U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs
through Information and Communications Technologies
A PRACTICAL GUIDE
U N C TA D C U R R E N T S T U D I E S
ON
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY
AND
I N N OVAT I O N
Nº9
U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs
through Information and Communications Technologies
A PRACTICAL GUIDE
U N C TA D C U R R E N T S T U D I E S
ON
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY
New York and Geneva, 2014
AND
I N N OVAT I O N
Nº9
ii
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
NOTE
The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) serves as the lead entity within the United
Nations Secretariat for matters related to science and technology as part of its work on the integrated treatment
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PREFACE
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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CONTENTS
CONTENTS
NOTE .........................................................................................................................................
II
PREFACE ...................................................................................................................................
III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...............................................................................................................
IV
ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................
VII
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................
1
A. Why ICTs for women’s entrepreneurship? ........................................................................
3
B.
ICTs and the changing global landscape..........................................................................
3
C.
ICTs to overcome barriers and constraints in women’s entrepreneurship.......................
4
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2. Women’s time constraints or time poverty ...............................................................................
3. Constraints on women’s physical mobility ................................................................................
4. Constraints on women’s access to education, skills and training .............................................
5
5
5
5
ILO and UNCTAD collaboration on ICTs for the Women’s Entrepreneurship Development
Framework and methodology ..........................................................................................
6
Purpose and structure of this guide .................................................................................
7
ICTS IN WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT....................................
9
A. Introduction to women’s economic empowerment and ICTs ...........................................
B. The ILO WED assessment Framework and methodology ..................................................
C. The increasing use of ICTs by women entrepreneurs .......................................................
D. ICTs in the WED assessment Framework and methodology .............................................
11
12
13
14
D.
E.
CHAPTER 2
1. Framework condition 1: A gender-sensitive legal and regulatory environment that favours
the economic empowerment of women ..................................................................................
2. Framework condition 2: Effective WED policy leadership and coordination...........................
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4. Framework condition 4: Access to gender-sensitive business development support ............
5. Framework condition 5: Access to markets and access, ownership and usage of
technology ...............................................................................................................................
6. Framework condition 6: Representation of women entrepreneurs and participation in policy
dialogue ...................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 3
16
16
17
18
20
24
METHODOLOGY AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONDUCTING
A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ICTS FOR WED ...................................................
27
A. Introduction.......................................................................................................................
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29
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Desk research .........................................................................................................................
Key informant interviews ........................................................................................................
Surveys of women entrepreneurs ...........................................................................................
Focus group discussions .........................................................................................................
Scoring of the indicators for the ICT component of the WED Framework conditions .................
30
31
32
32
33
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Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
CHAPTER 4
WED-RELATED DATA SOURCES AND ICT INDICATORS.........................................
37
Sources of data on ICT and women’s entrepreneurship ..................................................
39
1. Business or enterprise surveys ...............................................................................................
2. Population- or household-based surveys ................................................................................
3. Business registers ...................................................................................................................
39
40
41
Key indicators in the WED Framework .............................................................................
41
1.
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Framework condition 5: Access to markets and access, ownership and usage of technology...
41
42
42
42
C. Additional ICT-related indicators ......................................................................................
43
A.
B.
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND THE ROAD AHEAD .................................................................
45
Figure 1.
Mobile phone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by region...............................................
4
Figure 2.
WED assessment Framework conditions and subconditions .............................................
15
Figure 3.
Components of the ILO WED assessment methodology .....................................................
29
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
“ICTs have become essential enablers of socioeconomic development ...
Today’s and tomorrow’s technologies will help bring the Millennium
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Ban Ki-Moon
Secretary-General
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INTRODUCTION
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“The inclusion of a gender perspective in the design and implementation of economic policies is a way to give substance and meaning to
the commitments for the empowerment of women.”
Mukhisa Kituyi
Secretary-General
UNCTAD
CHAPTER 2
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UNCTAD (2010), Information Economy Report 2010:
ICTs, Enterprises and Poverty Alleviation.
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Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
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Box 9.
25
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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY AND PRACTICAL
CONSIDERATIONS FOR
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ASSESSMENT OF ICTs FOR WED
“When women and men share power and influence equally, it leads to
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Anna Rosendahl,
Head of the Unit on Private Sector Collaboration and ICT
Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONDUCTING A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ICTS FOR WED
A.
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“How can we cut down the workload of a woman, so she can also sit
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Dina Bina
Woman entrepreneur from the United Republic of Tanzania
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See OECD (2012), ICT Skills and Employment:
New Competences and Jobs for a Greener and Smarter
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mobility restrictions (for example, registration can be done online, or through
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registration system as well as other administrative
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Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
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WOEs.
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programmes exist and are accessible to
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as mobile money.
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cooperatives where women are predominantly
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and to create broader awareness among
women entrepreneurs of their services,
including through businesswomen’s networks and the use of ICTs.
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of business support for women entrepreneurs (for example, women’s desk in
government MSME agencies, women’s
enterprise or business resource centres,
entrepreneurial training programmes for
women, and the like) including with access for women entrepreneurs through
ICTs.
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mechanisms.
43
CHAPTER 4 WED-RELATED DATA SOURCES AND ICT INDICATORS
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them with advice and counselling on updating their use of technology.
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women entrepreneurs to technological
innovations and the opportunities for
developing businesses in technologydriven sectors (for example, ICT, biomedical, environmental and renewable
technologies).
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technology upgrading and modernization
programmes and programmes focused on
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systems, online marketing, e-commerce,
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available to help WOEs modernize their
operations in these areas and to pursue
technology innovations.
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to defray the cost of investing in updated
and new technologies; WOEs are making
use of ICTs in many of their business
operations; women entrepreneurs are
actively encouraged and supported to
start businesses in higher-technology
and innovative sectors of the economy
including the ICT sector.
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CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND
THE ROAD AHEAD
“For female micro-entrepreneurs, using their mobile phone for
business communication changes the dynamics of their very small
businesses … Women who use their mobile phones for business
purposes are more likely to generate greater profits.”
Mark Levy
Professor, Department of Telecommunication, Information
Studies and Media, Michigan State University
CHAPTER 5
47
CONCLUSION AND THE ROAD AHEAD
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and practical constraints in contrast to their male
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48
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
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ANNEXES
ANNEX 1
ILO WED FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS SUBCONDITIONS AND INDICATORS FOR SCORING
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GUIDE FOR CONDUCTING A FOCUS GROUP OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS ON WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ICTS
65
– 6WLFNWRWKHWLPHOLQHDVPXFKDVSRVVLEOH
– &OHDUO\VLJQDOZKHQDWRSLFVWDUWVDQGHQGV7KLV
6R WKH IRFXV JURXS WUDQVFULSW RI WKDW SDUW RI WKH
FRQYHUVDWLRQZRXOGORRNOLNHWKLV
KHOSV WR NHHS WKH FRQYHUVDWLRQ IRFXVHG DQG WR
WDNHQRWHV
M: Why don’t you borrow from banks?
BJ: The express credit programmes that don’t require
collateral.
We were told: Uganda is small, word of mouth,
everyone knows everyone else, that’s how we get
information around.
Information changes, we can hear the same news and
interpret it differently. And when presenting laws and
regulations it should be someone trained.
– +DYHqUHGXQGDQF\rIRUWKHUHFRUGLQJRIWKHVHVVLRQ
have one note taker and one or two voice recorders,
RQH YLGHR UHFRUGHU DQG DOVR \RX FDQ XVH \RXU
ODSWRS WR UHFRUG LI \RXU ODSWRS KDV WKDW FDSDELOLW\
Technology can and often does fail, so it is important
WRKDYHGLIIHUHQWZD\VWRFDSWXUHWKHLQIRUPDWLRQ
G. INSTRUCTIONS FOR NOTE
TAKER
1. WJat to taMe note of!
,W LV FULWLFDOO\ LPSRUWDQW WKDW \RX WDNH QRWH RI WKH
PRGHUDWRUDQGWKHSDUWLFLSDQWVpZRUGVH[DFWO\qDVLVr
HYHQLI\RXWKLQNWKHSDUWLFLSDQWKDVPDGHPLVWDNHRU
VDLGLWLQFRUUHFWO\
s 'RQpWDWWHPSWWRSXWLWLQODQJXDJHWKDW\RXWKLQNLV
HDVLHUWRXQGHUVWDQGRUPDNHVPRUHVHQVH
s :ULWH GRZQ H[DFWO\ ZKDW WKH PRGHUDWRU VD\V RU
DVNVDQGZKDWWKHSDUWLFLSDQWVVD\
2. HoY to taMe note!
1RWHVVKRXOGEHWDNHQRI
s :KDW WKH PRGHUDWRU VD\V ZKHWKHU LW LV DQ
LQWURGXFWLRQFRPPHQWRUTXHVWLRQ
s )RU H[DPSOH 0 :K\ GRQpW \RX ERUURZ IURP
EDQNV"
s :KDWWKHSDUWLFLSDQWVVD\(QVXUHWKHSDUWLFLSDQWVp
LQLWLDOVDUHQRWHGWRNQRZZKRVDLGZKDW
s )RU H[DPSOH LI WKH SDUWLFLSDQWpV QDPH LV %HWW\
-RQHVKHUUHVSRQVHVKRXOGEHUHFRUGHGDV
BJ: The express credit programmes that don’t require
collateral.
We were told: Uganda is small, word of mouth,
everyone knows everyone else, that’s how we get
information around.
Information changes, we can hear the same news and
interpret it differently. And when presenting laws and
regulations it should be someone trained.
Pay attention to when the moderator starts and ends
DWRSLFDQGPDNHVXUH\RXPDNHQRWHRIWKDWLQ\RXU
WUDQVFULSW)RUH[DPSOH
Topic 1: Usage of computer
H. INSTRUCTIONS FOR
PERSON(S) IN CHARGE OF
VIDEO AND VOICE RECORDING
9LGHRUHFRUGLQJ
7KH WRS SULRULW\ IRU YLGHR UHFRUGLQJ LV WR EH
LQYLVLEOHLGHDOO\SDUWLFLSDQWVVKRXOGQRWQRWLFHWKH
SHUVRQUHFRUGLQJ
7KH VHFRQG REMHFWLYH LV WR FDSWXUH DV PXFK DV
SRVVLEOH RI WKH LQGLYLGXDO SDUWLFLSDQWpV IDFH DQG
YRLFHIRUH[DPSOHE\KDYLQJWKHFDPHUDIRFXVHG
RQWKHSHUVRQZKRpVVSHDNLQJZLWKRXWLQWHUIHULQJ
ZLWKWKHP
,WpVLPSRUWDQWWRWHVWLQDGYDQFHWKHPLFURSKRQH
DQGYLGHRFDPHUDLQWKHVSHFLƄFURRPWRPDNH
VXUHWKDWWKHYRLFHVDQGLPDJHVRIDOOSDUWLFLSDQWV
FDQEHFDSWXUHG
9RLFH UHFRUGLQJ DLPV WR FDSWXUH WKH YRLFHV RI DOO
SDUWLFLSDQWV7KHIROORZLQJDUHVXJJHVWHG
s It’s important to test in advance the microphone in
WKHVSHFLƄFURRPWRPDNHVXUHWKDWWKHYRLFHVRI
DOOSDUWLFLSDQWFDQEHFDSWXUHG
s +DYH WZR UHFRUGLQJ GHYLFHV DQG KDYH WKHP
UHFRUGLQJDWWKHVDPHWLPHLQFDVHRQHIDLOV
ANNEX 4
67
MODEL ICT-RELATED QUESTIONS FOR INCLUSION IN SURVEYS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS35
ANNEX 4 MODEL ICT-RELATED QUESTIONS
FOR INCLUSION IN SURVEYS OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS35
I.
OWNERSHIP AND ACCESS TO ICTS
1. Do you oYn or Jave access to any of tJe foNNoYKnI FevKces eKtJer at tJe ofƂce or at your
Jome YJKcJ you can use for busKness purposes!
(tick all that apply)
(a) Television <HV ❒
No
❒
E )L[HGWHOHSKRQHOLQH <HV ❒
No
❒
(c) Radio <HV ❒
No
❒
G 0RELOHSKRQHUHJXODURUQRQ,QWHUQHWHQDEOHG <HV ❒
No
❒
H 0RELOHSKRQH,QWHUQHWHQDEOHG <HV ❒
No
❒
I 'HVNWRSFRPSXWHU <HV ❒
No ❒
J 3RUWDEOHFRPSXWHUODSWRS <HV ❒
No
K +DQGKHOGFRPSXWHUDQGRWKHUUHODWHGGHYLFHVSDOPWRSLSDG <HV ❒
No ❒
❒
L2WKHUPRELOHGHYLFH3OHDVHGHVFULEHBBBBBBBBB
2. Do you Jave access to tJe Internet eKtJer at Jome or from your ofƂce!
Yes ❒ No ❒
3. On YJKcJ of tJese FevKces Fo you normaNNy access tJe Internet at Jome or from your ofƂce!
(tick all that apply)
D 'HVNWRSFRPSXWHU <HV ❒
No
❒
E 3RUWDEOHFRPSXWHUODSWRS <HV ❒
No
❒
F ,QWHUQHWHQDEOHGPRELOHSKRQH <HV ❒
No
❒
G +DQGKHOGFRPSXWHUSDOPWRS3'$ <HV ❒
No
❒
(e) Other 3OHDVHVSHFLI\BBBBBBBBB
4. If you Fo not Jave access to tJe Internet at Jome or from your ofƂce YJat are tJe maKn
reasons!
(tick all that apply)
D (TXLSPHQWFRVWVWRRKLJK <HV ❒
No
❒
E $FFHVVFRVWVWRRKLJKWHOHSKRQHDQGWKHOLNH <HV ❒
No
❒
7KHTXHVWLRQVDUHGHVLJQHGIRUZRPHQHQWUHSUHQHXUVRUZRPHQVPDOOEXVLQHVVRZQHUVRIDVROHSURSULHWRUVKLSEXVLQHVV
ZLWKRUZLWKRXWHPSOR\HHV
68
II.
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
F ,QIUDVWUXFWXUHIRU,QWHUQHWVHUYLFHVLVXQDYDLODEOH <HV ❒
No ❒
G3UREOHPVZLWKHOHFWULFLW\SRZHUDFFHVV <HV ❒
No ❒
H,DFFHVVWKH,QWHUQHWHOVHZKHUHIRUH[DPSOH,QWHUQHWFDIÆ <HV ❒
No
I,GRQRWZDQWWRXVHWKH,QWHUQHW <HV ❒
No ❒
(g) I do not need the Internet <HV ❒
No
K/DFNRIFRPSXWHURU,QWHUQHWVNLOOV <HV ❒
No ❒
L3ULYDF\RUVHFXULW\FRQFHUQV <HV ❒
No ❒
❒
❒
USE OF COMPUTER, LOCATION AND FREQUENCY OF USE
1. WJen FKF you most recentNy use a computer for busKness reasons!
(tick one only)
:LWKLQWKHODVWPRQWKV❒
Between 3 months and a year ago❒
0RUHWKDQ\HDUDJR❒
1HYHUXVHGRQH❒
2. HoY often on averaIe FKF you use a computer Kn tJe past 12 montJs for busKness reasons!
(tick one)
Every day or almost every day❒
$WOHDVWRQFHDZHHNEXWQRWHYHU\GD\❒
$WOHDVWRQFHDPRQWKEXWQRWHYHU\ZHHN❒
Less than once a month❒
3. WJere FKF you use a computer Kn tJe past 3 montJs for busKness reasons!
(tick all that apply)
(a) At home <HV ❒
No
❒
E $WSODFHRIZRUNRWKHUWKDQKRPH <HV ❒
No
❒
F $WDQRWKHUSHUVRQpVKRPHQHLJKERXUIULHQGRUUHODWLYHpVKRXVH <HV ❒
No
❒
G ,QWHUQHWFDIÆ,QWHUQHWNLRVNRURWKHUSXEOLF,QWHUQHWDFFHVVVLWH <HV ❒
No
❒
H $WDZRPDQpVHQWUHSUHQHXUVKLSDVVRFLDWLRQRUEXVLQHVVLQWHUPHGLDU\ <HV ❒
No ❒
I 3XEOLF/LEUDU\ <HV ❒
No
J 3RVWDO2IƄFH <HV ❒
No ❒
K +RWHO <HV ❒
No
❒
(l) Airport <HV ❒
No
❒
P2WKHUORFDWLRQ3OHDVHLQGLFDWHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
❒
ANNEX 4
III.
69
MODEL ICT-RELATED QUESTIONS FOR INCLUSION IN SURVEYS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS35
USE OF MOBILE PHONE
1. HoY often on averaIe FKF you use a mobKNe pJone Kn tJe past 12 montJs for busKness
reasons!
(tick one)
Every day or almost every day❒
$WOHDVWRQFHDZHHNEXWQRWHYHU\GD\❒
$WOHDVWRQFHDPRQWKEXWQRWHYHU\ZHHN❒
Less than once a month❒
Never❒
2. For YJKcJ of tJe foNNoYKnI actKvKtKes FKF you use a mobKNe pJone for busKness purposes
Kn tJe past 12 montJs!
(tick all that apply)
D 0DNLQJYRLFHFDOOV <HV ❒
No
❒
E 6HQGLQJ606WH[WPHVVDJHV <HV ❒
No ❒
F &UHDWLQJ606PDLOLQJOLVWVDQGVHQGLQJJURXS606V <HV ❒
No
G &RPPXQLFDWLQJZLWKFXVWRPHUV <HV ❒
No ❒
H )LQGLQJFXVWRPHUV <HV ❒
No ❒
I &RPPXQLFDWLQJZLWKVXSSOLHUV <HV ❒
No
J )LQGLQJVXSSOLHUV <HV ❒
No ❒
❒
❒
K 5HFHLYLQJVXEVFULSWLRQEDVHGLQIRUPDWLRQVHUYLFHVZKLFKDUHIUHH)RUH[DPSOH
QHZVZHDWKHUIRUHFDVWIDUPLQJSULFLQJRWKHUW\SHVRIEXVLQHVVLQIRUPDWLRQ
❒ <HVSOHDVHVSHFLI\BBBBBBBBBBB 1R ❒
L 5HFHLYLQJVXEVFULSWLRQEDVHGLQIRUPDWLRQVHUYLFHVIRUZKLFK,KDYHSDLGDIHH
)RUH[DPSOHQHZVZHDWKHUIRUHFDVWIDUPLQJSULFLQJRWKHUW\SHVRIEXVLQHVVLQIRUPDWLRQ
❒ <HVSOHDVHVSHFLI\BBBBBBBBBBB 1R ❒
M %URZVLQJWKH,QWHUQHW <HV ❒
No ❒
N 5HDGLQJHPDLOV <HV ❒
No
(l) Sending photographs or video clips <HV ❒
No ❒
P8SORDGLQJSKRWRJUDSKVRUYLGHRFOLSVWRZHEVLWHV <HV ❒
No
❒
(n) Downloading and/or watching television or video <HV ❒
No
❒
(o) Sending or receiving money <HV ❒
No
❒
❒
O 2WKHUPRELOHSKRQHVHUYLFHVRUDSSOLFDWLRQV3OHDVHLQGLFDWHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
3. Do you use pre-payment or post-payment for your mobKNe pJone!
(tick one)
D 3UHSDLG❒
E 3RVWSDLG❒
70
IV.
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
USE OF THE INTERNET
1. On averaIe JoY often FKF you use tJe Internet Kn tJe past 12 montJs for busKness reasons!
(tick one)
Every day or almost every day❒
$WOHDVWRQFHDZHHNEXWQRWHYHU\GD\❒
$WOHDVWRQFHDPRQWKEXWQRWHYHU\ZHHN❒
Less than once a month❒
Never❒
2. WJere Jave you accesseF tJe Internet Kn tJe past 3 montJs for busKness or personaN
reasons!
(tick all that apply)
(a) At home <HV ❒
No
❒
E $WSODFHRIZRUNRWKHUWKDQKRPH <HV ❒
No
❒
F $WDQRWKHUSHUVRQpVKRPHQHLJKERXUIULHQGRUUHODWLYHpVKRXVH <HV ❒
No ❒
G ,QWHUQHWFDIÆ,QWHUQHWNLRVNRURWKHUSXEOLF,QWHUQHWDFFHVVVLWH <HV ❒
No
❒
H $WDZRPDQpVHQWUHSUHQHXUVKLSDVVRFLDWLRQRUEXVLQHVVLQWHUPHGLDU\ <HV ❒
No
❒
I 3XEOLFOLEUDU\ <HV ❒
No ❒
J 3RVWDORIƄFH <HV ❒
No
❒
K +RWHO <HV ❒
No
❒
(i) Airport <HV ❒
No ❒
M 2WKHUORFDWLRQ3OHDVHLQGLFDWH
3. WJKcJ of tJe foNNoYKnI mobKNe FevKces Fo you use to access tJe Internet!
(tick all that apply)
D ,QWHUQHWHQDEOHGPRELOHSKRQH <HV ❒
No ❒
E /DSWRS <HV ❒
No ❒
F +DQGKHOGFRPSXWHURUUHODWHGPRELOHGHYLFH <HV ❒
No
❒
G 2WKHUGHYLFH3OHDVHLQGLFDWHBBBBBBBBB
4. Do you Jave an e-maKN aFFress!
Yes ❒ No ❒
5. Does your busKness Jave a YebsKte!
Yes ❒ No ❒
ANNEX 4
71
MODEL ICT-RELATED QUESTIONS FOR INCLUSION IN SURVEYS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS35
. For YJKcJ of tJe foNNoYKnI actKvKtKes FKF you use tJe Internet Kn tJe past 12 montJs for
your busKness!
(tick all that apply)
CommunKcatKon anF KnformatKon-sJarKnI
D 6HQGLQJUHFHLYLQJHPDLOV <HV ❒
No
❒
E 3DUWLFLSDWLQJLQVRFLDOQHWZRUNVIRUH[DPSOH)DFHERRN7ZLWWHU <HV ❒
No ❒
(c) Telephoning over the Internet <HV ❒
No
❒
G 9LGHRFDOOVYLDZHEFDPRYHUWKH,QWHUQHW <HV ❒
No
❒
H 3RVWLQJPHVVDJHVWRFKDWVLWHVQHZVJURXSVRUGLVFXVVLRQIRUXPV <HV ❒
No ❒
I 5HDGLQJZHEORJVRUEORJV <HV ❒
No ❒
J &UHDWLQJRUPDLQWDLQLQJRZQZHEORJRUEORJ <HV ❒
No
❒
InformatKon searcJ anF onNKne servKces
K )LQGLQJLQIRUPDWLRQDERXWJRRGVRUVHUYLFHV <HV ❒
No ❒
L 6HDUFKLQJIRUSRWHQWLDOFXVWRPHUV <HV ❒
No
❒
M 6HDUFKLQJIRUSRWHQWLDOVXSSOLHUV <HV ❒
No
❒
(k) Researching the market and competitors <HV ❒
No
❒
O 6HDUFKLQJIRULQQRYDWLYHLGHDVWRH[SDQGP\EXVLQHVV <HV ❒
No ❒
P'RZQORDGLQJEXVLQHVVVRIWZDUH <HV ❒
No
❒
Q &RQGXFWSURGXFWUHVHDUFK <HV ❒
No
❒
R 5HDGLQJRUGRZQORDGLQJQHZVSDSHUVQHZVPDJD]LQHV <HV ❒
No ❒
S 6HDUFKLQJIRULQYHVWRUVFUHGLWORDQVDQGRWKHUƄQDQFLQJRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUP\
EXVLQHVV <HV ❒
No
❒
T2WKHULQIRUPDWLRQVHDUFKRURQOLQHVHUYLFHVSHFLI\BBBBBBB <HV ❒
No
❒
(r) Selling goods or services online <HV ❒
No
❒
V3XUFKDVLQJRURUGHULQJJRRGVRUVHUYLFHV <HV ❒
No
❒
(t) Participating in professional networks <HV ❒
No
❒
X /RRNLQJIRULQIRUPDWLRQDERXWHGXFDWLRQWUDLQLQJRUFRXUVHRIIHUV <HV ❒
No ❒
Y 7DNLQJRQOLQHFRXUVHV <HV ❒
No
❒
(w) Other skills development <HV ❒
No
❒
[ ,QWHUQHWEDQNLQJRURWKHUƄQDQFHUHODWHGDSSOLFDWLRQ <HV ❒
No
❒
(y) Accessing government online information or services <HV ❒
No
❒
SaNes anF purcJases
NetYorMKnI traKnKnI anF eFucatKon
OtJer onNKne servKces
] 2WKHUVHUYLFH3OHDVHLQGLFDWHBBBBBB
72
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
V.
E-GOVERNMENT
1. WouNF you be KnteresteF to use tJe Internet or mobKNe-baseF appNKcatKons anF
servKces to repNace some of your personaN contacts YKtJ or vKsKts to pubNKc servKces or
aFmKnKstratKons!
(tick only one)
❒ <HV,DOUHDG\XVHWKLVSRVVLELOLW\
❒ <HV,ZRXOGEHLQWHUHVWHGEXW,DPFXUUHQWO\QRWDXVHU
❒
No
2 DurKnI tJe past 12 montJs FKF you use tJe Internet or a specKƂc mobKNe-baseF
appNKcatKon/servKce for KnteractKon YKtJ pubNKc autJorKtKes reNatKnI to
H[FOXGLQJLQWHUDFWLRQYLDHPDLOV
BusKness reIKstratKon
D 2EWDLQLQIRUPDWLRQIURPSXEOLFDXWKRULWLHVpZHEVLWHVRUKRPHSDJHV" <HV ❒
No ❒
E 2EWDLQIRUPVIURPSXEOLFDXWKRULWLHVpZHEVLWHVRUKRPHSDJHV" <HV ❒
No
❒
F 6XEPLWFRPSOHWHGIRUPVRUUHJLVWHULQIRUPDWLRQHOHFWURQLFDOO\" <HV ❒
No
❒
G0DNHHOHFWURQLFSD\PHQWLIUHTXLUHG" <HV ❒
No ❒
EmpNoyee reIKstratKon or reIKstratKon for Kncome taZ anF/or socKaN securKty
D2EWDLQLQIRUPDWLRQIURPSXEOLFDXWKRULWLHVpZHEVLWHVRUKRPHSDJHV" <HV ❒
No
❒
E2EWDLQIRUPVIURPSXEOLFDXWKRULWLHVpZHEVLWHVRUKRPHSDJHV" <HV ❒
No ❒
F6XEPLWFRPSOHWHGIRUPVRUUHJLVWHULQIRUPDWLRQHOHFWURQLFDOO\" <HV ❒
No
❒
G0DNHHOHFWURQLFSD\PHQWLIUHTXLUHG" <HV ❒
No
❒
OtJer aFmKnKstratKve proceFures. 3OHDVHLQGLFDWHBBBBBBBB
D2EWDLQLQIRUPDWLRQIURPSXEOLFDXWKRULWLHVpZHEVLWHVRUKRPHSDJHV" <HV ❒
No ❒
E2EWDLQIRUPVIURPSXEOLFDXWKRULWLHVpZHEVLWHVRUKRPHSDJHV" <HV ❒
No
❒
F6XEPLWFRPSOHWHGIRUPVRUUHJLVWHULQIRUPDWLRQHOHFWURQLFDOO\" <HV ❒
No
❒
G0DNHHOHFWURQLFSD\PHQWLIUHTXLUHG" <HV ❒
No ❒
3. Has your busKness useF or attempteF to use tJe Internet for accessKnI
tenFer Focuments anF specKƂcatKons Kn eNectronKc procurement systems of
pubNKc autJorKtKes!
Yes ❒ No ❒
4. Has your busKness useF or attempteF to use tJe Internet for offerKnI IooFs
or servKces Kn pubNKc autJorKtKes’ eNectronKc procurement systems Kn your
country e-tenFerKnI!
Yes ❒ No ❒
ANNEX 4
VI.
73
MODEL ICT-RELATED QUESTIONS FOR INCLUSION IN SURVEYS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS35
E-SKILLS
1. Do you aIree or FKsaIree YKtJ tJe foNNoYKnI statements about your sMKNNs Kn usKnI mobKNe
pJones computers anF Internet!
a MobKNe pJones
,DPDZDUHRIWKHGLIIHUHQWZD\VLQZKLFK,FDQXVHDPRELOHLQP\EXVLQHVV ❒ Agree
❒
Disagree
,DPFRQƄGHQWDERXWP\VNLOOVLQXVLQJDPRELOHSKRQHIRUP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree
❒
Disagree
,DPLQWHUHVWHGLQOHDUQLQJWKHVNLOOVWRXVHPRELOHSKRQHVLQP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree
❒
Disagree
,DPDZDUHRIWKHGLIIHUHQWZD\VLQZKLFK,FDQXVHDFRPSXWHULQP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree ❒
Disagree
,DPFRQƄGHQWDERXWP\VNLOOVLQXVLQJDFRPSXWHUIRUP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree ❒
Disagree
,DPLQWHUHVWHGLQOHDUQLQJWKHVNLOOVWRXVHDFRPSXWHULQP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree ❒
Disagree
,DPDZDUHRIWKHGLIIHUHQWZD\VLQZKLFK,FDQXVHWKH,QWHUQHWIRUP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree ❒
Disagree
,DPFRQƄGHQWDERXWP\VNLOOVLQXVLQJWKH,QWHUQHWIRUP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree ❒
Disagree
,DPLQWHUHVWHGLQOHDUQLQJWKHVNLOOVWRXVHWKH,QWHUQHWIRUP\EXVLQHVV ❒
Agree
❒
Disagree
b Computers
c TJe Internet
2. WJen FKF you Nast taMe a traKnKnI course of at Neast 3 Jours Kn one sKttKnI or spreaF out
over a number of YeeMs on some aspect of ICT use!
(tick only only)
Never taken one❒
:LWKLQWKHODVWPRQWKV❒
Between 3 months and a year ago❒
Between 1 and 3 years ago❒
0RUHWKDQ\HDUVDJR❒
3. If you Jave never taMen a ICT-reNateF course YJat are tJe maKn reasons!
(tick all that apply)
D 1RQHHGWRWDNHRQHEHFDXVHP\,&7VNLOOVDUHVXIƄFLHQW <HV ❒
No ❒
E 1RQHHGWRWDNHRQHEHFDXVH,UDUHO\XVH,&7V <HV ❒
No
❒
F (QJDJHPHQWLQVHOIVWXG\RUDVVLVWDQFHIURPRWKHUV <HV ❒
No
❒
(c) Lack of time <HV ❒
No
❒
G &RXUVHFRVWV <HV ❒
No ❒
H 1RVXLWDEOHRIIHUDYDLODEOH <HV ❒
No
❒
I &RXUVHVDUHWRRGLIƄFXOW <HV ❒
No
❒
J 1RWDZDUHRIDQ\UHOHYDQWFRXUVHV <HV ❒
No ❒
74
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs through Information and Communications Technologies
4. In YJKcJ of tJe foNNoYKnI ICT areas YouNF you NKMe to receKve traKnKnI for your busKness!
(please select and prioritize to the top 3)
D +RZWRVHQGDQGUHFHLYH606 <HV ❒
No
❒
E +RZWRXVH,QWHUQHWRQPRELOHSKRQH <HV ❒
No ❒
F +RZWRXVHDPRELOHSKRQHIRUEXVLQHVVQHHGVIRUH[DPSOHDFFHVVLQJPDUNHW
JHWWLQJXVHIXOLQIRUPDWLRQWUDQVIHUULQJPRQH\ <HV ❒
No
❒
G +RZWRXVHDFRPSXWHUPRUHIRUEXVLQHVVQHHGVIRUH[DPSOHERRNNHHSLQJ
inventory keeping) <HV ❒
No
❒
H +RZWRXVHWKH,QWHUQHWIRUEXVLQHVVIRUH[DPSOHPDUNHWLQJSURPRWLRQVDOH
DFFHVVLQJXVHIXOZHEVLWHV <HV ❒
No
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No
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No
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E +RZWRGRPDUNHWUHVHDUFKRQOLQH <HV ❒
No
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F +RZWRSURPRWH\RXUSURGXFWVRUVHUYLFHVXVLQJWKH,QWHUQHW <HV ❒
No
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G +RZWRVHDUFKIRUVXSSOLHUVRQOLQH <HV ❒
No
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No
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online <HV ❒
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No ❒
(g) Others, please specify______________
. Have you ever partKcKpateF Kn a traKnKnI proIramme tJat Yas FeNKvereF
over tJe Internet or over mobKNe pJone!
Yes ❒ No ❒
Photo credit: Marie Sicat
Printed at United Nations, Geneva – GE.14-50156 – March 2014 – 1,145 – UNCTAD/DTL/STICT/2013/2/Rev.1