The U.S. Green Building Council New York Upstate Chapter is a
Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing
Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this
program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of
Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are
available upon request.
This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional
education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed
or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any
material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using,
distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be
addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
1
Copyright Materials
This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright
laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the
presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited.
© U.S. Green Building Council New York Upstate Chapter 2011
2
Learning Objectives
Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot for Existing Homes in NYS / - NYSGBC7 / 2011
Learning Units:
1
Credit Designations:
LU|HSW|SD
Learning Objective 1:
Learning Objective 2:
Cite two energy efficiency details of examples shown
Name two building envelope strategies to accomplish
deep energy reductions.
Learning Objective 3:
Explain how low loads can be incorporated with
smaller mechanicals
Learning Objective 4:
Provide two strategies for providing ventilation
3
Course Evaluations
In order to maintain high-quality learning experiences, please access the
evaluation for this course by logging into CES Discovery and clicking on
the Course Evaluation link on the left side of the page.
4
Deep Energy Retrofit Pilot (DRP)
for
Existing Homes in NYS
NYS Green Building Conference
Greg Pedrick
March 25, 2011
5
Overview of DRP Delivery
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6
Why needed, why do it
Design of Program
Collaboration
Field Work
Lessons and Hurdles
Results
What’s Next ….
Why DER is Needed …
• Fuel sources, therefore fuel prices are volatile, provides “hedge”
• Operating costs burden homeowners, money exits local economy
• Can we reduce the demands for fuel by improving the condition
of current housing stock, and the houses being built
• Current weatherization/Home performance strategies
– (insulation placed between studs, 15% reductions)
vs.
• Deep Energy Retrofit strategies
– (install insulation to exterior, air seal, reduce mechanicals, 65 – 75%
reductions, provides step function boost)
• Benefits to preserving entrained energy of existing stock
• Benefits of adding additional space to existing houses
7
Age of Existing US Housing Stock
Almost 60 million housing units built before the first oil embargo in 1973
8
Source: American Housing Survey 2005
© Marc Rosenbaum - EnergySmiths
Average Well Production (MMcf)
Number of Wells Drilled per Annum
Declining natural gas well production
U.S. 1989-2008
85
75
65
55
45
Increasing number of NG wells drilled
U.S. 1990-2008
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
9
Source: Journal of Nat Gas; Energy Information Administration (EIA)
“To achieve the carbon reductions needed
to prevent a global ecological catastrophe,
almost every house in North America will
need a deep energy retrofit.” …
(Martin Holladay – Green Building Advisor)
August 2009
10
Candidates for DER …
• Continuing to build
tomorrow’s retrofits
• Conventional
construction techniques
will always create thermal
bridging
•House is < 12 yrs old,
located near Troy, NY
11
Heat flow and R values in walls
Foam (SPF) placed ON the wall is
a strategy for reducing thermal bridging.
2x6 cellulose 18% wood
Nominal R21, Actual R = 15.8
77% of nominal R21
12
2x6 cellulose 18% wood 4” SPF
Nominal R45, Actual R = 41.0
90% of nominal R45
Credit: Marc Rosenbaum (Energysmiths)
Design of Program
13
Scope
• Engage a Building Science Team to develop a teachable &
repeatable, non-invasive insulation strategy, technical
specifications and complimentary whole house correction
techniques that enable a 75% energy reduction to available
housing stock
• Develop bid specifications that compliment the strategy, allow
for evaluation and tracking of costs
• Identify a subset of BPI Contractors to learn the strategy
• Identify through screening a subset of housing stock to
receive the deep energy retrofit strategies
14
Scope, continued …
• Strategy developed lends itself well with Housing stock found
in upstate New York.
• Exterior insulation solutions, optimize existing siding, if roof
good perform attic insulation improvement
• Minimize Occupant Interruptions
• Provide solutions to Houses on Weatherization Waiting Lists
• Address both single family and two family houses
• Select Geographic Area with qualified contractors nearby, and
need for economic injection
15
Technical Goals
• Desired Specification to Achieve Deep Energy Retrofit Goals:
Slab Floor R = 10
Below Grade Walls (BGW) R = 20
Above Grade Walls (AGW ) R = 40
Roof/Attic R = 40 => 60
Windows R = 4
thermal bridging total envelope area not to exceed 1%,
0.12 CFM 50/sq ft
total ductwork leakage not to exceed 3% max. air flow
at 25 Pa.
Air tightness < 0.15 CFM 50 per sq ft surface area (SSF)
Overall house load reduction between 65 – 75%
16
Effective Process …
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Provide Training (Classroom, In-field)
Prepare bid documents
“Open House” day, evaluate/view the housing groups
Estimate labor to perform tasks
Locate and procure materials
Evaluate and adjust existing business model
Allow for education, first pass scenario, ramp up to
economies of scale
• Building Science consultant (VEIC) retained for backup
and field questions
17
Assuring Success
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
18
Customer agreements to protect all involved
Initial screening of BPI Contractors w/high scores
Secondary screening of attending classroom training
Open house and forum offered
Provide photos and specific details of each house
Grouping of houses, Group ‘A’ and Group ‘B’
Maintain transparency
Manage homeowner’s expectations
Houses not chosen for retrofit served through
normal channels of WAP and Empower
Training for BPI Contractors
19
Pilot Location: Utica, NY (Oneida County)
Four projects completed
HDD’s ~ 7,200
20
Collaboration
21
Building Science
22
Housing Community Renewal ( HCR)
• local Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP)
(Mohawk Valley Community Action Agency)
– Complimentary funding
– Assistance with logistics
– Quality Control
– Management of Expectations
23
Selected BPI Contractors
24
Manufacturers
325 Series
R480 Series
25
R75LSi, AHB Series
26
ENERBOSS
Take-offs - fill these in with the actual dimensions of respective DRP house
Gross
Windows
area
Glass
doors
Doors
Net area
Basement walls below grade
680
Basement walls above grade
Above Grade Walls (AGW),
include eaves
Floor to uncond. Basement
Flat ceiling
Sloped roof
Floor over outdoors
Slab area
Heated basement perimeter
Slab on grade perimeter
Interior volume, cond.
Basement volume
Heated floor area
408
20.28
0
0
388
1224
1092
1118
0
26
1092
0
0
9828
8736
1118
63
42
21
1098
Glass
doors
Windows
Uncond.
Basement
South
East
North
West
Dimensions for Material
Estimates
Roof (SF)
Roof Perimeter (LF)
AGW, net area (SF)
Basement Walls (SF)
Basement Floor (SF)
# of AGW Windows (each)
Window Perimeter (LF, all)
27
0
4
4
5
5
680
0
House Take offs
link to “Bid sheet”
Doors
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
DRP 1
DRP
3_4
DRP 2
1120
136
1098
1068
1092
12
312
DRP
5_6
DRP 8
DRP 27
DRP 31
DRP 34
Partial Bid Sheet …
28
Specifications that support Sub - Tasks
29
30
Slab-foundation wall detail
NYSERDA DEEP Energy Retrofit Pilot- Utica, NY
Prepared by Vermont Energy Investment Corporation
4/1/10
2” Foil faced
polyisocyanurate
foam insulation
2” Dow Perimate or similar,
installed with drain grooves
vertical & against masonry
½” Tile backer board or
similar durable, water
resistant walking surface
Existing block
foundation wall
4” strip of drainage
mat/vapor barrier
Hold Perimate foam
insulation ¼” off floor
for drainage
2” Extruded polystyrene
Drainage mat/vapor barrier
Existing slab
31
Existing
foundation footer
Field Work …
• Building Contractors awarded
bids to begin work (May 2010)
•Secure building permit from
respective City/Town Authority
•Acquire certified Lead abatement
documentation and Pollution
Occurrence Insurance
•Order materials
(allow for long lead times)
•Stage the material at/near
jobsite
•Coordinate with homeowner to
remove personal effects from
working areas, e.g. basements,
attics
•Smile, laugh, stay positive!
32
Before, During, After
33
Below Grade Walls (BGW)
34
BGW (continued …)
35
36
37
Above Grade Walls (AGW)
38
AGW (continued …)
39
40
Windows Remain or Windows are Replaced …
41
Obstacles to the Strategy, and Solutions …
42
Bonus of additional 120 sq. ft, & conditioned …
43
Roof / Attic Strategies …
44
45
‘Settling’ on the Attic
46
Comprehensive Mechanicals Suggested …
Credit: Armin Rudd (BSC)
47
Combi -System w/fan coil installed …
48
HRV interlocked with Fan Coil Blower Motor
(best utilizes the fan blower ecm)
49
Another Version … dhw, hrv and fan coil
50
Supporting Details …
51
52
53
54
55
Lessons and Hurdles
• Retrofitting exposes unforeseen, lurking conditions
typical of older housing stock, i.e. – undersized electrical
service, lead in water lines, unlined venting devices,
“damp” basements with improper drainage, poor backfill
• Beware of Historic District requirements
• Avoid increasing homeowners property taxes, i.e.
increase of home’s market value from DER
• Strategies may actually add kW load:
- continuous ventilation fans, sump pump
• Convey Building Science solutions to field in “timely”
fashion (the train keeps moving …)
• Reduce the number of trips around the house for
contractor
56
BPI Contractor’s Experiences
• Building Material Suppliers, difficulty locating some
specified materials, i.e. Perimate, Thermax
• Bulk purchasing reduces costs, builders in need of 35
sheets of material have to buy skid of 80
• Workman’s Comprehensive Insurance (i.e. roof)
• Align/inform neighboring owners
• Acquire Building Permits, > $10,000 of work
• Coordinate with Utilities:
– Gas meter temporarily relocated
– Electrical meter socket and feed, temporarily relocated
– Water meters/ Water Authority
57
Results / Indirect Benefits
• ACH 50 reductions > 70 %
• 300,000 Btu/hr systems
replaced with 45,000 Btu/hr
systems
• Enabled combi-tank less
heating and whole house
ventilation systems
• Eliminated auxiliary heating
devices
• Provide quieter homes,
longevity, structural integrity
58
Air Infiltration Measurements
Change in Air Flow
20
18
ACH 50 from CFM Meas.
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
DRP1
DRP2
DRP 3_4
Deep Energy Retrofit Houses
59
DRP 34
35.0
Measured Site Energy Consumption,
Before and DER
30.0
MMBtu
25.0
20.0
26.1
15.0
24.9
20.6
10.0
13.6
7.6
8.7
5.0
3.8
2.4
10.8
11.1
9.5
3.5
0.0
Oct-09 Oct-10 Nov-09 Nov-10 Dec-09 Dec-10 Jan-10 Jan-11 Feb-10 Feb-11 Mar-10 Mar-11
Heat Energy
Electric
Energy
60
Fall - Winter Months
'09 - '10 Before,
'10 - '11 DER
Snapshot of Costs
(averaged over 4 completed projects)
• Slab Floor + Foundation Wall (BGW):
• Exterior Walls including Windows ,Doors (AGW):
• Roof /Attic:
• Comprehensive, Reduced Mechanical Systems :
• Unforeseen Conditions :
Complete Project:
– (less unforeseen conditions)
$16,196
$40,421
$11,728
$12,243
$17,268
$94,229
$76,961
Solar PV 4 kW installation (face value cost)
$28,000
less :(36% owner, 25% state incentive, 39% PV tax credit )
61
Four (4) Completed DER Sites …
DRP 1
DRP 2
DRP 3_4
DRP 34
Age of Home (yrs.)
100
100
100
100
Finished Floor Area (sq ft)
960
1,118
2,754
1,534
Total Occupants
2
4
7
6
CFM 50 before / DER (ssf)
1.22 / 0.35
1.16 / 0.22
0.92 / 0.18
0.63 / 0.28
(reduced 71%)
(reduced 81%)
(reduced 81%)
(reduced 56%)
Below Grade Wall (BGW)
$14,833
$13,767
$15,985
$20,199
Above Grade Wall (AGW),
windows and doors
$29,588
$44,676
$66,070
$54,387
Roof / Attic
$17,460
$11,414
$23,693
$6,192
Mechanicals
$13,401
$11,497
$13,036
$11,041
Unforeseen Conditions
$22,917
$14,865
$25,217
$18,681
Total Project Cost
$98,199
$96,219
$144,001
$110,500
Less Unforeseen Conditions
(per unit cost)
Reduced Therm Use Value
(limited reporting period)
$75,282
$81,354
$59,392
$91,819
$426 *
$340 *
$926 *
* therm reduction value neglects displaced auxiliary heat
62
$715
What Deep Energy Retrofit Does …
• Step function “boost” to significant energy
improvements ( > 60% reductions)
• Improved existing housing stock
• Work opportunities that align with home
improvement projects , i.e. siding, roof,
windows
63
What Deep Energy Retrofit Does NOT Require …
•
•
•
•
•
64
Senate legislation to be approved
EPA rulings to be made
Governors to sign bills into law
Judges to overrule on previous decisions made
Outsourcing of the labor to a foreign country
What’s Next …
• Teach siding and roofing contractors DRP
• Educate lending institutions this is a viable, solution
with longevity, that improves equity investment
• Good people needed with: vision, ingenuity, sense of
humor, determination and resources
• Increase life of measure for this insulation strategy
and expose this work to Insurance Companies
• Develop robust material/methods to reduce sq ft.
application costs
65
Questions …
Could Deep Energy Retrofit adopt the
model that Solar PV took ??
Greg Pedrick, C.E.M.
NYSERDA
17 Columbia Circle
Albany, NY 12203 – 6399
gap@nyserda.org
www.nyserda.org/advancedbuildings/
66
Low Load Houses Enable Collaboration
Data collection setup for combi-tank less system analysis, synergy w/ BSC
67
Other In-Field Hoops Encountered …
68
69
70
71
72