GEM Breeding Crosses, Topcrosses, and Advanced Lines for Improving Drought Tolerance, Grain Mold Resistance, and
Corn Earworm Resistance
Wenwei Xu
Texas A&M University Agric. Res. and Ext. Center, Lubbock, Texas
Objectives
This project relates to the primary objectives of the parent project which includes the development and evaluation of genotypes
for biotic and abiotic stresses-drought, corn ear worm (CEW), and grain mold resistance. The specific objectives of this project
includes: (1) to conduct field trials for drought tolerance, CEW resistance, grain mold and yield of the topcrosses of the GEM lines
with Holden’s (LH185, LH198, LH200, LH247, and LH283) and public tester lines; (2) to assay aflatoxin of 10 hybrids of the GEM
lines; (3) To advance and characterize inbred lines from GEM breeding crosses; and (4) to perform second-year field evaluation of 25
new GEM breeding crosses for drought tolerance, grain mold resistance, and CEW resistance. This report will focus on the report on
objectives 1, 2, and 4. To better organize the field trials, the testcrosses were divided into sub-groups based on their pedigrees.
1. Testcrosses of Lines from Cuban Populations:
In 2006, four check hybrids and 15 testcrosses of the lines derived from Cuban populations were grown at three locations in
the Texas High Plains. Lines from CUBA117:S15 and CUBA164:S20 have been advanced to F12 generation. These lines have white
cobs and yellow flint kernels with kernel texture. The lines per se have good stalks. They combine well with both stiff stalk (e.g.
B110, LH200) and non-stiff stalk lines (e.g. Tx204 and Tx205). Their test crosses are medium-late in maturity, have average stay
green trait and intermediate response to earworm feeding, and low grain mold (Tables 1 to 3). Some of the crosses may have severe
common smut. The testcrosses were also evaluated in 2005 under well watered and drought conditions (Table 4). These testcrosses
had excellent early vigor, and ears were fully covered, but not very tightly, by husks. In both 2005 and 2006, crosses with B113 and
LH185 performed very well.
In an aflatoxin study, crosses f GEM lines including (CUBA117:S15)-3-2 x LH185, (CUBA117:S15)-1A-1 x Tx205,
C3S1B73-3-1 x Tx205, (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1 x LH200, LH200 x (SCROGP3:N1411a)F9-1-2 were grown along with 15 hybrids
in Lubbock, Halfway, Corpus Christi and Beeville for aflatoxin assays where the test plots were inoculated with A. flavus. The
aflatoxin level at Corpus Christi, Beeville, and Mississippi State was high and significantly different among the hybrids.
Unfortunately, these hybrids had aflatoxin levels similar to the commercial checks. Under the inoculated conditions at the three sites,
(CUBA117:S15)-1A-1 x Tx205 had an average aflatoxin of 1855 ppb as compared to the 3805 ppb of the means of four commercial
hybrids (P31B13, Garst 8285, Triumph 1416, and DKC66-80), which was equivalent to 49% of commercial check hybrid means. The
risk of the aflatoxin accumulation in this hybrid is below average (Table 5)
Currently, we are increasing seeds of two sister inbred lines from CUBA117:S15 and three sister lines from CUBA164:S20 in
the winter nursery. These lines have good agronomic traits and unique characters such as good kernel textures. We plan to one inbred
line from each breeding cross.
Table 1.Yield and stay green rating of GEM-CUBA line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF) and Lubbock (LB), TX in 2006. The
Etter test was well watered. Drought stress was imposed from V12 to R2 stages (DRT) at Halfway and Lubbock and post-tassel at
Halfway (Post).
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Entry
CUBA117:S15)-1A-1 x B110
B113 x CUBA117:S15)-1A-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1 x
CUBA117:S15)-1A-1-1-1
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x B110
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x LH200
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1 x B110
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x B113
CUBA164:S20)-1C-1-B x LH185
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x Tx205
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B-1 x Tx204
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-1 x Tx204
AR03056:N0902)-1-1-B-1-B x
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-2
LH283 x CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-2 x
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
Cuba164:S2008a-507-1-B-1-2-1-1 x Tx204
S1W-1-1-1-B x Cuba164:S2008a-507-1-B1-2-B-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK mean
Yield (bu/a)
ETWW
199
217
% CK
95
104
HFWW
89
59
204
202
196
221
134
212
177
211
201
97
97
94
105
64
101
85
101
96
79
68
73
65
86
119
116
82
77
212
169
101
81
189
214
HFDRT1
25
27
Stay green
HFPOST
36
43
LBDRT
20.1
41.1
Mean
42
42
ETWW
2.5
2.3
HFWW
5.0
4.0
LBDRT
4.0
3.8
47
69
64
76
58
67
85
84
79
60
40.8
40.1
28.3
39.6
26.6
42.0
40.3
45.3
38.7
63
56
52
49
60
78
80
69
56
2.3
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.5
2.8
2.8
2.0
3.0
4.0
4.5
3.0
3.9
3.1
3.5
3.9
3.7
3.9
3.3
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.8
3.5
3.5
3.5
4.0
74
75
41
40
74
43
47.3
24.1
59
45
2.8
2.3
3.9
3.3
90
102
78
93
40
42
72
61
33.9
34.3
56
58
2.5
2.8
197
203
216
228
191
94
97
103
109
91
89
99
70
91
145
45
61
36
56
36
50
74
64
87
79
28.8
41.6
35.1
37.2
24.9
53
69
51
68
71
210
100
101
47
76
34.7
65
51
31
33
68
HFDRT
2.8
3.5
HFPOST
3.0
3.0
Mean
3.5
3.3
3.0
3.0
3.3
2.8
2.8
3.3
3.3
3.0
3.0
3.5
3.1
3.4
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
3.3
3.0
3.5
3.8
3.5
3.3
2.3
2.8
2.5
3.3
2.8
4.0
4.5
3.3
3.8
2.8
3.3
3.0
3.0
3.1
3.5
1.8
3.0
2.7
2.0
2.8
3.0
4.5
4.3
4.0
3.2
2.5
3.8
3.3
3.5
2.8
2.3
4.0
3.0
2.3
3.8
2.5
3.0
3.3
2.3
3.0
2.4
3.7
3.3
2.8
3.1
2.6
4.0
3.3
3.3
2.9
3.2
3.0
2.5
3.0
3.8
Test mean of 20 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
200
10
41
95
86
27
ns
43
25
22
66
18
25
35.5
15.6
11.7
58
2.5
15.1
ns
3.9
7.1
0.5
3.4
ns
3.0
15.1
0.9
3.0
12.5
ns
3.2
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
Table 2. .Days to pollen shed, plant height, ear height, and stalk lodging of GEM-CUBA line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF),
and Lubbock (LB) in TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Entry
CUBA117:S15)-1A-1 x B110
B113 x CUBA117:S15)-1A-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1 x
CUBA117:S15)-1A-1-1-1
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x B110
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x LH200
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1 x B110
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x B113
CUBA164:S20)-1C-1-B x LH185
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B x Tx205
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1-B-1 x Tx204
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-1 x Tx204
AR03056:N0902)-1-1-B-1-B x CUBA164:S20-1-2B1-2-2-1-2
LH283 x CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-2 x DK888:N11)F2S25-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
Cuba164:S2008a-507-1-B-1-2-1-1 x Tx204
S1W-1-1-1-B x Cuba164:S2008a-507-1-B-1-2-B-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK mean
Test mean
Days to pollen shed
ETHFLBWW WW WW
76
77
74
72
74
69
Plant ht. (cm)
HFLBWW
DRT
244
174
256
179
Ear ht. (cm)
HFHFWW DRT
102
82
88
78
Stalk lodging (%)
ETHFHFWW WW
POST
6
6
7
10
2
11
73
73
74
74
73
70
73
73
73
74
76
74
75
75
72
73
76
74
69
71
73
71
71
68
70
68
68
224
225
220
230
240
233
249
234
218
181
168
179
169
153
174
199
183
177
90
96
87
97
99
94
91
91
80
89
89
77
65
57
68
89
80
69
8
13
2
3
5
5
10
4
1
1
13
2
2
2
2
4
6
2
2
13
4
8
10
4
10
9
3
72
73
72
75
69
71
214
239
160
182
79
92
74
73
2
4
2
2
2
3
73
75
75
70
74
75
73
74
78
75
73
75
78
73
70
74
71
67
73
74
71
218
252
213
214
212
244
274
174
182
169
183
183
190
201
78
104
89
74
73
98
89
76
82
73
63
66
73
75
2
5
4
4
0
3
4
2
13
7
1
3
0
1
1
4
7
1
0
1
3
73
73
75
74
71
70
236
232
189
178
83
89
69
75
3
5
1
4
2
5
CV%
LSD 0.05
1
2
1
2
2
3
9
ns
5
18
9
14
11
18
91
ns
81
5
69
8
Table 3. CEW damage (CEW), ear length, molded kernels, and smut incidence of GEM-CUBA line testcrosses at Halfway (HF) and
Lubbock (LB), TX in 2006. Drought stress was imposed from V12 to R2 stages (DRT) at Halfway and Lubbock and post-tassel at
Halfway (Post).
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Entry
CUBA117:S15)F7-1A-1 x B110
B113 x CUBA117:S15)F7-1A-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1 x
CUBA117:S15)F7-1A-1-1-1
CUBA164:S20)F7-1C-3-1-B x B110
CUBA164:S20)F7-1C-3-1-B x LH200
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1 x B110
CUBA164:S20)F7-1C-3-1-B x B113
CUBA164:S20)F7-1C-1-B x LH185
CUBA164:S20)F7-1C-3-1-B x Tx205
CUBA164:S20)F7-1C-3-1-B-1 x Tx204
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-1 x Tx204
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-B-1-B x
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-2
LH283 x CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1
CUBA164:S20-1-2B-1-2-2-1-2 x
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
Cuba164:S2008a-507-1-B-1-2-1-1 x
Tx204
S1W-1-1-1-B x Cuba164:S2008a-507-1B-1-2-B-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK mean
Early vigor
Smut (%)
Molded kernels (%)
CEW (cm)
EL (cm)
RATIO (%)
LB-DRT
3.3
3.8
HF-WW
1.8
8.0
HF-POST
2.9
22.1
LB-DRT
11.5
8.0
LB-DRT
8.2
6.1
LB-DRT
14.6
16.6
LB-DRT
56.0
37.4
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.3
3.5
4.8
0.8
1.0
5.7
3.3
1.6
2.2
0.8
0.0
14.5
2.0
1.2
4.7
0.0
0.0
3.8
4.5
15.7
10.5
10.0
10.0
12.5
10.0
17.5
11.5
14.0
11.5
6.7
8.4
6.3
6.7
6.8
6.4
7.0
6.6
6.7
17.5
17.8
16.5
17.1
15.6
18.2
19.1
17.4
16.5
38.5
47.2
38.2
39.2
43.8
35.2
36.6
37.9
40.7
3.5
3.5
2.4
2.4
29.5
15.4
11.5
9.0
7.2
7.6
18.9
19.1
38.3
40.0
3.3
1.6
23.7
15.0
7.5
18.2
41.2
3.8
0.8
10.0
14.0
6.9
17.9
38.7
3.0
3.5
3.3
3.0
3.3
0.0
0.0
2.6
2.1
0.8
8.4
1.3
22.0
1.3
2.8
6.0
15.0
15.0
22.5
9.0
4.1
6.5
7.9
8.6
6.6
15.5
16.2
18.2
18.8
16.5
26.5
39.8
43.4
45.8
40.0
3.3
1.4
6.8
15.4
7.4
17.4
42.3
Test mean
CV%
LSD 0.05
Note: Ratio = CEW/EL *100.
3.3
12.0
ns
2.1
82.0
3.1
9.3
62.4
12.2
12.2
43.3
ns
6.9
9.3
1.4
17.3
6.1
2.2
40.2
11.4
9.6
Table 4. Yield, earworm damage (CEW), molded kernels (mold), and husk coverage of GEM-CUBA line testcrosses at Etter (ET),
Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB), TX under well-watered and drought (DRT) conditions in 2005.
ENO
3
4
5
7
8
9
18
19
20
Entry
CUBA117:S15)-1A-1 x B110
B113 x CUBA117:S15)-1A-1
CUBA117:S15)-1A-1 x Tx205
Tx204x CUBA164:S20)-1C-1-B
CUBA164:S20)-1C-1-B x LH185
CUBA164:S20)-1C-3-1 x LH185
P34K77
P31B13
DKC66-80
ET-WW
194
203
171
203
176
162
158
185
208
HF-WW
134
158
166
157
166
162
172
181
182
Yield (bu/a)
HF-DRT
LB-WW
52
166
58
181
50
183
186
71
168
62
176
47
173
59
211
51
170
Mean
137
150
142
182
145
141
138
159
153
% CK
94
103
98
125
100
97
94
109
105
CEW
(cm)
LB-WW
6.1
7.0
6.2
7.5
6.6
6.1
5.0
4.9
5.7
Mold (%)
LB-WW
3.0
5.5
4.0
7.0
5.0
5.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
Husk
LB-WW
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.0
2.5
3.0
3.3
3.5
4.0
CK Mean
167
178
53
185
146
100
5.2
3.5
3.6
Test mean of 20 entries
169
156
51
167
136
93
6.9
5.3
2.7
CV%
9
10
16
6
13.8
34.2
9.6
LSD 0.05
32
30
17
21
2.0
3.8
0.5
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green. Husk coverage was rated on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 loose and 5 very tight and
fully covered.
Table 5. Aflatoixn levels (ppb) of selected hybrids at Corpus Christi and Beeville, TX and Mississippi State, MS in 2005. Plants were
inoculated with a high aflatoxin producing A. flavus strain.
Mean
% CK Sig.
ENO Entry
Beeville Corpus Christi Mississippi State
1
2
3
4
C2A554-1 x B110
C2A554-1 x LH200
C3A654-3-1 x B110
C3S1B73-3-1 x Tx205
5400
2867
5033
7033
1143
887
1180
2867
1146.7
1600.0
376.0
974.7
2563.3
1784.4
2196.4
3624.9
67.4
46.9
57.7
95.2
abcdefg
defg
efg
abcdef
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
C3S1B73-3-3 x LH200
(S1xB73)xB73)F9-1 x Tx205
(S1xB76)F7-1 x B113
S2B73BC x NC300
AR03056:N0902-1-1 x LH200
AR03056:N0902-1-2 x S2B73
CUBA117:S15-1A-1 x Tx205
CUBA117:S15-3-2 x LH185
(CML247xB76)-2-1 x T173
(CML247xB76)-1-1-1 x Tx205
(CML273xA632)-1a-1 x Tx205
DTP-17B x B110
LH200 x SCROGP3:N1411a-1-2
SCROGP3:N1411a-1-1 x B110
WQ22W x S1W
Tx202 x CML343
S1W x CML343
P31B13 (CK1)
Garst 8285
Triumph 1416 (RM113)
DKC66-80
4267
5567
5367
993
10100
13667
3400
12000
12033
4733
4000
7333
4367
7233
2533
2800
1900
5700
6867
15333
6633
2200
2367
2300
383
1967
2367
1533
3467
4833
2733
2167
1233
3100
2067
683
2467
847
2333
1200
3033
1217
1973.3
633.3
2226.7
126.7
1653.3
2106.7
633.3
2933.3
800.0
1106.7
550.7
670.7
986.7
533.3
634.7
496.0
433.3
1013.3
573.3
1146.7
618.7
2813.3
2855.6
3297.8
501.1
4573.3
6046.7
1855.6
6133.3
5888.9
2857.8
2239.1
3079.1
2817.8
3277.8
1283.8
1920.9
1060.0
3015.6
2880.0
6504.4
2822.9
73.9
75.0
86.7
13.2
120.2
158.9
48.8
161.2
154.7
75.1
58.8
80.9
74.0
86.1
33.7
50.5
27.9
79.2
75.7
170.9
74.2
CK mean
8633
1946
Test mean
6268
2023
CV%
34
28
LSD 0.05
3476
933
Note: means with a common letter are not significantly different at 5% level.
838.0
1037.9
72.4
1225.4
3805.7
4154.7
38.6
2595.4
100.0
abcdef
abcdef
abcde
h
abcde
ab
defg
a
abcd
abcdef
cdefg
bcdefg
abcdef
abcdef
fg
efg
gh
abcdef
bcdefg
abc
defg
2. Testcrosses of Lines from DK Populations:
In 2005 and 2006, about 25 testcrosses of lines from DK888:N11 and DKXL370:N11a20 were evaluated for stress tolerance
and performance at three locations in the Texas High Plains. These lines are at F10 to F12 generations with little segregation.
These lines have medium-late maturity, tall and strong plants, good stay green trait, and low grain mold. Their testcross plants
are robust and strong. The best crosses include LH200 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-2, CML32xB104)F7-4-B-B-1-2-1 x
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1, DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-2-B-1-2 x LH200, DK888:N11)F3S4-12A-1-2-1 x LH200,
DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x B110, DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x B110 (Tables 6 to 8).
We are increasing seed of these inbred lines in our winter nursery for public release. These lines can be useful for making
medium-late hybrids with high potential for silage production.
Table 6.Yield and days to pollen shed of GEM-DK line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB), TX under well
watered (WW) and drought stressed conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Entry
B110 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-2
LH200 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-2
(DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-2 x B110
B113 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
CML273xA632)F7-1a-2-B-1-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1
CML32xB104)F7-4-B-B-1-2-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1
D580MBcorn-1A-1-1-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-2-B-1-1-1 x B110
DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-2-B-1-2 x LH200
DK888:N11)F3S4-4-1-1-1-1 x B110
B110 x DK888:N11)F3S4-12A-1-1-1
DK888:N11)F3S4-12A-1-2-1 x LH200
DK888:N11)F3S4-12C-3-1-1 x B105xCML274)F7-3-1-1-B-B
DK888:N11a08f-1-B-B-1-1 x LH200 (S)
DK888:N11a08f-1-B-B-1-1-2 x AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-2-B-1-B
DK888:N11a08f-1-B-B-1-1-2 x B110
DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x B110
DKXL370:N11a20-76-2-B-B-1-1-2 x B110
DKXL370:N11a20-199-1-B-B-2-B-1 x B113
DKXL370:N11a20-199-1-B-B-2-B-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1-1 x LH200 (S)
DKXL370:N11a20-76-2-B-B-1-1 x LH200 (S)
DKXL370:N11a20-76-2-B-B-1-1-2 x S1C2B73-1-1-1-1
FS8(A)S:S09-309-1-B-B-1-2-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
P34A15
P33M54
Days to pollen shed
ET-WW
73
73
73
72
73
73
73
70
75
75
73
74
73
79
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
70
72
70
70
73
LB-DRT
71
71
72
70
73
73
70
69
74
75
74
74
74
77
73
71
74
70
72
69
73
72
69
68
68
68
72
ETWW
198
235
183
168
188
202
221
215
206
203
196
201
229
236
192
144
127
235
169
186
159
221
162
158
148
191
239
HFWW
131
143
114
97
92
100
117
131
98
133
116
126
125
99
111
106
112
110
112
74
105
115
119
103
114
140
142
Yield (bu/a)
HFLBDRT
DRT
35
65
49
63
41
62
25
62
30
46
29
75
22
84
38
62
25
50
52
69
39
78
37
58
53
47
33
55
29
59
47
59
62
52
32
70
35
43
26
58
27
40
9
51
32
69
32
55
55
70
45
73
18
76
Mean
107
122
100
88
89
102
111
111
95
114
107
105
114
106
98
89
88
112
90
86
83
99
96
87
97
112
119
%
CK
93
106
86
76
77
88
96
96
82
99
93
91
98
91
85
77
76
97
77
74
71
85
83
75
84
97
103
28
29
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
74
73
75
74
228
263
149
126
23
37
83
44
121
117
104
101
CK mean
Test mean of 29 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
73
73
1
2
72
72
2
3
230
197
12
46
133
116
13
25
31
35
33
23
69
61
20
25
116
102
100
88
Table 7. Stalk lodging, plant height, ear height, and stay green rating of GEM-DK line testcrosses at Halfway (HF) and Lubbock (LB),
TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Entry
B110 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-2
LH200 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-2
(DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-2 x B110
B113 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
CML273xA632)F7-1a-2-B-1-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1
CML32xB104)F7-4-B-B-1-2-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-2-1
D580MBcorn-1A-1-1-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-2-B-1-1-1 x B110
DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-2-B-1-2 x LH200
DK888:N11)F3S4-4-1-1-1-1 x B110
B110 x DK888:N11)F3S4-12A-1-1-1
DK888:N11)F3S4-12A-1-2-1 x LH200
DK888:N11)F3S4-12C-3-1-1 x B105xCML274)F7-3-1-1-B-B
DK888:N11a08f-1-B-B-1-1 x LH200 (S)
DK888:N11a08f-1-B-B-1-1-2 x AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-2-B-1-B
DK888:N11a08f-1-B-B-1-1-2 x B110
DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x B110
DKXL370:N11a20-76-2-B-B-1-1-2 x B110
DKXL370:N11a20-199-1-B-B-2-B-1 x B113
DKXL370:N11a20-199-1-B-B-2-B-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1-1 x LH200 (S)
Stalk lodging (%)
HF- HF- LBWW DRT DRT
4.0
11
2
3.4
10
7
8.3
1
2
0.0
8
0
3.3
15
1
4.2
6
0
0.8
5
1
2.4
8
0
11.7
16
1
6.4
4
2
3.9
9
2
2.4
7
5
2.5
8
1
2.5
1
0
1.7
2
0
3.0
7
1
3.3
12
1
2.7
8
4
7.2
8
1
0.8
14
3
4.7
9
2
3.2
9
0
Plant ht.
(cm)
HF- LBWW DRT
237
195
261
192
244
195
236
173
234
171
248
168
241
179
233
161
274
192
267
206
246
192
277
194
272
187
268
195
246
185
224
161
259
187
257
192
251
183
277
188
277
174
267
200
Ear ht. (cm)
HF- LBWW DRT
115
88
113
82
98
92
93
66
96
84
109
87
99
78
101
58
117
95
110
89
117
94
117
91
100
85
118
90
92
81
92
75
125
79
99
84
101
82
118
86
109
89
100
81
Stay green rating
HFHFLBWW
DRT
DRT
4.5
3.0
3.5
3.9
2.8
2.5
4.3
3.5
3.0
4.3
2.8
3.0
3.8
3.0
2.8
4.0
2.8
2.8
4.3
3.5
3.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
4.3
2.8
3.0
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.3
3.5
3.0
4.3
3.0
3.3
3.8
3.0
2.5
3.8
2.8
2.5
3.4
3.0
2.5
4.3
3.0
2.8
4.3
2.8
2.8
3.9
2.8
2.8
4.3
2.5
3.0
3.3
3.3
2.8
3.3
2.8
2.5
3.3
2.5
2.5
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
DKXL370:N11a20-76-2-B-B-1-1 x LH200 (S)
DKXL370:N11a20-76-2-B-B-1-1-2 x S1C2B73-1-1-1-1
FS8(A)S:S09-309-1-B-B-1-2-1 x DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1-1-1-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
2.4
0.0
8.8
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
7
7
11
8
3
5
2
2
3
1
2
0
0
3
232
244
221
252
249
253
267
164
193
175
182
176
199
205
85
87
88
90
92
106
89
72
80
75
75
67
82
73
4.3
4.0
5.0
4.3
4.0
4.0
3.0
2.8
3.0
3.5
3.0
3.5
2.8
3.5
3.0
3.5
3.0
3.5
3.5
2.8
3.0
CK mean
0.4
Test mean
3.3
CV%
74.8
LSD 0.05
4.1
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
5
8
66
ns
1
2
103
3
259
252
4
17
190
185
6
23
89
102
11
18
74
81
12
20
3.6
3.9
7.4
0.5
3.2
3.0
11.5
ns
3.2
2.9
13.2
ns
Table 8. Stay green rating, husk coverage, corn earworm damage (CEW), molded kernels (mold) and yield of GEM-DK line
testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB), TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2005.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
18
19
20
Entry
(DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1 x B110
(DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-1 x LH200
(DK888:N11)F2S2-5-B-1-1-2 x B110
B110 x (DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-1
B110 x (DK888:N11)F2S2-7-B-2
(DK888:N11)F3S4-4-1-1 x B110
(DK888:N11)F3S4-4-1-1 x LH247
(DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-1 x B110
B110 x (DKXL370:N11a20-2-1-B-B-B-1-2-1-1
(DKB844:S1601-517-1-B-B-B-1 x Tx205
P34K77
P31B13
DKC66-80
CK mean
Test mean of 20 entries
Stay green rating
HFLBWW
WW
4.3
2.8
4.8
2.0
4.0
2.5
3.3
2.5
4.0
2.0
4.5
2.0
4.5
2.5
4.0
2.5
4.0
2.0
3.0
1.8
3.8
2.8
4.0
1.8
3.5
1.8
3.8
4.1
2.1
2.3
Husk
LBWW
3.0
2.5
3.3
3.3
3.8
3.5
3.0
2.8
3.0
3.8
3.0
3.5
4.0
CEW
(cm)
LBWW
6.7
6.9
6.2
5.1
5.7
6.2
5.6
7.9
6.5
5.1
5.7
4.4
5.9
Mold
(%)
LBWW
7.5
4.5
3.5
3.5
6.5
4.5
4.0
8.0
7.0
5.0
4.5
3.5
3.5
ETWW
140
177
195
167
179
169
167
193
189
178
166
176
175
HFWWI
145
120
146
146
135
157
133
145
136
113
135
181
150
3.5
3.3
5.3
6.2
3.8
5.3
172
165
155
135
Yield (bu/a)
LBLBWWI DRT
190
46
189
69
185
51
159
54
173
66
185
66
157
61
179
57
177
61
207
59
156
57
197
92
171
82
175
175
77
58
Mean
130
139
144
131
138
144
129
143
141
139
129
162
144
%
CK
90
96
99
91
95
100
89
99
97
96
89
112
100
145
133
100
92
CV%
10.0
11.7
15.4
11.6
29.1
9
11
7
20
LSD 0.05
0.8
0.6
ns
1.5
ns
29
31
27
24
Note: Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green. Husk coverage was rated on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = loose husk and 5
= ears fully and tightly covered by husks.
3. Testcrosses of Lines from Brazilian Populations:
In 2006, four check hybrids and 15 testcrosses of the lines derived from Brazilian populations were grown in three Texas High
Plains locations. Lines from BR52051:N04, BR51039:N15, and BR51501:N11a, and PE1:N16 are at F14, F8, F6 and F10 generations
respectively. These lines have long ears with relatively low kernel row numbers. The BR52051:N04, BR51039:N15, and
BR51501:N11a lines have dark-yellow flint or semi-flint kernels. Their crosses with B110 and LH200 have relative maturity of 118
days, yield comparable to the commercial check hybrids, have tall plants with good stay green trait, show intermediate corn earworm
damage and grain mold (Tables 9 to 11).
In 2005, crosses of two BR52051:N04 lines with B110 and LH200 x PE1:N16)F3S4-1-1 were evaluated in four environments.
Their performance was similar to 2006 (Tables 12 and 13). The 2005 data also indicated that these testcrosses had excellent early
vigor, ears were fully covered, but not very tightly, by husks.
Currently, we are increasing seeds of one inbred line from BR52051:N04, and two from BR51039:N15, and four PE1:N16 in
the winter nursery. These lines have good agronomic traits, produce high yielding hybrids, and may increase nutritional value due to
their dark-yellow kernels. These lines could also be used for silage production. We plan to release one inbred line from each breeding
cross.
Table 9.Yield and stay green rating of GEM-Brazil line testcrosses at Etter, Halfway and Lubbock, TX in 2006. Tests at Halfway and
Etter were well watered and Lubbock test was drought stressed from V12 to R2 stages.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Hybrids
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-1 x B110
B110 x BR52051:N04)F8-1-2-1-1-B
B110 x BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
CML32xB104)F7-2-1-b-2-1-2 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
FS8(A)S:S09-309-1-B-B-1-2-1 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-2-1-1-B
FS8B(S):S0316-1099-1-B-B-2-2-2-1-1-1 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
BR51501:N11a-1-2 x B110
Etter
227.8
249.1
211.7
Yield (bu/a)
Halfway Lubbock
111.6
32.2
83.8
25.4
88.5
19.4
Mean
123.9
119.4
106.5
Halfway
3.8
4.3
3.5
Stay green rating
Etter
Lubbock
2.0
2.8
2.0
4.0
2.0
4.0
Mean
2.8
3.4
3.2
179.0
82.9
28.4
96.7
3.0
2.0
3.0
2.7
193.6
78.0
32.8
101.5
4.0
2.5
3.5
3.3
142.8
193.9
65.7
84.2
22.0
20.1
76.8
99.4
3.3
4.0
3.3
2.3
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.4
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
BR51501:N11a-3-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-4-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-5-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-2-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
B110 x PE1:N16)F3S4-2-1-3-1
BR51039:N15-B-B-B-2-1 x B110
LH200 (S) x PE1:N16)F3S4-1-1-1-1
LH200 (S) x PE1:N16)F3S4-2-1-3-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
212.1
183.6
202.7
161.0
198.7
170.3
220.6
214.8
197.0
221.5
235.5
173.3
64.9
78.2
79.6
49.6
73.3
63.8
92.3
103.9
89.8
82.2
93.1
120.1
CK mean
206.8
96.3
Test mean of 19 entries
199.4
83.4
CV%
11.8
18.9
LSD 0.05
48.1
33.0
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
18.0
24.9
31.6
35.8
22.9
22.7
21.2
19.6
46.2
29.6
35.3
26.2
98.3
95.6
104.6
82.2
98.3
85.6
111.4
112.8
111.0
111.1
121.3
106.5
4.0
4.3
4.5
3.3
3.5
4.3
3.3
3.0
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.0
1.8
2.3
2.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.3
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.3
4.0
3.3
3.0
3.0
3.3
2.5
3.0
4.3
2.5
3.5
3.5
3.1
3.3
3.3
2.9
2.8
3.2
2.6
2.8
3.8
3.2
3.3
3.1
34.3
27.1
24.4
13.9
112.5
103.3
3.6
3.7
8.7
0.6
2.9
2.3
16.6
0.8
3.4
3.4
12.2
0.9
3.3
3.1
12.5
0.8
Table 10. .Days to pollen shed, plant height, ear height, and stalk lodging of GEM-Brazil line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF),
and Lubbock (LB) in TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Hybrids
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-1 x B110
B110 x BR52051:N04)F8-1-2-1-1-B
B110 x BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
CML32xB104)F7-2-1-b-2-1-2 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
FS8(A)S:S09-309-1-B-B-1-2-1 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-2-1-1-B
FS8B(S):S0316-1099-1-B-B-2-2-2-1-1-1 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
BR51501:N11a-1-2 x B110
BR51501:N11a-3-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-4-1 x B110
Days to pollen shed
ETHFLBWW
WW
DRT
74
76
74
73
76
74
74
76
74
Plant height (cm)
HFWW
LB-DRT
267
186
253
180
258
181
Ear height (cm)
HFLB-DRT WW
94
125
90
122
104
113
Stalk lodging (%)
ETHFWW
WW
2
5
8
5
15
2
73
76
74
234
176
85
106
4
0
73
75
74
260
187
82
111
10
7
73
74
75
77
74
76
77
79
69
76
75
75
219
246
244
256
165
172
183
187
78
93
99
97
90
118
112
120
26
11
9
3
5
3
2
6
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
BR51501:N11a-5-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-2-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
B110 x PE1:N16)F3S4-2-1-3-1
BR51039:N15-B-B-B-2-1 x B110
LH200 (S) x PE1:N16)F3S4-1-1-1-1
LH200 (S) x PE1:N16)F3S4-2-1-3-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
75
75
77
75
77
76
69
73
73
70
76
78
79
79
80
79
73
76
78
73
75
77
76
75
76
78
67
73
75
69
247
245
289
248
279
280
226
224
243
268
180
175
193
185
192
192
177
174
180
191
73
87
93
79
90
101
69
65
85
81
86
112
136
117
137
118
73
75
95
105
13
25
4
15
14
0
5
4
5
13
13
6
6
9
16
3
3
5
0
5
CK mean
Test mean of 19 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
71
74
1
2
75
77
2
3
71
74
2
2
240
252
5
27
180
182
5
ns
75
86
10
17
87
109
6
14
7
10
42
9
3
5
91
ns
Table 11. CEW damage to ears (CEW), ear length, percent of molded grains, and smut of GEM-Brazil line testcrosses Lubbock, TX in
2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Hybrids
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-1 x B110
B110 x BR52051:N04)F8-1-2-1-1-B
B110 x BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
CML32xB104)F7-2-1-b-2-1-2 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
FS8(A)S:S09-309-1-B-B-1-2-1 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-2-1-1-B
FS8B(S):S0316-1099-1-B-B-2-2-2-1-1-1 x
BR52051:N04)F8-1-B-B-1-B
BR51501:N11a-1-2 x B110
BR51501:N11a-3-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-4-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-5-1 x B110
BR51501:N11a-2-1 x S1xB76)F9-2-1-B-1
B110 x PE1:N16)F3S4-2-1-3-1
CEW (cm)
EL (cm)
RATIO (%)
Molded kernels (%)
Smut (%)
7.0
7.5
10.0
17.5
17.5
16.0
40.0
43.0
62.7
8.0
14.0
11.5
3.1
0.0
0.0
5.5
19.0
28.9
8.0
3.4
6.0
20.5
29.4
5.0
2.4
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.0
6.0
7.0
10.0
16.0
15.5
18.0
17.5
18.0
17.0
15.5
50.2
49.2
38.9
34.5
33.3
41.2
64.6
10.5
20.0
12.5
9.0
10.5
9.0
17.5
3.1
2.3
1.6
9.4
9.4
4.8
4.8
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
BR51039:N15-B-B-B-2-1 x B110
LH200 (S) x PE1:N16)F3S4-1-1-1-1
LH200 (S) x PE1:N16)F3S4-2-1-3-1
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK mean
Test mean of 19 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
Note: Ratio = CEW/EL *100.
7.5
10.0
10.5
8.5
8.0
7.0
7.0
17.5
16.5
17.5
14.5
17.5
17.5
14.5
43.0
61.1
59.2
59.0
45.4
40.0
48.1
9.0
14.0
22.5
8.0
15.0
11.5
12.5
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
2.4
0.0
0.0
7.6
7.7
17.1
2.9
16.0
17.0
7.8
2.8
48.2
45.9
17.4
16.7
11.8
12.0
41.0
ns
0.6
2.6
93.4
4.9
Table 12 Yield, stay green rating, earworm damage (CEW), ear length (EL), molded kernels (mold), and husk coverage of GEMBrazil line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB), TX under well-watered and drought (DRT) conditions in 2005.
ENO
1
2
10
18
19
20
Entry
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-1 x
B110
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-2 x
B110
LH200 x (PE1:N16)F3S4-1-1
P34K77
P31B13
DKC66-80
Mean
% CK
Stay
green
LBWW
184
136
94
2.0
6.3
24
26
5.0
3.5
166
181
173
211
170
142
136
138
159
153
98
93
94
109
105
2.0
2.3
2.7
2.0
2.0
8.6
6.9
5.0
4.9
5.7
24
22
19
19
22
36
32
26
26
26
4.5
5.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
3.8
3.5
3.3
3.5
4.0
Yield (bu/a)
HFLBDRT WWI
ETWW
HFWW
167
146
48
188
182
158
185
208
174
144
172
181
182
42
37
47
59
51
CEW
(cm)
LBWW
EL
(cm)
LBWW
RATIO
LBWW
Mold
(%)
LBWW
Husk
LBWW
CK Mean
167
178
53
185
146
100
2.2
5.2
20
26
3.5
3.6
Test mean of 20 entries
169
156
51
167
136
93
2.4
6.9
21
33
5.3
2.7
CV%
9
10
16
6
13.8
13.8
5
14
34.2
9.6
LSD 0.05
32
30
17
21
0.5
2.0
2
9
3.8
0.5
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale on with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green; husk coverage was rated on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 loose and 5 very tight
and fully covered.
Table 13. Early vigor, days to pollen shed, plant height, and smut incidence of GEM-Brazil line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway
(HF), and Lubbock (LB), TX under well-watered and drought (DRT) conditions in 2005.
ENO
1
2
10
18
19
20
Entry
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-1 x B110
(BR52051:N04)F8-1-2 x B110
LH200 x (PE1:N16)F3S4-1-1
P34K77
P31B13
DKC66-80
Vigor
ETWW
3.8
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.5
2.8
ETWW
75
77
80
72
77
77
Days to pollen shed
HFHF- LBWW DRT WW
74
68
72
74
72
72
76
76
75
69
67
68
73
70
73
73
73
71
Mean
72
74
77
69
73
73
CK Mean
3.5
73
71
70
71
Test mean of 20 entries
3.5
73
71
68
70
CV%
5.8
1
2
2
1
LSD 0.05
0.4
1
3
2
2
Early vigor was rated on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 being weak and 5 being strong.
Smut (%)
ET- HFWW WW
0
0
4
2
2
0
71
71
3
2
76
4
STL (%)
2
1
1
0
0
0
HF-DRT
42
45
25
20
20
18
0
1
19
36
143
27
3
20
HFWW
253
251
278
243
241
230
Plant height (cm)
HF- LBDRT WW
Mean
210
242
235
220
259
243
241
259
259
195
242
227
207
230
226
226
240
232
238
238
3
15
209
204
5
21
237
236
4
19
228
226
4. Testcrosses of lines from AR03056:N0902 and other Argentina Populations:
In 2006, 14 testcrosses of the lines derived from AR03056:N0902, AR16021:S08a01, and AR16035:S02 at Etter, Halfway,
and Lubbock under well watered and drought-stressed conditions in 2005 and 2006. The lines from AR03056:N0902 perse has nice
plants, excellent anthesis-silking synchronization, upright leaves, yellow semi-dent kernels. The testcrosses of these lines (especially
the AR03056:N0902 line) have early-medium maturity, produce comparable yield under well watered conditions and higher yield
under drought as compared to commercial checks, have good stay green trait, intermediate resistance to corn earworm and grain mold.
Most crosses had low common smut incidence but some crosses had 30-50% plants with smut (Tables 14-18).
Lines of AR03056:N0902, AR16021:S08a01, and AR16035:S02have been advanced to F16, F13, and F13 generations,
respectively. We are increasing the seeds of these inbred lines in winter nursery, two sister lines for each breeding crosses.
Table 14. Grain yield (bu/a) of GEM-AR3 line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB) in TX under well-watered
(WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
Entry
Yield (bu/a)
ET-
HF-
LB-
Mean
Yield (bu/a)
%
HF-
HF-
LB-
Mean
%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
A633xFR2128)F7-2-B-B x AR03056:N0902)F91-1-1-B-B
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B104
AR03056:N0902)F6xB113-B-B-1-1 x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-3-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-B1-B-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B113
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH198 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH200 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x
AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-1-B
C3S1B73-13-4-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-B1-B
C3S1B73-3-3-1-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1B-B
LH247 (S) x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK Mean
Test mean of 18 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
WW
WW
WW
CK
DRT
212.5
222.9
182.4
211.1
231.0
165.5
214.3
142.4
187.3
222.4
126.9
77.3
96.9
109.5
108.4
99.6
76.6
86.1
123.5
87.5
126.9
77.3
96.9
109.5
108.4
99.6
76.6
86.1
123.5
87.5
148.4
64.6
198.3
Post
DRT
CK
155.4
125.8
125.4
143.4
149.3
121.6
122.5
104.9
144.8
132.4
106.8
86.5
86.2
98.5
102.6
83.6
84.2
72.1
99.5
91.0
37.9
32.5
28.2
47.4
54.0
31.8
46.2
33.3
43.8
53.0
60.9
84.9
73.4
86.8
111.3
109.1
94.6
66.6
79.7
86.3
54.0
22.1
19.3
27.6
27.8
26.2
26.8
35.7
33.0
29.6
50.9
46.5
40.3
53.9
64.4
55.7
55.9
45.2
52.1
56.3
107.9
98.5
85.4
114.3
136.4
118.0
118.4
95.7
110.5
119.3
64.6
92.5
63.6
33.2
48.3
23.6
35.1
74.3
75.2
75.2
116.2
79.9
60.1
55.5
33.1
49.6
105.1
195.2
188.7
205.8
231.5
242.4
221.2
72.4
107.8
127.5
77.5
103.5
113.8
72.4
107.8
127.5
77.5
103.5
113.8
113.4
134.8
153.6
128.8
149.8
149.6
77.9
92.6
105.6
88.6
102.9
102.8
43.5
22.3
45.3
26.6
63.4
21.1
83.2
57.0
79.1
76.4
83.6
65.3
26.1
11.9
31.3
15.3
35.9
23.0
50.9
30.4
51.9
39.4
61.0
36.5
107.9
64.4
110.0
83.5
129.2
77.3
225.2
201.3
9.4
36.7
105.6
96.4
18.6
37.6
105.6
96.4
18.6
37.6
145.5
131.4
100.0
90.3
39.1
40.2
28.0
23.6
76.1
77.9
17.9
29.3
26.4
27.9
23.4
13.7
47.2
48.7
100.0
103.1
Table 15. Days to pollen shedding (DTP), stay green rating, and grain yield of GEM-AR3 line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF),
and Lubbock (LB) in TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2005.
Entry
DTP
ET-
HF-
Stay
green,
8/10
HF-DRT
Stay
green,
9/9
HF-
Yield (bu/a)
ET-WW
HF-WW
HF-DRT
Mean
% CK
WW
WW
WW
B110 x (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1
B110 x (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2
B113 x (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1
(AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2 x LH198
(AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2 x LH200
LH200 x (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1
LH247 x (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1
LH247 x (AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2
(AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2 x
(AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-2
P34K77
Garst 8285
P31B13
DKC66-80
73
73
70
73
74
73
73
73
67
68
68
67
69
2.7
2.8
3.2
3.0
2.8
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.5
3.5
134.1
147.8
97.3
132.8
160.5
71.4
61.4
56.2
104.6
68.6
5.0
4.5
194.8
197.6
144.5
157.2
186.1
173.9
164.3
160.0
68
67
3.5
3.8
73
70
76
77
77
69
67
70
72
71
CK Mean
Mean of 32 entries
CV%
LSD ).05
75
73
1
2
70
68
2
3
46.9
51.4
133.4
135.6
99.3
131.6
138.4
173.9
108.3
108.6
95.9
97.5
71.4
94.6
99.5
125.0
77.8
78.1
113.6
114.5
3.0
4.3
2.3
2.3
2.5
5.0
4.5
3.0
4.5
3.5
145.0
156.8
195.8
206.0
186.1
117.8
146.2
166.5
160.5
143.7
52.7
51.6
70.9
113.6
71.2
105.1
118.2
144.4
160.0
133.7
75.6
85.0
103.8
115.0
96.1
2.8
3.1
13.2
0.8
3.9
4.2
11.5
1.0
186.2
182.6
8.3
30.2
154.2
139.9
11.9
34.0
76.8
67.3
21.0
28.9
139.1
129.9
100.0
93.4
Note: Kernel color is for the female lines (GEM lines). Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0%
green.
Table 16. Days to pollen shedding (DTP), plant height, ear height of GEM-AR3 line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF), and
Lubbock (LB) in TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
Entry
A633xFR2128)F7-2-B-B x AR03056:N0902)F9-11-1-B-B
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B104
AR03056:N0902)F6xB113-B-B-1-1 x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x B110
DTP
HFWW
72
73
74
74
76
HFWW
217
245
211
203
248
Plant height (cm)
LBHF- HFWW DRT POst
217
245
211
203
248
192
184
188
195
188
200
207
198
193
199
LBDRT
171
149
163
163
154
HFWW
78
71
77
82
110
Ear height (cm)
LB- HF- HFWW DRT Post
78
71
77
82
110
79
83
80
96
87
67
76
75
83
86
LBDRT
74
82
79
90
85
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-3-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-B1-B-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B113
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH198 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH200 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x AR16021:S08a01)F71-1-B
C3S1B73-13-4-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-B-1B
C3S1B73-3-3-1-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1B-B
LH247 (S) x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK Mean
Test mean of 18 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
72
75
73
73
75
214
210
222
217
232
214
210
222
217
232
181
178
183
190
199
193
202
198
197
215
165
161
149
162
169
88
93
86
85
93
88
93
86
85
93
79
87
79
83
77
84
97
81
72
84
88
82
76
79
77
74
195
195
178
194
148
84
84
79
70
66
75
215
215
180
193
149
99
99
84
87
81
76
73
74
75
77
74
224
217
237
221
242
280
224
217
237
221
242
280
198
181
220
206
233
220
217
202
227
239
232
244
168
157
176
158
184
194
96
82
72
83
101
109
96
82
72
83
101
109
91
68
78
69
95
75
88
71
67
80
82
83
89
66
71
70
91
82
75
74
2
2.5
245
225
8
39
245
225
8
39
220
194
4
17
235
208
3
12
178
163
4
15
91
88
11
20
91
88
11
20
79
82
8
13
78
79
8
13
79
79
9
15
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
Table 17. Smut, molded kernels, corn earworm feeding damage to ears (CEW), and ear length of GEM-AR3 line testcrosses at Etter
(ET), Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB) in TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006
ENO
Entry
HFPost
1
2
3
4
5
A633xFR2128)F7-2-B-B x AR03056:N0902)F91-1-1-B-B
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B104
AR03056:N0902)F6xB113-B-B-1-1 x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x B110
28.9
2.0
1.1
1.8
3.9
Smut (%)
LBHF- HFWW
DRT WW
1.9
7.8
0.0
1.6
0.0
12.2
0.0
5.4
5.5
3.3
1.9
7.8
0.0
1.6
0.0
Mold
(%)
CEW
(cm)
EL (cm)
RATIO (%)
Mean
LB-DRT
LB-DRT
LB-DRT
LB-DRT
11.2
4.4
1.6
2.6
1.8
6.0
12.5
15.0
15.0
15.0
7.1
7.0
7.3
8.4
8.1
19.5
18.0
15.1
18.4
18.0
36.7
38.9
47.9
46.0
45.2
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-3-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-B1-B-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B113
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH198 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH200 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x
AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-1-B
C3S1B73-13-4-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1B-1-B
C3S1B73-3-3-1-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-11-B-B
LH247 (S) x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
CK Mean
Test mean of 18 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
3.9
6.3
7.5
7.9
6.3
10.1
0.0
0.9
0.8
1.6
3.8
1.7
17.5
0.0
0.9
10.1
0.0
0.9
0.8
1.6
7.0
2.0
6.7
2.4
2.6
16.5
20.0
8.0
10.0
12.5
7.1
8.1
6.5
6.4
9.1
17.8
16.3
15.6
16.1
18.5
39.8
50.0
41.6
39.4
49.3
49.6
4.2
36.5
4.2
23.6
14.0
7.9
20.0
39.6
24.6
7.0
10.9
7.0
12.4
6.0
6.4
18.1
35.2
18.0
5.4
0.0
7.4
0.0
1.4
8.9
2.7
0.0
2.4
0.0
1.0
11.0
14.3
2.2
19.2
0.0
1.0
8.9
2.7
0.0
2.4
0.0
1.0
11.7
6.3
0.5
7.8
0.0
1.1
15.0
15.0
10.0
25.0
15.0
32.5
6.4
7.9
7.3
9.3
7.3
9.0
15.5
17.3
16.1
16.8
18.0
17.0
41.2
45.8
44.9
55.5
40.4
53.2
2.2
9.8
80.4
16.5
0.8
2.8
5.6
8.1
97.4
16.5
0.8
2.8
2.4
5.9
20.6
14.6
55.9
8.2
7.6
15.4
17.0
17.3
8.8
48.5
43.9
15.2
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
Table 18. Stay green rating (SG) and stalk lodging of GEM-AR3 line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF), and Lubbock (LB) in
TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions (DRT) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Entry
A633xFR2128)F7-2-B-B x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B-B
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B104
AR03056:N0902)F6xB113-B-B-1-1 x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-3-B x B110
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-B1-B-B x B110
Stay green rating
ETHFHFLBWW
DRT Post DRT
2.3
2.0
2.3
2.8
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
2.3
2.5
2.5
4.0
3.3
3.8
3.5
3.0
3.3
2.8
Early
vigor
LBDRT
4.0
3.8
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.8
3.5
Stalk lodging (%)
HFLBHFPost
WW DRT
0.0
2.0
2.6
2.6
7.9
3.9
5.6
2.7
1.7
1.6
2.4
1.1
3.8
9.4
6.1
9.0
2.8
5.6
6.6
9.9
6.9
HFWW
2.7
1.7
1.6
2.4
1.1
3.8
9.4
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x B113
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH198 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B x LH200 (S)
AR03056:N0902)F9-1-2-B x AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-1-B
C3S1B73-13-4-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-B-1-B
C3S1B73-3-3-1-1-1 x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B-B
LH247 (S) x AR03056:N0902)F9-1-1-1-B
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
3.5
2.3
2.5
3.8
4.0
3.3
3.0
3.3
2.8
2.3
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.8
2.5
3.0
3.3
3.3
2.3
3.0
2.3
2.5
3.0
2.3
4.3
2.8
2.0
4.0
3.0
1.5
2.5
3.3
3.3
3.8
3.0
3.8
3.5
4.0
4.0
3.3
3.3
2.8
3.8
3.8
3.3
3.8
4.0
4.3
3.8
4.3
3.5
3.5
3.3
2.5
3.3
3.6
3.7
22.3
7.0
3.6
0.8
8.3
0.0
4.9
1.7
0.0
0.0
2.5
4.5
0.0
0.0
3.1
6.5
3.3
0.0
6.4
2.8
0.0
2.0
12.2
7.5
1.0
1.0
8.6
2.4
0.0
1.7
0.0
0.0
2.5
4.5
0.0
0.0
3.1
6.5
3.3
0.0
CK Mean
Mean
CV%
LSD 0.05
2.8
2.9
21.0
ns
2.9
3.0
8.2
0.5
2.8
2.7
24.4
ns
3.3
3.4
9.7
0.7
3.6
3.8
8.4
ns
3.5
4.7
59.0
5.8
3.2
2.5
105.0
ns
3.0
5.0
71.5
7.6
3.2
2.5
105.0
ns
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
5. Testcrosses of AR01150:N04 and Other Argentina Populations (GEM-AR2):
Twenty-one testcrosses of the lines derived from AR01150:N04, AR16021:S08a01, AR16035:S02 and AR16035:N09 were
evaluated at Etter and Halfway, TX in 2005 and 2006. Two lines have white kernels and cobs. The plots were well watered. The
2006 data at Halfway was poor and not reported.
The crosses of AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-1-1-1, AR01150:N04-545-1-B-B-2-1-1, and AR01150:N04-617-1-B-B-B-1-1-1-1
with LH198 and B110 performed well in three environments. (Tables 19-20)
Table 19. Days to pollen, stay green rating, yield (bu/a) of GEM-AR2 line testcrosses at Etter, TX in 2006.
ENO
1
3
4
5
8
9
10
Hybrids
AR01150:N04-046-1-B-B-1-1-1-1-1 x B110
AR01150:N04-046-1-B-B-1-3-1-1-1 x LH198 (S)
AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-1-1-1 x B113
AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-1-1-1 x LH198
AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-1-1-1-3-1 x B110
AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-2-1-1-1 x B110
AR01150:N04-545-1-B-B-2-1-1 x LH198
Kernel color
DTP
Stay green
Yield (bu/a)
% CK
w
w
y
y
y
y
y
71.5
70.0
73.0
74.0
73.0
73.0
70.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
196.3
214.2
216.6
252.7
236.1
216.4
230.3
83.7
91.3
92.3
107.8
100.7
92.3
98.2
13
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
AR01150:N04-617-1-B-B-B-1-1-1-1 x LH198 (S)
AR16021:S08a01)F7-1-2-B-1-B x LH185 (N)
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-1-2-1 x LH185
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x NC300
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-2-1-1 x B110
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x C3A6543-2-1-2-1
AR03056:N09-327-1-B-B-2-1 x B110
P34K77
P31B13
P33T17
DKC66-80
y
y
y
y
y
70.0
73.0
70.0
76.0
73.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
238.2
225.9
197.0
209.6
212.9
101.6
96.3
84.0
89.4
90.8
y
y
71.5
75.0
70.0
75.0
71.5
73.0
2.5
2.5
3.0
2.0
4.0
2.5
228.2
215.1
204.3
279.7
241.9
212.1
97.3
91.7
87.1
119.3
103.2
90.5
72.4
72.1
1.5
2.1
2.9
2.7
234.5
212.7
12.4
55.7
100.0
CK mean
Test mean
CV%
LSD 0.05
Note: Kernel color is for GEM-AR2 lines. Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
Table 20. Plant height (PHT), ear height (EHT), stay green rating, smut incidence, and grain yield of GEM-AR2 line testcrosses at
Etter and Halfway, TX in 2005.
ENO
1
4
5
10
19
17
18
22
23
24
25
Hybrids
AR01150:N04-046-1-B-B-1-1-1-1-1 x B110
AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-1-1-1 x B113
AR01150:N04-213-1-B-B-1-1-1 x LH198
AR01150:N04-545-1-B-B-2-1-1 x LH198
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-2-1-1 x B110
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-1-2-1 x LH185
AR16035:S02-443-1-B-B-1-2-1-1-1-1 x
NC300
P34K77
P31B13
P33T17
DKC66-80
PHT
cm
227
222
238
226
251
237
EHT
cm
111
91
99
107
120
110
SG908
1 to 5
5.0
4.3
4.5
3.5
3.5
4.3
Smut
%
3.3
1.7
0.0
0.0
6.1
7.7
Smut
%
5.0
0.0
2.4
1.5
2.5
4.0
Etter
171.5
144.2
178.6
157.5
180.6
188.4
259
231
244
236
237
121
102
130
103
110
3.3
3.8
3.8
4.0
3.5
3.4
1.7
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
2.4
0.0
0.0
175.1
139.9
200.6
186.8
176.3
Yield (bu/a)
Halfway
Mean
153.4
162.5
151.6
147.9
128.2
153.4
144.4
151.0
146.3
163.5
137.1
162.8
145.2
150.0
167.9
158.0
158.2
160.2
144.9
184.2
172.4
167.2
% CK
97.2
88.5
91.7
90.3
97.8
97.3
95.8
86.7
110.2
103.1
100.0
CK mean
Test mean of 25 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
237
231
6
28
111
106
8
17
3.8
4.0
7.2
0.6
0.8
5.7
44.7
5.3
0.6
2.1
109.0
4.8
175.9
162.9
8.9
30.5
158.5
138.5
8.1
23.5
167.2
150.7
100.0
90.1
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
6. Testcrosses of Lines from Chilean Populations:
In 2005 and 2006, 17 testcrosses of lines from three breeding crosses, CH05015:N12, CH05015:N15, and CH05015:N1502 of
Chilean population CH05015 (race Camelia) were evaluated for stress tolerance and performance at two Texas High Plains locations.
These lines are at F9 to F12 generations with little segregation.
In 2006, CH05015:N12-147-1-B-B-3-1-1 x B110, CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2-1 x B110, CH05015:N15-87-1-B-B-21-1 x B110, CH05015:N15-87-1-B-B-2-1-1 x B113 yield higher than other crosses. In 2005, the top yielding test crosses include
CH05015:N12-21-1-B-B-1 x LH198, CH05015:N12-32-1-B-B-SIB-B-2 x B113, CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1 x B110, B113 x
(CH05015:N1502)-1-2-B. None of the crosses yield significantly higher than commercial checks (Tables 21 to 23).
This group of lines is the earliest GEM materials I have worked with so far. In addition, these lines have flint kernels with
good texture. The original CH05015 breeding crosses looked very good, but they lack heat tolerance genes. The progenies of
CH05015 breeding crosses are highly susceptible to heat stress. Many lines from these populations were dropped during the line
development. The lines listed in Tables 1 to 3 have been selected for reduced leaf firing and tassel blasting under high temperatures.
Short-season hybrids are increasingly used in the High Plains in order to reduce irrigation and avoid late season drought stress. We
need to find good early testers to fully explore the potential of these lines.
Table 21.Yield and days to pollen shed of GEM-Chile line testcrosses at Etter (ET) and Halfway (HF), TX under well watered (WW)
and post-tassel drought stressed conditions (Post) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
Entry
CH05015:N12-33-1-B-B-SIB-1-3-1 x B110
CH05015:N12-36-1-B-B-SIB-1-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N12-33-1-B-B-SIB-1 x LH198
CH05015:N12-147-1-B-B-3-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-3-1 x B110
Days to pollen shed
ET-WW
72
70
70
70
70
70
HF-Post
67
66
64
66
65
66
Yield (bu/a)
ET-WW
178
151
182
214
211
206
HF-WW
141
121
51
157
121
143
HF-Post
67
75
60
73
78
54
Mean
129
116
98
148
137
134
% CK
85
76
65
98
90
89
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2-1 x LH198
B113 x CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-1-1
B113 x CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2
CH05015:N15-87-1-B-B-2-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-87-1-B-B-2-1-1 x B113
CH05015:N15-166-1-B-B-4-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-166-1-B-B-4-1 x LH198
CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B-B x B110
B113 x (CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B
CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B x LH247
CH05015:N1502)-2 x GEMS-0002
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
70
68
70
70
72
73
70
72
70
69
70
70
73
73
66
65
65
67
66
66
66
65
65
65
65
66
67
69
188
172
178
208
205
180
198
181
177
176
170
205
235
223
123
50
135
153
150
138
130
136
124
136
128
163
163
156
70
54
79
60
62
59
70
57
73
52
54
74
57
88
127
92
131
140
139
126
133
125
125
121
117
147
152
156
84
61
86
93
92
83
88
82
82
80
78
97
100
103
CK mean
Test mean
CV%
LSD 0.05
72
71
1
2
67
66
1
2
221
192
10
42
161
131
13
35
73
66
14
20
152
130
100
86
Table 22. Early vigor, plant height, ear height, stalk lodging, and stay green rating of GEM-Chile line testcrosses at Etter (ET) and
Halfway (HF), TX under well-watered (WW) and post-tassel drought conditions (post) in 2006.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Entry
CH05015:N12-33-1-B-B-SIB-1-3-1 x B110
CH05015:N12-36-1-B-B-SIB-1-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N12-33-1-B-B-SIB-1 x LH198
CH05015:N12-147-1-B-B-3-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-3-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2-1 x LH198
B113 x CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-1-1
B113 x CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1-2
Early
vigor
HF-WW
2.8
3.5
3.5
3.5
2.8
3.5
3.0
3.3
3.0
Plant
height (cm)
HFHFWW
Post
249
203
270
222
243
204
255
203
285
221
275
221
290
241
261
214
255
225
Ear height
(cm)
HF- HFWW Post
96
90
126 105
101
83
104
81
108
84
104
89
102
85
95
73
92
90
Stalk lodging (%)
ET- HF- HFWW WW Post
29
2
15
64
8
5
38
2
30
16
4
5
14
1
3
9
2
3
7
6
7
12
3
4
7
3
3
Stay green rating
ETHF- HFWW
WW Post
3.0
3.0
3.8
3.5
4.8
3.3
3.0
3.0
4.3
2.7
3.0
3.3
2.8
3.0
3.5
2.8
3.0
4.0
2.8
3.3
2.5
3.5
4.0
3.0
2.5
4.0
3.8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
CH05015:N15-87-1-B-B-2-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-87-1-B-B-2-1-1 x B113
CH05015:N15-166-1-B-B-4-1-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-166-1-B-B-4-1 x LH198
CH05015:N1502)F8-1-1-B-B x B110
B113 x (CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B
CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B x LH247
CH05015:N1502)-2 x GEMS-0002
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
3.3
3.8
3.8
3.3
3.0
3.5
3.0
3.5
3.3
3.0
3.3
262
253
286
279
304
256
266
241
267
276
286
230
218
227
228
240
233
235
206
209
227
237
107
97
132
114
133
107
96
98
73
106
116
86
78
96
91
102
102
84
99
65
79
88
14
13
36
7
10
15
16
33
8
6
9
3
2
7
1
1
4
7
3
4
2
2
7
2
10
6
5
4
3
10
3
3
0
2.5
2.8
2.3
2.3
2.5
3.0
3.3
4.3
2.8
2.8
2.5
4.0
3.3
3.0
2.5
4.3
4.0
4.0
5.0
3.3
3.3
3.0
3.0
4.0
2.8
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
4.5
4.5
4.3
2.0
CK mean
3.2
276
224
98
77
8
3
2
2.7
3.2
3.6
Test mean
3.3
268
222
105
87
18
3
6
2.9
3.5
3.5
CV%
8.1
4
5
10
7
72
66
56
12.8
5.5 16.9
LSD 0.05
5.5
21
21
21
13
27
ns
7
0.8
0.4
1.2
Note: Early vigor was rated on a 1 to 5 scale at V8 stage with 1 being weak and 5 being strong. Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5
= 0% green.
Table 23. Early vigor, days to pollen shed, stalk lodging, smut incidence, and yield of GEM-Chile line testcrosses at Etter (ET) and
Halfway (HF), TX under well-watered conditions in 2005.
ENO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Entry
CH05015:N12-21-1-B-B-1 x LH198
CH05015:N12-32-1-B-B-SIB-B-1-B-2-1 x LH247
CH05015:N12-32-1-B-B-SIB-B-2 x B113
CH05015:N12-33-1-B-B-SIB-1 x LH198
CH05015:N12-92-1-B-B-1 x B110
CH05015:N12-147-1-B-B-1 x LH247
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1 x B110
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-2-1 x LH198
CH05015:N15-82-1-B-B-1-1-3-1 x B110
CH05015:N1502)-1-1 x B110
Early
vigor
ET
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.8
3.0
3.8
3.5
3.8
3.8
3.5
Days to pollen
shed
ET
73
70
74
73
73
72
73
73
73
73
HF
71
68
71
74
72
69
71
73
71
71
Stalk
lodging
(%)
Smut
(%)
ET
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
ET
0
1
2
0
7
1
0
0
1
25
Yield (bu/a)
ET
206
165
177
162
135
128
174
162
164
138
HF
162
137
165
154
131
147
156
144
127
160
Mean
184
151
171
158
133
138
165
153
145
149
% CK
106
87
99
91
77
79
95
88
84
86
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
CH05015:N1502)-1-2-B x B110
B113 x (CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B
B113 x (CH05015:N1502)F8-1-2-B
CH05015:N1502)-1-2 x LH185
CH05015:N1502)-1-2 x LH200
CH05015:N1502)-1-1-B x LH247
CH05015:N1502)-2 x GEMS-0002 (OSU 43)
P34K77
P31B13
DKC66-80
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.0
73
72
72
70
70
72
70
72
77
77
70
70
71
69
68
69
68
71
75
71
CK mean
3.3
75
72
Test mean of 20 entries
3.4
73
70
CV%
7.0
2
1
LSD 0.05
0.5
2
2
Note: Early vigor was rated on a 1 to 5 scale at V8 stage with 1 being weak and 5 being strong
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
14
3
5
30
17
8
0
2
3
0
123
148
147
95
153
156
164
140
189
183
136
152
173
141
158
140
147
149
204
173
0
0
ns
1
6
99
12
171
156
12
37
175
153
11
35
130
150
160
118
156
148
156
144
196
178
0
173
154
75
87
93
68
90
86
90
83
113
103
0
100
89
7. Testcrosses of Lines from FS Populations:
In 2006, 20 testcrosses of lines from FS8A(T):N1801, FS8B(T):N11a and AR13026:N08C06 x (FS8A(T):N11a1-19) were
tested at Etter and Halfway, TX. In 2005, 7 testcrosses were grown in four environments in Texas. These lines from FS8A(T):N1801
and FS8B(T):N11a have been advanced to F13 generation. These inbred lines have nice looking plants and good heat tolerance. The
testcrosses from these lines have above average overall, but not top, performance. The best crosses include FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B x
B110, FS8B(T):N11a)-1-4-1-1-1 x LH247, and (FS8A(T):N1801)-1 x B113 (Tables 24 and 25).
We are increasing seed of these inbred lines in our winter nursery for public release. These lines can be useful for making
medium-late hybrids with high potential for silage production.
Table 24. Early vigor, days to pollen shed, plant height, ear height, stalk lodging, and yield of GEM-FS line testcrosses at Etter (ET)
and Halfway (HF), TX under irrigated conditions in 2006.
ENO
1
2
Entry
FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B x B110
FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B-B x B113
Early
vigor
HF
3.3
3.3
Days to
pollen shed
ET
70
70
HF
65
64
Plant ht
(cm)
Ear ht.
(cm)
HF
257
272
HF
106
93
Stalk
lodging (%)
ET
7
30
HF
3
5
Yield (bu/a)
ET
192
164
HF
130
97
Mean
161
130
%
CK
88
71
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
3.3
2.8
3.0
3.5
2.8
3.0
2.8
3.3
3.8
70
74
70
70
73
72
72
73
70
65
69
64
64
67
66
67
67
64
243
268
233
239
300
269
273
301
256
96
101
73
92
121
90
96
118
102
5
2
9
4
14
7
3
16
12
3
4
1
2
3
2
10
3
1
182
237
207
197
183
208
214
202
173
122
119
141
129
94
92
117
85
119
152
178
174
163
138
150
166
144
146
83
97
95
89
76
82
90
78
80
3.3
73
67
281
116
14
12
239
148
194
106
3.0
73
68
273
108
27
4
243
132
188
102
3.0
73
67
252
93
7
0
200
123
161
88
3.0
70
65
277
117
8
2
202
105
153
84
3.3
3.3
72
70
65
65
291
264
107
105
6
20
7
4
199
185
140
132
169
158
92
86
3.0
73
66
266
103
20
4
199
130
165
90
3.5
70
64
284
121
44
6
147
110
129
70
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.8
3.0
74
70
73
74
70
71
66
68
69
66
308
246
271
261
286
134
76
91
115
109
5
4
0
0
20
6
7
5
0
3
180
246
272
192
219
110
116
156
149
117
CK Mean
2.9
72
67
266
Test mean of 24 entries
3.1
72
66
269
CV%
9.0
2
1
3
LSD 0.05
ns
3
1
17
Note: Early vigor was rated at V8 stage on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 being weak and 5 being strong.
98
103
10
21
6
12
53
13
4
4
102
ns
232
203
10
43
134
121
15
38
145
181
214
170
168
0
183
162
12
40
79
99
117
93
92
0
100
89
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B x B105
FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B x LH200
FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B x LH247
FS8A(T):N1801)-1-1-B-B x LH198
B110 x (FS8B(T):N11a)-1-3-1
FS8B(T):N11a)-1-4-1-1-1 x LH247
FS8B(T):N11a)-1-3-B x LH200
FS8B(T):N11a)-1-3-1-B-B x B113
(FS8B(S):S0301)-1-2 x B113
AR13026:N08C06x(FS8A(T):N11a1-19)-1-BB-B-1-1-1 x B110
AR13026:N08C06x(FS8A(T):N11a1-19)-1-BB-B-1-B-1 x B110
AR13026:N08C06x(FS8A(T):N11a1-19)-1-BB-B-1-1 x LH200 (S)
AR13026:N08C06x(FS8A(T):N11a1-19)-1-BB-B-1-3-1 x LH247 (S)
AR13026:N08C06x(FS8A(T):N11a-19)-1-BB-B-1-B-1 x B113
FS8(A)S:S09-309-1-B-B-2-1-1 x B113
FS8B(S):S0316-1099-1-B-B-2-2-2-2-1-1 x
Tx204
FS8B(T):N11a)F8-1-4-1-1-1 x
CML254xB105)F5-BMxCM105-B-B3-1-2
FS8B(T):N11a)F8-1-4-1-1-B x
B105xCML274)F7-3-1-3-1-B
P34A15
P33M54
DKC66-80
Garst 8288
Table 25. Smut (%), stay green rating, husk coverage, corn earworm damage (CEW), ear length (EL), molded kernels, and yield of
GEM-FS line testcrosses at Etter (ET), Halfway (HF) and Lubbock (LB), TX under well-watered (WW) and drought conditions
(DRT) in 2005.
ENO
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
(FS8A(T):N1801)-1 x B110
(FS8A(T):N1801)-1 x B113
(FS8A(T):N1801)-1 x LH198
(FS8A(T):N1801)-2-1 x B113
B110 x (FS8B(T):N11a)-1-3-1
(FS8B(T):N11a)-1 x LH247
(FS8B(S):S0301)-1-2 x B113
P34K77
P31B13
DKC66-80
Smut (%)
HFETWW
WW
1
1
1
0
2
1
2
3
2
4
0
10
0
0
2
4
2
3
0
2
Stay green
HFLBWW WW
4.5
2.3
4.5
2.3
3.0
2.3
4.8
2.3
4.8
3.0
4.5
2.5
5.0
2.3
3.8
2.8
4.0
1.8
3.5
1.8
Husk
LBWW
4.3
3.0
3.3
3.5
3.0
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
CEW
(cm)
LBWW
7.3
6.2
5.5
6.1
6.9
7.3
7.2
5.7
4.4
5.9
EL
(cm)
LBWW
21.4
20.9
20.1
19.8
20.5
20.6
21.4
19.7
19.5
22.3
Mold
(%)
LBWW
6.0
5.5
4.5
8.0
5.5
4.5
6.0
4.5
3.5
3.5
ETWW
151
157
162
116
166
130
154
166
176
175
HFWW
102
130
122
134
123
132
117
135
181
150
Yield (bu/a)
LBLBWW DRT Mean
196
45
123
192
71
137
151
37
118
167
41
114
163
52
126
151
42
114
156
48
119
156
57
129
197
92
162
171
82
144
CK mean
Test mean of 20 entries
CV%
LSD 0.05
1
2
122
6
3.8
4.1
10.0
0.8
3.5
3.3
15.4
ns
5.3
6.2
11.6
1.5
20.5
21.1
3.0
1.3
3.8
5.3
29.1
ns
172
165
9
29
155
135
11
31
175
175
7
27
Entry
3
4
ns
2.1
2.3
11.7
0.6
77
58
20
24
145
133
% CK
85
95
81
79
87
78
82
89
112
100
100
92
Note: Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green. Husk coverage was rated on a 1 to 5 scale
with 1 = loose husk and 5 = ears fully and tightly covered by husks.
8. Second-year field evaluation of 25 new GEM breeding crosses for drought tolerance, grain mold resistance, and CEW
resistance.
In 2005, a set of 53 GEM breeding crosses were evaluated for yield, corn earworm damage, grain mold, and other agronomic
traits. Based on the 2005 data, we chose the best 24 crosses and evaluated them under well watered and post-tassel drought
conditions. Under each water treatment, the test used two-row plots and three replications. The well-watered plots had poor data and
not included in this report.
When choosing a breeding cross, one should choose those with high yielding, good stay green rating (low value), low earworm
damage, low grain mold. Table 1 shows the data from 2006 and 2005.
Table 26. Days to pollen shed (DTP), plant height (PHT), ear height (EHT), stay green rating, earworm damage (CEW), ear length,
(EL), molded kernels (mold) and yield of GEM breeding crosses under post-tassel drought stress in 2006 and under well watered
conditions in 2005 at Halfway, TX.
ENO06
PED
DTP
PHT
(cm)
EHT
(cm)
STL
(%)
Smut
(%)
Stay
green
Yield
(bu/a)
%
CK
Yield
(bu/a)
CEW
(cm)
EL
(cm)
Mold
(%)
Kernel
color
Cob
color
Seed
size
rc
rc
rc
rc
x
l-k v
s-k
m-k
l-k
vv
1
2
3
4
AR17026:N1012
B73 x Mo17
BR105:N1641
BR105:N99d
65
66
69
72
224
248
244
259
81
103
107
103
Year 2006
5
23
1
7
2
21
9
2
2.3
4.5
2.3
2.0
59
50
49
51
79
68
66
69
161.9
174.3
158.6
172.7
6
10
6
5
19
19
18
22
Year 2005
6 yd
6 yd
10 yd
4 ysd
5
BR106:S99a
71
261
116
1
7
2.3
24
32
147.8
6
21
4
yd
6
7
BR106:T33a20
BR106:T33a99a
70
70
268
242
104
100
0
3
7
4
2.5
2.8
46
38
62
51
161.5
189.8
10
5
25
18
8
4
yd
yd
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
BR51403:N1617
BR51721:N20
CHIS462:N2441
CUBA164:S99f
DKXL370:S08d45
MDI022:N99d
NEI9004:S2817a
NEI9004:S2817c
SANM126:N1299b
UR01089:S24
UR02005:N2011c
UR11002:N4011c
UR11002:S14
68
71
72
71
66
73
67
67
69
66
65
65
67
237
261
258
259
236
263
241
243
267
234
211
211
247
89
115
112
130
105
139
97
114
114
97
99
84
92
6
4
4
4
0
4
2
7
4
11
5
3
7
6
11
4
5
10
2
11
15
4
4
11
3
3
2.5
2.3
3.0
3.0
3.3
3.0
3.3
3.0
2.8
2.8
4.3
4.3
2.5
44
43
41
30
42
25
44
27
42
50
64
56
46
59
58
56
40
57
34
59
36
56
67
87
75
62
150.5
154.9
155.1
163.5
161.1
155.1
155.6
171.3
170.6
157.2
159.0
155.4
181.0
7
8
8
5
6
5
5
6
7
8
5
7
5
19
24
21
18
20
19
18
20
20
19
16
18
19
7
6
6
4
4
3
5
4
5
7
4
4
4
yd
yd
yd
yd
yd
yd
yd
yd
yd
ysd
yd
yd
yd
21
22
23
24
UR11003:S17e45
UR13010:N0602
UR13085:N0228
UR13085:S99g
67
66
65
66
243
232
240
248
93
87
92
110
4
4
3
4
5
3
8
11
3.3
3.8
3.3
2.5
45
67
58
39
60
90
78
53
161.3
160.4
157.1
155.2
6
9
6
6
21
19
20
21
5
6
4
6
yd
yd
yd
yd
rc
r/wc
rc
w/rc
wc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
rc
r/wc
rc
rc
rc
25
26
P34K77
P31B13
64
72
240
242
85
103
2
0
13
9
3.8
2.3
68
89
91
119
189.3
229.4
6
6
18
20
4
4
yd
yd
wc
rc
l-k v
v l-k
l-k
l-k
l-k
m-k
m-k
m-k
l-k
l-k
l-k
l-k
m-k
l-k v
m-k
l-k
l-k v
m-k
m-k
v
l-k v
27
DKC66-80
70
242
91
5
1
2.0
67
90
185.2
CK mean
Test mean
CV%
LSD 0.05
69
68
2
2
241
244
4
21
93
102
9
19
2
4
74
ns
8
8
73
12
2.7
2.9
16.0
1.0
74
48
25
25
100
201.3
150.0
7.7
23.1
4
23
3
yd
rc
l-k
Note: Stay green rating was on a 1 to 5 scale with 1 = 100% green and 5 = 0% green.
9. Publications discussed GEM germplasm:
Wenwei Xu and Mike Blanco. 2006. Use of exotic germplasm to improve stress tolerance. NCR-167 Annual Meeting, Guelph, Canada. Feb. 2122, 2006.
A field day was held on August 9, 2006 at Etter, TX. GEM lines and their testcrosses were showed and discussed in the field day.