EXP 4504
SPRING 2006
HUMAN MEMORY
EXAM #3
NAME:_______________________________
Answer 3, get one free (!), each page
1. Give an example of one “dissociation” between implicit and explicit memory that has been reported in
research.
2. In his 1991 paper, Jacoby contrasted the rate of recall for words that either were to be included in recall,
or excluded (and wrongly recalled). What processes did he hope to distinguish from this contrast? What
did he observe about the effects of divided attention using this “process dissociation?”
3. In a study described in class and in Radvansky, Dunlosky & Nelson (1994) compared immediate vs.
delayed judgments of learning for two kinds of encoding (imagery vs. rote rehearsal). Judgments were
more accurate for the delayed tests. Why was that?
4. What are the three kinds or “levels” of knowledge and memory that Conway and Rubin describe in their
hierarchical model of autobiographical memory?
5. What, and where, is the “reminiscence bump” seen in autobiographical memory? Note one possible
explanation for its presence.
6. Where does Schacter stand on the issue of whether flashbulb memories are “special?”
7. In general, in what sorts of memory tasks do the elderly tend to show the most significant deficits
compared to young adults? Changes in what areas of the brain seem to be associated with this pattern?
8. A number of studies have compared the effects of providing retrieval cues that were present at study in
the memory of young and older subjects. In one case, at least (Simon, 1979), the elderly showed no gain
from such cues. What does this outcome imply about the source of memory decline with aging?
9. What is the typical pattern of memory for highly emotional or traumatic experiences, such as those
experienced in wartime?
10. Describe one finding you found particularly compelling, concerning either the neuroanatomical bases
(e.g., specific neural structures or regions) of emotion, or the neurophysiology (e.g., stress hormones) of
emotional responses, that seems to play a key role in memory for emotional events.
11. For one of the case studies of “psychogenic amnesia” of the “global” kind (e.g., Lumberjack, Libbie
Morris [the UF law student], etc), briefly state (a) the nature of the amnesia (i.e., what was forgotten?) (b)
whether an apparent cause could be identified, and (c) the pattern of recovery, if any.
12. What is one reason for being skeptical about a claim that memory for childhood abuse was repressed
for many years, then recovered during psychotherapy?
13. What sort of amnesia may result from a session of electroshock treatment for depression?
14. Briefly describe the “classic” anterograde amnesia that can result from bilateral damage to the
hippocampus.
15. [EVERYONE ANSWERS THIS Q AS ONE OF THE THREE ON THIS PAGE] What case study of
memory impairment, other than your own (case study that is, not impairment), did you find particularly
intriguing? Why?