FM 34-7
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
W a s h i n g t o n , DC, 18 May 1993
FIELD MANUAL
No. 34-7
INTELLIGENCE AND ELECTRONIC WARFARE SUPPORT
TO LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT OPERATIONS
Table of Contents
Page
PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
CHAPTER 1—THE FUNDAMENTALS OF LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
The Low-Intensity Conflict Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
The Influences on Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
The Imperatives of Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Operational Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
The Continuum of Military Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . . . .1-7
The Low-Intensity Conflict Continuum Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . .1-9
CHAPTER 2—THE INTELLIGENCE AND ELECTRONIC WARFARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
MISSION AND SYSTEM
The Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
The Intelligence System of Systems.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
The Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
The Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
The Intelligence Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Architecture in Low-Intensity Conflict . . . 2-6
CHAPTER 3—INTELLIGENCE PREPARATION OF THE BATTLEFIELD. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Development and Use of Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield Products . .
Battlefield Area Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terrain Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weather Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-1
3-1
3-2
3-5
3-8
Threat Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Threat Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
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CHAPTER 4—ANALYSIS IN LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AnaIysis in Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Techniques of Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Factors of Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Courses of Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1
4-1
4-5
4-13
4-17
4-17
CHAPTER 5—INTELLIGENCE AND ELECTRONC WARFARE SUPPORT TO . . . . . . . . . 5-1
INSURGENCY AND COUNTERINSURGENCY
Human Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Imagery Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signals Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Counterintelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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CHAPTER 6—INTELLIGENCE AND ELECTRONIC WARFARE SUPPORT TO . . . . . . . .
COMBATTING TERRORISM
Human Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Imagery Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signals Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Counterintelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
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6-1
6-2
6-2
6-2
CHAPTER 7—INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT TO PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS. . . . . . . . . 7-1
Information Operations Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Predeployment Intelligence Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Information Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Command Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
CHAPTER 8—INT'ELLIGENCE AND ELECTRONIC WARFARE SUPPORT TO . . . . . . . . . 8-1
PEACETIME CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS
Human Intelligence . . . . . . . .
Imagery Intelligence . . . . . . .
Signals Intelligence . . . . . . . .
Counterintelligence . . . . . . . .
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8-1
8-2
8-3
8-3
APPENDIX A—ECHELONS ABOVE CORPS IN'T'ELLIGENCE AND ELECTRONIC . . . . . A-l
WARFARE SUPPORT TO LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT OPERATIONS
APPENDIX B—ELECTRONIC WARFARE SUPPORT TO LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . . . B-1
OPERATIONS
APPENDIX C—MULTIDISCIPLINE COUNTERINTELLIGENCE SUPPORT TO . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT OPERATIONS
APPENDIX D—COLLECTION PLAN FORMATS AND INSTRUCTONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
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APPENDIX E—REQUIREMENTS, SOURCES, AND AGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
APPENDIX F—REPORT FORMATS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
APPENDIX G—LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT INTELLIGENCE PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . G-1
OF THE BATTLEFIELD GRAPHICS
APPENDIX H—IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT TO LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . H-1
APPENDIX I—INTERROGATION SUPPORT IN LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1
APPENDIX J—S2 CHECKLIST FOR COUNTERINSURGENCY OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . J-1
APPENDIX K—S2 CHECKLIST FOR COMBATTING TERRORISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K-1
APPENDIX L—S2 CHECKLIST FOR PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L-1
APPENDIX M—S2 CHECKLIST FOR PEACETIME CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . M-1
GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glossary-1
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. References-l
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index-l