2409.12_40
Page 1 of 17
FOREST SERVICE HANDBOOK
JUNEAU, ALASKA
FSH 2409.12 - TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE
REPORTING
Supplement No.: R-10 2409.12-2016-3
Effective Date: April 1, 2016
Duration: Effective until superseded or removed
Approved: /s/ Beth G. Pendleton
BETH G. PENDLETON
Regional Forester
Date Approved: April 5, 2016
Posting Instructions: Supplements are numbered consecutively by Handbook number and
calendar year. Post by document; remove entire document and replace with this supplement.
Retain this transmittal as the first page of this document. The last supplement to this Handbook
was R-10 supplement 2409.12-2016-2 to Chapter 20.
New Document(s):
2409.12_40-2016-3
17 Pages
Superseded Document(s):
2409.12_40 (2409.12-2006-5, 5/15/2006)
17 Pages
Digest:
41.8:
Removes grade #6 from Sitka Spruce and Hemlock
Updates Western Red Cedar grade rules
Updates slope of grain factors for a grade #2 Sitka Spruce and Hemlock
Changes the utility factor for Sitka Spruce to 5% and Hemlock to 10%
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 2 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
41 - CRUISE PLANNING
41.1 - Sampling Error Standards
For sales that do not meet standards, use the following procedures to bring the sale into
compliance with standards.
Cruise Method
Procedure
100 Percent Cruise
Method
Sample Tree
 Measure your insurance trees.
Cruise Method
 If no insurance trees, re-cruise the strata.
Do Not:
 Measure additional trees outside of the established frequency.
 Combine sample groups if the frequencies are different.
 Combine the strata with another sample tree strata if the frequencies
are different.
3P Cruise Method  Measure your insurance trees
 If no insurance trees, re-cruise the strata
Do Not:
 Measure additional trees outside of the established KZ values.
 Combine sample groups if the KZ values are different.
 Combine the strata with another 3P strata if the KZ values are
different.
Sample Tree – 3P  Measure your second-stage insurance trees.
Cruise Method
 If no insurance trees, re-cruise the strata.
Do Not:
 Measure additional trees outside of the established frequency and KZ
values.
 Combine sample groups if your frequencies or KZ values are different.
 Combine strata with another S3P strata if the frequencies or KZ values
are different.
Variable Plot
 Add additional plots using same procedure to establish the original plot
Cruise Method
locations.
Do Not:
 Combine the strata with another variable plot strata if the plots were
established using a different basal area factor.
 Combine the strata with another variable plot strata if the frequency of
plots (plots per acre) is different.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 3 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
Cruise Method
Fixed Plot Cruise
Method
Procedure
 Add additional plots using same procedure to establish the original plot
locations.
Do Not:
 Combine the strata with another fixed plot strata if the plots were
established using a different fixed plot size.
 Combine the strata with another fixed plot strata if the frequency of
plots (plots per acre) is different.
Point
 Add additional plots using the same procedure to establish the original
Count/Measure
plot locations.
Cruise Method
 Use the same Count to Measure Frequency.
Do Not:
 Combine the strata with another Point Count/Measure strata if the plots
were established using a different BAF.
 Combine the strata with another Point Count/Measure strata if the
frequency of plots (plots per acre) is different.
 Combine the strata with another Point Count/Measure strata if the
Count to Measure frequency is different.
Never:
 Combine a Point Count/Measure Strata with a Variable Plot Strata,
even if the BAF and plot frequencies are the same.
Variable Plot – 3P  Measure your second stage insurance trees.
Cruise Method
 Add additional plots using same procedure to establish the original plot
locations.
 Use the same KZ values.
Do Not:
 Measure additional plots using different KZ values.
 Combine the strata with another P3P strata if the plot frequency (plots
per acre), KZ values or BAF are different.
3P Point (Biomass)  Add additional plots using same procedure to establish the original plot
Cruise Method
locations.
 Use the same KZ values.
Do Not:
 Measure additional plots using different KZ values.
 Combine the strata with another 3PPNT strata if the plot frequency
(plots per acre), KZ values or BAF are different.
Forest Supervisors may establish sampling errors on sales under $2,000, beach log sales, log
deck sales, and salvage (catastrophic damage) sales.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 4 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
41.7 - Special Instructions
5. Road Right-of-Way Volume Determination. All road right-of-way volume on timber
sales shall be cruised. The methodology for achieving this should be determined during the
cruise design phase of timber sale preparation. Use the most appropriate method in conjunction
with the cruise design for the sale as a whole. If a timber sale includes road construction outside
harvest unit boundaries, the cruise plan will include a section showing the total right-of-way
length (miles), timbered right-of-way length (miles), and timbered right-of-way acres outside
harvest units. The cruise plan will also show the cruise method used to determine the volume on
the right-of-way acres. An accurate determination of right-of-way volume is a critical part of a
timber sale cruise and an important component for the appraisal process.
Right-of-way volume will be cruised and processed using the National Cruise Program to
provide reports displaying the right-of-way volume. This should be accomplished by defining
right-of-way as a separate harvest unit. If a large amount of right-of-way is involved, cruise
designers may wish to create more than one right-of-way unit to facilitate release for road
construction or to make right-of-way units coincide with road construction segments. If the sale
has more than one right-of-way unit, then designate right-of-way units in the following manner:
RWA, RWB, RWC, and so forth. The National Cruise program allows 3 characters for unit
designations.
Acreage determination for timbered right-of-way outside of harvest units will be accomplished
by the most accurate available methods (for example: engineer's acreage estimates, traverse
data, clearing width averages, aerial photography, Global Positioning System observations or a
combination of methods).
Use locally available cruise methods that are the most cost efficient within the limitations of the
National Cruise Program. Most cruise methods will give satisfactory results. Variable Plot is a
preferred method and works especially well if a large portion of the sale is planned for variable
plot cruising. Fixed plot and tree-based methods such as 100 percent or sample tree will also
give acceptable results. 3P cruising for right-of-way is not recommended.
6. Cruise Planning-Deleting Cruised Volume by Cruise Method. Many events can lead
to deleting volume from a sale in the sale preparation phase. New information is often
discovered in the course of an initial cruise. For example,
a. Discoveries related to threatened and endangered species or other resource
concerns often subtract areas from sales;
b. Last minute changes in sale objectives may shift areas into and out of a cruise;
c. Appeals and lawsuits;
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 5 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
d. Inadequately prepared silvicultural prescriptions; or
e. Damage events like windthrow or insect infestations may occur.
When designing a cruise, plan for change, it happens. This just means organizing your initial
cruise design to facilitate change (for example, “defensive cruising”). Often this is just the
record keeping cost for tracking tallies and samples by species, diameter class, cutting unit, or
parts of cutting units. Be careful to keep defensive cruising efforts and costs in line with the
expectations for change. Some “defensive cruise” strategies may include: (1) tallying and
mapping by unit or sub unit features; (2) tracking tree tallies by dbh and species, (3) using
sample groups by dbh class and/or species, and (4) using insurance trees.
There are many ways to deal with cruise adjustments when volume must be deleted from a cruise
run. The cleanest way, if possible, is to simply delete the tallies (or KPI’s) and measure trees
from the data and re-run it. If it is not possible to identify the deleted volume from the original
cruise data, the volume to be deleted can be cruised as a block. The resulting error for the
volume remaining in the sale is:
E rem 
(Vt * Et ) 2  (Vdel * E del ) 2
(Vt  Vdel )
E rem = sampling error of remaining volume
Vt = total volume
Et = sampling error of total volume
V del = deleted volume
E del = sampling error of deleted volume
Use the following procedures for deleting volume from a cruise.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 6 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
Cruise Method
100 Percent Cruise
Method
Deleting Individual Trees
 Deleting a Species
-Delete all trees of the species from the
cruise.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-Delete all trees of the diameter class
from the cruise.
Sample Tree Cruise
Method
 Deleting a Species
-Delete all of the count and measured
trees for that species from the cruise.
-If you cannot identify the count trees
by species, re-tally the species and
delete the tally from the cruise.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-If you cannot identify the count trees by
the diameter class to be deleted, re-cruise
the strata or re-tally the diameter class to
be removed and delete the tally from the
count trees and the measured trees that
fall in the diameter class.
3P Cruise Method
 Deleting a Species
-If sample grouped by species, delete
the sum of the KPI and all measured
trees for that species.
-If did not sample group by species, recruise strata.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-If sampled grouped by diameter class,
delete the sum of the KPI and all
measured trees for that sample group.
-If you did not sample group by
diameter class, re-cruise strata.
 Deleting a Species
-If sample grouped by species, delete
the count, the sum of the KPI, and all
measured trees for that species.
-If did not sample group by species, recruise strata.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-If sample grouped by diameter class,
delete the count, the sum of the kpi and
all measured trees for that sample
group.
-If you did not sample group by
diameter class, re-cruise strata.
Sample Tree – 3P
Cruise Method
Deleting Areas
 Entire Units
-Delete all measured trees from the
cruise within the unit.
 Partial Units
-Identify the trees in the area to be
removed (This might mean going back
to the field).
-Delete the measured trees from the
cruise.
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete all of the count and measured
trees for that unit from the cruise.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Visit the area to be removed.
-Tally the trees and identify the
measure trees within the area to be
removed.
-Delete the tallied tree counts (by
sample group) and the measured trees
from the cruise.
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete the sum of the KPI and all
measured trees within the removed
unit.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Re-cruise the unit keeping the same
KZ value.
-Re-cruise the strata with different KZ
values if necessary.
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete the count, the sum of the KPI,
and all measured trees within the
removed unit.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Re-cruise the unit keeping the same
frequency and KZ value.
-Re-cruise the strata with different
frequencies and KZ values if necessary.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 7 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
Cruise Method
Variable Plot Cruise
Method
Fixed Plot Cruise
Method
Point Count/Measure
Cruise Method
Deleting Individual Trees
 Deleting A Species
-Delete all the measured trees for that
species from each plot.
 Deleting a Diameter Class.
-Delete all of the measured trees for that
diameter class from each plot.
 Caution
-Do not change the number of plots in
the strata. If a plot contains only the
removed species or diameter class, a
zero tree plot must be added to the
strata.
 Deleting A Species
-Delete all the measured trees for that
species from each plot.
 Deleting a Diameter Class.
-Delete all of the measured trees for that
diameter class from each plot.
 Caution
-Do not change the number of plots in
the strata. If a plot contains only the
removed species or diameter class, a
zero tree plot must be added to the
strata.
 Deleting a Species
-If you can identify the count trees by
species, delete all the count and
measured trees from the plots for the
species to be removed.
-If not, revisit all of the plots and
identify the species counts. Delete all
the count and measured trees for the
species to be removed.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-Revisit all of the plots and identify the
counts by diameter class. Delete all
count and measured trees for the
diameter class to be removed.
 Caution
-Do not change the number of plots in
the strata. If a plot contains only the
removed species or diameters, a zero
tree plot must be added to the strata.
Deleting Areas
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete all of the plots for that unit
from the cruise.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Identify and delete all plots from the
removed area.
-Update the unit acres.
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete all of the plots for that unit
from the cruise.
Deleting a Partial Unit
-Identify and delete all plots from the
removed area.
-Update the unit acres.
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete all of the plots for that unit
from the cruise.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Identify and delete all plots (count and
measure) from the removed area.
-Update the unit acres.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 8 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
Cruise Method
Variable Plot – 3P
Cruise Method
3P Point (Biomass)
Cruise Method
Deleting Individual Trees
 Deleting a Species
-If sampled grouped by species, delete
the sum of the KPI and all measure trees
for that species.
-If did not sample by species (or
otherwise keep a separate tally of KPI
by species), re-cruise the strata.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-If you did not sample group by
diameter class, re-cruise strata.
 Deleting a Species
-Re-cruise the strata.
 Deleting a Diameter Class
-Re-cruise the strata.
Deleting Areas
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete all plots within the removed
unit.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Identify and delete all plots from the
removed area.
-Update the unit acres.
 Deleting a Unit
-Delete all plots within the removed
unit.
 Deleting a Partial Unit
-Identify and delete all plots from the
removed area.
-Update the Unit Acres.
Forest Supervisors may establish sampling errors on sales under $2,000, beach log sales, log
deck sales, and salvage (catastrophic damage) sales.
41.8 - Quality and Value Determination
1. Log Grading. These grading rules are based on the external characteristics of the
standing tree and are devised to give correlating grades in the same logs when graded using the
official log grading rules developed by the Northwest Log Rules Advisory Group. The log
grades are based on lumber grade recovery and were developed from board-foot measurement
methods.
Grade rules predict the log quality for products of lumber and make no reference to volume
recovery except where soundness is required by certain grades.
Each 32-foot log should be carefully inspected and assigned the highest grade possible until
reason is found for a lower grade.
2. Definitions That Apply to Grading With Standing Tree Cruises.
a. Diameter. The diameter inside bark (d.i.b.) at the top end of each graded log.
b. Length. Grade logs, except alder, in 32-foot lengths on standing tree cruises.
c. Grade Defect. Any characteristic that adversely influences the grade of a log is
grade defect.
d. Surface Clear. Those portions of a log, which are free of an evidence of grade,
defect, for example, knots or knot indicators.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 9 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
e. Log Face. A side or surface portion of a log equal to one-fourth the circumference
is a log face.
f. Cull. Wood not suitable for lumber is cull.
g. Slope of Grain. Bark twist or fissures indicate deviation from straight grain.
h. Live Knots. Knots formed by live limbs and recently dead limbs.
i. Dead Knots. Knots formed by dead limbs or stubs (loose bark or without bark) are
dead knots.
j. Scaling Cylinder. An imaginary cylinder extending the length of the log with a
diameter equal to that measured, inside the bark, at the small end of the log.
k. Knot Indicators. Bark disruptions, bumps, or other evidence of a grown-over knot.
l. Knot Cluster. A group of two or more knots growing as a unit is a knot cluster.
3. General Grading Instructions.
a. Grading should start with the log face having knots or limbs lowest on the tree
bole.
b. Grade or volume defect in adjoining logs should be considered if they appear to
extend into the log being graded.
c. Burls are not normally considered a grade defect, but may affect net volume if
unsound.
d. Adventitious sprouts usually affect only outer sapwood that is removed with the
bark slab and are not a grade defect unless unusually large.
e. Conks are not a grade defect but are an important indication of rot, which usually
extends 10 to 12 feet from the conk up and down the tree bole.
f. Live spruce limbs are indicative of knot size. Local studies will assist the cruiser
in determining actual knot size in proportion to live hemlock limb sizes.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 10 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
g. Grading utility volume cannot be incorporated into the cull log cruising
techniques, as it would require a very high degree of cruising and scaling experience
to accurately estimate the utility component based solely on external indicators. The
method for calculating utility volume is defined in 41.8 (4).
4. Method for Calculating Utility Volume.
a. Do not attempt to cruise for utility in the field. To do this based only on external
indicators would require a very high degree of cruising and scaling experience.
b. Find the percent hidden defect for each species in your area from Chapter 22 of
this handbook.
c. Use a utility factor of 5 percent for spruce and 10 percent for hemlock and increase
hidden defect as shown on 41.8 – Exhibit01 - Hidden Defect and Percent Recoverable
Secondary Product Tables. Enter the corresponding percent recoverable secondary
product and the increased hidden defect into the appropriate fields in the cruise
program. For example, if the hidden defect factor for spruce is 8 you would enter 13
from the table below, into the sub-population table in the hidden defect percent field,
and you would enter 5 into the recoverable product field in the sub-population table.
d. When conditions warrant, these utility factors may be adjusted to fit local
conditions. Any factor used other than those listed in b above must be accompanied
by defensible documentation.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 11 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
41.8 - Exhibit01
Hidden Defect and Percent Recoverable Secondary Product Tables
Utility Factor = 5%
Sitka Spruce
Utility Factor = 10%
Hemlock
Percent Recoverable = 5%1
% Hidden
Defect
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
1
Entered
% Hidden
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Percent Recoverable = 11%1
% Hidden
Entered
Defect
% Hidden
1
11
2
12
3
13
4
14
5
15
6
15
7
16
8
17
9
18
10
19
11
20
12
21
13
22
14
23
15
24
16
24
17
25
18
26
19
27
20
28
21
29
22
30
23
31
24
32
25
33
26
33
27
34
28
35
29
36
30
37
Note: the Percent Recoverable value is a constant for each Utility Factor.
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 12 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
RED ALDER GRADE RULES
No. 1
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 16"
2. Minimum length - 16'
3. 75% surface clear
4. Suitable for rotary cutting
No. 2
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 12"
2. Minimum length – 16’
3. 50% Surface clear
No. 3
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 10"
2. Minimum length – 16’
3. Surface- No requirements
No. 4
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 5"
2. Minimum length – 16’
3. Surface- No requirements
4. Minimum volume – 10 board feet NET scale
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 13 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
ALASKA CEDAR GRADE RULES
Peeler/Select
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 24"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. 100% surface clear
4. Slope of grain - < 3" per foot
5. Suitable for rotary cutting
No. 1
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 24"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. 75% surface clear
4. Slope of grain - < 3" per foot
No. 6 (Special Mill)
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 16"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots. Sound live or dead knots not to exceed 1 ½” in diameter,
numbering not more than an average of one per foot on the entire
circumference of the log. Knots or knot indicators less than ½”
in diameter shall not be considered a determining factor. Two
larger knots or knot indicators are permitted anywhere on the
log.
4. Slope of grain must not exceed:
2” per foot on logs 16” thru 20” diameter
3” per foot on logs 21” and over
No. 2
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 12"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots - Three faces must be free of knots over 2 1/2". No
requirements for the fourth face.
4. Slope of grain must not traverse 1/2 the circumference in 12'
No. 3
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 6"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots - No requirements
4. Slope of grain must not traverse 1/2 the log circumference in 6'
SITKA SPRUCE GRADE RULES
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 14 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
Peeler/Select
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 30"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. 90% surface clear;
a. A maximum of 2 knots of any size confined to the upper 4'
on a maximum of 2 faces. Remaining faces clear.
b. 2 knots of any size confined to upper 8' of one face, 3 faces
clear.
4. Slope of grain - < 3" per foot
No. 1
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 24"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. 75% surface clear
4. 3 faces full length, 2 faces full length and bottom of 2 faces 1/2
length, or lower 3/4 of all faces must be free of knots and/or
indicators.
5. Slope of grain - < 3" per foot
No. 2
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 12"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots- A minimum of 3 faces with no requirements for the
fourth face:
a. Any number of live knots 2 1/2" and/or dead knots 1 1/2" or
smaller.
b. Larger live or dead knots with two surfaces clear 6-foot
lengths in each face.
c. A combination of a and b.
4. Slope of grain must not exceed:
2" per foot on logs 12" to 20"
3" per foot on logs 21" to 35"
4" per foot on logs 36" to 50"
5" per foot on logs 51" and over
No. 3
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 6"
2. Minimum length - 32'
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 15 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
3. Knots- No requirements
4. Slope of grain- No requirements
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 16 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
WESTERN AND MOUNTAIN HEMLOCK GRADE RULES
Peeler/Select
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 24"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. 100% surface clear
4. Slope of grain < 3" per foot
5. Suitable for rotary cutting
No. 1
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 24"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. 75% surface clear
4. 3 faces full length, 2 faces full length and bottom of 2 faces 1/2
length, or lower 3/4 of all faces must be free of knots and/or
knot indicators.
5. Slope of grain < 3" per foot.
No. 2
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 12"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots - A minimum of 3 faces with no requirements for
the fourth face:
a. Any number of live knots 2 1/2" and/or dead knots 1 1/2" or
smaller.
b. Larger live or dead knots with two surfaces clear 6-foot
lengths in each face.
c. A combination of a and b.
4. Slope of grain must not exceed
2" per foot on logs 12" to 20"
3" per foot on logs 21" to 35 "
4" per foot on logs 36" to 50"
5" per foot on logs 51" and over
No. 3
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 6"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots - No requirements
4. Slope of grain - No requirements
WESTERN RED CEDAR GRADE RULES
R-10 SUPPLEMENT 2409.12-2016-3
EFFECTIVE DATE: 4/1/2016
DURATION: Effective until superseded or removed
2409.12_40
Page 17 of 17
FSH 2409.12 – TIMBER CRUISING HANDBOOK
CHAPTER 40 – CRUISE PLANNING, DATA RECORDING, AND CRUISE REPORTING
Grade all Western Red Cedar as Grade 5 unless the log is cull, less than 33 1/3 percent sound..
In that case use grade 8.
No. 5
Requirements:
1. Minimum diameter - 6"
2. Minimum length - 32'
3. Knots - No requirements