2012–2014 The University of Texas at Austin l aw sc ho o l c at a l o g The University of Texas at Austin T h e U n i v e r s i t y o f Te x a s a t A u s t i n law school catalog 2012–2014 The Catalog of the University of Texas at Austin The catalog of the University comprises four issues: General Information, the Undergraduate Catalog, the Graduate Catalog, and the Law School Catalog. Each issue is published online by the Office of the Registrar at http://registrar.utexas.edu/ catalogs/. The Undergraduate Catalog is published in August of even-numbered years; the Graduate Catalog is published in August of odd-numbered years; the Law School Catalog is published in February of even-numbered years. These issues contain regulations and degree requirements that apply to undergraduates, graduate students, and students in the School of Law. Regulations are valid only for the period given on the title page; for an explanation of the period for which degree requirements are valid, see “Graduation under a Particular Catalog” in each issue. The list of available course offerings in the following sessions is preliminary and is superseded by the Course Schedule, published online each semester and summer session. General Information, published every August, contains current and historical information about the University and regulations that apply to all students during the academic year given on the title page. General Information is meant to be used along with each of the other issues; each student must be familiar with the regulations given there and with those given in the issue that covers his or her degree program. The catalog of the University is the document of authority for all students. Any academic unit may issue additional or more specific information that is consistent with approved policy. The information in the catalog supersedes that issued by any other unit if there is a conflict between the two. The University reserves the right to change the requirements given in the catalog at any time. Assistance in obtaining information about the University, including costs, refund policies, withdrawal, academic programs, the faculty, accreditation, and facilities and services for disabled persons, is available from V. Shelby Stanfield, Registrar, at (512) 475-7510 and at The University of Texas at Austin, Office of the Registrar, P O Box 7216, Austin TX 78713-7216. Cover: Abraham Lincoln wood carving, as displayed in the Hyder Collection of the Tarlton Law Library. Image use courtesy of The University of Texas Law School Foundation. Issue Number 2012/1, February 2012 THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN is published in four issues by The University of Texas at Austin, Office of the Registrar, 1 University Station Stop M5506, Austin TX 78712-0636. Editorial and production staff Paul E. Castañeda Rashida Y. Douglas Brenda A. Schumann Claire C. Spera Jana D. Tate Matthew J. Vitemb Photography Claire C. Spera The Univer sit y of Te x a s at Aus tin Law School Catalog 2012–2014 The benefits of education and of useful knowledge, generally diffused through a community, are essential to the preservation of a free government. Sam Houston Cultivated mind is the guardian genius of Democracy, and while guided and controlled by virtue, the noblest attribute of man. It is the only dictator that freemen acknowledge, and the only security which freemen desire. Mirabeau B. Lamar Where liberty has arisen, learning must be cherished—or liberty itself becomes a fragile thing. Lyndon B. Johnson T he mission of the University is to achieve excellence in the interrelated areas of undergraduate education, graduate education, research, and public service. The University provides superior and comprehensive educational opportunities at the baccalaureate through doctoral and special professional educational levels. The University contributes to the advancement of society through research, creative activity, scholarly inquiry, and the development of new knowledge. The University preserves and promotes the arts, benefits the state’s economy, serves the citizens through public programs, and provides other public service. Officers of Administration The University of Texas at Austin William Powers Jr., JD, President Steven W. Leslie, PhD, Executive Vice President and Provost Kevin P. Hegarty, MPA, CPA, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Gregory J. Vincent, JD, EdD, Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement Patricia C. Ohlendorf, JD, Vice President for Legal Affairs Juan M. Sanchez, PhD, Vice President for Research Juan C. González, PhD, Vice President for Student Affairs Patricia L. Clubb, PhD, Vice President for University Operations James L. Hill, PhD, Senior Vice President DeLoss Dodds, BS, Athletic Director Christine A. Plonsky, BS, Athletic Director Nancy A. Brazzil, BS, Deputy to the President Charles A. Roeckle, PhD, Deputy to the President David S. Onion, BSRTF, Senior Associate Vice President for Development Gwen W. Grigsby, MPA, Associate Vice President for Governmental Relations Carlos E. Martinez, JD, Associate Vice President for Governmental Relations The School of Law Stefanie Lindquist, PhD, JD, Interim Dean Alex Albright, JD, Interim Associate Dean, Academic Affairs Robert Chesney, JD, Interim Associate Dean, Academic Affairs Eden Harrington, JD, Interim Associate Dean, Clinical Education and Project Initiatives William Forbath, JD, Associate Dean, Research Monica K. Ingram, JD, Assistant Dean, Admissions and Financial Aid Carla Cooper, PhD, Assistant Dean, Alumni Relations and Development David A. Montoya, JD, Assistant Dean, Career Services Kirston Fortune, BFA, Assistant Dean, Communications Michael J. Esposito, JD, Assistant Dean, Continuing Legal Education Kimberly L. Biar, BBA, CPA, Assistant Dean, Financial Affairs Rey Ramos, BA, Assistant Dean, Student Affairs Michael G. Harvey, BA, BS, Assistant Dean, Technology The University of Texas System Francisco G. Cigarroa, MD, Chancellor Pedro Reyes, PhD, Executive Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Ad Interim Scott C. Kelley, EdD, Executive Vice Chancellor for Business Affairs Kenneth I. Shine, MD, Executive Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs Barry D. Burgdorf, JD, Vice Chancellor and General Counsel Barry McBee, JD, Vice Chancellor for Governmental Relations Randa S. Safady, PhD, Vice Chancellor for External Relations Amy Shaw Thomas, JD, Vice Chancellor and Counsel for Health Affairs William H. Shute, JD, Vice Chancellor for Federal Relations Sandra K. Woodley, DBA, Vice Chancellor for Strategic Initiatives Terry A. Hull, Associate Vice Chancellor for Finance v Board of Regents Officers Wm. Eugene Powell, Chairman Paul L. Foster, Vice Chairman R. Steven Hicks, Vice Chairman James D. Dannenbaum, Vice Chairman Francie A. Frederick, General Counsel to the Board of Regents Members Terms scheduled to expire February 1, 2013 James D. Dannenbaum, Houston Paul L. Foster, El Paso Printice L. Gary, Dallas Terms scheduled to expire February 1, 2015 R. Steven Hicks, Austin Wm. Eugene Powell, San Antonio Robert L. Stillwell, Houston Terms scheduled to expire February 1, 2017 Alex M. Cranberg, Austin Wallace L. Hall Jr., Dallas Brenda Pejovich, Dallas Student regent with term to expire May 31, 2012 John Davis Rutkauskas, Dallas Each regent’s term expires when a successor has been appointed and qualified and has taken the oath of office. The student regent serves a one-year term. Contents ! ! ! 1. General Information 1 Mission of the School of Law 1 Statement on Equal Educational Opportunity 2 Facilities 2 The Joseph D. Jamail Center for Legal Research 3 Other Libraries 4 The Society Program 4 Pro Bono Program 5 The Curriculum 5 Clinical Education Programs 6 Centers and Institutes 6 The University of Texas Law School Foundation Board of Trustees 6 7 The University of Texas Law Alumni Association 8 Endowments 9 Financial Assistance 9 School of Law Emergency Loans 9 School of Law Scholarships 9 Loan Funds and Endowed Scholarships 10 School of Law Loan Repayment Assistance Program 10 Career Services 10 Law School Publications 11 American Journal of Criminal Law 11 The Review of Litigation 11 Texas Environmental Law Journal 11 Texas Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy 11 Texas Intellectual Property Law Journal 12 Texas International Law Journal 12 Texas Journal of Oil, Gas, and Energy Law 12 Texas Journal of Women and the Law 12 Texas Journal on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights 13 Texas Law Review 13 Texas Review of Entertainment and Sports Law 13 Texas Review of Law and Politics 14 Student Organizations 2. Admission Admission as a Beginning Student 14 15 15 Requirements 15 Procedures 16 Declaration of Intention to Study Law 16 Admission as a Transfer Student 16 Transfer to Another Law School 17 Admission as a Transient Student 17 Visiting Status at Another Law School 18 Classification of Students 18 3. Academic Policies and Procedures 20 ! Academic Advising 20 Honor System 20 University Honor Code 20 School of Law Honor Code 21 Quantity of Work Rule 21 Changes in Registration 22 Class Attendance 22 Auditing a Course 22 Withdrawal 23 Examinations 23 Grades and Minimum Performance Standards 24 viii Grading System 24 Registration on the Pass/Fail Basis 25 Minimum Performance Standards 25 Honors Order of the Coif 26 Chancellors 26 Order of Barristers 27 Dean’s Achievement Award 27 Graduation 27 Graduation Under a Particular Catalog 27 General Requirements for Graduation 27 Degrees with Honors 28 The Sunflower Ceremony 28 4. Degrees 30 Doctor of Jurisprudence Curriculum Master of Laws 30 31 32 Admission to Candidacy 32 Degree Requirements 33 Dual Degree Programs 34 Combined JD/PhD Programs 34 Graduate Portfolio Programs 35 5. Courses 37 First-Year Courses 38 Advanced Courses 40 Research and Seminar Courses 73 6. The Faculty ! 26 74 Professors Emeritus 74 Professors and Senior Lecturers 75 Adjunct Professors 81 ix 1. General Information The University of Texas at Austin is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award bachelor's, master's, firstprofessional, and doctoral degrees. Contact the Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur GA 30033-4097 or call (404) 679-4500 for questions about the accreditation of the University of Texas at Austin. The School of Law is a member of the Association of American Law Schools and is approved by the American Bar Association. Mission of the School of Law The primary function of a law school is to educate students for the learned profession of law. Consequently, it is the first aim of the administration to provide full-time legal educators as inspiring classroom teachers who are capable of training students in the process of legal analysis, clear and persuasive oral and written advocacy, and thoughtful participation in law reform and the formation of public policy. The School of Law is also concerned with two other functions: the advancement of knowledge about the law as a social institution and about the way the rule of law may most effectively serve social ends—a research function; and keeping the busy judge and practitioner abreast of new developments—a continuing legal education function. The research and continuing legal education functions, in turn, enrich the training and education of current students. With an enrollment of about thirteen hundred students, the School of Law at the University of Texas at Austin is one of the nation's largest law schools with day students only. The students are predominantly Texas residents; nonresident admission has been limited by the state Legislature to 35 percent of each entering class. The academic credentials of enrolled nonresidents are about the same as those of residents, but nonresident tuition is higher. The school is a national school in that the training received and the courses offered provide the necessary legal education for practice in any part of the United States where the legal 1 heritage is the common law system of England. Hundreds of out-of-state law firms, corporations, and agencies actively recruit the school's graduates each year. There are more than twenty-three thousand living alumni of the School of Law. Statement on Equal Educational Opportunity The University of Texas at Austin is committed to an educational and working environment that provides equal opportunity to all members of the University community. In accordance with federal and state law, the University prohibits unlawful discrimination, including harassment, on the basis of race; color; religion; national origin; gender, including sexual harassment; age; disability; citizenship; and veteran status. Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression is also prohibited pursuant to University policy. Any member of the University community who feels he or she has been subject to discrimination, harassment, or retaliation should contact the Office of Institutional Equity in person at NOA 4.302, Austin TX 78713; via e-mail at oie@austin.utexas.edu; or by phone at (512) 471-1849. Facilities The School of Law, then the Department of Law, opened along with the Department of Literature, Science, and Arts in 1883. The two departments occupied one building until the session of 1908-1909, when the Law Building was completed. This building served the needs of the School of Law until the completion in 1953 of Townes Hall, named for Judge John Charles Townes, dean of the school from 1907 through 1923. The enrollment, about six hundred in 1953, increased each year thereafter, necessitating additions to Townes Hall in 1964 and 1980. The 1980 addition is named Jesse H. Jones Hall in honor of the Houston philanthropist. These two connected buildings house the Joseph D. Jamail Center for Legal Research, the Stephen D. Susman Academic Center, and classrooms, offices, and support facilities for the faculty, staff, and students of the School of Law. The John B. Connally Center for the Administration of Justice, completed in 2000, houses a working courtroom and some of the finest facilities in the country for clinical education and advocacy skills training. All law school classrooms are equipped with modern educational technology. 2 The Joseph D. Jamail Center for Legal Research The Joseph D. Jamail Center for Legal Research houses the Tarlton Law Library and other research facilities at the School of Law. The center supports the research and academic needs of the faculty and students, as well as the research needs of the University community and the public. The Tarlton Law Library serves the law school community as a center for the exchange of information, for collaboration among students and faculty members, and for interactive learning. Students are encouraged to use the library in multiple ways: students may reserve conference rooms, borrow laptop computers, access research databases, and view and borrow popular law-related movies. With more than one million volumes, the library is one of the largest academic law libraries in the country. In addition to a comprehensive collection of primary and secondary legal materials, the library has a broad interdisciplinary collection in the social sciences and humanities. Special collections include extensive foreign and international legal resources; the papers of former United States Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark of Texas; almost ten thousand rare books, including over two hundred rare legal dictionaries dating back to 1476; a law in popular culture collection that uses film and fiction to examine the popular perception of attorneys; and a collection of recent winners of the American Bar Association's Silver Gavel Award. The library has been a selective depository for United States government documents since 1965, a full depository for the European Union since 1963, and a selective depository for Canadian government publications since 2000. In addition to printed matter, the library offers law students access to hundreds of online databases and information resources, including unlimited access to LexisNexis and Westlaw. The library's Computer Learning Center provides computers for law student use, as well as a help desk to assist students with technical problems. Through the Tarlton library's Web site (available at http://tarlton.law.utexas.edu/), students, faculty members, the University community, the public, and alumni are linked to a wide range of legal research resources and law-related information. The Web site also includes digital resources complementing the library's special collections. The library participates in the SHARES Program, a consortium facilitating resource sharing 3 among premier research libraries. Through this network, the library has immediate access to the collections of other major research libraries throughout the country. The library contributes information on its holdings to the Online Computer Library Center's WorldCat, the world's largest bibliographic database. The library's online catalog, TALLONS (available at http://tallons.law.utexas.edu/search), provides immediate access to the library's own collection. Contributing to the library's ambience is the Elton M. Hyder Jr. and Martha Rowan Hyder Collection, consisting of approximately a thousand prints, paintings, manuscript documents, pieces of furniture, quilts, rugs, and other materials. It illustrates the history of law and creates a unique and culturally enriching study and work environment for library users and staff members. Because legal research can be technically demanding, members of the library's public services staff provide individual and classroom instruction in the use of the library's materials, and are available to assist students and faculty members with their research. Other Libraries Students in the School of Law also have access to all of the resources of the University Libraries, the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, and the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center. Along with the Tarlton Law Library, these libraries constitute one of the largest academic library groups in the United States. Located across the street from the law school are the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History and the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection. The Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum is also located on the University campus. The Texas State Library, the State Law Library, and the Legislative Reference Library, all located in the state capitol complex, are open to law students. The Society Program The Society Program was introduced in 2004 to enhance the sense of community within the law school and to allow students to interact with the faculty in small groups. There are currently eight societies, with approximately fifty first-year students in each. Students are enrolled in a society in their first year and remain in it until they graduate. The 4 societies are named for individuals who have made a significant impact on the law school. The eight societies are Gloria K. Bradford Society, honoring the first African American woman to graduate from the School of Law Carlos Cadena Society, honoring the summa cum laude graduate of the School of Law, respected judge, and civil rights crusader Leon Green Society, honoring a graduate of the School of Law who was one of the twentieth century's most important tort scholars and a leading figure in American legal realism Helen Hargrave Society, honoring the School of Law's first female faculty member and longtime librarian Gus Hodges Society, honoring a highly popular professor who used his experience to earn the respect of the Legislature, bench, and bar Charles McCormick Society, honoring a former dean who was nationally known for his contributions in federal procedure, damages, and evidence Alice Sheffield Society, honoring the successful Gulf Oil attorney who was one of the School of Law's first female graduates John Sutton Society, honoring a longtime professor of evidence and professional responsibility and former dean known for his collegiality Pro Bono Program The Pro Bono Program provides a range of opportunities for students to engage in pro bono work in order to provide much-needed legal assistance to underserved individuals and communities, and to build their lawyering skills and career networks. Information about the program is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/centers/publicinterest/probono/. The Curriculum The breadth and depth of the curriculum is conveyed by the list of courses given in chapter 5. Resources for information about the School of Law's clinical education programs as well as centers and institutes is given below. 5 Clinical Education Programs The School of Law offers many clinical courses in which students study legal issues in real-world settings. While representing clients, working on cases, and serving as interns, students get firsthand experience in the practice of law. These experiences are designed to integrate theory, strategy, and law, building a bridge between the classroom and the profession. Information about clinical course offerings is available at http://www.utexas.edu /law/clinics/. Centers and Institutes The School of Law includes a number of academic centers and institutes that bring together faculty, students, and outside experts to study legal and policy issues in a number of important areas. Information about the centers and institutes is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/centers/. The University of Texas Law School Foundation The University of Texas Law School Foundation was founded in 1952 by Charles I. Francis, Sylvan Lang, Angus G. Wynne, Hines Baker, Dan Moody, Robert E. Hardwick, and Hugh Lamar Stone. These lawyers recognized that private support would be a critical need in order for the law school to achieve its full potential. The charge of the foundation was then, as it is today, to further legal education, legal research, financial assistance to deserving students, and the overall mission of the law school. The foundation's board of trustees oversees the management of over $113 million in invested endowed funds and the development of fundraising strategies and programs. An additional $94 million in endowed funds is managed by The University of Texas Investment Management Company (UTIMCO) and administered by the University for the benefit of the School of Law. The board also works in cooperation with the University Development Board for the advancement of the general welfare of the University as a whole. 6 Board of Trustees Jon P. Newton, President The Honorable Kay Bailey Hutchison Joe R. Long, Vice President Joseph D. Jamail Jr. Linda L. Addison The Honorable Wallace B. Jefferson S. Jack Balagia Jr. Ann Lents E. William Barnett The Honorable Thomas G. Loeffler David J. Beck John H. Massey John B. Beckworth Carrin F. Patman Hector De Leon Harry M. Reasoner Joseph C. Dilg C. Kenneth Roberts The Honorable Rodney G. Ellis Eduardo Roberto Rodriguez George M. Fleming David D. Sterling Robin C. Gibbs Stephen D. Susman Michelle P. Goolsby Stephen L. Tatum Paul W. Hobby Del Williams Ex-Officio Trustees The Honorable Marilyn Aboussie, President, Law Alumni Association Bruce A. Broillet, Vice President, Law Alumni Association Senior Trustees Morris Atlas Wales H. Madden Jr. J. Chrys Dougherty III J. Mark McLaughlin John L. Estes The Honorable Tom B. Ramey Jr. Dee J. Kelly Sr. J. Burleson Smith 7 Trustees Emeritus F. Scott Baldwin Catherine Lamboley Rubén R. Cárdenas Duke R. Ligon John R. Castle Gilbert I. Low George C. Chapman The Honorable John T. Montford Joseph A. Cialone Mike A. Myers Sylvia A. de Leon Steven B. Pfeiffer H. Lee Godfrey Shannon H. Ratliff Robert C. Grable Larry E. Temple The Honorable Ron Kirk The University of Texas Law Alumni Association Founded in 1939, The University of Texas Law Alumni Association operates under the nonprofit status of the Law School Foundation. The primary purposes of the association are to raise funds for the law school and to strengthen the relationship between the school and its alumni. Specifically, the association is committed to the following tasks: To advance the cause of legal education To promote the interests of the School of Law To maintain communication between alumni and the School of Law To educate alumni regarding School of Law activities and development To report or recommend to the dean of the School of Law or to the board of trustees of the Law School Foundation matters of mutual interest deemed worthy of consideration To foster a spirit of identity, fellowship, and goodwill among the association's members All former students and current and former faculty members make up the membership of the association, which is managed under the direction of an executive committee. The executive 8 committee oversees fundraising for annual giving programs, reunion planning, and alumni recognition and outreach activities. Key committees coordinate the work of the association. Endowments The University and the Law School Foundation have adopted as one of their major objectives the development of endowment funds to be used to attract and retain eminent scholars and teachers for the law school. The income from these funds is used to supplement the salaries of distinguished professors and to provide research assistance and other logistical support. Faculty members who hold endowed positions are identified in chapter 6. Financial Assistance The Office of Student Financial Services offers various forms of financial assistance to all University students; these are described in General Information. With the help of alumni and friends, a number of financial aid programs have also been established for law students. The School of Law provides financial assistance to students pursuing the JD in the form of scholarships, grants, and loans. Financial assistance is available to candidates for the LLM if they are United States citizens or eligible noncitizens. These students may be eligible for federal and private loans for one year only. School of Law Emergency Loans The School of Law has limited emergency loan funds available to law students. Loans are made only in cases of emergency and only to degree-seeking students. Application for these loans may be made in person or online at the School of Law Financial Aid Office, https://utdirect.utexas.edu/acct/loans/cash. School of Law Scholarships All students accepted to the School of Law are considered for any scholarships for which they meet the requirements. Continuing students must complete the School of Law scholarship application available at https://utdirect.utexas.edu/losch/sch.WBX. For additional information, write to the Financial Aid Office, Scholarship Committee, The University of 9 Texas at Austin School of Law, 727 East Dean Keeton Street, Austin TX 78705-3299 or send e-mail to lawfinaid@law.utexas.edu. Loan Funds and Endowed Scholarships Many lawyers, law firms, and associations contribute annually to the School of Law's awards and scholarships program. Information about the school's many permanent loans and scholarships is available from the School of Law Financial Aid Office. School of Law Loan Repayment Assistance Program The School of Law offers a loan repayment program to graduates with educational debt who enter qualifying public service. Information about the Loan Repayment Assistance Program is at http://www.utexas.edu/law/centers/publicinterest/lrap/. Career Services The Career Services Office (CSO) assists law school students and recent graduates with their career goals by informing them of career options, providing job search strategies and resources, and connecting them with potential employers. With experienced counselors and a dedicated staff, the CSO offers one-on-one career counseling; conducts a 1L résumé workshop and mock interview program; invites speakers to address students on careerrelated topics; publishes career-related handbooks; maintains a career resource library; and presents professional development workshops, panels, and netwrok opportunities for students seeking careers in a variety of settings. In addition, the CSO coordinates two on-campus interview programs including Public Service Career Day, which is the largest public service job fair for law students in Texas, and more than two dozen off-campus recruitment programs held nationwide. The CSO maintains a mentor network that connects students with UT Law alumni, and an online job bank that lists summer clerkships and internships, fellowships and part-time and postgraduate opportunities throughout Texas and the world. Students are welcome to become members of the CSO-sponsored student organization, Action Committee for Career Services, which partners with the CSO to perform employer outreach, staff on-campus recruiting programs and receptions, and help develop career-related resources. Additional information ia available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/career/. 10 Law School Publications American Journal of Criminal Law The American Journal of Criminal Law strives to promote and encourage improvement in the administration of criminal justice. The Journal is published three times a year and is one of the largest circulating journals at the School of Law. Each issue contains articles by law school faculty members, members of the judiciary, and practicing attorneys, as well as a significant number of items written by journal members. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/ajcl/. The Review of Litigation Established in 1980, The Review of Litigation is a student-managed publication devoted to the process of litigation. The Review balances the interests of academia with pragmatic issues important to practicing attorneys and judges, covering topics related to procedure, evidence, trial and appellate advocacy, alternative dispute resolution, and often-litigated substantive law. Articles not only address issues pertinent to litigation practice, but also comment on substantive and theoretical aspects of the law. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/trol/. Texas Environmental Law Journal Since the summer of 1990, law students have published the Texas Environmental Law Journal in association with the Environmental and Natural Resources Section of the State Bar of Texas. Published quarterly, the Journal gives timely and practical information about developments in environmental law. It includes articles by practitioners and academicians; information about recent developments involving cases, statutes, and rules relevant to environmental law; and notes submitted by law students throughout Texas. More information is available at http://www.texenrls.org/publications_journal.cfm. Texas Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy The Texas Hispanic Journal of Law and Policy is devoted to legal issues affecting the Hispanic community. The Journal provides an academic forum in which practitioners and scholars engage in a thorough discussion of recent court decisions, state and federal 11 statutes, administrative regulations, policy questions, and other issues with particular salience for Hispanics. By maintaining a neutral position on all issues, the Journal encourages an exchange of diverse ideas and opinions. The Journal is published annually. Membership is open to all students who demonstrate excellence in legal writing and analysis. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/thjlp/. Texas Intellectual Property Law Journal The Texas Intellectual Property Law Journal is dedicated to all aspects of intellectual property law at all levels. Articles in the Journal are written by scholars, practitioners, and students, and address a variety of legal issues, including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. The Journal also hosts an annual intellectual property law symposium featuring topics that are timely and important to practitioners. Members of the Journal are selected based on their writing and analytical skills. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tiplj/. Texas International Law Journal The Texas International Law Journal is one of the oldest international law journals in the country. The Journal has been publishing important scholarly articles and conducting symposia on international issues since 1965. With more than one hundred members and thousands of alumni worldwide, the Journal is one of the largest at the School of Law. More information is available at http://www.tilj.org/. Texas Journal of Oil, Gas, and Energy Law The Texas Journal of Oil, Gas, and Energy Law focuses on legal issues at the intersection of energy law and business law. The Journal was founded because a group of law school students saw the need for a forum for legal scholarship that discussed the ever-changing and growing world of energy business law. Each issue of the Journal contains outstanding submissions from legal scholars, law students, government officials, and attorneys practicing in the field. More information is available at http://tjogel.org/. Texas Journal of Women and the Law The Texas Journal of Women and the Law explores the relationship between women and 12 the law through law review publication and sponsorship of an annual symposium. The staff seeks to inspire a dialogue about gender-related issues that will lead to greater awareness of the ways the law affects women and to innovative reforms in the lives of all people. The Journal takes an interdisciplinary approach to many issues, striving to deepen the relationship between theoretical and practical perspectives on gender and the law. Editorial membership is open to both male and female students. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tjwl/. Texas Journal on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights The Texas Journal on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights bridges the gap between theoretical and practical issues in the fields of civil liberties and civil rights. Published in conjunction with the Individual Rights and Responsibilities Section of the State Bar of Texas, the Journal synthesizes and analyzes current thinking on issues in these areas in Texas through articles by legal scholars, practicing attorneys, state and federal judges, and students. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tjclcr/. Texas Law Review The Texas Law Review, established in 1922, is devoted to scholarly writings on general legal subjects of national and local interest. The student editorial board prepares for publication articles by outstanding legal authorities and law notes written by the student staff. Students become eligible to join the staff of the Review on the basis of high academic achievement and demonstrated writing proficiency. The editorial board annually selects its successors from the members of the staff. More information is available at http://www.texaslrev.com/. Texas Review of Entertainment and Sports Law The Texas Review of Entertainment and Sports Law (TRESL) discusses the fields of entertainment and sports related to the intersection of law and society. TRESL publishes articles written by judges, lawyers, faculty members, and students that report and comment on existing law and suggest new avenues of growth for the law. More information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tresl/. 13 Texas Review of Law and Politics The Texas Review of Law and Politics seeks to publish thoughtful and intellectually rigorous conservative articles that can serve as blueprints for constructive legal reform. Published twice a year, the Texas Review serves as a forum for the discussion of contemporary social issues, such as constitutional history, affirmative action, crime, federalism, and religious issues. Members also hold an annual banquet at which they honor a Jurist of the Year. Past honorees include Greg Abbott, Kenneth W. Starr, Edwin Meese III, and Edith H. Jones. More information is available at http://trolp.org/. Student Organizations There are numerous student organizations that provide opportunities for students to interact with others with similar interests. Information about student organizations is available at http://utdirect.utexas.edu/lomain/sorg.WBX#orgs. 14 2. Admission Admission as a Beginning Student Additional information about admission to the law school, including admission criteria and current application fees, is given in General Information. Requirements Students beginning the study of law are admitted to the School of Law at the beginning of the fall semester. To be eligible for admission, an applicant must have earned a baccalaureate degree from an accredited college or university, must have earned a grade point average of at least 2.20 on all undergraduate work (as calculated by the Law School Admission Council), and must have attained a reportable score on the Law School Admission Test (LSAT). An applicant who meets these minimum requirements is not guaranteed admission; each year, the law school receives applications from a greater number of qualified candidates than the school can accommodate. In 2011, the law school received more than 4,700 applications for the 400 seats in the entering class. An applicant's Law School Admission Test score and undergraduate grade point average are two of the major factors considered, along with the résumé, personal statement, letters of recommendation/evaluations, and other supporting documents. If an applicant lacks no more than six semester hours to be entitled to a baccalaureate degree, the dean may declare the applicant eligible for admission on condition that the applicant make arrangements to earn the baccalaureate degree before beginning the third year of law study. There are no specific course prerequisites for admission to the law school. Students should consult their undergraduate prelaw advisers for information about academic preparation for law school. 15 Procedures Application forms in both pdf and electronic format are available online at http://www.utexas.edu/law/admissions/. Complete instructions are provided with the application form. Applicants seeking regular admission must take the following steps: 1. Take the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) no later than December. 2. Register for the Credential Assembly Service (CAS) with the Law School Admission Council (LSAC) at http://www.lsac.org/. 3. Ensure the School of Law has received a complete application, including the $70 nonrefundable application fee, by February 1. Applicants seeking early-decision admission must take the LSAT no later than October and submit law school applications by the November 1 deadline. Applications received after November 1 but by February 1 will be considered for regular admission. Declaration of Intention to Study Law The Supreme Court of Texas, which admits candidates to the practice of law in the state, has provided by rule of court that all candidates must file a formal Declaration of Intention to Study Law, on forms supplied for that purpose. The declaration must be filed by October 1 in the student's first semester in law school. These declarations of intention to study law provide for a certification of good moral character. Forms are available from the Texas Board of Law Examiners. More information is available at http://www.ble.state.tx.us/applications /apps_index.html. Admission as a Transfer Student A person may apply to the dean for admission to the School of Law as a transfer student from another law school that is approved by the American Bar Association. Approval of such applications is entirely at the dean's discretion. Admission as a transfer student may be granted only if the applicant (1) would have been competitive if he or she had applied as a first-year entering student; (2) has completed a full-time, first-year law school curriculum; (3) 16 has compiled a superior academic record at the other law school; and (4) demonstrates good cause for the transfer. Because of limited availability of spaces at the law school, only a few requests for transfer are granted each year; the law school receives far more applications for transfer from qualified candidates than can be granted. A transfer student from another law school receives University credit on the following terms: (1) the total number of credit hours transferred may not exceed the number of credit hours earned during the first year by University law students; (2) transfer credit is not given for any course in which the student earned a grade of less than C, or its equivalent as determined by the dean; (3) a grade of CR is recorded for all transferred work; (4) the law school from which the applicant seeks to transfer must be a member of the Association of American Law Schools and approved by the American Bar Association. The transfer student is subject to the same performance standards as students who complete their first year of study at the University's School of Law. Application forms and instructions are available online at http://www.utexas.edu /law/admissions/ and by mail from the School of Law Admissions Office, 727 East Dean Keeton Street, Austin TX 78705-3299. Transfer to Another Law School A law student in good standing may apply to transfer to another law school at the end of the first year of study only. Approval of such a transfer is wholly dependent on the actions of the other law school. If the application is granted, the School of Law will cooperate with the other law school to facilitate the transfer. Admission as a Transient Student A student attending another law school may enroll in the School of Law as a transient student for the summer session if he or she presents a letter of good standing from the school he or she is attending and demonstrates good cause. A law student who has not completed the first year of study may not enroll as a transient summer student. A student may be allowed to register as a transient student during a long session if good 17 cause is shown and if he or she presents a competitive record and receives permission from his or her law school to enroll in the School of Law in order to earn credit toward a degree to be granted by his or her home school. A transient student may earn no more than thirty-two semester hours of credit in no more than three semesters (roughly the equivalent of one year's maximum course load); he or she must maintain a grade point average of at least 1.90 in all law courses taken during any semester. Because of limited space at the School of Law, only a few requests for transient status are granted each year. Application forms and instructions are available online at http://www.utexas.edu /law/admissions/ and from the Law School Admissions Office, 727 East Dean Keeton Street, Austin TX 78705-3299. Visiting Status at Another Law School A student enrolled in the School of Law may apply to the assistant dean for student affairs to attend another law school and to transfer credit earned at that school toward a Doctor of Jurisprudence degree. The student must have approval to transfer the credit before attending the other school. Approval of the request is entirely at the assistant dean's discretion. The assistant dean will consider the request only (1) if the student seeks to transfer credit from a school that is a member of the American Association of Law Schools and is approved by the American Bar Association; (2) if the student shows good cause for requesting the transfer of credit; and (3) if the assistant dean approves the courses for which the student seeks to receive transfer credit. The student must earn a grade of at least C for a course to be transferred; the course may not be taken on the pass/fail basis. The symbol CR is recorded for all transferred work. The amount of credit transferred may not exceed the maximum amount of credit that an upper-level law student may earn during one year's study. Classification of Students Regular students in the School of Law are classified as first-year, second-year, and third-year students. Students are classified as first-year students until they have earned twenty-nine semester hours of credit in law; as second-year students until they have earned 18 fifty-three semester hours in law; and as third-year students until they graduate. The terms "upper-level" and "advanced" are also used to refer to second- and third-year students and courses. 19 3. Academic Policies and Procedures Academic Advising The University provides information and academic advice to students to assist them in making proper academic decisions. The dean of each college or school is responsible for providing an effective system of information dissemination and advising that is appropriate to the academic programs of that college or school. Each unit seeks to provide the most current and accurate information and advice possible. The student is responsible for seeking advice, for knowing and meeting the requirements of the degree program of interest, for enrolling in courses appropriate to that degree program, and for taking courses in the proper sequence to ensure orderly and timely progress toward the degree. In the School of Law, the Director of Student Services serves as the primary academic adviser. Additional counseling is available in the Student Affairs Office. Honor System All students are bound by the Institutional Rules on Student Services and Activities given in General Information. Regulations and procedures regarding student discipline and conduct are set forth in chapter 11 of the rules. All students are bound by the following University Honor Code; law school students are also bound by the School of Law Honor Code described below. University Honor Code The core values of the University of Texas at Austin are learning, discovery, freedom, leadership, individual opportunity, and responsibility. Each member of the University is expected to uphold these values through integrity, honesty, trust, fairness, and respect toward peers and community. 20 School of Law Honor Code The study of law is an integral part of the legal profession. Students engaged in legal studies should learn the proper ethical standards as part of their education. All members of the legal profession recognize the need to maintain a high level of professional competence and integrity. A student at the University of Texas at Austin School of Law is expected to adhere to the highest standard of personal integrity. Each student is expected to compete honestly and fairly with his or her peers. All law students are harmed by unethical behavior by any student. A student who deals dishonestly with fellow law students may be dishonest in the future and harm both future clients and the legal profession. Under the honor system, the students must not tolerate unethical behavior by their fellow students. A student who knows of unethical behavior of another student is under an obligation to take the steps necessary to expose this behavior. Students in the University of Texas at Austin School of Law are governed by the Institutional Rules on Student Services and Activities. Students may be subject to discipline for cheating, plagiarism, and misrepresentations. Quantity of Work Rule A law student may take no more than sixteen semester hours a semester. In rare situations, the assistant dean for student affairs may, for good cause shown, permit a student to register for a maximum of seventeen hours. Law students may take courses in other schools and colleges only with the express prior permission of the dean. Normally, a student may not take a course in another school or college, except an ROTC course, in addition to the maximum load in the School of Law. During a long-session semester, a minimum load of ten semester hours is required of all students with twenty semester hours of credit or more; a minimum load of fourteen semester hours is required of all students with fewer than twenty semester hours of credit. A student may not take less than a minimum load without special permission of the dean. Law students are strongly advised that they should not work while in their first year and that they should not work more than fifteen hours a week while in their second and third years. Students are also expected to abide by standard 304(f) of the American Bar Association's Standards and Rules of Procedure for Approval of Law Schools, which states that "a student 21 may not be employed more than twenty hours per week in any week in which the student is enrolled in more than twelve class hours." Changes in Registration A student may drop a first-year course only with the written approval of the dean; ordinarily, students are not permitted to drop Law 132, 232, or 332. In the long session, a student may drop other courses during the first four weeks of the semester without the approval of the dean, provided that the student remains enrolled for at least ten semester hours of coursework; in the summer session, the student may drop courses except seminars during the first week of the term without the approval of the dean. After the first four weeks of a semester, or the first week of a summer term, courses may be dropped only with the written approval of the dean. If a student stops attending class, at any time in the semester or summer session, but fails to drop the course officially, then a grade of F is recorded for the course. The course is counted as a course taken and failed when the minimum performance standards are applied, and 1.30 grade points are used in calculating the student's overall average. The faculty member in charge of a course may, with the consent of the dean, drop a student from the course for poor daily attendance or classroom work or for improper conduct in the classroom. The student is thereafter barred from attending the course and from taking the examination in it. Class Attendance Regular and punctual class attendance is required. Auditing a Course Permission to audit a course conveys the privilege of listening and observing but not of handing in papers, taking part in discussion, or receiving evaluations. An auditor does not receive University credit for the course, nor is the course recorded on a transcript. A University student who wishes to audit a law course should obtain a Class Auditor Permit 22 from the Student Affairs Office and secure the consent of the course instructor and the assistant dean for student affairs. A separate, additional petition to the assistant dean is required to audit a first-year course. A nonstudent must obtain the Class Auditor Permit and the consent of the instructor and assistant dean and must also pay a twenty-dollar auditor's fee for each course; those who are sixty-five or older are exempt from this fee. Auditors are permitted only when space is available. No more than five auditors are allowed in any section. A person may audit only one first-year law course a semester and may audit a total of no more than four courses. Undergraduates are not permitted to audit law courses. Instructors and the dean may refuse any request to audit a course. Nothing in these rules prohibits an instructor from permitting guests and visitors. Withdrawal The general rules governing withdrawal from the University are given in General Information. In addition, the following rules apply to the School of Law. A person who has earned fewer than nine semester hours of credit in the School of Law, has withdrawn, and then wishes to resume studies, must reapply for admission to the School of Law. The reapplication for admission is handled and evaluated as if it were an initial application. If the dean determines that the student withdrew for good cause, his or her eligibility for admission is judged by the standards in effect at the time of the previous admission. A student who has withdrawn from the School of Law after receiving nine or more semester hours of credit may return to the school if he or she was in good standing at the time of withdrawal. Such a student is not subject to the admission selection process; however, he or she must submit an application for readmission to the School of Law. Examinations Examinations in the School of Law are conducted in accordance with the University of Texas at Austin School of Law Honor Code, given on page 21. Written examinations are administered at the end of each semester and summer term. A 23 schedule giving the time and place of each examination is posted in advance at http://www.utexas.edu/law/sao/academics/index_exams.html. To postpone an examination, a student must obtain the approval of the assistant dean for student affairs before the scheduled time of the examination. In an emergency, approval may be given after the date of the examination. If a student takes a postponed examination without permission of the assistant dean, the student will be dropped from the course and the symbol Q will be recorded. A student who fails to attend a final examination without the dean's consent may not take a postponed or special examination and will receive no credit for the course; the course will be counted as a course taken and failed when the minimum performance standards are applied and a grade of F (1.30 grade points) for the course will be recorded and will be used in calculating the student's grade point average. Grades and Minimum Performance Standards Grading System The letter grades listed below are assigned in the School of Law. The numerical equivalents in the second column are used to calculate the student's grade point average in law courses. An explanation of the grading scale appears on each student's transcript. Letter grade Grade points Letter grade Grade points A+ 4.30 B- 2.70 A 4.00 C+ 2.30 A- 3.70 C 2.00 B+ 3.30 D 1.70 B 3.00 F 1.30 Grades, except those in seminars, are based primarily on examinations. Grades in seminars are based primarily on individual research as reflected in a paper and an oral report. 24 Registration on the Pass/Fail Basis In general, students receive letter grades in law courses. The dean may determine that pass/fail grading is preferable for a course. Courses that will be offered only on the pass/fail basis are announced before registration. A nonlaw graduate student who enrolls in a law school course offered for a letter grade may register on the credit/no credit basis if permitted to do so by his or her graduate adviser. Minimum Performance Standards A student must receive a final grade of at least D in a course to receive credit for that course. A student must have a grade point average of at least 1.90 on all law courses taken to graduate from the School of Law. Grades of F are included in the grade point average, but courses in which the student earned an F are not counted toward the number of hours required for a degree. A student who has received final grades for more than twenty semester hours and whose average falls below 1.80 is dropped from the School of Law for failure. A student who has received final grades for more than twenty semester hours and whose average is 1.80 to 1.89 is placed on scholastic probation. While on scholastic probation, a student who fails to maintain a 1.90 average on all law courses taken during any semester is dropped from the School of Law for failure. A student who receives a grade of F in a School of Law course is also placed on scholastic probation. Scholastic probation is lifted after one semester in which the student has completed one or more School of Law courses, provided that the student does not receive another F for any School of Law course during that semester. A student who receives two grades of F for School of Law courses in any one semester is dropped for failure. A student who receives a total of three grades of F for School of Law courses during his or her law school career is dropped for failure. A student who has been dropped for failure after receiving grades for thirty-three or more semester hours will not be readmitted to the School of Law, with this exception: if the student has never been on scholastic probation in the School of Law, he or she may be 25 readmitted on scholastic probation for one long-session semester. A student who has been dropped for failure after receiving grades for fewer than thirty-three semester hours may be admitted as a new student after he or she has remained out of law school for at least twelve months. The Law School Admissions Committee may attach significance to the prior failure. No student who has been dropped for failure from the School of Law will be permitted, prior to readmission, to visit classes. A student who fails a required course must repeat it once. A student who fails an elective course may, at his or her option, repeat it once. The student may not repeat any course except a seminar more than once. A student who fails Law 297S, 397S, the seminar course, must repeat it until he or she has passed. When a student repeats a course, the original and all subsequent grades are included in the student's grade point average. Honors Order of the Coif The Order of the Coif is a national law school honor society, founded to encourage scholarship and to advance the ethical standards of the legal profession. New members of the University chapter are chosen each fall from the top 10 percent of students who received the JD degree in the previous graduating class. Chancellors Established in 1912, Chancellors is the most prestigious honorary society of the School of Law. The purpose of the society is to honor and reward students who, through outstanding and consistent scholarship and achievement, have shown themselves most likely to succeed and to become a credit to their profession and their alma mater. Eligible for membership each year are the sixteen students who have the highest grade point averages among those who are not already members and who have completed forty-two semester hours of coursework in the School of Law. The number of Chancellors selected in one academic year may be increased from time to time, but at no time does the total selected in any year exceed 5 percent of the preceding senior class. The offices of Chancellors are, in order of scholastic standing and rank: Grand Chancellor, Vice Chancellor, Clerk, Keeper of 26 Peregrinus, and, in equal rank, such Chancellors-at-Large as are required to fill out the membership. Order of Barristers The Order of Barristers was established in 1965 to give recognition to the outstanding participants in the advocacy program. The organization was founded at the School of Law and is now a national honor society with more than a hundred member law schools from all parts of the nation. Each year a University of Texas law school student is elected national secretary. Membership in the University chapter is limited to ten third-year students, chosen by the Faculty Advocacy Committee, who have demonstrated superior abilities in advocacy. Dean's Achievement Award The School of Law offers a Dean's Achievement Award. The award is given each semester to the outstanding student in each course, chosen from among those with the highest grades. Seminars and courses offered only on the pass/fail basis are excluded. Graduation Graduation Under a Particular Catalog A student may receive a degree in the School of Law by fulfilling either the requirements given in the catalog in effect at the time he or she entered the school or those given in the catalog governing any subsequent year in which he or she was in residence in the school. In any case, however, all the requirements for a degree in the School of Law must be completed no earlier than twenty-four months and no later than eighty-four months after a student has commenced law study at the School of Law or a law school from which the school has accepted transfer credit. General Requirements for Graduation 1. No degree will be conferred except on dates publicly announced. 2. The student must complete the last two long-session semesters, or their equivalent, in residence in the School of Law of the University of Texas at Austin. 3. A candidate for a degree must be registered at the University in the semester or 27 summer session in which the degree is to be conferred and must apply to the dean for the degree by the deadline given in the academic calendar. This date falls about eight weeks before the end of a long-session semester and about four weeks before the end of a summer session. Degrees with Honors Graduates of the School of Law who are judged by the faculty to have completed the Doctor of Jurisprudence with scholarly distinction are awarded degrees with honors. In general, honors are awarded solely on the basis of work done at the University's School of Law. No more than 35 percent of the graduating class may receive honors, high honors, and highest honors. No more than 5 percent may receive high honors and highest honors. No more than 1 percent may receive highest honors. The Sunflower Ceremony Students are encouraged to attend the University's Commencement and the School of Law's Sunflower Ceremony, both held each spring. Summer and previous fall graduates are strongly encouraged to attend the Sunflower Ceremony along with spring graduates. The story behind the Sunflower Ceremony began over 100 years ago. For the first fifteen or twenty years after the University was established in 1883, none of its graduates wore the cap and gown to graduation ceremonies. One spring day around the turn of the century, however, a salesperson called and offered to rent caps and gowns to graduating seniors. A committee of faculty and seniors met to consider the offer. At that time, the School of Law was housed in the basement of the Old Main Building. No one thought to send a message downstairs and invite anyone from the School of Law to the meeting. The committee decided that caps and gowns were appropriate and directed all seniors to wear the cap and gown to Commencement. The School of Law students had different ideas. Because they had not been invited to the original meeting nor consulted on the matter, they rejected the mandate to wear caps and gowns. In true lawyer fashion, they then made their argument point by point, reasoning that caps and gowns were traditional to, and representative of, the rest of the University but not a professional school like the School of Law. They proposed instead that graduating law 28 students would wear white suits to Commencement. The University president and faculty conferred and decreed that the law students must either conform to the wishes of the senior class or wear a significant insignia to the graduation exercises. The School of Law students agreed, but again chose to present arguments regarding the insignia they chose, the sunflower. They reasoned that the sunflower was the best choice because it belonged to the genus Helianthus, part of a family that, like lawyers, is distributed all over the world. Also, the sunflower always keeps its face turned to the sun, as lawyers always turn to the light of justice. Thus the tradition was established, and graduating law students attend graduation exercises wearing the sunflower, and very often white suits as well, to this day. 29 4. Degrees Doctor of Jurisprudence To qualify for the Doctor of Jurisprudence degree (JD), a student must meet the following requirements: 1. The student must have completed a period of resident study equivalent to at least three academic years. 2. The student must have taken (and, if failed, repeated once) all courses required by the faculty of the School of Law at the time of the student's initial enrollment, except those that have been removed from the list of required courses since the student's initial enrollment. The student must pass at least one seminar as described in the section "Seminars" below. 3. Eighty-six semester hours are required for graduation. With the permission of the dean, a student may enroll in a course in another school or college of the University. To count toward graduation from the School of Law, the course must be related to a course of study offered in the School of Law. If the course is in a foreign language, it may be either undergraduate or graduate; in all other fields, only graduate courses may be counted. (Except in the College of Pharmacy and the School of Law, graduate courses at the University are identified by numbers with "8" or "9" as the second digit.) No more than twelve semester hours of such work may be counted. Students who complete undergraduate foreign language courses may apply one credit hour toward the JD degree per two and a half credit hours earned. 4. The student must have a grade point average of at least 1.90 on all work taken in the School of Law. 30 Curriculum Required First-Year Courses Law 421 or 521, Contracts Law 423 or 523, Criminal Law I Law 427 or 527, Torts Law 431 or 531, Property Law 232, Legal Research and Legal Writing, taken once in the fall and once in the spring Law 433 or 533, Civil Procedure Law 434 or 534, Constitutional Law I Required Advanced Courses One of the following: Law 251K or 351K, Criminal Procedure: Investigation Law 270M or 370M, Criminal Procedure: Prosecution Law 181C, 281C, 381C, or 481C, Constitutional Law II Law 285 or 385, Professional Responsibility Law 397S, Law Seminar: Writing One course from a list of professional skills courses approved each semester by the dean Such other courses as the dean and faculty of the School of Law may specify In addition to the required first-year courses, each first-year student may choose a two-hour or three-hour elective course in the spring semester. The elective is not required. Elective courses that are open to first-year students are identified in the course schedule published each semester by the School of Law. To avoid scholastic difficulty, the student should complete all required work except the seminar before the final semester. 31 Seminars To graduate from the School of Law, a student must take and pass during the second or third year at least one three-semester-hour writing seminar (Law 397S). Writing seminars are small classes that emphasize writing and group discussion. Each writing seminar involves written work by the student that embodies the results of research. Students may take additional writing seminars if space is available. Master of Laws The degree of Master of Laws (LLM) is awarded to students who have completed a rigorous program of coursework and research. The program leading to the degree is designed for students of high ability seeking academic work beyond their first degree in law. The program is designed to allow each student to create an individual course of study tailored to his or her interests. Students in this degree program may take courses designed to provide a broad overview of U.S. law or can choose a concentration, such as international studies; Latin American studies; or energy, international arbitration, and environmental law. Additional information about the LLM degree is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/ or at the School of Law, LLM Admissions, 727 East Dean Keeton Street, Austin TX, 78705-3299. Admission to Candidacy Applicants are considered for admission to candidacy for the degree by the International Programs Committee of the School of Law. Complete applications must be submitted by February 1 prior to the fall semester in which the applicant seeks to begin the program. Generally, candidates are admitted for the fall semester only. 1. The applicant must meet at least one of the following requirements: 1. Have earned a Doctor of Jurisprudence degree from a US law school that is approved by the American Bar Association. 2. Have earned a first degree in law from an established university or law school in another country that qualifies the applicant to take the bar examination in that country. 32 2. The applicant must demonstrate outstanding ability to complete the requirements for the degree. 3. An applicant whose native language is not English and who graduated from a law school in a country whose official language is not English must present a satisfactory score on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) test. Information about the TOEFL is available at http://www.ets.org/. Information about the IELTS is available at http://www.ielts.org/. Degree Requirements For each candidate, a specific program of coursework and research is developed to meet degree requirements and the candidate's needs and interests. The program must include 1. Residence during one academic year, consisting of two long-session semesters. The residence requirement of two long-session semesters cannot be reduced by coursework taken in residence during the summer session. 2. Completion of an approved program of work in the School of Law and other divisions of the University that includes at least twenty-four semester hours of coursework, including a substantial paper. Candidates must maintain a grade point average of at least 1.80 to continue in the program and must have an average of at least 1.90 at the end of the final semester to receive an LLM degree. They must complete the Master of Laws degree requirements within one calendar year of beginning graduate law study at the University unless, in unusual circumstances, the School of Law grants an extension. 33 Dual Degree Programs The School of Law offers dual degree programs in cooperation with other divisions of the University. The dual programs lead simultaneously to the JD and the following degrees. Field of Study Degree Business administration Master of Business Administration Community and regional planning Master of Science in Community and Regional Planning Global policy studies Master of Global Policy Studies Information studies Master of Science in Information Studies Latin American studies Master of Arts Middle Eastern studies Master of Arts Public affairs Master of Public Affairs Russian, East European, and Master of Arts Eurasian studies Social work Master of Science in Social Work Additional information is available at http://www.utexas.edu/law/sao/academics /degrees_joint.html. Combined JD/PhD Programs The School of Law and the Graduate School offer programs leading to the Doctor of Jurisprudence and the Doctor of Philosophy with a major in government or philosophy. These programs are designed to prepare students for academic careers in law or the cognate discipline or both. By counting law courses toward the PhD and courses in the cognate discipline toward the JD, students can save up to a year of coursework. The School of Law provides financial aid to students at the dissertation stage of the program. 34 More information on the JD/PhD in government is available at (512) 471-5121; more information on the JD/PhD in philosophy is available at http://www.utexas.edu /law/academics/centers/philosophy/. Graduate Portfolio Programs The goal of graduate portfolio programs is to recognize and encourage cross-disciplinary research and scholarly activity. A portfolio program usually consists of four thematically related graduate courses and a research paper, presentation, or practical experience. The portfolio must include courses offered by at least two graduate programs other than the student's major program. Portfolio programs are approved by the Graduate School. Although the certification requirements of each program are independent of the requirements for graduate degrees, courses counted toward the degree may, with appropriate approval, be counted toward certification. Upon completion of both degree and portfolio program requirements, the student's University transcript reflects portfolio certification. Graduate portfolio programs are available in the following areas. African and African American studies Applied statistical modeling Arts and cultural management and entrepreneurship Cellular and molecular imaging for diagnostics and therapeutics Communication, information, and cultural policy Cultural studies Disability studies Dispute resolution Gerontology Imaging science Integrated watershed science Interdisciplinary European studies Mexican American studies Molecular biophysics 35 Museum studies Nanoscience and nanotechnology Native American and indigenous studies Nonprofit studies Religious studies Romance linguistics Scientific computation Societal impacts of science and technology Sustainability Women's and gender studies Additional information about portfolio programs is available at http://www.utexas.edu /ogs/admissions/docport/. 36 5. Courses The fields of inquiry in the following courses range from technical questions of little public interest to general ones of great social concern. In each course, one aim is to qualify the student as a strategist and an advocate, equipped with the knowledge, insight, and skills to serve clients through advice, negotiation, and planning, as well as by representing them in litigation. Another aim is to qualify the student as a responsible member of a profession that, throughout the history of this nation, has been prominent in the resolution of social, economic, and political problems and has been profoundly concerned with the public welfare. Hence, every law course focuses on the need for creative solutions to conflicts between individuals and between individuals and society. This is as it should be, for the function of law is to serve as a catalyst that makes community life possible and a better society attainable. The faculty has approval to offer the following courses in the academic years 2012-2013 and 2013-2014; however, not all courses are taught each semester or summer session. Each spring the law school issues a manual of course descriptions and academic advice; law students should consult this manual before registering. The first digit of a course number represents the value of the course in semester hours; for example, students taking Law 233 earn two semester hours of credit, while those taking Law 333 earn three semester hours. The dean and faculty of the School of Law may, from time to time, change the courses of instruction. Such changes may include a determination that a course formerly listed as a first-year course should be offered as an advanced course, or the reverse. 37 First-year courses 221, 321, 421, 521, 621. Contracts. Methods by which rights and duties of promissory and quasi-promissory origin are created, transferred, limited, discharged, breached, and enforced. Two, three, four, five, or six lecture hours a week for one semester. 323, 423, 523. Criminal Law I. Promulgation, interpretation, and administration of substantive laws of crime; constitutional limitations and relevant philosophical, sociological, and behavioral science materials. Three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 227, 327, 427, 527. Torts. Limits of liability and methods of establishing liability for intentional and unintentional injuries to persons or property. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 231, 331, 431, 531. Property. A survey of interests in land and limited topics involving chattels: estates, cotenancy, landlord and tenant issues, conveyancing, private and public control of land use. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 132, 232, 332. Legal Research and Legal Writing. The basics of legal research using print and electronic sources. Focuses on writing legal analysis, researching and writing a traditional legal memorandum, and making oral presentations. The equivalent of one, two, or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 233, 333, 433, 533. Civil Procedure. Introduction to the civil adjudicative process, primarily that of the federal courts, including jurisdiction, pleading, dispositive motions, discovery, and trial procedure. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 334, 434, 534. Constitutional Law I. Distribution of powers between federal and state governments; constitutional limitations on 38 and judicial review of governmental action. Three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 39 Advanced Courses 223F, 323F. Federal Criminal Law. Prosecution and defense of criminal trials in federal district court; considerable emphasis on white-collar crime. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 223L, 323L, 423L. Criminal Law II. Theory and content of complex criminal offenses, principally federal crimes. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 323. 129S, 229S, 329S, 429S, 529S, 629S, 729S, 829S, 929S. Topics in Law. This course is used to record credit the student earns while enrolled at another institution in a program administered by the School of Law's International Student Programs (ISP) office. Credit is recorded as assigned by an ISP Administrator in the School of Law. University credit is awarded for work in an exchange program; it may be counted as coursework taken in residence. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 230M, 330M, 430M. Real Estate Finance. An advanced problems course dealing with acquisition, financing, development, and disposition of real estate. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 231K, 331K, or 431K is recommended but not required. 231D, 331D. Real Estate Development. Intermediate-level overview of the real estate development process and relevant areas of law: land acquisition, leasing, construction finance, and permanent finance. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 231K, 331K, 431K. Real Estate Transactions. Intermediate conveyancing course dealing with the transfer, finance, and development of real estate. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 132C, 232C, 332C. Advanced Legal Research. 40 One, two, or three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. Topic 1: Advanced Research: Foreign and International Law. Introduction to the sources and methods of research in foreign and international law, tailored to the needs of American lawyers. Topic 2: Advanced Research: Texas Law. Introduction to the judicial, statutory, and administrative sources of Texas law. Topics include research in state administrative law and legislative histories. Both print and electronic resources are covered. 132D, 232D, 332D. Advanced Legal Writing. A review of grammar, rhetorical techniques, organizational schemes, transitional devices, and persuasive language. Students focus on work completed in another course or in a clerkship. One, two, or three lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 232E, 332E. Teaching Quizmaster. Restricted to second- and third-year students. Students teach legal research skills to first-year students and serve as teaching assistants for the writing portion of legal research and writing courses. At least ten to twenty hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: Acceptance into the Teaching Quizmaster program and appointment as a teaching assistant. Students must apply to the program in the spring semester prior to enrollment in the course and must complete a six-week training program. 132F, 232F. Internet Resources for Lawyers. Internet tools such as Web browsers and Web search and indexing engines. Emphasis on location and content of primary and secondary legal source material. One or two lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 232G, 332G. Basic Drafting. Practice in drafting a client letter, a basic contract, and a set of rules; review of sentence-level skills, organization, and tone. Two or three lecture hours a week for one 41 semester. 232J, 332J. Writing for Litigation. Study and review of sentence-level skills and tone. Emphasis on plain language, as well as clarity, brevity, organization, professionalism, and polish. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 132L, 232L, 332L, 432L. Brief Writing and Oral Advocacy. Focuses on using legal arguments to persuade appellate judges. Includes an introduction to the form and writing style of an appellate brief. One, two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. Law 132L, 232L, 332L, 432L and 279M, 379M (Topic: Brief Writing and Oral Advocacy) may not both be counted. 232N. Editing for Editors. Weekly workshop in editing techniques for law review editors. Each week the class discusses a submission from one law review. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 239, 339, 439. Jurisprudence. Underlying problems in the functioning of a legal order; legal definition and justice as factors in decision making; discovery and interpretation of authority; rights and privileges of the person relative to society and government; conditions for imposing legal responsibility on a person; procedures for decision making; the relationship between law and the market in economic decision making. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 240, 340. Family Law. Legal problems related to the establishment, dissolution, and reorganization of family relationships, including marriage, divorce, annulment, alimony and child support, custody, and injuries to family relations. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Completion of first-year law courses. 240M, 340M, 440M. Antitrust: Economic Analysis and Legal Interpretation. 42 An examination of the business functions and competitive impact of practices that are subject to antitrust regulation to determine their legality under United States antitrust laws. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 241F, 341F. Literature and the Law. Justice and law as they are presented in literary works that deal with race and work. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 341G. Sports Law. An amalgam of contracts, antitrust, and labor law as they affect professional and collegiate sports in the United States. Emphasis on issues affecting professional team sports. Individual and college (especially Title IX) sports and the regulation of agents. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Knowledge of baseball, basketball, and football; Law 260K, 360K, or 460K and Law 261K, 361K, or 461K are recommended but not required. Course is best taken during the student's third year. 241H, 341H. Equine Law. Survey of the law relating to the American horse industry. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 241J. Environmental Law: Technical Issues. A survey of the scientific and technical aspects of environmental law, including chemistry, human physiology, toxicology, laboratory analysis methods, and risk assessment. A study of environmental control strategies and technologies for air and water pollution, groundwater protection, and hazardous waste management. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. 241L, 341L, 441L. Environmental Law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. Topic 1: Introduction, Air, Water, and Toxics. An introduction to pollution control, the common law antecedents, and early statutory developments, and an intensive study of the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act. 43 Topic 2: Hazardous Wastes and Enforcement. A study of enforcement issues, including citizens' suits. Examines the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund). Topic 3: Environmental Law and Natural Resources. An introduction to environmental thinking in the context of scarce publicly and privately owned natural resources. Covers public trust doctrine, relevance of the Tenth Amendment to environmental protection, the National Endowment Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act. 241M, 341M, 441M. Mass Media Law. Regulation of broadcast media by the Federal Communications Commission; the constitutional and administrative law problems generated by regulation. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 241P, 341P. Comparative Environmental Law. Property rights and the environment, constitutional basis for environmental protection, sustainable development and the role of law, environmental enforcement, and trade and environment. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 241R, 341R. Entertainment Law. Legal aspects of producing and financing a motion picture, with minor attention to the theatre industry. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 274K, 374K, 474K, or 574K. 341S. Entertainment Industry Law. Overview of the legal problems that arise in film, theatre, television, music, and literary publishing. Issues common to all branches of the entertainment industry, like the right of publicity, copyright, and contractual protections. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Knowledge of business associations law is helpful but not required. 241U, 341U, 441U. Telecommunications. Effect of federal, state, and local regulation and policy on the convergence of technologies and markets in the telecommunications industry. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for 44 one semester. 242M, 342M, 442M. Bankruptcy. Introduction to Title II of the United States Code and related state and federal laws: both liquidation and reorganization bankruptcy, including exemptions, discharge of debt, avoidance of powers of trustees, and rights of various classes of creditors; jurisdiction and procedure. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 180D, 280D, 380D, or 480D. 242N, 342N. Advanced Bankruptcy. Advanced bankruptcy issues frequently encountered in both complex and ordinary bankruptcy proceedings. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Credit or registration for Law 242M, 342M, or 442M. 142R. Bankruptcy Workshop. Representation of debtors and secured creditors in chapter 11 bankruptcy. Further study and application of the basic concepts of business bankruptcy, with emphasis on structuring and drafting. One lecture hour a week for one semester. 242S, 342S. Bankruptcy Reorganization. Advanced course on the application of chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code to the reorganization of business entities. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 242M, 342M, or 442M. 343C. United States Law and Legal Research, Introduction. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Admission to the Master of Laws degree program. 243E, 343E. The Emergence of Modern European Law. Historical and cultural development of modern European law on the Continent and in England. Differences between English and American laws. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 243G, 343G, 443G. East European Law in Transition. 45 The collapse of socialist law in Eastern Europe and the subsequent problems and progress of law reform. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 243L, 343L. Latin American Law: Survey. Short general and historical introduction, followed by presentation of the main common problems of Latin American countries, including the weakness of national integration and the role of the military in politics, and by a country-by-country survey, showing how these problems are manifest in constitutions and main laws of Latin America. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 243S, 343S. United States Trade and Investment in Mexico. Substantive law found in treaties, Mexican commercial law, and selected United States tax and trade policies; application of the law to the key issues in a major and growing relationship in which Texas plays a dominant role. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 243T, 343T. International Tort Law. In-depth analysis of some of the common problems and current methodology in American, German, and English modern tort laws. This is both an advanced torts and accident compensation course and an introduction to the comparative method. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 244, 344, 444. International Business Transactions. Problems confronting exporters, importers, and firms doing business abroad; emphasizes American and foreign tariff, antitrust, corporation, and arbitration law, and the European Union. For each semester hour of credit earned, one lecture hour a week for one semester. 344C. Transnational Business Transactions. Structuring, negotiation, and documentation of transnational business transactions, considered from the standpoint of a practicing transnational lawyer who represents both United States-based and foreign-based enterprise. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 245, 345, 445. Products Liability. 46 Problems of preventing and compensating harm attributable to dangerous or defective products through regulation by government agencies, the judicial process, and market forces. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 227 and 327, Law 427, or Law 527. 245C, 345C. Texas Consumer Protection. A brief overview of the primary common law causes of action available to purchasers of real property, goods, and services. Case law under the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Article 21.21 of the Texas Insurance Code. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 245D, 345D. Consumer Protection (Deceptive Trade Practices Act). Overview of the primary common law causes of action available to purchasers of real property, goods, and services. Case law under the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act and Article 21.21 of the Texas Insurance Code. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 346K. Negotiation. An exploration, largely through simulated exercises, of the lawyer's role in the negotiation of transactions. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 346L. Negotiation in Criminal Cases. An exploration, largely through simulated exercises, of the prosecutor's and defense attorney's roles in the negotiation of criminal cases. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 147. Basic Business and Financial Concepts. Brief introduction to basic business and financial concepts (such as financial statements, equity and debt financing, securities transactions) for students with little or no business background. Three lecture hours a week for one month. May not be counted by students with credit for any of the following: Law 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K; more than six semester hours of undergraduate coursework in accounting; or more than three courses in economics or business. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 47 147L. Business and Investment Math for Lawyers. Introduction to basic vocabulary, concepts, and numbers of investing and business. The basics of investing and some business issues, including corporate capital structure, and an introduction to the framework of accounting. One lecture hour a week for one semester. May not be counted by students with credit for any of the following: Law 254J, 354J, 454J, 554J, 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K. 147M, 247M. Fundamentals of Business. Basic vocabulary and concepts of business and finance. One or two lecture hours a week for one semester. 248C, 348C, 448C. Civil Rights Litigation. A basic introduction to the theory and practice of suing under state and federal statutory and constitutional law for redress of harm to one's civil rights by the government or its agents. The course balances the traditional approach of exposing students to litigation strategies with that of relating the rule of law to society. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 248D, 348D, 448D. Americans with Disabilities. The history of disability law, the trends in federal rulings, and emerging issues as Congress debates new legislation related to persons with disabilities. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 248E, 348E, 448E. International Human Rights Law. An overview of international human rights law, including its history and development. Covers domestic, regional and international legal systems, and the extent to which they incorporate and implement human rights; and contemporary political and theoretical debates over the scope and interpretation of human rights law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 249, 349, 449. Children and the Law. Survey of important legal problems involving children and their relationships to their families and to the state (including the public education system). Two, three, or four lecture hours a 48 week for one semester. 249C, 349C. Juvenile Justice (Modern). The unique legal procedure that constitutes the juvenile justice system; social issues such as safe schools, safe streets, juvenile gang control, and juvenile curfew controls. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 350C. Enterprise of Technology: Laboratory to Market. Study of the activities involved in commercializing a technology from conception to profitable enterprise. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 250G, 350G, 450G. Intellectual Property, Introduction. General overview of intellectual property law. Analysis of competing policies underlying intellectual property laws. Fundamentals of trade secrets, patent, copyright, and trademark law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 250H. Enforcement of Intellectual Property. Selected issues in the enforcement of intellectual property through litigation in federal and state courts and administrative tribunals; emphasis is on patent infringement litigation. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. 250J, 350J. International Intellectual Property. Selected issues involving the international protection of intellectual property, with emphasis on copyright. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 250K, 350K, 450K. Copyright. Literary and artistic property, the law related to trade identity, and other rules of the competitive game. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 250L, 350L, 450L. Patent Law. The substantive law of patents in the United States. Designed for individuals interested in practicing in the field of intellectual property law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 49 350M. Computer Law. Various forms of intellectual property protection as they have been applied to computers; emerging issues in the law of computer networks; antitrust issues in the computer industry. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 250G, 350G, 450G, 250K, 350K, 450K, 250P, 350P, or 450P. 250N, 350N. Trademarks. Nature of marks, distinctiveness, acquisition of rights in marks, registration, loss of rights, infringement, defenses, remedies, trade dress, federal unfair competition, dilution, licensing, protection of marks outside the United States. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 250P, 350P, 450P. Patents and Trade Secrets. Survey of patent law, which is related to science and technology and concerns useful solutions to real problems. It concerns manufactured structures and substances and manufactured processes affecting structures and substances. Patents depend upon a federal statute; trade secrets are state law analogs of patents. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 250R, 350R. Patent Litigation. Analysis of the case law and statutes governing patent enforcement, and comparison with the most recent decisions of the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Includes study of infringement and remedies. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 250P, 350P, or 450P is recommended but not required. 250T, 350T. Patent Prosecution Workshop. An overview of the rules of practice before the Patent and Trademark Office, and an introduction to the practical considerations in preparing and prosecuting a patent application. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: Law 250P, 350P, or 450P, or concurrent enrollment in Law 250R or 350R. 250U. Internet Business. Explores and covers a wide range of legal and policy issues related to starting and operating 50 an Internet-based business, with particular emphasis on the legal implications of evolving Internet business models. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. 251C, 351C, 451C. History of American Law. History of law in the United States, from the colonial period to the twentieth century. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 251K, 351K. Criminal Procedure: Investigation. Rules governing police conduct and the effect of these rules on admission of evidence; search and seizure, lineups, confessions, and similar matters. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 252K, 352K, 452K. Texas Government. The structure and process of Texas government, including constitutional, administrative, and local government law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 253L, 353L, 453L. Economic Analysis and the Common Law. The allocative efficiency of various torts, contract, and property doctrines. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 353M. Financial Markets and Institutions. How financial markets are organized and function. Includes debt equity and foreign exchange markets, primary and secondary market operations, and investment banking. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 253N, 353N, 453N. Law, Business, and Economics Workshop. Speaker-based law and economics empirical workshop. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. Law 253N, 353N, 453N and 279M, 379M (Topic: Law, Business, and Economics Workshop) may not both be counted. 254, 354, 454. Corporate Finance. Advanced corporation law; topics include enterprise and securities valuation, capitalization, 51 senior securities, distributions to shareholders, voluntary reorganizations, and business combinations. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 274K, 374K, 474K, or 574K. 254C, 354C. Tax and Business Strategy. The effect of tax on business decisions. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Knowledge of algebra. 354D. Corporate Governance. The issues faced by CEOs and those who report directly to them as they balance their time between achieving quarterly performance targets and building strong companies that can sustain above-market financial performance in the future. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 254J, 354J, 454J, 554J. Federal Income Taxation. An overview of the federal income tax, mostly as it applies to individuals. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 254N, 354N. Federal Income Taxation A. Taxation of personal income and some typical personal investments. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 254P, 354P. Federal Income Taxation B. Taxation of commercial investments and operations. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 254N, 354N, or the equivalent. 354Q. Partnership Tax. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 254J, 354J, 454J, 554J, 254N, or 354N. Law 274K, 374K, 474K, or 574K and a course in corporate income tax are recommended. 254R, 354R, 454R. Taxation of Corporations and Shareholders. The system of double taxation of C corporations, in which both the corporation and its 52 shareholders are taxed on their earnings. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 254J, 354J, 454J, 554J, 254N, 354N, 254P, or 354P. 354S. Tax Controversy and Litigation. Civil and criminal tax litigation. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 454J, 554J, 254N and 254P, an undergraduate course in tax, or related work experience. 354T. Federal Income Taxation of Corporations. Formation, operation, mergers, and liquidation of corporations, and the taxation of shareholders on different kinds of distributions. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 454J, or 254N and 254P. 254U, 354U. Federal Income Taxation of Trusts and Estates. Federal income taxation of estates, trusts, grantors, and beneficiaries, as prescribed by subchapter J of the Internal Revenue Code. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 254J, 354J, 454J, or 554J. 255C, 355C. Public School Law. Legal and practical doctrines governing the creation and operation of school districts; employment relations between professional and nonprofessional employees and local school districts; and regulation of students and limitations on the right of school districts to discipline children. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 255L, 355L, 455L. Higher Education and the Law. Academic freedom and tenure; related constitutional issues; employment discrimination and collective bargaining in the university context. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 256, 356, 456. Estate Planning. Advanced problems in estate planning: marital deduction trusts; planning for community and separate property; inter vivos gifts and trusts; closely held business interests; farm and ranch properties; income taxation of estates and trusts. Two, three, or four lecture hours a 53 week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 289N, 389N, 489N, or 589N. 257, 357, 457. Texas Marital Relationships and Divorce. All aspects of divorce; premarital contracts, marriage, annulment, and ongoing family relationships. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 258K, 358K, 458K. Labor Law in the Public Sector. The labor and constitutional issues posed by collective bargaining in public employment. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 258N. Texas Legislature: Process and Procedure. The ways the Texas Legislature works, both officially and otherwise. Consideration of a wide range of procedural and substantive topics, with emphasis on the regulation of citizen conduct through statute, rather than on the purely political aspects of the institution. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. 260K, 360K, 460K. Antitrust. Federal and state law dealing with concerted action in unreasonable restraint of trade; monopolization; price discrimination, exclusive dealing arrangements, and other unfair competition; permissive resale price maintenance; mergers and joint ventures; limitations on the patent legal monopoly. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 361, 461. Administrative Law. Forms of law governing jurisdiction and procedure of state and federal agencies; right and scope of judicial review; relation of administrative agencies to legislature and chief executive. Three or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 361E. Administrative Law, Texas. The law of and about administrative agencies; comparison between federal and Texas administrative law. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 261J, 361J, 461J. Employment Law. An examination of legal doctrines governing employment relations outside the collective 54 bargaining arena: development of the common law doctrine of at-will employment, the doctrine of free market control of employment, and problems raised by new employee rights, including affirmative action, pregnancy disability, and comparable worth. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 261K, 361K, 461K. Labor Law. Collective bargaining and government intervention; functions of labor unions; settlement of labor disputes; rights of employees and of union members. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 261M, 361M. ERISA: An Introduction to Employee Pension and Health Plans. Pension taxation, antidiscrimination rules, fiduciary duties arising from employee benefit trusts, and the regulatory tension between federal and state governments regarding health benefits. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 454J or 254N. 262L, 362L, 462L. Remedies. Compensatory, restitutionary, and exemplary damages for breach of contract or for injury of personal and property interests; injunctions and other equitable relief. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 362P. Restitution. The law of restitution (unjust or unjustified enrichment), presented as the third heading of private, civil liability in the legal system, along with contract and tort. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 263T, 363T, 463T. International Energy Transactions. International business transactions in the energy and natural resource industries. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 264C, 364C, 464C. Medicine and the Law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. 55 Topic 1: Bioethics. Legal issues arising from the development of biomedical technologies that extend life and manipulate its creation. Law 264C focuses on death and dying and reproductive issues. Law 364C covers additional material on human experimentation and organ transplantation. Topic 2: Regulation of the Health Care System. Medicine as an industry; the types of legal regulation that control the medical profession and regulate the health care system. 264D, 364D. Medical Practice and Law. The language and structure of the medical profession; the process of establishing medical diagnoses and treatments; the concept of standard of care as applied in medicine; and the legal validation and use of medical information. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 364G. Indian Law, Federal. Federal law governing Indian tribes and Indian people. Contemporary original tribal source material. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 264S, 364S. Construction Law. Issues in general United States law that affect commercial and industrial construction, with emphasis on significant Texas cases. Overview of the construction process, examining roles of various parties, followed by consideration of the legal problems frequently encountered. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 264T, 364T. Construction Litigation. Analysis of theories of liability and defense in the area of construction litigation, with emphasis on Texas law. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 265M, 365M. Land-Use Regulation. Legal aspects of government programs for controlling land use, emphasizing urban problems. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 267M, 367M, 467M. Estate and Gift Tax. Federal gift, estate, and generation-skipping taxes. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week 56 for one semester. May not be counted by students with credit for Law 256, 356, or 456. Prerequisite: Law 289N, 389N, 489N, or 589N. 368C. Introduction to Mexican Law. A general study of the Mexican legal system, including public, social, and private law. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 268N, 368N, 468N. Employment Discrimination. Issues related to the elimination of discrimination and the promotion of equality in employment. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 269, 369, 469. Insurance. Solicitation and sale of insurance; persons and interests protected by insurance; selection and control of risks; disposition of claims. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 269P, 369P. Texas Insurance Litigation. Detailed review of consumers' rights and remedies in insurance litigation. Emphasis on practical applications of substantive law, including actionable conduct, statutory and common law theories, standing, persons and entities that may be liable, remedies, defenses, presuit considerations, pleadings, discovery, trial practice, and ethics. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 269R, 369R. Regulated Industries. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 270G, 370G. Mass Torts and Class Actions. Issues practitioners deal with in mass torts and class actions such as the tobacco, AIDS/hemophilia, breast implant, and asbestos cases; the procedural hurdles of certifying and settling these cases. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 270J, 370J. Criminal Defense, Advanced. The basics of criminal defense, from a practical perspective. Two or three lecture hours a 57 week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only. 270M, 370M. Criminal Procedure: Prosecution. The litigation of a criminal case, from the defendant's initial appearance in court through pretrial matters and the trial itself. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 270N, 370N. Communications Torts. An advanced torts course. Covers harm committed by means of communication rather than by physical acts, including defamation, invasion of privacy, and interference with commercial and familial relations. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 227 and 327, Law 427, or Law 527. 370R. Torts, Advanced. Issues that arise in a sophisticated tort practice. Personal injury litigation is considered from both the plaintiff's and the defense's viewpoint. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 370S. Commercial Torts. Torts that protect purely economic interests and the interplay of tort and contract law. Includes misrepresentation, interference with business relations, defamation in a private context, the theory of prima facie tort, and the insurance torts. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 370T. Mass Tort Litigation. Problems in complex mass tort litigation that emerged during the 1980s and have become a permanent part of the litigation landscape. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 233 and 333, or 533; and Law 227 and 327, or 527. 270U, 370U. White Collar Crime. Conspiracy, mail and wire fraud, money laundering, RICO, bank fraud, health care fraud, and tax fraud. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 371G. Constitutional and International Law. 58 The relationship between constitutional and international law: the origin of the latter in the former, the historical succession of constitutional archetypes that arose because of international conflict, and the future of international law as its constitutional basis changes. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 371K, 471K. International Legal Process. Legal organization of the international community; sources of and modes of applying international law; jurisdiction and treatment of nationals and aliens; extradition; war and peace. Three or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 271M, 371M, 471M. Accounting for Lawyers. Introduction to the theory of financial accounting and its numerous applications to the practice of law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 471N. National Security Law. Survey of topics relating law and security: strategic arms and arms control, economic sanctions, intelligence. Four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Completion of first-year law courses. 371P. Economics and National Security Policies. The art and science of economic and national security policy-making, including the selection of policymakers, and the theory, implications, and consequences of policy decisions. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the letter-grade basis only. 371R. Perspectives on Public Policy. Policy formation in the areas of economics, national security, science, technology, and trade. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 271S, 371S, 471S. United States Law and National Security. Review of federal legal efforts and authority related to national security. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 171T. Accounting for Lawyers, Basic. 59 Introduction to the theory of financial accounting and its numerous applications to the practice of law. One lecture hour a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in Law 271M, 371M, or 471M. 171V, 271V, 371V, 471V. Public Affairs and Law. One, two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. 372G. International Affairs: President, Congress, and Courts. Powers of the three branches of federal government over foreign affairs; the extent to which domestic and international law constrains the exercise of these powers. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 274G, 374G, 474G. Corporations. Introduction to the basic legal rules and principles governing the relations among managers, shareholders, and creditors in the business enterprise. Emphasis is on public corporations, Delaware corporation law, an ex ante "planning" perspective, and an overall "law-andeconomics" approach to the study of economic institutions. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 274G, 374G, 474G, 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K, 479M (Topic: Corporations). 374H. International and Comparative Business Organizations. Study and comparison of the different business organizations in civil law systems (France and Mexico) and in common law systems (United States). Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 274J, 374J. Mergers and Acquisitions. Legal issues involved in the acquisition of business enterprises by multinational corporations: initial negotiations, documentation, financial structuring of the purchase, and sale of business enterprises. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K. Business Associations. 60 Basic course in the organization, management, financing, and dissolution of business associations and their creditors. Although some attention is given to agency principles governing the representation of business associations and to partnership law, emphasis is on the business corporation with particular attention to the problems of the closed corporation. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 274G, 374G, 474G, 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K, 479M (Topic: Corporations). 374N. Taxation of Natural Resources. Special application of the federal income tax to oil, gas, and solid mineral extractive industries. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 274R, 374R, 474R. International Tax. Overview of ways the United States taxes (1) nonresident aliens and foreign corporations on income from United States sources and (2) United States persons and corporations on income received from international sources. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 254N or 354N. 275W, 375W, 475W. Civil Litigation Skills, Intermediate. Techniques such as preparing for and taking a deposition, drafting and responding to discovery, electronic issues, courtroom technology, and voir dire. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 376C. Texas Civil Procedure: Pretrial. Pretrial preparation for litigation in Texas courts. The litigation process from inception to the days immediately before trial. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 376C, 376D, 276P, 376P, 476P. 376D. Texas Civil Procedure: Trial and Appeal. Trials and appeals in Texas courts, from the days immediately before trial through the appellate process. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 376C, 376D, 276P, 376P, 476P. 276E, 376E. The Jury System from John Jay to OJ. 61 Origin of the jury and how it has changed over time. Jury selection, jury comprehension, jury instructions, and jury nullification. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 276F, 376F, 476F. Legal Process. The institutional and jurisprudential consequences of legal rules; the application of legalprocess approaches to problems of private and public law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. 476G. Trial Tactics. An intensive trial advocacy course covering all aspects of trial. Four lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 476G, 176N, 276N, 376N, 476N, 576N, 676N. 176H, 276H, 376H, 476H. Intensive Trial Skills. Designed for the advocacy student interested in improving trial skills. Consists of intensive skills exercises and trial technique training. Students try up to four cases in one semester in a fast-paced environment. One, two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. 176J. Texas Civil Procedure: Pretrial Workshop. Students work in teams of two to draft pleadings and motions that are discussed in Texas civil procedure courses. One lecture hour a week for one semester. 276L, 376L. Water Law. Judicial, legislative, and administrative problems in water resources development, allocation, and control. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 276M, 376M, 476M. Advocacy Survey. The basics of persuasive techniques in all litigation settings, including pretrial motions, alternative dispute resolution, arbitration, voir dire, and trial. Course culminates in a mock trial. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 62 176N, 276N, 376N, 476N, 576N, 676N. Advocacy Survey: Skills. A skills course covering the basics of persuasive techniques in all litigation settings, including pretrial motions, alternative dispute resolution, arbitration, voir dire, and trial. Course culminates in a mock trial. One, two, three, four, five, or six lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 476G, 176N, 276N, 376N, 476N, 576N, 676N. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in Law 276M, 376M, or 476M. 276P, 376P, 476P. Texas Civil Procedure: Survey. A survey of the rules governing civil litigation in the Texas state courts, including pleadings, forum selection, discovery, summary judgment, jury charge, judgments, appeals, and settlements. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Only one of the following may be counted: Law 376C, 376D, 276P, 376P, 476P. Prerequisite: Law 233, 333, 433, 533, or the equivalent. 376R. Texas Civil Procedure for Litigators. The most advanced and specialized course in Texas civil procedure, emphasizing the practitioner's role in pleading, discovery, preservation of error, charge preparation, and appeals. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 176S, 276S, 376S, 476S, 576S. Civil Litigation, Advanced. An advanced course encompassing the principles and skills of trial advocacy and civil procedure; pretrial discovery and motion practice, alternative dispute resolution, jury trial, and appeal. For each semester hour of credit earned, one lecture hour a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Law 476H; or Law 276M, 376M, or 476M. 276T, 376T. Texas Civil Litigation: Pretrial and Trial Strategy. Preparation of a civil case for trial, including ethical considerations and client relations, preparation of pleadings, preparation of discovery requests and responses to discovery requests, taking depositions, handling experts, evaluation of cases, and final trial preparation. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail 63 basis only. 276U, 376U. Appellate Advocacy. Study of the advocate's strategies and role in the appellate process. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 176V. Texas Civil Procedure: Trial and Appeal Workshop. Further study and application of the basic concepts of Texas civil procedure covered in Law 376D. One lecture hour a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in Law 376D. 276W, 376W, 476W. Advocacy Practice and Theory for the New Millennium. For students who have mastered the basic advocacy skills and will focus on cutting edge advocacy theories and techniques. Study centers on recent developments in behavioral science, communication, psychology, and technology. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 277, 377, 477. Admiralty Law. A survey of the law applicable to the business of using the oceans and other navigable waters to transport people, goods, and materials, and the related business of exploring for oil and gas beneath those waters. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 377D. Maritime Injuries Litigation: Advanced Speciality Course. A review of recent important decisions dealing with the rights of maritime workers, harbor workers, and others injured under circumstances of potential admiralty jurisdiction. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 277, 377, or 477. 377E. Maritime Appellate Litigation. Study of the art of appellate advocacy in the context of maritime law by briefing, arguing, and deciding admiralty cases. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 177J. Texas Civil Procedure: Survey Workshop. Further study and application of the basic concepts of Texas civil procedure covered in Law 64 276P, 376P, and 476P. One lecture hour a week for one semester. Law 177J and Law 179M (Topic: Texas Civil Procedure: Survey Workshop) may not both be counted. 278J, 378J. Domestic Violence and the Law. Social and historical context of battering; related civil and criminal law issues; alternative procedural frameworks and legislative reforms; state-of-the-art court programs working to combat domestic violence. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 178K, 278K, 378K, 478K. Texas Marital Property Rights. Property rights of husband and wife; the Texas community property system; homestead. One, two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 231 and 331, Law 431, or Law 531. 278N, 378N, 478N. Texas Criminal Procedure: Pretrial. The statutory law and appellate case law related to pretrial criminal court procedure in Texas. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: A course in criminal procedure. 378P, 478P. Texas Criminal Procedure: Trial and Beyond. The statutory law and appellate case law related to criminal court procedure--trial and beyond--in Texas. Three or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: A course in criminal procedure. 278R, 378R. Capital Punishment. General jurisprudential and moral issues related to capital punishment; developments in capital punishment law over the past two decades. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 179M, 279M, 379M, 479M, 579M, 679M. Contemporary Legal Developments. Topics to be announced. One, two, three, four, five, or six lecture hours a week for one semester. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only; these are identified in the Course Schedule. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. Topic 0 : Economics and National Security Policies. Topics to be 65 announced. Topic 0 : Trial Advocacy Skills. Topics to be announced. 280C, 380C, 480C. Payment Systems. Covers Articles 3, 4, 5, and 7 of the Uniform Commercial Code. Deals primarily with payment systems. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 180D, 280D, 380D, 480D. Secured Credit. Credit transactions in which the creditor by contract obtains a lien on personal property-Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code. One, two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. It is recommended that students take Law 280C, 380C, or 480C before this course. 180R. Secured Credit Workshop. Further study and application of the basic concepts of secured credit covered in Law 180D, 280D, 380D, 480D. One lecture hour a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in Law 180D, 280D, 380D, or 480D. 181C, 281C, 381C, 481C. Constitutional Law II. Emphasis on First Amendment rights, due process, and equal protection; or other topics as announced. One, two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Prerequisite: Credit or registration for Law 334, 434, or 534; additional prerequisites announced with topics. 281G, 381G. The Warren Court. Study of the Warren Court (1953-1969); the court's decisions, the justices' intentions, and the contemporaneous political and legal reactions to the court's decisions. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 281R, 381R, 481R. Alternative Dispute Resolution. Advanced specialty course. Negotiation, meditation, arbitration, minitrial, and other means of resolving disputes short of full litigation. For each semester hour of credit earned, one lecture hour a week for one semester. 281S, 381S. Mediation. 66 Skills and techniques needed for effective negotiation and mediation. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 281T, 381T. Advocacy in Alternative Dispute Resolution. Study of the advocate's strategies and role outside the trial process, focusing on prelitigation, negotiation, mediation, and arbitration. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 281U, 381U. International Dispute Settlement. Explores the increasing variety of techniques, norms, and institutions available to states and other actors for the peaceful resolution of international disputes. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 282, 382, 482. Conflict of Laws. Treatment of claims concerning breach of contract, tortious injury of person or property, ownership of land or chattels, and status, where the claims involve facts foreign to the adjudicating state; jurisdiction and enforcement of foreign judgments. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 282C, 382C. Immigration and Citizenship. Admission, exclusion, and deportation of aliens; native-born, derivative, and naturalized citizenship. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 382D. International Trade. Legal principles and processes that affect both private and governmental decisions about international economic relations. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 382E. International Law and Foreign Investment. The international community's regulation of foreign investment. Primary focus on United States investment in other countries, with some attention to foreign investment in the United States. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: A course in international law is recommended but not required. 282F, 382F, 482F. International Petroleum Transactions. 67 International petroleum transactions in the context of a single industry: the various participants and the transactions that take place at each stage of the industry, from acquisition of development rights through exploration and production to transportation and marketing. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 282G, 382G. Public International Law. The way international norms (treaties and customs) are created and ascertained, the role of national courts in implementing international law, the rise and fall of states for the purpose of statehood, and the legal effects of recognition. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 382J. International Organizations. The principal legal issues concerning organizations composed of nation-states, including interpretation of their organic instruments, legal status and powers, membership and participation, norm-creation, dispute settlement, and enforcement of decisions. Primary focus on the United Nations and its specialized agencies, with some discussion of economic organizations and other important groups of states. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 282N, 382N, 482N. Comparative Law. Nature and functions of the comparative study of law; study in detail of history, territorial expansion, and basic features of the civil law. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 282P, 382P, 482P. Complex Litigation. Advanced civil procedure course dealing with multiparty and complex cases, including problems in litigation context. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 233 and 333, Law 433, or Law 533. 382R. International Litigation. Special problems of civil litigation when one or both parties are nonresident aliens, or the facts have significant international contacts, or both. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 68 382T. International Business Litigation. Resolution of disputes from transnational business transactions. International arbitration, gathering evidence abroad, and enforcement of judgments transnationally. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 283, 383, 483. Evidence. Principles and rules governing admissibility and relevance of evidence in trial courts; qualification, privileges, and examination of witnesses; burden of proof and presumptions. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 284C. Corporate and Securities Law and Transactions. Aspects of corporate and securities law not covered in Law 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K. Legal as well as business and economic factors and considerations, with emphasis on corporate and securities transactions. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. 284D, 384D. Corporation Law, Finance, Securities, and Reorganizations. Examination of areas of corporation law not covered or covered briefly in Law 274K, 374K, 474K, 574K. Topics include the nature and theory of the firm and valuation of the firm and its securities. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Credit or registration for Law 274K, 374K, 474K, or 574K. 284E, 384E, 484E. Nonprofit Organizations. Introduction to the laws, policies, and ideals affecting the creation and governance of nonprofit organizations, including medical and health-related institutions, educational institutions, cultural institutions, social clubs, service delivery organizations, religious (or "faith-based") institutions, and advocacy organizations. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Law 279M, 379M (Topic: Nonprofit Organizations) and 284E, 384E, 484E may not both be counted. 284N, 384N, 484N. Securities Regulation. Federal and state regulation of the distribution of, and trading in, securities, with particular emphasis on problems of coverage and administration of the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and the Investment Company Act of 1940. Two, three, 69 or four lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 274K, 374K, 474K, or 574K. 285, 385. Professional Responsibility. The lawyer's responsibility in making and administering the law; the codes of ethics and problems of professional conduct. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 285D, 385D. Professional Malpractice. Legal theories upon which recovery can be had and legal theories upon which professionals can be vindicated; including negligence, negligent misrepresentation, fraud, and breach of fiduciary duties. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 286, 386, 486, 586. Federal Courts. Advanced study of public law, focusing on federal judicial power to make law, to intervene in state judicial proceedings, and to govern state or nation by decree. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. 286C, 386C. Federal Courts I. Supreme Court cases on the two-law system in both sets of courts. Judicial power to fashion federal common law, including new federal causes of action; doctrines of supremacy, preemption, and federalization; interpretation of federal law. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 286D, 386D. Federal Courts II. Current and classic Supreme Court cases on the two-court system and American judicial power. Problems of separation of powers and federalism. Acute conflicts of jurisdiction. Federal judicial interference with state government. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 287C. The Supreme Court. Discussion of cases currently pending before the Supreme Court. Two lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 334; Law 386 is recommended but not required. 389G. Gender and the Law. 70 Examination and evaluation of the role of law in maintaining a gendered society. Case readings, examination of statutes, and readings that provide different perspectives brought to this and related questions by feminist theory. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 289N, 389N, 489N, 589N. Wills and Estates. Execution, revocation, and interpretation of wills; future interests, particularly those involved in testamentary trusts; perpetuities; powers of appointment. Two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. Prerequisite: Law 231 and 331, Law 431, or Law 531. 389P. Legal Scholarship. The genres of legal scholarship, including jurisprudence, traditional legal analysis, law and economics, sociology of law, and legal history. Three lecture hours a week for one semester. 289S, 389S, 489S. Sociology of Law. Sociological theories and research about law and legal institutions. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 190, 290, 390. Oil and Gas. Creation and transfer of interests in oil and gas; mutual obligations of parties to a mineral lease; correlative obligations of neighboring mineral owners; regulation of production. One, two, or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 294L, 394L, 494L. Local Government Law. State constitutional law concerning intergovernmental relations and the organization and administration of local government; ad valorem and other taxes; finance, lawmaking, personnel, contracts, and tort liability. Two, three, or four lecture hours a week for one semester. 294P, 394P. State and Local Government. Study of subnational governments in the United States. Two or three lecture hours a week for one semester. 296K, 396K, 496K. Legislation. 71 Roles of persons, institutions, courts, administrative agencies, and legislatures in lawmaking; interpretation of legislation; decision making and legal advocacy in the legislative process; drafting of legislation. For each semester hour of credit earned, one lecture hour a week for one semester. 197C, 297C, 397C, 497C, 597C. Clinical Program. Practical experience in different areas of law. Topics to be announced. One, two, three, four, or five lecture hours a week for one semester. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. 197D, 297D, 397D, 497D, 597D. Clinical Program: Practice Skills. Practical experience in different areas of the law. Topics to be announced. Fieldwork to be arranged. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. 197P, 297P, 397P, 497P, 597P, 697P, 797P, 897P, 997P. Internship Program. Internship under the supervision of a faculty member. Internship hours to be arranged. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: As announced for each topic. 297R, 397R, 497R. Nonprofit/Government Internship. Field placement in a public service organization. Internship hours to be arranged. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 198J, 298J, 398J, 498J. Judicial Internship Program. Internship under the supervision of an individual judge or justice. Internship hours to be arranged. Law 197J, 297J, 397J, 497J and 198J, 298J, 398J, 498J may not both be counted. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. 72 Research and Seminar Courses 197L, 297L, 397L, 497L, 597L, 697L. Directed Research and Study. Restricted to second- and third-year students. Individual research conducted under standards promulgated by the dean. The completed work must be approved by the supervising faculty member. Independent study. Some sections are offered on the pass/fail basis only. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: Approval of research project by the supervising faculty member and by the associate dean for academic affairs. 297S, 397S. Law Seminar: Writing. Different sections explore different areas of the law in depth. One or two lecture hours a week for one semester, with additional hour to be arranged by instructor. May be repeated for credit when the topics vary. 197W, 297W, 397W. Clinic, Advanced. For advanced clinical students who have previously completed a clinic. Advanced clinical course, to be completed under standards promulgated by the dean. The completed work must be approved by the supervising faculty member. Independent study. Offered on the pass/fail basis only. Prerequisite: Law 197C, 297C, 397C, 497C, or 597C, and the approval of a faculty member regularly engaged in clinical legal education and of the assistant dean for student affairs. 73 6. The Faculty The following faculty members held appointments during the fall semester 2011-2012. Professors Emeritus Hans W. Baade, Professor Emeritus, The Hugh Lamar Stone Chair Emeritus of Civil Law AB, Syracuse, 1949; DrIur, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 1951; LLB, LLM, Duke, 1955; Diploma, Haagse Academie voor Internationaal Recht, 1956 Richard V. Barndt, Professor Emeritus BSL, Utah, 1959; LLB, 1960 William W. Gibson Jr., Professor Emeritus, The Sylvan Lang Professor Emeritus BA, Texas, 1954; LLB, 1956 Robert W. Hamilton, Professor Emeritus, Minerva House Drysdale Regents Chair Emeritus AB, Swarthmore College, 1952; JD, Chicago, 1955 Douglas Laycock, Professor Emeritus, Alice McKean Young Regents Chair Emeritus in Law BA, Michigan State, 1970; JD, Chicago, 1973 Leon Lebowitz, Professor Emeritus, Joseph C. Hutcheson Professor Emeritus in Law JD, Baylor, 1943; AB, 1950; LLM, New York, 1952 Jack Ratliff, Professor Emeritus, Ben Gardner Sewell Professor Emeritus in Civil Trial Advocacy BA, Texas, 1956; LLB, 1962 M. Michael Sharlot, Professor Emeritus, Wright C. Morrow Professor Emeritus in Law BA, Antioch, 1958; LLB, Pennsylvania, 1962 74 John F. Sutton Jr., Professor Emeritus, A. W. Walker Centennial Chair Emeritus JD, Texas 1941 James M. Treece, Professor Emeritus, Charles I. Francis Professor Emeritus in Law BS, Illinois, 1959; JD, 1961; MA, 1962 Russell J. Weintraub, Professor Emeritus, The Ben H. and Kitty King Powell Chair Emeritus in Business and Commercial Law BA, New York, 1950; JD, Harvard, 1953 Professors and Senior Lecturers Jeffrey B. Abramson, Professor BA, Amherst College, 1969; PhD, Harvard, 1977; JD, 1978 David E. Adelman, Professor BA, Reed College, 1988; PhD, Stanford, 1993; JD, 1996 Alexandra Wilson Albright, Senior Lecturer BA, University of the South, 1977; JD, Texas (Austin), 1980 David A. Anderson, Professor, Fred and Emily Marshall Wulff Centennial Chair in Law AB, Harvard, 1962; JD, Texas (Austin), 1971 Mark L. Ascher, Professor, Joseph D. Jamail Centennial Chair in Law BA, Marquette, 1975; MA, Kansas State, 1977; JD, Harvard, 1978; LLM, New York, 1981 Ronen Avraham, Professor, Thomas Shelton Maxey Professor MA, Bar-Ilan University, 1998; LLM, Michigan, 1999; SJD, 2003 Lynn Baker, Professor, Frederick M. Baron Chair in Law BA, Yale, 1978; BA, Oxford, 1982; JD, Yale, 1985 Mitchell N. Berman, Professor, Richard Dale Endowed Chair in Law AB, Harvard, 1988; JD, Michigan (Ann Arbor), 1993; MA, 1994 Lynn E. Blais, Professor, Leroy G. Denman Jr. Regents Professor in Real Property Law AB, Wellesley College, 1983; JD, Harvard, 1988 75 Philip C. Bobbitt, Distinguished Senior Lecturer AB, Princeton, 1971; JD, Yale, 1975; PhD, Oxford, 1983; MA, 1984 Robert G. Bone, Professor, G. Rollie White Teaching Excellence Chair in Law BA, Stanford, 1973; JD, Harvard, 1978 Oren Bracha, Professor, Howery LLP and Arnold, White & Durkee Centennial Professor in Law LLB, Universitat Tel-Aviv, 1998; LLM, Harvard, 2000; SJD, 2003 Loftus C. Carson II, Professor, Ronald D. Krist Professor in Law BS, Cornell, 1968; MPAff, Princeton, 1970; JD, Harvard, 1973; MBA, Pennsylvania, 1980 Robert M. Chesney, Professor, Charles I. Francis Professor in Law BS, Texas Christian, 1994; JD, Harvard, 1997 Michael J. Churgin, Professor, Raybourne Thompson Centennial Professor in Law AB, Brown, 1970; JD, Yale, 1973 Jane Maslow Cohen, Professor, Edward Clark Centennial Professor in Law BA, Wellesley College, 1967; JD, Yale, 1971 Frank B. Cross, Professor, Herbert D. Kelleher Centennial Professor in Business Law BA, Kansas, 1977; JD, Harvard, 1980 Jens C. Dammann, Assistant Professor JD, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 1997; LLM, Yale, 2001; JSD, 2003; DrJur, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 2004 John Deigh, Professor AB, California (Los Angeles), 1971; MA, 1975; PhD, 1979 Mechele Dickerson, Professor, Fulbright & Jaworski Professor in Law, and Arthur L. Moller Chair in Bankruptcy Law and Practice AB, Harvard, 1984; JD, 1988 George E. Dix, Professor, George R. Killam Jr. Chair of Criminal Law BS, Wisconsin, 1964; JD, 1966 76 Justin Driver, Assistant Professor BA, Brown, 1997; MA, Duke, 1998; MA, Oxford, 2000; JD, Harvard, 2004 John S. Dzienkowski, Professor, Dean John F. Sutton Jr. Chair in Lawyering and the Legal Process BBA, Miami (Florida), 1980; JD, Texas (Austin), 1983 Karen L. Engle, Professor, Cecil D. Redford Professor in Law BA, Baylor, 1984; JD, Harvard, 1989 Joseph R. Fishkin, Assistant Professor BA, Yale, 2000; MPhil, DPhil, Oxford, 2002, 2009; JD, Yale, 2007 William E. Forbath, Professor, Lloyd M. Bentsen Chair in Law AB, Harvard, 1974; BA, Cambridge, 1976; JD, Yale, 1983; PhD, 1992 Maria Franklin, Associate Professor BA, Auburn, 1989; MA, California (Berkeley), 1991; PhD, 1997 Mira Ganor, Assistant Professor BA, Universitat Tel-Aviv, 1992; MBA, 1996; LLB, 1998; LLM, California (Berkeley), 2003; JSD, 2008 Julius G. Getman, Professor, Earl E. Sheffield Regents Chair BA, City College (New York), 1953; JD, Harvard, 1958; LLM, 1963 John M. Golden, Assistant Professor AB, Harvard, 1992; PhD, 1997; JD, 2000 Steven J. Goode, Distinguished Teaching Professor, W. James Kronzer Chair in Trial and Appellate Advocacy BA, Williams College, 1972; JD, Yale, 1975 Lino A. Graglia, Professor, A. Dalton Cross Professor at Law BA, City College (New York), 1952; LLB, Columbia, 1954 Patricia I. Hansen, Professor, J. Waddy Bullion Professor in Law AB, Harvard, 1982; JD, Yale, 1987 Henry T. C. Hu, Professor, Allan Shivers Chair in the Law of Banking and Finance 77 BS, Yale, 1975; MA, 1976; JD, 1979 Derek P. Jinks, Professor, The Marrs McLean Professor in Law BA, Texas (Austin), 1991; MA, JD, Yale, 1998 Stanley M. Johanson, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Fannie Coplin Regents Chair BS, Yale, 1955; LLB, Washington (Seattle), 1958; LLM, Harvard, 1963 Calvin H. Johnson, Professor, Andrews & Kurth Centennial Professor in Law BA, Columbia, 1966; JD, Stanford, 1971 Emily E. Kadens, Assistant Professor BA, Chicago, 1992; MA, 1993; Diploma, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1995; MA, Princeton, 1997; PhD, 2001; JD, Chicago, 2004 Susan R. Klein, Professor, Alice McKean Young Regents Chair in Law BA, Wellesley College, 1984; JD, California (Berkeley), 1989 Jennifer E. Laurin, Assistant Professor BA, Earlham College, 1999; JD, Columbia, 2003 Sanford V. Levinson, Professor, W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood Jr. Centennial Chair in Law BS, Duke, 1962; PhD, Harvard, 1969; JD, Stanford, 1973 Stefanie A. Lindquist, Professor, The Thomas W. Gregory Professor BA, Ursinus College, 1985; JD, Temple, 1988; PhD, South Carolina, 1996 Angela K. Littwin, Assistant Professor BA, Brown, 1996; JD, Harvard, 2002 Basil Markesinis, Professor, Jamail Chair in Law LLB, Etnikon kai Kapodistriakon Panepistimion Athinon, 1965; Doctor Iuris, 1968; MA, PhD, Cambridge, 1970; LLD, 1988; DCL, Oxford, 1995 Inga Markovits, Professor, "The Friends of Joe Jamail" Regents Chair in Law DrJur, Freie Universität Berlin, 1966; LLM, Yale, 1969 Richard S. Markovits, Professor, The John B. Connally Chair in Law BA, Cornell, 1963; PhD, London, 1966; LLB, Yale, 1968 78 Thomas O. McGarity, Professor, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long Endowed Chair in Administrative Law BA, Rice, 1971; JD, Texas (Austin), 1974 Linda S. Mullenix, Professor, Morris and Rita Atlas Chair in Advocacy BA, City College, City University of New York, 1971; MPhil, Columbia, 1974; PhD, 1977; JD, Georgetown, 1980 Robert J. Peroni, Professor, James A. Elkins Centennial Chair in Law BSC, DePaul, 1973; JD, Northwestern, 1976; LLM, New York, 1980 Hersel W. Perry, Associate Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1976; PhD, Baylor College of Medicine, 1981; JD, Texas (Austin), 1986 Scot Powe, Professor, Anne Green Regents Chair BA, Yale, 1965; JD, Washington (Seattle), 1968 William C. Powers Jr., Distinguished Teaching Professor, Hines H. Baker and Thelma Kelley Baker Chair in Law BA, California (Berkeley), 1967; JD, Harvard, 1973 David M. Rabban, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Dahr Jamail, Randall Hage Jamail, and Robert Lee Jamail Regents Chair in Law BA, Wesleyan, 1971; JD, Stanford, 1974 Alan S. Rau, Professor, Burg Family Professor in Law BA, Harvard, 1963; LLB, 1967 David W. Robertson, Distinguished Teaching Professor, W. Page Keeton Chair in Tort Law BA, Louisiana State, 1960; LLB, 1961; LLM, Yale, 1965; JSD, 1968 John A. Robertson, Professor, Vinson & Elkins Chair in Law BA, Dartmouth College, 1964; JD, Harvard, 1968 William M. Sage, Professor, James R. Dougherty Chair for Faculty Excellence AB, Harvard, 1982; JD, MD, Stanford, 1988 Lawrence G. Sager, Professor, Alice Jane Drysdale Sheffield Regents Chair, and John 79 Jeffers Research Chair in Law BA, Pomona College, 1963; LLB, Columbia, 1966 John J. Sampson, Professor, William Benjamin Wynne Professor in Law BBA, Minnesota (Duluth), 1957; LLB, 1966 Wayne C. Schiess, Senior Lecturer BA, Brigham Young, 1986; JD, Cornell, 1989 Charles M. Silver, Professor, Roy W. and Eugenia C. McDonald Endowed Chair of Civil Procedure BA, Florida, 1979; MA, Chicago, 1981; JD, Yale, 1987 Ernest E. Smith III, Professor, The Rex G. Baker Centennial Chair in Natural Resources Law BA, Southern Methodist, 1958; LLB, Harvard, 1962 David Simon Sokolow, Distinguished Senior Lecturer BA, Columbia, 1970; MA, 1971; JD, 1979; MBA, Texas (Austin), 1993 James C. Spindler, Professor, The Sylvan Lang Professor BA, Princeton, 1997; MA, C Phil, PhD, California (Los Angeles), 2007, 2008, 2010; JD, Harvard, 2000 Matthew L. Spitzer, Professor, Hayden W. Head Regents Chair in Faculty Excellence BA, California (Los Angeles), 1973; PhD, California Institute of Technology, 1979; JD, Southern California, 1977 Jane Stapleton, Professor, Ernest E. Smith Professor in Law BS, New South Wales, 1974; PhD, Adelaide, 1977; LLB, Australian National, 1981 Jordan M. Steiker, Professor, Judge Robert M. Parker Chair of Law, and Cooper K. Ragan Regents Professor in Law BA, Wesleyan, 1984; JD, Harvard, 1988 Michael F. Sturley, Professor, Stanley D. and Sandra Rosenberg Centennial Professor in Property Law BA, Yale, 1977; BA, Oxford, 1980; JD, Yale, 1981; MA, Oxford, 1985 Melinda E. Taylor, Senior Lecturer 80 BA, Texas (Austin), 1983; JD, 1986 Gerald Torres, Professor, Bryant Smith Chair in Law AB, Stanford, 1974; JD, Yale, 1977; LLM, Michigan (Ann Arbor), 1980 Gregory J. Vincent, Professor, W. K. Kellogg Professor of Community College Leadership BA, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 1983; JD, Ohio State (Columbus), 1987; EdD, Pennsylvania, 2004 Wendy E. Wagner, Professor, Joe A. Worsham Centennial Professor in Law BA, Hanover College, 1982; MEnvironStds, Yale, 1984; JD, 1987 Louise Weinberg, Professor, William B. Bates Chair for the Administration of Justice AB, Cornell, 1954; JD, Harvard, 1969; LLM, 1974 Olin Guy Wellborn III, Professor, William C. Liedtke Sr. Professor in Law AB, Harvard, 1970; JD, 1973 Jay L. Westbrook, Professor, Benno C. Schmidt Chair of Business Law BA, Texas (Austin), 1965; JD, 1968 Abraham L. Wickelgren, Professor, The Bernard J. Ward Centennial Professor in Law AB, Harvard, 1991; JD, 1994; PhD, 1999 Sean H. Williams, Assistant Professor BA, Haverford College, 1995; JD, Chicago, 2004 Zipporah B. Wiseman, Professor, Thos. H. Law Centennial Professor in Law BA, McGill, 1950; LLB, Yale, 1954 Patrick Woolley, Professor, Beck, Redden & Secrest Professor in Law AB, Stanford, 1984; JD, Yale, 1987 Adjunct Professors William R. Allensworth, Adjunct Professor BA, Austin College, 1968; JD, Texas Tech, 1974 Sharon Baxter, Adjunct Professor 81 BS, Texas State; JD Howard Karl O. Bayer, Adjunct Professor BA, Rice; MS., Massachusets Institute of Technoloy; JD, Texas (Austin) William H. Beardall Jr., Adjunct Professor BA, Rhodes College, 1975; JD, Harvard, 1978 Jerry A. Bell, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1974; JD, 1977 Allison H. Benesch, Adjunct Professor BA, George Washington, 1975; MSW, Maryland (Baltimore), 1980; JD, Southern Methodist, 1985 Craig R. Bennett, Adjunct Professor BS, Indiana (Bloomington), 1992; JD, Baylor, 1995 William P. Bowers, Adjunct Professor BBA, Texas A&M, 1972; JD, Southern Methodist, 1975; LLM, Georgetown, 1979 Hugh L. Brady, Adjunct Professor BA, Burlington College, 2000; JD, Boston, 2004 Stacy L. Brainin, Adjunct Professor BA, 1981; JD, 1984, Texas (Austin) Anthony W. Brown, Adjunct Professor BA, Kentucky, 1983; JD, Texas (Austin), 1986 J. E. (Buster) Brown, Adjunct Professor BS, Texas A&I, 1963; JD, Texas (Austin), 1967 Tommy L. Broyles, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1987; JD, Southern Methodist, 1990 W. Amon Burton Jr., Adjunct Professor BA, Texas Technological College, 1963; MA, Wichita State, 1964; LLB, Texas (Austin), 1968 A. Elaine Casas, Adjunct Professor 82 BA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1989, 1992 Edward A. Cavazos, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1990; JD, 1993 Elizabeth S. Chestney, Adjunct Professor BA, Brown, 1999; JD, Texas (Austin), 2002 Jeffrey Civins, Adjunct Professor AB, Brandeis, 1967; MS, Pennsylvania State, 1970; JD, Texas (Austin), 1975 Elizabeth Cohen, Adjunct Professor BA, Tufts, 1985; JD, Northeastern, 1989; MSSW, Texas (Austin), 1999 Patricia J. Cummings, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1988; JD, Houston, 1991 Dick DeGuerin, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas, 1963; LLB, 1965 Adam R. Dell, Adjunct Professor BA, Tulane, 1993; JD, Texas (Austin), 1995 Steven K. DeWolf, Adjunct Professor BA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1975, 1978; LLM, Cambridge, 1983 Philip Durst, Adjunct Professor BA, Houston, 1978; MA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1982 Billie J. Ellis, Jr., Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1974; MBA, Southern Methodist; JD, Houston, 1978 Jay D. Ellwanger, Adjunct Professor BA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1998, 2001 Toria J. Finch, Adjunct Professor BS, Alabama A&M; JD, Texas Southern John C. Fleming, Adjunct Professor BA, Lee College (Tennessee), 1971; JD, Houston, 1975 Kyle K. Fox, Adjunct Professor 83 BA, Wisconsin (Madison), 1992; JD, Texas (Austin), 1995 David C. Frederick, Adjunct Professor BA, Pittsburgh (Main Campus), 1983; PhD, Oxford, 1987; JD, Texas (Austin), 1989 Fred Fuchs, Adjunct Professor BA, Angelo State University, 1971; JD, Texas (Austin), 1976 Jett L. Hanna, Adjunct Professor BBA, Southern Methodist, 1980; JD, Texas (Austin), 1983 James C. Harrington, Adjunct Professor BA, Pontifical College Josephinum, 1968; MA, Detroit, 1970; JD, 1973 Christopher S. Harrison, Adjunct Professor BA, Colorado College, 1990; MPIA, Pittsburgh, 1994; JD, PhD, North Carolina (Chapel Hill), 2001 John R. Hays Jr., Adjunct Professor BA, Rice, 1971; JD, Texas (Austin), 1974 P. Michael Hebert, Adjunct Professor AB, Georgetown, 1967; JD, Louisiana State (Baton Rouge), 1970 Steven L. Highlander, Adjunct Professor BA, Central Missouri State, 1983; PhD, Michigan (Ann Arbor), 1988; JD, 1992 Susan J. Hightower, Adjunct Professor BA, Austin College, 1987; MA, Texas (Austin), 1994; JD, Stanford, 2000 Monty G. Humble, Adjunct Professor BA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1973, 1976 Douglas L. Keene, Adjunct Professor BA, Deleware, 1975; MEd, American, 1977; PhD, Texas (Austin), 1983 Robert N. Kepple, Adjunct Professor BA, Ohio State, 1979; JD, Georgetown, 1982 Mark L. Kincaid, Adjunct Professor BBA, Texas (Austin), 1980; JD, 1983 84 Kurt H. Kuhn, Adjunct Professor BA, Arkansas Tech, 1993; JD, Yale, 1996 Kevin R. Lashus, Adjunct Professor BA, Stanford, 1994; JD, Texas (Austin), 1998 Kevin L. Leahy, Adjunct Professor BA, Duke, 1990; JD, California (Los Angeles), 1993 Maurie A. Levin, Adjunct Professor BA, Vassar College, 1985; JD, Northeastern, 1992 James W. Marcus, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1989; JD, Houston, 1993 Harry S. Martin, Adjunct Professor AB, Harvard, 1965; MLS, Pittsburgh, 1971; JD, Minnesota (Twin Cities), 1968 Frances L. Martinez, Adjunct Professor BA, Brown, 1983; JD, Stanford, 1990 Laura A Martinez, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1987; JD, Houston, 1990 Ray Martinez, Adjunct Professor BBA, Southwestern, 1987; JD, Houston, 1998 Lisa M. McClain, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas A&M, 1991; JD, South Texas College of Law, 1997; LLM, Lewis and Clark College, 2000 Barry F. McNeil, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas Technical College, 1966; JD, Texas (Austin), 1969 Angela Melina Raab, Adjunct Professor BFA, New York, 1984; JD, Texas (Austin), 1991 Elizabeth N. Miller, Adjunct Professor BA, Oklahoma (Norman), 1974; JD, Texas (Austin), 1981 Daryl L. Moore, Adjunct Professor 85 BA, Texas (Austin), 1985; JD, South Texas College of Law, 1989; MLA, Houston Baptist, 2008 Manuel H. Newburger, Adjunct Professor BA, Trinity, 1980; JD, Texas (Austin), 1983 David G. Nix, Adjunct Professor BSE, Arkansas State, 1982; LLM, George Washington, 1993; JD, Arkansas (Main Campus), 1982 Patrick L. O'Daniel, Adjunct Professor BBA, Texas (Austin), 1989; JD, 1992 Brian C. Rider, Adjunct Professor BA, Rice, 1969; JD, Texas (Austin), 1972 Robert M. Roach Jr., Adjunct Professor BA, Georgetown, 1977; JD, Texas (Austin), 1981 Betty E. Rodriguez, Adjunct Professor BSW, Texas (Austin), 1980; JD, 1984 James D. Rowe, Adjunct Professor BA, Oklahoma, 1988; JD, Texas (Austin), 1995 Matthew C. Ryan, Adjunct Professor BA, Vermont, 1990; JD, Texas (Austin), 1997 Mark A. Santos, Lecturer BA, Texas A&M, 1999; JD, Texas (Austin), 2002 Amy J. Schumacher, Adjunct Professor BA, Rice, 1996; JD, Houston, 2000 Richard J. Segura, Jr., Adjunct Professor BA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1990, 1993 Ronald J. Sievert, Adjunct Professor BA, St. Bonaventure, 1970; JD, Texas (Austin), 1977 Pamela Sigman, Adjunct Professor 86 BA, Texas (Austin), 1986; JD, Texas Tech, 1989 Bea Ann Smith, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas, 1961; MA, Brandeis, 1966; JD, Texas (Austin), 1975 James M. Spellings, Jr., Adjunct Professor BS, Pennsylvania, 1983; JD, Texas (Austin), 1986 William F. Stutts, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1973; JD, Virginia, 1976 Matthew J. Sullivan, Adjunct Professor BS, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 1982; JD, St. Mary's, 1990 Jeremy S. Sylestine, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 2000; JD, Virginia, 2004 Bradley P. Temple, Adjunct Professor BA, Brigham Young, 1995; JD, Texas Tech, 1999 Sherine E. Thomas, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas (Austin), 1992; JD, South Texas, 1995 Terry O. Tottenham, Adjunct Professor BSPhr, Texas (Austin), 1967; JD, 1970; LLM, George Washington, 1973 Robert W. Turner, Adjunct Professor BA, Rice, 1960; LLB, Texas, 1963 Timothy J. Tyler, Adjunct Professor BA, Yale, 1986; JD, Texas (Austin), 1994 Susan S. Vance, Adjunct Professor BBA, Texas A&M, 1999; JD, Texas (Austin), 2002 Lana K. Varney, Adjunct Professor BJ, Texas (Austin), 1980; JD, 1988 Deborah Wagner, Adjunct Professor BA, Virginia, 1982; M Arch , Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), 1994; JD, Maryland (Baltimore), 1985 87 Roderick E. Wetsel, Adjunct Professor BA, JD, Texas (Austin), 1975, 1977 Dara Whitehead, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas Tech, 1993; MS, Texas (Dallas), 2006 Randall B. Wilhite, Adjunct Professor BBA, Texas (Austin), 1976; JD, Houston, 1979 David G. Wille, Adjunct Professor BS, Wisconsin (Madison), 1988; MS, 1989; JD, Michigan (Ann Arbor), 1992 Mark B. Wilson, Adjunct Professor BA, Texas A&M (College Station), 1986; MA, Texas (Austin), 1989; JD, 1992 Christina T. Wisdom, Adjunct Pofessor BA, Southwestern, 1997; JD, Texas (Austin), 2003 Paul Womack, Adjunct Professor BS, Louisiana State (Baton Rouge), 1970; JD, Texas (Austin), 1975 Denney L. Wright, Adjunct Professor BBA, Texas Tech; JD, South Texas; LLM, Houston Daniel J. Young, Adjunct Professor BA, Stanford, 1989; JD, Chicago, 1992 88