverse
environments
GEM breeding crosses and inbred lines (Table 1) were evaluated under two
locations, 87 and 212 accessions of the 213 materials (one accession without seed) were
evaluated in Harbin and Beijing, respectively, according to their seed amounts. In
2013, flowering time, yield and yield components (special for Beijing site) were
investigated. Table 2 shows the performance of days to tasseling, days to anthesis and
days to silking of the GEM breeding crosses and lines at the two locations. Table 3
shows the performance of the plant height, ear height, tassel length and number of tassel
branches of the
GEM materials. Table 4 shows the performance of ear length, ear
diameter, cob diameter, kernel row number and kernel number per row of the GEM
materials. Table 5 shows the performance of kernel length, kernel width, kernel
thickness and kernel weight per 100 of the GEM materials. Table 6 shows the
performance of kernel type, kernel color and cob color of the GEM materials.
Flowering time traits:
The traits of days to tasselling, anthesis and silking were recorded. And it could be
found that the averaged values of the three flowering time traits of this set of GEM
materials were similar to those of the local CKs, Huangzaosi and Zheng58. From the
point of breeding, those germplasm that showed earlier maturity than the local CKs
16
have a breeding potential in China, especially in the summer corn areas of China.
Yield and yield-related traits:
It was interesting to find that some GEM materials showed longer ear length, more
kernel number per row and thicker kernel than the local CKs.
Table 2. Days to tasselling, anthesis and silking of GEM materials evaluated in Harbin
and Beijing
Inventory Days to tasselling
Harbin
Beijing
Days to anthesis
Harbin
Beijing
Days to silking
Harbin
Beijing
03GEM80021
60
59
64
04GEM80022
61
64
68
04GEM80030
60
62
65
07GEM80031
62
64
67
07GEM80033
67
71
07GEM80035
63
66
68
07GEM80042
66
69
71
07GEM80043
58
61
63
08GEM80043
64
83
67
86
70
08GEM80044
64
84
69
87
64
08GEM80095
49
53
57
08GEM80097
58
62
64
08GEM80102
59
60
61
08GEM80104
57
61
63
08GEM80115
58
62
65
09GEM00165
54
58
62
09GEM08553
52
56
60
09GEM08555
59
62
67
09GEM80059
61
10GEM80001
63
68
69
10GEM80069
60
69
71
10GEM80082
63
65
61
10GEM80091
65
67
70
10GEM80110
66
83
69
87
70
10GEM80111
61
84
65
87
67
10GEM80113
66
86
69
88
71
11GEM00704
64
12GEM03390
57
82
61
85
63
12GEM03391
55
82
59
85
61
12GEM03393
61
84
65
86
67
12GEM03394
55
83
60
88
62
12GEM03395
54
84
59
89
61
84
64
88
66
17
66
68
12GEM03396
55
57
12GEM03397
54
84
56
88
61
12GEM03398
55
79
59
82
61
12GEM03399
57
83
62
88
62
12GEM03400
56
80
59
85
63
12GEM03401
61
86
65
89
66
12GEM03402
59
86
62
89
64
12GEM03403
55
80
59
84
62
12GEM03404
57
83
60
86
64
12GEM03964
54
59
62
12GEM03965
62
64
66
12GEM03967
55
12GEM03968
57
58
62
12GEM03969
56
58
61
12GEM03970
54
82
58
85
63
12GEM03972
54
82
58
84
62
12GEM03973
57
12GEM03974
54
79
58
84
63
12GEM03975
54
80
58
83
62
12GEM03976
55
79
58
83
62
12GEM03979
58
80
60
83
63
12GEM03981
57
80
60
83
60
12GEM03983
57
12GEM03985
59
84
62
88
65
12GEM03987
61
84
64
88
67
12GEM03989
51
77
55
79
59
12GEM03990
56
81
60
84
62
12GEM03992
53
80
57
81
60
12GEM03993
58
82
61
86
63
12GEM03994
56
81
60
87
62
12GEM03995
56
79
61
81
62
12GEM03996
54
78
58
79
61
12GEM03997
58
84
61
84
63
12GEM04470
56
80
59
83
62
12GEM09087
57
82
56
85
63
12GEM09088
67
80
69
82
72
12GEM09089
56
80
61
82
64
12GEM09090
55
81
59
83
63
12GEM09129
61
79
64
82
66
12GEM09130
61
83
64
87
66
12GEM09132
55
78
58
80
61
12GEM80002
53
75
56
77
57
12GEM80011
53
80
59
84
63
82
58
63
84
61
65
60
18
60
62
12GEM80012
53
77
58
78
64
12GEM80013
52
79
58
81
60
12GEM80014
58
79
62
80
66
12GEM80022
57
78
61
81
63
12GEM80028
55
78
59
81
61
12GEM80031
52
76
56
78
58
12GEM80033
58
81
61
83
65
12GEM80034
54
78
58
80
60
12GEM80036
56
82
64
88
67
12GEM80039
53
76
56
79
57
12GEM80042
53
76
56
78
59
12GEM80043
59
82
61
85
64
12GEM80044
55
78
58
80
60
12GEM80046
54
78
57
80
62
12GEM80049
56
78
59
79
62
12GEM80056
61
83
62
85
50
12GEM80058
57
83
58
86
48
12GEM80061
61
82
64
84
66
12GEM80062
61
80
63
84
66
12GEM80064
54
78
56
79
57
12GEM80065
60
79
63
81
67
12GEM80066
56
78
61
80
65
12GEM80067
57
77
61
80
65
12GEM80071
63
80
66
81
68
12GEM80072
56
79
59
82
63
12GEM80073
56
79
60
80
62
12GEM80074
59
78
62
80
64
03GEM00111
60
63
65
03GEM00126
58
61
65
04GEM00776
57
61
64
07GEM02948
62
60
66
07GEM02951
58
62
64
08GEM05052
64
79
67
80
67
08GEM05053
58
76
61
78
66
09GEM07815
59
76
63
78
66
09GEM07816
54
58
62
09GEM07817
61
64
66
09GEM07818
57
62
64
10GEM06839
59
76
61
78
66
10GEM06840
63
80
67
82
69
10GEM06842
61
79
64
83
68
10GEM06844
64
66
68
10GEM06845
60
63
65
19
10GEM06846
59
80
11GEM06358
56
61
63
11GEM06361
59
63
66
12GEM03032
59
62
64
12GEM03033
58
59
59
12GEM03036
60
64
65
12GEM03038
54
60
65
12GEM03039
58
59
62
12GEM03042
58
65
67
12GEM03044
54
56
60
12GEM03045
59
60
61
12GEM03046
60
61
62
12GEM03047
59
65
71
12GEM03049
57
65
65
12GEM03051
59
58
61
12GEM03053
58
61
64
12GEM03057
53
60
61
12GEM03060
59
62
64
12GEM03068
54
59
62
12GEM03069
55
58
62
12GEM03071
57
60
64
12GEM03074
62
64
65
12GEM03078
62
64
67
12GEM03079
66
68
71
12GEM03082
60
63
66
12GEM03083
56
56
60
12GEM03084
65
67
69
12GEM03085
65
67
69
12GEM03087
63
66
68
12GEM03088
62
65
66
12GEM03091
61
65
66
12GEM03094
59
61
64
12GEM03096
64
66
69
12GEM03097
57
61
63
12GEM03099
60
65
66
12GEM03100
59
62
64
12GEM03101
64
66
66
12GEM03103
61
65
66
12GEM03104
56
60
63
12GEM03105
51
57
60
12GEM03106
63
65
67
12GEM03108
62
65
66
12GEM03111
61
66
69
20
64
84
67
12GEM03112
61
64
67
12GEM03125
58
62
64
12GEM03126
58
61
65
12GEM03127
57
60
62
12GEM03131
61
64
66
12GEM03133
56
60
64
12GEM03135
56
58
63
12GEM03136
57
62
64
12GEM03138
59
63
65
12GEM03140
61
64
67
12GEM03141
60
64
66
12GEM03142
60
63
65
12GEM03143
63
65
67
12GEM03144
62
64
66
12GEM03145
64
66
70
12GEM03146
62
65
67
12GEM03147
56
62
66
12GEM03148
57
63
66
12GEM03149
44
50
59
12GEM03150
54
58
62
12GEM03155
58
63
66
12GEM03157
54
57
59
12GEM03158
57
61
62
12GEM03159
56
61
63
12GEM03160
56
59
61
12GEM03161
53
56
57
12GEM03162
57
60
64
12GEM03163
59
61
64
12GEM03164
54
57
58
12GEM03165
55
59
57
12GEM03166
48
52
54
12GEM03168
47
53
54
12GEM03169
54
57
58
12GEM03173
58
61
59
12GEM03021
58
81
64
84
66
12GEM03022
64
84
66
87
68
12GEM03023
66
83
69
86
71
12GEM03024
55
78
58
81
60
12GEM03025
59
81
64
84
62
12GEM03026
62
85
66
88
68
12GEM03233
60
61
59
12GEM03241
64
66
70
12GEM03243
64
66
69
21
12GEM03260
64
62
57
12GEM03315
59
64
66
12GEM03323
59
65
66
12GEM09118
70
73
0
12GEM04974
67
71
72
12GEM04975
64
70
72
12GEM04976
67
69
71
12GEM04977
64
66
69
58
65
68
Zheng58
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
61
76
65
84
68
(local CK)
Mo17
77
80
(local CK)
Average
58
80
61
83
63
CV%
7
3
6
4
9
Table 3. Plant height, ear height, tassel length and number of tassel branches of GEM
breeding crosses and inbred lines evaluated in Beijing
Inventory No. of tassel
Plant height (cm)
Ear height (cm)
Tassel length (cm)
branches
03GEM80021
213
106
39
11
04GEM80022
235
119
36
6
04GEM80030
243
122
33
8
07GEM80031
245
137
37
14
07GEM80033
288
175
41
20
07GEM80035
253
132
41
14
07GEM80042
241
126
40
15
07GEM80043
248
129
41
11
08GEM80043
202
92
23
8
08GEM80044
228
128
31
9
08GEM80095
171
75
38
8
08GEM80097
204
101
30
10
08GEM80102
165
79
37
11
08GEM80104
223
104
40
10
08GEM80115
206
105
34
7
09GEM00165
157
68
33
6
09GEM08553
168
63
27
2
09GEM08555
225
114
35
12
09GEM80059
223
116
32
8
10GEM80001
229
128
30
8
10GEM80069
226
118
34
11
10GEM80082
206
112
35
15
22
10GEM80091
199
109
31
8
10GEM80110
255
142
32
14
10GEM80111
228
100
37
9
10GEM80113
183
97
28
6
11GEM00704
200
98
31
10
12GEM03390
198
101
33
7
12GEM03391
205
108
35
11
12GEM03393
224
111
35
12
12GEM03394
190
93
34
6
12GEM03395
191
96
37
7
12GEM03396
197
99
39
6
12GEM03397
173
84
34
7
12GEM03398
208
110
32
9
12GEM03399
229
131
31
6
12GEM03400
220
99
34
6
12GEM03401
229
127
34
4
12GEM03402
233
133
31
5
12GEM03403
230
111
35
7
12GEM03404
241
117
36
8
12GEM03964
255
149
44
11
12GEM03965
249
129
34
14
12GEM03967
243
121
41
11
12GEM03968
235
118
40
10
12GEM03969
238
125
39
9
12GEM03970
259
136
44
11
12GEM03972
216
103
42
8
12GEM03973
245
132
36
7
12GEM03974
227
115
40
9
12GEM03975
226
117
41
12
12GEM03976
252
142
37
14
12GEM03979
258
151
37
13
12GEM03981
244
133
38
9
12GEM03983
263
135
38
12
12GEM03985
262
144
35
7
12GEM03987
264
153
32
8
12GEM03989
256
134
41
13
12GEM03990
254
133
37
11
12GEM03992
244
113
41
15
12GEM03993
233
123
29
9
12GEM03994
267
148
40
10
12GEM03995
274
160
38
11
12GEM03996
242
123
37
12
12GEM03997
268
145
35
8
23
12GEM04470
238
116
40
10
12GEM09087
227
120
32
8
12GEM09088
229
122
37
12
12GEM09089
227
116
39
10
12GEM09090
227
103
36
7
12GEM09129
237
133
37
9
12GEM09130
238
129
38
9
12GEM09132
257
137
45
10
12GEM80002
209
99
35
8
12GEM80011
245
132
43
15
12GEM80012
245
133
37
14
12GEM80013
236
114
45
11
12GEM80014
271
147
38
8
12GEM80022
254
143
35
9
12GEM80028
241
127
35
11
12GEM80031
229
114
41
11
12GEM80033
237
128
35
11
12GEM80034
223
112
37
10
12GEM80036
264
150
36
8
12GEM80039
242
130
41
14
12GEM80042
225
119
41
12
12GEM80043
270
150
36
13
12GEM80044
244
127
41
9
12GEM80046
233
131
40
15
12GEM80049
255
130
40
11
12GEM80056
242
131
38
10
12GEM80058
216
115
35
8
12GEM80061
223
119
35
9
12GEM80062
239
121
34
7
12GEM80064
214
112
37
12
12GEM80065
227
123
30
11
12GEM80066
241
129
35
10
12GEM80067
224
112
35
7
12GEM80071
242
142
35
11
12GEM80072
235
129
38
8
12GEM80073
250
133
34
11
12GEM80074
220
109
32
8
03GEM00111
213
110
35
8
03GEM00126
187
90
31
7
04GEM00776
196
96
33
8
07GEM02948
212
124
25
10
07GEM02951
220
115
37
9
08GEM05052
176
95
32
4
24
08GEM05053
158
54
32
3
09GEM07815
201
97
45
6
09GEM07816
163
84
36
7
09GEM07817
207
114
30
8
09GEM07818
165
76
37
1
10GEM06839
194
106
31
16
10GEM06840
214
107
38
9
10GEM06842
219
115
32
6
10GEM06844
211
108
37
6
10GEM06845
177
87
30
2
10GEM06846
186
80
34
1
11GEM06358
154
79
28
5
11GEM06361
177
89
28
8
12GEM03032
205
95
27
5
12GEM03033
187
81
35
5
12GEM03036
195
109
31
6
12GEM03038
202
100
38
12
12GEM03039
192
104
31
6
12GEM03042
169
79
32
4
12GEM03044
177
64
32
4
12GEM03045
148
67
24
7
12GEM03046
186
80
32
5
12GEM03047
187
97
35
8
12GEM03049
179
85
29
7
12GEM03051
174
79
34
8
12GEM03053
191
95
31
7
12GEM03057
180
82
42
3
12GEM03060
161
70
25
7
12GEM03068
172
87
35
7
12GEM03069
196
97
33
5
12GEM03071
237
104
29
5
12GEM03074
174
80
30
7
12GEM03078
150
83
35
11
12GEM03079
140
69
30
11
12GEM03082
189
91
34
12
12GEM03083
122
54
30
6
12GEM03084
203
99
38
7
12GEM03085
188
91
38
7
12GEM03087
223
98
40
16
12GEM03088
155
79
27
10
12GEM03091
177
93
35
6
12GEM03094
151
79
29
7
12GEM03096
203
112
34
6
25
12GEM03097
166
78
38
7
12GEM03099
228
119
28
11
12GEM03100
196
104
37
8
12GEM03101
192
107
32
11
12GEM03103
204
103
28
5
12GEM03104
186
98
35
9
12GEM03105
177
91
38
12
12GEM03106
201
104
34
6
12GEM03108
202
96
30
10
12GEM03111
179
92
32
8
12GEM03112
174
79
30
5
12GEM03125
205
115
32
4
12GEM03126
185
101
29
9
12GEM03127
176
91
34
8
12GEM03131
139
74
28
2
12GEM03133
173
85
36
7
12GEM03135
172
72
29
5
12GEM03136
141
61
32
8
12GEM03138
170
73
36
3
12GEM03140
219
112
35
7
12GEM03141
194
97
35
8
12GEM03142
194
100
34
6
12GEM03143
192
95
39
7
12GEM03144
172
86
35
8
12GEM03145
193
115
40
16
12GEM03146
182
89
37
10
12GEM03147
168
81
28
13
12GEM03148
186
87
32
10
12GEM03149
155
60
27
4
12GEM03150
194
88
27
10
12GEM03155
168
80
29
13
12GEM03157
181
90
29
10
12GEM03158
172
93
31
12
12GEM03159
208
111
35
8
12GEM03160
176
85
24
8
12GEM03161
157
77
32
10
12GEM03162
202
93
30
5
12GEM03163
179
99
31
7
12GEM03164
178
93
33
7
12GEM03165
195
104
25
5
12GEM03166
153
63
34
6
12GEM03168
149
62
33
8
12GEM03169
175
87
36
8
26
12GEM03173
175
97
28
3
12GEM03021
190
96
33
7
12GEM03022
183
97
20
8
12GEM03023
221
121
28
7
12GEM03024
199
78
26
7
12GEM03025
198
108
29
12
12GEM03026
214
119
25
9
12GEM03233
130
79
23
23
12GEM03241
161
80
29
11
12GEM03243
183
81
34
7
12GEM03260
184
86
34
4
12GEM03315
173
89
30
8
12GEM03323
166
96
25
8
12GEM09118
252
132
43
10
12GEM04974
246
140
37
8
12GEM04975
245
136
34
11
12GEM04976
196
96
31
13
12GEM04977
175
90
31
12
125
57
28
7
179
107
26
18
Average
207
106
34
9
CV%
16
22
14
38
Zheng58
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
(local CK)
Table 4. Ear length, ear diameter, cob diameter, kernel row number and kernel
number per row of GEM materials evaluated in Beijing
Inventory
Ear diameter
Cob diameter
Kernel row
Kernel number
(cm）
(cm)
number
per row
Ear length (cm)
03GEM80021
17.9
4.6
2.7
18
36
04GEM80022
18.1
4.5
2.6
16
35
04GEM80030
17.5
4.5
2.7
15
32
07GEM80031
17.3
4.4
2.8
16
31
07GEM80033
17.5
4.8
2.9
16
39
07GEM80035
16.5
4.1
2.7
15
37
07GEM80042
14.6
4.0
2.6
14
29
07GEM80043
17.6
4.3
2.6
15
34
08GEM80043
12.5
3.6
2.2
12
26
08GEM80044
13.2
3.8
2.3
12
27
08GEM80095
16.6
4.1
2.6
15
33
08GEM80097
15.3
4.1
2.7
15
28
08GEM80102
14.3
3.5
2.5
14
28
27
08GEM80104
15.5
3.9
2.6
15
30
08GEM80115
14.6
4.1
1.9
15
32
09GEM00165
12.4
4.3
2.6
16
24
09GEM08553
12.1
4.0
2.5
13
20
09GEM08555
15.0
4.1
2.7
14
31
09GEM80059
11.9
4.0
2.5
14
25
10GEM80001
11.8
4.0
2.6
14
24
10GEM80069
17.0
3.9
2.7
12
23
10GEM80082
15.7
4.2
2.6
17
37
10GEM80091
13.7
4.1
2.8
15
26
10GEM80110
17.3
4.1
2.5
13
42
10GEM80111
13.0
4.1
2.7
15
26
10GEM80113
12.7
3.4
2.5
15
28
11GEM00704
14.7
3.9
2.4
12
35
12GEM03390
14.5
4.7
2.8
17
28
12GEM03391
14.3
4.4
2.7
15
28
12GEM03393
16.6
4.1
2.7
14
34
12GEM03394
14.7
4.8
2.8
15
27
12GEM03395
15.5
3.9
2.6
11
25
12GEM03396
15.1
3.8
2.6
12
30
12GEM03397
16.6
3.9
2.6
12
36
12GEM03398
17.9
4.1
2.5
14
27
12GEM03399
13.3
4.4
2.7
17
28
12GEM03400
16.3
4.4
2.6
14
31
12GEM03401
18.9
4.6
2.6
13
36
12GEM03402
17.3
4.2
2.5
15
36
12GEM03403
13.9
4.3
2.5
14
31
12GEM03404
16.8
4.7
2.5
15
34
12GEM03964
18.5
4.8
2.6
13
36
12GEM03965
16.7
4.7
2.3
17
32
12GEM03967
17.3
4.2
2.6
12
34
12GEM03968
16.3
4.5
2.5
12
33
12GEM03969
19.8
4.7
2.0
15
34
12GEM03970
19.0
5.0
2.8
14
39
12GEM03972
18.0
4.3
2.7
12
34
12GEM03973
16.8
4.2
2.6
12
32
12GEM03974
18.3
4.5
2.4
13
34
12GEM03975
18.6
4.1
2.5
13
41
12GEM03976
16.2
4.4
2.5
13
36
12GEM03979
18.5
4.5
2.7
14
40
12GEM03981
17.9
4.8
2.8
13
37
12GEM03983
18.8
4.7
2.7
16
36
12GEM03985
14.5
5.2
3.3
18
33
28
12GEM03987
14.8
4.3
2.7
17
32
12GEM03989
16.6
4.6
2.6
15
35
12GEM03990
15.3
4.9
2.7
15
33
12GEM03992
14.9
4.6
2.5
16
30
12GEM03993
16.5
4.5
2.7
14
34
12GEM03994
17.9
4.0
2.6
13
38
12GEM03995
17.2
4.3
2.6
14
33
12GEM03996
16.9
4.2
2.6
12
32
12GEM03997
18.4
4.5
2.7
12
36
12GEM04470
17.2
4.3
2.6
15
38
12GEM09087
15.5
4.1
2.6
15
29
12GEM09088
16.9
3.9
2.6
13
35
12GEM09089
17.6
3.9
2.6
14
35
12GEM09090
16.0
4.6
2.6
15
31
12GEM09129
14.4
4.2
2.6
13
32
12GEM09130
16.4
5.2
3.0
16
31
12GEM09132
18.2
4.8
2.7
14
41
12GEM80002
14.9
3.9
2.5
16
32
12GEM80011
16.6
4.5
2.6
15
35
12GEM80012
14.4
4.7
2.4
14
26
12GEM80013
18.0
4.6
2.6
14
33
12GEM80014
19.2
4.9
2.7
17
35
12GEM80022
19.1
4.7
2.7
16
38
12GEM80028
17.3
4.7
2.6
13
34
12GEM80031
18.5
4.8
2.8
15
34
12GEM80033
16.0
4.6
2.7
16
31
12GEM80034
15.7
4.6
2.8
16
28
12GEM80036
19.9
4.2
2.5
14
39
12GEM80039
18.3
4.6
2.7
16
38
12GEM80042
19.3
4.6
2.7
15
39
12GEM80043
15.8
4.7
2.9
17
34
12GEM80044
18.1
4.4
2.6
15
37
12GEM80046
19.2
4.4
2.5
15
41
12GEM80049
19.7
4.7
2.6
13
44
12GEM80056
16.9
4.7
2.4
17
37
12GEM80058
17.0
4.4
2.8
15
36
12GEM80061
16.2
4.0
2.6
13
28
12GEM80062
14.7
4.4
2.4
12
31
12GEM80064
16.2
4.3
2.8
15
32
12GEM80065
16.0
4.3
2.7
16
32
12GEM80066
16.4
4.2
2.8
14
30
12GEM80067
14.4
4.3
2.8
18
31
12GEM80071
15.7
4.6
2.7
15
29
29
12GEM80072
18.8
4.4
2.7
14
34
12GEM80073
15.6
4.4
2.6
15
34
12GEM80074
17.3
4.7
2.8
16
34
03GEM00111
9.7
3.8
2.6
16
21
03GEM00126
10.6
4.1
2.7
15
22
04GEM00776
13.0
4.0
2.7
15
27
07GEM02948
9.8
3.6
2.4
14
18
07GEM02951
15.0
4.4
2.6
17
36
08GEM05052
17.7
3.9
2.6
16
29
08GEM05053
14.4
3.6
2.6
13
27
09GEM07815
19.9
3.5
2.1
12
35
09GEM07816
15.1
3.8
2.4
12
33
09GEM07817
14.8
3.5
2.5
13
24
09GEM07818
16.8
3.8
2.4
11
31
10GEM06839
12.6
4.1
2.5
14
30
10GEM06840
12.5
4.5
2.7
16
22
10GEM06842
13.4
4.6
2.5
15
22
10GEM06844
16.2
3.7
2.5
12
32
10GEM06845
15.5
3.6
2.6
12
27
10GEM06846
11.7
3.1
2.4
10
19
11GEM06358
10.7
4.8
2.9
18
18
11GEM06361
12.6
4.4
2.7
17
21
12GEM03032
11.7
4.2
2.6
15
25
12GEM03033
12.6
4.6
2.6
20
26
12GEM03036
12.5
4.2
2.5
16
25
12GEM03038
15.8
3.9
2.5
16
25
12GEM03039
15.9
3.8
2.6
12
31
12GEM03042
12.9
4.0
2.7
13
25
12GEM03044
11.8
4.1
2.7
15
22
12GEM03045
15.1
3.7
2.3
14
32
12GEM03046
14.0
3.6
2.6
16
28
12GEM03047
13.3
4.4
2.9
14
24
12GEM03049
14.1
4.0
2.5
13
31
12GEM03051
11.2
4.2
2.7
13
18
12GEM03053
14.9
4.3
2.6
14
30
12GEM03057
13.3
3.5
2.5
13
28
12GEM03060
10.8
3.8
2.3
17
24
12GEM03068
15.2
3.6
2.6
12
30
12GEM03069
15.9
3.8
2.3
14
34
12GEM03071
16.4
3.9
1.9
14
37
12GEM03074
14.5
4.1
2.7
16
29
12GEM03078
15.5
4.0
2.6
14
30
12GEM03079
14.1
4.0
2.6
15
26
30
12GEM03082
11.1
3.9
2.7
16
20
12GEM03083
10.1
3.6
2.5
15
22
12GEM03084
16.0
4.3
2.7
13
26
12GEM03085
13.6
4.1
2.4
13
27
12GEM03087
19.1
3.8
2.5
14
32
12GEM03088
11.6
4.0
2.6
18
26
12GEM03091
13.3
4.2
0.5
17
30
12GEM03094
12.7
3.9
1.7
16
28
12GEM03096
12.4
4.1
2.4
18
27
12GEM03097
13.7
4.4
2.6
18
26
12GEM03099
13.9
4.2
2.7
19
26
12GEM03100
15.8
4.3
2.8
16
27
12GEM03101
13.5
4.0
2.7
13
26
12GEM03103
15.2
4.4
2.7
14
31
12GEM03104
14.5
4.1
2.6
14
31
12GEM03105
13.4
4.3
2.6
14
24
12GEM03106
17.1
4.2
2.6
15
32
12GEM03108
15.3
4.1
2.6
12
22
12GEM03111
15.6
3.8
2.3
14
31
12GEM03112
11.4
4.1
2.7
16
20
12GEM03125
11.2
3.9
2.5
15
21
12GEM03126
12.9
4.4
2.5
16
22
12GEM03127
15.8
4.4
2.7
14
23
12GEM03131
12.3
4.1
2.7
15
21
12GEM03133
16.1
3.7
2.7
17
35
12GEM03135
15.6
3.8
2.6
16
28
12GEM03136
16.8
4.0
2.6
12
29
12GEM03138
16.8
3.9
2.6
12
29
12GEM03140
16.2
3.7
2.8
13
27
12GEM03141
14.7
3.9
2.7
15
30
12GEM03142
13.8
4.3
2.6
14
31
12GEM03143
15.7
4.2
2.7
15
25
12GEM03144
14.5
4.3
1.9
15
23
12GEM03145
14.3
3.9
2.6
14
24
12GEM03146
14.7
4.2
1.7
14
29
12GEM03147
11.9
3.8
2.2
14
19
12GEM03148
12.9
4.0
2.5
16
26
12GEM03149
10.1
3.6
2.6
15
18
12GEM03150
13.1
3.7
2.5
12
21
12GEM03155
14.6
4.2
2.8
14
26
12GEM03157
15.2
4.1
2.5
14
31
12GEM03158
15.9
4.2
2.7
16
30
12GEM03159
15.6
4.4
2.6
16
29
31
12GEM03160
13.4
4.5
2.7
15
28
12GEM03161
13.5
3.9
2.5
14
30
12GEM03162
14.8
4.1
2.2
15
23
12GEM03163
14.7
4.7
2.8
19
30
12GEM03164
14.7
4.4
2.7
15
29
12GEM03165
13.6
4.3
2.7
18
33
12GEM03166
16.1
3.6
2.5
12
35
12GEM03168
12.2
3.2
2.1
13
27
12GEM03169
13.9
4.5
2.6
14
30
12GEM03173
12.2
4.2
2.7
15
26
12GEM03021
13.0
4.1
2.6
16
26
12GEM03022
11.9
4.0
1.6
16
22
12GEM03023
15.3
4.5
2.7
16
32
12GEM03024
14.9
3.9
2.5
16
25
12GEM03025
13.0
4.0
2.6
14
30
12GEM03026
14.7
4.2
2.6
17
28
12GEM03233
10.9
4.5
2.9
20
21
12GEM03241
12.5
4.3
2.7
18
28
12GEM03243
10.3
3.3
2.5
12
18
12GEM03260
13.9
3.8
2.6
16
23
12GEM03315
13.9
4.3
2.4
16
30
12GEM03323
11.0
3.6
2.2
16
19
12GEM09118
18.4
4.1
2.6
14
25
12GEM04974
13.9
4.2
2.7
14
25
12GEM04975
14.1
3.7
2.7
12
28
12GEM04976
12.2
4.1
2.4
18
28
12GEM04977
11.7
3.8
2.6
14
21
13.9
4.0
2.6
12
24
11.9
4.4
2.7
16
23
Average
15.1
4.2
2.6
15
29
CV%
15.4
8.8
9.8
12.2
18.4
Zheng58
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
(local CK)
Table 5. Kernel length, kernel width, kernel thickness and 100-kernel weight of GEM
materials evaluated in Beijing
Inventory
Kernel length (mm)
Kernel thickness
100-Kernel weight
(mm)
(g)
Kernel width (mm)
03GEM80021
9.3
7.2
8.3
25
04GEM80022
8.8
8.2
4.7
31
04GEM80030
8.2
8.1
5.6
34
07GEM80031
7.6
8.7
4.2
22
07GEM80033
9.2
8.5
4.0
29
32
07GEM80035
6.7
7.5
4.0
26
07GEM80042
6.7
7.4
4.5
27
07GEM80043
7.4
7.9
4.0
28
08GEM80043
6.4
6.4
4.0
21
08GEM80044
7.0
7.9
4.2
23
08GEM80095
6.4
6.7
5.5
27
08GEM80097
7.0
7.9
4.8
31
08GEM80102
2.1
6.9
4.6
23
08GEM80104
6.0
7.1
5.5
31
08GEM80115
10.8
6.8
3.6
25
09GEM00165
7.8
7.3
4.3
29
09GEM08553
6.6
8.8
4.4
27
09GEM08555
5.7
7.8
4.5
27
09GEM80059
7.3
7.3
3.7
22
10GEM80001
6.6
9.0
3.7
25
10GEM80069
4.9
7.9
5.4
29
10GEM80082
7.5
7.1
4.0
19
10GEM80091
5.8
6.7
4.3
25
10GEM80110
7.3
7.8
3.6
27
10GEM80111
6.8
7.3
4.5
27
10GEM80113
4.3
6.6
4.9
16
11GEM00704
6.8
7.3
3.3
21
12GEM03390
9.3
7.6
4.6
28
12GEM03391
8.0
7.9
4.3
27
12GEM03393
7.2
7.1
4.0
28
12GEM03394
9.8
8.3
4.5
31
12GEM03395
6.4
8.6
8.6
35
12GEM03396
5.4
7.9
4.2
22
12GEM03397
5.9
8.6
4.9
30
12GEM03398
6.8
7.6
4.8
24
12GEM03399
8.0
7.8
4.7
28
12GEM03400
8.1
8.3
4.9
32
12GEM03401
9.3
8.0
5.0
32
12GEM03402
8.1
6.5
4.3
23
12GEM03403
8.9
7.7
4.0
33
12GEM03404
10.1
8.5
4.5
33
12GEM03964
9.7
9.5
5.6
38
12GEM03965
10.9
7.4
4.0
29
12GEM03967
7.4
8.5
4.6
30
12GEM03968
9.4
9.5
4.3
40
12GEM03969
12.6
8.2
4.9
36
12GEM03970
10.1
9.2
4.6
37
12GEM03972
7.4
9.8
5.5
33
33
12GEM03973
7.1
9.0
4.9
35
12GEM03974
9.7
8.2
5.2
38
12GEM03975
7.1
7.0
4.2
30
12GEM03976
8.6
9.8
7.5
28
12GEM03979
8.3
8.0
3.9
28
12GEM03981
9.2
9.7
4.3
33
12GEM03983
9.9
8.1
4.6
26
12GEM03985
9.8
7.1
3.7
28
12GEM03987
7.5
6.8
4.3
23
12GEM03989
9.6
7.7
4.0
30
12GEM03990
10.0
8.3
4.3
30
12GEM03992
9.6
8.1
5.6
33
12GEM03993
8.9
8.0
4.5
29
12GEM03994
6.7
7.0
4.7
24
12GEM03995
8.0
8.7
3.7
28
12GEM03996
6.9
8.0
5.3
34
12GEM03997
7.4
7.5
4.0
40
12GEM04470
7.7
7.7
4.5
27
12GEM09087
9.2
7.5
4.7
28
12GEM09088
5.4
6.7
4.0
26
12GEM09089
5.9
7.2
4.6
24
12GEM09090
8.9
8.5
4.3
32
12GEM09129
7.8
7.6
5.8
27
12GEM09130
10.2
8.2
4.2
31
12GEM09132
9.7
8.2
4.9
34
12GEM80002
6.5
7.3
5.4
21
12GEM80011
8.4
7.8
5.2
30
12GEM80012
10.0
11.9
5.1
32
12GEM80013
8.7
9.0
4.5
35
12GEM80014
10.4
8.3
5.5
36
12GEM80022
9.5
7.8
4.0
30
12GEM80028
10.0
9.9
4.6
36
12GEM80031
9.4
8.5
4.8
33
12GEM80033
8.9
7.8
4.6
29
12GEM80034
9.2
8.2
4.0
31
12GEM80036
7.3
7.9
4.3
27
12GEM80039
8.4
7.1
4.2
29
12GEM80042
9.0
7.7
4.5
31
12GEM80043
8.7
8.4
4.0
26
12GEM80044
8.4
8.5
4.6
30
12GEM80046
9.2
7.9
4.5
30
12GEM80049
9.3
9.7
3.9
33
12GEM80056
11.0
7.7
4.3
29
34
12GEM80058
7.7
8.2
4.5
24
12GEM80061
6.8
7.3
5.3
27
12GEM80062
9.8
9.7
4.2
37
12GEM80064
7.1
8.1
4.3
30
12GEM80065
6.7
7.6
4.2
22
12GEM80066
15.7
8.0
4.4
35
12GEM80067
7.2
6.0
3.9
23
12GEM80071
9.3
8.7
3.0
31
12GEM80072
7.8
8.9
4.6
30
12GEM80073
8.6
7.6
4.2
30
12GEM80074
8.9
6.9
4.2
26
03GEM00111
5.6
5.8
4.2
19
03GEM00126
5.9
8.1
4.3
21
04GEM00776
6.5
7.4
5.2
21
07GEM02948
4.8
9.8
6.8
25
07GEM02951
8.4
6.8
4.2
23
08GEM05052
6.2
7.3
5.0
24
08GEM05053
4.5
6.9
4.9
22
09GEM07815
7.0
7.0
4.9
27
09GEM07816
6.4
7.5
3.7
28
09GEM07817
4.3
7.3
5.3
25
09GEM07818
6.2
8.4
4.9
24
10GEM06839
7.4
5.7
4.5
23
10GEM06840
7.4
7.0
5.4
26
10GEM06842
9.8
8.7
5.2
29
10GEM06844
5.9
7.5
4.3
26
10GEM06845
5.2
7.8
5.2
26
10GEM06846
2.6
6.8
5.1
25
11GEM06358
9.0
7.2
4.2
23
11GEM06361
8.6
7.8
4.6
25
12GEM03032
7.3
7.4
4.2
29
12GEM03033
9.3
6.9
4.5
20
12GEM03036
7.0
7.0
3.9
14
12GEM03038
6.4
6.9
6.2
22
12GEM03039
5.4
8.8
4.3
27
12GEM03042
6.0
8.6
4.9
22
12GEM03044
6.3
7.6
4.5
23
12GEM03045
6.7
7.2
4.0
18
12GEM03046
4.1
5.2
4.9
13
12GEM03047
7.1
8.2
4.6
26
12GEM03049
6.7
7.6
4.3
25
12GEM03051
6.8
7.8
4.6
26
12GEM03053
7.6
8.0
4.0
28
35
12GEM03057
4.4
7.3
4.3
17
12GEM03060
6.9
6.2
3.9
16
12GEM03068
4.1
7.9
4.2
22
12GEM03069
7.8
7.6
5.0
24
12GEM03071
9.6
7.0
3.9
22
12GEM03074
6.9
7.8
4.9
22
12GEM03078
6.7
8.6
5.9
27
12GEM03079
6.7
6.2
4.9
22
12GEM03082
6.3
7.3
5.7
25
12GEM03083
4.9
6.8
4.7
14
12GEM03084
6.9
9.3
5.2
33
12GEM03085
7.3
6.2
5.9
24
12GEM03087
5.1
6.9
5.3
25
12GEM03088
6.5
7.0
5.4
15
12GEM03091
19.7
8.8
3.7
18
12GEM03094
10.8
7.2
3.9
20
12GEM03096
7.7
6.9
3.7
18
12GEM03097
8.9
6.7
5.5
23
12GEM03099
7.3
7.5
4.5
23
12GEM03100
7.8
8.5
4.6
28
12GEM03101
6.1
7.6
4.5
29
12GEM03103
8.2
9.0
4.3
29
12GEM03104
6.5
6.6
4.2
21
12GEM03105
9.0
12.1
4.3
27
12GEM03106
6.6
7.2
4.6
23
12GEM03108
6.9
9.6
6.3
36
12GEM03111
7.1
6.9
4.3
17
12GEM03112
6.7
9.6
3.9
21
12GEM03125
7.1
8.9
4.5
23
12GEM03126
8.4
9.5
3.7
19
12GEM03127
7.7
11.0
6.6
28
12GEM03131
7.0
7.8
5.3
25
12GEM03133
4.6
6.0
4.3
18
12GEM03135
5.8
7.3
5.7
22
12GEM03136
6.6
8.3
4.5
25
12GEM03138
5.6
9.7
4.6
31
12GEM03140
3.8
7.7
5.0
23
12GEM03141
5.2
7.0
4.6
20
12GEM03142
8.8
8.1
4.9
31
12GEM03143
7.6
7.9
5.3
28
12GEM03144
11.4
8.6
5.3
32
12GEM03145
5.8
7.1
4.9
25
12GEM03146
11.5
7.7
4.2
26
36
12GEM03147
12.8
7.3
5.1
21
12GEM03148
5.4
6.2
4.2
20
12GEM03149
4.5
8.0
3.9
14
12GEM03150
5.4
8.2
4.9
27
12GEM03155
5.7
7.8
4.5
24
12GEM03157
7.4
7.7
4.2
26
12GEM03158
6.4
7.3
4.9
24
12GEM03159
8.5
8.1
4.9
27
12GEM03160
8.0
7.7
3.3
24
12GEM03161
5.8
6.5
3.3
17
12GEM03162
8.9
6.4
4.7
25
12GEM03163
8.3
8.9
4.6
25
12GEM03164
7.4
9.9
4.3
27
12GEM03165
7.5
7.4
3.9
20
12GEM03166
4.4
7.8
5.5
20
12GEM03168
5.2
7.2
4.0
14
12GEM03169
8.5
8.1
4.3
26
12GEM03173
7.7
7.7
3.9
24
12GEM03021
6.4
6.3
3.6
19
12GEM03022
11.7
7.4
4.3
25
12GEM03023
8.2
8.0
3.7
24
12GEM03024
6.3
6.6
5.1
25
12GEM03025
6.7
6.2
3.4
22
12GEM03026
8.0
6.9
5.8
23
12GEM03233
7.0
6.8
4.9
19
12GEM03241
7.0
7.5
3.4
15
12GEM03243
3.4
9.9
3.7
20
12GEM03260
4.9
7.7
4.3
25
12GEM03315
8.7
8.4
5.7
20
12GEM03323
6.4
9.5
2.9
14
12GEM09118
4.3
9.7
7.1
27
12GEM04974
7.4
8.2
4.3
31
12GEM04975
4.6
8.6
5.4
27
12GEM04976
8.1
7.3
4.6
20
12GEM04977
5.7
6.7
4.6
25
6.4
7.8
5.5
29
7.1
6.7
4.9
20
Average
7.5
7.8
4.6
26
CV%
27.4
13.2
17.0
21
Zheng58
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
(local CK)
37
Table 6. Kernel type, kernel color and cob color of GEM materials evaluated in Beijing
Inventory
Kernel type
Kernel color
Cob color
03GEM80021
Dent
Yellow
Red
04GEM80022
Dent
Yellow
Red
04GEM80030
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
07GEM80031
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
07GEM80033
Dent
Yellow
Red
07GEM80035
Dent
Yellow
White
07GEM80042
Dent
Yellow
Red
07GEM80043
Dent
Yellow
White
08GEM80043
Flint
Yellow
Red
08GEM80044
Flint
Yellow
Red
08GEM80095
Dent
Yellow
Red
08GEM80097
Dent
Yellow
White
08GEM80102
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
08GEM80104
Dent
Yellow
White
08GEM80115
Dent
Yellow
Red
09GEM00165
Intermediate
Yellow
Red
09GEM08553
Dent
Yellow
Red
09GEM08555
Dent
Yellow
White
09GEM80059
Dent
Yellow
White
10GEM80001
Dent
Yellow
White
10GEM80069
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
10GEM80082
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
10GEM80091
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
10GEM80110
Dent
Yellow
Red
10GEM80111
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
10GEM80113
Dent
Yellow
Red
11GEM00704
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03390
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03391
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03393
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03394
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03395
Mostly flint
Yellow with red spot
White
12GEM03396
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03397
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03398
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03399
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03400
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03401
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03402
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03403
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03404
Dent
Yellow
Red
38
12GEM03964
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03965
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03967
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03968
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03969
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03970
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03972
Dent
Yellow、white
Red
12GEM03973
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03974
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03975
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03976
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03979
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03981
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03983
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03985
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03987
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03989
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03990
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03992
Dent
Yellow、white
Red
12GEM03993
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03994
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03995
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03996
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03997
Mostly dent
Yellow
White
12GEM09087
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM09088
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM09089
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM09090
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM09129
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM09130
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM09132
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80002
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80011
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80012
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80013
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80014
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80022
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80028
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80031
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80033
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80034
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80036
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM04470
39
12GEM80039
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80042
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM80043
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80044
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM80046
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80049
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM80056
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80058
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM80061
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80062
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM80064
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM80065
Mostly dent
Yellow
White
12GEM80066
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80067
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80071
Dent
Yellow、white
Red
12GEM80072
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM80073
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM80074
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
03GEM00111
Flint
Yellow
Red
03GEM00126
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
04GEM00776
Dent
Yellow
Red
07GEM02948
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
07GEM02951
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
08GEM05052
Dent
Yellow
Red
08GEM05053
Flint
Yellow
Red
09GEM07815
Dent
Yellow
Red
09GEM07816
Mostly dent
Yellow
Red
09GEM07817
Dent
Yellow
Red
09GEM07818
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
10GEM06839
Mostly flint
Yellow、white
Red
10GEM06840
Flint
Yellow
White
10GEM06842
Dent
Yellow
Red
10GEM06844
Dent
Yellow
Red
10GEM06845
Dent
Yellow
White
10GEM06846
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
11GEM06358
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
11GEM06361
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03032
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03033
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03036
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03038
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03039
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03042
Dent
Yellow
Red
40
12GEM03044
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03045
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03046
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03047
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03049
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03051
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03053
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03057
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03060
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03068
Dent
Orange
White
12GEM03069
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03071
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03074
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03078
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03079
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03082
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03084
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03085
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03087
Mostly dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03088
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03091
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03094
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03096
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03097
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03099
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03100
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03101
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03103
Flint
White
White
12GEM03104
Flint
White
White
12GEM03105
Dent
White
White
12GEM03106
Dent
White
White
12GEM03108
Dent
White
White
12GEM03111
Mostly dent
White
White
12GEM03112
Flint
White
White
12GEM03125
Dent
White
White
12GEM03126
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03127
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03131
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03133
Mostly dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03135
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03136
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03138
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03083
41
12GEM03140
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03141
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03142
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03143
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03144
Dent
Yellow with red spot
Red
12GEM03145
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03146
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03147
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03148
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03149
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03150
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03155
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03157
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03158
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03159
Mostly dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03160
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03161
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03162
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03163
Mostly dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03164
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03165
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03166
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03168
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03169
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
12GEM03173
Mostly dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03021
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03022
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03023
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03024
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03025
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03026
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03233
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM03241
Mostly flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03243
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03260
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM03315
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM03323
Flint
Yellow
Red
12GEM09118
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM04974
Dent
Yellow
White
12GEM04975
Flint
Yellow
White
12GEM04976
Dent
Yellow
Red
12GEM04977
Flint
Yellow
Red
Zheng58
Mostly flint
Yellow
White
42
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
Flint
(local CK)
Yellow
White
2) Evaluation of resistance to maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV)
Table 7 provides the MRDV resistance evaluation results of newly introduced GEM
materials. We also re-tested typical resistant materials which were described in the
previous report. According to the results of 2011 and 2012, nine special materials (one
without seed) were re-evaluated in 2013 (Table 8). Actually, the disease stress in 2013 is
not very high at the testing location.
Table 7. Results of MRDV resistance for new GEM materials in Laizhou
Infected plant
Total plants
Percentage of
Number
Number
infected plants (%)
12GEM03390
3
36
8.33
R
12GEM03391
7
31
22.58
S
12GEM03393
8
38
21.05
S
12GEM03394
8
36
22.22
S
12GEM03395
8
41
19.51
MR
12GEM03397
11
35
31.43
S
12GEM03398
7
44
15.91
MR
12GEM03399
4
35
11.43
MR
12GEM03400
5
34
14.71
MR
12GEM03401
9
31
29.03
S
12GEM03402
7
32
21.88
S
12GEM03403
2
28
7.14
R
12GEM03404
5
38
13.16
MR
12GEM03967
7
42
16.67
MR
12GEM03970
1
47
2.13
HR
12GEM03972
6
42
14.29
MR
12GEM03974
3
41
7.32
R
12GEM03975
6
41
14.63
MR
12GEM03976
4
44
9.09
R
12GEM03979
4
44
9.09
R
12GEM03981
7
49
14.29
MR
12GEM03985
6
24
25.00
S
12GEM03987
2
21
9.52
R
12GEM03989
3
35
8.57
R
12GEM03990
3
32
9.38
R
12GEM03992
6
28
21.43
S
12GEM03993
1
11
9.09
R
Inventory
Rank
43
12GEM03994
0
14
0.00
HR
12GEM03995
0
33
0.00
HR
12GEM03996
1
41
2.44
HR
12GEM03997
3
37
8.11
R
12GEM04470
4
38
10.53
MR
12GEM09087
2
20
10.00
R
12GEM09088
1
18
5.56
R
12GEM09089
0
14
0.00
HR
12GEM09090
0
17
0.00
HR
12GEM09129
0
12
0.00
HR
12GEM09130
4
18
22.22
S
12GEM09132
0
12
0.00
HR
12GEM80002
1
24
4.17
R
12GEM80011
1
24
4.17
R
12GEM80012
3
20
15.00
MR
12GEM80013
2
19
10.53
MR
12GEM80014
2
23
8.70
R
12GEM80022
2
21
9.52
R
12GEM80028
5
21
23.81
S
12GEM80031
3
24
12.50
MR
12GEM80033
0
18
0.00
HR
12GEM80034
3
20
15.00
MR
12GEM80036
0
20
0.00
HR
12GEM80039
1
15
6.67
R
12GEM80042
1
23
4.35
R
12GEM80043
4
29
13.79
MR
12GEM80044
0
41
0.00
HR
12GEM80046
6
36
16.67
MR
12GEM80049
9
40
22.50
S
12GEM80056
9
42
21.43
S
12GEM80058
3
39
7.69
R
12GEM80061
3
42
7.14
R
12GEM80062
6
40
15.00
MR
12GEM80064
2
22
9.09
R
12GEM80065
2
31
6.45
R
12GEM80066
2
30
6.67
R
12GEM80067
5
34
14.71
MR
12GEM80071
3
28
10.71
MR
12GEM80072
2
34
5.88
R
12GEM80073
5
38
13.16
MR
12GEM80074
5
38
13.16
MR
12GEM03021
1
15
6.67
R
12GEM03022
4
18
22.22
S
44
12GEM03023
0
33
0.00
HR
12GEM03024
1
19
5.26
R
12GEM03025
1
12
8.33
R
12GEM03026
1
9
11.11
MR
0
42
0.00
HR
2
27
7.41
R
7
60
11.67
MR
8
73
10.96
MR
Zun90110
(local CK)
Nongda178
(local CK)
Zheng58
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
(local CK)
Note: the resistant rank based on the percent of infected plant. HS: ≧40.0%; S: 20.0～40.0%; MR: 10.0～20.0%; R:
3.0～10.0%; HR: <3.0%.
45
Table 8. Results of MRDV resistance for resistant GEM materials in 2011, 2012 and 2013
2011
2012
Laizhou
Laizhou
2013
Taian
Feicheng
Jining
Laizhou
Inventory
Percentage
Percentage
Percentage
Resistance
of infected
Rank
of infected
Rank
Resistance
Rank
grade
plants (%)
Resistance
Rank
grade
Rank
of infected
Rank
grade
plants (%)
plants (%)
07GEM80035
0
HR
51.67
HS
5
MR
5
MR
10
HS
24
S
07GEM80031
6.3
R
53.33
HS
8
S
3
R
10
HS
7.14
R
03GEM00126
6.3
R
48.15
HS
10
HS
10
HS
10
HS
6.25
R
04GEM80030
7.1
R
76.56
HS
9
HS
9
HS
10
HS
16.67
MR
03GEM00110
8
R
42.86
HS
2
HR
3
R
10
HS
07GEM80033
8.3
R
71.19
HS
7
S
5
MR
9
HS
7.14
R
07GEM80042
8.7
R
81.48
HS
7
S
7
S
10
HS
25
S
07GEM80043
9.1
R
54.55
HS
4
R
6
MR
10
HS
3.23
R
03GEM00111
10
R
47.83
HS
8
S
6
MR
10
HS
0
HR
07GEM02939
13
MR
56.36
HS
5
MR
10
HS
10
HS
03GEM00065
16.7
MR
35.09
S
6
MR
6
MR
10
HS
07GEM80039
17.4
MR
76.6
HS
8
S
10
HS
10
HS
07GEM80040
17.6
MR
82.76
HS
8
S
10
HS
10
HS
07GEM80038
17.9
MR
86.89
HS
8
S
6
MR
9
HS
07GEM02919
21.7
S
41.94
HS
10
HS
10
HS
10
HS
07GEM80044
23.1
S
84.85
HS
7
S
9
HS
10
HS
03GEM00143
24
S
42.86
HS
7
S
7
S
10
HS
07GEM02959
24
S
56.52
HS
8
S
7
S
10
HS
07GEM02961
24
S
54.17
HS
9
HS
5
MR
10
HS
46
04GEM00779
25
S
58.62
HS
8
S
7
S
10
HS
04GEM00779
25
S
45.71
HS
2
HR
8
S
9
HS
07GEM02905
25
S
67.86
HS
5
MR
4
R
10
HS
03GEM00139
25
S
60
HS
7
S
5
MR
10
HS
23.3
S
52.63
HS
12.12
MR
Zheng58
(local CK)
Zun 90110
Note:
In 2011 and 2013, the resistant rank was based on the percentage of infected plant: HS: ≧40.0%; S: 20.0～40.0%; MR: 10.0～20.0%; R: 3.0～10.0%; HR: <3.0%.
In 2012, the resistant rank at other three sites,Taian, Feicheng and Jining, was based on resistance grade: HS: 9 and 10; S: 7 and 8; MR: 5 and 6; R: 3 and 4; HR: 1 and 2.
47
3) Evaluation of head smut and common smut resistance
Table 9 lists the results of resistance to head smut of seventy-four GEM materials.
Table 10 shows the results of their resistance to common smut. According to the results,
four high resistant GEM materials for head smut and twenty-two high resistant
materials for common smut were screened out, which could be used as the potential
disease resistant germplasm. According to results of 2012, thirteen good resistant
materials were also re-tested in 2013 (Table 11 and 12).
Table 9. Head smut resistance evaluation of GEM materials in Harbin
Inventory
No. of infected
Percentage of
plantss
infected plants (%)
Total no. of plants
Rank
12GEM03390
41
4
9.76
MR
12GEM03391
44
7
15.91
S
12GEM03393
37
1
2.70
R
12GEM03394
44
4
9.09
MR
12GEM03395
38
12
31.58
S
12GEM03397
28
1
3.57
R
12GEM03398
45
6
13.33
S
12GEM03399
38
8
21.05
S
12GEM03400
47
2
4.26
R
12GEM03401
36
4
11.11
S
12GEM03402
35
6
17.14
S
12GEM03403
36
6
16.67
S
12GEM03404
48
2
4.17
R
12GEM03967
34
8
23.53
S
12GEM03970
39
1
2.56
R
12GEM03972
30
3
10.00
MR
12GEM03974
48
17
35.42
S
12GEM03975
40
6
15.00
S
12GEM03976
41
1
2.44
R
12GEM03979
45
2
4.44
R
12GEM03981
44
4
9.09
MR
12GEM03985
45
8
17.78
S
12GEM03987
41
4
9.76
MR
12GEM03989
51
1
1.96
R
12GEM03990
47
6
12.77
S
12GEM03992
41
14
34.15
S
12GEM03993
41
2
4.88
R
12GEM03994
42
3
7.14
MR
12GEM03995
41
1
2.44
R
48
12GEM03996
44
5
11.36
S
12GEM03997
38
3
7.89
MR
12GEM04470
36
9
25.00
S
12GEM09087
35
2
5.71
MR
12GEM09088
25
2
8.00
MR
12GEM09089
34
5
14.71
S
12GEM09090
32
2
6.25
MR
12GEM09129
19
0
0.00
HR
12GEM09130
40
5
12.50
S
12GEM09132
45
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80002
46
11
23.91
S
12GEM80011
44
3
6.82
MR
12GEM80012
42
11
26.19
S
12GEM80013
37
9
24.32
S
12GEM80014
45
7
15.56
S
12GEM80022
42
1
2.38
R
12GEM80028
42
5
11.90
S
12GEM80031
35
13
37.14
S
12GEM80033
31
2
6.45
MR
12GEM80034
41
2
4.88
R
12GEM80036
37
2
5.41
MR
12GEM80039
31
2
6.45
MR
12GEM80042
37
3
8.11
MR
12GEM80043
34
2
5.88
MR
12GEM80044
46
2
4.35
R
12GEM80046
48
5
10.42
S
12GEM80049
43
7
16.28
S
12GEM80056
49
5
10.20
S
12GEM80058
48
12
25.00
S
12GEM80061
43
16
37.21
S
12GEM80062
37
5
13.51
S
12GEM80064
47
6
12.77
S
12GEM80065
40
5
12.50
S
12GEM80066
39
14
35.90
S
12GEM80067
44
4
9.09
MR
12GEM80071
36
5
13.89
S
12GEM80072
37
6
16.22
S
12GEM80073
40
3
7.50
MR
12GEM80074
47
4
8.51
MR
12GEM03021
36
13
36.11
S
12GEM03022
41
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03023
42
1
2.38
R
12GEM03024
42
24
57.14
HS
49
12GEM03025
42
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03026
36
11
30.56
S
Mo17(local CK)
68
2
2.94
R
18
13
72.22
HS
Huangzaosi
(local CK)
Note: The resistant rank was based on the percentage of infected plants. HS: ≧40.0%; S: 10.0～40.0%; MR: 5.0～
10.0%; R: 1.0～5.0%; HR: <1.0%
Table 10. Common smut resistance evaluation of GEM materials in Harbin
Inventory
No. of infected
Percentage of
plantss
infected plants (%)
Total no. of plants
Rank
12GEM03390
41
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03391
44
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03393
37
1
2.70
R
12GEM03394
44
2
4.55
R
12GEM03395
38
2
5.26
MR
12GEM03397
28
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03398
45
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03399
38
4
10.53
S
12GEM03400
47
2
4.26
R
12GEM03401
36
1
2.78
R
12GEM03402
35
2
5.71
MR
12GEM03403
36
3
8.33
MR
12GEM03404
48
2
4.17
R
12GEM03967
34
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03970
39
2
5.13
MR
12GEM03972
30
1
3.33
R
12GEM03974
48
1
2.08
R
12GEM03975
40
7
17.50
S
12GEM03976
41
5
12.20
S
12GEM03979
45
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03981
44
2
4.55
R
12GEM03985
45
1
2.22
R
12GEM03987
41
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03989
51
1
1.96
R
12GEM03990
47
3
6.38
MR
12GEM03992
41
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03993
41
5
12.20
S
12GEM03994
42
4
9.52
MR
12GEM03995
41
1
2.44
R
12GEM03996
44
5
11.36
S
12GEM03997
38
1
2.63
R
12GEM04470
36
0
0.00
HR
50
12GEM09087
35
3
8.57
MR
12GEM09088
25
2
8.00
MR
12GEM09089
34
4
11.76
S
12GEM09090
32
0
0.00
HR
12GEM09129
19
0
0.00
HR
12GEM09130
40
2
5.00
R
12GEM09132
45
11
24.44
S
12GEM80002
46
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80011
44
6
13.64
S
12GEM80012
42
3
7.14
MR
12GEM80013
37
3
8.11
MR
12GEM80014
45
6
13.33
S
12GEM80022
42
10
23.81
S
12GEM80028
42
1
2.38
R
12GEM80031
35
1
2.86
R
12GEM80033
31
1
3.23
R
12GEM80034
41
1
2.44
R
12GEM80036
37
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80039
31
2
6.45
MR
12GEM80042
37
2
5.41
MR
12GEM80043
34
4
11.76
S
12GEM80044
46
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80046
48
3
6.25
MR
12GEM80049
43
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80056
49
5
10.20
S
12GEM80058
48
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80061
43
3
6.98
MR
12GEM80062
37
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80064
47
3
6.38
MR
12GEM80065
40
1
2.50
R
12GEM80066
39
1
2.56
R
12GEM80067
44
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80071
36
3
8.33
MR
12GEM80072
37
1
2.70
R
12GEM80073
40
5
12.50
S
12GEM80074
47
5
10.64
S
12GEM03021
36
3
8.33
MR
12GEM03022
41
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03023
42
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03024
42
1
2.38
R
12GEM03025
42
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03026
36
0
0.00
HR
Mo17(local CK)
68
0
0.00
HR
51
Huangzaosi
18
0
0.00
HR
(local CK)
Note: the resistant rank based on the percent of infected plant. HS: ≧40.0%; S: 10.0～40.0%; MR: 5.0～10.0%; R: 1.0～
5.0%; HR: <1.0%
Table 11. Results of head smut resistance evaluation of some potential materials in
2012 and 2013
2012
Inventory
2013
Percentage of infected plants
Percentage of infected plants
Rank
(%)
Rank
(%)
08GEM80043
1.92
R
7.89
MR
08GEM80044
6.38
MR
16.13
S
09GEM80059
0
HR
46.15
HS
10GEM80110
1.82
R
5.26
MR
10GEM80111
0
HR
2.13
R
10GEM80113
0
HR
12.90
S
08GEM05052
1.85
R
2.08
R
08GEM05053
1.96
R
7.32
MR
09GEM07815
1.96
R
2.50
R
10GEM06839
0
HR
19.05
S
10GEM06840
4.26
R
20.83
S
10GEM06842
3.64
R
2.38
R
10GEM06846
4.26
R
2.86
R
Note:The resistant rank was based on the percentage of infected plants. HS: ≧40.0%; S: 10.0～40.0%; MR: 5.0～10.0%;
R: 1.0～5.0%; HR: <1.0%
Table 12. Results of common smut resistance evaluation of some potential materials
in 2012 and 2013
2012
Inventory
2013
Percentage of infected plants
Percentage of infected plants
Rank
(%)
Rank
(%)
08GEM80043
1.92
R
0.00
HR
08GEM80044
0
HR
0.00
HR
09GEM80059
4.08
R
7.69
MR
10GEM80110
0
HR
0.00
HR
10GEM80111
0
HR
0.00
HR
10GEM80113
3.64
R
0.00
HR
08GEM05052
0
HR
8.33
MR
08GEM05053
0
HR
2.44
R
09GEM07815
0
HR
2.50
R
10GEM06839
0
HR
0.00
HR
10GEM06840
0
HR
6.25
MR
10GEM06842
0
HR
2.38
R
10GEM06846
2.13
R
0.00
HR
52
Note: The resistant rank based on the percentage of infected plants. HS: ≧40.0%; S: 10.0～40.0%; MR: 5.0～10.0%; R:
1.0～5.0%; HR: <1.0%
4) Evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance
In order to evaluate the low nitrogen tolerance of the 74 accessions of GEM
materials, we measured a few related traits, including low nitrogen tolerance indexes of
ear length, length of filling ears, ear diameter, cob diameter, kernel row number, kernel
number per row, biomass, grain weight, percentage of kernel weight in ear weight,
kernel weight per hundred, leaf area, plant height and ear height by comparison of low
and normal nitrogen condition. The results of new GEM materials is showed in Table 13.
According to the results, there were 50 accessions showing higher low nitrogen
tolerance. Table 14 shows the results of fourteen re-testing GEM materials.
53
Table 13. Low nitrogen tolerance evaluation of new GEM materials in Yangling
Index of
Index of
Index of
Index of
Index of
ear
ear
diameter
Index of
kernel
kernel
Index of
row
number
biomass
number
per row
cob
of filling
length
Index of
Index of
length
Inventory
Index of
Index
Index of
Index
of leaf
plant
of ear
area
height
height
Kernel
grain
diameter
ears
percentage
of kernel
Rank
weight per
weight
weight in ear
hundred
weight
12GEM03390
0.98
0.98
0.96
1.00
1.01
1.00
0.64
0.93
1.03
0.82
0.88
0.87
1.01
R
12GEM03391
0.98
0.97
0.95
0.95
0.94
1.00
0.75
0.81
1.00
0.88
0.91
1.02
0.99
R
12GEM03393
0.93
0.88
0.97
1.02
1.00
0.88
0.83
0.90
0.99
0.91
0.88
0.98
0.81
R
12GEM03394
0.90
0.87
1.00
0.96
1.05
0.86
0.83
0.85
0.99
0.92
0.86
0.91
0.86
R
12GEM03395
0.97
0.96
0.99
0.99
0.99
0.96
0.89
0.76
1.01
0.99
0.90
0.91
0.96
R
12GEM03397
0.87
0.87
0.97
0.96
0.99
0.88
0.78
0.75
1.00
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.89
R
12GEM03398
0.89
0.88
0.96
0.96
0.90
0.88
0.88
1.00
1.01
0.95
0.82
0.97
0.99
R
12GEM03399
0.99
0.98
0.95
0.95
0.98
0.92
0.91
0.69
0.96
0.83
0.90
0.96
0.92
R
12GEM03400
0.97
0.91
0.92
0.98
0.95
0.86
0.81
0.94
1.00
0.94
1.05
0.90
0.95
R
12GEM03401
0.97
0.95
0.97
0.96
1.03
1.00
0.82
1.05
1.00
0.90
0.82
0.92
0.85
R
12GEM03402
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
1.03
0.95
0.72
0.95
1.00
0.92
0.97
0.89
0.89
R
12GEM03403
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
1.02
0.97
0.92
0.85
1.00
0.83
0.98
1.01
1.03
HR
12GEM03404
0.96
0.96
1.00
1.02
0.96
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.99
0.97
1.01
1.02
1.09
HR
12GEM03967
0.98
0.94
1.00
0.90
0.97
1.01
0.86
0.83
1.01
0.91
0.95
0.98
0.99
HR
12GEM03970
0.93
0.93
0.96
1.01
1.00
0.93
0.83
0.96
0.99
0.95
0.96
0.97
1.10
HR
12GEM03972
0.97
0.96
0.99
0.98
1.01
1.01
0.80
0.81
1.00
0.86
0.69
0.92
0.90
R
12GEM03974
0.94
0.93
0.96
0.96
1.01
0.85
0.90
0.88
1.01
0.87
1.10
0.96
1.01
HR
12GEM03975
0.98
0.96
0.97
0.97
0.97
1.02
0.90
0.84
1.00
0.91
0.96
0.95
0.98
HR
12GEM03976
0.97
0.98
1.03
1.00
1.04
1.01
1.30
0.94
1.01
0.82
1.00
0.99
0.99
HR
12GEM03979
1.06
1.05
0.96
0.98
1.02
1.08
0.83
0.79
0.97
0.93
1.01
0.92
1.07
HR
54
12GEM03981
0.88
0.88
0.97
0.97
1.00
0.89
0.58
0.84
1.00
0.88
0.89
0.88
0.95
R
12GEM03985
0.90
0.93
0.98
0.95
0.95
0.98
0.98
0.80
1.01
0.90
0.96
0.99
1.03
HR
12GEM03987
0.95
0.93
0.98
0.99
0.96
0.95
0.94
0.94
0.98
0.91
0.91
0.97
0.98
HR
12GEM03989
0.98
0.95
1.00
1.01
0.99
0.93
0.95
0.94
1.00
0.86
0.90
0.96
1.10
HR
12GEM03990
0.96
0.97
0.96
0.87
1.04
0.95
0.82
0.89
1.00
0.84
0.89
1.02
1.13
HR
12GEM03992
1.00
0.99
1.00
0.97
1.00
0.99
1.00
0.93
0.86
0.95
0.90
0.95
0.91
HR
12GEM03993
1.05
0.99
1.03
0.99
0.98
1.09
1.00
0.99
1.02
0.90
1.13
1.09
1.08
HR
12GEM03994
1.01
0.97
1.00
0.99
1.04
1.08
1.04
1.04
1.03
0.99
1.06
0.96
0.89
HR
12GEM03995
0.98
0.95
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.94
0.94
0.82
1.01
0.89
0.91
0.97
1.13
HR
12GEM03996
0.92
0.94
0.97
1.02
1.02
0.94
0.95
0.93
1.00
0.86
0.95
0.94
0.80
R
12GEM03997
0.91
0.91
0.98
1.01
1.03
0.89
1.01
0.86
0.99
0.88
0.99
0.96
1.09
HR
12GEM04470
0.94
0.92
0.97
1.00
0.94
0.95
0.82
0.98
1.00
1.04
0.96
0.92
0.99
HR
12GEM09087
1.03
0.97
1.04
1.01
1.03
1.02
0.72
0.95
1.01
0.97
0.87
0.94
0.95
HR
12GEM09088
1.00
0.95
0.97
0.99
0.96
0.90
0.67
1.06
0.97
0.91
0.98
0.54
1.13
R
12GEM09089
0.97
0.97
1.12
0.97
0.97
0.89
1.09
0.96
1.00
1.07
0.78
0.94
0.84
HR
12GEM09090
1.02
0.99
1.06
0.96
1.00
1.06
0.86
1.18
1.04
1.01
1.07
1.03
1.06
HR
12GEM09129
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.99
0.92
0.95
1.04
0.95
1.00
0.91
0.98
0.94
0.88
HR
12GEM09130
0.94
0.93
1.01
1.01
1.04
0.93
0.87
0.90
0.99
0.90
0.98
1.01
1.07
HR
12GEM09132
0.98
0.95
0.94
1.01
1.03
0.93
0.96
0.89
0.98
0.88
0.82
0.93
0.95
R
12GEM80002
1.00
0.97
0.94
0.97
1.00
1.08
0.56
0.80
1.02
0.78
0.88
1.02
0.92
R
12GEM80011
0.95
0.94
0.95
0.89
0.95
0.93
0.79
0.83
0.99
0.94
0.98
0.99
1.04
R
12GEM80012
0.87
0.90
0.98
0.96
0.96
0.85
0.84
0.83
0.99
0.91
0.97
0.92
0.91
R
12GEM80013
0.95
0.95
1.00
1.00
1.08
0.97
0.80
0.90
1.00
0.80
0.96
0.95
1.14
HR
12GEM80014
0.96
0.92
0.98
1.00
1.00
0.88
0.95
0.89
1.00
0.90
0.98
0.97
0.97
HR
12GEM80022
0.94
0.98
0.93
0.97
0.95
0.98
0.84
0.80
0.99
0.82
0.98
0.96
0.93
R
12GEM80028
0.93
0.96
0.95
0.98
0.95
0.95
0.78
0.83
0.98
0.92
0.97
0.93
0.94
R
55
12GEM80031
0.94
0.96
1.00
1.03
0.99
0.93
0.77
0.99
1.00
1.00
0.90
0.99
0.99
HR
12GEM80033
0.94
0.96
0.95
0.92
0.93
0.99
0.85
0.80
1.01
0.82
0.93
0.96
0.90
R
12GEM80034
0.98
0.97
0.89
0.99
0.99
0.98
0.94
0.98
1.03
0.98
1.07
1.01
1.03
HR
12GEM80036
1.00
0.96
1.02
0.97
0.94
1.05
1.02
1.11
1.00
0.96
1.52
0.95
0.93
HR
12GEM80039
0.96
0.98
0.84
0.99
0.96
1.00
0.82
0.95
1.01
0.93
1.04
1.07
1.07
HR
12GEM80042
0.90
0.94
0.95
0.99
0.94
0.92
0.96
0.83
0.98
0.88
0.90
0.96
0.88
R
12GEM80043
0.94
0.95
0.99
0.97
0.99
0.89
0.85
0.84
1.00
0.86
0.99
0.96
1.00
R
12GEM80044
0.96
0.98
0.98
1.01
0.97
0.98
0.81
0.85
1.00
0.87
0.84
0.97
1.03
R
12GEM80046
0.97
0.97
1.00
1.03
1.04
0.99
0.79
1.03
1.03
0.89
0.97
0.97
0.91
HR
12GEM80049
0.94
0.92
1.00
1.01
0.97
1.00
0.94
0.90
1.00
0.98
0.82
1.01
1.03
HR
12GEM80056
1.00
0.97
1.00
0.97
1.04
0.96
0.81
0.83
1.00
0.85
0.99
0.97
1.06
HR
12GEM80058
0.97
0.98
1.03
1.03
1.00
0.93
1.04
0.87
0.99
0.90
1.00
1.05
0.98
HR
12GEM80061
1.01
1.01
1.01
0.99
1.02
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.00
1.00
1.04
1.03
1.07
HR
12GEM80062
0.98
0.99
0.98
0.98
0.98
1.02
0.87
0.87
1.02
0.94
0.93
0.98
0.94
HR
12GEM80064
0.98
0.96
0.98
0.97
1.02
0.95
0.85
0.93
1.00
0.86
1.02
0.95
0.93
HR
12GEM80065
0.94
0.90
0.95
0.96
0.96
0.91
0.85
0.80
1.00
0.91
0.91
1.00
1.00
R
12GEM80066
0.88
0.90
0.97
0.96
0.96
0.92
0.94
0.86
1.00
0.92
0.95
1.00
0.98
R
12GEM80067
0.95
0.95
0.91
0.94
0.91
0.71
0.80
0.82
1.01
0.79
0.89
0.99
1.01
R
12GEM80071
1.03
1.00
0.99
0.98
0.93
1.04
1.06
1.05
0.98
1.02
1.04
1.01
0.94
HR
12GEM80072
0.95
0.94
0.97
0.97
0.94
1.02
0.95
0.89
0.98
0.96
0.89
0.98
0.87
HR
12GEM80073
0.96
0.94
1.02
1.04
1.05
0.95
1.02
0.96
1.00
0.90
0.94
1.02
0.99
HR
12GEM80074
0.93
0.89
0.95
1.01
0.95
0.84
0.88
0.80
1.00
0.95
0.89
0.99
1.00
R
12GEM03021
0.94
0.95
1.00
0.98
1.06
0.96
0.88
0.81
0.99
0.86
0.93
0.96
0.98
HR
12GEM03022
0.96
0.98
0.97
0.94
0.95
0.98
0.90
0.95
1.02
0.94
0.90
0.95
0.88
HR
12GEM03023
0.98
0.98
0.95
0.99
0.87
1.01
0.91
0.92
0.97
0.88
0.95
0.97
0.97
HR
12GEM03024
1.00
0.99
0.99
0.97
0.94
1.03
0.91
0.86
1.01
0.88
1.01
0.86
0.98
HR
56
12GEM03025
0.85
0.85
0.97
0.93
0.96
0.79
0.98
0.82
0.93
0.89
0.94
0.97
R
12GEM03026
0.79
0.77
0.86
0.90
0.79
0.70
0.61
0.91
0.90
0.82
0.79
0.77
MR
Mo17(local CK)
1.03
1.00
1.00
0.98
1.01
0.89
0.92
0.82
1.03
1.05
0.85
0.96
0.98
HR
B37(local CK)
1.08
1.00
1.04
0.92
0.94
0.93
0.89
0.54
1.28
1.06
0.87
0.91
0.93
HR
0.96
0.90
1.02
0.97
1.00
0.94
1.04
0.96
1.00
1.19
0.88
0.92
0.80
HR
0.97
0.96
0.95
0.94
1.00
0.89
1.00
0.77
1.00
1.16
0.89
0.96
1.03
HR
Zheng58
(local CK)
Huangzaosi
(local CK)
Note: The low nitrogen tolerance was based on three tolerance indices. For the smalllest vaule of the three indices, HS: <0.65; S: 0.65～0.74; MR:0.75～0.84; R: 0.85～0.94; HR: <0.95.
57
Table 14. Results of low nitrogen tolerance for GEM materials in both 2012 and 2013
2012
Inventory
2013
Index of
Index of ear
Index of kernel
biomass
weight per plant
weight per plant
08GEM80044
1.22
1.02
08GEM80095
1.1
08GEM80097
Rank
Rank
1.02
HR
HR
1.42
1.45
HR
HR
1.19
1.06
1.09
HR
R
08GEM80102
1.03
1.07
1.07
HR
R
08GEM80104
1.02
1.01
1.05
HR
HR
09GEM00165
1.19
1.25
1.24
HR
HR
09GEM08553
1.01
1.15
1.16
HR
HR
09GEM08555
1.03
1.07
1.06
HR
R
10GEM80001
1.2
1.11
1.1
HR
R
10GEM80069
1.13
1.2
1.21
HR
HR
10GEM80082
1
1.12
1.13
HR
R
10GEM80110
1.1
1.03
1.04
HR
HR
10GEM80111
1.17
1.28
1.32
HR
R
10GEM80113
1.03
1.05
1.08
HR
R
Note: The low nitrogen tolerance was based on three tolerance indices. For the smalllest vaule of the three indices, HS:
<0.65; S: 0.65～0.74; MR:0.75～0.84; R: 0.85～0.94; HR: <0.95.
5) Evaluation of drought tolerance
Table 15 presents the drought resistance evaluation results based on drought
tolerances coefficient and drought tolerance index. According to the results, 12
accessions appeared high drought tolerance. Considering the complexity of drought
tolerance of maize, the GEM materials should be evaluated more intensively. Table 16
shows the results of 16 re-testing materials.
Table 15. Drought tolerance evaluation of GEM materials in Urumqi
Drought
Grain yield per plot Drought tolerance
Inventory Rank
tolerance
index
Well-watered Water-limited
12GEM03390
957.85
251.35
0.26
0.98
MR
12GEM03391
702.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
HS
12GEM03393
819.55
96.55
0.12
0.44
S
12GEM03394
677.35
12.90
0.02
0.07
HS
12GEM03395
1080.65
344.20
0.32
1.19
MR
12GEM03397
880.95
202.15
0.23
0.86
MR
12GEM03398
1011.10
167.30
0.17
0.62
S
12GEM03399
899.90
30.60
0.03
0.13
HS
12GEM03400
957.65
133.05
0.14
0.52
S
coefficient
58
12GEM03401
1130.30
239.30
0.21
0.79
S
12GEM03402
994.05
6.50
0.01
0.02
HS
12GEM03403
1473.80
252.10
0.17
0.64
S
12GEM03404
1458.40
16.00
0.01
0.04
HS
12GEM03967
1946.70
549.45
0.28
1.05
MR
12GEM03970
2000.85
395.55
0.20
0.74
S
12GEM03972
1673.55
676.85
0.40
1.51
R
12GEM03974
1617.85
103.60
0.06
0.24
HS
12GEM03975
1934.00
258.25
0.13
0.50
S
12GEM03976
1806.00
143.75
0.08
0.30
HS
12GEM03979
1652.60
595.90
0.36
1.35
R
12GEM03981
1636.90
223.75
0.14
0.51
S
12GEM03985
1307.80
225.30
0.17
0.64
S
12GEM03987
1280.75
29.80
0.02
0.09
HS
12GEM03989
1728.00
231.50
0.13
0.50
S
12GEM03990
1586.40
538.55
0.34
1.27
MR
12GEM03992
1364.45
347.35
0.25
0.95
MR
12GEM03993
1168.85
230.80
0.20
0.74
S
12GEM03994
1665.90
300.85
0.18
0.67
S
12GEM03995
1611.55
427.75
0.27
0.99
MR
12GEM03996
1737.05
889.80
0.51
1.91
HR
12GEM03997
1672.55
1296.10
0.77
2.89
HR
12GEM04470
1716.30
590.20
0.34
1.28
MR
12GEM09087
1001.15
690.10
0.69
2.57
HR
12GEM09088
839.30
209.10
0.25
0.93
MR
12GEM09089
859.60
604.20
0.70
2.62
HR
12GEM09090
856.95
486.80
0.57
2.12
HR
12GEM09129
1536.65
489.45
0.32
1.19
MR
12GEM09130
1413.10
458.90
0.32
1.21
MR
12GEM09132
1523.20
336.25
0.22
0.82
S
12GEM80002
1022.00
463.20
0.45
1.69
R
12GEM80011
1764.25
1186.45
0.67
2.51
HR
12GEM80012
1815.25
617.70
0.34
1.27
MR
12GEM80013
1808.85
1371.50
0.76
2.83
HR
12GEM80014
2033.65
1484.70
0.73
2.72
HR
12GEM80022
1358.05
681.00
0.50
1.87
HR
12GEM80028
1754.85
628.25
0.36
1.34
R
12GEM80031
1925.75
891.80
0.46
1.73
R
12GEM80033
1471.85
480.40
0.33
1.22
MR
12GEM80034
1239.75
613.95
0.50
1.85
HR
12GEM80036
1547.75
925.40
0.60
2.23
HR
12GEM80039
1633.60
443.50
0.27
1.01
MR
12GEM80042
1731.00
1056.15
0.61
2.28
HR
59
12GEM80043
1734.45
233.15
0.13
0.50
S
12GEM80044
2003.10
410.35
0.20
0.76
S
12GEM80046
1337.75
177.35
0.13
0.49
S
12GEM80049
1641.95
480.90
0.29
1.09
MR
12GEM80056
1607.00
627.85
0.39
1.46
R
12GEM80058
1111.15
224.20
0.20
0.75
S
12GEM80061
1192.45
206.40
0.17
0.65
S
12GEM80062
1251.90
77.45
0.06
0.23
HS
12GEM80064
1304.20
80.60
0.06
0.23
HS
12GEM80065
1323.40
3.45
0.00
0.01
HS
12GEM80066
1317.25
106.30
0.08
0.30
HS
12GEM80067
1143.10
140.20
0.12
0.46
S
12GEM80071
1259.05
126.95
0.10
0.38
S
12GEM80072
1038.60
129.00
0.12
0.46
S
12GEM80073
1186.35
35.65
0.03
0.11
HS
12GEM80074
1224.15
24.75
0.02
0.08
HS
12GEM03021
776.45
22.65
0.03
0.11
HS
12GEM03022
518.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
HS
12GEM03023
701.25
81.25
0.12
0.43
S
12GEM03024
608.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
HS
12GEM03025
801.95
146.75
0.18
0.68
S
12GEM03026
822.35
170.90
0.21
0.78
S
Zheng58(local ck)
740.50
278.40
0.38
1.40
R
Han21(local ck)
824.07
221.93
0.27
1.00
MR
Huangzaosi(local ck)
493.17
246.70
0.50
1.87
HR
Note: The resistant rank was based on the drought tolerance index. HS: <0.35 ;S: 0.36～0.84; MR: 0.85～1.30; R: 1.31～
1.8; HR: >1.8.
Table 16. Results of drought tolerance for re-testing GEM materials in 2012 and 2013
2012 2013 Inventory Drought
Drought
Drought tolerance
tolerance
Drought tolerance
Rank
tolerance
index
coefficient
Rank
index
coefficient
08GEM80043
0.84
1.64
R
0.03
0.09
HS
08GEM80095
0.69
1.35
R
0.43
1.60
R
08GEM80115
0.84
1.63
R
0.30
1.11
MR
09GEM08553
0.67
1.31
R
0.50
1.86
HR
10GEM80001
0.78
1.51
R
0.12
0.46
S
10GEM80082
0.7
1.36
R
0.18
0.67
S
10GEM80091
0.69
1.35
R
0.24
0.90
MR
11GEM00704
0.72
1.4
R
0.00
0.00
HS
08GEM05053
0.69
1.35
R
0.00
0.00
HS
09GEM07816
0.71
1.38
R
0.12
0.46
S
60
09GEM07817
0.67
1.31
R
0.06
0.21
HS
09GEM07818
0.8
1.56
R
0.25
0.95
MR
10GEM06844
0.74
1.44
R
0.14
0.50
S
10GEM06845
0.69
1.35
R
0.16
0.59
S
11GEM06358
0.81
1.59
R
0.00
0.00
HS
11GEM06361
0.8
1.56
R
0.00
0.00
HS
Note: The resistant rank was based on the drought tolerance index. HS: <0.35 ;S: 0.36～0.84; MR: 0.85～1.30; R: 1.31～
1.8; HR: >1.8.
6) Evaluation of stalk rot spp.resistance
Based on the results of 2009 and 2010, fifteen resistant accessions were selected
and re-scored on stalk rot resistance in Beijing in 2012. In 2013, five GEM materials of
them were selected to be evaluated once more. The stalk rot resistance scores were
showed in Table 17. It could be found that there were good consistency among the years
of 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013. These GEM materials might be valuable to the
improvement of stalk rot resistance. In addition, the stalk rot resistance of the
seventy-four new lines was also scored under the condition of Fusarium & Pythium spp.
inoculation in 2013 (Table 18). Finally, 11 high resistant accessions, 10 resistant
accessions and 30 modest resistant accessions were identified.
Table 17. Stalk rot resistance scoring under inoculation of Fusarium &Pythium spp.
in 2009, 2010, 2012, and 2013
In 2009
Inventory
In 2010
Percentage
of infected
Percentage
Rank
plants (%)
In 2012
of infected
In 2013
Percentage
Rank
plants (%)
of infected
Percentage
Rank
plants (%)
02GEM80058
51.3
HS
03GEM00067
12.5
MR
0
HR
03GEM00120
26.4
MR
22.2
MR
03GEM00221
2.3
HR
30
MR
03GEM00224
23.4
MR
03GEM00231
43.4
HS
03GEM00244
4.8
HR
0
03GEM00473
28.9
MR
03GEM00621
63.3
HS
03GEM80013
14
MR
03GEM80021
8.7
04GEM00257
04GEM00773
Rank
plants (%)
17.39
MR
HR
17.39
MR
0
HR
4.76
R
R
9.1
R
0
HR
0
HR
0
HR
33.33
S
0
HR
0
HR
10.53
MR
61
of infected
25.00
MR
04GEM00776
11.5
MR
0
HR
0
HR
11.11
MR
04GEM00779
27.4
MR
04GEM80012
85.2
HS
04GEM80016
41.9
HS
04GEM80018
26.4
MR
04GEM80020
46.3
HS
04GEM80022
11.6
MR
8.3
R
0
HR
4.35
HR
04GEM80028
18.9
MR
8.3
R
4.76
R
04GEM80032
74.1
HS
04GEM80034
30.1
S
04GEM80036
67
HS
07GEM02534
60
HS
07GEM02536
0
HR
8.3
R
22.22
MR
07GEM02554
5
R
0
HR
14.29
MR
07GEM02582
36.8
S
07GEM02642
57.7
HS
07GEM02651
45.5
HS
07GEM02654
4.3
HR
0
HR
4.76
R
07GEM02655
84
HS
07GEM02905
14.9
MR
0
HR
23.53
MR
07GEM02911
38.8
S
07GEM02940
35.4
S
07GEM02948
2.2
HR
0
HR
7.14
R
13.04
MR
07GEM02951
0
HR
0
HR
9.52
R
20.00
MR
07GEM02954
7.7
R
33.3
S
07GEM80035
35.7
S
07GEM80038
69.6
HS
07GEM80041
36.8
S
07TPX0012
85.1
HS
07TPX0016
55.5
HS
07TPX0017
41.8
HS
07TPX0020
54.5
HS
07TPX0021
47.9
HS
07TPX0022
39.6
S
07TPX0025
38.7
S
07TPX0026
18.3
MR
07TPX0027
77.1
HS
Huangzaosi
67.4
HS
75
HS
50
HS
96.97
HS
Song1145
2.1
HR
0
HR
0
HR
0.00
HR
Note: The resistant rank was based on the percentage of infected plants. HS: 40.1～100%; S: 30.1～40%;
MR: 10.1～30%; R: 5.1～10%; HR: <5%.
62
Table 18. Stalk rot resistance scoring for new GEM materials under inoculation of
Fusarium &Pythium spp. in Beijing
Inventory
No. of infected
Percentage of
plant
infected plants (%)
Total nol of plants
Rank
12GEM03390
23
7
30.43
S
12GEM03391
24
3
12.50
MR
12GEM03393
23
4
17.39
MR
12GEM03394
22
5
22.73
MR
12GEM03395
20
3
15.00
MR
12GEM03397
23
8
34.78
S
12GEM03398
23
5
21.74
MR
12GEM03399
23
7
30.43
S
12GEM03400
23
3
13.04
MR
12GEM03401
25
3
12.00
MR
12GEM03402
23
11
47.83
HS
12GEM03403
24
6
25.00
MR
12GEM03404
23
2
8.70
R
12GEM03967
24
6
25.00
MR
12GEM03970
25
8
32.00
S
12GEM03972
24
10
41.67
HS
12GEM03974
23
4
17.39
MR
12GEM03975
24
3
12.50
MR
12GEM03976
24
8
33.33
S
12GEM03979
24
7
29.17
MR
12GEM03981
23
5
21.74
MR
12GEM03985
24
2
8.33
R
12GEM03987
24
1
4.17
HR
12GEM03989
24
11
45.83
HS
12GEM03990
24
8
33.33
S
12GEM03992
24
4
16.67
MR
12GEM03993
23
2
8.70
R
12GEM03994
22
1
4.55
HR
12GEM03995
24
8
33.33
S
12GEM03996
23
5
21.74
MR
12GEM03997
23
3
13.04
MR
12GEM04470
23
10
43.48
HS
12GEM09087
20
6
30.00
MR
12GEM09088
19
1
5.26
R
12GEM09089
23
5
21.74
MR
12GEM09090
23
1
4.35
HR
12GEM09129
20
1
5.00
HR
12GEM09130
21
8
38.10
S
12GEM09132
22
6
27.27
MR
63
12GEM80002
22
18
81.82
HS
12GEM80011
24
3
12.50
MR
12GEM80012
23
2
8.70
R
12GEM80013
24
3
12.50
MR
12GEM80014
24
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80022
22
1
4.55
HR
12GEM80028
23
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80031
22
2
9.09
R
12GEM80033
22
13
59.09
HS
12GEM80034
22
5
22.73
MR
12GEM80036
23
0
0.00
HR
12GEM80039
21
3
14.29
MR
12GEM80042
24
12
50.00
HS
12GEM80043
23
9
39.13
S
12GEM80044
24
6
25.00
MR
12GEM80046
24
8
33.33
S
12GEM80049
24
8
33.33
S
12GEM80056
25
2
8.00
R
12GEM80058
24
12
50.00
HS
12GEM80061
23
3
13.04
MR
12GEM80062
22
2
9.09
R
12GEM80064
24
4
16.67
MR
12GEM80065
20
7
35.00
S
12GEM80066
23
4
17.39
MR
12GEM80067
23
8
34.78
S
12GEM80071
23
3
13.04
MR
12GEM80072
22
7
31.82
S
12GEM80073
23
1
4.35
HR
12GEM80074
21
2
9.52
R
12GEM03021
23
3
13.04
MR
12GEM03022
22
1
4.55
HR
12GEM03023
24
0
0.00
HR
12GEM03024
21
2
9.52
R
12GEM03025
22
10
45.45
HS
12GEM03026
24
4
16.67
MR
Huangzaosi
31
0
0.00
HR
Song1145
33
32
96.97
HS
Note: the resistant rank based on the percent of infected plant. HS: 40.1～100%; S: 30.1～40%; MR:
10.1～30%; R: 5.1～10%; HR: <5%. (Song1145 as the resistant CK. Huangzaosi as the susceptible CK.)
7) Evaluation of northern leaf blight (NLB) resistance
Table 19 shows the results of resistance to northern leaf blight of 74 accessions
64
under natural conditions. According to the results, 35 accessions appeared good NLB
resistance.
Table 19. Northern leaf blight resistance evaluation of GEM materials in Dandong
Inventory
Resistance scoring
Rank
12GEM03390
7
S
12GEM03391
6
MR
12GEM03393
4
R
12GEM03394
6
MR
12GEM03395
8
S
12GEM03397
8
S
12GEM03398
7
S
12GEM03399
7
S
12GEM03400
3
R
12GEM03401
3
R
12GEM03402
4
R
12GEM03403
5
MR
12GEM03404
6
MR
12GEM03967
4
R
12GEM03970
6
MR
12GEM03972
7
S
12GEM03974
4
R
12GEM03975
3
R
12GEM03976
4
R
12GEM03979
3
R
12GEM03981
3
R
12GEM03985
4
R
12GEM03987
6
MR
12GEM03989
6
MR
12GEM03990
6
MR
12GEM03992
4
R
12GEM03993
3
R
12GEM03994
5
MR
12GEM03995
6
MR
12GEM03996
7
S
12GEM03997
3
R
12GEM04470
3
R
12GEM09087
5
MR
12GEM09088
4
R
12GEM09089
4
R
12GEM09090
7
S
12GEM09129
6
MR
65
12GEM09130
5
MR
12GEM09132
6
MR
12GEM80002
8
S
12GEM80011
5
MR
12GEM80012
3
R
12GEM80013
3
R
12GEM80014
3
R
12GEM80022
3
R
12GEM80028
3
R
12GEM80031
3
R
12GEM80033
7
S
12GEM80034
9
HS
12GEM80036
3
R
12GEM80039
4
R
12GEM80042
4
R
12GEM80043
4
R
12GEM80044
4
R
12GEM80046
6
MR
12GEM80049
4
R
12GEM80056
3
R
12GEM80058
5
MR
12GEM80061
4
R
12GEM80062
3
R
12GEM80064
4
R
12GEM80065
6
MR
12GEM80066
5
MR
12GEM80067
4
R
12GEM80071
4
R
12GEM80072
7
S
12GEM80073
4
R
12GEM80074
5
MR
12GEM03021
8
S
12GEM03022
9
HS
12GEM03023
6
MR
12GEM03024
8
S
12GEM03025
9
HS
12GEM03026
9
HS
Mo17 (local CK)
7
S
Huobai (local CK)
9
HS
Note: The resistant rank was based on resistance scoring: HS: 9 and 10; S: 7 and 8; MR: 5 and 6; R: 3 and 4; HR: 1 and 2.
66