Nuclear Physics Applications
in industry, medicine, and liberal arts
Energy Sources
Nuclear Forensics
Homeland Security
Imaging and Diagnostics
Radiation Treatment
M t i lS
Material
Science
i
Art and Archaeology
Ph
i A
li ti
Physics
Applications
Energy
ADS & Transmutation
Fusion confinement
Nuclear Waste
Energy Storage
Life Science
Medical Diagnostics
Medical Therapy
Radiobiology
Biomedical tracers
Nuclear Forensics
Homeland Security
Risk Assessments
Nuclear Trafficking
Proliferation
Material Analysis
Nanotechnology
Ion Implantation
Material Structure
Geology & Climate
Environment
Art & Archaeology
Nuclear Defense Computation
Weapon Analysis
Functionality
Long-Term Storage
Monte Carlo Simulation
Network Simulation
Software Development
Quantum computing
Nuclear Energy
From nuclear power
plants
p
p
Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS)
for operating sub-critical reactors
1GeV accelerator
p
((~10 15 n/s))
development
ADS for nuclear waste management
to nuclear pace
makers
p
Beam optics &
irradiation system
development
Incineration strategies
F i R
Fusion
Reactors
t
f
for the
th F
Future
t
The Tokomak approach ITER
Magnet field confined plasma fusion
The laser approach NIF
Laser ignition fusion
From NIF to LIFE
National Ignition Facility at LLNL
To Laser Induced Fusion Energy
Driven by terrorism threat &
homeland security issues
Nuclear Forensics
Trafficking of nuclear materials &
material loss assessments
Border control & radiation
exposure (instrumentation)
Provenance of radioactive
material by isotope composition
or material structure analysis
Signature
g
identification,
Detector array development
Sensitivity analysis
Airportt security
Ai
it - neutron
t
activation
ti ti
techniques for plastic explosive search
14N+n
(thermal) ⇒ 15N* ⇒ 15N+γ (10.8 MeV)
7 +
7
7 +
8
10.8 MeV
14N(n,γ)15N
prompt reaction
Was Napoleon murdered by the British?
Was Napoleon murdered by the British?
Napoleon himself suspected to
become a British victim.
Chemical analysis of his hair
indicated enhanced Arsenic
(As) levels which seemed to
confirm the murder theory! But!
75As(n,γ)76As;
75As
T1/2 = 26.4 h
is the only stable isotope of As
N l
Nuclear
Imaging
Im in
Blood flow with radiopharmaceuticals
Imaging software and analysis
Gamma Camera
SPEC & PEP
Isotopes & Isomers
Parmaceuticals
Tumor mapping & visualization by
radioactive isotope accumulation.
Imaging system development
Brachytherapy
Gamma therapy
Neutron therapy
Heavy ion therapy
Radiation Treatment
Material Sciences
Radiation hardening for outer space
Applications from electronics to sails
Ion implantation into silicon chips for generating
micro electronics elements.
Isotope analysis in forensics & biology
Isotope studies for provenance, eating habits
fraction
n of C4 plantt consumption in %
tooth enamel is formed in
early childhood ⇒ origin
dentin & bone changes
with time ⇒ death
Weighted Annual δ13C
BC
time [y]
AD
King of Stonehenge, a German immigrant?
δ18O ≈ -9 to -10
The Daily Express
expressed the
opinion. "This is as
shocking
h ki as th
the
discovery that the
first cricket players
wore leather pants
and ate Bratwurst
with their tea."
D ti reall and
Dating
d false
f l mummies
i
Tracking
Illegal
ll
l Ivory Trade
d
™Increasing slaughter of
elephants since 1970 with
increased use of
automatic weapons.
™Ivory trade ban in 1989
to protect elephants from
becoming extinct
™Growth in poaching and
smuggle leading to a
decline as high as 90% in
certain areas
By using
the
h Bomb
B b Peak
P k
But how to determine the age of
ivory carved artifacts on the
market,, to determine if it was
illegally obtained and smuggled?
abe
Nuclear Physics Employment
51% US
80% Male
~5.7 years
Employment of nuclear science
students 5
students,
5-10
10 years after Ph
Ph.D.
D award
~49% temporary
visa holders