Biennial Report
2003/2004
Edited by David Burley
Designed by Cheryl Takahashi
The Biennial Report is a departmental publication available as a downloadable PDF
from the Department of Archaeology website: http://www2.sfu.ca/archaeology.
© 2005 Department of Archaeology, SFU
Department of Archaeology
Simon Fraser University
Table of Contents
Chair’s Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Department Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Faculty and Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Graduate Students. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Committees and Other Appointments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Graduate Programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Graduate Programme Committee Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Graduate Degrees Awarded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Graduate Departmental and External Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Undergraduate Programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Undergraduate Programme Committee Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Honours Theses Completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Undergraduate Awards and Prizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Undergraduate Courses Offered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
First Nations Studies Programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Field Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2004 Fraser Valley Archaeology Field School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2004 SFU-SCES Kamloops Archaeology Field School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
2004 South Pacific Field School in Tonga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
2003 Little Shuswap Lake Archaeology Field School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
2 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Faculty Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Lynne Bell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
David Burley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Catherine D’Andrea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Jonathan Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Knut Fladmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Biruté Galdikas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Brian Hayden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Ross Jamieson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Dana Lepofsky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Robert Muir (Lecturer). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Erle Nelson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
George Nicholas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Richard Shutler, Jr. (Emeritus). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Mark Skinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Dongya Yang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Eldon Yellowhorn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Research Grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Laboratories Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Table of Contents • 3
Chair’s Report
A
t few other times in the history of the Archaeology Department has there been such profound
change as was the case in 2003 and 2004. Not
all of it unfortunately has been for the good. I am
deeply saddened to report on the untimely passing
of Professor Jack D. Nance in the summer of 2003.
From his appointment in the fall of 1974 until his
death, Jack was an integral member of the department, having developed and delivered our required
undergraduate course in Quantitative Methods as
well as pioneering the Research Design class now
required of our graduate student cohort. Jack was
Chair of the Department between 1989 and 1991
and on numerous occasions served as Chair of the
Graduate Program. Fittingly the establishment of a
Jack D. Nance Memorial Graduate Scholarship now
honors his memory.
Lynda Przybyla our long time receptionist, also
departed in 2003. Her kindness and smile are sorely
missed but we are sure they are being used liberally
as she follows her dream of working and traveling in
Europe. In her stead we now welcome Ian Gregson
to the Department front office. On the faculty side
of comings and goings, I whole heartedly thank
Dr. Michael Roberts for serving as Department Chair
during my absence in the 2002/2003 Academic Year.
Professor Roberts returned to his home department of Geography in the fall of 2003 before retiring this past September. Dr. Lynne Bell, a specialist in
Forensic Science, was appointed Associate Professor
in Archaeology in 2004. Dr. Bell also was offered a
Tier 2 Canada Research Chair (CRC) in Forensic
Studies and this is currently under adjudication in
Ottawa. Dr. Bell’s role in the Department will be as
Research Head for our planned establishment of a
Forensic Research Centre. This Centre brings together the collective expertise of Drs. Bell (Forensic
Archaeometry), Dongya Yang (Forensic DNA) and
Mark Skinner (Forensic Osteology) from Archaeology
with that of Gail Anderson (Forensic Entomology)
from Criminology and Rolf Mathewes (Forensic
4 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Professor Jack D. Nance.
Palynology) of Biological Sciences. Also offered and
successfully awarded a Tier 2 CRC in 2004 is Dr. John
Welch, a specialist in First Nations Cultural Resource
Management. To start in April 2005, Dr. Welch’s
appointment is split between Archaeology and the
School for Resource and Environmental Management.
His presence critically bridges our respective programs and we have high hopes of developing a diploma and graduate degree in Archaeological Resource
Management in the not too distant future.
As will be evident in the pages to follow, the
Department’s teaching and research programs have
been stellar over the past two years and I offer faculty and staff my sincerest congratulations for their
efforts. Our undergraduate enrolments continue to
rise and our undergraduate students have enjoyed
great success in acquiring positions in graduate
schools and employment throughout North America
and abroad. The Archaeology graduate program likewise is healthy with students engaged in thesis studies from Africa to Southeast Asia to the South Pacific
to Ecuador to the Pacific Northwest to Greenland
to the Carribean. Faculty research also has been
widely diversified but shares in common a strong
publication record and a corresponding ability to
secure high levels of funding from SSHRC, NSERC
and various other sources. Not insignificantly our
Museum Director Dr. Barbara Winter also gained
substantial funding through the federal government’s
Virtual Museum Program to support web-based
interpretive programs for Department collections
and research efforts.
Of the news to be reported for 2003/2004, the
most significant and exciting for the department’s
future is a university commitment to significantly
expand our facilities. The expansion will occur within
the Arts and Social Sciences 1 Building, a new construction adjacent to the existing department. When
complete in fall 2006, we will have a series of new
laboratories for material culture analysis and teaching, geoarchaeology, zooarchaeology, paleobotany,
bone chemistry, instructional computing and GIS as
well as a larger seminar room, additional office space,
project specific laboratories and collections storage
rooms. Movement of existing research programs into
this space facilitates concomitant expansion of the
Museum, notably including development of a materials conservation laboratory. And finally, also occurring
as part of the expansion will be construction of the
Forensics Research Centre, a secure facility for both
research and forensic casework. Incorporated in
the Centre are cold case and modern DNA facilities, imaging and SEM laboratories, a stable isotope
facility, a forensic osteology and autopsy room, a
forensic entomology laboratory, office and meeting
room space and other facilities to meet biohazard
safety protocols and evidence storage. If all goes as
planned, by 2006 our Department will have become
one of the most comprehensive and sophisticated
archaeological facilities within North America.
David Burley
Department Chair
Chair’s Report • 5
Department Organization
Faculty and Staff
University Appointments (2004)
Chair & Director First Nations Studies:
Graduate Programme Chair:
Undergraduate Programme Chair:
Burley, Dr. D. V.
D’Andrea, Dr. A.C.
Yellowhorn, Dr. E.C.
Faculty
Limited-Term Lecturer
Bell, Dr. L.S. (Associate Professor)
Burley, Dr. D.V. (Professor)
D’Andrea, Dr. A.C. (Associate Professor)
Driver, Dr. J.C. (Professor, Dean of Graduate Studies)
Fladmark, Dr. K.R. (Professor)
Galdikas, Dr. B.M.F. (Professor)
Hayden, Dr. B.D. (Professor)
Jamieson, Dr. R.W. (Assistant Professor)
Lepofsky, Dr. D. (Associate Professor)
Nelson, Dr. D.E. (Professor)
Nicholas, Dr. G.P. (Associate Professor)
Skinner, Dr. M.F. (Professor)
Yang, Dr. D. (Assistant Professor)
Yellowhorn, E.C. (Assistant Professor)
Muir, Dr. R.J.
Professors Emeriti
Carlson, Dr. R.L.
Hobler, Prof. P.M.
Shutler, Dr. R. Jr.
6 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Adjunct Professors
McMillan, Dr. A.D.
Wilson, Dr. M.C.
Associate Members
Huntley, Dr. D.J. (Physics)
Mathewes, Dr. R.W. (Biology)
Staff
Banerjee, R. (Secretary, Chair/Graduate)
Barton, A. (Laboratory Manager)
Gregson, I. (Office Assistant)
Sullivan, A. (Departmental Assistant)
Takahashi, C. (Isotope Laboratory Manager)
Winter, Dr. B. (Museum Curator)
Wood, S. (Laboratory Technician)
Graduate Students
PhD Candidates
Adams, Ronald
An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Feasting in Tana Toraja, Indonesia.
Apaak, Clement
An Ethnoarchaeological Study of the Traditional Salt Industry in Eastern Tigrai,
Ethiopia.
Brown, Douglas
Middle and Late Period Sociopolitical Changes in the Fraser Valley, Southeastern
British Columbia.
Chatan, Robbin
Late19th Century British Colonialism in the South Pacific.
Commisso, Rob
Using Modern Plant Delta 15N Values to Investigate Norse Settlements in Greenland.
Connaughton, Sean
The Cessation of Pottery Manufacture (circa 400 AD) in the Kingdom of Tonga and
Its Implication for Societal Changes on the Landscape (i.e. rise of dynastic chiefdom).
Delgado, James
Forgotten 49ers: The Buried Gold Rush Fleet of San Francisco.
Hickok, Andrew
The Osteology of Xelisen (Pender Canal, DeRt 1& 2): Biological Distance and
Biological Continuity on the Northwest Coast.
Kalacska, Margaret
Spectral determination of clandestine graves.
Kessy, Emanuel
The Relationship Between the Later Stone Age (LSA) and the Early Iron Age (EIA)
cultures of Kondoa, Central Tanzania.
Markey, Nola
Nlaka’pamux Oral Traditions: Cultural Landscapes and Archaeology.
Michaels, Gina
Colonial Masculinities, A Mercedarian Experience in Riobamba, Ecuador.
Mundorff, Amy
World Trade Center: A Taphonomic Investigation of a Unique Mass Fatality.
Rahemtulla, Farid
Land use and design of lithic technology during the Early Period (10,000–5,000 BP)
at Namu, Central Coast of British Columbia.
Ramsay, Jennifer
Archaeobotany of Classical Urban sites in the Near East.
Rawlings, Tiffany
Origins of Complex Social Organization, Household Archaeology, Architectural
Theory, and Pacific Rim.
Ross, Douglas
A study of urban development and the maintenance of cultural identity in Spanish
colonial South America through the examination of a single parish or neighbourhood
in the colonial city of Riobamba.
Sandgathe, Dennis
The Levallois Reduction Technique in a Design Theory Framework.
Sawatzky, Roland
The Use of Social Space in Early Mennonite Housebarns of Southern Manitoba.
Sharp, Karyn
Return rates, food preservation and it’s implications for storage.
St. Denis, Michael
Examination of a colonial hospital in the old city of Riobamba, Ecuador, with a focus
on the treatment of disease and epidemics in a socio-religious context and to determine what role patient identity may have played (in terms of class, gender, and race).
Taché, Karine
The Early Woodland (3000–2400 BP) Period in Northeastern North America:
Structure and Regional Diversity of the Meadowood Interaction Sphere.
Tarcan, Carmen
An examination of the faunal remains from Zuni Pueblo (New Mexico) in terms of
subsistence strategies, social organization, and butchery techniques and patterns.
Woodward, Robyn
Feudalism or Emergent Agrarian Capitalsim: the Archaeology of an Early 16th
Century Sugar Mill at Sevilla La Nueva, Jamaica
Department Organization • 7
MA Candidates
Dunk, Chelsea
Investigating plant use at Shields Pueblo during Pueblo II Period, and evaluate the adequecy of the sampling strategy used at the Pueblo.
Hall, Jonathan
The distribution of fluted projectile points in Saskatchewan and their relation to
paleoenvironmental phenomena
Heuman, John
A zooarchaeological examination of Stix & Leaves Pueblo, a Pueblo II site in the
Southwest.
Jessee, Erin
Creating a research design for an experimental mass grave within Canada in order to
eventually provide a forum for scientific experimentation and discussion regarding the
application of forensic archaeology to international human rights.
King, Amanda
Stó:lô and Municipal Councillors’ perspectives on Archaeology in the Fraser Valley.
King, Shannon
What’s the Point? A Typological Analysis of Pointed Bone Artifacts from Barkley Sound, BC.
Lee, Edwin
Neolithic Chinese Human Remains.
Locher, Peter
Early Holocene Landscape Transformation and Human Presence in the Pitt River
Drainage System, BC, Canada.
McKechnie, Iain
Five thousand years of fishing at a village in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island, British
Columbia.
Moore, Gordon
Investigation of a pithouse village site on the Fraser River identified in the journal of
Simon Fraser. Combining local oral history with the journal data I hope to better
understand the interaction of First Nations people with Europeans in the early fur
trade economy.
Ouellet, Richard
Internalist archaeology and the Metis of Jasper Park.
Pasacreta, Laura
Bone Dynasties: Overseas Chinese Burial Practices in the Canadian and American
West (1850s to 1910s).
Puskus, Cathy
Characteristics of dental crowding in gorillas, orangutans and chimpanzees.
Reid, Michael
Malaria in Wild Born Ex-Captive Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) in Kalimantan Tengah,
Indonesia.
Speller, Camilla
Investigating Differential Distribution of Salmon Resources at Keatley Creek Through
Ancient DNA Analysis.
Trost, Teresa
Faunal analysis of a late prehistoric site located in Strathcona Park in the Burrard Inlet, BC.
Vallieres, Claudine
Study of the faunal assemblage of the Paleoindian component of Charlie Lake Cave,
looking for human behavior.
Watt, Kathy
Optimization of Decontamination Techniques for Ancient DNA Studies.
Weber, Nicholas
Ethnozooarchaeological research of herding practices in the northern highlands of
Ethiopia.
Weiser, Andrea
Camas (Camassia sp.) tissue identification using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Whidbey
Island, Washington and Vancouver Island, BC.
White, Elroy
Stone Fish Traps: An expression of Heiltsuk traditional knowledge.
Witt, Jessi
Technological analysis of two discrete ceramic assemblages from the Sigatoka Sand
Dunes, Fiji.
8 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Committees and Other Appointments
Department Tenure Committees
2003
Chair:
Members:
Roberts, M.C.
D’Andrea, A.C.
Fladmark, K. R.
Lepofsky, D.
Nicholas, G. P.
Skinner, M. F.
Yellowhorn, E.C.
2004
Chair: Burley, D. V.
Members: D’Andrea, A.C.
Fladmark, K. R.
Nicholas, G. P.
Skinner, M. F.
Yang, D.
First Nations/Archaeology Committee
2003
Chair:
Members:
Burley, D. V.
Culhane, D. (Anthropology)
Ignace, M. A. (Anthropology)
Mellow, J. D. (Linguistics)
Nicholas, G. P.
Raibmon, P. (History)
Yellowhorn, E.C.
2004
Chair:
Members:
Burley, D. V.
Culhane, D. (Anthropology)
Ignace, M. A. (Anthropology)
Mellow, J. D. (Linguistics)
Nicholas, G. P.
Raibmon, P. (History)
Russell, R. (Math & Statistics)
Yellowhorn, E.C.
Appointment Search Committee
2004: Tier I CRC in Forensic Science
Chair: Burley, D. V.
Members: Anderson, G. S. (Criminology)
Skinner, M. F.
Yang, D.
Yellowhorn, E.C.
Department Organization • 9
Graduate Programme Committee
2003
Chair:
Members:
Nelson, D. E./Lepofsky, D.
Jamieson, R. W.
Skinner, M. F.
Yang, D.
Ross, D. (grad rep.)
2004
Chair:
Members:
Lepofsky, D./Yellowhorn, E. C./
D’Andrea, A. C.
Jamieson, R.W.
Yang, D.
Ross, D. (grad rep.)
Undergraduate Programme Committee
2003
Chair:
Members:
Skinner, M. F.
Winter, B.
Yellowhorn, E. C.
Sullivan, A. (DA)
Pandur, C. (undergrad. rep)
2004
Chair:
Members:
Yellowhorn, E. C.
Winter, B.
Sullivan, A. (DA)
Caldwell, M. (undergrad. rep)
Archaeology Graduate Caucus
2003
President:
Secretary:
Treasurer:
Dept. Rep:
Sharp, K.
Pasacreta, L.
Weber, N.
Ross, D.
2004
President:
Secretary:
Treasurer:
Dept. Rep:
Reid, M.
Speller, C.
Weber, N.
Michaels, G.
Undergraduate Archaeology Student Society
2003
Pandur, C. (President)
2004
Caldwell, M. (President)
2004
Jamieson, R. W.
2004
Burley, D. V.
Library Committee Representative
2003
Jamieson, R. W.
Research Liaison – Faculty of Arts
2003
Burley, D.V.
10 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Graduate Programme
Graduate Programme Committee Report
I
n 2003/2004 our Graduate Programme
continued to attract highly qualified students with a total of 18 new MA and 5 PhD
students admitted. By the end of 2004, enrollment in our graduate programme was 42. Our
students also have been successful in obtaining
internal as well as external scholarships and
awards. The Graduate Programme Committee
initiated a review of procedures relating to
graduate student evaluations and comprehensive
exams.
Cathy D’Andrea
Graduate Programme Committee Chair (2005)
Graduate Degrees Awarded
2004 Doctor of Philosophy
Smith, Cameron McPherson
The Social Organization of Production in Three Protohistoric LowerColumbia River Plank Houses
2004 Master of Arts
Huculak, Shauna Ann Grace
Middle Period Hunting and Gatherers of the Thompson River Drainage,
British Columbia: A Critical Review
Johansen, Shirley Ann
Prehistoric Secret Societies: An Ethnoarchaeological Model of Origin and
Identification
Storey, Alice Ann
Save Me A Drumstick: Molecular Taphonomy, Differential Preservation and
Ancient DNA from the Kingdom of Tonga
Vallieres, Claudine
The Paleoindian Bison Assemblage from Charlie Lake Cave
2003 Doctor of Philosophy
Brand, Michael James
Transience in Dawson City, Yukon, During the Klondike Gold Rush
Graduate Section
Programme
Title • 11
2003 Master of Arts
Castillo, Victoria Elena
Ceramicists at the Convención del 45 Neighbourhood: Contemporary
Ecuadorian Artisans and Their Material Culture
Jessee, Erin Denise
Exhuming Conflict: Some Recommendations for the Creation of a Series of
Experimental Mass Grave and Mass Grave-Related Test Sites
Karpiak, Monica Flavia
Modelling Nuu-Chah-Nulth Land Use: The Cultural Landscape of Clayoquot
Sound
Lindsay, Corene Texada
Investigations into the Ethnographic and Prehistoric Importance of Freshwater
Shellfish on the Interior Plateau of British Columbia
Nimmo, Evelyn
The Concepción Convent of Cuenca, Ecuador: Examining Gender, Class and
Economy in a Latin American Convent
Tsukamoto, Suyoko Anne
The Prevalence and Timing of Enamel Hypoplasia in the Bonobo, Pan paniscus
Graduate Departmental and External Awards
2004 Awards
Adams, Ron
Apaak, Clement
Dunk, Chelsea
Hickok, Andrew
Kalacska, Margaret
King, Shannon
Puskus, Cathy
Ramsay, Jennifer
Reid, Michael
Ross, Doug
Sharp, Karyn
Speller, Camilla
St. Denis, Michael
Tache, Karine
Tarcan, Carmen
Trost, Teresa
Vallieres, Claudine
Watt, Kathryn
Weber, Nick
Weiser, Andrea
White, Elroy
Witt, Jessi
J.V. Christensen Endowment Fund
Graduate Fellowship, Eileen Purkiss Memorial Award, B. Steward Volunteer Leadership Award
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
C.D. Nelson Award
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship, SSHRC Travel Award, Dorot Travel Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship, Archaeology Travel Fund
SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship
Archaeology Travel Fund
Graduate Fellowship
Open Graduate Bursary (x2)
SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship, SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship (x2)
Canadian Graduate Scholarship SSHRC
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Archaeology Travel Fund, Heilatsuk Bd Edu Bursary
Graduate Fellowship
12 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
2003 Awards
Adams, Ron
Apaak, Clement
Dunk, Chelsea
Heuman, John
Jessee, Erin
Kessy, Emanuel
Locher, Peter
McKechnie, Iain
Moore, Gordon
Pasacreta, Laura
Ramsay, Jennifer
Reid, Michael
Sharp, Karyn
St. Denis, Michael
Storey, Alice
Tache, Karine
Tarcan, Carmen
Trost, Teresa
Vallieres, Claudine
Weber, Nick
Weiser, Andrea
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Wenner Gren Foundation Award
Graduate Fellowship, Archaeology Travel Fund
Graduate Fellowship, Archaeology Travel Fund, SFUSS Travel Fund
Archaeology Travel Fund, SAA/Arthur C. Parker Memorial Scholarship
Graduate Fellowship
Dorot Travel Fellowship
Archaeology Travel Fund
Graduate Fellowship, Northern Scientific Training Program
Open Graduate Bursary
Graduate Fellowship
SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship
SSHRC Doctoral Fellowship, Joe Ben Wheat Scholarship
Graduate Fellowship, Research Stipend, Archaeology Travel fund
Graduate Fellowship, Canadian Graduate Scholarship SSHRC
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Fellowship
Graduate Section
Programme
Title • 13
Undergraduate Programme
Undergraduate Programme Committee Report
I
n 2002/2003 and 2003/2004, the Undergraduate
Programme Committee continued curriculum
planning and developed a new Joint Major in
Archaeology and First Nations Studies. Annualised
FTE enrollments increased from 196.3 in 2001/2002
to 206.6 in 2003/2004. In 2002/2003 our undergraduates included 143 approved honours, majors,
and joint majors; 24 minors and extended minors;
and 43 graduands. In 2003/2004 our undergraduates
included 145 approved honours, majors, and joint
majors; 32 minors and extended minors; and 56
graduands. New special topics courses offered during this period included: Molecular Bio-Archaeology,
The Archaeology of China, Paleopathology, The Art
of Ancient Civilizations, and Great Ape Societies
Ann Sullivan
Departmental Assistant
Honours Theses Completed
2004–Summer
Thomas, Michele
Hominine Hybrid Zones: Some Predictions and Model Testing
2003–Fall
Herkes, Jennifer
Reflections of Control: The Spatial Analysis of an Extinct Company Town, Bralorne,
British Columbia
Wittke, Karen
Salvation or Damnation? A Retrospective of Christianity in Rotuma
Woiderski, Joshua
Resource Exploitation and Leporid Use at a Pueblo II Period Site in Southwestern
Colorado
2003–Summer
Logan, Amanda
An Archaeobotanical Analysis of the Role of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in the
Kintampo Complex
Villeneuve, Suzanne
A New Perspective on Old Art: The Social Context of Upper Paleolithic Cave Art
Watt, Kathryn
Species Identification of Whale Bones from Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island, British
Columbia
14 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
2003–Spring
MacDonald, Cindy
The Impact of Artificial Cranial Deformation on Functions of the Brain
2002–Fall
Blanchard, Sean
Toward a Developmental Systems Understanding of Evolution and Agency from
an Archaeological Perspective: A Critique of the Neo-Cartesian/Neo-Darwinian
Paradigm
Undergraduate Awards and Prizes
Ingrid Nystrom Archaeology Award
2002/2003
2003/2004
Emily Williamson
Cinnamon Pandur
Brian Williamson Memorial Award in Archaeology
2002/2003
2003/2004
Jessi Witt
Not Awarded
Chair’s Essay Prize
2002/2003
Daniel Mix
Research and Experimentation with Pictographs of the Columbia
Plateau
2003/2004
Jessica Tilley
The Domestication of the Lentil
Richard P. Brolly Prize
2002/2003
Cinnamon Pandur
‘Splitters’ versus ‘Lumpers’: The verdict is out on Homo habilis
2003/2004
Ellie Knight
The Paleoenvironment of the Fraser Lowland since 15000 BP:
Implications for the Timing of Human Occupation in the Region
Undergraduate Section
Programme
Title • 15
Undergraduate Courses Offered
2004–Fall
100-3
100-3
131-3
201-3
223-3
226-3
226-3
272-3
272-3
301-3
311-5
332-3
333-3
344-3
372-5
373-5
442-5
471-5
480-5
485-5
Ancient Peoples and Places (Day course)
Ancient Peoples and Places (Evening course)
Human Origins
Introduction to Archaeology
The Prehistory of Canada
The Prehistory of Religion (Correspondence)
The Prehistory of Religion (Day course)
Archaeology of the Old World
Archaeology of the Old World (SFU Kamloops)
Prehistoric and Indigenous Art
Archaeological Dating
Special Topics: The Vikings
Special Topics: Great Ape Societies
Primate Behaviour
Material Culture Analysis
Human Osteology
Forensic Anthropology
Archaeological Theory
Directed Lab/Lib/Field Research (SFU Kamloops)
Lithic Technology (SFU Kamloops)
Catherine D’Andrea
Brian Hayden
Birute Galdikas
Robert Muir
Knut Fladmark
Brian Hayden
Brian Hayden
Catherine D’Andrea
Clement Apaak
Barbara Winter
Erle Nelson
Erle Nelson
Birute Galdikas
Birute Galdikas
Robert Muir
Tiffany Rawlings
Diane Cockle
Robert Muir
George Nicholas
George Nicholas
2004–Summer
100-3
131-3
332-3
335-5
372-5
433-6
434-3
434-3
435-6
435-6
435-6
Ancient Peoples and Places
Human Origins
Special Topics: Tongan Culture, History and Archaeology (Tonga Field School)
Special Topics: Introduction to Museum Studies (SFU Kamloops)
Material Culture Analysis (SFU Kamloops)
Background to Fieldwork (Fraser Valley Field School)
Robert Muir
Exercises in Mapping and Recording (Fraser Valley Field School)
Robert Muir
Exercises in Mapping and Recording (Tonga Field School)
Field Work Practicum (Fraser Valley Field School)
Field Work Practicum (Tonga Field School)
Field Work Practicum (Kamloops Field School)
Ron Adams
Karen Sharp
David Burley
Barbara Winter
George Nicholas
& Dana Lepofsky
& Dana Lepofsky
Robert Muir
Dana Lepofsky
David Burley
George Nicholas
2004–Spring
100-3
100-3
Ancient Peoples and Places (Day course)
Ancient Peoples and Places (Correspondence)
16 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Laurie Beckwith
Brian Hayden
131-3
200-3
201-3
201-3
226-3
226-3
273-3
336-3
340-5
349-5
372-5
373-5
373-5
376-5
378-3
385-5
386-3
390-5
438-5
471-5
Human Origins
Special Topics: Archaeology of Ancient Egypt and Africa
Introduction to Archaeology
Introduction to Archaeology (SFU Kamloops)
The Prehistory of Religion (Correspondence)
The Prehistory of Religion (Evening)
Archaeology of the New World
Special Topics: Northwest Coast Indian Art
Zooarchaeology
Management of Archaeological Collections
Material Culture Analysis
Human Osteology
Human Osteology (SFU Kamloops)
Quantitative Methods in Archaeology
Pacific Northwest North America
Paleoanthropology
Archaeological Resource Management
Archaeobotany
Geoarchaeology
Archaeological Theory
Jennifer Ramsay
Catherine D’Andrea
Dennis Sandgathe
George Nicholas
Brian Hayden
Brian Hayden
Ross Jamieson
Alan McMillan
Robert Muir
Barbara Winter
Brian Hayden
Dongya Yang
Catherine Carlson
Robert Muir
Dana Lepofsky
Mark Skinner
David Burley
Catherine D’Andrea
Knut Fladmark
Robert Muir
2003–Fall
100-3
100-3
105-3
131-3
200-3
201-3
223-3
272-3
273-3
311-5
330-3
331-3
332-3
333-3
334-3
Ancient Peoples and Places (Day course)
Ancient Peoples and Places (Evening course)
The Evolution of Technology
Human Origins
Special Topics: The Vikings
Introduction to Archaeology
The Prehistory of Canada
Archaeology of the Old World
Archaeology of the New World (SFU Kamloops)
Archaeological Dating
The Prehistory of Latin America
Special Topics: Art of Ancient Civilisations
Special Topics: Paleopathology
Special Topics: The Archaeology of China
Special Topics: First Nations Issues in Archaeology
Ross Jamieson
Catherine D’Andrea
Brian Hayden
Birute Galdikas
Erle Nelson
Dana Lepofsky
Knut Fladmark
Catherine D’Andrea
Catherine Carlson
Erle Nelson
Laurie Beckwith
Barbara Winter
Mark Skinner
Dongya Yang
Eldon Yellowhorn
Undergraduate Section
Programme
Title • 17
344-3
360-5
365-3
372-5
373-5
442-5
471-5
Primate Behaviour
Native Cultures of North America (SFU Kamloops)
Ecological Archaeology
Material Culture Analysis
Human Osteology
Forensic Anthropology
Archaeological Theory
Birute Galdikas
Catherine Carlson
Dana Lepofsky
Brian Hayden
Dongya Yang
Mark Skinner
Robert Muir
2003–Summer
100-3
131-3
333-3
335-5
433-6
434-3
435-6
Ancient Peoples and Places
Human Origins
Mycenaean Archaeology (taught in Greece)
Archaeological Conservation (SFU Kamloops)
Background to Field Work (Southwest BC Field School)
Exercises in Mapping and Recording (Southwest BC Field School)
Field Work Practicum (Southwest BC Field School)
Laurie Beckwith
Jennifer Ramsay
Sophia Zaharatou
Barbara Winter
Robert Muir
Robert Muir
Robert Muir
2003–Spring
100-3
100-3
131-3
200-3
201-3
273-3
301-3
321-3
332-3
335-5
360-5
372-5
373-5
377-5
385-5
386-3
471-5
Ancient Peoples and Places (Day course)
Ancient Peoples and Places (Evening course)
Human Origins
Special Topics: Archaeology of Ancient Egypt and Africa
Introduction to Archaeology
Archaeology of the New World
Prehistoric and Indigenous Art
Archaeology of Britain (Harbour Centre)
Special Topics: The Vikings
Special Topics: Molecular Bio-Archaeology
Native Cultures of North America
Material Culture Analysis
Human Osteology
Historical Archaeology
Paleoanthropology
Archaeological Resource Management (SFU Kamloops)
Archaeological Theory
18 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Ross Jamieson
Catherine D’Andrea
Lisa Anderson
Catherine D’Andrea
Lisa Anderson
Eldon Yellowhorn
Barbara Winter
Jon Driver
Erle Nelson
Dongya Yang
Knut Fladmark
Dennis Sandgathe
Dongya Yang
Ross Jamieson
Tiffany Rawlings
Nola Markey
Robert Muir
First Nations
Studies Programme
Each year Simon Fraser University holds a special
convocation for First Nations graduands.
A
rchaeology is the administrative host department for First Nations Studies (FNST) on the
Burnaby campus. FNST courses are also
delivered on the Kamloops campus. FNST is an
interdisciplinary subject dedicated to examining
the experience of Aboriginal People in Canada
and introduces students to the ongoing dialogue
between the Aboriginal minority and Canadian society. Currently, students may apply courses toward
a minor in First Nations Studies that complements
their major area of study. The programme is evolving
and will soon include a joint major in Archaeology
and First Nations Studies. Drs Annie Ross and Eldon
Yellowhorn are the faculty who teach FNST courses
in Burnaby. Sessional instructors are contracted each
semester to teach additional courses.
Students may obtain credits from the core
programme. These include: FNST 101–3 The
Cultures, Languages and Origins of Canada’s First
Peoples; FNST 201–3 Canadian Aboriginal Peoples’
Perspectives on History; FNST 301–3 Issues in
Applied First Nations Studies Research; FNST 401–3
Aboriginal Rights and Government Relations; FNST
402–3 The Discourse of Native Peoples; FNST
403–3 Indigenous Knowledge in the Modern World.
FNST 322–3 is a special topics course that will be
offered for the first time in 2005 under the title
of Indigenous Expressive Arts. Special topics and
directed reading courses are also available. Cognate
disciplines such as sociology/anthropology, linguistics,
history, criminology and archaeology offer courses
with significant Aboriginal issues content that can be
cross-listed for credit in First Nations Studies.
With upcoming construction of the Arts and Social
Sciences I Building, First Nations Studies will finally
be given a dedicated facility including a main office,
faculty offices and a seminar room. We are looking
forward to the opening of this building in 2006.
Eldon Yellowhorn
Professor Yellowhorn addresses First Nations graduands during
convocation ceremony.
First Nations Studies Programme • 19
Field Schools
2004 Fraser Valley Archaeology Field School
A
s is typical of SFU archaeological field schools,
2004 field school was divided into two major
sections: an intensive in-class component in
May, followed by a two-month field season in June
and July in the Fraser Valley. The classroom component this year was co-taught by Dana Lepofsky and
Bob Muir. During this portion of the class, the students learned a variety of mapping and basic surveying skills, as well as background material on the culture history of the Fraser Valley and the Coast Salish.
The field component of the field school was
embedded in a larger research project, headed by
Dana Lepofsky (see above). The field research was
divided into there major components, all of which
the students participated: the detailed mapping of
five large village sites, the excavation of the protohistoric pithouse village of Welqamex, and the excavation of the McCallum site. Our field camp was based
at the McCallum site, and at any given time, most of
the students were working at that site. The excavations at the McCallum site were headed by Dana
Lepofsky, with the superb assistance of Peter Locher,
who was our teaching assistant, and Michael Lenert,
a PhD student from UCLA.
Rotating through these three aspects of the larger
project, the students learned a huge range of skills.
All students became competent in using the total
station to map the on-going excavations as well as
Field school students setting up field camp near Aggasiz, B.C.
20 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Excavating the McCallum site. From Left to Right are Andrea Onodi,
Jennifer Jones, Denise Douglas (Cheam Band), Megan Cameron, and
Carol Sawyer.
the detailed contour maps of the five village sites.
Students did a considerable amount of excavating
(with everything from trowels to supervising backhoe excavations), took notes in a variety of contexts,
and conducted a range of laboratory tasks from
sorting to final cataloguing and photographing.
In addition to our excavation of the McCallum
site, we ran an extensive public outreach programme. Thanks to Yvette John of Chawathl First
Nation, and Amanda King, now a graduate student
at SFU, over 700 people came through the site for
tours. Visitors came from the neighbourhood and
from much further afield and were from both First
Nations and non-native communities. The students
often helped Amanda and Yvette with the tours. In
this way, and through the many informal gatherings
with First Nations community members, the students
came to understand the importance of doing “community archaeology”.
Our field camp was a wonderful set up (see
photo). We built a beautiful out-door kitchen, and
had gravity feed, solar-heated showers. The kitchen
was used for laboratory work as well, and of course,
for the occasional party.
Dana Lepofsky
2004 SFU-SCES Kamloops Archaeology Field School
T
he 11th Simon Fraser University-Secwepemc
Cultural Education Society Archaeology Field
School took place in Kamloops in May and
June. Eighteen students participated, representing the Kamloops and Burnaby campuses, as well
as Okanagan University College, Langara College,
and several community members from the North
Thompson Indian Band. In addition to the 14-credit
hours of regular courses, students had the option
of obtaining the provincial RISC certification in
Archaeology.
Students received instruction and field experience
in archaeological survey and testing, and laboratory
analysis. Field work was augmented by several field
trips and by a weekly seminar in Plateau Prehistory,
Environmental History, and Ethnography.
The primary aspect of the field school was a
second season of intensive excavation at EeRb 77, a
very deep, multi-component site on the Kamloops
Indian Reserve along the South Thompson River.
We have previously demonstrated that the occupation of this site ranges from the historic period to
at least 6,500 radiocarbon years before present, and
possibly much older. Our focus here continues to
be the pre-4,000 B.P. levels of the site.
Teams of students excavated seven 2-m2 units
to a maximum depth of 3.5 meters. The results of
excavation provided much additional information
on the occupation of this site, although it became
clear that the units completed this year appear
to represent a more peripheral part of the site
than excavated in 2002. Fewer artifacts and faunal
remains were recovered, and there was no trace
of the extensive freshwater shell midden that was
encountered in 2002. Nonetheless, the information
recovered in 2004 is valuable for reconstructing the
long cultural and environmental history of this location, and also provides a very important point of
comparison for comparably aged Middle Period sites
that we have excavated on the nearby river terraces
in previous years.
Since its inception, the Kamloops Archaeology
Field School has addressed the cultural resource
management needs of the Kamloops Indian Band
and other First Nations, worked to extend knowledge of past land-use practices in the region, and
provided classroom and field training for First
Nations and non-Aboriginal students. Graduates of
this program are currently working for various First
Nations organizations and consulting archaeologists.
George Nicholas
Field
Section
Schools
Title • 21
2004 South Pacific Field School in Tonga
T
he Department of Archaeology through SFU
International Programs held the fifth South
Pacific field school in Archaeology on the
SFU campus and in the Kingdom of Tonga from
May through July 2004. Seventeen students registered in three courses including Arch 434-3 (Field
Methods), Arch 332-3 (Tonga Culture, History
and Archaeology) and Arch 435-6 (Fieldwork
Practicum). Arch 434-3 was taught on the Burnaby
campus by Bob Muir with the assistance of Rob
Commisso (PhD student). The remaining two classes
were delivered in Tonga by David Burley with Jessi
Witt (MA student) serving as teaching assistant. As
part of the Tongan Culture, History and Archaeology
class students were given several guest lectures by
Tongan experts on topics ranging diversely from
agriculture to funerals to transgender to the Tongan
Constitution. A highlight of the program was a
field trip to Lapaha, the 13th through 19th century
capital of Tonga combined with a lunch put on by
Princess Siuilikutapu and the High Chief, Kalaniuvalu.
The fieldwork practicum class was conducted as
part of David Burley’s SSHRC funded study of first
Tongan settlement. Integrated with a field crew of
Tongan assistants, students participated in a five
week excavation of the Vuna Site on Pangaimotu
Island, Vava’u. During their stay in Tonga, students
also were instrumental in raising funds to repaint the
local hospital in Neiafu, Vava’u.
David Burley
22 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
2003 Little Shuswap Lake Archaeology Field School
Left: Field school participants
with Little Shuswap Chief,
Felix Arnouse at the Quaaout
camp grounds. Back row (l–r):
Gord Moore, Rob Hallam,
Sandy Zoffmann, Elroy White,
Felix Arnouse, Armand Gaudry,
Rosie Nathoo, Edwin Lee,
Nicole Shanks, Cinnamon Pandur,
Brianne McLeod, Greg Morissey.
Front row (l-r): Lydia Fisher,
Morgan Crum, Chris Dodd,
Brandee Foster, Olivia Donaher,
Riz Abbas, Bob Muir, Nicole Engel.
D
uring the summer of 2003 the department
offered an archaeological field school at Little
Shuswap Lake, near Chase, British Columbia.
Under the direction of Dr. Bob Muir, seventeen students received training and practical experience in
archaeological survey and excavation methods. The
field school included five weeks of on-campus course
work, labs, and exercises; a one week tour of archaeological sites in southern British Columbia; and seven
weeks of excavation and survey, undertaken on Little
Shuswap I.R.#1 (Quaaout). The Little Shuswap Band
generously provided support for the project, including
accommodations, storage, lab, and cooking facilities.
Graduate student Gord Moore directed the
survey component of the field school, during which
students developed practical skills in navigation, mapping, and site recording. Three previously unrecorded sites were discovered as a result of the survey.
The main focus of the field school was excavations of site EfQv 12, a prehistoric pithouse village
located on the Quaaout Reserve. As this was the
A flaked stone knife: one of many artifacts discovered during
excavations of site EfQv 12.
first detailed investigation ever conducted at EfQv
12, our research objectives primarily included mapping the site and determination of its age. Our
preliminary assessment indicates that the site
consists of a village of at least 12 houses and was
established and occupied during the Plateau Horizon
(1200–2400 BP). Analyses of materials collected during excavation are ongoing and will be the focus of
Cinnamon Pandur’s forthcoming Honours Thesis.
One of the highlights of the 2003 field school
was a trip to the Bella Coola Valley where Professor
Emeritus Phil Hobler was our host, providing a tour
of archaeological sites and sharing his knowledge of
the region with students.
Bob Muir
Above: Phil Hobler and field school participants in Bella Coola.
Back row: Rob Hallam, Riz Abbas, Sandy Zoffmann, Lydia Fisher,
Front Row: Bob Muir, Greg Morissey, Brianne McLeod, Gord Moore
and Phil Hobler.
Field
Section
Schools
Title • 23
Faculty Research
Lynne Bell
I
have recently joined SFU and the central theme
of my research is concerned with ‘Life Histories’
centred on the determination of peoples origins,
geographic tracking and utilization of landscapes and
more recently on forensic dating. Over the past 5
years much of this work has been developmental
in collaboration with Drs. Lee-Thorp and Sealy at
the University of Cape Town (UCT) and now forms
the basis of several publications either published, in
press/submitted or currently being written-up. The
work itself has drawn on stable light isotope meth-
odologies, microstructural skeletal biology and taphonomy. My aims have been, and remain, to discern
life-time choices made by humans via sampling the
temporal record stored in the accretionary tissues of
the skeleton. To this end it has been possible to map
transitional states within individuals at the level of
climate, geographic tracking, origin and dietary strategies. Due to the developmental nature of this work,
my research has become increasingly focused on
contemporary populations and ecological systems.
Future research will involve a continuance of modeling modern day proxies for comparative analyses of
forensic/modern populations, particularly regarding
mapping movement.
Dating is a more recent research interest and
one that is of central importance to forensics. C-14
has traditionally been considered of little value to
forensics given the large errors associated with
calibrating results. A pilot project in collaboration
with Dr. Andy Tyrell (Joint POW/MIA Accounting
Command Central Identification Laboratory [J-PAC],
formerly CILHI ) is underway and will be continued
at SFU, and will attempt to bring C-14 usefully into
the realm of forensics where date of death might be
much more accurately identified.
Left: Vietnam War
Memorial. Dating project in collaboration
with J-PAC to refine
C-14 dating for application to forensics, and
assist with the identification of US Army war
dead.
24 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
David Burley
S
upported by a three year SSHRC grant, field
studies were undertaken in the Kingdom of
Tonga from May through July in both 2003 and
2004. This research involved intensive island surveys
for Lapita (2950-2650 BP) settlement sites throughout Vava’u, the northern islands of Tonga. Five Lapita
sites were documented as well as numerous other
later period sites. The 2004 field season focused on
the excavation of the Vuna site on Pangaimotu Island
Vava’u. Conducted in conjunction with the 2004
SFU South Pacific field school, excavations recovered
materials and features associated with Lapita and
later Polynesian Plainware (2650-1500 BP) phase
occupations. Andrew Barton (SFU), Jessi Witt (SFU)
and Sean Connaughton (SFU) were instrumental for
their assistance and supervision of field programs
and students. In October 2004 a final field project
was undertaken at the early historic (1509-1534
AD) Spanish settlement of Seville La Nueva on the
north coast of Jamaica. This project was conducted
as one segment of Robyn Woodward’s (SFU) continuing studies here.
During the past two years numerous students
have been involved in cataloguing and analyzing collections from previous field studies at the Sigatoka
Sand Dunes in Fiji, from the survey and excavation
Excavations of residential structure at Sevilla La Nueva. Founded
in 1509, the site is the first Spanish settlement in Jamaica.
project in Tonga, and from the most recent excavations in Jamaica. The resulting data are being integrated into project reports and publications now in
preparation. Between 2003 and 2004 several papers
were delivered on Tonga and Fiji fieldwork programs. Notable among these were the 2003 Plenary
Address to the Tonga History Society on “Tonga’s
role in Polynesian Origins” (Nuku’alofa) as well as
an invited presentation at the 2003 Berkeley/France
Foundation seminar on Population Demography in
the Pacific (Tahiti).
Southeastern Vava’u Islands, Kingdom of
Tonga. Surveys in 2003 have located Lapita
settlement sites on the upper two islands.
Faculty
Section
Research
Title • 25
Catherine D’Andrea
I
n 2003, the first season of an archaeological
and ethnoarchaeological project was completed
in the Gulo-Makeda region of northern highland Ethiopia, funded by SSHRC and the National
Geographic Society. Team members include archaeologists, geologists, and ethnoarchaeologists from
Mekelle University, Ethiopia, the University of Calgary,
Toronto, and Simon Fraser University. The main goal
of this research is to investigate the role of rural
peoples in pre-Aksumite and Aksumite Kingdoms
(700 BC–AD 700). A preliminary reconnaissance
of the 100 sq km survey area resulted in the identification of several localities that have not been
examined since they were first recorded in the early
1970s. A number of known rock art panels were
re-located (Figure 1) and assessed, and new images
were recovered. Proton magnetometer surveys
revealed substantial buried architectural features at
several localities. Ethnoarchaeological investigations
focussed on domestic architecture, ceramics, and
livestock husbandry. Ongoing research on ancient
and modern traditional African farming societies
continued with laboratory analysis of Kintampo
archaeobotanical remains from central Ghana, and
ethnobotanical samples of finger millet processing from Ethiopia. A new project under development and funded by the Wenner-Gren Foundation
will focus on archaeobotanical and ethnobotanical
studies of sorghum processing and bread-baking in
northern Sudan.
Figure 1: Amba Fekada Panel, Detail of Plough Scene.
Jonathan Driver
F
or the past two years most of my attention
has been devoted to my responsibilities as
Dean of Graduate Studies. However, I have
been able to do a little undergraduate teaching, and
continue to supervise graduate students and to
work on my research projects.
In 2003 I completed the extension year of my
SSHRC research grant, and in 2004 I was fortunate
to receive a new grant for $99,000 for 2004-2007.
This will fund a continuation of my research on
faunas of the American Southwest, concentrating
on Chacoan Great Houses. This work will con-
26 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
tinue to be in collaboration with Crow Canyon
Archaeological Center and the University of
Colorado (Boulder).
Claudine Vallieres completed her MA on Charlie
Lake Cave bison under my supervision.
I continue to be involved in the executive committee of the International Council for
Archaeozoology, and we are looking forward to an
interesting conference in Mexico City in 2006. At the
end of 2004 I complete a three year term as executive committee member and secretary-treasurer of
the Canadian Association for Graduate Studies.
Knut Fladmark
I
n 2003–2004, as with every year since being
injured in an automobile accident in 1985, I
was unable to direct any new field research.
Besides a constant up-grading of course material, most of that time was spent preparing an 86
page manuscript summarizing the prehistory of
Subarctic British Columbia. It will be submitted later
this year to the Canadian Museum of Civilization,
Gatineau, Québec, where it will form part of a
volume edited by Richard Morlan, commemorating Dr. James V. Wright, who passed away in 2004.
This year I also presented conference papers
discussing possible migration routes used by early
people moving southwards in North America from
the Bering Straits region at both the Canadian
Archaeological Association Meeting in Hamilton
and the Geological Association of Canada Meeting
in Vancouver.
Biruté Galdikas
D
r. Galdikas’ research
specialties include
studies of primate
behavior, ecology, and
evolution, with particular
focus on orangutans. Other
research interests involve
tropical rain forest ecology
and phenology.
Since 1971 research
has been ongoing at the
Orangutan research and
conservation center in
Tanjung Puting National Park,
Indonesia. These studies have
been specifically concerned with
wild orangutan behavior, the
development of orangutan conservation programs, and the reintroduction of captured individuals into the wild. Specific areas
that have been investigated
include orangutan subsistence,
sociality, reproduction, cognitive
potentials, communications and
tool use. Other primate studies
have been carried out on proboscus monkeys and macaques.
Brian Hayden
R
esearch over the last two years has focused on
ethnoarchaeological studies of feasting in
Southeast Asia particularly in the Indonesian
island of Sumba. I have also been pursuing research
into the spatial characteristics associated with
cave paintings in Upper Paleolithic French caves.
Excavation work has continued as well at Keatley
Creek, and now all 3 volumes of the final report
on Keatley Creek have been published. Volume 3
appeared in 2004 in a new and innovative CD-ROM
format that is a feature production of Archaeology
Press. My book on prehistoric religion, Shamans,
Sorcerers, and Saints was published in 2004, and constitutes a landmark synthesis in the discipline.
Faculty
Section
Research
Title • 27
Ross Jamieson
T
he summer of 2004 was the first field season
for the Colonial Riobamba Archaeological
Project, funded through a SSRHC Standard
Grant. This three-year project is looking at the
archaeology of the town of Cajabamba/Sicalpa,
Ecuador, which sits on top of the colonial city of
Riobamba. The city was founded by the Spanish in
AD 1534 at the site of an Inka tambo, or roadside
way station. Destroyed by an earthquake in 1797,
the ruins of the city were abandoned as Riobamba
was moved to a new location 17 km away. Now
a small rural centre, our excavations in Cajabamba/
Sicalpa in summer 2004 took place in various yards
and fields in the town centre and surrounding areas.
Research centres on the recovery of domestic midden deposits, in order to analyse ceramics and food
remains. There is also an archival component to
the research, which in the first season consisted of
initial forays into the Archivo Histórico de la Casa de
la Cultura, Chimborazo, which holds an extensive collection of pre-1797 documents from the city. The
intention is to explore issues of identity among various groups in the colonial city through the material
culture of their houses.
Michael St. Denis and kids in Sicalpa, Ecuador.
28 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Elma Pumahualla and Meridith Sayre at the site of the
former Mercedarian monastery in Sicalpa, Ecuador.
Three PhD students from the Department of
Archaeology are currently conducting dissertation
research as part of this project. Gina Michaels is
exploring the colonial Mercedarian monastery to
the north of the city centre. Doug Ross is looking
at neighbourhood identities, comparing a sample
of houses from various colonial neighbourhoods.
Finally Michael St. Denis is excavating the colonial
period hospital, located east of the city centre.
Three undergraduates (Meridith Sayre, Robyn
Ewing and Adriana Bucz) participated in the field
season, and we could not have done it without
the assistance of three Ecuadorian workers (JoséLuis Espinosa, Efraín Cargua, and Pascual Yangol). A
great season was had by all, and we look forward to
returning in summer 2005.
In other research, I completed a study of colonial majolica sourcing with Ron Hancock of the
Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied
Chemistry at the University of Toronto. This work
is a first effort to source the manufacturing places
of majolicas found in southern highland Ecuador,
and manufactured both in Ecuador and in Panama.
Analysis of materials from previous excavations in
Cuenca, Ecuador, is ongoing, and includes the ongoing analysis of faunal materials from Cuenca by
Carmen Tarcan.
Dana Lepofsky
M
y research during 2003 and 2004 was
divided between finishing up previous
projects and initiating new ones. My
students and I continue to analyze material from
the Scowlitz and Strathcona Park sites. Happily, the
analysis of both are very near completion and we
expect several publications to result from these
works. In addition, I continue to conduct paleoethnobotanical and paleoecological research on various
research projects throughout the Northwest.
My attention is mostly focused on a new project
which explores shifting interactions and changing
social identities among the Stó:lō, a Coast Salish
group residing in the Fraser Valley in southwestern
British Columbia. In 2003, I received SSHRC funding
for this large, inter-disciplinary study which brings
together researchers from several institutions (UBC,
SFU, USaskatchewan, UCLA, and Sto:lō Nation)
and several disciplines (history, linguistics, archaeology, and geomorphology) to investigate how social,
political, ritual, and economic interactions among
the Stó:lōvary in time and space. We combine
archaeological evidence with that from historical
documents, oral accounts, ethnographic sources, and
archival and current information on place names, to
explore Stó:lō interactions and identity formation.
Archaeologically, this entails a two-tiered approach
that includes survey, mapping, and limited testing
Detailed map of the Katz site, a 2,400 year old pithouse village
in the Upper Fraser Valley. By clearing the vegetation and creating surface maps such as this one, we are able to discern details
about village layout without having to excavate. We use these
details to track shifting interaction within and among Sto:lō
ancient villages.
of approximately 20 village sites as well as more
detailed investigations of three village sites that are
linked to historic occupations.
In the summer of 2004, we completed our first
major field season for this project. We mapped in
detail five large village sites which are connected
with Sto:lō oral traditions. We found that by extensively clearing vegetation, we were able to see
extraordinary details about the villages, without having to excavate (e.g., house size, orientation, exact
shape, location of pits and other unusual features).
Consistency in details among villages is providing
important information about expressions of identity
and interaction.
We also excavated two large archaeological
sites—the site of Welqamex, a protohistoric village
site on Greenwood Island, near the town of Hope
for which detailed accounts of who lived at the site
are available; and the McCallum site, located on a
raised glacial terrace north of the town of Aggasiz,
where we found an extensive 6,000 year old settlement, including the remains of a small square house,
possibly for processing berries (salmonberries,
largely) and meat (deer, salmon, and other fish), and
several hundred chopper tools.
Our team is currently completing the analyses
from this summer and are writing up results for
publication.
6,000 year old structure at the McCallum site. Red flags outline
the perimeter of this small structure. Note that the structure is
square, as are more recent Sto:lo structures.
Faculty
Section
Research
Title • 29
Robert J. Muir (Lecturer )
S
ince September 2002 I have been a full time
limited-term lecturer in the Department
of Archaeology at Simon Fraser University.
During this period I have prepared and taught
nine different upper and lower division archaeology courses, including: Arch 471-5 Archaeological
Theory; Arch 433-6: Background to Fieldwork; Arch
434-3: Exercises in Mapping and Recording; Arch
435-6: Fieldwork Practicum; Arch 376-5 Quantitative
Methods; Arch 372-5 Material Culture Analysis; Arch
340-5 Zooarchaeology; Arch 201-3 Introduction to
Archaeology; and Arch 100-3 Ancient Peoples and
Places. I have also supervised several directed readings, directed lab, and honours readings/thesis courses for senior undergraduates.
During the summer of 2003 I directed the
department’s archaeological field school at Little
Shuswap Lake, near Chase, British Columbia. This
project involved excavation of a Plateau Horizon
pithouse village (site EfQv 12) located on the
Quaaout Indian Reserve. The project was conducted
with the generous support and assistance of the
Little Shuswap Indian Band. Analyses of materials
collected are underway and a final report on the
excavations will be available next summer (August
2005). Over the last two years I have also prepared
and published several articles and reports related
to previous research conducted in the American
Southwest and Keatley Creek (British Columbia). I
am currently researching and preparing a publication
on the relationships between subsistence intensification, resource depression, and the rise and fall of
aggregated Pueblo communities in southwestern
Colorado.
Erle Nelson
R
esearch interest over the past two years
include:
• Continuation of a major collaborative isotopic study of the diets of the ancient
Greenlandic Norse and Thule. The portions of this
major project for which I have responsibility are
complete. We await only the final paper in this
suite of seven to be finished before the lot will be
submitted for publication.
• Several smaller projects continue with no set completion times, including studies of Arctic marine
mammals, of technical problems in radiocarbon
dating and of applications of radiocarbon dating
to archaeological problems. These last sometimes
involve helping colleagues with specific problems.
• Studies of the use of antler as a radiocarbon dating
material in Arctic research. For some reason, antler
has long been discounted as providing reliable 14C
dates. Testing has clarified this presumption.
• A major project to explore a completely unexpected isotopic effect in modern plants. This arose
as an unexpected consequence from i) above, and
has become the PhD thesis topic of R. Commisso.
Field research these past two years has completely
validated the phenomenon. Work is underway to
examine its potential as a new tool for research in
archaeology and the earth sciences.
30 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Above: Rob Commisso sampling at Ø4, Greenland.
George Nicholas
I
have been involved in a wide variety of activities in the past two years and which are largely
based at the Kamloops campus where I teach
and direct the SFU’s Indigenous Archaeology
Program here. Major projects during this period
have included the following:
• I have embarked on a major research program in
intellectual property rights and archaeology. This
has been the subject of a series of recent publications, and the basis for a major international project on this topic that I am developing with several
colleagues.
• I continue in my role as Editor-in-Chief of the
Canadian Journal of Archaeology, and Editor of the
CJA Occasional Publication Series. Cheryl Takahashi
has recently developed a new CJA web site.
• As Co-investigator (with Nancy Turner, UVic) of
a three-year SSHRC-funded project comparing
interior and coastal patterns of traditional and prehistoric plant use, I directed wetlands-related field
studies at Burns Bog (Delta) and Sabiston Lake
(Kamloops). My research and writing on wetlands
and hunter-gatherer societies worldwide continues.
• Since 2003, I have been a Collaborator on
the SSHRC-funded project, “Protection and
Repatriation of First Nation Cultural Heritage”
project,” headed by Catherine Bell (University of
Alberta). My research here has focused on issues
relating to cultural and intellectual property.
• In 2003-2004, I worked with Kelly Bannister (UVic)
and the Hul’qumi’num Treaty Group on a study
of traditional Hul’qumi’num Heritage Law and
archaeological perceptions.
• In 2004, I was appointed Advisor, Indigenous
Archaeologies Series, AltaMira Press, and was
appointed to the Curriculum Committee,
Society for American Archaeology. In 2004, I
became a member of the Advisory Board for
AnthroCommons, based at the University of
California-Berkeley. I continue to serve as a consultant to the Kamloops Indian Band, the Secwepemc
Cultural Education Society, the Shuswap Nation
Tribal Council, and the Nicola Tribal Association.
• Finally, I have presented the results of the abovementioned work at the BC Archaeology Forum,
and at the CAA, AAA, SAA, WAC, and Chacmool
conferences, as have several of my students.
Faculty
Section
Research
Title • 31
Richard Shutler, Jr. (Emeritus)
D
r. Shutler’s current research and papers in
process include: 1) Tule Springs, Nevada:
A reexamination of the possible association of pre-Clovis artifacts with extinct Pleistocene
fauna a the site, in the light of increasing similar
claims for other sites in North America; 2) Tabon
Cave, Palawan Island, Philippines: A discussion of the
cultural and chronological position of this site, in light
of new radiocarbon dates; and 3) Lapita Pre-Voyage
Staging Areas: A discussion of the necessary preparations for long distance voyages of exploration and
colonization by the Lapita people.
Mark Skinner
I
n 2003 Mark
Skinner traveled to
East Timor, Australia,
Den Haag, and Bosnia
during the tenure of his
Bora Laskin National
Fellowship in Human
Rights ($55,000). Arising
from his investigations
he published Guidelines
for International
Forensic Bioarchaeology
Monitors of Mass
Grave Exhumation which appeared in Forensic
Science International in 2003. Additional publications arising from this research which are currently
in press include co-authored publications with Erin
Jessee (A Typology of Mass Grave and Mass Graverelated Sites) and with Soren Blau (The Use of
Forensic Archaeology in theInvestigation of Human
Rights Abuse: Unearthing the Past in East Timor)
and with Jon Sterenberg (Turf Wars: Authority and
Responsibility for the Investigation of mass graves).
He has continued his research on developmental
stress in apes publishing with David Hopwood in
2004 An hypothesis for the causes and periodicity of repetitive transverse enamel hypoplasia
(rTEH) in large, wild African (Pan troglodytes and
Gorilla gorilla) and Asian (Pongo pygmaeus) apes
which appeared in the American Journal of Physical
Anthropology (2004) as well as Localised hypopla-
32 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
sia of the primary canine in Bonobos, Orangutans
and Gibbons which appeared in the same journal.
He spent 4 weeks in 2003 at the Kunming Institute
of Archaeology (China) to collect high resolution
casts of Lufengpithecus dentition and 2 weeks at the
Hanoi Institute of Archaeology (Vietnam) to collect
similar data on paleo-orangutan fossils. He also collected data on Dryopithecus from Spain during t his
interval. These data are part of his ongoing research
on paleo-ecology of fossil hominoids.
During 2003-4 he delivered 16 public lectures on
topics related to forensic anthropology and paleoanthropology. In September, 2004 he took leave from
SFU to take up the post for one year as Director of
Forensic Sciences for the International Commission
on Missing Persons for the Former Yugoslavia where
he supervises 121 staff in the general task of determining the fate of thousands of missing persons arising from the conflict there during the 1990’s. ICMP
is currently collaborating with Physicians for Human
Rights to assist the Iraqi Kurdistan as well as the
Baghdad authorities in their planned efforts to deal
with the large problem of mass graves in Iraq.
He also participated in 2003 as an External
Review Panel Member in evaluating the MSc
Osteoarchaeology, MSc Forensic and Biological
Anthropology, MSc Forensic Archaeology,
Bournemouth University. Additionally he was a Panel
Member to review the Major Collaborative Research
Initiatives Grant for the U. of Alberta Cis-Baikal 5
year project funded by SSHRC.
Dongya Yang
S
ince the establishment of the dedicated
ancient DNA laboratory at SFU two years
ago, my research group has been focusing on
ancient DNA recovery and analysis as well as its
applications to archaeology and physical anthropology. We have been testing different chemicals and
conditions for achieving optimal decontaminations
of archaeological materials for ancient DNA analysis
(MA thesis, Kathy Watt). In addition, we continue to
work on improving techniques for retrieving DNA
from ancient remains.
Ancient DNA analysis of archaeological faunal
remains can provide accurate species-level (and
occasionally population-level) identifications. In the
past two years, we have tested a variety of archaeological remains to evaluate ancient DNA preservation and to explore the possibility of applying
ancient DNA analysis to archaeological investigations.
Our main projects (both completed and on-going)
incorporate the DNA analysis of many species
including: salmon remains from Namu of the Central
Coast of BC to study prehistoric salmon fishery
fluctuation (in collaboration with Aubrey Cannon);
the analysis of salmon remains from Keatley Creek
of the BC Interior to study prehistoric utilization of
salmon species (MA thesis, Camilla Speller); whale
remains from Vancouver Island to study prehistory whale hunting and whale use (in collaboration
with Alan McMillan); and rabbit remains from the
Southwest America to reconstruct prehistoric rabbit
hunting and environmental conditions (in collaboration with Jon Driver).
My other research interests include the study of
health and diseases of past human populations in
China (MA thesis, Edwin Lee).
Graduate students,
Kathy Watt, Camilla Speller
(front) and undergraduate
student Joshua Woiderski
(back) in the Ancient DNA
Laboratory.
Eldon Yellowhorn
I
received my faculty appointment in August 2002.
After joining the department I began working,
with Alan McMillan, on a revised and up-dated
version of Native Peoples and Cultures of Canada:
An Anthropological Overview. In the summer of 2004
the book was published with the title First Peoples in
Canada. I am currently working on a second publication that will bring together my research interest
in northern plains antiquity. It will be a synthesis
of Blackfoot mythology as it is represented in the
northern plains archaeological record.
In the summer of 2004 I initiated a historical
archaeology project with the Piikani First Nation. This
project will direct my research activities away from
the ancient heritage of Piikani people to sites that
capture their experience during their early reserve
years. For this project I will be investigating the
changes that accompanied the shift to settled-farming life, but also the customs that survived the transition and which persisted into modern times. The
objective for this project is to chronicle the history
of the Piikani community from the late nineteenth
century to the present by focusing on archival and
material culture studies.
Faculty
Section
Research
Title • 33
Research Grants
Bannister, K., and G. Nicholas
(2003–2004) Hul’qumi’num Heritage Law Case
Study. Component of the SSHRC-funded project, Protection and Repatriation of First Nation
Cultural Heritage Project. Hul’qumi’num Treaty
Group and Social Sciences and Humanities
Research Council ($30,000).
Bell, Lynne
(2004) President’s Research Grant, Simon Fraser
University ($10,000).
(2004) Endowed Research Fellowship ($5,000).
(2004) Dean’s Research Fellowship ($6,000).
(2003) A reassessment of human C-14 bomb curve
data to refine the mammal error. Joint US CILHI
grant ($60,000).
Burley, D. V.
(2002–2004) Polynesian Origins. Social Sciences
and Humanities Research Council of Canada
Grant ($158,328).
(2004) Dean of Arts Research Grant. Simon Fraser
University ($5,000).
(2004) Sevilla la Nueva Project, Jamaica. SFU/
SSHRC Small Project Grant ($2,500).
(2003) Dean of Arts Research Grant. Simon Fraser
University ($5,000).
Coupland, G., G. Nicholas, and J. Hunston
(2004–2008) Grant in Aid of the Canadian
Journal of Archaeology. Social Sciences and
Humanities Research Council Research Grant
($45,000).
D’Andrea, A.C.
(2004–2005) Ethnoarchaeological Studies of
Sorghum, Middle Nile Basin, Sudan. Wenner-Gren
Foundation for Anthropological Research, PostPh.D. Grant ($24,385 USD).
34 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
(2003–2004) Ethiopian Farmers Yesterday and
Today: Geoarchaeological Survey of Gulo-Makeda.
National Geographic Society, Committee for
Research and Exploration Grant ($10,914 USD)
(2002–2003) Kintampo Archaeobotanical Studies.
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
Small Grant ($4,994)
(2002–2006) Ethiopian Farmers Then and Now:
Ethnoarchaeological Investigations at Gulo-Makeda,
Eastern Tigrai. Social Sciences and Humanities
Research Council Research Grant ($175,000),
year 1 of 3.
Driver, J.C.
(2004–2007) Chacoan Faunas. Social Sciences
and Humanities Research Council Research
Grant ($99,000), year 1 of 3.
Hayden, B.
(2003–2004) The Ethnoarchaeology of Feasting in
Southeast Asia. Social Sciences and Humanities
Research Council Research Grant ($21,000),
years 2 & 3 of 3.
(2004) A New Study of the Spatial Context of
Upper Paleolithic Cave Art. SFU/SSHRC Small
Grant ($2,500).
Hilderbrand, D. and D.Y. Yang
(2003-2004) Distribution of Sequence
Heteroplasmy in Human Mitochondrial DNA from
Skeletal Remains. Canadian Police Research
Centre, External Grant ($17,000).
Jamieson, R.
(2003–2006) Caste, Identity and Material Culture
in Colonial Riobamba, Ecuador. Social Sciences and
Humanities Research Council Research Grant
($178,000), year 2 of 4.
(2003–2005) Faunal materials from a 16th century
Spanish colonial butcher’s yard, Cuenca. SFU/SSHRC
Small Grant ($4,013), year 2 of 3.
Lepofsky, D.
(2003–2006) Aboriginal collective identity across
time, space, and academic disciplines: Exploring
Interactions among the Sto:lo of southwestern British
Columbia. In collaboration with Michael Blake
(University of British Columbia), Jeanne Arnold
(UCLA), Dave Schaepe (Sto:lo Nation and UBC),
Pat Moore (UBC), and John Clague (SFU). Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council
Research Grant. ($216,270).
(2001–2003) The Emergence of Status Inequality
at the Keatley Creek site, British Columbia. Bill
Prentiss, Principle Investigator. Wenner-Gren
Foundation ($3,023 [$2,000 USD]).
(2001–2003) The Emergence of Status Inequality
at the Keatley Creek site, British Columbia. Bill
Prentiss, Principle Investigator. National Science
Foundation. ($5,918 [$3,915 USD]).
(2001–2003) Zooarchaeological and paleoethnobotanical analysis of the Strathcona Park site: a Coast
Salish summer village in Indian Arm. SSHRC Small
Grant ($4,911).
Nelson, D.E.
(2002–2005) Archaeometric Research. Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada Grant ($50,000/year), year 3 of 4.
(2003–2005) Arctic Isotopic Archaeology. Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council
Research Grant ($30,000/year), year 2 of 3.
Nicholas, G.P.
(2004) Intellectual Property Rights and Archaeology
Project. Discovery Park Grant, SFU ($3,900).
(2004) Analysis of a Possible Mid-Holocene
Feather from an Archaeological Site, Kamloops, B.C.
SSHRCouncil/SFU Small Research Grant ($3,584).
(2003) Intellectual Property Rights and Archaeology
Project. Discovery Park Grant, SFU ($5,000).
Turner, N., G. P. Nicholas, M. Ignace, and R. Ignace
(Co-Investigators)
(2003–2004) Patterns in Ethnobotany: People-Plant
Relationships of the Interior Plateau and Northwest
Coast. Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council Research Grant ($174,000 for three
years; Archaeology component approx. $25,000
for this period).
Yang, D.Y., A. Cannon, A. McMillan and D. Hilderbrand
(2003-2006) Developing New Models for the Study
of Environmental Archaeology through Ancient DNA
Analysis. SSHRC Research Development Initiatives,
External Grant ($110,000).
Yang, D.Y.
(2004-2005) Developing a Cost-Efficient DNABased Method for Species Identification. SFU/
SSHRC Small, Internal Grant ($3,000).
Yang, D.Y.
(2004) Archaeozoology and Genetics. SFU/SSHRC
Travel, Internal Grant ($1,500).
Yang, D.Y.
(2003-2004) Understanding Ancient Human
Subsistence Practices through DNA Studies of
Archaeofaunal and Archaeofloral Species. SFU
Discovery Park Fund, Internal Grant ($10,000).
Yang, D.Y.
(2002-2003) Evaluation of DNA Preservation in
Tongan Faunal Remains. SFU/SSHRC Internal
Grant ($4,900).
Research Grants • 35
Museum of Archaeology
T
he main project the Museum has undertaken
this year is a large web based multimedia project on peopling the New World – A Journey
to a New Land. With a $200,000 contribution from
the Virtual Museum of Canada, and in partnership
with the Learning and Instructional Development
Center and community and First Nations organizations, the Museum developed a comprehensive site
showcasing SFU research in five age appropriate
levels. The bilingual French/English site can be viewed
at www.sfu.museum/journey. The project trained
eleven students in a variety of skills, some in a paid
capacity, some as volunteers and some as students
working for credit.
In July, Senate approved the First Nations Heritage
Certificate Program providing accessible undergraduate pre-professional training and professional
development in the First Nations heritage industries
– museums, archives, cultural tourism, heritage pres-
ervation, heritage agencies, cultural organizations
and cultural administration. Offered through the
Simon Fraser University in Kamloops, the certificate
is especially suitable for First Nations individuals who
wish to gain proficiency in managing and preserving
cultural and heritage resources and to acquire practical skills which can be put to use in their communities and nations. It is also open to non-native students who wish to acquire skills in the above areas.
Barbara Winter developed and taught “Introduction
to Museum Studies”, a summer semester course in
the Kamloops SCES/SFU program this year. The students enrolled were predominantly of First Nations
Heritage.
The museum continues to work with
Dr. E. Gardner of the Faculty of Education in the
Sto:lo Shxweli Halq’emeylem Language Program,
making artifacts and museum objects available for
language teachers.
Above and opposite: Digital illustrations from “A Journey to a New Land” web site.
Biennial
Report
36 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004
| 2001/2002
Biennial
Report
& Ethnology
The Museum received a large and significant
donation of photographic images and historic video
from Dr. Wolfgang Jilek and Dr. Louise Jilek-Aall. The
images were photographed during their lifelong
research into shamanism among indigenous peoples
around the world. Other smaller donations of photographic images were also received. All photographic collections have been databased at the accession
level. This year the Museum began cataloguing these
images at the individual level. As this project proceeds it will make these images available for use in
teaching, the web and exhibitions.
The Museum’s web site was completely reorganized this year. A team of two archaeology students
and a computer science student re-worked the
home page and re-organized access to the modules,
relating the content and learning outcomes of the
site to the BC Ministry of Education IRPs. This makes
the site much more useful for teachers wishing to
use it to augment curriculum materials.
Twenty three student volunteers worked on various collections management activities, developing
skills they intend to use in museum related future
work. The major collections activities in the past year
included development of collections management
databases and a shelf verification of a large portion
of the database.
Barbara Winter
Museum Curator
Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology • 37
Laboratories Report
T
he Archaeology Laboratories are staffed by
Andrew Barton (Laboratory Manager) and
Shannon Wood (Laboratory Technician)
and were joined by Heather Robertson who
worked as a research assistant in 2004 under an
SSHRC Indirect Costs of Research grant from the
Vice-President Research office. Staff supervised
students working under 26 work study projects
which focused on ongoing research and collections related work conducted in the Archaeology
Laboratories. Students participating on the projects
included Rizwaan Abbas, Sarah Baldry, Sarah Dersch,
Conrad Elander, Jenn Gibo, Liza Grotrian, Shannon
King, Darryl Kirsch, Mikael Larsson, Adrienne Marr,
Megan McMahon, Laura Nielson, Cinnamon Pandur,
Jennifer Parrott, Mike Prevost, Heather Robertson,
Jakub Rosicki, Alice Storey, Ginelle Taylor, Kristina
VanderMeer, Christopher Verral, Christine Wright,
and Sandy Zoffmann.
Work continued on the development of the
laboratory teaching and research collections during the last two years with significant emphasis on
curatorial work on the human osteology collection.
The Beach Grove osteological material was reanalyzed in preparation for its repatriation to the
RBCM. Heather Robertson conducted a complete
review of the documentation system for the osteology collection and updated the information in the
collection database. A new database was set up for
material analyzed, and in some cases accessioned,
through the Forensic Recovery program. In 2003 we
negotiated the transfer of a collection of early hand
wrought nails and hand blown glass artifacts from
Fort Carleton for the historic archaeology collection
and continued the development of teaching kits for
use in the historic archaeology lab course. Six new
fossil hominid casts were purchased for the palaeoanthropology cast collection in 2004, the database
taxonomy for the collection was updated and collections storage was reorganized. A backlog of un-
38 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
catalogued specimens for the lithic source collection
were accessioned and added to the collection and
work continued on cataloguing specimens for the
zooarchaeology comparative collection. Five collections of analyzed field collections were inventoried
and prepared for long-term storage.
Equipment and logistical support was provided
to five Department field schools over the past two
years, including the Department field school at
Little Shuswap Lake, the Secwepemc field school
Kamloops, and the South Pacific field school at the
Sigatoka Dune Site in Fiji in 2003, and the field
schools at the McCallum Site in Aggasiz, and the
South Pacific field school in the Kingdom of Tonga
in 2004. Support and equipment was also provided
to fourteen other field research projects conducted
by Department faculty, graduate, undergraduate students and visiting scholars in 2003 and 2004.
In 2004 the archaeology laboratories underwent
a major renovation that involved the extension
of the laboratory access hallway, the removal of a
decommissioned electrical generator, the complete
renovation of an existing project laboratory and the
construction of a small laboratory that will be used
to house the department’s graphic computer facility.
The department was also allocated funding to complete renovations of undeveloped space on the laboratory 8000 level and planning is underway for the
construction of two more labs in February of 2005.
In 2004, the laboratory staff were heavily involved in
the planning, development and design of the space
for the Centre for Forensic Studies, Archaeology
Laboratories and First Nations Studies in the proposed Arts and Social Sciences Complex building
which will be under construction in 2005.
Renewal of laboratory and field equipment continued with the purchase of a 2002 GMC Savana
van and a refit of the department research vessel,
the MV Highlander, both funded from the proceeds
of the sale of the Department research vessel the
MV Sisiutl. Prior to the field schools in the summer
of 2003 and 2004 we replaced our field excavation
and field camp equipment and purchased a new
Leica total station, GPS units and digital cameras for
use on field projects. The Office of the Dean of Arts
and Social Sciences generously provided the department with funding in 2004 which allow us to purchase eighteen new microscopes and illuminators to
replace the old microscopes in our teaching laboratory. Laboratory staff contributed to the preparation
of the CFI applications for the Tier I Chair in Cultural
Resource Management and the Tier II CRC chair in
Forensic Studies
The Department is in the process of moving its
administrative files and web pages off the Pyramid
server. The University’s implementation of People
Soft administrative computing system required a
number of upgrades to staff computing equipment
and increased technical support for the intricacies in
the new system. Lab staff act as LAN administrators
and Shannon Wood serves as the Archaeology representative on the revived Faculty of Arts and Social
Sciences Computer Advisory Committee.
In 2004 Shannon Wood conducted archaeological
fieldwork at the site of Petra in Jordan, excavating
a portion of the ‘pool house’ in the Petra Garden
and Pool Complex. She is currently analyzing the
faunal material from the site. Andrew Barton conducted field research on the island of Tongatapu in
the Kingdom of Tonga in 2003, provided logistical
assistance with the Department’s South Pacific field
school in Tonga in 2004 and continued to sit as the
Faculty of Arts and Social Science representative on
the University Radiological Safety Committee.
Andrew Barton
Lab Manager
Shannon Wood
Laboratory Technician
Excavation at Petra, 2004.
Laboratories Report • 39
Publications
Blau, S., and M. F. Skinner
2005 The Use of Forensic Archaeology in the
Investigation of Human Rights Abuse: Unearthing
the Past in East Timor. The International Journal of
Human Rights (in press).
Burley, D. V.
2003 Toward the historical archaeology of
Levuka, a South Pacific port of call. International
Journal of Historical Archaeology 7(4): 243–265.
2003 Dynamic landscapes and episodic occupations: Archaeological interpretation and implications in the prehistory of the Sigatoka Sand
Dunes. In Pacific Archaeology: Assessments and
Prospects, Le Cahiers de l’Archeologie en Nouvelle
Caledonie 15, Noumea, C. Sand (ed.), pp. 327–335.
2003 Review of Lapita and its Transformations in
the Mussau Islands, Papua New Guinea (P. V. Kirch),
Asian Perspectives 42(1): 178–181.
Burley, D. V. and J. Clark
2003 The archaeology of Fiji/Western Polynesia
in the Post-Lapita era. In Pacific Archaeology:
Assessments and Prospects, Le Cahiers de
l’Archeologie en Nouvelle Caledonie 15, Noumea,
C. Sand (ed.), pp. 221–235.
Burley, D. V. and W. R. Dickinson
2004 Late Lapita occupation and its ceramic
assemblage at the Sigatoka Sand Dune site, Fiji,
and their place in Oceanic prehistory. Archaeology
in Oceania 39: 12–25.
Burley, D. V., D. W. Steadman and A. Anderson
2003 The volcanic outlier of ‘Ata in Tongan prehistory: Reconsideration of its role and settlement
chronology. Journal of New Zealand Archaeology
25: 89–106.
Carlson, R.C.
2004 Images of Pre-Contact Northwest Coast
Masks. American Indian Art Magazine (in press).
2004 Review of Emerging from the Mist: Studies in
Northwest Coast Culture History (Ed: R.G. Matson).
The Candian Historical Review 85(4) (in press).
2003 (Ed.) Archaeology of Coastal British Columbia:
40 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Essays in the Honour of Professor Philip M. Hobler.
Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University,
Burnaby., BC.
2003 Review of The Early Settlement of North
America: the Clovis Era (G. Hanes). Canadian
Journal of Archaeology 27(2): 321–322.
Cox, M. and L. S. Bell
2003 An initial assessment of the condition and
requirements for conservation of human remains
at six genocide memorial sites in Rwanda. Inforce
Foundation Report: Series 1.
D’Andrea, A.C.
2004 Charred Plant Remains from Tel elRub’a (Mendes), Egypt: Preliminary Report.
In Excavations at Mendes. Volume I. The Royal
Necropolis, D. B. Redford (ed). Leiden: Brill.
2004 Food, Fuel and Fields. Journal of African
Archaeology (in press).
2003 Social and Technological Aspects of NonMechanised Emmer Processing. In Le Traitement
des Récoltes: Un regard sur la diversité, du néolithique au présent, P. C. Anderson, L. S. Cummings,
T. S. Schippers, B. Simonel (eds.), pp. 47–60.
Antibes: Éditions APDCA.
Dean B. J., L. S. Bell, and M.C. Cox
2004 Cementum annulation: problems and prospects for the aging of human remains. American.
Journal of Physical Anthropology .
Driver, J.C.
2003 Review of Environmental Archaeology:
Principles and Practice (D. Dincauze). Canadian
Journal of Archaeology 27: 121–124.
2003 Review of Archaeology: The Widening Debate
(Eds: B. Cunliffe, W. Davies, C. Renfrew). Canadian
Journal of Archaeology 27: 323–325.
2004 Food, status and formation processes: a
case study from Medieval England. In Behaviour
Behind Bones: The Zooarchaeology of Ritual, Religion,
Status and Identity, S. Jones O’Day, W. Van Neer
and A. Ervynck, (eds.), pp. 244–251. Oxbow
Books, Oxford.
2004 Review of Archaeological Theory and
Scientific Practice (A. Jones). Canadian Journal of
Archaeology 28:161–165.
Hallett, D. J., D. Lepofsky, R. W. Mathewes,
K. P. Lertzman
2003 11,000 years of fire history and climate
in the mountain hemlock rainforests of southwestern British Columbia based on sedimentary
charcoal. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33:
292–312.
Hayden, B.
2004 (Ed.) The ancient past of Keatley Creek.
Volume III: Excavations. Archaeology Press, Simon
Fraser University, Burnaby, BC.
2003 Hunting and feasting: Health and demographic consequences. Before Farming 2002/3-4(3)
www.waspjournals.
2004 Sociopolitical Organization in the Natufian:
A view from the Northwest. In The Last HunterGatherer Societies in the Near East, C. Delage (ed.),
pp. 263–308. BAR International Series. Oxford.
2004 Comment on Zooarchaeological Measures
of Hunting Pressure and Occupation Intensity in
the Natufian (N. Munro). Current Anthropology
45(Supplement): S25.
Hayden, B., and S. Mossop.
2004 The social dimensions of roasting pits
in a winter village site. In Complex HunterGatherers: Evolution and Organization of Prehistoric
Communitites on the Plateau of Northwestern North
America, W. Prentiss and I. Kuijt (eds.), pp. 140–
154. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
Hayden, B., and J. Ryder
2003 Cultural collapses in the Northwest: A
reply to Ian Kuijit. American Antiquity 68: 157–160.
Hetherington, R., J. V. Barrie, R. MacLeod and
M.C. Wilson.
2004 Quest for the lost land. Geotimes 49(2): 20–23.
Jackson, L. E., Jr., and M.C. Wilson
2004 The ice-free corridor revisited. Geotimes
49(2):16–19.
Jamieson, R.W.
2003 De Tomebamba a Cuenca: Arquitectura y
Vida Cotidiana en la Colonia. Abya Yala, Quito,
Ecuador.
2003 Review of Café, sociedad y relaciones de
poder en América Latina (Samper et al.). Journal of
Social History 36(3): 775–777.
2004 Signs and symbols of the Maya. PARI Journal
5(2): 7–12.
2004 Bolts of Cloth and Sherds of Pottery:
Impressions of Caste in the Material Culture of
the Seventeenth Century Audiencia of Quito. The
Americas 60(3): 431–446.
2004 How religion changed in the Bronze Age.
The Pomegranate 6(1): 107–126.
2004 Review of The Nasca (Silverman and Proulx).
Canadian Journal of History 39(2): 396–398.
2003 Shamans, Sorcerers, and Saints: The Prehistory
of Religion. Smithsonian Institution Press,
Washington, DC.
2004 Review of Archaeology at La Isabela and
Columbus’s Outpost among the Taínos (Deagan &
Cruxent). Colonial Latin American Review 13(1):
155–163.
2003 Were luxury foods the first domesticates?
Ethnoarchaeological perspectives from Southeast
Asia. World Archaeology 34: 458–469.
Hayden, B., and R. Adams.
2004 Ritual structures in transegalitarian communities. In Complex Hunter-Gatherers: Evolution
and Organization of Prehistoric Communitites on the
Plateau of Northwestern North America, W. Prentiss
and I. Kuijt (eds.), pp. 84–102. University of Utah
Press, Salt Lake City.
2005 Caste in Cuenca: Colonial identity in the
17th century Andes. In The Archaeology of Plural
and Changing Identities: Beyond Identification,
E.C. Casella and C. Fowler (eds.). Springer, New
York (in press).
Jamieson, R.W., and R.G.V. Hancock
2004 Neutron Activation Analysis of Colonial
Ceramics from Southern Highland Ecuador.
Archaeometry 46(4): 569–583.
Publications • 41
Jessee, E., and M. F. Skinner
2005 A Typology of Mass Grave and Mass Graverelated Sites. Forensic Science International (accepted Dec. 18, 2004) (in press).
Lepofsky, D., N. Lyons, and M. Moss
2003 The use of driftwood on the North Pacific
Coast: An example from Southeast Alaska. Journal
of Ethnobiology 23: 125–141.
Katzenberg, M. A., G. Oetelaar, J. Oetelaar,
C. FitzGerald, D. Y. Yang and S.R. Saunders.
2005 Positive Identification of an Early Pioneer
in Alberta: Skeletal and Dental age, History and
DNA. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology,
Published online Sept 6. 2004.
Lepofsky, D., M. Moss, and N. Lyons
2004 The Paleoethnobotanical Remains from the
Cape Addington Site. In. The Cape Addington Site,
M. Moss (ed.). University of Oregon.
Lepofsky, D.
2004 The Northwest. In Plants and People in
Ancient North America, P. Minnis (ed.), pp. 367–364.
Smithsonian Institution Press.
2004 Plants and Pithouses: 2003. The Archaeobotany of Complex Hunter-Gatherers on the British
Columbia Plateau. The Archaeobotany of TemperateZone Hunter-Gatherers, S.L.R. Mason and J.G. Hather
(eds.), Institute of Archaeology Occasional Publications, London (in press).
2003 The Ethnobotany of cultivated plants of the
Maohi of the Society Islands. Economic Botany 57:
73–92.
Lepofsky, D., D. Hallett, K. Washbrook, A. McHalsie,
K. Lertzman, and R. Mathewes
2004 Documenting precontact plant management on the Northwest Coast: An example
of prescribed burning in the central and upper
Fraser Valley, British Columbia. In Keeping it Living:
Traditions of Plant Use and Cultivation on the
Northwest Coast, D. E. Deur and N .J. Turner (eds.).
University of Washington Press, Seattle (in press).
Lepofsky, D., E. Heyerdahl, K. Lertzman, D. Schaepe,
and B. Mierendorf
2003 Climate, Humans, and Fire in the History
of Chittenden Meadow. Conservation Ecology 7: 5.
URL: http://www.consecol.org/vol7/iss3/art5.
Lepofsky, D., K. Lertzman, D. Hallett, and R. Mathewes
2004 Climate Change and Culture Change on the
Southern Coast of British Columbia 2400–1200
B.P.: An Hypothesis. American Antiquity (in press).
Lepofsky, D., and N. Lyons
2003 Modeling ancient plant use on the
Northwest Coast: Towards an understanding of
mobility and sedentism. Journal of Archaeological
Science 30: 1357–1371.
42 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Lepofsky, D., and S. Peacock
2004 A Question of Intensity: Exploring the
Role of Plant Foods in Northern Plateau
Prehistory, In Complex Hunter-Gatherers:
Evolution and Organization of Prehistoric
Communities on the Plateau of Northwestern
North America, B. Prentiss and I. Kuijt (eds.).
University of Utah Press.
Lyons, D. E., and A.C. D’Andrea.
2003 Griddles, Ovens and the Origins of
Agriculture: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of
Bread Baking in Highland Ethiopia. American
Anthropologist 105(3): 515–530.
McLay, E., K. Bannister, L. Joe, B. Thom, and G. Nicholas
2004 ‘A’lhuttu tet Sulhween—“Respecting the
Ancestors”: Report of the Hul’qumi’num Heritage
Law Case Study. Project for Protection and
Repatriation of First Nation Cultural Heritage
Project. Hul’qumi’num Treaty Group and Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council.
McMillan, A., and E.C. Yellowhorn
2004 First Peoples in Canada, 387 pp. Douglas
and McIntyre, Vancouver, B.C.
Muir, R. J.
2004 A Summary of Housepit Rim Excavations.
In The Ancient Past of Keatley Creek, Volume 3:
Excavations and Artifacts, B. Hayden (ed.).
Archaeology Press, Simon Fraser University,
Burnaby, B.C.
2004 The Sand Canyon Pueblo Faunal
Assemblage. In Excavations at Sand Canyon Pueblo,
K. Kuckelman (ed.). Crow Canyon Archaeological
Center, Cortez (in press).
Muir, R. J., and J.C. Driver
2003 Faunal Remains from Yellow Jacket Pueblo.
In Excavations at Yellow Jacket Pueblo, Kristin
Kuckelman (ed.). Crow Canyon Archaeological
Center, Cortez. URL: http://www.crowcanyon.org/
ResearchReports/YellowJacket/Text/yjpw_faunalremains.htm (35 pages).
2004 Identifying Ritual Use of Animals in the
Northern American Southwest. In Behaviour
Behind Bones: The zooarchaeology of religion, ritual,
status, and identity, Proceedings of the 9th ICAZ
Conference, Durham 2002. S. Jones O’Day (ed.),
pp. 128–143. Oxbow Books, London.
Nelson, D. E., R. G. Commisso, and C. M. Takahashi
2004 A small investigation at Norse Site Ø38.
Simon Fraser University Archaeometry
Laboratory Report 2004–3.
Nelson, D. E. and J. Møhl
2003 Radiocarbon dating caribou antler and
bone: Are they different? Arctic 56(3): 262–265.
Nelson, D. E. and C. M. Takahashi
2004 Testing collagen preservation in orangutan
fossil tooth and bone. Simon Fraser University
Archaeometry Laboratory Report 2004–1.
2004 Dating an ancient Greenlandic walrus
tusk. Simon Fraser University Archaeometry
Laboratory Report 2004–2.
Nicholas, G. P.
2004 The Persistence of Memory, The Politics
of Desire: Archaeological Impacts on Aboriginal
Peoples and Their Response. In Decolonizing
Archaeological Theory and Practice, C. Smith and
H. M. Wobst (eds.), pp. 81–103. Routledge.
2004 Review of Revitalizations & Mazeways:
Essays on Culture Change, Vol. 1. (A. C. Wallace).
American Anthropologist (in press).
2004 Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers and Wetland
Environments: Theoretical Issues, Economic
Organization, and Resource Management
Strategies. In Wetlands: Local Issues, World
Perspectives, M. Lillie and S. Ellis (eds.). Oxbow
Press (in press).
2004 Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers and
Wetland Environments: Mobility/Sedentism and
Sociopolitical Organization. In Wetlands: Local
Issues, World Perspectives, M. Lillie and S. Ellis (eds.).
Oxbox Press (in press).
2004 On Underestimating the Past (editorial).
Canadian Journal of Archaeology 28(2): iii–vi.
2004 What I Really Want from a Relationship
with Native Americans. The SAA Archaeological
Record, Society for American Archaeology. May:
29–33.
2004 On Archaeology and Human Rights Abuses
(editorial). Canadian Journal of Archaeology 28(1):
i–ii.
2003 On Responsibility in Archaeology (editorial).
Canadian Journal of Archaeology 27(2): i–iii.
2003 Understanding the Present, Honoring the
Past. In Indigenous Peoples and Archaeology, T. Peck,
E. Siegfried, and G. Oetelaar (eds.), pp. 11–27.
University of Calgary Press.
2003 A Necessary Tension: Integrating Processual,
Postprocessual, and Other Approaches to the
Past. In Indigenous Peoples and Archaeology, T. Peck,
E. Siegfried, and G. Oetelaar (eds.), pp. 14–129.
University of Calgary Press.
2003 On the Importance of Graduate Students
(editorial). Canadian Journal of Archaeology 27(1):
i–iii.
2003 Review of Understanding Stone Tools and
Archaeological Sites (B. P. Kooyman). Alberta
Archaeological Review 35: 16–17.
Nicholas, G. P., and K. P. Bannister
2004 Intellectual Property Rights and Indigenous
Cultural Heritage in Archaeology. In Indigenous
Intellectual Property Rights: Facing, M. Riley (ed.),
pp. 309–340. AltaMira Press, Walnut Grove, CA.
2004 Reply to Smith. Current Anthropology 45(4):
528–529.
2004 Copyrighting the Past? Emerging Intellectual
Property Rights Issues in Archaeology. Current
Anthropology 45(3): 327–350.
Nicholas, G. P., and J. Hollowell
2004 Intellectual Property Rights in Archaeology?
Anthropology News 45(4): 6, 8. American
Anthropological Association.
Pavlish, L.A., G. Mumford, and A.C. D’Andrea
2003 Geotechnical Survey at Tell Tabilla,
Northeastern Nile Delta, Egypt. In Egyptology at
the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century, Volume 1,
Z. Hawass & L. Pinch-Brock (eds.), pp. 361–368.
American University in Cairo Press., Cairo.
Publications • 43
Sandgathe, D., and B. Hayden
2003 Did Neanderthals eat inner bark? Antiquity
77: 709–718.
Shapiro, B., and 26 others including M.C. Wilson and
J.C. Driver
2004 Rise and fall of the Beringian steppe bison.
Science 306: 1561–1565.
Shutler, R. Jr.
2003 Remarks on Chinese Pleistocene
Archaeology. In Current Research in Chinese
Pleistocene Archaeology, BAR International Series
1179, C. Shen and S. G. Keate (eds.), pp. 137–142,
Oxford: Archaeopress.
Shutler, R. Jr., J. M. Head, D. J. Donahue, A. J. T. Jull,
M. F. Barbetti, S. Matsu’ura, J. de Vos, and P. Storm
2004 AMS radiocarbon dates on bone from cave
sites in southeast Java, Indonesia, including Wajak.
Mod. Quaternary Res. SE Asia 18: 1–5.
Skinner, M. F., D. Alempijevic and M. Djuric-Srejic
2003 Guidelines for International Forensic
Bioarchaeology Monitors of Mass Grave
Exhumations. Forensic Science International 134:
79–90.
Skinner, M. F., and D. Hopwood
2004 An hypothesis for the causes and periodicity of repetitive transverse enamel hypoplasia
(rTEH) in large, wild African (Pan troglodytes and
Gorilla gorilla) and Asian(Pongo pygmaeus) apes.
Amer. J. Phys. Anthropol 123: 216–235.
Skinner, M. F., and E. A. Newell
2003 Localised Hypoplasia of the Primary Canine
in Bonobos, Orangutans and Gibbons. Amer. J.
Phys. Anthropol 120: 61–72.
Skinner, M. F., and J. Sterenberg
2004 Turf Wars: Authority and Responsibility for
the Investigation of mass graves. Forensic Science
International. Accepted Feb. 19, 04 (in press).
Taçon, P. S.C., E. Nelson, C. Chippindale and
G. Chaloupka
2004 The beeswax rock art of the Northern
Territory: Direct dating results and a ‘Book of
Record’. Rock Art Research 21(2): 155–160.
44 • SFU Archaeology 2003/2004 Biennial Report
Ward, B. C., M.C. Wilson, D. W. Nagorsen,
D. E. Nelson, J.C. Driver and R. J. Wigen
2003 Port Eliza Cave: North American West
Coast interstadial environment and implications
for human migrations. Quaternary Science Reviews
22: 1383–1388.
Wilson, M.C
2004 Editing the cultural landscape: a taphonomic
perspective on the destruction of aboriginal sites
on the Northwestern Plains. In: Archaeology on
the Edge: New Perspectives from the Northern
Plains, B. Kooyman and J.H. Kelley (eds.), pp. 53–77.
Canadian Archaeological Association Occasional
Paper 4. University of Calgary Press, Calgary.
Yellowhorn, E.C.
2003 Before the Alberta Century. In Archaeology
in Alberta: A View from the New Millennium
J. W. Brink and J. F. Dormaar (eds.), pp. 224–242.
Archaeological Society of Alberta, Edmonton.
2003 Regarding the American Paleolithic.
Canadian Journal of Archaeology 27(1): 62–73.
Yang, D. Y.
2003 Contamination Controls and Detection in
Ancient DNA Studies. Acta Anthropologica Sinica
22: 163–173.
Yang, D. Y., A. Cannon and S. R. Saunders
2004 DNA Species Identification of
Archaeological Salmon Bone from the Pacific
Northwest Coast of North America. Journal of
Archaeological Science 31: 619–631.
Yang, D. Y., B. Eng and S. R. Saunders
2003 Hypersensitive PCR, Ancient Human mtDNA
and Contamination. Human Biology 75: 355–364.
Yang, D. Y., and K. Watt
2005 Contamination Controls when Preparing
Archaeological Remains for Ancient DNA
Analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science, Published
online Dec. 9, 2004.
Yang, D. Y., J. R. Woiderski and J.C. Driver
2004 DNA Analysis of Archaeological Lagomorph
Remains from the American Southwest. Journal of
Archaeological Science (in press).