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Science Report
RESEARCH/ EXTENSION
1987-88 OREGON WINTER RAPESEED TRIAL
Russ Karow, Vance Pumphrey, and Loren Nelson'
Winter rapeseed yield trials were conducted at four
Oregon locations in 1987-88 - Corvallis, Madras,
Pendleton, and Powell Butte. This report summarizes
Winter temperatures were mild. The lowest temperature recorded at Hyslop Farm during the winter was
23°F. Plant growth continued throughout the winter
and there were no losses due to winter injury. Plant
the results of these trials.
vigor in the spring was excellent for all varieties/lines.
Tables 1 and la summarize data for Corvallis in EnIn direct contrast to the hot, dry fall weather and mild
winter temperatures, cool, wet weather persisted into
late spring. May and June temperatures were 1 to 2
glish and metric units, respectively. Corvallis was the
main trial site with 41 varieties and experimental lines
tested. Materials from both the Oregon Variety Testing Program, sponsored by the Oregon Department of
Agriculture New Crops Board and Palmco, Inc., and
from the National Winter Rapeseed Variety Trial coordinated by Dr. Dick Auld, University of Idaho, were
included at the Corvallis site.
degrees cooler and rainfalls one half to two inches
higher than normal. Growing conditions were exceptionally good for all cool season crops. Pod set and
seed set were excellent.
During a wind and rain storm on April 20 and 21, several Bonis (Svalof) and Weibullsholms lines lodged
Weather data for Corvallis is presented in Tables 2 and
2a. There was no appreciable rainfall in western Ore-
completely - plants were flat to the ground. The exposed lower side-branches immediately began re-
gon from early June until the last day of October.
Trial land at Hyslop was irrigated (2 inches, 5 cm)
growth and lodged plots appeared normal in as little as
two weeks; however, maturity was significantly delayed.
prior to field preparation. Fall fertilizer (100 lbs/A,
30-0-0-6) was pre-plant incorporated. The trial was
seeded on September 10. Emergence was excellent.
The field was irrigated once again (2 inches, 5 centimeters) on September 23 to assure plant
Lodging was not confined to specific portions of the
field, but was found in specific lines throughout all
replications. This would suggest a genetic rather than
an environmental cause to the problem. Other varieties/lines exhibited normal lodging/lean at crop ma-
establishment.
turity.
'Russ Karow, Extension Agronomist, Crop Science
Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR,
97331; Vance Pumphrey, Professor of Agronomy,
The 1987-88 trial was not sprayed with fungicides. Trials in the previous two years had been sprayed. In
these earlier trials, check areas showed no greater incidence of disease than treated plots, hence it was concluded that fungal disease was not a problem. This
conclusion was in error. Sclerotinia infestation was severe throughout the trial. Infected plant percentages
(infection on lower, main stem only) ranged from 2 to
Basin Agricultural Research Center,
Pendleton, OR, 97801; and Loren Nelson, Research
Columbia
Agronomist, Central Oregon Experiment Station,
Redmond, OR, 97756.
EXT/CRS 73
10/88
24%. Disease incidence varied in severity across the
1
separate dates. The early planting of eight varieties
was seeded on September 15, 1987. Yields among
these varieties ranged from 2023 to 3111 with an aver-
field (as evidenced by the high coefficient of variation
for Sclerotinia) but significant differences among varieties and lines were still detectable. Future trials will
be sprayed for fungal disease control.
age of 2810 lb/A. A group of four varieties was
planted on September 29, 1987. Due to mild winter
conditions, even this later planting survived with no
winter injury or loss of vigor. As in western Oregon,
weather in May and June was exceptionally favorable
for cool season crops. This favorable weather is re-
Cabbage seed pod weevils had also not been of significance in previous trials so insecticide applications were
not made; however, pre-harvest evaluation indicated
there was a uniform 5% pod infestation level across
the trial. Insecticides for seed pod weevil will be used
flected in the fact that the average trial yield at
in future testing.
A set of five early-maturing varieties
Pendleton was only 160 lbs. less than that at Corvallis,
a 37 inch rainfall site.
(Bienvenu,
Bridger, Cascade, Ceres, and Indore) were swathed by
hand on June 27 and combined with a Wintersteiger
Seedmaster combine on July 1. The remaining varieties/lines were swathed on July 5 and 6 and combined
on July 12 and 13. Seed quality in non-lodged material
Table 4 shows variety yields over sites and years expressed as a percent of the trial average yield. This
data shows that a variety like Cascade is both low in
yield and exhibits yield instability. A variety such as
Viking is consistent, but low yielding. A variety like Liradonna, from a grower point of view, would appear to
be preferred as it shows both stability and high yield.
was excellent.
Yields ranged from 1766 (an early lodged line) to 4226
with a trial average of 2971 lb/A (Table 1). This is
Cultural practice information for the Corvallis site is
presented in Figure 1.
very similar to the 1986-87 trial in which the range was
2087 to 4493 with an average of 3105 lb/A. Shatter
loss at harvest was estimated to be approximately 2 to
5%.
Investigators would like to thank the Oregon Department of Agriculture New Crops Board and Palmco for
their fmancial support. Without their funding, this trial
Test weights ranged from 48.5 to 51.2 with an average
work would not have been possible.
of 49.6 lb/bu (Table 1). This is again similar to the
1986-87 trial in which the range was 48.2 to 52.2 with
an average of 49.7.
Tables 3 and 3a give yield and other agronomic data
from trials conducted at three locations in eastern
Oregon. At Madras, yields ranged from 1901 to 2952
with a yield average of 2429 lb/A. Variety performance over replications was erratic and though a thou-
sand pound difference in yield existed between the
lowest and highest yielding variety, this difference was
not statistically different.
At Powell Butte, another central Oregon site, the yield
range was very narrow - from 2302 to 2816 with a trial
average of 2593 lb/A. This trial was heavily grazed by
deer on at least two separate occasions, but did not
seem to be detrimentally affected. All varieties regrew
vigorously in the spring. Test weights at both central
Oregon sites tended to be superior to those at
Corvallis.
Pendleton is a dryland site located in a 17 inch rainfall
zone. Due to the extremely dry fall conditions, establishment at Pendleton was difficult. As is shown in the
data tables, portions of the trial were planted on two
2
Table 1.
1987-88 agronomic data for the winter rapeseed trial on Hyslop Farm (English units)
Variety
Arabella
Bienvenu
Bridger
Cascade
Ceres
Source
Mitsubishi
check
Univ of Id
Univ of Id
King Agro
Bonis & Co.
check
Bonis & Co.
OSU
check
Canola, Inc.
Canola, Inc.
Canola, Inc.
Mitsubishi
Burlingham
King Agro
Semundo
King Agro
Daehnfeldt
Allelix
Allelix
King Agro
King Agro
Nickerson
Rustica
Rustica
Rustica
Rustica
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Allelix
Daehnfeldt
Bloom % Plant Sclerotinia
on
Height % infected
4-5-88
(in)
6-10-88
5
50
45
72
3
3
8
Yield
Test
Pound/ Weight
Acre (lb/bu)
1000
Seed Wgt
(g)
Comments
25
22
72
56
57
58
64
64
69
67
60
64
70
68
65
63
65
69
64
68
64
65
64
71
72
65
66
62
64
69
63
67
66
64
74
64
70
70
63
66
70
77
70
AVERAGE
14
66
11
2971
49.6
2.68
PLSD (5%)
CV
8
5
6
8
45
612
0.9
42
15
1
0.27
5
Crystal
Dwarf Essex
Glacier
Indore
Jet Neuf
Lindora
Liporta
Lirabon
Liradonna
Nutiva
Rubin
Santana
Tandem
Viking
AWR0107
AWR0110
K8-1
K8-3
NRPB0087-2
RBR 72
RBR 82
RBR 83
RBR US1
SV0220
SV0223
SV0238
SV0253
SV0261
WW0988
WW1011
WW1031
WW1045
WW1048
WW1052
85-WRB-0047
916-01x3
4
40
1
11
8
11
22
14
0
20
0
11
32
20
4
0
8
0
8
6
0
30
25
3
15
2
6
4
0
8
0
15
14
21
9
3191
3348
2383
2095
3483
2933
2969
2525
2560
2900
3395
3599
2954
2988
3366
3726
3032
3350
3039
3024
3003
3658
4226
2980
3383
2537
3704
3902
2924
3050
2840
3701
2011
1766
2160
1805
2444
1915
2296
3724
2924
49.8
49.3
49.4
48.9
50.4
48.8
50.0
49.8
48.8
51.2
48.8
50.0
50.2
49.8
49.8
49.9
49.3
51.2
49.0
50.5
48.8
50.4
49.6
48.8
49.4
48.8
50.2
49.5
50.8
50.9
50.4
48.7
48.7
49.6
49.6
48.6
49.9
50.0
48.5
49.8
49.3
2.66
2.25
2.48
2.64
2.76
2.75
2.74
2.71
2.02
2.99
2.93
2.87
2.90
2.90
2.91
2.53
2.52
3.07
2.47
2.79
2.65
2.75
2.71
2.32
2.79
2.55
2.88
2.87
2.86
2.97
2.81
2.56
2.72
2.58
2.49
2.52
2.67
2.63
2.51
2.64
3.11
16
24
8
10
12
19
5
5
8
5
4
15
9
2
14
3
11
14
5
13
8
7
4
12
5
3
13
10
4
14
17
9
15
15
13
20
17
8
3
small pods, cracked seed
lodged
lodged
early lodging, green seed
early lodging
early lodging
early lodging, brown seed
lodging
early lodging, brown seed
cracked seed
Table la. 1987-88 agronomic data for the winter rapeseed trial on Hyslop Farm (Metric units)
Bloom % Plant Sclerotinia
on
Height % infected
4-5-88
(cm)
6-10-88
Variety
Source
Arabella
Bienvenu
Bridger
Cascade
Ceres
Crystal
Dwarf Essex
Glacier
Indore
Jet Neuf
Lindora
Liporta
Lirabon
Liradonna
Mitsubishi
check
Univ of Id
Univ of Id
King Agro
Bonis & Co.
check
Svalof
OSU
check
Canola, Inc.
Canola, Inc.
Canola, Inc.
Mitsubishi
Burlingham
King Agro
Semundo
King Agro
Daehnfeldt
Allelix
Allelix
King Agro
King Agro
Nickerson
Rustica
Rustica
Rustica
Rustica
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Bonis & Co.
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Weibullsholms
Allelix
Daehnfeldt
14
21
Test
weight
kg/m3
1000
Seed Wgt
(g)
Comments
25
22
183
142
145
147
163
163
175
170
152
163
178
173
165
160
165
175
163
173
163
165
163
180
183
165
168
157
163
175
160
170
168
163
188
163
178
178
160
168
178
196
178
AVERAGE
14
168
11
3327
638.4
2.68
PLSD (5%)
CV
8
13
6
8
45
685
11.6
0.27
42
15
1
5
Nutiva
Rubin
Santana
Tandem
Viking
AWR0107
AWR0110
K8-1
K8-3
NRPB0087-2
RBR 72
RBR 82
RBR 83
RBR US1
SV0220
SV0223
SV0238
SV0253
SV0261
WW0988
WW1011
VVW1031
WW1045
WW1048
WW1052
85-WRB-0047
916-01x3
5
Yield
Kg/ha
50
45
72
3
3
8
4
40
1
11
8
11
22
14
0
20
0
11
32
20
4
0
8
0
8
6
0
30
25
3
15
2
6
4
0
8
0
15
8
9
3573
3749
2668
2346
3900
3284
3325
2828
2867
3248
3802
4030
3308
3346
3769
4173
3395
3752
3403
3386
3363
4096
4733
3337
3788
2841
4148
4370
3274
3416
3180
4145
2252
1977
2419
2021
2737
2144
2571
4170
3274
640.9
634.5
635.8
629.3
648.6
628.1
643.5
640.9
628.1
658.9
628.1
643.5
646.1
640.9
640.9
642.2
634.5
658.9
630.6
649.9
628.1
648.6
638.4
628.1
635.8
628.1
646.1
637.1
653.8
655.1
648.6
626.8
626.8
638.4
638.4
625.5
642.2
643.5
624.2
640.9
634.5
2.66
2.25
2.48
2.64
2.76
2.75
2.74
2.71
2.02
2.99
2.93
2.87
2.90
2.90
2.91
2.53
2.52
3.07
2.47
2.79
2.65
2.75
2.71
2.32
2.79
2.55
2.88
2.87
2.86
2.97
2.81
2.56
2.72
2.58
2.49
2.52
2.67
2.63
2.51
2.64
3.11
16
24
8
10
12
19
5
5
8
5
4
15
9
2
14
3
11
14
5
13
8
7
4
12
5
3
13
10
4
14
17
9
15
15
13
20
17
4
small pods, cracked seed
lodged
lodged
early lodging, green seed
early lodging
early lodging
early lodging, brown seed
lodging
early lodging, brown seed
cracked seed
Table 2.
Weather summary for Corvallis, Oregon, Sept., 1987-June, 1988 (English)
Temperature (F)
Month
Ave. Max.
Dev.
Max.
Sept. 87
Oct. 87
Nov. 87
Dec. 87
Jan. 88
Feb. 88
Mar. 88
April 88
May 88
June 88
78.8
73.4
53.8
43.7
44.7
52.1
56.3
60.9
64.2
71.6
3.3
9.1
101
91
1.5
-2.8
-0.4
1.7
2.5
1.6
-2.0
-1.0
Ave.
59.95
1.4
Ave. Min.
Dev.
Min.
64
59
57
63
70
78
86
88
46.8
41.5
40.8
34.5
33.2
34.9
36.5
42.1
43.8
48.6
-0.9
-0.2
3.6
-0.1
0.3
-0.1
0.4
3.3
0.6
0.3
37
33
30
23
23
26
29
31
35
39
62.8
57.4
47.3
39.1
39.0
43.5
46.4
51.5
54.0
60.1
75.7
40.3
0.7
30.6
50.1
Ave.
Dev.
1.2
4.4
2.6
-1.5
0
0.8
1.5
2.5
-0.7
-0.3
Rainfall (In.I
Total
Dev.
0.05
0.27
3.90
11.42
7.12
1.70
3.90
3.33
3.84
1.83
-1.43
-3.12
-2.27
3.65
-0.43
-3.16
-0.73
0.87
1.92
0.63
37.36
-4.07
1.1
Total
Table 2a. Weather summary for Corvallis, Oregon, Sept., 1987-June, 1988 (Metric)
Temperature (C)
Month
Ave. Max.
Dev.
Max.
Sept. 87
Oct. 87
Nov. 87
Dec. 87
Jan. 88
Feb. 88
Mar. 88
April 88
May 88
June 88
26.0
23.0
12.1
6.5
7.1
11.2
13.5
16.1
17.9
22.0
1.8
5.1
0.8
-1.6
8.2
5.3
4.9
-0.2
0.9
1.4
0.9
-1.1
-0.6
38.3
32.8
17.8
15.0
13.9
17.2
21.1
25.6
30.0
31.1
Ave.
15.5
0.8
24.3
4.6
Ave. Min.
1.4
0.7
1.6
2.5
5.6
6.6
9.2
Dev.
Min.
-0.5
-0.1
2.0
-0.1
0.2
-0.1
0.2
17.1
14.1
8.5
3.9
3.9
0.3
0.2
2.8
0.6
-1.1
-5.0
-5.0
-3.3
-1.7
-0.6
1.7
3.9
10.8
12.2
15.6
0.7
2.4
1.4
-0.8
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.4
-0.4
-0.2
0.4
-0.8
10.1
0.6
1.8
Total
5
Ave.
6.4
8.0
Dev.
Rainfall (cm)
Total
Dev.
0.1
0.7
9.9
29.0
18.1
4.3
9.9
8.5
9.8
4.6
-3.6
-7.9
-5.8
9.3
-1.1
-8.0
-1.9
2.2
4.9
94.9
-10.3
1.6
Table 3.
Agronomic data from 1987-88 winter rapeseed trials in Eastern Oregon
Variety
Arabella
Cascade
Ceres
Glacier
Lindora
Lirabon
Liradonna
Madras
Yield
TW
Yield
lb/A
lb/A
lb/bu
Pendleton *
Yield
Hgt
lb/A
in
2437
2484
2952
2311
1901
2616
2402
2503
2240
2690
51.1
52.7
51.8
51.2
51.9
51.6
52.0
51.4
51.7
2615
Viking
2191
50.9
2023
Average
PLSD (5%)
CV (%)
2429
NS
20
51.6
0.7
2810
415
2506
NS
1
11
13
Nutiva
Rubin
Santana
Tandem
2275
2839
3082
3069
2951
3111
2765
2792
2547
68
68
61
71
68
70
71
72
66
73
62
72
68.5
Powell Butte
Yield
TW
lb/A
lb/bu
2582
2302
2738
2505
2707
2645
2427
2551
2816
50.5
50.1
50.2
50.3
51.0
50.2
50.5
50.7
49.8
2661
50.4
2593
NS
22
50.4
NS
2
* Two dates of seeding were used at Pendleton due to seed arrival date and field conditions. Eight varieties were
seeded on September 15, 1987. The other four varieties were planted on September 29, 1987. Direct statistical corn -.
parison should not be made between the two variety sets.
6
Table 3a. Agronomic data from 1987-88 winter rapeseed trials in Eastern Oregon
Variety
Arabella
Cascade
Ceres
Glacier
Lindora
Lirabon
Liradonna
Nutiva
Rubin
Santana
Tandem
Viking
Average
PLSD (5%)
CV (%)
Madras
Yield
TW
kg/ha
kg/m3
Yield
kg/ha
Pendleton *
Yield
Hgt
kg/m3
cm
2729
2782
3306
2588
2129
2930
2690
2803
2509
3013
658
678
667
659
668
664
669
662
665
3180
3452
3437
3305
3484
2454
655
2266
2720
NS
20
664
9
3147
465
2807
NS
1
11
13
2929
2548
3097
3127
2853
172
172
154
180
172
177
180
182
167
185
157
182
173
Powell Butte
Yield
TW
kg/ha
kg/m3
2892
2578
3067
2806
3032
2962
2718
2857
3154
650
645
646
647
656
646
650
653
641
2980
649
2904
NS
22
649
NS
2
* Two dates of seeding were used at Pendleton due to seed arrival date and field conditions. Eight varieties were
seeded on September 15, 1987. The other four varieties were planted on September 29, 1987. Direct statistical comparison should not be made between the two variety sets.
7
Table 4.
Variety Yields at Various Sites for 1987 and 1988 Expressed as Percent of Site Yield Average
Madras
Corvallis
Variety
1987
1988
1987
Pendleton
1988
1987
Average
1988
yield as % of site ave
Arabella
Bienvenu
Bridger
Cascade
Ceres
Dwarf Essex
Glacier
Jet Neuf
Lindora
Lirabon
Liradonna
Nutiva
Rubin
Sanatana
Tandem
Viking
104
131
73
96
114
113
120
92
82
132
99
129
101
84
85
70
107
113
80
71
117
100
85
98
114
99
101
113
125
102
113
102
97
103
122
76
74
98
102
121
89
106
93
91
104
95
104
101
100
117
116
78
108
97
104
109
74
111
110
109
105
111
110
99
102
111
103
114
107
99
104
72
80
99
103
103
100
92
90
8
97
112
71
87
108
106
102
95
97
Fig. 1 Cultural Practice Information for Corvallis Site
Year: 1987-88
Location:
Corvallis, Oregon
Hyslop Farm, Field 1-8, west end
Elevation - 225 ft (69 m)
Latitude 44.63 N
Longitude - 123.2° W
Cultural Practices:
Planted
Field History
Seeding Rate
Row Spacing
Plot Size
Fertilizer
Pesticides
Swathed
Combined
September 10, 1987; Field pre-irrigated
- Fallow, Winter Wheat
- 12 seeds/sq ft (129 seeds/sq m)
- 8 inches (20.3 cm)
- 4 ft (1.2 m) by 33 ft (10 m)
- 100 lb/A (112 kg/ha) 30-0-0-6 ppi
- 1.5 lb/A (1.7 kg/ha) Boron Sept. 16, 1988
- 220 lb/A (246 kg/ha) 46-0-0-0 March 4, 1988
- 30 lb/A S (34 kg/ha) as Gypsum March 10, 1988
- 3 lb/A (3.36 kg/ha) Devrinol Sept. 22, 1987
- June 27, July 5 & 6, 1988 (by hand)
- July 1, 12 & 13, 1988 (Wintersteiger Seed Master)