2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Author: Karen Small
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
Strategic Information Branch
January 2008
2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Table of Contents
1
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................6
2
Methodology .....................................................................................................................................6
3
Demographic Profile .........................................................................................................................6
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
Population Group ......................................................................................................................6
Age Profile ................................................................................................................................7
Dependency Ratio and Index of Ageing ....................................................................................7
Education..........................................................................................................................................8
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
5
Adult Literacy ............................................................................................................................8
Level of Education of Adults ......................................................................................................8
Attendance at Educational Institutions.......................................................................................9
Problems Experienced at Educational Institutions ...................................................................10
Annual Tuition Fees and Bursaries .........................................................................................11
Non attendance at Educational Institutions .............................................................................11
Health .............................................................................................................................................12
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
6
Incidence of Illness and Injuries ..............................................................................................12
Health Worker Consultations ...................................................................................................13
Satisfaction with Health Worker Consultations ........................................................................15
Reasons for not Consulting a Health Worker...........................................................................16
Access to Medical Aid and Payment for Services ....................................................................16
Disabilities ......................................................................................................................................17
6.1
6.2
7
Incidence of Disabilities ...........................................................................................................17
Type of Disability .....................................................................................................................17
Welfare Services.............................................................................................................................18
7.1
7.2
8
Use of Welfare Services ..........................................................................................................18
Welfare Grants ........................................................................................................................19
Households.....................................................................................................................................20
8.1
8.2
8.3
9
Number of Households ...........................................................................................................20
Household Size .......................................................................................................................20
Head of Households................................................................................................................21
Dwellings ........................................................................................................................................22
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
11
11.1
11.2
Type of Dwelling .....................................................................................................................22
Materials used for the Construction of Dwellings .....................................................................23
Condition of Dwellings.............................................................................................................24
Ownership ...............................................................................................................................26
Rent Paid for Dwellings ...........................................................................................................26
Number of Rooms per Household ...........................................................................................27
Overcrowding ..........................................................................................................................27
Water ..........................................................................................................................................28
Main Source of Water .............................................................................................................28
Quality of the Water ................................................................................................................29
Payment for Water ..................................................................................................................30
Evaluation of Municipal Water Service ....................................................................................31
Interruption of Water Supply ....................................................................................................31
Toilet Facilities ............................................................................................................................32
Type of Toilet Facility ..............................................................................................................32
Distance to Nearest Toilet Facility ...........................................................................................33
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
11.3
11.4
12
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
13
13.1
14
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
15
15.1
15.2
Shared Toilet Facilities ............................................................................................................33
Households using Bucket Toilets ............................................................................................34
Source of Energy ........................................................................................................................34
Connection to Mains Electricity ...............................................................................................34
Source of Energy for Lighting ..................................................................................................35
Source of Energy for Cooking .................................................................................................36
Source of Energy for Heating ..................................................................................................36
Refuse and Waste ......................................................................................................................37
Refuse Removal .....................................................................................................................37
Household Income and Expenditure ...........................................................................................38
Main Source of Income ...........................................................................................................38
Total Monthly Household Expenditure .....................................................................................38
Monthly Expenditure on Housing .............................................................................................39
Monthly Expenditure on Transport ..........................................................................................40
Monthly Expenditure on Food .................................................................................................40
Communication ...........................................................................................................................41
Access to Telephones .............................................................................................................41
Mail Deliveries .........................................................................................................................42
16
Household Goods Owned ...........................................................................................................43
17
Transport ....................................................................................................................................43
17.1
17.2
17.3
18
18.1
18.2
Motor Car Ownership ..............................................................................................................43
Type of Transport Used...........................................................................................................44
Travelling Times ......................................................................................................................46
Hunger ........................................................................................................................................49
Adults Experiencing Hunger ....................................................................................................49
Children Experiencing Hunger.................................................................................................49
19
Crime ..........................................................................................................................................50
20
Environmental Issues ..................................................................................................................51
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.5
21
Environmental Problems Experienced.....................................................................................51
Saving the Environment ..........................................................................................................52
Waste Recycling .....................................................................................................................53
Reasons for Recycling Waste .................................................................................................53
Reasons for not Recycling Waste ...........................................................................................54
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................55
List of Appendices
Appendix A – Weighting of the GHS .......................................................................................................56
Appendix B – Total Population and Number of Households ....................................................................56
Appendix C – Age by Population Group and Gender ..............................................................................57
Appendix D – Adult Level of Education ...................................................................................................58
Appendix E – Educational Institutions Attended ......................................................................................59
Appendix F – Main Material used for the Walls and Roof of Dwellings....................................................60
Appendix G – Condition of the Walls and Roof of Dwellings ...................................................................61
Appendix H - Number of Persons per Household by Number of Rooms Occupied in the Dwelling .........62
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List of Tables
Table 1: Households and individuals sampled ..........................................................................................6
Table 2: Dependency ratio and index of ageing ........................................................................................7
Table 3: Dependency ratio and index of ageing by population group for Cape Town ................................8
Table 4: Number of persons per household by number of rooms occupied in the dwelling .....................28
List of Figures
Figure 1: Population by population group and gender ...............................................................................6
Figure 2: Age and gender .........................................................................................................................7
Figure 3: Highest educational level attained by adults ..............................................................................8
Figure 4: Attendance at educational institutions ........................................................................................9
Figure 5: Travel time to educational institutions ......................................................................................10
Figure 6: Problems experienced in educational institutions .....................................................................10
Figure 7: Annual tuition fees ...................................................................................................................11
Figure 8: Some reasons for youth not attending an educational institution .............................................11
Figure 9: Reasons for those aged 15 to 19 years not attending an educational institution ......................12
Figure 10: Nature of illness or injury .......................................................................................................13
Figure 11: Health worker consultations during June 2006.......................................................................14
Figure 12: Where health worker consultations took place .......................................................................14
Figure 13: Where households usually seek medical help........................................................................15
Figure 14: Level of satisfaction with service received from health care workers ......................................15
Figure 15: Reasons for not consulting a health worker ...........................................................................16
Figure 16: Payment for service from health care workers .......................................................................16
Figure 17: Number of disabilities ............................................................................................................17
Figure 18: Type of disability ....................................................................................................................17
Figure 19: Type of welfare service used .................................................................................................18
Figure 20: Level of satisfaction with service at welfare offices ................................................................19
Figure 21: Welfare grants .......................................................................................................................19
Figure 22: Number of persons per household .........................................................................................20
Figure 23: Age and gender of household head .......................................................................................21
Figure 24: Age and gender of household head by population group .......................................................21
Figure 25: Dwelling type .........................................................................................................................22
Figure 26: Main material used for the walls of dwellings .........................................................................23
Figure 27: Main material used for the roof of dwellings ...........................................................................24
Figure 28: Condition of the walls and roof of dwellings ...........................................................................24
Figure 29: Condition of the walls of dwellings by population group .........................................................25
Figure 30: Condition of the roof of dwellings by population group ...........................................................25
Figure 31: Dwelling ownership ................................................................................................................26
Figure 32: Monthly rental paid for dwellings ............................................................................................26
Figure 33: Number of rooms per dwelling ...............................................................................................27
Figure 34: Main source of water .............................................................................................................28
Figure 35: Water quality..........................................................................................................................29
Figure 36: Households who treat their drinking water .............................................................................29
Figure 37: Reasons why Black Africans and Coloureds do not pay for water..........................................30
Figure 38: Evaluation of municipal water service ....................................................................................31
Figure 39: Frequency of interruptions of piped water ..............................................................................31
Figure 40: Causes of piped water interruptions for Black African households .........................................32
Figure 41: Type of toilet facility available ................................................................................................33
Figure 42: Toilet facility shared with other households............................................................................34
Figure 43: Connection to mains electricity ..............................................................................................34
Figure 44: Households receiving free electricity ......................................................................................35
Figure 45: Main source of energy used for lighting .................................................................................35
Figure 46: Main source of energy used for cooking ................................................................................36
Figure 47: Main source of energy used for heating .................................................................................37
Figure 48: Refuse removal for Black African households ........................................................................37
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Figure 49: Main source of household income .........................................................................................38
Figure 50: Monthly household expenditure .............................................................................................39
Figure 51: Percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on housing ....................................................39
Figure 52: Percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on transport ..................................................40
Figure 53: Percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on food .........................................................41
Figure 54: Access to telephones.............................................................................................................42
Figure 55: How households receive their mail ........................................................................................42
Figure 56: Household goods owned .......................................................................................................43
Figure 57: Households having a motor car .............................................................................................43
Figure 58: Type of transport used to get to school ..................................................................................44
Figure 59: Type of transport used to get to a clinic, hospital and welfare office .......................................45
Figure 60: Type of transport used to get to a food market, post office and public transport.....................46
Figure 61: Travelling times to get to school.............................................................................................47
Figure 62: Travelling times to get to a clinic, hospital and welfare office .................................................47
Figure 63: Travelling times to get to a food market, post office and public transport ...............................48
Figure 64: Adults who went hungry in the past 12 months ......................................................................49
Figure 65: Children who went hungry in the past 12 months in households having children ...................50
Figure 66: Crimes experienced by households in the past 12 months ....................................................51
Figure 67: Environmental problems experienced by households ............................................................52
Figure 68: Measures taken to save the environment ..............................................................................52
Figure 69: Waste items collected for recycling ........................................................................................53
Figure 70: Reasons for collecting waste for recycling .............................................................................54
Figure 71: Reasons for not collecting waste for recycling .......................................................................54
Citation: City of Cape Town (2008), Strategic Development Information and GIS Department, 2006
General Household Survey Analysis, Karen Small, 63 pages.
2006 General Household Survey data supplied by Statistics South Africa.
Disclaimer: Please be advised that the sample sizes within individual categories are small and as a
result statistical confidence in using these data is limited.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
1
Introduction
The General Household Survey (GHS) captures a wide range of information in order to measure
various aspects of the living circumstances of households. This report focuses on households in
Cape Town and in particular on education, health, housing and access to services and facilities,
Due to the small number of Asians in Cape Town (only three households were included in the
sample) they will not be included in the analysis.
2
Methodology
The GHS is conducted in July each year by Statistics South Africa on a national scale and is
stratified on a District Council basis. The master sample was a multi-stage stratified sample with
an overall sample size of 3000 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs). The PSUs were allocated to the
53 district councils using the power allocation method. Finally the PSUs were sampled using
probability proportional to size principles. A two-stage weighting procedure was also done on the
data. The details can be found in Appendix A.
Prior to 2005 the master sample was stratified on a Provincial basis and it is only from that year
that it has been possible to analyse the data for Cape Town.
Black African
Coloured
Households
244
282
Individuals
862
1,216
Table 1: Households and individuals sampled
Asian
3
8
White
136
343
Total
665
2,429
The number of households and individuals sampled for Cape Town are given in Table 1.
3
3.1
Demographic Profile
Population Group
The GHS estimates the population to be 3.23 million of which 49.9% are males and 50.1%
females. The largest percentage of the population are Coloured (48.5%), followed by the Black
African (32.9%) and the White (18.6%) groups.
Male
Female
24.2%
24.1%
30%
25%
20%
15.9%
16.8%
15%
9.6%
10%
8.9%
5%
0%
Black African
Coloured
White
Figure 1: Population by population group and gender
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Even though the total number of females is larger than the number of males this is only true of
Black Africans where 16.8% are female and 15.9% male (see Figure 1). For the Coloureds there
are 0.1% more males than females and 0.7% more males than females for Whites. Further details
can be found in Appendix B.
3.2
Age Profile
Male
Female
Age in Years
85+
80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
6%and
5%gender
4% 3% 2% 1% 0% 1% 2%
Figure 2: Age
3%
4%
5%
6%
As can be seen from Figure 2 the largest number (11.1%) of people is in the 25 to 29 years group
with the same percentage of males and females. For those under the age of 20 years there are
more males than females in all age groups except 0 to 4 years. Females outnumber males in all
the age groups starting at 60 years. Males show a significant drop in the number of males in the
36 to 39 years age group compared to the 30 to 34 age group and the number is then constant for
the next two age groups. From 30 years females show a drop in numbers until the 45 to 49 years
group where there is an increase. Females have another increase in the 60 to 64 years group.
The details of the age distribution by population group can be found in Appendix C.
3.3
Dependency Ratio and Index of Ageing
The youth (0 to 14 years) are 26.9% of the population and 4.8% are aged 65 years and older. As a
result 68.3% of the population are in the economically active group (15 to 64 Years).
The median age, 26 years, is the age of that person at the mid-point of the age distribution and is
an indication of the young character of the population. The average age is 28.79 years.
South
Western
Cape
Johannesburg Pretoria
Durban
Africa
Cape
Town
Dependency Ratio
59.38
48.42
46.49
39.54
40.74
44.87
Index of Ageing
15.65
17.74
17.92
13.71
20.42
18.79
Table 2: Dependency ratio and index of ageing
The dependency ratio provides a measure of the number of people in the potential labour force
(economically active group) as compared to those in the “dependent” groups, the youth and the
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aged. The lower the ratio the lower the number of youth and aged who are dependent on the
potential labour force. For Cape Town the dependency ratio is 46.49. This is significantly lower
than that for South Africa and also lower than that for the Western Cape (see Table 2). Compared
to the other large metropolitan areas Cape Town has the highest dependency ratio with
Johannesburg being the lowest at 39.54.
The index of ageing provides a measure of the number of aged relative to the number of youth.
The higher the index the larger the number of aged in proportion to youth. The index of ageing for
Cape Town is 17.92 and this is higher than that for South Africa and the Western Cape (see Table
2). For the other large metropolitan areas both Pretoria and Durban have more aged in proportion
to youth than Cape Town. Johannesburg has the lowest ratio with 13.7 aged for every youth.
Black African
Coloured
White
Total
Dependency Ratio
48.26
48.94
37.96
46.49
Index of Ageing
7.45
17.10
48.20
17.92
Median Age (Years)
23
26
37
26
Average Age (Years)
24.15
28.82
36.70
28.49
Table 3: Dependency ratio and index of ageing by population group for Cape Town
The dependency ratio shows a significant variation for the different population groups where
Whites have a lower ratio than either Coloureds or Black Africans (see Table 3). The variation is
even greater for the index of ageing where Whites have 48 aged, Coloureds 17 and Black Africans
only 7 for every 100 youth. With a median age of 23 years this again illustrates a far more youthful
population of the Black Africans compared to that of the Whites.
4
4.1
Education
Adult Literacy
Of the adult (aged 20 years and older) population 2.2% are unable to read at least one language
and 2.4% are unable to write at least one language. All Whites are able to read and write at least
one language. 2.2% of Coloureds are not able to read and write at least one language. For Black
Africans 3.7% are not able to read and 4.5% are not able to write at least one language.
4.2
Level of Education of Adults
Black African
Coloured
White
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
No
Schooling
Grade 0-5
Grade 6-7
Grade 8-11
Grade 12
NTC I-III
Diploma or
Certificate
Degree
Figure 3: Highest educational level attained by adults
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Figure 3 shows the highest level of education attained by adults. All Whites have completed at
least Grade 8 with 46.8% having completed grade 12 and 35.7% have a certificate, diploma or
degree. The picture is very different for Black Africans and Coloureds with 22.9% and 23.4%
respectively having completed Grade 12 and 6.0% and 7.0% respectively having completed a
certificate, diploma or degree. For both Black Africans (47.5%) and Coloureds (42.2%) the highest
percentage are those who have completed Grade 8 to 11. 3.5% of Black Africans have not
completed any schooling. Details of adult level of education by population group and gender are in
Appendix D.
4.3
Attendance at Educational Institutions
Of the total population 27.8% are attending an educational institution with 30.3% of Black Africans,
26.5% of Coloureds and 27.1% of Whites attending.
Black African
Coloured
White
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Pre-school
School
University
Technikon
College
Adult
Education
Class
Other
Figure 4: Attendance at educational institutions
For those who do attend an educational institution the majority are attending school. Black
Africans (82.5%) have the highest percentage followed by Coloureds (79.0%) and Whites (65.7%)
as is shown in Figure 4. Between 12.3% (Black Africans) and 10.2% (Whites) attend pre-school
and this includes day care, crèche and pre-primary. Whites have the largest percentage (13.6%)
attending university followed by Coloureds (3.8%) and Black Africans (0.9%). The pattern is
similar for college with 5.8% of Whites, 2.2% of Black Africans and 1.9% of Coloureds. Details of
attendance at educational institutions by population group and gender can be found in Appendix E.
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Black African
57.1%
60%
50%
Coloured
White
56.1%
43.8%
36.4%
40%
28.4%
26.1%
30%
19.9%
20%
17.8%
14.4%
10%
0%
Less than 15 minutes
15 to 30 minutes
More than 30 minutes
Figure 5: Travel time to educational institutions
Travelling time to educational institutions is less than 15 minutes for 47.0% of those attending, 15
to 30 minutes for 36% and more than 30 minutes for 17%. The highest percentage of Coloureds
(57.1%) and Black Africans (43.9%) travel for less than 15 minutes, while for whites (56.1%) it is
between 15 and 30 minutes (see Figure 5). For all population groups the lowest percentage
travelled is more than 30 minutes.
4.4
Problems Experienced at Educational Institutions
Black African
Coloured
White
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
Lack of
books
Poor
teaching
Lack of
teachers
Facilities in Fees too high Classes too
bad condition
large
Other
Figure 6: Problems experienced in educational institutions
Problems experienced by those attending educational institutions are shown in Figure 6. With the
exception of poor teaching, Coloureds experience the highest percentage of dissatisfaction in all
problem categories, where 19.5% have fees too high, 19.2% have classes too large and 9.4%
have a lack of books. For Whites the highest percentage is for poor teaching (10.1%) followed by
classes too large (5.1%) and lack of teachers (4.4%). Lack of books (4.1%) is the problem most
experienced by Black Africans, followed by fees too high (3.1%) and classes too large (2.8%).
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4.5
Annual Tuition Fees and Bursaries
Black African
Coloured
White
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
None
R1 to
R100
R101 to
R200
R201 to
R300
R301 to
R500
R501 to
R1 000
R1 001 to R2 001 to R3 001 to R4 001 to R8 001 to R12 001+
R2 000
R3 000
R4 000
R8 000 R12 000
Figure 7: Annual tuition fees
Only 3.0% of those attending educational institutions pay no tuition fees. This fee does not include
the cost of uniforms, books and other learning materials. As can be seen from Figure 7, the
majority of Black Africans pay under R200 a year, with 46.7% paying under R100 and 19.4%
paying between R101 and R200. The largest percentage of Whites (37.4%) pay between R4 001
and R8 000 a year followed by 14.9% paying over R12 000. For Coloureds who are paying tuition
fees, 69.4% pay R1 000 or less a year with the highest percentage of 17.7 % paying between
R101 and R200.
For those attending educational institutions 6.7% benefited from bursaries or exemptions. The
percentage was lowest for Black Africans (2.0%) and highest for Coloureds (10.1%) with 7.1% of
Whites receiving this benefit.
4.6
Non attendance at Educational Institutions
Of all the youth (aged 14 years and younger) 29.5% are not attending an educational institution.
Of the youth who are not attending 97.9% do not attend because they are too young. For those
who are not attending all the Whites gave the reason as too young. This was also the reason
given by 97.0% of Black Africans and 98.3% of Coloureds.
Black African
2.0%
1.8%
1.6%
1.4%
1.2%
1.0%
0.8%
0.6%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
Coloured
1.7%
1.3%
0.9%
0.8%
No money for
fees
Working
Education is
useless or
uninteresting
Illness
Figure 8: Some reasons for youth not attending an educational institution
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Figure 8 shows the reasons, other than they are too young, why the youth are not attending
educational institutions. For Black Africans 1.3% are already working and 1.7% are not attending
due to illness. For Coloureds 0.8% do not have money for fees and 0.9% indicated that education
is useless or uninteresting.
For those aged 15 to 19 years 33.0% are not attending an educational institution. Of those who
are not attending 24.5% have no money for fees, 21.6% indicated that education is useless or
uninteresting and 14.9% are already working. The highest percentage of Coloureds (41.8%) are
not attending an educational institution, followed by 32.2% of Black Africans and 5.9% of Whites.
Black African
Coloured
White
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Other
Family
commitment
Failed exams
Pregnancy
Illness
Education is
useless or
uninteresting
Working
No money for
fees
Completed
education
Too Old
0%
Figure 9: Reasons for those aged 15 to 19 years not attending an educational institution
Figure 9 shows the main reason why those aged 15 to 19 are not attending an educational
institution and gives a very different picture for each of the population groups. For Whites 58% are
already working and 42% have completed their education. For Black Africans the main reason is
having no money for fees (49.4%), followed by illness (17.4%), already working (11.9%) and family
commitment, such as child minding (10.0%). Education being useless or uninteresting (33.0%) is
the reason with the highest percentage for Coloureds, followed by working (14.9%) and then
having completed their education (13.5%).
5
5.1
Health
Incidence of Illness and Injuries
A total of 10.2% of the population had suffered from an illness or injury during the month prior to
the survey. The percentage varies with the different population groups with Whites (13.1%) having
the highest, followed by coloureds (11.3%) and Black Africans (7.0%) having the lowest.
For those who suffered illness or injury 96.4% of Whites, 95.7% of Black Africans and 86.3% of
Coloureds had only one occurrence. For those having more than one illness or injury Coloureds
were the highest with 11.1% having two and 2.6% having three occurrences. No White of Black
African has three occurrences.
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Black African
Coloured
White
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Flu or acute
respiratory
tract
infection
Diarrhea
Severe
trauma
TB or severe Depression
cough with or mental
blood
illness
Diabetes
High or low Other illness
blood
or injury
pressure
Figure 10: Nature of illness or injury
For all population groups the incidence of flu or acute respiratory infection was the highest with
62.6% for Whites, 42.4% for Coloureds and 37.5% for Black Africans (see Figure 10). “Other”
illness or injury was the next highest for all the population groups. Coloureds showed a
significantly higher percentage (19.3%) for high or low blood pressure than Black Africans (8.7%)
or Whites (3.8%). Depression or mental illness was very much higher for Black Africans (18.3%)
than for either of he other population groups. Black Africans showed the highest incidence of
Tuberculosis (TB) with 7.9% followed by Coloureds with 3.9%. No Whites indicated that they
suffered from TB.
Due to the small number of people indicating that they had suffered from HIV/AIDS and substance
abuse they are not included in the above graph. Coloureds were the only population group
indicating that they suffered from HIV/AIDS (1.2%) and abuse of alcohol or drugs (0.9%). No one
indicated that they suffered from other sexually transmitted diseases.
5.2
Health Worker Consultations
Of those who had an illness or injury during the month prior to the survey 85.8% consulted a health
worker such as a nurse, doctor or traditional healer. The percentage was highest for Black
Africans (97.1%), followed by Coloureds (84.6%) and then Whites (77.9%).
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
95.7%
100%
91.2%
90%
80%
71.3%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
24.4%
20%
10%
4.2%
1.3%
4.5% 4.3%
1.5%
1.5%
0%
Nurse
Doctor
Medical Specialist
Pharmacist
Spiritual Healer
Figure 11: Health worker consultations during June 2006
The kind of health worker consulted is shown in Figure 11. As can be seen the majority consulted
a doctor with Whites the highest (95.7%) followed by Coloureds (91.2%) and then Black Africans
(71.3%). For whites the only other type of health worker consulted was a medical specialist.
Coloureds consulted a medical specialist (4.5%) and a nurse (4.2%). A significantly larger number
of Black Africans (24.4%) consulted a nurse while a few consulted a pharmacist or a spiritual
healer.
Black African
Coloured
White
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Public
Hospital
Public
Clinic
Other Public
Sector
Private
Hospital
Private
Clinic
Private
Doctor or
Specialist
Spiritual
Healer
Pharmacy
Figure 12: Where health worker consultations took place
As can be seen from Figure 12 the place where health worker consultations take place show large
differences for the different population groups. Most Black Africans visit public clinics (53.7%) with
29.8% consulting a private doctor or specialist and 13.5% visiting a public hospital. Coloureds
make the greatest use of public hospitals (45.9%) followed by private doctor or specialist (22.3%)
and then a public clinic (15.7%). The majority of Whites consulted a private doctor or specialist
(57.6%) and 17.3% visited a private hospital. Whites also visited public clinics (14.0%) and public
hospitals (11.1%).
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Households were also asked where they would usually first seek medical help should a member of
the household get ill. Of all households 54.0% would first visit a public sector facility.
Black African
Coloured
White
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Public
Hospital
Public
Clinic
Other
Public
Private
Hospital
Private
Clinic
Private
Doctor
Traditional Pharmacy Employer
Healer
Health
Facility
Figure 13: Where households usually seek medical help
Public sector facilities are the first choice for Black African (74.7%) and Coloured (62.9%)
households should they get ill. On the other hand 86.0% of White households would first go to a
private institution (see figure 13). For Black African households the highest percentage would seek
medical help at a public clinic (58.7%) followed by a private doctor (23.2%) and then a public
hospital (16.0%). For Coloured households 31.3% would visit a public hospital, 28.6% a private
doctor and 20.1% a public clinic. 59.5% of White households would seek help at a private doctor
and 19.4% at a private hospital.
5.3
Satisfaction with Health Worker Consultations
Black African
90%
Coloured
White
88.0%
81.0%
80%
70%
60%
51.6%
50%
35.4%
40%
30%
20%
14.0%
12.0%
10%
5.0% 2.9%
4.3%
5.8%
Somwhat
dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
0%
Very satisfied
Somewhat
satisfied
Neither satisfied
nor dissatified
Figure 14: Level of satisfaction with service received from health care workers
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
In general all population groups indicated that they are satisfied with the level of service received
from health care workers (see Figure 14). Only Coloureds indicated that they are very dissatisfied
(5.8%) or somewhat dissatisfied (4.3%) with the service received from health care workers. For
both Black Africans and Whites over 80% indicated that they are very satisfied with the service
they received from health care workers.
5.4
Reasons for not Consulting a Health Worker
Black African
Coloured
White
100.0%
100%
87.0%
90%
80%
73.1%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
17.9%
20%
10%
7.9%
9.0%
5.1%
0%
Too expensive
Too far
Not necessary
Other
Figure 15: Reasons for not consulting a health worker
Those who suffered an illness or injury in the month prior to the survey and did not consult a health
worker were asked their reason for not doing so. All the Black Africans, 87.0% of Coloureds and
73.1% of Whites indicated that it was not necessary (see Figure 15). A total of 16.9% indicated
that it was too expensive and 5.1% indicated that it was too far to travel to get to a health worker.
5.5
Access to Medical Aid and Payment for Services
Only 19.7% of the population are covered by medical aid, a medical benefit scheme or some other
private health insurance. These schemes may cover the medical expenses partially or fully.
Whites have the highest cover of 55.7% followed by Coloureds at 17.5%. Only 2.6% of Black
Africans have any medical cover.
Black African
Coloured
White
100.0%
100%
90%
83.9%
97.5% 97.2%
81.1%
80%
70%
58.7%
60%
50%
41.3%
40%
30%
20%
16.1% 18.0%
10%
2.5%
0.9%
2.8%
0%
Yes
No
Don't Know
Yes
Public Sector
No
Private Sector
Figure 16: Payment for service from health care workers
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Figure 16 shows that almost all those using the private sector for health worker consultations pay
for this service. For those using public hospitals and clinics, 83.9% of Black Africans, 81.1% of
Coloureds and 58.7% of Whites do not pay for this service.
6
6.1
Disabilities
Incidence of Disabilities
A person is considered to be disabled when their daily activities at home, work or school are limited
by a long-term condition lasting six months or more. The survey shows that 2.6% of the population
suffer from at least one disability. The percentages vary for the different population groups with
3.8% of Coloureds, 2.3% of Black Africans and 1.4% of Whites being disabled.
Black African
Coloured
White
100.0%
100%
94.7%
85.9%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
11.5%
5.3%
10%
2.7%
0%
One
Two
Three
Figure 17: Number of disabilities
For those who are disabled the majority have only one disability as can be seen from Figure 17.
Coloureds have the highest incidence of multiple disabilities with 11.5% having two and 2.7%
having three. For Black Africans 5.3% have two disabilities.
6.2
Type of Disability
Black African
Coloured
White
Total
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Sight
Hearing
Physical
Intellectual
Emotional
Other
Multiple
Figure 18: Type of disability
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Of those suffering from a disability the highest percentage, 35.1%, have a physical disability which
includes the need for a wheelchair, crutches or prosthesis or a limb or hand usage limitation (see
Figure 18). An intellectual disability is the next most common (20.5%) and includes serious
difficulty in learning and mental retardation. 20.5% indicated that the disability was “other”. Of
those with disabilities 10.5% have multiple disabilities.
Coloureds have the highest percentage (40.4%) of physical disabilities. Both Whites (37.5%) and
Black Africans (34.5%) have “other” with the highest percentage.
7
7.1
Welfare Services
Use of Welfare Services
The percentage of people making use of a welfare office or service in the 12 months prior to the
survey was 11.8%. It varied for the different population groups with 14.5% of Black Africans, 12.8%
of Coloureds and 4.4% of Whites using a welfare office or service.
Black African
Coloured
97.1%
100%
White
94.8%
90.5%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
6.2%
9.1%
0.6%
0%
Social Worker
Social Grant
Poverty Relief
Figure 19: Type of welfare service used
As can be seen from Figure 19, the majority of people in all population groups made use of social
grants. 9.1% of Coloureds and 6.2% of Black Africans went to a social worker and 0.6% of
Coloureds applied for poverty relief.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
100%
Coloured
White
91.9%
90%
80%
70%
60.6%
60%
50%
38.5%
40%
33.6%
30%
22.6%
20.0%
20%
9.1%
10%
2.3%
0.7%
2.1% 4.1%
0.7% 0.8%
2.3%
5.4% 5.2%
0%
Very satisfied
Somewhat
satisfied
Neither satisfied
nor dissatisfied
Somewhat
dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
Unspecified
Figure 20: Level of satisfaction with service at welfare offices
Black Africans were satisfied with the services and assistance rendered at the welfare offices with
91.9% being very satisfied (see Figure 20). Coloureds also had a high level of satisfaction (80.6%)
with 60.6% being very satisfied. The highest percentage of Whites was neither satisfied nor
dissatisfied (38.5%) and only 22.6% were very satisfied. 4.9% of Coloureds and 2.8% of Black
Africans were dissatisfied with the service rendered.
7.2
Welfare Grants
A total of 12.9% of the population are receiving welfare grants. There is a variation across the
population groups with 20.0% of Black Africans, 11.4% of Coloureds and 4.4% of Whites receiving
grants.
Black African
90%
Coloured
White
82.3%
76.9%
80%
70%
60%
50%
38.5%
40%
33.6%
26.2%
30%
20%
17.7%
15.8%
6.9%
10%
0.5% 0.8%
0.8%
0%
Old Age pension
Disability Grant
Child Support Grant
Care Dependency
Grant
Grant in aid
Figure 21: Welfare grants
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Figure 21 shows that, for those who do receive welfare grants, 76.9% of Black Africans receive
child support grants, 15.8% receive old age pensions and only 6.9% receive disability grants. The
picture for Whites is very different with 82.3% being old age pensions and 17.7% child support
grants. For Coloureds the spread is more even with 38.5% receiving old age pensions, 33.6%
receiving child support grants and 26.2% receiving disability grants.
8
8.1
Households
Number of Households
The number of households is estimated, by the GHS, to be 905,603. The largest percentage of
households are Coloured (40.6%), followed by Black African (33.3%) and Whites (26.1%).
Further details can be found in appendix B.
8.2
Household Size
The average household size for Cape Town is 3.55 persons. Coloureds have the largest average
household size of 4.25 persons and Whites the smallest at 2.53 persons. Black Africans have an
average household size of 3.51 persons.
Black African
Coloured
White
4
5 to 6
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
1
2
3
7 to 9
10 to 15
Figure 22: Number of persons per household
For Whites two persons per household is the highest (35.1%) followed by one person per
household (23.9%) with 20.3% having four persons per household (see Figure 22). No White
household has more than six persons per household. Black Africans also have a fairly high
percentage of one (22.8%) and two (17.5%) persons per household and 19.1% have five to six
persons per household. Coloureds on the other hand have the largest percentage of five to six
(25.5%) persons per household, followed by four (23.3%) and then three (20.9%) persons per
household. Only 18.4% of Coloured households have one or two persons per household.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
8.3
Head of Households
Under 20
20 to 34
35 to 54
55 to 64
65 and older
43.0%
45%
40%
35%
30.4%
29.5%
30%
25%
19.7%
20%
15.2%
12.7%
15%
10%
5%
11.6%
9.7%
9.1%
6.1% 6.3%
5.4%
0.6%
0.6%
0.1%
0%
Male
Female
Total
Figure 23: Age and gender of household head
The largest number (43.0%) of household heads are aged 35 to 54, followed by 29.5% aged 20 to
34 and 15.2% aged 55 to 64 (see Figure 23). Only 0.6% of household heads are under 20 years
and 11.6% are 65 years and older. Males comprise 65.2% of all household heads. With the
exception of those 65 years and older there are more male than females household heads.
Under 20
20 to 34
Total
Male
35 to 54
55 to 64
Female
Total
65 and older
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Male
Female
Black African
Male
Coloured
Female
Total
White
Figure 24: Age and gender of household head by population group
As can be see from Figure 24 the age of the household heads varies for the different population
groups. For Black Africans the largest number (49.0%) is aged 20 to 34 and for both Coloureds
(47.8%) and Whites (43.0%) the largest number are aged 35 to 54. A higher percentage of White
males (74.1%) are household heads compared with both Coloured males (66.4%) and Black
African males (56.7%). Male household heads outnumber females for all age groups and all
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
population groups with the exception of Black Africans (1.0% male and 5.3% female) and
Coloureds (6.8% male and 7.7% female) 65 years and older. There are also significantly more
White (14.1%) and Coloured (14.4%) household heads 65 years and older than there are Black
Africans (6.2%).
9
9.1
Dwellings
Type of Dwelling
A total of 74.4% of households live in formal dwellings, 22.4% live in informal dwellings, 0.4% lives
in a tent or caravan and for 2.8% of households their dwelling type is categorised as “other”. Of
the informal households, 58.2% are in informal settlements and 41.8% are in informal dwellings in
a backyard. For those in formal dwellings 65.7% live in a house on a separate stand, 15.9% live in
a town house, cluster house or semi-detached house, 19.9% live in a flat in a block of flats, 2.6%
live in a house, flat or room in a backyard, 5.6% in a room or flatlet and 0.3% in unit in a retirement
village.
Black African
Coloured
White
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
Other
Room/Flatlet
Informal Dwelling
in an informal
settlement
Informal Dwelling
in a backyard
House/Flat/Room
in a backyard
Unit in a
Retirement
Village
Town/Cluster/
Semi-detached
House
Flat in a block of
flats
House on a
separate stand
0%
Caravan/Tent
10%
Figure 25: Dwelling type
There are significant differences in the type of dwellings in which households in the different
population groups live (see Figure 25). The highest percentage of Black African households
(37.3%) live in an informal dwelling in an informal settlement, followed by 24.2% in a house on a
separate stand and 22.0% in an informal dwelling in a backyard. Over half (55.9%) of Coloured
households live in a house on a separate stand, 14.0% in a town house, cluster house or semidetached house and 9.4% in a flat in a block of flats. Only 6.7% of Coloureds live in informal
dwellings. For White households 69.4% live in a house on a separate stand, 12.8% live in a town
house cluster house or semi-detached house and 9.4% live in a flat in a block of flats.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
9.2
Materials used for the Construction of Dwellings
Bricks are the main material used in the construction of the walls for 64.1% of all dwellings. The
next most common material used is wood (12.9%), followed by corrugated iron or zinc (11.2%) and
then cement blocks or concrete (10.2%). A small number (0.9%) of dwellings have cardboard
walls.
The main material used in the construction of the roof of all dwellings is tiles (40.8%) followed by
corrugated iron or zinc (29.8%) and then asbestos (23.5%). Other materials used include cement
blocks or concrete (2.6%), mud (1.5%), wood (0.9%), bricks (0.2%) and thatching (0.1%).
Further details on the materials used for the construction of the walls and roof of dwellings can be
found in Appendix F.
Black African
Coloured
White
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Bricks
Cement
Block or
Concrete
Corrugated
Iron or Zinc
Wood
Cardboard
Other
Unspecified
Figure 26: Main material used for the walls of dwellings
For the majority of both Coloureds (66.9%) and Whites (95.6%) the main material used in the
construction of the walls of their dwellings is bricks (see Figure 26). A significant number of
Coloureds also have walls made from cement block or concrete (20.5%) and wood (9.0%). For
Black Africans the highest percentage also have bricks (35.9%) as the main material for their walls
but this is only marginally larger than those with corrugated iron or zinc (29.9%) and wooden
(25.8%) walls.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Bricks
Cement
Block or
Concrete
Corrugated
iron or Zinc
Wood
Tile
Mud
Thatching
Asbestos
Other
Unspecified
Figure 27: Main material used for the roof of dwellings
As can be seen from Figure 27 the majority of Whites (79.0%) have tiles as the main material used
for the roof of their dwellings with 7.3% having asbestos and 5.8% having corrugated iron or zinc
roofs. The main type of material used for the roofs of dwellings of Coloureds follows the same
pattern as Whites with 40.9% using tiles, 34.4% asbestos and 18.4% corrugated iron. For Black
Africans the highest percentage has roofs constructed from corrugated iron or zinc (62.6%)
followed by asbestos (23.1%) and then tiles (10.6%).
9.3
Condition of Dwellings
Condition of Roof
Condition of Walls
0.8%
17.1%
0.8%
12.6%
Very weak
10.8%
17.4%
Weak
13.0%
9.1%
Needs minor
repairs
Good
16.8%
41.9%
18.6%
Very good
Unspecified
41.2%
Figure 28: Condition of the walls and roof of dwellings
The condition of the walls and roof of dwellings are very similar with 58.0% having walls and 58.6%
having the roof in a good or very good condition (see Figure 28). Minor repairs are needed by
16.8% of walls and 18.6% of roofs. 23.4% of walls and 22.1% of roofs of dwellings are in a weak
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
or very weak condition. Further details on the condition of the walls and roof of dwellings can be
found in Appendix G.
Black African
Coloured
White
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Very weak
Weak
Needs minor
repairs
Good
Very good
Unspecified
Figure 29: Condition of the walls of dwellings by population group
As can be seen from Figures 29 and 30 the condition of the wall and roof of dwellings varies
significantly for the different population groups. The condition of the walls is good or very good for
91.2% of White owned dwellings, falling to 62.2% for Coloured and 29.7% for Black African owned
dwellings. For 45.1% of Black African, 19.9% of Coloured and 1.3% of White owned dwellings the
condition of the walls is weak or very weak. Walls in need of minor repair are 23.7% for Black
African, 17.2% for Coloured and 7.5% for White owned dwellings.
Black African
Coloured
White
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Very weak
Weak
Needs minor
repairs
Good
Very good
Unspecified
Figure 30: Condition of the roof of dwellings by population group
The pattern of the condition of the roof is the same as that for the condition of the walls with only
small differences in the percentages across all the population groups (see Figure 30). The
percentages of roofs that are weak or very weak are slightly lower than that of walls with 44.1% for
Black African, 17.8% for Coloured and 0.6% for White dwellings. More roofs need minor repairs
than walls with 26.6% of Black Africans, 18.4% of Coloureds and 8.7% of White dwellings needing
some repair.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
9.4
Ownership
A total of 67.1% of dwellings are owned of which 69.6% are fully paid off. Of the remainder of
dwellings 24.5% are rented, 8.0% are occupied rent-free and 0.4% are occupied as a boarder.
Black African
70%
Coloured
White
68.2%
60%
50%
40%
37.5%
35.1%
37.3%
29.9%
30%
25.5%
20.0%
21.8%
20%
10%
4.9% 3.3%
1.0%
5.1% 5.9% 3.4%
0.7% 0.4%
0%
Owned and fully
paid
Owned but not
fully paid
Rented
Rent-free employment
contract
Rent-free - no
contract
Boarder
Figure 31: Dwelling ownership
Black Africans (68.2%) have the highest percentage of dwellings owned and fully paid off, followed
by Whites at 37.5% and then Coloureds at 35.4% (see Figure 31). However more Whites (74.8%)
than Black Africans (69.2%) and Coloureds (60.6%) own their dwellings with almost half not fully
paid off. More Coloureds (29.9%) than either Whites (21.8%) or Black Africans (20.0%) rent their
dwellings. No Whites, 3.3% of Coloureds and 4.9% of Africans occupy their dwellings rent-free as
part of an employment contract of a member of the family. A total of 10.0% of Black Africans, 9.2%
of Coloureds and 3.4% of Whites occupy their dwellings rent-free.
9.5
Rent Paid for Dwellings
For all households who rent a dwelling 71.9% pay less than R1 000 a month. The highest
percentage (26.8%) pays between R100 and R199 followed by 21.5% who pay between R200 and
R499, 15.9% pay between R2000 and R3 999 and only 3.5% pay over R4 000 a month.
Black African
Coloured
White
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Less than
R100
R100 to
R199
R200 to
R499
R500 to
R999
R1000 to
R1999
R2000 to
R3999
R4000 and
over
Figure 32: Monthly rental paid for dwellings
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
The monthly rental paid for dwellings varies for the different population groups as can be seen from
Figure 32. Only 7.5% of Black Africans pay more than R499 and 4.7% of Whites pay less than
R500. The highest percentage (49.0%) of Black Africans pay between R100 and R199 per month
followed by 25.5% paying between R200 and R400 and 17.9% paying less than R100. For Whites
the highest percentage (49.4%) pay between R2000 and R3 999 per month with 24.4% paying
between R500 and R999 and 15.9% pay between R1 000 and R1 999. 80.8% of coloureds pay
under R1 000 rental per month where 27.8% pay between R200 and R499 and 26.6% between
R100 and R199.
9.6
Number of Rooms per Household
The number of rooms per household is the total number of rooms in the dwelling which the
household occupies excluding bathrooms and toilets. Four rooms are occupied by the largest
percentage (22.5%) of households, followed by 19.7% occupying a single room and 16.8%
occupying five rooms. Only 8.1% of households occupy seven or more rooms.
Black African
Coloured
White
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 or 8
9 or 10
Figure 33: Number of rooms per dwelling
Over 50% of Black African households occupy one of two rooms with 37.1% occupying one room
and 17.8% two rooms (see Figure 33). 20.6% of Black African households occupy four rooms and
9.3% occupy five or more. For Coloured households 28.7% occupy four rooms followed by 22.1%
occupying five rooms and 14.2% occupying one room. The largest percentage (24.9%) of White
households occupies five rooms with 18.1% occupying seven or eight rooms and both four and six
rooms occupied by 15.6%. Only 10.8% of White households occupy one or two rooms.
9.7
Overcrowding
A dwelling is considered to be overcrowded when there are more than two persons per occupied
room. Bathrooms and toilets are not included in the number of rooms. Kitchens are included in
the number of rooms. When looking at overcrowding the assumption has been made that for all
dwellings larger than two rooms one of the rooms is a kitchen. One room is thus subtracted from
the number of rooms for calculating overcrowding. Kitchens are not seen as a habitable room.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
All
Households
Household
Size
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
15
Total
Number of Rooms
1
8.06%
3.71%
2.75%
2.71%
0.96%
0.55%
0.40%
0.12%
0.31%
2
1.10%
3.05%
1.90%
1.36%
1.37%
0.80%
0.95%
0.13%
3
2.93%
2.55%
2.19%
2.53%
1.63%
0.43%
0.42%
0.27%
0.38%
0.07%
4
1.74%
3.42%
5.28%
4.44%
3.18%
1.64%
1.44%
0.62%
0.58%
0.20%
5
1.12%
3.45%
2.76%
4.29%
2.47%
1.40%
0.63%
0.46%
0.24%
6
0.83%
1.93%
1.38%
1.21%
0.96%
1.32%
0.33%
0.26%
7
0.45%
1.48%
0.27%
0.71%
0.31%
0.72%
0.11%
0.12%
8
0.17%
0.46%
0.69%
0.75%
0.42%
0.36%
0.12%
9
10
0.34%
0.31%
4.16%
2.97%
0.75%
0.27%
0.10%
0.37%
0.16%
0.13%
19.70%
10.66%
13.40%
22.54%
16.81%
8.74%
0.27%
Total
16.41%
20.31%
17.56%
18.32%
11.29%
7.32%
3.99%
2.11%
1.45%
0.58%
0.37%
0.16%
0.13%
100.00%
Table 4: Number of persons per household by number of rooms occupied in the dwelling
A total of 13.3% of households were living in overcrowded conditions of more than two persons per
occupied room (yellow or shaded area in Table 4). When kitchens are excluded from dwellings
having more than two rooms (blue or striped area in Table 2) then the percentage living in
overcrowded conditions increases by 4.7% to 18.0% of all households.
Overcrowding varies significantly for the different population groups. Black African households
have the highest percentage (28.5%) of overcrowding followed by Coloured Households (20.6%).
Only 0.9% of White households have more than two persons per habitable room. Tables for the
different population groups can be found in Appendix H.
10 Water
10.1 Main Source of Water
The source of the water used for drinking and food preparation has been taken to be the main
source of water for the household. The majority of households have their own piped water with
72.2% having piped water in their dwelling and 21.2% on their site. A public tap is used by 6.0% of
households and 0.6% use a neighbour’s tap.
Black African
Coloured
White
97.5%
100%
87.2%
90%
80%
70%
60%
46.2%
50%
40%
34.0%
30%
18.1%
20%
12.8%
10%
2.5%
1.7%
0%
Piped water in dwelling
Piped water on site
Neighbour's tap
Public tap
Figure 34: Main source of water
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Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
As can be seen from Figure 34, 97.5% of White, 87.2% of Coloured and 34.0% of Black African
households have piped water in their dwelling. All the other White and Coloured and 46.2% of
Black African households have piped water on their site. A public tap is use by 18.1% of Black
African households and 1.7% use a neighbour’s tap.
10.2 Quality of the Water
Black African
Coloured
White
102%
100%
99.7%
98.9%
98.8%
99.4%
99.1%
99.7% 100.0%
99.1%
98.7% 99.1%
98.0%
98%
96%
93.9%
94%
92%
90%
88%
Safe to drink
Clear
Good taste
Odour free
Figure 35: Water quality
The level of satisfaction with water quality is high for all population groups (see Figure 35). The
good taste of the water has the highest percentage for all population groups. White households
have the lowest percentage (98.8%) who feels that the water is safe to drink. Coloured
households are the least satisfied with the clarity of the water. Black households have the lowest
percentage (93.9%) who indicated that the water is odour free.
Although 99.2% of households felt that the water was safe to drink 10.8% always treat and 2.2%
sometimes treat their drinking water. Treatment includes boiling, filtering and the use of chemicals
such as bleach.
Black African
Coloured
White
95.4%
100%
90%
83.5%
80.1%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
17.8%
20%
10%
12.6%
3.0%
0.4%
3.8% 2.1%
1.2%
0%
Yes, always
Yes, sometimes
Never
Unspecified
Figure 36: Households who treat their drinking water
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
The highest percentage of White households (17.8%) always treats their drinking water as
compared to 12.6% of Coloured and 3.0% of Black African households (see Figure 36). 3.8% of
Coloured, 2.1% of White and 0.4% of Black African households sometimes treat their water.
10.3 Payment for Water
All households who have water on site or in their dwellings were asked if they pay for water and
19.8% indicated that they do not pay. The percentages vary for the different population groups
with 43.9% of Black Africans, 12.0% of Coloureds and 4.7% of Whites not paying.
Those households who do not pay for their water where asked why they did not pay. All the White
households specified “other” as the reason. For all households 12.7% indicated that the metering
system was irregular or not in place and 8.7% indicated that the billing system was irregular or not
in place. 24.9% indicated that they cannot afford to pay for water and 8.8% gave the reason that
others do not pay for water.
Black African
Coloured
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
Other
Only use free
basic amount
Others do not
pay
Supply all with
free water
Unhappy with
the service
Meter is broken
No billing
system in place
Billing system is
irregular
No metering
system in place
Metering
system irregular
0%
Can't afford to
pay
10%
Figure 37: Reasons why Black Africans and Coloureds do not pay for water
The reasons why Black African and Coloured households do not pay for water are shown in Figure
37. For Black African households the highest percentage (30.9%) indicated that they cannot afford
to pay followed by 28.6% indicating “other” and 15.5% indicating that there is no metering system
in place. “Other” is the reason with the highest percentage (62.1%) for Coloured households
followed by 15.2% who cannot afford to pay and 6.6% who only use the free basic amount of
water.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
10.4 Evaluation of Municipal Water Service
Black African
100%
90%
88.0% 88.2%
Coloured
White
92.7%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
8.5% 8.3% 6.5%
10%
2.5% 3.5%
1.0%
0.8%
0%
Good
Average
Poor
Unspecified
Figure 38: Evaluation of municipal water service
All households who have access to piped water from the municipality were asked to evaluate the
service they receive. Most households rated the service as good with White households the
highest at 92.7% followed by Coloured households at 88.2% and Black African households at
88.0% (See Figure 38). Only 3.5% of Coloured and 2.5% of Black African households rated the
service as poor.
10.5 Interruption of Water Supply
For all households having access to piped water 86.6% indicated that they almost never
experience interruptions. 1.0% of households experience weekly interruptions, 2.1% experience
monthly interruptions, 7.0% experience six monthly interruptions and 3.3% annual interruptions.
Black African
Coloured
White
100%
93.4%
97.5%
90%
80%
67.7%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
17.6%
20%
10%
6.5%
1.9% 1.0%
0.3%
2.9% 1.3%
6.4%
2.4% 1.2%
0%
Weekly
Monthly
Six monthly
Yearly
Almost never
Figure 39: Frequency of interruptions of piped water
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Figure 39 shows the frequency if interruptions of piped water by population group. The highest
number of households almost never experience interruptions with White households at 97.5%,
Coloured households at 93.4% and Black African households at 67.7%.
Black Africans
80%
73.1%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
14.4%
8.5%
10%
1.6%
1.2%
1.3%
Not enough
water in system
Cut off due to
non payment
0%
Burst Pipes
Pump not
working
General
maintenance
Don't know
Figure 40: Causes of piped water interruptions for Black African households
Household having access to piped water were asked what causes the interruption in their water
supply. As most White and Coloured households almost never experience interruptions the
reasons for interruptions were only analysed for Black African households. As can be seen in
Figure 40 general maintenance (73.1%) was the most frequent reason given for the interruption
followed by burst pipes (14.4%).
11 Toilet Facilities
11.1 Type of Toilet Facility
Over 95% of households have access to a flush toilet. For those households having access to a
flush toilet connected to the public sewer system 66.9% are in the dwelling, 25.4% are on the site
and 1.3% are off the site. 1.5% of flush toilets are connected to a septic tank either in the dwelling
or on the site. The bucket system is used by 3.5% of all households either on of off the site. 1.4%
of households have no toilet system available.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Flush toilet Flush toilet Flush toilet Septic tank Septic tank
in dwelling
on site
off site
in dwelling
on site
Bucket
toilet on
site
Bucket
toilet off
site
None
Figure 41: Type of toilet facility available
All White households have access to a flush toilet either in the dwelling (96.9%) or on the site
(3.1%) where 98.4% are connected to the public sewage system and 1.6% are septic tanks (see
Figure 41). Only 0.1% of Coloured households do not have access to a flush toilet and these
households use a bucket toilet on the site. For Coloured households connected to the public
sewage system 79.5% are in the dwelling and 20.0% are on the site. Only 28.5% of Black African
households have a flush toilet in the dwelling and they are all connected to the public sewage
system. For Black African households, 50.1% have flush toilets on the site and 3.9% off the site
that are connected to the public sewage system and 2.7% have septic tanks on the site. 10.3% of
Black African households have a bucket toilet either on or off the site and 4.4% have no access to
toilet facilities.
11.2 Distance to Nearest Toilet Facility
All households having toilet facilities either on or off the site were asked the distance to their
nearest toilet facility. For 93.2% of households their nearest toilet facility is less than 200 metres
from their dwelling and for 4.8% it is between 200 and 500 metres. All White households, 97.2% of
Coloured households and 91.4% of Black African households have their nearest toilet facility less
than 200 metres from their dwelling. For Black African households 1.6% have their nearest toilet
facility more than 500 metres from their dwelling.
11.3 Shared Toilet Facilities
A total of 31.9% of households share a toilet facility with other households.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Coloured
White
89.4%
72.5%
55.0%
45.0%
27.5%
10.6%
Yes
No
Figure 42: Toilet facility shared with other households
The number of households who share toilet facilities with other households varies significantly for
the different population groups (see Figure 42). It is highest for Black African households at 55.0%
followed by Coloured households at 27.5% and White households at 10.6%.
11.4 Households using Bucket Toilets
According to this survey a total of 31,531 households are using bucket toilets of which 98.4% are
Black African households and the balance are Coloured households. 98.0% indicated that they
shared the bucket toilet with other households. For 95.9% of households the frequency with which
it is removed is once a week or more often. For the rest of the households the frequency of
removal was not specified.
12 Source of Energy
12.1 Connection to Mains Electricity
Mains electricity is supplied to 94.5% of all households either by the City or directly by ESKOM.
Black African
100%
96.7%
Coloured
White
98.1%
88.9%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
11.1%
10%
3.3%
1.9%
0%
Yes
No
Figure 43: Connection to mains electricity
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Figure 43 shows that 98.1% of White, 96.7% of Coloured and 88.9% of Black African households
are connected to mains electricity.
During June 2006 2.4% of households had their electricity cut off due to non-payments. The
percentages for the different population groups were 3.1% of Coloured, 2.3% of Black African and
1.4% of White households.
Black African
90%
Coloured
White
80.9%
80.0%
80%
71.9%
70%
60%
50%
40%
28.1%
30%
20.0%
19.1%
20%
10%
0%
Yes
No
Figure 44: Households receiving free electricity
The total percentage of households receiving free electricity is 41.8%. There is a significant
variation across the population groups with 80.0% of Black African, 28.1% of Coloured and 19.1%
of White households receiving free electricity (see Figure 44).
12.2 Source of Energy for Lighting
Mains electricity is used by 95.7% of all households for lighting. Paraffin is used by 3.0% and
candles by 1.3% of households
.
Black African
100%
Coloured
White
98.2% 100.0%
89.4%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
8.9%
10%
0.2%
1.8%
1.6%
0%
Mains electricity
Paraffin
Candles
Figure 45: Main source of energy used for lighting
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Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
All White, 98.2% of Coloured and 89.4% of Black African households use mains electricity for
lighting (see Figure 45). Paraffin is used by 8.9% and candles by 1.8% of Black African
households. 1.6% of Coloured households use candles.
12.3 Source of Energy for Cooking
Mains electricity is used by 87.2% of all households as the mains source of energy for cooking.
The next most popular source of energy for cooking is gas (7.1%) followed by Paraffin (5.5%).
Black African
100%
Coloured
White
94.6% 93.4%
90%
80%
73.4%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
14.4%
12.3%
10%
0.4%
3.2%
6.6%
1.7%
0.1%
Paraffin
Wood
0%
Mains electricity
Electricity from
generator
Gas
Figure 46: Main source of energy used for cooking
As can be seen from Figure 46 fewer households use mains electricity for cooking than they use
for lighting. Mains electricity is used by 94.6% of Coloured, 93.4% of White and 73.4% of Black
African households for cooking. The only other source of energy used by White households is gas
(6.6%). Black African households use paraffin (14.4%) and gas (12.3%). Coloured households
also use gas (3.2%) and paraffin (1.7%).
12.4 Source of Energy for Heating
The main source of energy used for heating varies far more than the source used for either lighting
or cooking. Mains electricity is used by 50.8% of all households, followed by paraffin (22.3%),
wood (2.8%) and gas (1.5%). 22.6% of households do not heat their dwellings.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
66.5%
70%
Coloured
White
68.3%
61.8%
60%
50%
40%
26.8%
30%
20%
23.1%
17.9%
17.1%
10%
1.9% 1.0% 1.7%
2.6% 2.6%
1.3%
3.1% 4.3%
0%
Mains electricity
Gas
Paraffin
Wood
None
Figure 47: Main source of energy used for heating
The main source of energy used for heating varies for the different population groups (see Figure
47). The largest percentage of both White (68.3%) and Coloured (66.5%) households use mains
electricity. For Black African households 61.8% use paraffin and 17.9% use mains electricity.
26.8% of Coloured, 23.1% of White and 17.1% of Black African households do not heat their
dwellings.
13 Refuse and Waste
13.1 Refuse Removal
Refuse is removed by the City of Cape Town at least once a week from 95.7% of households and
less than once a week from 0.9% of households. For the different population groups the City of
Cape Town removes the refuse from all White, 99.6% of coloured and 90.1% of Black African
households. For Coloured households 0.1% use a communal dump or container and 0.3% have no
refuse removal.
Black African
100%
89.2%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0.9%
2.3%
2.1%
2.7%
2.2%
0.6%
Communal
dump or
container
Own refuse
dump
No removal
Other
0%
By Local
By Local
By
Authority at
Authority
Community
least once a less than
members at
week
once a week least once a
week
Figure 48: Refuse removal for Black African households
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Figure 48 shows how refuse is taken care of in Black African households. Refuse is removed from
the dwelling either by the Local Authority or by community members for 92.4% of households. A
communal dump or container is used by 2.1% of households and 2.7% use their own refuse dump.
2.2% of households have no refuse removal.
14 Household Income and Expenditure
14.1 Main Source of Income
Salary and/or wages are the main source of income for 74.0% of all households, pensions and
grants for 13.6%, remittances for 3.3% and sale of farm products for 0.4%. Other income was the
source of income for 6.8% of households. 1.9% of households have no income.
Black African
Coloured
White
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Salaries and/or
wages
Remittances
Pensions and
grants
Sale of farm
products
Other income
No income
Figure 49: Main source of household income
As can be seen in Figure 49 the main source of household income is similar for all population
groups. Salaries and/or wages are the main source of income for 79.3% of Coloured, 71.8% of
Black African and 68.7% of White households. Pensions and grants is the next most common
main source of household income for Black African (14.5%) and Coloured (13.8%) households.
For 14.2% of White households “other” is the main income source. 5.0% of Black African and
0.7% of Coloured households have no income.
14.2 Total Monthly Household Expenditure
As the survey only included salary or pay for the main job of all workers, household income is not
available. Households were asked for their total expenditure for June 2006. Monthly expenditure
is under R1 200 for 36.0% of all households and another 19.1% spend between R 1 200 and R2
500. Only 7.5% of households spend over R10 000 a month.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
R0 to R399
R400 to
R799
R800 to R1
199
R1 200 to
R1 799
R1 800 to
R2 499
R2 500 to
R4 999
R5 000 to
R9 999
R10 000 or Unspecified
more
Figure 50: Monthly household expenditure
For the different population groups the monthly expenditure patterns are very different (see Figure
50). The majority of Black African (74.8%) households spent less than R1 200 a month compared
to 25.4% of Coloured and 3.1% of White households. At the other end of the scale 54.4% of
White, 24.1% of Coloured and 0.7% of Black African households spent over R5 000 a month.
14.3 Monthly Expenditure on Housing
For all households 29.5% do not have any monthly expenditure for housing.
between 30% and 49.9% and 17% spend between 10% and 19.9%.
Black African
Coloured
20.9% spend
White
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
None
Less
than
10%
10% to 20% to 30% to
19.9% 29.9% 49.9%
50%
and
over
Total monthly expenditure under R1 800
None
Less
than
10%
10% to 20% to 30% to
19.9% 29.9% 49.9%
50%
and
over
Total monthly expenditure R1 800 and over
Figure 51: Percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on housing
Figure 51 shows the percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on housing for those spending
under R1 800 and R1 800 and over per month. For Black African households 61.0% do not have
January 2008
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
any monthly expenditure on housing and 16.9% spend between 10% and 19.9% and have a total
monthly expenditure under R1 800. For Coloured households 16.3% spend between 30% and
49.9% and 12.3% spend between 10% and 19.9% of their monthly expenditure on housing and
have a total monthly expenditure of R1 800 and more. A total of 17.1% of Coloured households
have no monthly expenditure on housing. Of the White households 34.5% spend between 30%
and 49.9% and 17.7% spend over 50% of their monthly expenditure on housing and have a total
monthly income of R1 800 and over.
14.4 Monthly Expenditure on Transport
The highest percentage of households (34.6%) spends between 10% and 19.9% of their monthly
expenditure on transport followed by 22.2% who spend between 10 % and 19.9%. 14.5% of
households do not spend money on transport and only 1.4% spends 50% and more of their
monthly expenditure on transport.
Black African
Coloured
White
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
None
Less
than
10%
10% to 20% to 30% to
19.9% 29.9% 49.9%
50%
and
over
Total monthly expenditure under R1 800
None
Less
than
10%
10% to 20% to 30% to
19.9% 29.9% 49.9%
50%
and
over
Total monthly expenditure R1 800 and over
Figure 52: Percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on transport
As can be seen in Figure 52 Black African households with a total monthly expenditure under
R1 800 spend a much higher percentage on transport than either Coloured or White households.
For households with a monthly expenditure of R1 800 and over the highest percentage spent on
transport is between 10% and 19.9% for all population groups with 45.0% for White, 24.7% for
Coloured and 4.8% for Black African households. In the same total expenditure category 25.9% of
White and 20.5% of Coloured households spend less than 10% of their total expenditure on
transport.
14.5 Monthly Expenditure on Food
For all households 32.6% spend between 30% and 49.9% of their monthly expenditure on food,
28.0% spend over 50% and 20.9% spend between 20% and 29.9%. 1.9% of all households have
no monthly expenditure on food and 2.7% spend less than 10% of their monthly expenditure on
food.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
None
Less
than
10%
10% to 20% to 30% to
19.9% 29.9% 49.9%
50%
and
over
Total monthly expenditure under R1 800
None
Less
than
10%
10% to 20% to 30% to
19.9% 29.9% 49.9%
50%
and
over
Total monthly expenditure R1 800 and more
Figure 53: Percentage of total monthly expenditure spent on food
For households with a total monthly expenditure under R1 800 a high percentage is spent on food
(see Figure 53). For Black African households 44.2% spend more than 50% and 27.2% spend
30% to 49.9% of their monthly expenditure on food. 14.9% of Coloured households spend
between 30% and 49.9% of their monthly expenditure on food and 13.2% spend over 50%.
The percentage spent on food by households with a total monthly expenditure of R1 800 and more
shows more variation (see Figure 53). For Coloured households 21.8% spend between 30% and
49.9%, 18.7% spend between 20% and 29%, 11.8% spend 50% and over and 11.7% spend
between 10% and 19.9% of their monthly expenditure on food. 24.7% of White households spend
between 30% and 49.9%, 24.3% spend between 20% and 29.9% and 23.0% spend between 10%
and 19.9% of monthly expenditure on food.
15 Communication
15.1 Access to Telephones
Only 16.7% of all households to not have access to a telephone in their dwelling. 40.2% have both
landline and cellular telephones, 38.1% only have cellular telephones and 4.9% only have landline
telephones.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
76.8%
80%
70%
61.4%
60%
50%
42.1%
40%
32.5%
28.6%
30%
10%
17.9%
17.3%
20%
7.4%
9.0%
5.9%
1.0%
0%
Landline Telephone
only
Cellular Telephone only Landline and Cellular
Telephone
No Telephone
Figure 54: Access to telephones
Figure 54 shows how the access to telephones varies for the different population groups. For
Black African households 61.4% only have cellular telephones, 28.6% have no telephones and 9%
have both landline and cellular telephones. 42.1% of Coloured households have both landline and
cellular telephones, 32.5% only have cellular telephones and 17.9% have no telephone. All White
household do have telephones with 76.8% having both landline and cellular telephones and 17.3%
having only cellular telephones.
All households who do not have a landline or cellular telephone were asked how long they
travelled to reach the nearest accessible telephone. 85.6% travelled 14 minutes or less, 12.5%
travelled between 15 and 29 minutes and 1.9% travelled between 30 and 44 minutes.
15.2 Mail Deliveries
Black African
White
97.9%
100%
90%
Coloured
91.5%
85.7%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
7.6%
10%
10.3%
1.5% 0.7%
0.7%
1.1% 0.8% 0.8%
1.3%
0%
Delivered to
dwelling
Delivered to post
box
Through friend or
neighbour
Through a shop or Do not receive mail
workplace
Figure 55: How households receive their mail
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
The majority of households have their mail delivered to their dwellings (see Figure 55). For White
households 7.6% have their mail delivered to a post box and 0.8% receives it through a shop or
workplace. 10.3% of Black African households receive their mail through a friend or neighbour,
1.5% have it delivered to a post box and 1.1% receive mail through a shop or workplace.
16 Household Goods Owned
Televisions are owned by 87.4% and radios by 86.1% of all households
own books.
Black African
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Coloured
98.3%
73.0% of households
White
96.6%
96.2%
89.7%
85.3%
79.1%
76.0%
76.0%
50.7%
Television
Radio
Books
Figure 56: Household goods owned
Over 96% of White households own a television, a radio as well as books (see Figure 56). For
Coloured households 98.3% own a television, 85.3% own a radio and 76.3% own books. Only just
over half of Black African households own books while 79.1% own a radio and 76.0% a television.
17 Transport
17.1 Motor Car Ownership
43.2% of all households have a motor car.
Black African
100%
88.6%
Coloured
White
92.5%
80%
56.8%
60%
43.2%
40%
20%
11.4%
7.5%
0%
Yes
No
Figure 57: Households having a motor car
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
The number of households having a motor car is very different for the different population groups
with 88.6% of White households, 43.2% of Coloured households and only 7.5% of Black African
households having a motor car (see Figure 57).
17.2 Type of Transport Used
Households were asked what means of transport they usually use to get to a range of facilities. If
they do not go to a particular facility they were asked which means of transport they would use to
get to the nearest facility. Where more than one means of transport was used they indicated the
one used over the longest distance.
Black African
Coloured
White
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Pre-School
Primary School
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
0%
Secondary School
Figure 58: Type of transport used to get to school
In over 90% of Black African households learners walk to school (see Figure 58). Once learners in
Black African households go to secondary school, the percentage using minibus taxis increases
from under 1.0% to 7.0%. In Coloured households the percentages using different means of
transport hardly varies from pre-school to secondary with 68.5% of learners walking to school,
23.0% using own transport and 8.0% using minibus taxis. The largest percentage of White
households uses their own transport to get learners to school increasing from 57.8% in pre-school
to 64.8% in secondary school with a slight drop in primary school (56.8%). In White households
37.4% of learners walk to pre-school, 38.4% walk to primary schools and 30.4% walk to secondary
school.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Clinic
Hospital
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
0%
Welfare Office
Figure 59: Type of transport used to get to a clinic, hospital and welfare office
The majority of Black African households (82.2%) walk to the clinic and 16.9% use minibus taxis
(see Figure 59). However, when going to hospital the opposite occurs with 81.3% using minibus
taxis and 15.5% going on foot. 57.0% of Black African households use minibus taxis and 40.2%
go on foot to welfare offices. Around 2% of Black African households used their own transport to
go to a clinic, hospital or welfare office.
The highest percentage of Coloured households (59.1%) also walks to the clinic with 28.8% using
their own transport and 9.9% minibus taxis (see Figure 59). When coloured households go to
hospital 34.3% use their own transport, 32.2% use minibus taxis, 28.6% go on foot and 4.3% use a
bus. When visiting a welfare office 37.9% of Coloured households go on foot, 32.2% use their own
transport and 27.0% use minibus taxis.
Figure 59 shows that most White households use their own transport to go to the clinic (75.5%),
hospital (87.2%) or welfare office (77.1%). White household also go on foot to the clinic (19.5%)
and welfare office (17.4%) and 6.2% use minibus taxis to go to hospital.
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Black African
Coloured
White
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Food Market
Post Office
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
Other
Own
Transport
Train
Bus
Minibus
Taxi
On foot
0%
Public Transport
Figure 60: Type of transport used to get to a food market, post office and public transport
When going to the food market 74.2% of Black African households go on foot and 22.8% use
minibus taxis (see Figure 60). The highest percentage of Coloured households also goes on foot
(51.5%) to the food market, with 29.1% using their own transport and 18.9% minibus taxis. 68.6%
of White households use their own transport to go to the food market and 26.7% go on foot.
More Black African households use minibus taxis (59.5%) to go to the post office than go on foot
(37.8%) (see Figure 60). For Coloured households 49.4% go on foot, 28.1% use their own
transport and 19.9% use minibus taxis. 71.3% of White households use their own transport to go
to the post office and 21.4% go on foot.
As can be seen from Figure 60 most households either go on foot or use their own transport to get
to public transport. 95.7% of Black African, 72.1% of Coloured and 39.2% of White households go
on foot. 57.2% of White and 21.2% of Coloured households use their own transport to get to public
transport.
17.3 Travelling Times
All households were asked how long it usually took to get to various facilities using the usual
means of transport or how long it would take using the means of transport available to them.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
14
Min
or
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
60 Don't 14
min know Min
or
or
more
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
Pre-School
60 Don't 14
min know Min
or
or
more
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
Primary School
60 Don't
min know
or
more
Secondary School
Figure 61: Travelling times to get to school
The majority of learners take 14 minutes or less to travel to school and only a few travels for 30
minutes or more (see Figure 61). As learners move from pre-school to primary school and then to
high school the percentage who travel for 15 to 29 minutes increases while the percentage that
travel 14 minutes or less decreases. White households have the higher percentages that travel for
15 to 29 minutes than either Black African or Coloured households.
Black African
Coloured
White
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
14
Min
or
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
Clinic
60 Don't 14
min know Min
or
or
more
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
60 Don't 14
min know Min
or
or
more
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
Hospital
60 Don't
min know
or
more
Welfare Office
Figure 62: Travelling times to get to a clinic, hospital and welfare office
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
All households have a relatively short travelling time to get to the clinic with 65.1% of Coloured,
63.2% of Black African and 53.4% of White households travelling for 14 minutes or less (see
Figure 62). 30.8% of Black African, 28.7% of Coloured and 26.7% of White households travel 15
to 29 minutes to get to the clinic while about 5% of all households travel 30 to 44 minutes. 9.9% of
White households do not know how long it would take them to travel to the clinic.
A higher percentage of households take longer to travel to the hospital than to the clinic (see
Figure 62). For Black African households 63.5% take 15 to 29 minutes and 21.4% take 30 to 44
minutes to reach the hospital. The highest percentage (43.1%) of Coloured households take 15 to
29 minutes to travel to hospital with 35.1% taking 14 minutes or less and 19.1% taking between 30
and 44 minutes. For White households 42.3% take 14 minutes or less and 42.2% take 15 to 29
minutes to travel to hospital.
The time taken to travel to the welfare office is very different for the different population groups as
can be seen in Figure 62. For Black African households 61.4% take between 15 and 29 minutes,
17.5% take 14 minutes or less and 12.5% take between 30 and 44 minutes to reach the welfare
office. For Coloured households 42.0% take 14 minutes or less and 34.4% take between 15 and
29 minutes to get to the welfare office. 39.1% of White households take 14 minutes or less to
reach the welfare office followed by 17% who take between 15 and 29 minutes. 29.7% of White,
7.8% of Coloured and 5.1% of Black African households do not know long it would take to travel to
the welfare office.
Black African
Coloured
White
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
14
Min
or
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
Food Market
60 Don't 14
min know Min
or
or
more
less
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
60 Don't 14
min know Min
or
or
more
less
Post Office
15 to 30 to 45 to
29
44
59
min min min
60 Don't
min know
or
more
Public Transport
Figure 63: Travelling times to get to a food market, post office and public transport
A fairly large percentage (72.0%) of households have a short travelling time to get to the food
market with 84.3% of White, 68.6% of Black African and 66.8% of Coloured households travelling
14 minutes or less (see figure 63). 28.5% of Coloured, 23.6% of Black African and 10.1% of White
households travel between 15 and 29 minutes to reach the food market.
More households travel longer to reach the post office than the food market as can be seen from
Figure 63. For Black African households 58.2% travel between 15 and 29 minutes, 29.5% 14
minutes or less and 10.1% between 30 and 44 minutes to get to the post office. 52.8% of
Coloured households travel 14 minutes or less, 37.4% travel 15 to 39 minutes and 7.9% 30 to 44
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
minutes to the post office. The highest percentage (66.6%) of White household take 14 minutes or
less to get to the post office followed by 23.7% who take between 15 and 29 minutes.
A total of 86.2% of households take 14 minutes or less to reach public transport (see Figure 63).
For Black African households 87.5% take 14 minutes or less and 11.7% take between 15 and 29
minutes to reach public transport. For Coloured households 86.6% take 14 minutes or less and
11.8% take between 15 and 29 minutes to reach public transport. 84.0% of White households take
14 minutes or less, 8.9% take between 15 and 29 minutes and 4.3% do not know how long it takes
to reach public transport
18 Hunger
18.1 Adults Experiencing Hunger
Households were asked if any adult (18 years and above) has gone hungry in the past 12 months
because there was not enough food. In 14.3% of all households adults had experienced hunger.
Black African
Coloured
White
99.7%
100%
87.3%
90%
80%
72.8%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
16.8%
20%
5.7% 3.6%
10%
5.9%
3.0% 2.5%
0.3%
1.7% 0.7%
0%
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Often
Always
Figure 64: Adults who went hungry in the past 12 months
Black African households had the largest percentage of adults who had gone hungry in the past 12
months (see Figure 64). In Black African households 16.8% of adults sometimes went hungry,
5.7% seldom went hungry, 3.0% often went hungry and 1.7% always went hungry. In Coloured
households 5.9% of adults sometimes went hungry, 3.8% seldom went hungry, 2.5% often went
hungry and 0.7% always went hungry. Only 0.3% of adults in White households often went
hungry.
18.2 Children Experiencing Hunger
Households were asked if any children (17 years or younger) has gone hungry in the past 12
months because there was not enough food. There were no children in 43.3% of households.
Where there were children in the household 16.6% had children who had gone hungry in the past
12 months.
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Black African
100%
White
94.5%
87.2%
90%
80%
Coloured
72.4%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
18.1%
20%
5.2%
10%
6.9%
2.3%
4.5%
2.4% 3.0% 1.0%
1.9% 0.6%
0%
Never
Seldom
Sometimes
Often
Always
Figure 65: Children who went hungry in the past 12 months in households having children
Black Africans have the highest percentage of households where children went hungry in the past
12 months with 18.1% sometimes going hungry, 5.2% seldom going hungry, 2.4% often going
hungry and 1.9% always going hungry (see Figure 65). For Coloureds children in 6.9% of
households sometimes go hungry, 3.0% often go hungry, 2.3% seldom go hungry and 0.6%
always goes hungry. For children in White households 4.5% sometimes go hungry and 1.0% often
goes hungry.
19 Crime
All households were asked if anyone in the household have been a victim of a given list of crimes
in the past 12 months.
During the 12 months 19.4% of households had had things stolen. Household members had been
harassed or threatened in 5.8% of households, been sexually molested by someone outside the
household in 0.4% of households and been beaten up or hurt in 2.6% of households. In 0.5% of
households there had been at least one murder.
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Black African
Coloured
White
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Had things Harassed or Harassed or Sexually
Beaten up
stolen
threatened threatened molested by or hurt by
by
by non
non
household
household household household
member
member
member
member
Beaten up Murdered by Murdered by
or hurt by household
non
non
member
household
household
member
member
Figure 66: Crimes experienced by households in the past 12 months
White households experienced the highest levels of crime in the 12 months with 24.6% of
households having had things stolen, 6.9% of households had at least one member harassed or
threatened by someone outside the household, 3.4% of households had a least one member
beaten up or hurt by someone outside the household and 0.6% of households had at least one
member murdered (see Figure 66). For Coloured households 23.5% had things stolen, 6.2% had
at least one member harassed or threatened, 2.3% has at least one member beaten up or hurt,
0.7% had at least one member sexually molested and 0.5% has at least one member murdered.
For Black African households crime was the lowest with 10.2% having had things stolen, 4.0% had
at least one member harassed or threatened, 2.4% has at least one member beaten up or hurt,
0.3% had at least one member sexually molested and 0.3% has at least one member murdered.
20 Environmental Issues
20.1 Environmental Problems Experienced
Households were asked to indicate from a list of environmental problems which they experienced
in their community. The highest percentage of households (28.6%) indicated that waste removal
and littering was a problem followed by 24.4% of households who experienced excessive noise or
noise pollution. 18.2% of households indicated that water pollution was a problem and 15.6% that
air pollution was a problem. Only 3.3% of households indicated that land degradation and the over
utilisation of natural resources was a problem and this includes soil erosion, potholes and dongas,
overgrazing, and the cutting of trees for firewood. 4.7% of households indicated that there were
“other” environmental problems.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
50.0%
45.0%
40.0%
35.0%
30.0%
25.0%
20.0%
15.0%
10.0%
5.0%
0.0%
Waste removal, Water pollution
littering
Air pollution
Land
degradation
Noise polution
Other
Figure 67: Environmental problems experienced by households
As can be seen in Figure 67 the environmental problems experienced vary for the different
population groups. In most categories more Black African households experience problems with
48.4% having a problem with waste removal and littering, 38.0% having a problem with water
pollution, 32.6% having a problem with noise pollution and 22.6% having a problem with air
pollution.
20.2 Saving the Environment
Only 15.3% of all households deliberately used public transport, walked or cycled instead of using
a car in the 12 months prior to the survey while 80.7% of households do make sure that their noise
does not disturb others. 61.8% of households deliberately cut down on the amount of water they
use and 65.4% deliberately cut down on the use of electricity.
Black African
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Coloured
White
93.9%
87.3%
86.8%
72.9%
69.5%
81.7%
69.1%
39.5%
32.3%
19.6% 17.3%
8.5%
Deliberately used public Deliberately cut down
Deliberately cut down
Make sure that their
transport, walked or
on the amount of water on the use of electricity noise does not dicturb
cycled instead of using
use
others
a car
Figure 68: Measures taken to save the environment
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
For White households 87.3% deliberately cut down on the amount of water they use and 86.8% on
the use of electricity (see Figure 68). 72.9% of Coloured households deliberately cut down on the
use of electricity and 69.5% deliberately reduce water usage. The lowest percentage of Black
African households deliberately cut down on their use of water (32.3%) and electricity (39.5%). A
high number of households make sure that their noise does not disturb others with White
households the highest at 93.9% and Black African households the lowest at 69.1%. For those
who deliberately used public transport, walked or cycles during the 12 months prior to the survey
instead of using a car Coloured households were the highest at 19.6% and Black African
households the lowest at 8.5%.
20.3 Waste Recycling
Only 13.2% of households in the Cape Town recycle any waste. White households have the
highest percentage (30.6%) that recycles waste followed by Coloured households at 12.1%. Only
0.8% of Black African households recycle waste.
Black African
Coloured
White
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Paper and
cardboard
Glass
Plastic bags
and bottles
Aluminium
cans and metal
Oil
Ash, rubble
and bricks
Figure 69: Waste items collected for recycling
All households that do collect waste for recycling were asked which items from a given list they
collect. The waste items collected for recycling by households in the different population groups
are shown in Figure 69. All Black African, 88.2% of White and 71.2% of Coloured households
collect paper and cardboard. The only other items collected by Black African households are
plastic bags and bottles (35.9%) and aluminium cans and metal (76.7%). More than half of
Coloured households collect glass (50.9%), plastic bags and bottles (60.1%) and aluminium cans
and metal (55.0%). White households also collect glass (69.3%), plastic bags and bottles (25.0%)
and aluminium cans and metal (18.4%). Only White households collect oil (9.8%) and ash, bricks
and rubble (11.6%).
20.4 Reasons for Recycling Waste
All households who collect waste for recycling were asked why they do so and could select more
than one of the given reasons. The main reason given by all households is to reduce waste
(85.3%) followed by reducing litter and pollution (54.5%). 12.1% of households collect waste to
save energy or natural resources and 16.8% to save landfill space. 13.9% of households collect
waste in order to get money.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Black African
Coloured
White
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
To reduce waste
To get money
from recycled
items
To save
energy/natural
resources
To save landfill
space
To reduce litter
and pollution
Figure 70: Reasons for collecting waste for recycling
The reasons for collecting waste for recycling vary for the different population groups (see Figure
70). Black African households see the importance of saving landfill sites (76.7%) and want to get
money from recycled items (59.1%). Coloured households collect waste to reduce waste (82.2%)
and litter and pollution (54.8%). White households also collect waste to reduce waste (88.7%) and
litter and pollution (54.9%). Significantly more Coloured households (26.0%) than White
households (4.9%) collect waste to get money from recycling.
20.5 Reasons for not Recycling Waste
All households who do not collect waste for recycling were asked to give a single reason as to why
they did not recycle. The highest percentage (63.1%) simply throws out potential recycling into the
dustbin for refuse collection and 21.3% have no time to collect waste. Other reasons given are
that they do not think it is important (8.7%), they do not have adequate facilities (4.3%), they have
too few recyclables (1.7%) and that there is not enough financial benefit (0.9%).
Black African
Coloured
White
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Thrown out for
refuse
collection
Don't think it is
important
Don't have
adequate
facilities
Too few
recyclables
Not enough
financial benefit
No time to
collect waste
Figure 71: Reasons for not collecting waste for recycling
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
All population groups gave the main reason for not collecting waste for recycling that they throw
waste into the dustbin for refuse collection (see Figure 71). Both Coloured (27.1%) and White
(23.1%) households indicated that they have no time to collect waste as their next most important
reason. 16.4% of Black African households do not think it is important compared to 4.6% of White
and 3.8% of Coloured households.
21 Conclusion
This analysis of the 2006 General Household Survey estimated the population of Cape Town to be
3.23 million in 905,600 households. Those under 15 years comprise 27.0% of the population and
those 65 years and older 4.7%. The differences in the demographic and socio-economic
characteristics of the various population groups are clearly shown.
At a high level this information can be used to assist in the development of strategy and policy for
the City particularly in the areas of human settlement and the delivery of essential services. It can
also be used to look as issues around poverty, deprivation and environmental issues.
Statistics South Africa conducts the General Household Survey on an annual basis and since 2005
the results have been available on a Metropolitan basis. Once at least three sets of data are
available, time series analysis for Cape Town will be developed. Changes in the demographic and
socio-economic characteristics of Cape Town can thus be monitored and evaluated to assist in
future planning and policy development for the City.
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis for Cape Town
Appendices
Appendix A – Weighting of the GHS
Weighting the GHS of July 2006
A two-stage weighting procedure was done on the GHS 2006. The PSU inclusion probability is given by
PPSU
nPSU
.nS ,
N PSU
where nPSU is the number of households constituting the selected PSU during census fieldwork, n S is
the number of PSUs per stratum, and N PSU is the number of households constituting the selected
stratum during census fieldwork. The household inclusion probability per PSU is given by
PHH
n HH
,
H HH
where nHH is the number of selected dwelling units per PSU, H HH is the number of dwelling units in the
PSU in question at a particular time different from the census time.
The household weight adjusted for non-response is given by
where rHH is the response rate and is given by rHH
1
PHH .rHH
nRESP
where nRESP is the number of responding
nT
households and nT is the total number of visited households per PSU. The adjusted sample weights are
now given by
WHH
1
PPSU .PHH .rHH
A SAS macro called CALMAR was used to benchmark WHH to the mid-year estimates. The mid-year
estimates were adjusted to give population estimates for July 2006 (when survey fieldwork took place).
(Source: General Household Survey 2006: Metadata/Statistics South Africa. Pretoria: Statistics South
Africa, 2007, 122p. [Report No. P0318 (2007)])
Appendix B – Total Population and Number of Households
Gender
Male
Female
Number
%
Number
%
Total Number
Total %
Number of Households
%
January 2008
Population Group
Black African
Coloured
514,003
781,725
32.02%
48.70%
543,498
779,094
33.74%
48.36%
1,057,501
1,560,819
32.88%
48.53%
301,179
367,666
33.26%
40.60%
White
309,590
19.29%
288,312
17.90%
597,902
18.59%
236,758
26.14%
Total
1,605,318
100.00%
1,610,904
100.00%
3,216,222
100.00%
905,603
100.00%
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2006 General Household Survey Analysis
Appendix C – Age by Population Group and Gender
Age
0-4
Data
Number
%
5-9
Number
%
10-14
Number
%
15-19
Number
%
20-24
Number
%
25-29
Number
%
30-34
Number
%
35-39
Number
%
40-44
Number
%
45-49
Number
%
50-54
Number
%
55-59
Number
%
60-64
Number
%
65-69
Number
%
70-74
Number
%
75-79
Number
%
80-84
Number
%
85+
Number
%
Total Number
Total %
January 2008
Male
50,106
9.75%
74,235
14.44%
34,230
6.66%
63,185
12.29%
45,431
8.84%
76,763
14.93%
68,046
13.24%
24,848
4.83%
19,017
3.70%
22,671
4.41%
10,719
2.09%
12,869
2.50%
4,876
0.95%
6,349
1.24%
656
0.13%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
514,003
100.00%
Black African
Female
61,905
11.39%
51,900
9.55%
47,998
8.83%
53,200
9.79%
66,447
12.23%
84,271
15.51%
56,345
10.37%
33,595
6.18%
24,470
4.50%
16,732
3.08%
16,081
2.96%
3,379
0.62%
10,310
1.90%
8,668
1.59%
5,893
1.08%
0.00%
709
0.13%
1,598
0.29%
543,498
100.00%
Total
112,011
10.59%
126,135
11.93%
82,228
7.78%
116,385
11.01%
111,878
10.58%
161,034
15.23%
124,391
11.76%
58,443
5.53%
43,487
4.11%
39,402
3.73%
26,800
2.53%
16,248
1.54%
15,186
1.44%
15,017
1.42%
6,549
0.62%
0.00%
709
0.07%
1,598
0.15%
1,057,501
100.00%
Male
69,156
8.85%
71,835
9.19%
72,556
9.28%
89,515
11.45%
75,394
9.64%
74,410
9.52%
61,287
7.84%
43,667
5.59%
51,525
6.59%
45,893
5.87%
45,566
5.83%
32,117
4.11%
18,023
2.31%
14,430
1.85%
10,804
1.38%
3,847
0.49%
623
0.08%
1,076
0.14%
781,725
100.00%
Coloured
Female
77,890
10.00%
76,439
9.81%
70,072
8.99%
61,789
7.93%
69,309
8.90%
69,681
8.94%
55,525
7.13%
54,954
7.05%
35,997
4.62%
61,860
7.94%
49,149
6.31%
29,412
3.78%
22,910
2.94%
19,347
2.48%
14,024
1.80%
6,986
0.90%
1,218
0.16%
2,532
0.33%
779,094
100.00%
Total
147,047
9.42%
148,273
9.50%
142,628
9.14%
151,304
9.69%
144,703
9.27%
144,092
9.23%
116,812
7.48%
98,621
6.32%
87,521
5.61%
107,753
6.90%
94,715
6.07%
61,528
3.94%
40,933
2.62%
33,778
2.16%
24,829
1.59%
10,832
0.69%
1,841
0.12%
3,609
0.23%
1,560,819
100.00%
Male
10,768
3.48%
14,824
4.79%
45,825
14.80%
23,835
7.70%
18,854
6.09%
27,456
8.87%
8,102
2.62%
24,822
8.02%
21,629
6.99%
24,467
7.90%
29,528
9.54%
22,519
7.27%
12,488
4.03%
4,724
1.53%
6,544
2.11%
6,561
2.12%
1,562
0.50%
5,082
1.64%
309,590
100.00%
White
Female
13,949
4.84%
10,444
3.62%
15,200
5.27%
21,272
7.38%
17,993
6.24%
23,226
8.06%
28,860
10.01%
18,610
6.45%
30,837
10.70%
26,185
9.08%
17,423
6.04%
11,935
4.14%
23,343
8.10%
7,378
2.56%
9,192
3.19%
7,186
2.49%
2,944
1.02%
2,336
0.81%
288,312
100.00%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
Total
24,717
4.13%
25,268
4.23%
61,025
10.21%
45,107
7.54%
36,847
6.16%
50,682
8.48%
36,961
6.18%
43,431
7.26%
52,467
8.78%
50,652
8.47%
46,951
7.85%
34,454
5.76%
35,831
5.99%
12,102
2.02%
15,736
2.63%
13,747
2.30%
4,506
0.75%
7,418
1.24%
597,902
100.00%
Male
130,030
8.10%
160,894
10.02%
152,611
9.51%
176,536
11.00%
139,679
8.70%
178,629
11.13%
137,434
8.56%
93,337
5.81%
92,171
5.74%
93,031
5.80%
85,813
5.35%
67,504
4.21%
35,387
2.20%
25,504
1.59%
18,005
1.12%
10,407
0.65%
2,185
0.14%
6,158
0.38%
1,605,318
100.00%
Grand Total
Female
153,744
9.54%
138,783
8.62%
133,270
8.27%
136,261
8.46%
153,749
9.54%
177,178
11.00%
140,730
8.74%
107,158
6.65%
91,304
5.67%
104,776
6.50%
82,653
5.13%
44,725
2.78%
56,563
3.51%
35,393
2.20%
29,109
1.81%
14,172
0.88%
4,871
0.30%
6,466
0.40%
1,610,904
100.00%
Total
283,774
8.82%
299,677
9.32%
285,881
8.89%
312,797
9.73%
293,428
9.12%
355,808
11.06%
278,164
8.65%
200,495
6.23%
183,475
5.70%
197,807
6.15%
168,466
5.24%
112,230
3.49%
91,950
2.86%
60,897
1.89%
47,114
1.46%
24,579
0.76%
7,056
0.22%
12,624
0.39%
3,216,222
100.00%
Page 57
2006 General Household Survey Analysis
Appendix D – Adult Level of Education
No Schooling
Grade 0-5
Grade 6-7
Grade 8-11
Grade 12
NTC I-III
Diploma or
Certificate
Degree
Other
Don't know
Unspecified
Total Number
Total %
January 2008
Data
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Black African
Male
Female
Total
11,390
10,252
21,642
3.90%
3.12%
3.49%
22,920
15,170
38,090
7.84%
4.62%
6.14%
33,004
50,836
83,840
11.29%
15.48%
13.51%
136,736 157,955 294,691
46.79%
48.08%
47.47%
67,455
74,861 142,317
23.08%
22.79%
22.93%
1,142
1,212
2,354
0.39%
0.37%
0.38%
17,576
11,978
29,554
6.01%
3.65%
4.76%
2,023
5,406
7,429
0.69%
1.65%
1.20%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
825
0.25%
328,496
100.00%
0.00%
825
0.13%
620,742
100.00%
0.00%
292,246
100.00%
Male
6,857
1.43%
33,051
6.90%
74,351
15.53%
200,302
41.85%
106,871
22.33%
14,003
2.93%
28,216
5.89%
11,561
2.42%
2,441
0.51%
1,010
0.21%
0.00%
478,662
100.00%
Coloured
Female
6,507
1.32%
34,056
6.91%
91,619
18.59%
209,848
42.57%
120,522
24.45%
1,115
0.23%
20,309
4.12%
8,036
1.63%
892
0.18%
0.00%
Total
13,363
1.38%
67,108
6.91%
165,971
17.08%
410,150
42.22%
227,392
23.40%
15,118
1.56%
48,525
4.99%
19,597
2.02%
3,333
0.34%
1,010
0.10%
0.00%
492,904
100.00%
0.00%
971,566
100.00%
Male
White
Female
Total
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
28,311
13.21%
95,463
44.54%
2,214
1.03%
32,960
15.38%
48,200
22.49%
2,665
1.24%
4,524
2.11%
0.00%
39,049
17.17%
111,054
48.83%
620
0.27%
41,236
18.13%
35,489
15.60%
0.00%
0.00%
67,360
15.25%
206,517
46.75%
2,834
0.64%
74,196
16.79%
83,689
18.94%
2,665
0.60%
4,524
1.02%
Male
18,246
1.85%
55,971
5.68%
107,355
10.90%
365,349
37.08%
269,789
27.38%
17,359
1.76%
78,752
7.99%
61,785
6.27%
5,106
0.52%
5,534
0.56%
0.00%
214,337
100.00%
0.00%
227,447
100.00%
0.00%
441,785
100.00%
0.00%
985,246
100.00%
0.00%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
Grand Total
Female
16,759
1.60%
49,227
4.69%
142,456
13.58%
406,852
38.79%
306,437
29.22%
2,947
0.28%
73,523
7.01%
48,930
4.67%
892
0.09%
0.00%
825
0.08%
1,048,847
100.00%
Total
35,005
1.72%
105,198
5.17%
249,811
12.28%
772,201
37.96%
576,226
28.33%
20,306
1.00%
152,275
7.49%
110,715
5.44%
5,998
0.29%
5,534
0.27%
825
0.04%
2,034,093
100.00%
Page 58
2006 General Household Survey Analysis
Appendix E – Educational Institutions Attended
Pre-school
School
University
Technikon
College
Adult Education Class
Other
Total Number
Total %
January 2008
Data
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Number
%
Black African
Male
Female
Total
20,339
19,016
39,355
12.77%
11.82%
12.29%
132,492 131,787 264,279
83.16%
81.91%
82.53%
1,005
2,019
3,024
0.63%
1.25%
0.94%
3,417
1,416
4,833
2.14%
0.88%
1.51%
2,061
4,873
6,934
1.29%
3.03%
2.17%
0.00%
0.00%
159,313
100.00%
0.00%
1,787
1.11%
160,899
100.00%
0.00%
1,787
0.56%
320,212
100.00%
Male
20,097
9.00%
177,107
79.35%
12,117
5.43%
4,837
2.17%
4,778
2.14%
0.00%
4,247
1.90%
223,183
100.00%
Coloured
Female
30,138
15.80%
150,051
78.68%
3,438
1.80%
0.00%
3,144
1.65%
2,508
1.32%
1,441
0.76%
190,721
100.00%
Total
50,235
12.14%
327,157
79.04%
15,555
3.76%
4,837
1.17%
7,923
1.91%
2,508
0.61%
5,688
1.37%
413,904
100.00%
Male
8,346
8.32%
67,882
67.68%
15,729
15.68%
2,742
2.73%
4,003
3.99%
0.00%
1,595
1.59%
100,298
100.00%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
White
Female
8,194
13.26%
38,610
62.48%
6,251
10.12%
1,728
2.80%
5,369
8.69%
1,638
2.65%
0.00%
61,792
100.00%
Total
16,540
10.20%
106,493
65.70%
21,980
13.56%
4,471
2.76%
9,373
5.78%
1,638
1.01%
1,595
0.98%
162,090
100.00%
Grand Total
Female
Total
57,349 106,130
13.87%
11.84%
320,448 697,929
77.51%
77.88%
11,708
40,559
2.83%
4.53%
3,145
14,141
0.76%
1.58%
13,387
24,229
3.24%
2.70%
4,147
4,147
0.00%
1.00%
0.46%
5,842
3,228
9,070
1.21%
0.78%
1.01%
482,794 413,412 896,206
100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Male
48,782
10.10%
377,481
78.19%
28,851
5.98%
10,996
2.28%
10,842
2.25%
Page 59
2006 General Household Survey Analysis
Appendix F – Main Material used for the Walls and Roof of Dwellings
Type of Walls
Bricks
Bricks Total
Cement Blocks or Concrete
Type of Roof
Bricks
Cement Block or Concrete
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Tile
Mud
Asbestos
Unspecified
Cement Block or Concrete
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Tile
Thatching
Asbestos
Cement Blocks or Concrete Total
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Wood
Corrugated Iron or Zinc Total
Wood
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Wood
Asbestos
Wood Total
Cardboard
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Asbestos
Cardboard Total
Other
Corrugated Iron or Zinc
Other
Other Total
Unspecified
Unspecified
Grand Total
January 2008
Black African
0.45%
0.46%
6.16%
9.81%
0.00%
19.04%
0.00%
35.91%
0.49%
0.20%
0.80%
0.00%
3.10%
4.60%
29.53%
0.37%
29.89%
24.27%
1.08%
0.45%
25.79%
1.70%
0.49%
2.19%
0.69%
0.00%
0.69%
0.92%
100.00%
Coloured
0.00%
3.64%
7.77%
39.55%
0.96%
14.99%
0.00%
66.91%
0.00%
0.24%
1.33%
0.36%
18.62%
20.54%
2.78%
0.00%
2.78%
7.13%
1.08%
0.76%
8.97%
0.45%
0.00%
0.45%
0.00%
0.35%
0.35%
0.00%
100.00%
White
0.00%
2.92%
2.66%
77.72%
4.35%
7.26%
0.72%
95.62%
0.00%
0.00%
1.23%
0.00%
0.00%
1.23%
0.63%
0.00%
0.63%
2.52%
0.00%
0.00%
2.52%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
100.00%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
Grand Total
0.15%
2.39%
5.90%
39.64%
1.52%
14.31%
0.19%
64.11%
0.16%
0.16%
1.13%
0.14%
8.59%
10.19%
11.11%
0.12%
11.24%
11.62%
0.80%
0.46%
12.88%
0.75%
0.16%
0.91%
0.23%
0.14%
0.37%
0.31%
100.00%
Page 60
2006 General Household Survey Analysis
Appendix G – Condition of the Walls and Roof of Dwellings
Condition of Walls
Very weak
Very weak walls
Weak
Weak walls
Needs minor repairs
Condition of Roof
Very weak
Weak
Very weak
Weak
Needs minor repairs
Good
Very good
Very weak
Weak
Needs minor repairs
Good
Very good
Walls need minor repairs
Good
Weak
Needs minor repairs
Good
Very good
Good walls
Very good
Needs minor repairs
Very good
Very good walls
Unspecified
Unspecified
Grand Total
January 2008
Black African
27.03%
0.30%
27.33%
0.94%
13.79%
1.66%
1.42%
0.00%
17.81%
0.37%
1.28%
19.70%
1.98%
0.40%
23.73%
0.42%
5.21%
20.12%
0.00%
25.75%
0.00%
3.95%
3.95%
1.42%
100.00%
Coloured
8.47%
0.27%
8.73%
0.28%
8.00%
0.00%
2.66%
0.25%
11.19%
0.00%
0.80%
13.96%
1.48%
0.91%
17.16%
0.00%
2.79%
44.43%
0.00%
47.22%
1.63%
13.36%
14.99%
0.70%
100.00%
White
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.58%
0.00%
0.72%
0.00%
1.31%
0.00%
0.00%
7.48%
0.00%
0.00%
7.48%
0.00%
1.21%
51.49%
1.41%
54.11%
0.00%
37.10%
37.10%
0.00%
100.00%
Grand Total
12.43%
0.21%
12.63%
0.43%
7.99%
0.55%
1.74%
0.10%
10.81%
0.12%
0.75%
14.18%
1.26%
0.50%
16.81%
0.14%
3.18%
38.19%
0.37%
41.88%
0.66%
16.44%
17.10%
0.76%
100.00%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
Page 61
2006 General Household Survey Analysis
Appendix H - Number of Persons per Household by Number of Rooms Occupied in the Dwelling
Black African
Household
Size
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
15
Total
Number of Rooms
Coloured
Household
Size
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
15
Total
Number of Rooms
January 2008
1
14.59%
7.48%
6.64%
3.94%
1.98%
0.37%
2
2.17%
5.51%
3.15%
1.70%
2.50%
1.26%
1.49%
3
2.95%
2.31%
3.57%
2.28%
1.90%
0.41%
0.42%
0.81%
0.35%
0.22%
4
1.74%
2.63%
2.92%
2.30%
4.60%
2.37%
2.02%
0.52%
1.29%
0.16%
17.79%
15.21%
20.56%
3.65%
2
0.14%
1.71%
2.11%
1.95%
0.74%
0.96%
1.13%
3
1.73%
1.93%
1.64%
3.35%
2.47%
0.72%
0.69%
0.32%
0.66%
4
0.82%
2.07%
7.72%
8.11%
4.09%
2.11%
1.90%
1.09%
0.38%
0.37%
0.80%
0.94%
0.41%
37.14%
1
4.20%
2.65%
1.40%
3.47%
0.77%
1.06%
0.34%
0.29%
5
7
0.42%
8
9
0.49%
0.53%
0.31%
3.91%
0.90%
0.53%
0.31%
5
6
7
8
9
1.78%
5.15%
4.95%
5.06%
2.64%
0.86%
1.12%
0.60%
1.10%
1.57%
1.37%
0.82%
2.04%
0.73%
0.32%
0.50%
0.42%
1.00%
0.26%
0.28%
0.33%
0.86%
0.53%
0.69%
0.39%
0.86%
6
0.45%
0.98%
0.71%
0.99%
0.79%
0.33%
0.45%
0.28%
0.90%
0.40%
14.17%
9.06%
13.18%
28.66%
22.15%
8.20%
3.52%
1.06%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
10
Total
22.32%
18.25%
17.13%
10.76%
12.65%
6.82%
5.79%
2.92%
1.64%
1.32%
0.41%
100.00%
10
Grand
Total
6.89%
11.96%
19.92%
23.71%
14.68%
10.98%
5.13%
2.83%
2.24%
0.37%
0.90%
0.40%
100.00%
Page 62
2006 General Household Survey Analysis
White
Household
Size
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
14
15
Total
January 2008
Number of Rooms
1
5.91%
0.64%
2
1.26%
2.08%
3
4.76%
3.79%
1.33%
1.59%
4
3.17%
6.50%
4.47%
1.44%
5
4.24%
9.91%
1.42%
7.94%
0.66%
0.73%
6
2.59%
5.62%
2.80%
2.48%
1.14%
0.97%
7
1.18%
4.48%
0.52%
1.92%
0.52%
0.57%
8
0.66%
1.73%
2.60%
2.86%
1.10%
11.47%
15.58%
24.91%
15.60%
9.20%
8.95%
0.94%
6.55%
4.27%
9
10
1.01%
1.29%
1.17%
2.46%
Strategic Development Information and GIS Department
1.01%
Grand
Total
23.76%
35.76%
14.44%
19.40%
4.36%
2.28%
100.00%
Page 63