3/19/2010
The Bagrada Bug, a New Invasive Pest of Cole Crops
John Palumbo, Yuma Ag Center
University of Arizona, Yuma
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Harlequin bug
Murgantia histronica
Bagrada bug
Bagrada hilaris
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
It was common to see the small stink bug walking on the bed surface, and
not unusual to find mating pairs walking on plants and soil surfaces
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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Bagrada bugs will lay eggs on the leaves, and in the soil underneath the plants. A single female can lay as many as 100 eggs within 2 to 3 weeks. The incubation period is 4 to 8 days. This eggmass was found on a broccoli cotyledon in the Yuma Valley.
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Here is the same egg mass ‐ after 4 days at room temperature.
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Although mating was obviously occurring, we did not observe any egg masses on the plants. The above
image shows what we presume is a neonate, newly hatched nymph found crawling on the soil surface. Note
its size relative to the knife blade.
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Bagrada bug - biology (India / Pakastan)
Egg hatch
Nymph development
Pre-oviposition period
Development Time (days)
30
20
10
0
75o F
86o F
95o F
Average Temperature
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Bagrada bug - biology (India / Pakastan)
Egg hatch
Nymph development
Pre-oviposition period
Adult Longevity (days)
30
Development Time (days)
25
30
20
15
20
10
10
5
0
0
75oo F
95o F
86o F
95o F
86o F
75 F
Average Temperature
Average Temperature
Bagrada bug - biology (India / Pakastan)
Egg hatch
Nymph development
Pre-oviposition period
Adult
Longevity
Fecundity
(eggs(days)
/ female)
30
25
Development Time (days)
199
95
30
20
15
20
45
10
10
5
0
0
75oo F
75 F
86o F
86o F
95o F
95o F
Average Temperature
Average Temperature
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Host Range
Cruciferous
Agronomic
canola
broccoli
cauliflower
cabbage
broccoflower
chard
mizuna
bok choy
napa
arugula
potaoto
maize
sorghum
cotton
legumes (?)
kale
turnips
radish
mustards
rutabaga
collards
wheat
pearl millet
Capers
p
Host Range
Weeds
lambsquarter
black mustard
purple nutsedge
Euphorbia spp.
perennial sowthistle
field bindweed
shepardspurse (?)
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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Host Range
***
Major pest of Canola & Brassica seed crops
Symptoms / Damage
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Damage on leaves might be mistaken for herbicide damage (e.g., Goaltender)
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Injured Plants (%)
100
Wilted Terminal
Dead Terminal
80
60
40
20
0
2 days
3 days
2 days
3 days
Infested Plants
Check
(1 adult / plant)
(no adults)
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Adult bragada bug feeding on broccoli cotyledon, Coachella Valley, CA, Sep 2009.
Note: the mouthparts underneath head inserted into leaf tissue (arrow)
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
2
3
1
4
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
This is your Broccoli
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
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This is your Broccoli on bagrada bugs
4
3
2
8
7
5
6
1
J.C. Palumbo, Univ. of Arizona
Are Bagrada bugs more active at Night ?
Consperse stink bug Euschistus conspersus 16
3/19/2010
Are Bagrada bugs more active at Night ?
Southern Green Stink Bug
Nezara virdula
Effective Chemical Control – India and Pakastan
OP / CH
Carbamates
Lorsban
Azodrin
Endosulfan
MSR
lindane
malathion
Sevin
dichlorvos
phosalone
MSR
Pyrethroid
Warrior
Mustang
Asana
Danitol
fluvalinate
pyrethrin
Seed
Treatments
Azodrin
phosphamidon
carbosulfan
lindane
Others
Garlic
Pepper
Soap
Tobacco
Neem
Economic Threshold:
-Seedlings:
-Larger plants:
1 bug/m2
3 bugs
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Bagrada bugs / 20 plants
2.0
Trial I
1.5
- Sep 24, 2009
- broccoli
- cotyledon stage
- 20 GPA
3 DAT
5 DAT
1.0
05
0.5
0.0
NAI 2302
Belay
Brigade
Brigade
5 oz
Lannate
0.5 lb
Untreated
2.0
Trial II
1.5
- Sep 29
29, 2009
- cabbage
- cotyledon
- 24 GPA
2 DAT
3 DAT
5 DAT
1.0
0.5
0.0
Mustang
4 oz
Bagrada Bugs
Untreated
Alternatives for Bagrada bug
Control in Desert Cole Crops
Lannate
Lorsban
Diazinon
Orthene
Warrior
Mustang Max
Asana
Voliam Xpress
1
Venom
Assail
Belay
2
• All of these products have shown
good control of Harliquin bug in the
southern and eastern U.S.
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