ANIMAL BIOLOGY (1604) LABORATORY
Week of 14 September
Phylum Platyhelminthes & Phylum Nematoda
Read pages 93-100, 107-110 in your lab manual before coming to lab.
Objectives:
• Recognize and distinguish between the three platyhelminthes classes.
• Understand characteristics associated with different flatworm lifestyles.
• Recognize the basic characteristics of nematodes.
Phylum Platyhelminthes
• Aquatic or parasitic flatworms
• Soft-bodied, bilaterally symmetric
• Triploblastic tissue (acoelomate)
Class Turbellaria (planarians)
• Mostly free-living, carnivorous, aquatic forms
• Ciliated epidermis
Planaria: whole mount slide (Fig. 7.2 & Atlas Fig. 6.2)
Identify the following structures:
• Head
• Eye spots
• Auricles
• Gastrovascular cavity
• Pharynx
• Mouth
Planaria: cross-section through pharyngeal region slide (Fig. 7.3 & Atlas Fig. 6.3)
Identify the following structures:
• Epidermis
• Mesoderm
• Gastrodermis
• Pharynx
• Pharyngeal cavity
• Gastrovascular cavity
Class Trematoda (flukes)
• Parasitic with wide-range of invertebrate and vertebrate hosts
• Suckers for attachment to host
Fasciola: whole mount slide (Fig. 7.4 & Atlas Fig. 6.5)
Identify the following structures and label the image below:
• Oral sucker
• Ventral sucker
• Testes
Below is an image of Clonorchis sinensis (Fig. 7.4 & Atlas Fig. 6.8-6.12)
Identify the following structures and label the image below:
• Oral sucker
• Ventral sucker
• Pharynx
• Testes
• Uterus
• Gastrovascular cavity
• Excretory pore
What anatomical features of trematodes suggest adaptation to a parasitic lifestyle?
Class Cestoda (tapeworms)
• Parasitic in most vertebrate hosts
• Complex lifecycle with intermediate and multiple hosts
Taenia: composite slide (Fig. 7.5)
Identify the following structures:
• Scolex
• Hooks
• Suckers
Lab Manual:
Lab Atlas:
• Neck
• Immature proglottids
• Mature proglottids
• Gravid proglottids
Fig. 7.1-7.5
Fig. 6.1-6.18
Review Questions
All Questions
Questions 4-6
pg. 100
pg. 106
Exercise 8-1: Nematode Anatomy
Ascaris Dissection
(see instructions: pg. 108-110; Fig. 8.1 & Atlas Fig. 9.2-9.8)
Phylum Nematoda
• Pseudocoelom with complete digestive tract
• Usually dioecious
• Free-living and parasitic members
Ascaris: Identify the following structures:
• Mouth
• Pharynx
• Pseudocoelom
• Anus
• Females
• Males
Exercise: Live cultures
Obtain a sample from one of the three numbered containers at the front of the room.
Identify the sample as containing cnidarians, turbellarians or nematodes and record your
answer in the chart below, including a brief description of how the organisms move.
Identify the organisms and observe movement for the other two containers.
*Have your TA check your identifications.
Container 1:
Container 2:
Container 3:
Review Questions
Questions 1-4
All Questions
pg. 114
pg. 110
*Read pages 115-132 in your lab manual before coming to lab next week